Major 12S seed storage protein CRC (globulin) is synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum as precursor and then transported to storage vacuoles, where it is processed at a conserved Asn-Gly peptide bond by an asparaginyl endopeptidase to produce two mature polypeptides referred to as alpha and beta subunits that are joined together by a disulfide bond. Phosphorylated in seeds on some Tyr residues in response to abscisic acid (ABA). 12S CRC protein is cleaved to alpha and beta chains. Cellular localisation: vacuole.Alternative protein names: Cruciferin 3, Cruciferin C Legumin-type globulin Cruciferin1, Legumin-type globulin storage protein CRU1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Native, 12S globulin alpaha subunit purified from Arabidopsis thaliana and excised from SDS-PAGE gel. UniProt: Q96318, TAIR: At4g28520
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalization (IL) using electron microscopy, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Assay dependent (ELISA), 1: 50 (IL by electron microscopy), 1: 100 (IHC), 1: 3000 - 1: 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
58 | 30 kDa (alpha subunit)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Shirakawa et al. (2014). CONTINUOUS VASCULAR RING (COV1) is a trans-Golgi network-localized membrane protein required for Golgi morphology and vacuolar protein sorting. Plant Cell Physiol. 2014 Apr;55(4):764-72.doi: 10.1093/pcp/pct195. (Immunohistochemistry, Western blot)Li et al. MAG2 and three MAG2-INTERACTING PROTEINs form an ER-localized complex to facilitate storage protein transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 2013 Dec;76(5):781-91.doi: 10.1111/tpj.12347. (Immunolocalisation by electron microscopy, Western blot)
14.3.3’s are 30KDa proteins involved in protein interactions with target proteins containing phosphorylated target sites. Functions of 14.3.3’s include acting as adaptors or scaffolds, stimulating protein-protein interaction, altering target protein activity, causing conformational changes of target proteins, regulating subcellular localisation and also facilitating transport (for example nuclear import/export and transport in the endomembrane system). A variety of apparently unrelated biological activities, including a role in development and signal transduction have been ascribed to the 14.3.3 family. To date, five barley 14.3.3 homologues have been identified and characterised and named 14.3.3A through E.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Hordeum vulgare
Expected Species:
Horderum vulgare
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide specific to the barley C isoform, conjugated to KLH
GRF (General regulatory factor 2) or 14.3.3’s are 30KDa proteins involved in protein interactions with target proteins containing phosphorylated target sites. Functions of 14.3.3’s include acting as adaptors or scaffolds, stimulating protein-protein interaction, altering target protein activity, causing conformational changes of target proteins, regulating subcellular localisation and also facilitating transport (for example nuclear import/export and transport in the endomembrane system). A variety of apparently unrelated biological activities, including a role in development and signal transduction - brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Application Details:
1: 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
20-28 kDa (depending upon an isoform)
Not reactive in:
This antibody does not bind to 14-3-3-like protein D of Nicotiana tabacum.
Selected references:
Guo et al. (2022) Acetylproteomics analyses reveal critical features of lysine-?-acetylation in Arabidopsis and a role of 14-3-3 protein acetylation in alkaline response. Stress Biology 2, 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44154-021-00024-z. (immunoprecipitation)Kumari et al. (2021) In-depth assembly of organ and development dissected Picrorhiza kurroa proteome map using mass spectrometry. BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Dec 22;21(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03394-8. PMID: 34937558; PMCID: PMC8693493.Dongxu et al. (2020). Magnesium reduces cadmium accumulation by decreasing the nitrate reductase-mediated nitric oxide production in Panax notoginseng roots. Journal of Plant Physiology. Available online 7 February 2020, 153131Gupta and Shaw (2020). Biochemical and molecular characterisations of salt tolerance components in rice varieties tolerant and sensitive to NaCl: the relevance of Na+ exclusion in salt tolerance in the species . Funct Plant Biol. 2020 Jul 30.doi: 10.1071/FP20089 Pertl-Obermeyer et al. (2018). Dissecting the subcellular membrane proteome reveals enrichment of H+ (co-)transporters and vesicle trafficking proteins in acidic zones of Chara internodal cells. PLoS One. 2018 Aug 29;13(8):e0201480. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201480.
Special application note:
This antibody is recognizing recombiant GRF of Lilium longiflorum Lil1433_0 accession: AF191746, Lil1433_2, accession: EF397608 and recombinant GRF1,2,3,5 and 6 of Arabidopsis thaliana: GRF1 14-3-3 chi (At4g09000.1), GRF2 14-3-3 omega (At1g78300.1), GRF3 14-3-3 psi (At5g38480.1), GRF5 14-3-3 upsilon (At5g16050.1), GRF6 14-3-3 lambda (At5g10450.2), GRF8 14-3-3 kappa (At5g65430.1), GRF11 14-3-3 omicron (At1g34760.1).There is also very weak reaction to Physcomitrella patens Pp14-3-3 Pp1s 73_133V6 (closest homolog to AtGRF6) and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cr 14-3-3 Cre 12.g559250 (closest homolog to AtGRF6).
Mouse anti-14-3-3 protein eta Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, ICC.
Background Info:
14.3.3 protein eta or 14.3.3 binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner (Ref SwissProt). 14.3.3 protein eta is widely expressed as both homodimers and heterodimers and are concentrated in the nervous system. High concentrations of 14.3.3 protein eta have been linked to Creutzfeld Jacob Disease, Parkinson's Disease and early-onset schizopherenia.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Full length recombinant 14.3.3 protein ETA expressed in and purified from E. coli.
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Clone number:
3G12
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
WB, ICC, IHC. Suggested dilution of 1:500-1:1,000 for IHC and ICC. Suggested dilution of 1:1,000-1:5,000 for WB. A suitable control tissue is rat spinal cord or peripheral nerve homogenate.
Alternative Names:
14.3.3 ; Protein AS1; YWHAH; YWHA1; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein 1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human 14-3-3 ETA protein
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
PEB is an extraction buffer for disruption and solubilisation of total protein from plant tissue and algal cells. The use of the anionic detergent LDS together with the recommended procedure (combination of sonication and freeze/thaw cycles) has been shown to increase the number of solubilised and non-degraded proteins when compared to other methods of cell disruption (see reference). The estimated hands-on time for the recommended procedure is 20-30 minutes for 1-2 samples. Expected yields will be 1.5-6 g/ l total protein (recovered from standard procedure) depending on the starting material, e.g. its biological stage, homogenization method used (bead beater vs. sonication).
Product Type:
Antibody
Storage Temp:
Stable at RT for at least 1 month; short-term storage (6 monthss) at 4°Cand long term storage (1 year or more) at -20 °C.
Species Reactivity:
PEB has been tested on a wide range of species and tissues from Higher plants, Mosses, Llichens, Algae, Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, Cyanobacteria. Extracts may be quantified using detergent (LDS) compatible methods, and have been shown to give highly reproducible and quantitative results in subsequent SDS PAGE gel electrophoresis, Western blotting, and Immunoprecipitation (IP). Most of Agrisera commercial antibodies are tested on plant or algal samples extracted with this buffer. An example can be found here.
5 x 2 ml (4x stock) allows up to 75 isolations of plant material (using 500 µl 1x PEB for 100 mg fresh weight) or 190 isolations of algal material (using 200 µl 1x PEB for cell amounts corresponding to 4-10 µg total chlorophyll)
Selected references:
Altuntas et al. (2020). Proline-stimulated signaling primarily targets the chlorophyll degradation pathway and photosynthesis associated processes to cope with short-term water deficit in maize. Photosynth Res. 2020 Apr;144(1):35-48. doi: 10.1007/s11120-020-00727-w.P rez-L pez et al. (2020). Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Plasmodiophora brassicae Secondary Infection Effector Candidates. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2020 Jan 11. doi: 10.1111/jeu.12784.Morin et al. (2019). Morin et al. (2019). Response of the sea-ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus to simulated polar night darkness and return to light. Limnology and Oceanography. 9999, 2019, 1â??20. (sea-ice diatom)Bausch, A.R., Juhl, A.R., Donaher, N.A. et al. Mar Biol (2019) 166: 80.Matsuo and Atsumi (2018). Xylosylation of proteins by expression of human xylosyltransferase 2 in plants. J Biosci Bioeng. 2018 Sep;126(3):371-378. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.03.013.Brouwer et al. (2011) TheImpact ofLightIntensity onShade-InducedLeaf Senescence. Plant Cell Environ. Dec. 15 (ahead of print).Kosawang et al. (2011) Hydrogen yield from a hydrogenase in Frankia R43 at different levels of the carbon source propionate. Journal of Environmental Management, Jan 26
Special application note:
Buffer components (4x): contains ~ 40% v/v glycerol [HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH], Tris-HCl [NH2C(CH2OH)3 HCl] pH 8.5, LDS [CH3(CH2)11OSO3Li], EDTA [(HO2CCH2)2NCH2CH2N(CH2CO2H)2]It is recommended to include a protease inhibitor (not supplied with this buffer) from a freshly made stock while preparing the ready-to-use 1x PSB.PEB has been optimized for quantitative small-scale preparation of whole protein extracts from plant/algal tissue. Extraction using the procedure described below will result in maximum yield of proteins and diminish protein degradation and aggregation.Extracts may be quantified using detergent (LDS) compatible methods and have been shown to give highly reproducible and quantitative results in subsequent SDS PAGE gel electrophoresis, Western Blotting, and immunoprecipitation.PEB has been tested on a wide range of species and tissues from higher plants, mosses, lichens, algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates, and cyanobacteria.
May participate in RNA metabolism in the myelinating cell, CNP is the third most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin. Ref: uniprot.org
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Full-length recombinant human protein
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
Western blotting (1:5,000-1:10,000), Immunocytochemistry (1:5,000-1:10,000) and Immunohistochemistry (1:5,000-1:10,000). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
CNPase; CNP;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human, reacts with human, rat, mouse.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8°C. After reconstitution divide into aliquots and store at -20°C for long-term storage. Store at 2-8°C short-term (up to 4 weeks) with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
May participate in RNA metabolism in the myelinating cell, CNP is the third most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin. Ref: uniprot.org
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Full-length recombinant human protein
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Western blotting (1:1,000-1:5,000) and Immunocytochemistry (1:1,000-1:2,000). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human,reacts with Human, Rat, Mouse.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8°C. After reconstitution divide into aliquots and store at -20°C for long-term storage. Store at 2-8°C short-term (up to 4 weeks) with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
May participate in RNA metabolism in the myelinating cell, CNP is the third most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin. Ref: uniprot.org
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Full-length recombinant human protein
Applications:
ICC,WB
Clone number:
1H10
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting (1:5,000-1:20,000) and Immunocytochemistry (1:1,000-1:5,000). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human,reacts with Human, Rat, Mouse.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8°C. After reconstitution divide into aliquots and store at -20°C for long-term storage. Store at 2-8°C short-term (up to 4 weeks) with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
2b protein [Cucumber mosaic virus] is one of the first identified suppressors that could inhibit post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), but with little or no effect on miRNA functions. CMV 2b protein also interferes with miRNA pathways, eliciting developmental anomalies.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
2b protein [Cucumber mosaic virus]
Immunogen:
Recombinant 2b protein [Cucumber mosaic virus] Protein accession number: NP_619631.
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
2b protein [Tomato aspermy virus]
Immunogen:
Recombinant 2b protein [Tomato aspermy virus] Protein accession number: NP_620826.
2S seed storage protein 3, one of major seed storage proteins is synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum as precursor and then transported to storage vacuoles, where it is processed by an asparaginyl endopeptidase to produce two mature polypeptides referred to as large and small subunits which are linked by disulfide bonds. Subcellular localisation: vacuole.Alternative names: 2S albumin storage protein, NWMU2-2S albumin 3
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Capsella rubella Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Conjugated peptide, derived of Arabidopsis thaliana 2S3 large subunit, UniProt: P15459, TAIR: At4g27160
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalization (IL) using electron microscopy, Western blot (WB)
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
18, 7 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Takagi et al. (2013). MAIGO5 functions in protein export from Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticulum exit sites in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell . 2013 Nov;25(11):4658-75. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.118158. (Immunolocalisation by electron microscopy, Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
2S seed storage protein 3, one of major seed storage proteins is synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum as precursor and then transported to storage vacuoles, where it is processed by an asparaginyl endopeptidase to produce two mature polypeptides referred to as large and small subunits which are linked by disulfide bonds. Subcellular localisation: vacuole.Alternative names: 2S albumin storage protein, NWMU2-2S albumin 3
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Conjugated peptide, derived from N-propeptide of Arabidopsis thaliana 2S3P, UniProt: P15459, TAIR: At4g27160
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalization (IL) using electron microscopy, Western blot (WB)
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
18,7 | 17-20 kDa (2S albumin precursors)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Shirakawa et al. (2014). CONTINUOUS VASCULAR RING (COV1) is a trans-Golgi network-localized membrane protein required for Golgi morphology and vacuolar protein sorting. Plant Cell Physiol. 2014 Apr;55(4):764-72. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pct195. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana) Li et al. (2006). MAIGO2 is involved in exit of seed storage proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell. 2006 Dec;18(12):3535-47. doi: 10.1105/tpc.106.046151.( Immunolocalisation by electron microscopy, Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivitywith non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot..ECL.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivity with non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
3-Phosphoglyceric phosphokinase is an enzyme which generates ATP by catalysing the transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-diphosphoglycerate to ADP, in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
3-Phosphoglyceric phosphokinase isolated and purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
3-Phosphoglyceric phosphokinase is an enzyme which generates ATP by catalysing the transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-diphosphoglycerate to ADP, in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
3-Phosphoglyceric phosphokinase isolated and purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, UniProt: P00560
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
Paraformaldehyde (PFA) is the polymerization product of formaldehyde with a typical degree of polymerization of 8100 units. Paraformaldehyde is not a fixative itself; it must be depolymerized to formaldehyde in solution. In cell culture, a typical formaldehyde fixing procedure would involve using a 4% formaldehyde solution in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on ice for 10 minutes. Fixing ensures that sample cell structures stay intact and that antigens are immobilized, while ideally still permitting unfettered access of antibodies to target antigens. CAS 30525-89-4, soluble in water, pH 7.0-7.6 at 25°C. The solution should be clear, colorless, with no precipitate.
Principle of method:
Fixing cells for immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Reagents provided:
500 ml 4 % Paraformaldehyde (PFA) solution in PBS
Storage and handling:
Store at -20°C for one year
Trouble shooting:
Adjust pH to 7.2-7.6 with NaH2PO4 if pH
Precautions:
Causes serious eye damage. Suspected of causing cancer. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Causes skin irritation. Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Use personal protective equipment as required. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Store locked up. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations
4% Paraformaldehyde solution in PBS is a ready-to-use solution for sample preparation and fixing cells for immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Product Type:
Chemicals & Biochemicals
Storage Temp:
-20°C
Additional Info:
Paraformaldehyde (PFA) is the polymerization product of formaldehyde with a typical degree of polymerization of 8â100 units. Paraformaldehyde is not a fixative itself; it must be depolymerized to formaldehyde in solution. In cell culture, a typical formaldehyde fixing procedure would involve using a 4% formaldehyde solution in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on ice for 10 minutes. Fixing ensures that sample cell structures stay intact and that antigens are immobilized, while ideally still permitting unfettered access of antibodies to target antigens.
5-fC (5-formylcytosine) is a known modification of DNA for epigenetic regulation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The 5-HIAA antibody was raised to 5-HIAA coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The antibody produces moderate labeling of raphe neurons in normal rat. In rats whose serotonergic system has been activated, staining intensity is increased to a maximum label. Recommended dilutions of the antiserum are 1/200-1/400 for indirect immunofluorescence and 1/4000-1/8000 for biotin-streptavidin/HRP technique. The specificity of the antiserum was evaluated using a model system of gelatin-indole plugs by a method similar to published procedures (Schipper and Tilders, 1983). Results showed that the 5-HIAA antibody dose dependently stained 5-HIAA but did not stain any concentration of 5-HT or 5-HTP. The antiserum was also tested by pre-adsorption at 25 µg/mL with various BSA conjugates. While pre-adsorption with 5-HIAA conjugate completely eliminates immunolabeling, pre-adsorption with conjugates of 5-HT,5-HTP and dopamine had no effect on staining intensity or distribution of stain.
5-hmC | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is a recently discovered DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. It may have an important roles distinct from that of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; for long term storage -80°Cis recommened; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Close structural similarity between 5-mC and 5-hmC makes them very difficult to expreimentally distinuish. Therefore affinity-based technology was employed to purify 5-hmC specific antibodies. This antibody is affinity purified and provided in PBS pH 7.4 with 0.05 % sodium azide.
5-hmC | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is a recently discovered DNA modification which results from the enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by the TET family of oxygenases. It may have an important roles distinct from that of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). 5-hmC bases have been identified in Purkinje neurons, in granule cells and embryonic stem cells where they are present at high levels (up to 0,6% of total nucleotides in Purkinje cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; for long term storage Store at -80 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The 5-HT Antibody was raised in rabbit against 5-HTP coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The antibody has a proven maximum biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/1000 - 1/2000 dilution in rat raphe nuclei. Optimal dilution will vary depending upon fixation, labeling technique and/or detection system; therefore, a dilution series is recommended. The specificity of the antiserum was evaluated using a model system of gelatin-indole plugs by a method similar to published procedures (Shipper and Tilders, 1983). Results showed that the 5-HTP antibody dose dependently stained 5-HTP but did not stain any concentration of 5-HT or 5-HIAA. The antiserum was also tested by pre-adsorption with indole/paraformaldehyde/BSA conjugates. Staining was completely blocked by pre-adsorption with 5-HTP conjugate and unaffected by 5-HIAA or 5-HT conjugate.
The 5-HT 1A Receptor Antibody was raised against synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 294-312 of the rat 5-HT1A receptor. The antiserum is provided as 100 µL of affinity purified serum containing 1% BSA. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat cortex, arcuate and hippocampus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/100 - 1/200 in PBS - Bn/Av-HRP detection. Intensification methods such as nickel will approximately double the dilution factor as recommended. The antibody was characterized by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Western blot showed a single band of approximately 45 kD. Preincubation of the antibody with an excess of the synthetic peptide blocked staining. Immunohistochemical staining of rat brain correlates well with Northern analysis, in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography. BlastP database sequence homology searches confirmed that this sequence is unique to rat, mouse and human 5-HT1A receptors.
