NEWS: Phospho-synuclein antibodies from Affinity Biosciences
Alpha-synuclein is a 140 amino acid protein which, in humans, is encoded by the SNCA gene. It is expressed predominantly in the brain and particularly in presynaptic nerve terminals. Due to its structural flexibility, alpha-synuclein can adopt several conformations and depending on the environment and the binding partners, exists as a dynamic balance between monomeric unfolded and an amphipathic alpha-helix (membrane binding) states.
In pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, soluble alpha-synuclein monomers associate to form large and insoluble aggregates, the main component of Lewy body inclusions. These neurotoxic aggregates cause the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and are responsible for the motor symptoms in PD. In particular, post-translational modifications of alpha-synuclein can lead to a change in conformation resulting in the alpha-synuclein proteins being more susceptible to aggregation. In Lewy bodies, it has been shown that phosphorylated Ser129 alpha-synuclein is the most abundant form of alpha-synuclein present in these aggregates.
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