The 5-HT 2A Receptor Antibody was raised against a multiple antigenic peptide of an N-terminal synthetic sequence corresponding to amino acids 22-41 of rat 5HT2A receptor. The antibody is provided as 100 uL of affinity purified serum in PBS (0.02 M sodium phosphate with 0.15 M sodium chloride, pH 7.5) with 1% BSA (bovine serum albumin), and 0.02% sodium azide. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat cortex, amygdala and hippocampus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/300 - 1/500 in PBS/0.03% Triton X-100 - Bn/Av-HRP Technique. The addition of intensifying reagents such as nickel ammonium sulfate to the chromogen solution will approximately double the dilution factor as recommended. Immunolabeling is completely abolished by preadsorption with synthetic rat 5HT2A receptor (22-41). Immunolabeling of Western blot revealed a single band of approximately 53kD.
The ImmunoStar peptide control for 5-HT2A Receptor is intended for the immuno-adsorption of 5-HT2A Receptor antiserum, catalog number 24288. Pre-adsorption of 5-HT2A Receptor antiserum, diluted according to the antibody specification sheet, with 5 µg/ml 5-HT2A Receptor peptide immunogen following the instructions below provides complete blockage of 5-HT2A Receptor immunolabeling. The peptide is provided as 25 µg of lyophilized rat 5-HT2A Receptor, sequence 22-41. Also, this antiserum contains 0.09% sodium azide. Please read the instructions carefully before beginning the procedure.
The 5-HT 2C Receptor Antibody was raised against synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 439-460 of the rat 5-HT2C receptor coupled to KLH and bovine thyroglobulin. The ImmunoStar 5-HT2C receptor antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat choroid plexus and hippocampus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are /500 - 1/1000 in PBS - Bn/Av-HRP technique. Intensification methods such as nickel will approximately double the dilution factor as recommended. The antibody was characterized by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Western blotting revealed a single band of approximately 70 kD. Preincubation of the antibody with an excess of the synthetic peptide blocked staining. Immunohistochemical staining of rat brain correlates well with Northern analysis, in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography. BlastP database sequence homology searches confirmed that this sequence is unique to rat, mouse and human 5-HT2C receptors.
Raised against synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 17-34 of the rat 5-HT5A receptor coupled to carrier protein with glutaraldehyde.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Clam, Rat
Immunogen:
Rat 5-HT5A receptor (17-34)
Applications:
Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western Blot
The 5-HT 5A Receptor Antibody was raised against synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 17-34 of the rat 5-HT5A receptor coupled to carrier protein with glutaraldehyde. The ImmunoStar 5-HT5A Receptor was quality control tested using standard immunohisto-chemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat cortex and hippocampus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/100 - 1/300 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100Â - Cy3 and 1/200Â - 1/400 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100Â - Bn/Av-HRP. Intensification methods such as nickel will approximately double the dilution factor as recommended. The antibody was characterized by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Immunoblots of rat brain extracts revealed the presence of two bands at molecular weights of 41 and 47 kD. The lower weight band agrees with the calculated molecular weight based on amino acid sequence. The higher weight may represent glycosylated receptor protein. Immunohistochemical staining of rat brain correlates well with Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization studies. Immunolabeling is completely abolished by preadsorption with synthetic rat 5-HT5A receptor (17-34). BlastP database sequence homology searches indicate that the amino acid sequence is unique to rat and mouse 5-HT5A receptor.
The ImmunoStar 5HT 6-receptor antibody was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates significant labeling of rat cortex, amygdala and hippocampus and other areas using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. The addition of intensifying reagents such as nickel ammonium sulfate to the chromogen solution will approximately double the dilution factor as recommended. Immunolabeling is completely abolished by preadsorption with synthetic rat 5HT6 receptor (CLERPPGTPRHPPGPPLW). Immunolabeling of western blot revealed a single band of approximately 53kD.
The 5-HT7 Receptor Antibody was raised against synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 8-23 of the rat 5-HT7 receptor coupled to carrier protein with glutaraldehyde. The ImmunoStar 5-HT7 receptor antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat cortex and hippocampus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/100 - 1/300 in PBS - biotin/avidin-HRP Technique. Note: use of Triton X-100 or other detergents is not recommended. The antibody was characterized by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical staining of rat brain correlates well with Northern blot analysis, in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography studies. Immunolabeling is completely abolished by preadsorption with synthetic rat 5-HT7 receptor (8-23). BlastP database sequence homology searches indicate that the amino acid sequence is unique to rat 5-HT7A, 5-HT7B and 5-HT7C. There is also significant sequence overlap with the mouse and human forms.
The 5-HT BSA/Conjugate Control was prepared by cross-linking 5-HT creatinine sulfate complex to BSA with paraformaldehyde. Pre-adsorption of Serotonin antisera, diluted according to the antibody specification sheet, with 20 µg/ml Serotonin/BSA conjugate following the instructions below provides complete blockage of Serotonin immunolabeling. The conjugate is provided as 50 µg of lyophilized Serotonin creatinine sulfate coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde.
The 5-HT Goat Rabbit Antibody was raised against serotonin coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The ImmunoStar serotonin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat hypothalamus and spinal cord using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/400 - 1/800 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 Technique and 1/5000 - 1/10,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Bn/Av-HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 100 µg of serotonin/BSA conjugate.
The 5-HT Rabbit Antibody was raised against serotonin coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The ImmunoStar serotonin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat hypothalamus, raphe nuclei and spinal cord using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/1,000-1/2,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 Technique and 1/20,000-1/40,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - biotin/avidin-HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 25 ug of serotonin/BSA. Cross reactivity of Serotonin antisera was examined. With 5µg, 10µg and 25µg amounts the following substances did not react with Serotonin antisera diluted 1/20,000 using the Bn-SA/HRP labeling method: 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxyindole -3- acetic acid, and dopamine.
The 5-HT Transporter was raised to a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 579-599 of rat 5HT transporter coupled to KLH. The ImmunoStar serotonin (5HT) transporter was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat raphe nuclei, hypothalamus, cortex and spinal cord using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions for these methods are 1/800 - 1/1,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 and 1/10,000 - 1/15,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Biotin/avidin-HRP. By Western blot analysis using rat brain extracts of cortex, hypothalamus, midbrain, and hindbrain, the antibody specifically labels a single band. Immunolabeling is completely abolished by pre-adsorption with synthetic rat 5HT transporter (602-622).
The peptide control for 5-HT Transporter is intended for the immuno-adsorption of 5-HT Transporter antiserum, catalog number 24330. Pre-adsorption of 5-HT Transporter antiserum, diluted according to the antibody specification sheet, with 5 µg/ml 5-HT Transporter peptide immunogen following the instructions below provides complete blockage of 5-HT Transporter immunolabeling. The peptide is provided as 25 µg of lyophilized rat 5-HT Transporter, sequence 602-622. Please read the instructions carefully before beginning the procedure.
The 5-HT Transporter Peptide Control: rat 5-HT Transporter, sequence 579-599. Pre-adsorption of 5-HT Transporter antiserum, diluted according to the antibody specification sheet, with 5 µg/ml 5-HT Transporter peptide immunogen following the instructions below provides complete blockage of 5-HT Transporter immunolabeling. The peptide is provided as 25 µg of lyophilized rat 5-HT Transporter, sequence 602-622.
5-mC (5-methylcystosine) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine. Methylation may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription. Alternative names: 5 Me citidine, 5 Methycytosine, 5 Me Cytidine, methyl CpG.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Mouse, broad species range
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated molecule: 5-methylcytosine (5-mC)
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), Immunofluorescence (IF), immunoprecipitation (IP), FISH (FISH), MeDIP (methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (IP)
5-mC (5-methylcystosine) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine. Methylation may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription. Alternative names: 5 Me citidine, 5 Methycytosine, 5 Me Cytidine, methyl CpG.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Mouse, plants, broad species range
Immunogen:
OVA-conjugated molecule: 5-methylcytosine (5-mC)
Applications:
immunofluorescence (IF), MeDIP (methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (IP)
5-mC (5-methylcystosine) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine. Methylation may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription. Alternative names: 5 Me citidine, 5 Methycytosine, 5 Me Cytidine, methyl CpG.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Mouse, broad species range
Immunogen:
OVA-conjugated molecule: 5-methylcytosine (5-mC)
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), MeDIP/MeDIP-seq (methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (IP)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
This antibody is purified by gel filtration and is present in PBS containing 0.05 % sodium azide. This antibody is very suitable for MeDIP/MeDIP-seq (methylated DNA immunoprecipitation) applications.
DNA methylation is a type of chemical modification of DNA that can be inherited and subsequently removed without changing the original DNA sequence. Therefore it is part of the epigenetic code and is also the most well characterized epigenetic mechanism. DNA methylation results in addition of a methyl group to DNA — for example, to the number 5 carbon of the cytosine pyrimidine ring — which involves reduction in gene expression. In adult somatic tissues, DNA methylation typically occurs in a CpG dinucleotide context; non-CpG methylation is prevalent in embryonic stem cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Purified IgM in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol, filter sterilized.
Selected references:
Sharif et al. (2007) The SRA protein Np95 mediates epigenetic inheritance by recruiting Dnmt1 to methylated DNA. Nature. 2007 Dec 6;450(7171):908-12. doi: 10.1038/nature06397. Epub 2007 Nov 11. PMID: 17994007.Nishiyama et al. (2002) A chloroplast-resident DNA methyltransferase is responsible for hypermethylation of chloroplast genes in Chlamydomonas maternal gametes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 30;99(9):5925-30. doi: 10.1073/pnas.082120199. PMID: 11983892; PMCID: PMC122878.Sano, Imokawa & Sager (1988) Detection of heavy methylation in human repetitive DNA subsets by a monoclonal antibody against 5-methylcytosine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1988 Nov 10;951(1):157-65. doi: 10.1016/0167-4781(88)90036-x. PMID: 2847796.Sano, Royer & Sager (1980) Identification of 5-methylcytosine in DNA fragments immobilized on nitrocellulose paper. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3581-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3581. PMID: 6251470; PMCID: PMC349661.
DNA methylation is a type of chemical modification of DNA that can be inherited and subsequently removed without changing the original DNA sequence. Therefore it is part of the epigenetic code and is also the most well characterized epigenetic mechanism. DNA methylation results in addition of a methyl group to DNA — for example, to the number 5 carbon of the cytosine pyrimidine ring — which involves reduction in gene expression. In adult somatic tissues, DNA methylation typically occurs in a CpG dinucleotide context; non-CpG methylation is prevalent in embryonic stem cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is formed from the DNA methylation of the 5-carbon found on the cytosine ring. A 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody is a useful tool in identifying and discriminating between the unmodified cytosine base (C) and the methylated cytosine base (5-mC) as part of DNA methylation studies. DNA methylation plays an important role in the repression of transcription in the genome. When present in promoter regions, 5-mC is associated with stable transcriptional silencing which results in inactivation of gene function, thereby having an important role in tumorigenesis.
5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is formed from the DNA methylation of the 5-carbon found on the cytosine ring. A 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody is a useful tool in identifying and discriminating between the unmodified cytosine base (C) and the methylated cytosine base (5-mC) as part of DNA methylation studies. DNA methylation plays an important role in the repression of transcription in the genome. When present in promoter regions, 5-mC is associated with stable transcriptional silencing which results in inactivation of gene function, thereby having an important role in tumorigenesis.
5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is formed from the DNA methylation of the 5-carbon found on the cytosine ring. A 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody is a useful tool in identifying and discriminating between the unmodified cytosine base (C) and the methylated cytosine base (5-mC) as part of DNA methylation studies. DNA methylation plays an important role in the repression of transcription in the genome. When present in promoter regions, 5-mC is associated with stable transcriptional silencing which results in inactivation of gene function, thereby having an important role in tumorigenesis.
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Olea europaea L.
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide chosen from available beta-conglutin sequences.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Zafra et al. (2018). Histological features of the olive seed and presence of 7S-type seed storage proteins as hallmarks of the olive fruit development. Front. Plant Sci., 12 October 2018 |
Oxidative derivate of guanosine is called 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8OHdG) and is used as a popular biomarker of oxidative stress.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Recognizes markers of oxidative damage to DNA (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanine and 8-hydroxyguanosine)
Immunogen:
8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and – casein conjugates
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAP), Immunohistochemistry on frozen tissue and paraffin-embedded (IHC-Fr-P)
Protocol for immunostaining using this antibody can be found here.
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Poborilova et al. (2015). DNA hypomethylation concomitant with the overproduction of ROS induced by naphthoquinone juglone on tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Volume 113, May 2015, Pages 28–39.Haigh and Drew (2015). Cavitation during the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) method - The trigger for de novo prion generation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Apr 17. pii: S0006-291X(15)00726-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.048.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 0,65 mg/ml
Oxidative derivate of guanosine is called 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8OHdG) and is used as a popular biomarker of oxidative stress.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Recognizes markers of oxidative damage to DNA (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanine and 8-hydroxyguanosine)
Immunogen:
8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and – casein conjugates
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAP), Immunohistochemistry on frozen tissue and paraffin-embedded (IHC-Fr-P)
Protocol for immunostaining using this antibody can be found here.
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Poborilova et al. (2015). DNA hypomethylation concomitant with the overproduction of ROS induced by naphthoquinone juglone on tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Volume 113, May 2015, Pages 28–39.Haigh and Drew (2015). Cavitation during the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) method - The trigger for de novo prion generation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Apr 17. pii: S0006-291X(15)00726-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.048.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 0,65 mg/ml
8-hydroxy-2-deoxy Guanosine (8-OHdG) is produced by the oxidative damage of DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and serves as an established marker of oxidative stress. 1-4 Hydroxylation of guanosine occurs in response to both normal metabolic processes and a variety of environmental factors (i.e., anything that increases reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Increased levels of 8-OHdG are associated with the aging process as well as with a number of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, and hypertension.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
8-OHdG in cell culture, plasma, urine or other samples
A large polypeptide Lcm with a few phycocyanobilin chromophores which acts as a terminal energy acceptor and as a linker polypeptide between the phycobilisomes and the photosynthetic reaction centres (PS2).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Redlinger & Gantt (1982) A Mr 95,000 polypeptide in Porphyridium cruentum phycobilisomes and thylakoids: PNAS 79:5542.Redlinger & Gantt (1981). Phycobilisome structure of Porphyridium cruentum. Plant Physiol. 68:1375.
Special application note:
Anabaena sp. sample can serve as a negative control, as under nitrogen deficient conditions phycobiliproteins are going to be lost. Overall sample quality is of crucial importance and in older or not properly stored samples, phycobiliproteins will undergo proteolytic degradation.
RNA polymerase I is a nuclear located DNA-dependent enzyme involved in RNA elongation and regulation of transcription. In yeast subunit A12.2 has been described as homologous to the Rpb9 subunit from polymerase II.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from the Arabidopsis thaliana A12.2 (At3g25940) protein sequence. This sequence is only weakly conserved in other eukaryotic sequences available in the databases.
This antibody is specific for A12,2 subunit of RNA polymerase I but NOT RNA polymerase II or IV from Arabidopsis thaliana
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 143 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
13,6 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
This product has previously been labelled as anti-At3g25940 transcription factor S-II (TFIIS) domain-containing protein.Protocol for isolation of cytosolic and nuclear fractions can be found here.
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A1 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A1 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-Bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A1 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A1 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A1 ?-Casein in UHT (Ultra High Temperature) treated milk or long life milk, organic pasteurized and homogenized full cream milk, fresh pasteurized and homogenized milk, cold-pressed raw milk (non-pasteurized, non-homogenized), and biodynamic full-cream whole milk. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A2 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A1
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A1 Beta casein (A1) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A1 Beta Casein; A1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A1 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A1 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 3 ng/mL A1 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10))
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A2 beta-Casein
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A1 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A1 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-Bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A1 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A1 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A1 ?-Casein in UHT (Ultra High Temperature) treated milk or long life milk, organic pasteurized and homogenized full cream milk, fresh pasteurized and homogenized milk, cold-pressed raw milk (non-pasteurized, non-homogenized), and biodynamic full-cream whole milk. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A2 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A1
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A1 Beta casein (A1) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A1 Beta Casein; A1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A1 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A1 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 3 ng/mL A1 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10)).
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A2 beta-Casein.
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A1 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A1 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-Bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A1 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A1 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A1 ?-Casein in UHT (Ultra High Temperature) treated milk or long life milk, organic pasteurized and homogenized full cream milk, fresh pasteurized and homogenized milk, cold-pressed raw milk (non-pasteurized, non-homogenized), and biodynamic full-cream whole milk. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A2 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A1
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A1 Beta casein (A1) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A1 Beta Casein; A1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A1 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A1 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 3 ng/mL A1 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10)).
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A2 beta-Casein.
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A1 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A1 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-Bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A1 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A1 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A1 ?-Casein in UHT (Ultra High Temperature) treated milk or long life milk, organic pasteurized and homogenized full cream milk, fresh pasteurized and homogenized milk, cold-pressed raw milk (non-pasteurized, non-homogenized), and biodynamic full-cream whole milk. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A2 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A1
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A1 Beta casein (A1) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A1 Beta Casein; A1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A1 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A1 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 3 ng/mL A1 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10))
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A2 beta-Casein
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A2 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A2 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A2 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A2 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A2 ?-Casein in full cream milk, skim milk and reconstituted A2 milk powder. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A1 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A2
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A2 Beta casein (A2) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A2 Beta Casein; A2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A2 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A2 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 2 ng/mL A2 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10))
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A1 beta-Casein
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A2 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A2 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A2 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A2 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A2 ?-Casein in full cream milk, skim milk and reconstituted A2 milk powder. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A1 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A2
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A2 Beta casein (A2) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A2 Beta Casein; A2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A2 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A2 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 2 ng/mL A2 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10))
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A1 beta-Casein.
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A2 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A2 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A2 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A2 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A2 ?-Casein in full cream milk, skim milk and reconstituted A2 milk powder. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A1 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A2
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A2 Beta casein (A2) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A2 Beta Casein; A2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A2 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A2 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 2 ng/mL A2 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10)).
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A1 beta-Casein.
?-Casein is expressed as 13 genetic variants resulting from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CSN2 gene. The most frequent genetic variants in western dairy breeds are ?-Casein A1 and ?-Casein A2. The two types of ?-Casein protein, A1 and A2, differ by a single-point mutation at amino acid position 82 (P82/H82). The Biosensis Bovine A2 ?-Casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of the bovine A2 ?-Casein isoform in 5 hours. This kit consists of a pre-coated rabbit anti-bovine ?-Casein polyclonal capture antibody, a chicken anti-bovine A2 ?-Casein detection antibody and a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated donkey anti-chicken IgY antibody. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5' -tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a coloured reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of Bovine A2 ?-Casein present in samples and protein standards. Extensive validation has shown accurate quantification of A2 ?-Casein in full cream milk, skim milk and reconstituted A2 milk powder. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions. The A1 isoform is not detected in this ELISA assay.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Bovine
Immunogen:
Purified bovine beta Casein and peptide specific peptides for A2
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of A2 Beta casein (A2) in Bovine Milk. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
CSN2; Bovine A2 Beta Casein; A2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt unopened.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate(s), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer, stop solution and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Bovine A2 beta-casein
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
3.1 - 200 ng/mL
Sample Type:
Bovine Milk
Sensitivity:
This bovine A2 beta-casein ELISA kit detects a minimum of 2 ng/mL A2 beta-casein in assay buffer (defined as A1 concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviations of the blank OD (n=10)).
Cross Reactivity:
No cross-reactivity is observed with bovine A1 beta-Casein.
aadA - aminoglycoside 3"adenyltransferase is an enzyme with nucleotidyltransferase activity. Plastid transformation in tobacco involves expression of aadA cassette, which confers resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin and allows for transformat selection.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
aadA casesette in Nicotiana tabacum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Kluyvera ascorbata, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Worthington, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia sp., Shigella flexneri Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from known aadA1 protein sequences
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lauersen et a. (2018). Phototrophic production of heterologous diterpenoids and a hydroxy-functionalized derivative from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Metab Eng. 2018 Jul 12;49:116-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.07.005.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
aadA - aminoglycoside 3"adenyltransferase is an enzyme with nucleotidyltransferase activity. Plastid transformation in tobacco involves expression of aadA cassette, which confers resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin and allows for transformat selection. This antibody is directly conjugated to ALP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
aadA casesette in Nicotiana tabacum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Kluyvera ascorbata, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Worthington, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia sp., Shigella flexneriSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from known aadA1 protein sequences
aadA - aminoglycoside 3"adenyltransferase is an enzyme with nucleotidyltransferase activity. Plastid transformation in tobacco involves expression of aadA cassette, which confers resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin and allows for transformat selection. This antibody is directly conjugated to Biotin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
aadA casesette in Nicotiana tabacum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Kluyvera ascorbata, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Worthington, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia sp., Shigella flexneriSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from known aadA1 protein sequences
aadA - aminoglycoside 3"adenyltransferase is an enzyme with nucleotidyltransferase activity. Plastid transformation in tobacco involves expression of aadA cassette, which confers resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin and allows for transformat selection. This antibody is directly conjugated to HRP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
aadA casesette in Nicotiana tabacum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Kluyvera ascorbata, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Worthington, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia sp., Shigella flexneriSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from known aadA1 protein sequences
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone involved in different physiological responses as stimulation of the closure of stomata (water stress brings about an increase in ABA synthesis), iInhibition of shoot growth, and many others. ABA shown to have both inhibitory as well as many promoting functions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Abscisic acid (C1)
Expected Species:
Abscisic acid (C1)
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated abscisic acid (C1) via C1 carboxyl group
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone involved in different physiological responses as stimulation of the closure of stomata (water stress brings about an increase in ABA synthesis), iInhibition of shoot growth, and many others. ABA shown to have both inhibitory as well as many promoting functions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Abscisic acid (C1) in Arabidopsis thaliana, Eucalyptus globulus, Petunia hybrida L., Pinus radiata, Populus trichocarpa
Expected Species:
Abscisic acid (C1)
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated abscisic acid (C1) via C1 carboxyl group
The antibody will recognize either the ABA conjugated to glucose ester (ABA-GE) or the ABA precursor: abscisic acid aldehyde, ABA aldehyde is however not usually present in plant tissue similarly to ABA alcohol which is also reactive, The antibodies will predominantly recognize only ABA and its glucosylester
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS with 50 % glycerol.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wojciechowska et al. (2020). Abscisic Acid and Jasmonate Metabolisms Are Jointly Regulated During Senescence in Roots and Leaves of Populus trichocarpa. Int J Mol Sci , 21 (6) Dinis et al. (2018). Kaolin modulates ABA and IAA dynamics and physiology of grapevine under Mediterranean summer stress. J Plant Physiol. 2018 Jan;220:181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.11.007. Kovaleva et al. (2017). ABA and IAA control microsporogenesis in Petunia hybrida L. Protoplasma. 2017 Nov 13. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1185-x. Escand n et al. (2016). Integrated physiological and hormonal profile of heat-induced thermotolerance in Pinus radiata. Tree Physiol. 2016 Jan;36(1):63-77. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpv127. Epub 2016 Jan 12.Ondzighi-Assoume et al. (2016). Environmental Nitrate Stimulates Root Tip Abscisic Acid Accumulation via Release from Inactive Stores. Plant Cell. 2016 Feb 17. pii: TPC2015-00946-RA.Jesus et al. (2015). Salicylic acid application modulates physiological and hormonal changes in Eucalyptus globulus under water deficit. Environ and Exp Botany, Volume 118, October 2015, Pages 56–66.Lacuesta et al. (2013). Immunolocalization of IAA and ABA in roots and needles of radiata pine (Pinus radiata) during drought and rewatering. Tree Physiol. May;33(5):537-49.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (1-11) peptide DAEFRHDSGYE
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (1-11) peptide DAEFRHDSGYE
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein P05067
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (1-42) protein, Amino acid sequence: D-A-E-F-R-H-D-S-G-Y-E-V-H-H-Q-K-L-V-F-F-A-E-D-V-G-S-N-K-G-A-I-I-G-L-M-V-G-G-V-V-I-A
Applications:
Dot Blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalization (IL), Western blot (WB)
The antibody can detect Abeta (1-42), Abeta (1-28) Abeta (1-20) and Abeta (1-17), This product exhibits a low reactivity to monomeric Abeta (1-42) as determined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting,Immunolocalization: human tissue was paraffin-embedded and sectioned, De-waxed and rehydrated in an ethanol gradient, Antigens were retrieved in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6) at 95 C for 1 h, The tissue sections were separately incubated for 1 h at RT with primary antibody and antibody binding was visualized with IgG Preoxidase Reagent Kit
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (DB), 1 : 3000 (ELISA), 1-2 l/ml (IL)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
4,5 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lindhagen-Persson et al. (2010). Amyloid-β oligomer specificity mediated by the IgM isotype--implications for a specific protective mechanism exerted by endogenous auto-antibodies. PLoS One. 2010 Nov 10;5(11):e13928. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013928.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein P05067
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (1-42) protein, Amino acid sequence: D-A-E-F-R-H-D-S-G-Y-E-V-H-H-Q-K-L-V-F-F-A-E-D-V-G-S-N-K-G-A-I-I-G-L-M-V-G-G-V-V-I-A
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein P05067
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (1-42) protein, Amino acid sequence: D-A-E-F-R-H-D-S-G-Y-E-V-H-H-Q-K-L-V-F-F-A-E-D-V-G-S-N-K-G-A-I-I-G-L-M-V-G-G-V-V-I-A
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A hallmark of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients. The plaques predominantly consist of aggregates of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide of 39-42 amino acids generated in vivo by specific, proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Porcine, Rabbit
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide chosen from human Abeta (18-30) peptide VFFAEDVGSNKGA
ABF3 (Abscisic acid-insensitive 5-like 6) binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) and mediates stress-responsive ABA signaling.Alternative names: Abscisic acid responsive elements-binding factor 3, ABRE-binding factor 3, Dc3 promoter-binding factor 5, AtDPBF5, bZIP transcription factor 37, AtbZIP37
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
ABI1 is a key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. It regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane, drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. Expressed in seeds and seedlings. Confined to lateral root caps and columella cells in roots. Induced by low temperature, drought, high salt, ABA and ethylene. Activates/represses SnRK2.6/SRK2E/OST1 in response to ABA-dependent stimuli. Alternative names: ABI1, ABA INSENSITIVE 1, AtABI1, Protein phosphatase 2C 56, AtPP2C56, PP2C56.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles,Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana ABI1 sequence UniProt: P49597, TAIR: AT4G26080. Chosen peptide is not present in AtABI2.
Important note: blocking with more than 3 % skimmed milk will result in lack of signal for this antibody
Application Details:
5 g (IP for a 200 ul of a cell extract), 3 g (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
47,5 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Mitula et al. (2015). Arabidopsis ABA-Activated Kinase MAPKKK18 is Regulated by Protein Phosphatase 2C ABI1 and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. Plant Cell Physiol. 2015 Dec;56(12):2351-67. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcv146. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Special application note:
It is of crucial importance to chose a material in which ABI1 protein is highly expressed like seeds or senescent leaf. This protein could not be detected using this antibody in plants grown under optimal (non stressed) conditions, The antibody detects both, recombinant and endogenous ABI1 proteins.
Protein Abscisic acid-insensitive 2 (ABI2) is a represor of the ABA signaling pathway, regulating various ABA responses like: stomatal closure, osmotic water permability of the plasma membrane, high light stress, response to glucose, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. Involved in acquired thermotolerance. Alternative names: ABA INSENSITIVE 2, ABI2, ATABI2, Protein phosphatase 2C 77, AtPP2C77, At5g57050, MHM17_19, MHM17.19, PP2C ABI2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from N-terminus of Arabidopsis thaliana ABI2 sequence, UniProt: O04719, ,TAIR: AT5G57050 chosen peptide is not conserved in ABI1
ABI2 antibodies recognize recombiant StrepTag-ABI2, ABI2-GST, His-ABI2. ABI2 protein is easily degraded therefore extraction buffer needs to contain protease inhibotors, example of such inhibitor coctail can be found here.To detect endogenous ABI2 plant material needs to be subjected to stress before harvesting.
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
46 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Mitula et al. (2015). Arabidopsis ABA-Activated Kinase MAPKKK18 is Regulated by Protein Phosphatase 2C ABI1 and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. Plant Cell Physiol. 2015 Dec;56(12):2351-67. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcv146. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
ABI4 (Abscisic acid insensitive 4) is a transcription factor involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors. Confers sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) and regulates the ABA signaling pathway during seed germination upon nitrate-mediated lateral root inhibition, in hexokinase-dependent sugar responses (including feed-back regulation of photosynthesis and mobilization of storage lipid during germination), and in response to osmotic stress mediated by NaCl, KCl or mannitol. Plays a role in sucrose sensing or signaling, especially at low fluence far red light. ABI4 gene is expressed most abundantly in developing sliliques and to a lesser degree in seedlings. Alternative names: ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 4, ABI4, GLUCOSE INSENSITIVE 6, GIN6, IMPAIRED SUCROSE INDUCTION 3, ISI3, SALOBRENO 5,SAN5, SUCROSE UNCOUPLED 6, SUN6, SUGAR INSENSITIVE 5, SIS5, ERF ABI4, Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ABI4, ERF052, At2g40220, T7M7_16, T7M7.16.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana (recombinant ABI4)
Expected Species:
Arachis duranensis, Brassica oleracea, Camelia sativa, Carica papaya, Cicer arietinum, Cinnamomum micranthum f. kanehirae, Citrus clementina, Coffea arabica, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Eutrema salsugineum, Fragaria vesca, Glycine soja, Lupinus angustifolius, Malus domestica, Medicago truncatula, Morus notabilis, Nicotiana attenuata, Nicotiana tabacum, Papaver somniferum, Pyrus x bretschneideri, Sesamum indicum, Tarenaya hassleriana, Theobroma cacao, Trifolium pratenseSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
ABI5 (abscisic acid insensitive 5) is involved in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage and acts as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Alternative names: ABI5, ABA INSENSITIVE 5, GIA1, GROWTH-INSENSITIVITY TO ABA 1, Dc3 promoter-binding factor 1, AtDPBF1, GROWTH-INSENSITIVITY TO ABA 1, bZIP transcription factor 39, AtbZIP39.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica oleracea Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant HIS-tagged, full length ABI5 in gel slice, of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q9SJN0-1, TAIR: At2g36270, overexpressed in E.coli
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Stone et al. (2006). KEEP ON GOING, a RING E3 ligase essential for Arabidopsis growth and development, is involved in abscisic acid signaling. Plant Cell. 2006 Dec;18(12):3415-28.
ABI5 (abscisic acid insensitive 5) is involved in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage and acts as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Alternative names: ABI5, ABA INSENSITIVE 5, GIA1, GROWTH-INSENSITIVITY TO ABA 1, Dc3 promoter-binding factor 1, AtDPBF1, GROWTH-INSENSITIVITY TO ABA 1, bZIP transcription factor 39, AtbZIP39.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica napus, Populus trichocarpaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
ABI5 protein is present in very low levels therefore specific material should be used for analysis as well as chemiluminescence detection reagent in extreme low femtogram range, as AgriseraECLSuperBright.
Application Details:
1: 140 (IL), 1 : 200 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water to each tube
Molecular Weight:
47 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
MG132 is recommened to be added to extraction buffer as ABI5 is degraded by proteasome as well as homogenization with thiourea and bead beater. Protocol for protein extraction from seeds can be requested here.
ABP1 is an auxin receptor which regulates polar auxin transport. It is involved in the shade avoidance responsse, controls cell division and elongation, controls the size of a root meristem and madiates auxin responsivness. ABP1 promotes endocytosis via clathrin recruitment and restricts PIN internalization upon auxin binding via inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
ABP1 is an auxin receptor which regulates polar auxin transport. It is involved in the shade avoidance responsse, controls cell division and elongation, controls the size of a root meristem and madiates auxin responsivness. ABP1 promotes endocytosis via clathrin recruitment and restricts PIN internalization upon auxin binding via inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Brown & Jones (1994). Mapping the auxin-binding site of Auxin-binding protein. 1 J Biol Chem 269: 21138-21140, Jones & Herman (1993). KDEL-Containing Auxin-Binding Protein 1 is Secreted to the Plasma Membrane and Cell Wall. Plant Physiol. 101: 595-606, Jones et al. (1991) Red light-regulated growth. I. Changes in the abundance of indoleacetic acid and a 22-kilodalton auxin-binding protein in maize mesocotyl. Plant Physiol 97: 352-358
ABP1 is an auxin receptor which regulates polar auxin transport. It is involved in the shade avoidance responsse, controls cell division and elongation, controls the size of a root meristem and madiates auxin responsivness. ABP1 promotes endocytosis via clathrin recruitment and restricts PIN internalization upon auxin binding via inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
ABP4 is an auxin receptor which regulates polar auxin transport.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles,Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Zea mays
Expected Species:
Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated peptide derived from Zea mays ABP4 sequence, UniProt: P33488
ACA2 (Calcium-transporting ATPase 2) is a magnesium-dependent enzyme ((EC:3.6.3.8), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum. Alternative name: Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform 2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
GST-fusion of ACA2 peptide, purified by SDS-PAGE of Arabidopsis thaliana ACA2 protein sequence, UniProt: O81108, TAIR: AT4G37640
ACA2 can be found in a good levels in: roots and flowers while the levels in leaves and siliques are very low. Harper et al. 1998.This antibody is recognizing both full length and trunctated forms.
Application Details:
1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
110 | 110 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Hwang et al. (2000). Calmodulin activation of an endoplasmic reticulum-located calcium pump involves an interaction with the N-terminal autoinhibitory domain.Plant Physiol. 2000 Jan;122(1):157-68.Hwang et al. (2000). Calmodulin activation of an endoplasmic reticulum-located calcium pump involves an interaction with the N-terminal autoinhibitory domain.Plant Physiol. 2000 Jan;122(1):157-68.Harper et al. (1998). A novel calmodulin-regulated Ca2+-ATPase (ACA2) from Arabidopsis with an N-terminal autoinhibitory domain. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):1099-106. (this paper contains a blot of tissue specific expression of ACA2).Harper et al. (1998). A novel calmodulin-regulated Ca2+-ATPase (ACA2) from Arabidopsis with an N-terminal autoinhibitory domain. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 9;273(2):1099-106. (this paper contains a blot of tissue specific expression of ACA2)
ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone ethylene. It is synthesized by the enzyme ACC synthase ( EC 4.4.1.14) from methionine and converted to ethylene by ACC oxidase (EC 1.14.17.4).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Details of used immunogold protocol are provided under an image
Application Details:
1 : 100 (IG)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wilmowicz et al. (2019). Abscisic acid and ethylene in the control of nodule-specific response on drought in yellow lupine. Environmental and Experimental Botany Available online 2 October 2019, 103900.Serova et al. (2018). Early nodule senescence is activated in symbiotic mutants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) forming ineffective nodules blocked at different nodule developmental stages. Protoplasma. 2018 Apr 3. doi: 10.1007/s00709-018-1246-9.
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene. (EC:4.4.1.14). Synonymes: S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase 7.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
ACC synthase 8 belongs to a group fo enzymes which catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene. ACS8 is auxin inducible. Alternative names: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 8, ACC synthase 8, S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase 8.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Acd1 (accelerated cell death 1) EC=1.14.12.20 is an enzyme involved in chlorophyll breakdown, pheophorbide a oxygenase. This enzyme seems to induce cell death in Arabidopsis leaves in the dark. Synonymes:PaO, Lls1, lethal leaf-spot 1 homolog, pheide a oxygenase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica napus, Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana tabacum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant PaO from Arabidopsis thaliana Q9FYC2, At3g44880
This antibody works on total cell extracts and can be used as a senescence marker. Predicted size of Acd1 precursor protein is about 61 kD including the transit peptide, but it must be processed to a smaller size. Using fresh extracts is recommended to decrease possible cross-reaction with Rubisco.
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
61 | 54 kDa
Not reactive in:
Pinus strobus
Selected references:
Fukura et al. (2021) Enrichment of chlorophyll catabolic enzymes in grana margins and their cooperation in catabolic reactions. J Plant Physiol. 2021 Nov;266:153535. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153535. Epub 2021 Sep 25. PMID: 34607178.Kim et al. (2013). Mutation of the Arabidopsis NAC016 Transcription Factor Delays Leaf Senescence.'Plant Cell Physiol. Aug 21.Nagane et al. (2010). Involvement of AtNAP1 in thre reulation of chlorophyll degradation in Arabiopsis thaliana. Planta (4):939-949.Hirashima et al. (2009). Light-independent cell death induced by accumulation of pheophorbide a in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. (4):719-729.
Special application note:
The protein level is moderately induced during dark-induced senescence
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
recombinant sHSP with ACD domain
Expected Species:
ACD domain of sHSP
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from sequences of ACD domain
Glucomannan is a water soluble polysaccharide which is found in secondary cell walls of some plant species.This antibody recognizes acetylated form of glucomannan.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Post-translational modifications of proteins play critical roles in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common posttranscriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation (1). The conserved amino-terminal domains of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) contain lysines that are acetylated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylated by histone deacetylases (HDACs) (2). Protein posttranslational reversible lysine Nε-acetylation and deacetylation have been recognized as an emerging intracellular signaling mechanism that plays critical roles in regulating gene transcription, cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, DNA repair, and cytoskeletal organization (3).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine, avian
Expected Species:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
acetylated KLH
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunocytochmistry/Immunofluorescence (ICC/IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
1 g of this antibody is sufficient to detect acetylated chicken erythrocyte histones (sodium butyrate-treated) using 20 g total protein and ECL detection system
Application Details:
1 : 100 (IHC), 1 : 1000 (WB)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Vigushin & Coombes (2004). Targeted histone deacetylase inhibition for cancer therapy. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets 4: 205-218.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 1 mg/mlantibody detects Proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in ELISA and WBs, Does not detect non-acetylated lysine residues
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation.This antibody is conjugated to Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation.This antibody is conjugated to FITC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Post-translational modifications of proteins play critical roles in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common posttranscriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation (1). The conserved amino-terminal domains of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) contain lysines that are acetylated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylated by histone deacetylases (HDACs) (2). Protein posttranslational reversible lysine Nε-acetylation and deacetylation have been recognized as an emerging intracellular signaling mechanism that plays critical roles in regulating gene transcription, cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, DNA repair, and cytoskeletal organization (3).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine, avian
Expected Species:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
acetylated KLH
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunocytochmistry/Immunofluorescence (ICC/IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
1 g of this antibody is sufficient to detect acetylated chicken erythrocyte histones (sodium butyrate-treated) using 20 g total protein and ECL detection system
Application Details:
1 : 100 (IHC), 1 : 1000 (WB)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Vigushin & Coombes (2004). Targeted histone deacetylase inhibition for cancer therapy. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets 4: 205-218.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 1 mg/mlantibody detects Proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in ELISA and WBs, Does not detect non-acetylated lysine residues
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of lysine involves acetylation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C for 1 year; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias, No reaction to non-acetylated proteins
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Mannan is one of the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the wall of higher plants. It comprises linear or branched polymers derived from sugars such as D-mannose, D-galactose, and D-glucose.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
gum and acetylated mannan from Lycopersicum esculentum
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2015). Insights into plant cell wall structure, architecture, and integrity using glycome profiling of native and AFEXTM-pre-treated biomass. J Exp Bot. Jul;66(14):4279-94.doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv107.
Chicken anti-Acetyl-lysine Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA.
Background Info:
Lysine acetylation of histones and non-histone proteins plays an important part in many cellular processes such as chromatin and nuclear signaling, transcription, gene silencing, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, differentiation, DNA replication and repair.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Species Independent
Immunogen:
Acetylated Lysine OVA
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
ELISA and WB. Suggested dilution of 1:1,000-1:5,000. Biosensis recommends that the optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Acetyl-lysine;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Binds to proteins with acetylated lysine residues.
Storage:
Short term storage at 2-8°C for one week. At -20°C as an undiluted liquid for up to 12 months.
Rabbit anti-Acetyl Lysine Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB.
Background Info:
Lysine acetylation of histones and non-histone proteins plays an important part in many cellular processes such as chromatin and nuclear signaling, transcription, gene silencing, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, differentiation, DNA replication and repair.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Species Independent
Immunogen:
Acetylated Lysine OVA
Applications:
WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
WB. Suggested dilution of 1:1,000-1:5,000. Biosensis recommends that the optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Acetyl-lysine;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Binds to proteins with acetylated lysine residues.
Storage:
Short term storage at 2-8°C for one week. At -20°C as an undiluted liquid for up to 12 months.
Aconitase is a single subunit enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (or Krebs cycle) in the mitochondria. A cytosolic isoform is also part of the glyoxylate cycle. Aconitase catalyzes the dehydration / hydration of citrate to iso-citrate, via cis-aconitate as an intermediate. The reaction is facilitated by an iron-sulphur cluster in the active site of the enzyme. The iron-sulphur cluster is somewhat unstable, especially under oxidative stress, and loss of the cofactor leads to degradation of the protein.Alternative names: ACO, citrate hydro-lyase 1,2,3
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana ACO1,ACO2 and ACO3 isoforms, Brassica oleracea, Solanum lycopersicum
Expected Species:
Cucurbita maxima, Hordeum vulgare, Nicotiana tabacum, Ricinus communis, Solanum tuberosum, Vitis vinifera, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Picea sitcHensis, Populus trichocarpaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Arabidopsis ACO1 (AT4G35830, Q42560), codon 120 – 898 (C-terminus), was cloned in fusion with a N-terminal 6xHis tag, and over-expressed in E. coli. All recombinant protein accumulated in inclusion bodies, which were purified by centrifugation and solubilised in 6 M guanidine-HCl. The protein was refolded by dilution in 100 mM Tris-HCl 8.5, 10% (v/v) glycerol, 2 mM dithiothreitol, and concentrated prior to immunisation.
The antibody recognises all three Arabidopsis aconitase isoforms (ACO1, ACO2 and ACO3, see Bernard et al 2009), Possible differences in affinity have not been precisely quantified, Sensitivity threshold is between 2 and 10 ng for WB / ECL (see figure), Antibodies will recognize aconitase isoforms in denaturing and native gel electrophoresis
Application Details:
1 : 5 000 -1 : 10 000 (WB), At higher concentrations the antibody binds aspecifically resulting in non-specific signals around 60 kDa, including Rubisco subunits
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
98 kDa, Note that ACO1, ACO2 and ACO3 cannot be distinguished in size by standard SDS-PAGE,
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardii, cyanobacteria
Selected references:
Pascual et al (2021). ACONITASE 3 is part of the ANAC017 transcription factor-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction response, Plant Physiology, 2021;, kiab225, https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab225Przybyla-Toscano et al. (2021) Protein lipoylation in mitochondria requires Fe-S cluster assembly factors NFU4 and NFU5. Plant Physiol. 2021 Oct 28:kiab501. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab501. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34718778.Rurek et al. (2018). Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Diverse Cauliflower Cultivars under Mild and Severe Drought Involves Impaired Coordination of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Response and Regulation of Various Multifunctional Proteins. Preprints 2018, 2018010276 (doi: 10.20944/preprints201801.0276.v1).Seti n et al. (2014). Root phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and NAD-malic enzymes activity increase the ammonium-assimilating capacity in tomato. J Plant Physiol. 171:49-63.Birke et al. (2012). Cysteine biosynthesis, in concert with a novel mechanism, contributes to sulfide detoxification in mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem J. May 2, ahead of print.
Special application note:
Arabidopsis expresses three highly similar aconitase isozymes (ACO1/ AT4G35830, ACO2/AT4G26970 and ACO3/AT2G05710), of which ACO1 is the cytosolic isoform, while ACO2 and ACO3 are predominantly located in the mitochondria (Arnaud et al 2007, Bernard et al 2009), The combined abundance and activity of the mitochondrial aconitases is about 3 times higher than the cytosolic pool (Bernard et al 2009),The Arabidopsis isoforms are more similar in amino acid sequence to mammalian iron-regulatory proteins (IRP-1) than to the mammalian and yeast mitochondrial aconitases
ACO4 (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4) is an enzyme involved in the ethylene biosynthesis. Alternative names: ACC oxidase,Ethylene-forming enzyme,EFE.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases which play essential roles in apoptosis. Among them, Caspase 3 is a frequently activated death protease, catalyzing the specific cleavage of many key cellular proteins. Caspase 3 is synthesized as an inactive 32 kDa pro-enzyme which undergo proteolytic processing in response to apoptotic stimulation to produce the active form which consists of the p20/p17, and p12 subunits. Caspase 3 is the predominant caspase involved in the cleavage of Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is associated with neuronal death in Alzheimer ‘s disease. An antibody (named ACP3) against activated caspase 3 was raised in rabbit. This antibody recognizes the active form of human caspase 3, p20/p17 subunit but does not recognize the proenzyme p32.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse and Rat
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide corresponding to the human caspase 3 cleavage site, 6 aa (CGIETD) UniProt: P42574
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalisation (IL), Western blot (WB)
The antibody does not react with the proenzyme p32
Application Details:
1: 500 - 1: 1000 (IL), 1:3000-1:1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum. Contains 0.05 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
31,6 | 17 and 19 kDa
Selected references:
Nishimura et al (2003). Upregulation and antiapoptotic role of endogenous Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Exp Cell Res. 2003 Jun 10;286(2):241-51. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00066-1. PMID: 12749853.Nishimura et al. (2002) Cell death induced by a caspase-cleaved transmembrane fragment of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein. Cell Death Differ. 2002 Feb;9(2):199-208. doi: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400931. PMID: 11840170.
Acrylamide is a starting material for the production of polyacrylamide, that in turn is used as a filler and in the treatment of waste water, gel electrophoresis, paper production. Acrylamide is produced during heating of foods and it is found in coffee and other food products. The compound is neurotoxic and possesses endocrine disrupting properties.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cup to one month or in aliquots at -20 °C for long time storage. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Total chicken immunoglobulin antibody fraction (IgY) is present in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.2, 0.02% sodium azide as preservative.The antibody may be used in immunoaffinity chromatography for the isolation, purification and concentration of acrylamide from food samples for further analysis.
Actin is a highly conserved protein and an essential component of cell cytoskeleton and plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. Preferentially expressed in young and expanding tissues, floral organ primordia, developing seeds and emerging inflorescence.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C.Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Immunoglobulin IgG2b, Protein G purified in 0.1M Sodium Phosphate, pH 7.4. Contains 0.15M NaCl, 0.05% (w/v) sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
45 | 45 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Sultan et al. (2017). The Reverse Transcriptase/RNA Maturase Protein MatR Is Required for the Splicing of Various Group II Introns in Brassicaceae Mitochondria. Plant Cell. 2016 Nov;28(11):2805-2829.Kandasamy, M.K. et al. (2012). Plant vegetative and animal cytoplasmic actins share functional competence for spatial development with protists. Plant Cell. 24, 2012 May;24(5):2041-57. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.095281
Special application note:
This antibody is purified on a protein G column. It recognizes Arabidopsis actins ACT1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 12 and Dictyostelium actin
Actin is a highly conserved protein and an essential component of cell cytoskeleton and plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. Preferentially expressed in young and expanding tissues, floral organ primordia, developing seeds and emerging inflorescence.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (too high background for this species)
Selected references:
Czernicka et al. (2022). Proteomic Studies of Roots in Hypoxia-Sensitive and -Tolerant Tomato Accessions Reveal Candidate Proteins Associated with Stress Priming. Cells. 2022 Jan 31;11(3):500. doi: 10.3390/cells11030500. PMID: 35159309; PMCID: PMC8834170.Kumari et al. (2021) In-depth assembly of organ and development dissected Picrorhiza kurroa proteome map using mass spectrometry. BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Dec 22;21(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03394-8. PMID: 34937558; PMCID: PMC8693493.Mishra, Sahu & Shaw (2021). Insight into the cellular and physiological regulatory modulations of Class-I TCP9 to enhance drought and salinity stress tolerance in cowpea. Physiol Plant. 2021 Aug 30. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13542. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34459503.Zhuang et al (2021). EGY3 mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis and promotes retrograde signaling in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 13;36(2):109384. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109384. PMID: 34260941.Ngou et al. (2021) Mutual potentiation of plant immunity by cell-surface and intracellular receptors. Nature. 2021 Mar 10. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03315-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33692545.
Special application note:
Antibody available in 3 various pack sizes: 50, 100 and 150 l - Please inquire.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Store at -20 °C.Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Actin is a highly conserved protein and an essential component of cell cytoskeleton and plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. Preferentially expressed in young and expanding tissues, floral organ primordia, developing seeds and emerging inflorescence.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The ACTH Antibody was raised to ACTH (1-39) purified from porcine pituitary. The antibody produces a maximum fluorescein staining at a 1/100 - 1/200 dilution and a 4+ biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/500 - 1/1000 dilution in rat anterior/intermediate pituitary. Optimal dilution will vary depending upon fixation, labeling technique and/or detection system; therefore, a dilution series is recommended. The recommened dilution series are 1/100-1/200 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - FITC Technique and 1/500-1/1000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Bn-SA/HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 100 µg/mL of ACTH.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH or Corticotropin) is a peptidic hormone synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland. The primary application of Anti-ACTH is in the identification of pituitary tumours and the study of pituitary disease. The Anti-ACTH antibody reacts with ACTH-producing cells (corticotrophs). It may also cause paraneoplastic syndromes by secreting ACTH from other tumours, such as some small cell carcinomas of the lung.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC503
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56764
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Skeletal Muscle
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH or Corticotropin) is a peptidic hormone synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland. The primary application of Anti-ACTH is in the identification of pituitary tumours and the study of pituitary disease. The Anti-ACTH antibody reacts with ACTH-producing cells (corticotrophs). It may also cause paraneoplastic syndromes by secreting ACTH from other tumours, such as some small cell carcinomas of the lung.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC503
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56764
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Skeletal Muscle
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH or Corticotropin) is a peptidic hormone synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland. The primary application of Anti-ACTH is in the identification of pituitary tumours and the study of pituitary disease. The Anti-ACTH antibody reacts with ACTH-producing cells (corticotrophs). It may also cause paraneoplastic syndromes by secreting ACTH from other tumours, such as some small cell carcinomas of the lung.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC503
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56764
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Skeletal Muscle
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Mouse anti-Actin Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC, FC.
Background Info:
Actin is one of the most abundant and highly conserved proteins of eukaryotes. Mammalian actins are the product of six different genes with differing distribution patterns in cell types and in tissues. The molecular weight of all six proteins is 42 kDa, and one or more actins is found in essentially every type of crude cellular and tissue extract. As a result antibodies to actin are widely used as in western blotting standards. These can be used to verify that the various steps of the western blotting procedure have been performed correctly. In addition, actin is regarded as a "house keeping" protein which is generally not altered much in expression as a result of experimental manipulations. So quantitation of the actin band on the western is used as a standard against with the band density of other proteins can be compared. The monoclonal binds all six actin isotypes (ACTA1, ACTA2, ACTC1, ACTB, ACTG1 and ACTG2) very strongly on western blots. It is a very effective blotting standard which can work on any cell type or tissue extract. It also works in immunocytochemical experiments, binding strongly and cleanly to filopodia, membrane ruffles and stress fibers, all known to be rich in actin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Horse,Human,Pig,Rat
Immunogen:
Actin prepared from bovine brain.
Applications:
FC,ICC,WB
Clone number:
5J11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB), Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Flow cytometry. A dilution of 1:5,000 - 1:10,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500 - 1:1,000 is recommended for IC. Use 2 ug/10^6 cells for Flow cytometry. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The antibody reacts with a 42 kDa band by Western blot on a crude extract from HeLa cells. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry. It reacts across a broad range of mammalian species.
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of every cell type. It can be classified based on isoelectric points as alpha, beta, and gamma. Muscle Specific Actin includes those of the alpha and gamma isotypes. Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle cells will all stain positively with Anti-Muscle Specific Actin, but mesenchymal cells, not including myoepithelium, will stain negatively. Normal and neoplastic non-muscle cells, including vascular endothelial and connective tissues, carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas, will also be negative for muscle specific actin. The use of Anti-Muscle Specific Actin in concert with Anti-Smooth Muscle Actin can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of every cell type. It can be classified based on isoelectric points as alpha, beta, and gamma. Muscle Specific Actin includes those of the alpha and gamma isotypes. Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle cells will all stain positively with Anti-Muscle Specific Actin, but mesenchymal cells, not including myoepithelium, will stain negatively. Normal and neoplastic non-muscle cells, including vascular endothelial and connective tissues, carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas, will also be negative for muscle specific actin. The use of Anti-Muscle Specific Actin in concert with Anti-Smooth Muscle Actin can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of every cell type. It can be classified based on isoelectric points as alpha, beta, and gamma. Muscle Specific Actin includes those of the alpha and gamma isotypes. Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle cells will all stain positively with Anti-Muscle Specific Actin, but mesenchymal cells, not including myoepithelium, will stain negatively. Normal and neoplastic non-muscle cells, including vascular endothelial and connective tissues, carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas, will also be negative for muscle specific actin. The use of Anti-Muscle Specific Actin in concert with Anti-Smooth Muscle Actin can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of all cell types. Smooth muscle actin is found in myofibroblasts and myoepithelium, but not in cardiac or skeletal muscles. Labeling of smooth muscle actin in concert with muscle specific actin staining can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle-specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of all cell types. Smooth muscle actin is found in myofibroblasts and myoepithelium, but not in cardiac or skeletal muscles. Labeling of smooth muscle actin in concert with muscle specific actin staining can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle-specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of all cell types. Smooth muscle actin is found in myofibroblasts and myoepithelium, but not in cardiac or skeletal muscles. Labeling of smooth muscle actin in concert with muscle specific actin staining can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle-specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Rabbit anti-Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arg3.1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Arc (also termed activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein or Arg3.1), is an effector immediate early gene whose upregulation has been demonstrated during events of synaptic plasticity. Arg3.1 expression is detectable in neuronal cell bodies and dendrites in the brain regions including striatum and cortex hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized, containing no preservatives
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide from the C terminal of human Arg3.1 protein (ARC protein) conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein. The sequence is homologous with mouse and rat form of Arg3.1.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. A dilution of 1: 50 to 1: 1000 is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Specific for Arg3.1. Rat and Mouse. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Sodium azide or other appropriate antibacterial agent should be added if material is to be kept any length of time at 2-8°C. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arg3.1)
Rabbit anti-Activity-regulated gene 3.1 protein homolog (Arg3.1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Arc (also termed activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein or Arg3.1), is an effector immediate early gene whose upregulation has been demonstrated during events of synaptic plasticity. Arg3.1 expression is detectable in neuronal cell bodies and dendrites in the brain regions including striatum and cortex hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide from the C terminal of human Arg3.1 protein (ARC protein) conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein. The sequence is homologous with mouse and rat form of Arg3.1.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
IHC. A concentration of of 2-4 µg/mL is recommended for this application. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Specific for Arg3.1. Rat and Mouse. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Purification:
Protein G purified IgG
Target:
Activity-regulated gene 3.1 protein homolog (Arg3.1)
Rabbit anti-Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 (APPL1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
APPL1 (adaptor protein containing PH domain, PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 1) mediates adiponectin signaling in various types of cells. APPL1 is also thought to have a role in insulin signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse
Immunogen:
The C-terminus of Human APPL1 protein (amino acids: 455-709) conjugated to GST.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunoprecipitation (IP). A dilution of 1:1,000 is recommended for WB. A concentration of 3 µL/reaction is recommended for IP. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
DCC-interacting protein 13-alpha; Dip13-alpha; Adapter protein containing PH domain; PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 1; APPL1; APPL; DIP13A; KIAA1428;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antiserum is known to recognise both mouse and human APPL1.
Storage:
At least 12 months after purchase at 2-8°C (lyophilized formulations). After reconstitution, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 (APPL1)
Rabbit anti-Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 2 (APPL2) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
APPL2 is an isoform of APPL1 with 54% identity in their protein sequences. APPL2 has a role in cell proliferation and embryonic development. Recently, it was shown that APPL2 regulates FSH signaling and acts as a negative regulator in adiponectin signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. 15% glycerol
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse
Immunogen:
Mouse APPL2 protein (amino acids: 619-662) conjugated to GST.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunoprecipitation (IP). A dilution between 1:2500 and 1:5000 is recommended for WB. A concentration of 3 µL/reaction is recommended for IP. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
DCC-interacting protein 13-beta; Dip13-beta; Adapter protein containing PH domain; PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 2; APPL2; DIP13B;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antiserum is known to recognise both mouse and human APPL2.
Storage:
Aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 2 (APPL2)
Rabbit anti-Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- ase (ATPase) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) family. Type V subfamily.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (C-ELHRQEEAKQVLRYY) as part of mouse ATP13A2 protein (aa: 147-161) conjugated to KLH
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. A dilution of 1:500 to 1:2000 is recommended for this application. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Immunohistochemistry shows specific staining for ATPase. This antiserum is known to react with rat ATPase. Other species have not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- ase (ATPase) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein (By similarity). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) family. Type V subfamily.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (C-DDVHRSRHGLSLQDQ) as part of human ATP13A2 protein (aa: 195-209) conjugated to KLH
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. A dilution of 1:500 to 1:2000 is recommended for this application. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Immunohistochemistry shows specific staining for ATPase. This antiserum is known to react with rat ATPase. Other species have not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Adenylate cyclase type III (ACIII) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC, ICC.
Background Info:
Adenylate cyclases are enzymes which interact with and are activated by the GTP bound alpha subunits of trimeric G-proteins. Activated adenylate cyclases are responsible for the production of the important "second messenger" signalling molecule cyclic-AMP, which is generated from ATP. The type III adenylate cyclase enzyme is localized in the membranes surrounding the cilia in neurons, and our antibody is an excellent marker of neuronal cilia in the brain and in cells in tissue culture. Adenylate cyclase type III is a large complex molecule of, in the human, 1145 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 129 kDa. The protein may be variably glycosylated, so that on SDS-PAGE and western blots it runs as a diffuse band of about 160 kDa in cortex and about 200 kDa in olfactory epithelium. The molecule has a complex structure, with 12 transmembrane domains and two cyclase domains. Each cyclase domain is immediately C-terminal to 6 transmembrane segments, but only the second, C-terminal cyclase is believed to be catalytically active.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human (Predicted),Mouse,Other Mammals (Predicted),Rat
Immunogen:
20 amino acid peptide identical to the C-terminus of rat ACIII (amino acids PAAFPNGSSVTLPHQVVDNP)
Applications:
ICC,IHC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB), Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). A dilution of 1:1,000-1:2,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:5,000-1:10,000 is recommended for ICC and IHC. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The antibody stains a band at about 200 kDa in olfactory epithelium which is rich in cilia. Fewer cilia are found in frontal cortex, and the protein is less heavily glycosylated, and a less prominent band is seen at about 160 kDa. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry on mixed neuron/glia cultures. The antibody has been directly tested for reactivity in rat. It is expected that it will work on human due to homology with the immunogen and possibly other mammal tissues (Human, horse, cow, pig, chicken, mouse).
Storage:
Store lyophilized, unopened vial at 2-8°C or lower. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store at -20°C to -80°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) catalyses the first committed step in the synthesis of transient starch in chloroplasts and storage starch in amyloplasts in plants (Tetlow et al., 2004). AGPase in higher plants is composed of two distinct subunits encoded by separate genes, forming an L2S2 heterotetramer. The large subunits (L) are modulators of allosteric activity, while the small subunits (S) are the catalytic subunits (Kim et al., 2007). Synonymes:ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, ADP-glucose synthase, AGPase B, Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate adenyl transferase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cross reactivity of this antibody to Rubisco has been excluded using 2D gel electrophoresis.Antigen used to elicit this antbody has very poor conservation in large subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
49,4 | 52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Ma et al. (2021) A plasma membrane transporter coordinates phosphate reallocation and grain filling in cereals. Nat Genet. 2021 Apr 29. doi: 10.1038/s41588-021-00855-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33927398.Chang et al. (2020). Enhanced lipid productivity in AGP knockout marine microalga Tetraselmis sp. using a DNA-free CRISPR-Cas9 RNP method. Bioresource Technology.Volume 303, May 2020, 122932. Ancin et al. (2019). NTRC and Thioredoxin f Overexpression Differentially Induces Starch Accumulation in Tobacco Leaves.Plants (Basel). 2019 Nov 26;8(12). pii: E543. doi: 10.3390/plants8120543.Takahashi et al. (2019). Glutelin subtype-dependent protein localization in rice grain evidenced by immunodetection analyses. Plant Mol Biol. 2019 Mar 25. doi: 10.1007/s11103-019-00855-5.
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme playing a crucial role in the fermentative metabolism in plants subjected to low oxygen stress. It is known to be synthesized preferentially under low oxygen conditions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Allyl alcohol dehydrogenase of Nicotiana tabacum, accession 75206691 and in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Selected references:
Czernicka et al. (2022). Proteomic Studies of Roots in Hypoxia-Sensitive and -Tolerant Tomato Accessions Reveal Candidate Proteins Associated with Stress Priming. Cells. 2022 Jan 31;11(3):500. doi: 10.3390/cells11030500. PMID: 35159309; PMCID: PMC8834170.Ventura et al. (2020). Arabidopsis phenotyping reveals the importance of alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase for aerobic plant growth. Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 7;10(1):16669. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73704-x. PMID: 33028901; PMCID: PMC7542448.Gil-Monreal et al. (2019). ERF-VII transcription factors induce ethanol fermentation in response to amino acid biosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides. J Exp Bot. 2019 Aug 6. pii: erz355. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz355.Bui et al. (2019). Conservation of ethanol fermentation and its regulation in land plants. J Exp Bot. 2019 Feb 28. pii: erz052. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz052.De la Rosa et al. (2019), A dicistronic precursor encoding miR398 and the legume-specific miR2119 coregulates CSD1 and ADH1 mRNAs in response to water deficit. Plant Cell Environ. 2019 Jan;42(1):133-144. doi: 10.1111/pce.13209.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Alcohol dehydrogenase (E.C.:1.1.1.1) is an important enzyme for plants and microbes. In microalgae and bacteria the conversion of Acetyl-CoA to ethanol under conditions of oxygen deprivation is catalyzed by the dual function enzyme alcohol/acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH/ALDH; E.C.:1.1.1.1 /1.2.1.10). This reaction results in NAD+ recycling and allows glycolysis to proceed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kurylo et al. (2018). Endogenous rRNA Sequence Variation Can Regulate Stress Response Gene Expression and Phenotype. Cell Rep. 2018 Oct 2;25(1):236-248.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.093.Laurenceau et al. (2015). Conserved Streptococcus pneumoniae Spirosomes Suggest a Single Type of Transformation Pilus in Competence. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Apr 15;11(4):e1004835. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004835.Kukuczka et al. (2014). Proton Gradient Regulation5-Like1-Mediated Cyclic Electron Flow Is Crucial for Acclimation to Anoxia and Complementary to Nonphotochemical Quenching in Stress Adaptation. Plant Physiol. 2014 Jun 19;165(4):1604-1617.
Special application note:
Selected peptide is well conserved in Escherichia coli ADHE (P0A9Q7), most of the microbial dual function aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHE) and Iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases are also conserved in a peptide used to elicit ADH antibody
Chicken anti-Adiponectin Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB.
Background Info:
Adiponectin is synthesized by adipocytes and is involved in the control of fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity, with direct anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory activities (ref: SWISSPROT).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide from human Adiponectin (230-244 aa).
Applications:
WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
WB. Suggested dilution of 1:2,000-1:5,000. Biosensis recommends that the optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
Adiponectin Receptors 1 and 2 are membrane receptors for adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes which regulates energy homeostatis and insulin sensitivity.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. 15% glycerol
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse
Immunogen:
The intracellular portion of mouse Adiponectin Receptor 1 protein (amino acids: 4-142) conjugated to GST.
Applications:
WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting. A dilution of 1:2000 is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Adipor1; AdipoR1; Progestin and adipoQ receptor family member I; ADIPOR1; PAQR1;TESBP1A; CGI-45;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antiserum is known to recognise both mouse and human Adiponectin Receptor 1.
Storage:
Aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Adiponectin Receptors 1 and 2 are membrane receptors for adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes which regulates energy homeostatis and insulin sensitivity.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. 15% glycerol
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse
Immunogen:
Human Adiponectin Receptor 2 protein (amino acids: 78-219) conjugated to GST.
Applications:
WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting. A dilution of 1:2000 is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Progestin and adipoQ receptor family member II; ADIPOR2; PAQR2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antiserum is known to recognise both mouse and human Adiponectin Receptor 2.
Storage:
Aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Adenylate kinase (ADK) is important in cellular energy homeostasis. It is a phosphotransferase enzyme, catalyzing the interconversion of adenine nucleotides.Alternative name: myokinase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Escherichia coli
Immunogen:
Protein derived from Escherichia coli, Uniprot: P69441
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
T kenmez et al. (2016). Linkage between Fitness of Yeast Cells and Adenylate Kinase Catalysis. PLoS One. 2016 Sep 19;11(9):e0163115. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163115. eCollection 2016.
Rabbit anti-Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is cleaved from the precursor pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). The hormone is produced and secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulates release of cortisol by adrenal glands.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized with BSA
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Pig,Rat
Immunogen:
Porcine Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) conjugated to BSA
Applications:
IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
A dilution of 5-10 µg/mL is recommended for immunohistochemistry using formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues and for 4% paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissues. A dilution of 5-15 µg/mL is recommended for immunofluorescence. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Corticotropin; ACTH; Pro-opiomelanocortin; POMC;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human; mouse; rat; ACTH is highly conserved so cross-reactivity with other species is expected.
Storage:
At least 12 months after purchase at 2-8°C (lyophilized formulations). After reconstitution, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent.Avoid freeze-thaw cycles
AEC Single Solution is a ready-to-use solution intended for immunohistochemical and in situ-hybridisation staining procedures with horse radish peroxidase (HRP). AEC (3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazol) leads to the formation of a red-brown precipitate at the location of the target antigen or target nucleic acid. The precipitate is insoluble in aqueous mounting media and can be observed by light microscopy. AEC Single Solution is especially useful when a high sensitivity is desired.
100 ml AEC Single Solution (ready-to-use) 2 Dropper Bottles
Storage and handling:
The solution should be stored at 2-8°C without furt her dilution. Please store the reagent in a dark place and do not freeze it. Under these conditions the solution is stable up to the expiry date indicated on the label. Do not use product after the expiry date. AEC Single Solution is a ready-to-use solution. Preparation of a working solution as in other chromogenic substrates is not necessary. A positive and a negative control have to be carried out in parallel to the test material. If you observe unusual staining or other deviations from the expected results which could possibly be caused by the kit reagents please contact our technical support.
Reagent preparation:
The solution is ready-to-use. AEC Single Solution can be used directly from the refrigerator and should be stored again at 2-8°C aft er use. When using the small package (8 ml) please directly drop from the bottle. When using the 100 ml package (MON-APP209) please transfer up to 8 ml of the AEC Single Solution into one of the provided dropper bottles. The transferred solution is stable for many weeks if stored at 2-8°C. The volume required for several staining runs should be transferred so that the 100 ml stock bottle has to be opened only a few times. If you would like to pipette the solution use a clean vial from which you pipette. Remaining quantities should not be filled back into the bottle but disposed as hazardous material.
Procedure:
1) Rinse the slide with wash buffer after the previous incubation step. 2) Apply the AEC Single Solution to the slide. Incubate for 3-6 minutes. (Incubation time can be extended up to 30 minutes, if desired.) 3) Rinse with distilled H2O. 4) Counterstain with haematoxylin for about 30 seconds up to 5 minutes (depending on the desired staining intensity). 5) Rinse with distilled H2O. 6) Blueing in tap water for at least 5 minutes. 7) Mount with an aqueous mounting medium.
Expected results:
During the reaction of the substrate with horse radish peroxidase in presence of the chromogen AEC, a red-brown precipitate is formed at the location of the target antigen or nucleic acid. The precipitate is insoluble in aqueous solvents and can be observed by light microscopy.
Trouble shooting:
If you observe unusual staining or other deviations from the expected results please read these instructions carefully, contact our technical support. Also refer to the instructions of the detection systems for guidance on general troubleshooting.
Quality Control:
We recommend carrying out a positive and a negative control with every staining run. The positive control permits the validation of appropriate processing of the sample. If the negative control has a positive result, this points to unspecific staining. Please refer to the instructions of the detection system for guidance on general quality control procedures.
Performance characteristics:
Studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the kit reagents. The product has been found to be suitable for the intended use
Limitations of procedure:
Immunohistochemistry is a complex method in which histological as well as immunological detection methods are combined. Tissue processing and handling prior to immunostaining, for example variations in fixation and embedding or the inherent nature of the tissue can cause inconsistent results (Nadji and Morales, 1983). In some tissues endogenous peroxidase activity may cause non-specific staining. The enzyme activity should be blocked by incubation with hydrogen peroxide solution (H2O2 solution). The step is carried out before incubation with primary antibody but after dewaxing and rehydration. Background staining due to endogenous biotin can be blocked through an avidin-biotin blocking step prior to the primary antibody incubation step. The coloured precipitate formed by AEC is soluble in organic solvents. The tissue sections therefore have to be counterstained with aqueous solutions (e. g. Gills or Mayers haematoxylin) and mounted with aqueous mounting media. The colour intensity of the reaction product can decrease with time, especially when exposed to light. The staining reaction itself can be influenced in the same way when carried out in strong light. Sanbio guarantees that the product will meet all requirements described from its shipping date until its expiry date, as long as the product is correctly stored and utilized. No additional guarantees can be given. Under no circumstances shall Sanbio be liable for any damages arising out of the use of the reagent provided.
Precautions:
Use by qualified personnel only. AEC (3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazol) and the solvents used are considered hazardous materials. Material safety data sheets (MSDS) are available upon request. Wear protective clothing to avoid contact of reagent or specimen with eye, skin or mucous membrane. In case of reagent or specimen coming into contact with a sensitive area, wash the area with large amounts of water. Oxidising substances, e. g. metals, dust, bacteria or glass devices can influence the stability of AEC Single Solution. Such contaminations have to be avoided. Non-consumed solution needs to be discarded as dangerous substance.
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Lyophilized powder is stable for a minimum of 2 years at -20 °C. Reconstitute in distilled water before use. Store reconstituted antibodies at 4°Cfor up to a month and make aliquots for extended storage.
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Lyophilized powder is stable for a minimum of 2 years at -20 °C. Reconstitute in distilled water before use. Store reconstituted antibodies at 4°Cfor up to a month and make aliquots for extended storage.
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Lyophilized powder is stable for a minimum of 2 years at -20 °C. Reconstitute in distilled water before use. Store reconstituted antibodies at 4°Cfor up to a month and make aliquots for extended storage.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Antibody detects aflatoxin B1 from Aspergillus sp.
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Aflatoxins are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by many species of Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are toxic and among the most carcinogenic substances known. Crops which are frequently affected by Asperiillus include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Antibodies are in a format of total IgG purified on protein G
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 0,5 ml of sterile water
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Indyk et al. (2019). Development and Application of an Optical Biosensor Immunoassay for Aflatoxin M1 in Bovine Milk. Food Anal. Methods (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-019-01621-5. Mohamadi Sani et al. (2018). Aflatoxin M1 contamination and antibiotic residue in milk in Khorasan province, Iran. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Aug-Sep;48(8-9):2130-2. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.015.
AGB1 belongs to a family of proteins involved in signal transduction. They are acting like molecular switches when transmitting signals from the outside to the inside of cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brasica sp., Cajanus cajan, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema sp., Cicer arietinum, Gossypium sp., Medicago truncatula, Morus sp., Cajanus cajan, Pisum sativum, Sesamum indicum, Solanum sp., Tarenaya hassleriana, Theobroma cacao, Trifolium subterraneum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
AGO10 is involved in miRNA binding, and in RNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
A. lyrata, B. napus, C. rubella, C. clementina, C. sinensis, E. salsugineum, G. arboreum, G. raimondii. N. benthamianaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AGO10 protein sequence, Uniprot: Q9XGW1, TAIR: AT5G43810
AGO expression may be cell/tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Seedlings can be used as a negative control. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure.
Application Details:
1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
110,9 kDa
Not reactive in:
Zea mays
Selected references:
Sun et al. (2021) The epigenetic factor FVE orchestrates cytoplasmic SGS3-DRB4-DCL4 activities to promote transgene silencing in Arabidopsis. Sci Adv. 2021 Aug 4;7(32):eabf3898. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3898. PMID: 34348894; PMCID: PMC8336953.Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Sprunck et al. (2019). Elucidating small RNA pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana egg cells.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. Buffer for extraction of AGO proteins: Paudel et al. 2018. The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.TCA acetone precipitation method
Meng et al. (2022) The novel activity of Argonautes in intron splicing: A transcriptome-wide survey in plants. J Plant Physiol. 2022 Jan 31;270:153632. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153632. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35114616.Cabezas-Fuster et al. (2022). Missplicing suppressor alleles of Arabidopsis PRE-MRNA PROCESSING FACTOR 8 increase splicing fidelity by reducing the use of novel splice sites. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jun 10;50(10):5513-5527. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac338. PMID: 35639749; PMCID: PMC9177961.Delenko et al. (2022) MicroRNA biogenesis and activity in plant cell dedifferentiation stimulated by cell wall removal. BMC Plant Biol. 2022 Jan 3;22(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03323-9. PMID: 34979922; PMCID: PMC8722089. (immunofluorescence)Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Dalmadi et al. (2021) Controlled RISC loading efficiency of miR168 defined by miRNA duplex structure adjusts ARGONAUTE1 homeostasis. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Dec 16;49(22):12912-12928. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab1138. PMID: 34850097; PMCID: PMC8682782.
Special application note:
Antibody binds microRNA and tasiRNAs, preference for 21nt miRNAs with 5'U.To detect AGO1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, please inquire.Recommended for detection of AGO1: extreme low femtogram range chemiluminescent detection reagent
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).This antibody is directly conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure.The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.TCA acetone precipitation method
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to ALP.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).This antibody is directly conjugated to Biotin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica pekinensis, Capsella rubella, Malus domestica, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conugated N-terminal peptide of Arabidopsis thaliana AGO1 UniProt: O04379, TAIR:At1g48410.
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure.The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to biotin.
Molecular Weight:
116,4 | 130 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Special application note:
Antibody binds microRNA and tasiRNAs, preference for 21nt miRNAs with 5'U.TCA acetone total protein precipitation method
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).This antibody is directly conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure.The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to HRP.
This blocking peptide can be used as a control to neutralize AGO1 | argonaute 1 before immunolocalization or western blot. Furter details are provided below.AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Due to its low molecular weight, this peptide is not suitable for separation on a SDS gel,
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution please add sterile water
Molecular Weight:
1716,9 Da
Special application note:
Estimation of the ratio between antibodies and peptide : In neutralisation assay use 9,16 g of argonaute 1 peptide for 10 ml of reaction volume. In case of any questions please contact support@agrisera.com
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC), This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana benthamiana
Expected Species:
Brassica pekinensis, Capsella rubella, Glycine max, Malus domestica, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Solanum tuberosum, Zea mays, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated, N-terminal peptide of Arabidopsis thaliana AGO1 O04379, At1g48410
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.
Application Details:
To be determined by end user.
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 488.
Molecular Weight:
116,4 | 130 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Selected references:
To be added when available. Antibody released in May 2023.
Special application note:
Antibody binds microRNA and tasiRNAs, preference for 21nt miRNAs with 5'U,TCA acetone total protein precipitation method.DyLight 488 Amax = 493 nm, Emax = 519 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi). This antibody is directly conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana benthamiana
Expected Species:
Brassica pekinensis, Capsella rubella, Malus domestica, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated, N-terminal peptide of Arabidopsis thaliana AGO1 O04379, At1g48410
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.
Application Details:
To be determined by end user.
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 594.
Molecular Weight:
116,4 | 130 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Selected references:
To be added when available. Antibody released in May 2023.
Special application note:
Antibody binds microRNA and tasiRNAs, preference for 21nt miRNAs with 5'U,TCA acetone total protein precipitation method.DyLight 594 has Amax = 593 nm, Emax = 618 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC), This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi),This antibody is directly conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana benthamiana
Expected Species:
Brassica pekinensis, Capsella rubella, Glycine max, Malus domestica, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Solanum tuberosum, Zea mays, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated, N-terminal peptide of Arabidopsis thaliana AGO1 O04379, At1g48410
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. The AGO1 antibody is extremely specific to AGO1 and does not cross-react with other antibodies. The evidence is 1) the peptide to which it was raised is at the very N-terminus of the protein and is not present in other AGOs 2) aAGO1 does not cross react with the AGOs which are overexpressed (AGO2, AGO3, AGO4, AGO5, AGO6, AGO9) using a western blot.
Application Details:
To be determined by end user.
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 650.
To be added when available. Antibody released in May 2023.
Special application note:
Antibody binds microRNA and tasiRNAs, preference for 21nt miRNAs with 5'U, TCA acetone total protein precipitation method.DyLight 650 has Amax = 652 nm, Emax = 672 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from AGO1-PAZ domain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cre02.g141050.t1.1
AGO2 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi). AGO2 is probably involved in antiviral RNA silencing.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Capsella rubella, Solanum tuberosumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
AGO2 protein is strongly induced by stress. AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. Antibody incubation should be done over night in 4 C. Use of material with enriched AGO2 levels is recommened.
Clavel et al. (2021) Atypical molecular features of RNA silencing against the phloem-restricted polerovirus TuYV. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Nov 8;49(19):11274-11293. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab802. PMID: 34614168; PMCID: PMC8565345.Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Wang et al. (2019). The PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE4 Complex Promotes Transcription and Processing of Primary microRNAs in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2019 Feb;31(2):486-501. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00556.Dalmadi et al. (2019). AGO-unbound cytosolic pool of mature miRNAs in plant cells reveals a novel regulatory step at AGO1 loading. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Aug 8. pii: gkz690. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz690.You et al. (2019). FIERY1 promotes microRNA accumulation by suppressing rRNA-derived small interfering RNAs in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 27;10(1):4424. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12379-z. (immunoprecipiation)
Argonaute 3(AGO3) of Chlamydmonas reinhardii is cytoplasmic enriched and associated with polysomes and miRNAs (Chung et al. 2019).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from C-terminal of AGO3 protein of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chung et al. (2019) Distinct roles of Argonaute in the green alga Chlamydomonas reveal evolutionary conserved mode of miRNA-mediated gene expression. Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 31;9(1):11091. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47415-x.
AGO4 (Argonaute 4) belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure. Use a 6 % gel for protein separation, which is run longer to avoid a cross-reactivity at ca. 40 kDa.Binds endogenous siRNAs, preference for 24nt siRNAs with 5' A.Note that the AGO4 antibody reacts with the NEB prestained protein marker.
Application Details:
1 : 100 (ICC), 5 g of antibody per 1 gram of a fresh tissue (IP),1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Clavel et al. (2021) Atypical molecular features of RNA silencing against the phloem-restricted polerovirus TuYV. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Nov 8;49(19):11274-11293. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab802. PMID: 34614168; PMCID: PMC8565345.Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Niedojad?o et al. (2020). Dynamic distribution of ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1) and ARGONAUTE4 (AGO4) in Hyacinthus orientalis L. pollen grains and pollen tubes growing in vitro. Protoplasma. 2020 Jan 8. doi: 10.1007/s00709-019-01463-2.Sprunck et al. (2019). Elucidating small RNA pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana egg cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/525956Yang et al. (2017). The developmental regulator PKL is required to maintain correct DNA methylation patterns at RNA-directed DNA methylation loci. Genome Biol. 2017 May 31;18(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s13059-017-1226-y.
AGO5 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi). Probably involved in antiviral RNA silencing.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
peptide of Arabidopsis thaliana AGO5 UniProt: Q9SJK3, TAIR:AT2G27880
Applications:
Immunofluorescebce (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
AGO expression may be tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest, Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure
Application Details:
1 : 100 (IF), 5 ug per gram floral tissue (IP), 1 : 1500 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
111 | 111 kDa
Not reactive in:
Hordeum vulgare, Solanum lycopersicum, Zea mays
Selected references:
Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.
AGO6 (Argonaute 6) belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AGO6 UniProt: O48771 TAIR:At2g32940
AGO6 expression is cell specific, Seedlings can be used as a negative control
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
116,4 | 99 kDa
Not reactive in:
Zea mays
Selected references:
Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Sprunck et al. (2019). Elucidating small RNA pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana egg cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/525956 Havecker el al. (2010). The RNA-directed DNA methylation Arabidopsis Argonautes functionally diverge based on expression and interaction with target loci. Plant Cell. 2010 Feb;22(2):321-34. doi: 10.1105/tpc.109.072199.
Special application note:
There can be a reaction with NEB broad range prestained protein ladder depending upon secondary antibody used.AGO6 accumulates to lower levels in the nrpd1a mutant (Havecker at el. 2010). In addition, a non-specific band migrates to a similar location and thus protein was run on a 6% denaturing gel to obtain good separation.If other secondary antibody is used than in the figure below, cross-reacting pattern can be different.
AGO9 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AGO9 protein sequence UniProt: Q84YI4, TAIR:At5g21150.
Applications:
Immunolocalization, whole-mount (IL), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
AGO expression may be cell/tissue specific and using floral tissue is recommended where most of the AGOs are expressed the highest. Seedlings can be used as a negative control. Use of proteasome inhibitors as MG132 can help to stabilize AGO proteins during extraction procedure.A recommended whole-mount immunolocalization protocol can be found here.
Application Details:
5 g of antibody per 1 gram of a fresh tissue (IP), 1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
101 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Hou et al. (2021) High-throughput single-cell transcriptomics reveals the female germline differentiation trajectory in Arabidopsis thaliana. Commun Biol. 2021 Oct 1;4(1):1149. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02676-z. PMID: 34599277; PMCID: PMC8486858. (immunolocalization)Oliver & Martinez. (2021) Accumulation dynamics of ARGONAUTE proteins during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod. 2021 Nov 23. doi: 10.1007/s00497-021-00434-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34812935.Sprunck et al. (2019). Elucidating small RNA pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana egg cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/525956Su et al. (2017). The THO Complex Non-Cell-Autonomously Represses Female Germline Specification through the TAS3-ARF3 Module. Curr Biol. 2017 Jun 5;27(11):1597-1609.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.05.021.Havecker et al. (2010) The RNA-directed DNA methylation Arabidopsis Argonautes functionally diverge based on expression and interaction with target loci. Plant Cell 22(2): 321-34.
Guinea Pig anti-Agouti related protein (AGRP) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
AGRP is the endogenous antagonist of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and has been shown to cause potent stimulation of food intake, and this protein is found in over 90% of Neuropeptide Y containing cells in rats.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Guinea Pig
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat,Sheep
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (SPRRCVRLHESCLGQQVPCCDPCATCYCRFFNAFCYCRKLGTATNLCSRT) corresponding to a region (82-131) within the carboxy domain of mouse agouti related protein. This peptide was conjugated to carrier protein to enhance the immunological response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, frozen, PFA fixed material. Not yet tested on paraffin embedded tissue sections. A concentration of 1:1000 to 1:2000 is recommended for IHC with overnight incubations. Permeabilization suggested is 0.1% triton X-100 in blocking buffer. IHC performed in sheep brain (hypothalamus) demonstrates intense staining of cells and terminals. No staining is evident when the primary antibody is pre-absorbed with 0.5 mg/mL of AGRP. In rodents such as rat cell terminal staining is most typically observed without cell body staining. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Agrp; Agrt; Art; Agouti-related protein;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Specificity was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. This antibody is known to react with human, rat and sheep. Other species have not yet been tested.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8ºC. It is recommended that a thawed sample is stored at 2-8°C for no longer than 2 weeks. Allocation of appropriate anti-bacterial agent can increase shelf life by several weeks. Diluted serum should be prepared as required. Long term stability requires storage, preferably in small aliquots at -20°C or lower. Glycerol (1:1) can be added to neat serum for additional stability if intended use does not prevent this.
AGR3 (Anterior Gradient 3) protein, also known as AG3 (hAG-3, HAG3 in human), or BCMP11, is a secreted cytoplasmic protein which is involved in metastasis induction and p53 tumour supressor inhibition. It may serve as molecular marker and potential therapeutic target for hormone-responsive breast tumours. Its Xenopus homolog is associated with anteroposterior fate determination during early development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human AGR3 protein
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody AGR3.2 recognizes epitope QYSQALKKV within AGR3 (AG3) protein (19-20 kDa); secreted cytoplasmic protein which can serve as a marker of carcinogenesis.
Clone number:
AGR3.2
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive tissue: breast cancer. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line. Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line.
2 x 50 ml, two component ready to use solutions, enough for 50 midi blots (6,8 x 8,1 cm), which is 2754 cm2
Selected references:
Wieczorek et al. (2020) Development of a New Tomato Torrado Virus-Based Vector Tagged with GFP for Monitoring Virus Movement in Plants. Viruses. 2020 Oct 20;12(10):1195. doi: 10.3390/v12101195. PMID: 33092281; PMCID: PMC7588970.Fallah et al. (2018). Plasminogen activation is required for the development of radiation-induced dermatitis. Cell Death Dis. 2018 Oct 15;9(11):1051. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-1106-8.
2 x 50 ml, two component ready to use solutions, enough for 50-60 midi blots (6,8 x 8,1 cm)
Special application note:
Highly stable for 18 month at 2 C to 8 C. Working stock is stable for 7 days at room temperature and 30 days at +4 C. Lot to lot consistency.High sensitivity, low background and superior signal to noice ratios.
Research area:
Rapid Western Blotting
Code:
Detect15
Agrisera
AS16 3111
2x100 ml (100 ml reagent A + 100 ml reagent B), enough for 10-20 midi blots (6,8 x 8,1 cm),
Stable for 3 years at +2-8 °C. It can also be stored at room temperature up to six months, and can also be frozen. Protect the substrate from exposure to sunlight.
The plasma membrane H+ ATPase of plants and fungi generates a proton gradient that drives the active transport of nutrients by H+-symport
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
AHB1 (Non-symbiotic hemoglobin 1) is involved in a cellular response to hypoxia and displays oxygen carrier activity. Alternative names: ARAth, GLB1, Hb1AHB1, ARATH GLB1, ATGLB1, CLASS I HEMOGLOBIN, GLB1, HB1, HEMOGLOBIN 1, NSHB1, PGB1, PHYTOGLOBIN 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Lyophilized antibody can be stored at -20 °C for up to 3 years. Once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
AHB2 (Arabidopsis hemoglobin2) belongs to the plant globin family, and is a heme-, iron- and oxygen-binding protein. Expressed in rosette leaves and young roots, and induced by a variety of environmental stresses. Synonymes: AHB2, ARABIDOPSIS HEMOGLOBIN 2, ARATH GLB2, ATGLB2, GLB2, HAEMOGLOBIN 2, HB2, HEMOGLOBIN 2, NON-SYMBIOTIC HAEMOGLOBIN 2, NSHB2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Beta vulgaris, Brassica napus, Gossypium hirsutum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum tuberosumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
AHK2 (Histidine kinase 2) is a cytokinin receptor, multi-pass membrane protein which transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. Alternative name: Authentic HIS-Kinase 2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Nicotiana benthamiana, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AHK2 protein sequence, TAIR: AT5G35750, UniProt: Q9C5U2
AKIN11 (E.C.= 2.7.11.1) is a catalytic subunit of the putative trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. Synonymes: AKIN alpha-1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Gutierrez-Beltran et al. (2021) Tudor staphylococcal nuclease is a docking platform for stress granule components and is essential for SnRK1 activation in Arabidopsis. EMBO J. 2021 Jul 21:e105043. doi: 10.15252/embj.2020105043. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34287990.Pedrotti et al. (2018). Snf1-RELATED KINASE1-Controlled C/S1-bZIP Signaling Activates Alternative Mitochondrial Metabolic Pathways to Ensure Plant Survival in Extended Darkness. Plant Cell. 2018 Feb;30(2):495-509. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00414. Epub 2018 Jan 18.Emanuelle et al. (2015). SnRK1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is an atypical AMPK. Plant J. 2015 Mar 3. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12813.
AKIN beta-1 (AKINB1) is a member of SnRK1/SNF1/AMPK family in plants. It is a regulatory subunit of the putative trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) comples which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AKIN beta-1 Q84VQ1, At5g21170
Belda-Palaz n et al. (2020) A dual function of SnRK2 kinases in the regulation of SnRK1 and plant growth. Nat Plants. 2020 Nov;6(11):1345-1353. doi: 10.1038/s41477-020-00778-w. Epub 2020 Oct 19. PMID: 33077877.Crozet et al. (2016). SUMOylation represses SnRK1 signaling in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2016 Jan;85(1):120-133. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13096.Emanuelle et al. (2015). SnRK1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is an atypical AMPK. Plant J. 2015 Mar 3. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12813.
AKIN beta-2 (AKINB2) is a member of SnRK1/SNF1/AMPK family in plants. It is a regulatory subunit of the putative trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) comples which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AKIN beta-2 Q9SCY5
AKIN 3 (SNF1-related protein kinase regulatory subunit beta-3) is a regulatory subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brasica rapa, Capsella rubella, Ricinus communis, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
AKING1 is a member of SnRK1/SNF1/AMPK family in plants. It is a regulatory subunit of the putative trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) comples which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AKING1UniProt: Q8LBB2, TAIR: At3g48530
Emanuelle et al. (2015). SnRK1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is an atypical AMPK. Plant J. 2015 Mar 3. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12813.Ramon et al. (2013). The hybrid Four-CBS-Domain KINβγ-subunit functions as the canonical γsubunit of the plant energy sensor SnRK1. Plant j. April 1.
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 (AKR1B10) is an enzyme of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, and catalyzes the reduction of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. AKR1B10 is commonly expressed in adrenal glands, the small intestine, and colon tissues. AKR1B10 staining is useful in the recognition of liver carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC508
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 (AKR1B10) is an enzyme of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, and catalyzes the reduction of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. AKR1B10 is commonly expressed in adrenal glands, the small intestine, and colon tissues. AKR1B10 staining is useful in the recognition of liver carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC508
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 (AKR1B10) is an enzyme of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, and catalyzes the reduction of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. AKR1B10 is commonly expressed in adrenal glands, the small intestine, and colon tissues. AKR1B10 staining is useful in the recognition of liver carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC508
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
AKT1 is a highly selective inward-rectifying potassium channel located in cell membrane, that mediates potassium uptake by plant roots in response to low potassium conditions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AKT1 Q38998 , At2g26650
In the work of Honsbein et al, 125I has been used for detection of KC1 since this was the only way to get enough signal after 2-phase partitioning, ECL+ has been used with the protein after expression in Sf9 insect cells (1: 1000 primary antibody dilution) and in yeast with no problem (single band detected), but these are relatively high expression systems, In native plant material ion channels are expressed in ridiculously small quantities (a few hundred proteins per cell)
Application Details:
1 : 50 with 125I (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
96,9 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Safiarian et al. (2015). Lost in traffic? The K+ channel of lily pollen, LilKT1, is detected at the endomembranes inside yeast cells, tobacco leaves and lily pollen. Front. Plant Sci. | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00047.Honsbein et al. (2009). A tripartite SNARE-K+ channel complex mediates in channel-dependent K+ nutrition in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 21:2859-2877.
Special application note:
For detection images please, refer to the publication belowAntibody detects native and recombinant AKT1
Alb3.2 (Inner membrane ALBINO3-like protein 2, chloroplastic) is involved in the assembly of the light-harvesting complex and interacts with reaction center polypeptides of PSI and PSII.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Scenedesmus sp. PABB004
Immunogen:
6xHis tagged, recombinant C-terminal part of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Alb3.2, UniProt Q8LKI3. Chosen sequence is not conserved in Alb3.1.
Can be provided with ProClin, if requested. For Western blot image, check the original publication G hre et al. 2006.
Application Details:
1: 5000 - 1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water.
Molecular Weight:
44.7 kDa
Not reactive in:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Selected references:
Gohre et al (2006). One of two alb3 proteins is essential for the assembly of the photosystems and for cell survival in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2006 Jun;18(6):1454-66. doi: 10.1105/tpc.105.038695. Epub 2006 May 5. PMID: 16679460; PMCID: PMC1475496.
Alcohol dehydrogenase is an isozyme which preferentially catalyzes the conversion of primary unbranched alcohols to a corresponding aldehydes. Alternative names: Alcohol dehydrogenase I, YADH-1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Alcohol dehydrogenase isolated and purified from UniProt: P00330
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Dot blot (Dot), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in an enzyme involved in synthesis of acetate from ethanol. Alternative name: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase isolated and purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, UniProt: P22281
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Dot blot (Dot), Immunocytochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in an enzyme involved in synthesis of acetate from ethanol. Alternative name: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase isolated and purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, UniProt: P22281
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Dot blot (Dot), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate aldolase (ALD) is an enzyme catalazying a key reaction of glycolysis and energy production, converting D-fructose- 1,6-bisphospate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. This enzyme is present in plant and animal tissues. Plant enzyme is a class I aldolase which does not require a bivalent metal cofactor. It is located to outer mitochondrial membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
38 | 38 kDa
Not reactive in:
Synechocystis sp.
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2018). iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of an immature high-oleic acid near-isogenic line of rapeseed. Molecular Breeding January 2018, 38:2.Kamies et al. (2017). A Proteomic Approach to Investigate the Drought Response in the Orphan Crop Eragrostis tef. Proteomes. 2017 Nov 15;5(4). pii: E32. doi: 10.3390/proteomes5040032.Foley et al. (2017). A Global View of RNA-Protein Interactions Identifies Post-transcriptional Regulators of Root Hair Cell Fate.Dev Cell. 2017 Apr 24;41(2):204-220.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.03.018.Parveen et al. (2016). Chickpea Ferritin CaFer1 Participates in Oxidative Stress Response, and Promotes Growth and Development. Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 9;6:31218. doi: 10.1038/srep31218.Yam et al. (2016). Characterization of the Plasmodium Interspersed Repeats (PIR) proteins of Plasmodium chabaudi indicates functional diversity. Sci Rep. 2016 Mar 21;6:23449. doi: 10.1038/srep23449.Dixit (2015). Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves. Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 10;5:16205. doi: 10.1038/srep16205.Vera-Estrella et al. (2014). Comparative 2D-DIGE analysis of salinity responsive microsomal proteins from leaves of salt-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana and salt-tolerant Thellungiella salsuginea. J Proteomics. 2014 Jun 2. pii: S1874-3919(14)00288-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.05.018.
Mouse anti-Aldolase C Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
Aldolases are glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible aldol cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and fructose-1-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and either glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde, respectively. Three aldolase isozymes are found in mammals specifically aldolases A, B, and C, each of which is encoded by a separate gene. Aldolase A is generally considered to be a muscle enzyme. Northern analysis of cultured cells suggests that it is present in both neurons and glia (1). Aldolase B is considered to be a liver-specific enzyme and it is transcriptionally activated by signals from hormones and dietary factors (2). In the adult, aldolase C is the brain-specific isozyme, with low but detectable activity in fetal tissues (1, 3-6). Aldolase C shares 81% amino acid identity with aldolase A and 70% identity with aldolase B. Earlier studies using isozyme-specific antibodies report its location in gray matter astrocytes and cells of the pia mater (5, 8). In situ hybridization of mouse central nervous system using isozyme-specific probes revealed that aldolase A and C are expressed in complementary cell types: aldolase A mRNA is found in neurons; aldolase C message is detected in astrocytes, some cells of the pia mater, and Purkinje cells (9). Aldolase C can in some situations be used as an astrocyte marker. However Purkinje cells of the cerebellum contain high levels of the enzyme, so the enzyme is not totally astrocyte specific.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Human,Mouse,Pig,Rat
Immunogen:
N-terminal 20 amino acids of aldolase C protein, MPHSYPALSAEQKKELSDIA
Applications:
ICC,WB
Clone number:
4A9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC). A dilution of 1:1,000 - 1:2,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500 - 1:1,000 is recommended for IC. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Brain-type aldolase, Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The antibody reacts with a 40 kDa band by Western blot on a crude bovine cerebellum homogenate. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry.
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Aleu protein may play a role in proteolysis leading to mobilization of nitrogen during senescence and starvation. Catalytic activity : Hydrolysis of proteins, acting as an aminopeptidase (notably, cleaving Arg-|-Xaa bonds) as well as an endopeptidase. Cellular localisation: vacuole. Alternative names: Senescence-associated gene product 2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica oleracea, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativus Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant, His6-tagged, ALEU protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q8H166, TAIR: At5g60360
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
38,9 | 24 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Takagi et al. et al. (2013). MAIGO5 functions in protein export from Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticulum exit sites in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2013 Nov;25(11):4658-75. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.118158. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)Ueda et al. (2006). AtVAM3 is required for normal specification of idioblasts, myrosin cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 2006 Jan;47(1):164-75. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pci232. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme which is involved in dephosphorylation process. Found in periplasmic space in Escherichia coli. Alternative name: APase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Escherichia coli
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Alkaline phosphatase isolated and purified from Escherichia coli, UniProt: P00634
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme which is involved in dephosphorylation process. Found in periplasmic space in Escherichia coli. Alternative name: APase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Escherichia coli
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Alkaline phosphatase isolated and purified from Escherichia coli, UniProt: P00634
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Indirect immunofluorescence (indirect IF), Western blot (WB)
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which plays a role in brain and nervous system development. ALK is typically expressed at low levels in regions of the developing central and peripheral nervous system, such as the neonatal brain and spinal cord. The most common genetic alterations of this gene are chromosomal translocations, which result in multiple ALK fusion proteins that are involved in tumourigenesis, as in the case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), lung adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Aberrant ALK expression is also found in other tumours such as familial neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and brain cancers.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC509
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
56791
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which plays a role in brain and nervous system development. ALK is typically expressed at low levels in regions of the developing central and peripheral nervous system, such as the neonatal brain and spinal cord. The most common genetic alterations of this gene are chromosomal translocations, which result in multiple ALK fusion proteins that are involved in tumourigenesis, as in the case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), lung adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Aberrant ALK expression is also found in other tumours such as familial neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and brain cancers.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC509
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
56791
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which plays a role in brain and nervous system development. ALK is typically expressed at low levels in regions of the developing central and peripheral nervous system, such as the neonatal brain and spinal cord. The most common genetic alterations of this gene are chromosomal translocations, which result in multiple ALK fusion proteins that are involved in tumourigenesis, as in the case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), lung adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Aberrant ALK expression is also found in other tumours such as familial neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and brain cancers.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC509
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
56791
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a major plasma glycoprotein seen in hepatocytes of fetal liver and in hepatoma. Elevated levels of AFP in adult serum may be indicative of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, germ cell tumours, or yolk sac tumours. In hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP expression usually indicates malignancy in a hepatocellular nodule and hepatic histogenesis of a malignancy.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC714
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56770
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a major plasma glycoprotein seen in hepatocytes of fetal liver and in hepatoma. Elevated levels of AFP in adult serum may be indicative of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, germ cell tumours, or yolk sac tumours. In hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP expression usually indicates malignancy in a hepatocellular nodule and hepatic histogenesis of a malignancy.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC714
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56770
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein that is encoded by the gene AFP in humans. It is a plasma protein that is produced during fetal development by the yolk sac and the liver. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and exists in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. In the human fetus, AFP is the most abundant plasma protein, it binds estradiol to prevent the transport of this hormone across the placenta to the fetus. The major function of AFP is to prevent the virilization of female fetuses.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid, colorless, 0.2 m filtered
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Shelf life of this product is 1 year from date of receipt. Prepare working dilution prior to use and then discard.
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Proprietary 2-step fractionation procedure.
Special application note:
Antibody concentration is >10 mg/ml (E 1% at 280 nm = 1.3).Antibody is supplied in 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2 and 0.5 % sodium azide is added as preservative. Antibody purity is >75% based on HPLC.
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein that is encoded by the gene AFP in humans. It is a plasma protein that is produced during fetal development by the yolk sac and the liver. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and exists in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. In the human fetus, AFP is the most abundant plasma protein, it binds estradiol to prevent the transport of this hormone across the placenta to the fetus. The major function of AFP is to prevent the virilization of female fetuses.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Human AFP
Immunogen:
Purified Human Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP),
Applications:
For use as a standard or control in most immunoassay formats
Antibody concentration is >5 mg/ml.Antibody is supplied in 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2 and 05 % sodium azide is added as preservative. Antibody purity is >75% based on HPLC.
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a major plasma glycoprotein seen in hepatocytes of fetal liver and in hepatoma. Elevated levels of AFP in adult serum may be indicative of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, germ cell tumours, or yolk sac tumours. In hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP expression usually indicates malignancy in a hepatocellular nodule and hepatic histogenesis of a malignancy.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC714
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56770
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Neurofilaments can be defined as the intermediate or 10nm diameter filaments found in neuronal cells. They are composed a mixture of subunits which often includes the neurofilament triplet proteins, NF-L, NF-M and NF-H. Neurofilaments may also include peripherin, alpha-internexin, nestin and in some cases vimentin. Alpha-internexin is a ~66 kDa Class IV intermediate filament subunit expressed in large amounts early in neuronal development, but is downregulated in many neurons as development procedes. Many classes of mature neurons contain alpha-internexin in addition to NF-L, NF-M and NF-H. In some mature neurons alpha-internexin is the only neurofilament subunit expressed. Antibodies to alpha-internexin are therefore unique probes to study and classify neuronal types and follow their processes in sections and in tissue culture. In addition the very early developmental expression of alpha-internexin means its presence is an early and convenient diagnostic feature of neuronal progenitors cells and other cell committed to the neuronal lineage.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Cat,Human,Mouse,Other Mammals (Predicted),Rat
Immunogen:
Recombinant rat alpha-internexin expressed and purified from E. coli
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB), Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). A dilution of 1:5,000 - 10,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500-1,000 is recommended for ICC and IHC. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB. This antibody is specific for the 64-66 kDa alpha-internexin protein. Molecular weight will depend on species. Human, Rat, Mouse, Feline. It is predicted to react with other mammals.
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Alpha-mannosidase cleaves the alpha form of mannose.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-bean)
Immunogen:
native alpha-mannosidase purified from jack beans
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
The IgG (7S) fraction is prepared from the antiserum by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 100 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Not reactive in:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Special application note:
Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Alpha-mannosidase cleaves the alpha form of mannose.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-bean)
Immunogen:
Native alpha-mannosidase purified from jack beans
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Biotin/IgG protein molar ration is approximately 1,4, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 100 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 0,5 ml of sterile destilled water
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody is labelled with biotin using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin, Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
The Alpha-MSH Antibody was raised to synthetic human a-MSH coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with glutaraldehyde. The ImmunoStar alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat pituitary using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/100-1/200 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - FITC Technique and 1/4000-1/6000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Bn/Av-HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 100 ug/mL of alpha-MSH.
May be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport. Induces fibrillization of microtubule-associated protein tau. Reduces neuronal responsiveness to various apoptotic stimuli, leading to a decreased caspase-3 activation. Ref: uniprot.org.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Chicken,Horse,Human,Mouse,Pig,Rat
Immunogen:
Full length human protein with the epitope from amino acids 61-95
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
Western blotting (1:1,000 - 1:2,000), Immunocytochemistry (1:1,000 - 1:2,000) and Immunohistochemistry (1:1,000 1: 2,000). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP; SNCA; PARK1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human, reacts with human, horse, cow, pig, chicken, rat, mouse.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8°C. After reconstitution divide into aliquots and store at -20°C for long-term storage. Store at 2-8°C short-term (up to 4 weeks) with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Alpha synuclein control peptide (116-131), Purified Peptide, suitable to Block.
Background Info:
<span itemprop="description">Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.</span>
Product Type:
Peptide
Format:
Lyophilized
Applications:
Block
Application Details:
Control Peptide. This peptide may be used to block the binding activity of antibodies to alpha synuclein ( see Biosensis antibodies S-024-100 and S-075-50).
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep at -20°C. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
The Biosensis Alpha-Synuclein Rapid TM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of alpha-synuclein in less than 4 hours in human citrate-plasma, serum, CSF, as well as mouse and rat brain homogenates only if used as directed. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions for blood and CSF application. This ELISA kit consists of a pre-coated sheep polyclonal anti-alpha-synuclein (aa: 116-131) capture antibody, a biotinylated mouse monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein detection antibody (aa: 61-95) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a colored reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of alpha-synuclein present in samples and protein standards. A human alpha-synuclein positive control (QC sample) is provided to assure consistent assay performance. This ELISA kit has not been tested for other substrate applications, only citrate plasma and CSF, other substrates have not been tested and performance may vary. It has been configured for research use only and is not to be used for diagnostic or clinical procedures.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
The alpha-synuclein ELISA kit employs a recombinant human standard expressed in E.coli.
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of alpha-synuclein in human serum, plasma (citrate), CSF, and mouse/rat tissue homogenates. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP; SNCA; PARK1;
Biosensis Brand:
Rapid
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months from purchase.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate, protein standards, QC sample, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Human, mouse and rat alpha-synuclein.
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
0.16 - 10 ng/mL
Sample Type:
CSF,Plasma (Citrate),Serum,Tissue Homogenates
Sensitivity:
Typical limit of detection (LOD) for alpha-synuclein is < 100 pg/mL, determined as alpha-synuclein concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviation of blank OD (n=10).
Cross Reactivity:
Interference and cross-reactivity of human beta- and gamma-synuclein was assessed by spiking each protein at excess concentration of 20 ng/mL into two human plasma samples, each diluted 1:10 and 1:20, in comparison to unspiked samples. Cross-reactivity was calculated based on increase or decrease of apparent ?-synuclein concentrations in spiked samples. At a 3-6 fold excess (w/v) of spiked protein over endogenous alpha-synuclein at both sample dilutions, this ELISA shows very little cross-reactivity of 2.3% or less.<br>Individual alpha-synuclein isoforms have not yet been tested, but it is expected that this ELISA kit detects monomeric, oligomeric and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein isoforms.
The Biosensis Alpha-Synuclein Rapid TM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit is a sandwich ELISA that allows the quantification of alpha-synuclein in less than 4 hours in human citrate-plasma, serum, CSF, as well as mouse and rat brain homogenates only if used as directed. Please refer to the kit protocol for specific use instructions for blood and CSF application. This ELISA kit consists of a pre-coated sheep polyclonal anti-alpha-synuclein (aa: 116-131) capture antibody, a biotinylated mouse monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein detection antibody (aa: 61-95) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a colored reaction product which is directly proportional to the concentration of alpha-synuclein present in samples and protein standards. A human alpha-synuclein positive control (QC sample) is provided to assure consistent assay performance. This ELISA kit has not been tested for other substrate applications, only citrate plasma and CSF, other substrates have not been tested and performance may vary. It has been configured for research use only and is not to be used for diagnostic or clinical procedures.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
The alpha-synuclein ELISA kit employs a recombinant human standard expressed in E.coli.
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of alpha-synuclein in human serum, plasma (citrate), CSF, and mouse/rat tissue homogenates. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP; SNCA; PARK1;
Biosensis Brand:
Rapid
Detection Method:
Colorimetric
Shelf Life:
12 months from purchase.
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
The ELISA kit box contains 96-well pre-coated strip plate, protein standards, QC sample, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer and detailed protocols.
Specificity:
Human, mouse and rat alpha-synuclein.
Storage:
Store at 2-8°C
Range:
0.16 - 10 ng/mL
Sample Type:
CSF,Plasma (Citrate),Serum,Tissue Homogenates
Sensitivity:
Typical limit of detection (LOD) for alpha-synuclein is < 100 pg/mL, determined as alpha-synuclein concentration at blank OD plus 3x standard deviation of blank OD (n=10).
Cross Reactivity:
Interference and cross-reactivity of human beta- and gamma-synuclein was assessed by spiking each protein at excess concentration of 20 ng/mL into two human plasma samples, each diluted 1:10 and 1:20, in comparison to unspiked samples. Cross-reactivity was calculated based on increase or decrease of apparent ?-synuclein concentrations in spiked samples. At a 3-6 fold excess (w/v) of spiked protein over endogenous alpha-synuclein at both sample dilutions, this ELISA shows very little cross-reactivity of 2.3% or less.<br>Individual alpha-synuclein isoforms have not yet been tested, but it is expected that this ELISA kit detects monomeric, oligomeric and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein isoforms.
Mouse anti-Alpha-synuclein Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport. Soluble protein, normally localized primarily at the presynaptic region of axons, which can form filamentous aggregates that are the major non amyloid component of intracellular inclusions in several neurodegenerative diseases (synucleinopathies). Induces fibrillization of microtubule-associated protein tau. Reduces neuronal responsiveness to various apoptotic stimuli, leading to a decreased caspase 3 activation. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed principally in brain but is also expressed in low concentrations in all tissues examined except in liver. Concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals.SUBUNIT: Soluble monomer which can form filamentous aggregates. Interacts with UCHL1. Interacts with phospholipase D and histones. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Membrane. Nucleus. Note=Membrane-bound in dopaminergic neurons. Also found in the nucleus. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 3 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Additional isoforms seem to exist.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Recombinant full length human alpha synuclein expressed and purified from E. coli
Applications:
ICC,WB
Clone number:
3H9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunocytochemistry (IC/IF). A dilution of 1:1,000 - 1:5,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500-3,000 is recommended for IC/IF. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB. This antibody detects ~14-15 kDa alpha synuclein protein. The epitope for 3H9 is in the region 61-95 which correspond to the Non-Amyloid beta Component of Alzheimer's disease amyloid (NAC) region. 3H9 will also bind human alpha-synuclein containing the A30P and A53T mutations. Human, horse, cow, pig, chicken, rat, mouse. Predicted to react with other mammalian tissue because of highly conserved nature of the protein.
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, divide into single use aliquots and store at -20-80°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Alpha-synuclein Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport. Soluble protein, normally localized primarily at the presynaptic region of axons, which can form filamentous aggregates that are the major non amyloid component of intracellular inclusions in several neurodegenerative diseases (synucleinopathies). Induces fibrillization of microtubule-associated protein tau. Reduces neuronal responsiveness to various apoptotic stimuli, leading to a decreased caspase 3 activation. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed principally in brain but is also expressed in low concentrations in all tissues examined except in liver. Concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals.SUBUNIT: Soluble monomer which can form filamentous aggregates. Interacts with UCHL1. Interacts with phospholipase D and histones. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Membrane. Nucleus. Note=Membrane-bound in dopaminergic neurons. Also found in the nucleus. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 3 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Additional isoforms seem to exist.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (SEEGYQDYEPEA) corresponding to the C-terminal of human alpha synuclein protein (aa 129-140) conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from alpha synuclein protein in monkey and pig.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB. A dilution of 1:500 to 1:3000 is recommended for both applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP; SNCA; PARK1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Tinsley R.B. et al (2010) Sensitive and specific detection of alpha-synuclein in human plasma J Neurosci Res. 2010 Sep;88(12):2693-700.
Specificity:
Immunohistochemical and western blot analysis of human brain indicates a high level of specificity for this antiserum. This antibody is known to react with human, mouse and rat alpha synuclein. Other species have not yet been tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Sheep anti-Alpha-synuclein Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Sheep
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CMPVDPDNEAYEMPSEE) as part of human alpha synuclein (aa: 116-131) conjugated to KLH has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC with 1:1000 to 1:2000 dilution. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Wu W et al. (2022) "Intermediate-length CGG repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is associated with pathologically confirmed Alzheimers disease" Neurobiol. Aging 80(1):447-458; Application: IHC Species: Human Cong C et al. (2021) "Contribution of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathologic Change to the Cognitive Dysfunction in Human Brains with Lewy Body-Related Pathology." J Alzheimers Dis. 80(1):447-458; Application: IHC Species: Human Zhang W et al. (2020) "Contribution of Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathologic Change to the Cognitive Dysfunction in Human Brains with Lewy Body-Related Pathology." Neurobiol. Aging [In press]; Application: IHC Species: Human
Specificity:
Immunohistochemistry shows a high specificity for alpha-synuclein. This antibody is known to react with human, rat and mouse alpha-synuclein.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Sheep
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CMPVDPDNEAYEMPSEE) of human alpha synuclein protein (aa: 116-131) conjugated to diphtheria toxoid has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
ELISA,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC): 1-4 µg/mL (paraffin sections)<br>Western Blotting (WB): 0.5 - 2.0 µg/mL. Fixing of proteins on membrane with 0.4% formaldehyde (30 min at room temperature) recommended, see Lee & Kamitani, 2011.<br>Flow Cytometry: 2 µg antibody per ~10^6 cells, methanol-fixed.<br>Immunocytochemistry (ICC): 1-4 µg/mL, 4% formaldehyde-fixed cells.<br><br>Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Kuo Y.M. et al. (2010) Extensive enteric nervous system abnormalities in mice transgenic for artificial chromosomes containing Parkinson disease-associated alpha-synuclein gene mutations precede central nervous system changes. Hum Mol Genet. May 1;19(9):1633-50 Pelkonen A. et al. (2010) Stimulated dopamine overflow and alpha-synuclein expression in the nucleus accumbens core distinguish rats bred for differential ethanol preference. J Neurochem. 2010 Aug;114(4):1168-76. Alves et al. (2008) Striatal and nigral pathology in a lentiviral rat model of Machado-Joseph disease Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Jul 15;17(14):2071-83.
Specificity:
This antiserum specifically detects alpha synuclein. This antibody is known to react with alpha synuclein of human, mouse, rat and other rodents.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Purification:
Affinity purified and dialysed against phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
Sheep anti-Alpha-synuclein Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at presynaptic terminals in the central nervous system. Alpha synuclein has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Sheep
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (PQEGILEDMPVDPC) of human alpha synuclein protein (aa: 108-120) conjugated to diphtheria toxoid has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
IHC. Recommended to be used at a concentration of 1 µg/mL for immunohistochemistry (Paraffin sections). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Non-A beta component of AD amyloid; Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor; NACP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Immunihistochemical analysis of human and rat brain indicates a high level of specificity for this antiserum. Specificity was also confirmed by western blot. This antiserum is known to react with human and rat alpha synuclein.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Purification:
Affinity purified and dialysed against PBS. Contains 0.02% sodium azide.
Major allergen Alt a 1 (allergen Alt a 1), ALTA1 is a unique beta-barrel protein dimer found in fungi, Alternaria, most common mold, associated with allergic diseses like asthma.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Storage of tissue samples. The aluminium cryo vials with screw caps can be used for storage of tissue samples. The cryo tubes are suitable for storage of tissue samples in liquid nitrogen. Suitable for deepfreezing till -196°C. Autoclavable at 121°C . Available in 3ml (PA6003) and 15ml (PA6015) (sets of 100 pieces).
Storage of cryo tubes in liquid nitrogen: 1) Place the tissue in the cryo tube, 2) Close the cryotube tighly and place the cryotube in the liquid nitrogen for 1 minute, 3) The cryo vials can be stored at -80°C. Use of cryo tube in combination with isopentane: 1)Place a cup with isopentane in the liquid nitrogen; after approximately 2 minutes the isopentane clot and have a temperature of -160°C. 2)Place the tissue sample or biopsy in the isopentane for 30 seconds, 3) Place the tissue in the cryo vials and store at -80°C.
Reagent preparation:
Make sure that the cap and the vial have the same temperature because the material could slightly shrink or expand under influence of excessive temperature differences.
Expected results:
Long term storage of tissue
Precautions:
Wear a face mask at all times, Check if the screw treads and the lid are okay, Screw the lid on tightly. Attention: AVOID EXCESSIVE TEMPERATURE CHANGES, the cap could explode from the cryo tube.
Storage of tissue samples. The aluminium cryo vials with screw caps can be used for storage of tissue samples. The cryo tubes are suitable for storage of tissue samples in liquid nitrogen. Suitable for deepfreezing till -196°C. Autoclavable at 121°C . Available in 3ml (PA6003) and 15ml (PA6015) (sets of 100 pieces).
Storage of cryo tubes in liquid nitrogen: 1) Place the tissue in the cryo tube, 2) Close the cryotube tighly and place the cryotube in the liquid nitrogen for 1 minute, 3) The cryo vials can be stored at -80°C. Use of cryo tube in combination with isopentane: 1)Place a cup with isopentane in the liquid nitrogen; after approximately 2 minutes the isopentane clot and have a temperature of -160°C. 2)Place the tissue sample or biopsy in the isopentane for 30 seconds, 3) Place the tissue in the cryo vials and store at -80°C.
Reagent preparation:
Make sure that the cap and the vial have the same temperature because the material could slightly shrink or expand under influence of excessive temperature differences.
Expected results:
Long term storage of tissue
Precautions:
Wear a face mask at all times, Check if the screw treads and the lid are okay, Screw the lid on tightly. Attention: AVOID EXCESSIVE TEMPERATURE CHANGES, the cap could explode from the cryo tube.
α-Amylases are hydrolytic enzymes responsible for the mobilization of the starch into metabolizable sugars. This process provides the energy for the growth of roots and shoots and is crucial during germination of cereal seeds.These enzymes are coded by a multigene family and even thought other amylolytic enzyme participate in the process of starch breakdown, the contribution of α-amylase is the prerequisite for the initiation of this process.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Oryza sativa, Panicum virgatum
Expected Species:
Cereals, Hordeum vulgare, Kalanchoe laxifloraSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from known Oryza sativa P17654
Ye et al. (2018). Natural variation in the promoter of rice calcineurin B-like protein10 (OsCBL10) affects flooding tolerance during seed germination among rice subspecies. Plant J. 2018 May;94(4):612-625. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13881.
Special application note:
Antibody will detect all alpha amylase isoforms from rice, barley and other cereals
Amylo-Glo RTD Ready to Dilute Staining reagent is designed to stain amyloid plaques in tissue sections. This novel marker has several advantages over other conventional markers such as Thioflavin S and Congo Red because of its unique chemical and spectral properties. (L. Schmued et al. (2012) J.Neuroscience Methods 209:120- 126). Using Amylo-Glo results in a very bright blue UV excitable stain under physiological conditions that will not bleed through when illuminated with other filters. Its brightness makes it ideal for low magnification quantification studies, while its unique excitation/emission profile and mild staining conditions makes it ideal for combination for multiple immunofluorescent labeling studies. Amylo-Glo RTD is compatible with fresh, frozen, and formalin-fixed immunohistochemistry or cytochemistry, and it is particularly good for confocal and multiple labeling because of its high fluorescent intensity and high resistance to photo-bleaching. Moreover because Amylo-Glo fluoresces in the UV channel, double and triple labeling experiments can be performed very easily (see protocol).
Product Type:
Staining Reagent
Format:
The reagents in the Amyloid Plaque Stain Reagent (100x) are all supplied in a liquid format and are ready-to-dilute.
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Other Mammals (Predicted),Rat
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Application Details:
Staining of amyloid plaques in human and animal tissues, see included protocol
Alternative Names:
AmyloGlo
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis® RTD
Detection Method:
Fluorescence
Excitation/Emission:
Excitation Peak: 334 nm; Emission Peak: 533 nm - unbound, 438 nm when bound to amyloid. To visualize Amylo-glo in tissue, UV light is required. For example, Amylo-Glo tissue can be examined using an epifluoresent microscope with UV (Nikon UV-2A) filter cube. Excitation (325-375 nm) Emission (400-450 nm) is typical. Also note, it is not uncommon for Amylo-Glo to appear light yellow when examined by eye, yet appear a light blue color when photographed.
Shelf Life:
6 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
5 mL of 100X Amylo-Glo RTD (A-G RTD) solution
Product references:
Silvin A et al. (2022) "Dual ontogeny of disease-associated microglia and disease inflammatory macrophages in aging and neurodegeneration" Immunity. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Shrader JM et al. (2022) "Distinct Brain Proteomic Signatures in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Rat Models of Hypertension and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy" J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Rat Zagorski K et al. (2022) "Immunogenicity of MultiTEP-Platform-Based Recombinant Protein Vaccine, PV-1950R, Targeting Three B-Cell Antigenic Determinants of Pathological ?-Synuclein" Int J Mol Sci. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Shabestari SK et al. (2022) "Absence of microglia promotes diverse pathologies and early lethality in Alzheimers disease mice" Cell Rep. 39(11):110961; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Davis J et al. (2022) "rTg-D: A novel transgenic rat model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy Type-2." Cerebral Circulation - Cognition and Behavior [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Rat Salvadores N et al. (2022) "A? oligomers trigger necroptosis-mediated neurodegeneration via microglia activation in Alzheimer's disease." Acta Neuropathol Commun. 10(1):31; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Javonillo DI et al. (2022) "Systematic Phenotyping and Characterization of the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease." Front Neurosci. 15:785276; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Hohsfield LA et al. (2022) "MAC2 is a long-lasting marker of peripheral cell infiltrates into the mouse CNS after bone marrow transplantation and coronavirus infection." Glia. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Tsay HJ et al. (2021) "EK100 and Antrodin C Improve Brain Amyloid Pathology in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice by Promoting Microglial and Perivascular Clearance Pathways." Int J Mol Sci. 22(19):10413; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Henningfield CM et al. (2021) "Microglia-specific ApoE knock-out does not alter Alzheimer's disease plaque pathogenesis or gene expression." Glia. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Da Mesquita S et al. (2021) "Meningeal lymphatics affect microglia responses and anti-A? immunotherapy." Nature. 593(7858):255-260; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Lauterborn JC et al. (2021) "Increased excitatory to inhibitory synaptic ratio in parietal cortex samples from individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun. 12(1):2603; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Kim JH et al. (2021) "Gamma subunit of complement component 8 is a neuroinflammation inhibitor." Brain. 144(2):528-552; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Claes C et al. (2021) "Plaque-associated human microglia accumulate lipid droplets in a chimeric model of Alzheimer's disease." Mol Neurodegener. 16(1):50; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Crapser JD. (2021) "Investigating microglial regulation of the extracellular matrix in health and neurodegenerative disease." PhD Thesis ; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Baglietto-Vargas D et al. (2021) "Generation of a humanized A? expressing mouse demonstrating aspects of Alzheimer's disease-like pathology." Nature Communications. 2(1):2421; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Mistrik M et al. (2021) "Microthermal-induced subcellular-targeted protein damage in cells on plasmonic nanosilver-modified surfaces evokes a two-phase HSP-p97/VCP response." Nature Communications. 12, Article Number 719; Application: ICC/IF Species: Human Lemoine L et al. (2020) "Regional binding of tau and amyloid PET tracers in Down syndrome autopsy brain tissue." Mol Neurodegener. 15(1):68; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Hascup KN et al. (2020) "Riluzole attenuates glutamatergic tone and cognitive decline in A?PP/PS1 mice." J Neurochem. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Holloway OG et al. (2020) "Microglia Demonstrate Local Mixed Inflammation and a Defined Morphological Shift in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis. 77(4):1765-81; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse McQuade A et al. (2020) "Gene expression and functional deficits underlie TREM2-knockout microglia responses in human models of Alzheimer s disease. Nat Commun. 11(1):5370; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Hascup KN et al. (2020) "Hippocampal alterations in glutamatergic signaling during amyloid progression in A?PP/PS1 mice." Sci Rep. 10(1):14503; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Crapser JD et al. (2020) "Microglia facilitate loss of perineuronal nets in the Alzheimer's disease brain." EBioMedicine. 58:102919; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Abe Y et al. (2020) "Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for a neuroprotective role of aquaporin-4 in the 5xFAD transgenic mice model." Acta Neuropathol Commun. 8(1):67; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Zhu X et al. (2020) "Robust neuroinflammation and perivascular pathology in rTg-DI rats, a novel model of microvascular cerebral amyloid angiopathy." J Neuroinflammation. 17(1):78; Application: IHC/IF Species: Rat Majewski L et al. (2020) "Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human STIM2 and ORAI1 in Neurons Exhibit Changes in Behavior and Calcium Homeostasis but Show No Signs of Neurodegeneration." Int J Mol Sci. 21(3); Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Davtyan H et al. (2019) "Testing a MultiTEP-based combination vaccine to reduce A? and tau pathology in Tau22/5xFAD bigenic mice." Alzheimers Res Ther. 11(1):107; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Yeh SHH et al. (2019) "A high-sucrose diet aggravates Alzheimer's disease pathology, attenuates hypothalamic leptin signaling, and impairs food-anticipatory activity in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice." Neurbiol. Aging. [In press]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Bharani KL et al. (2019) "Serum Pro-Bdnf Levels Correlate With Phospho-Tau Staining In Alzheimer's Disease." Neurbiol. Aging. [In press]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Hovakimyan A et al. (2019) "A MultiTEP platform-based epitope vaccine targeting the phosphatase activating domain (PAD) of tau: therapeutic efficacy in PS19 mice." Sci Rep. 9(1):15455; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Hasselmann J et al. (2019) "Development of a Chimeric Model to Study and Manipulate Human Microglia In Vivo." Neuron. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Spangenberg E et al. (2019) "Sustained microglial depletion with CSF1R inhibitor impairs parenchymal plaque development in an Alzheimer's disease model." Nat Commun. 10(1):3758 (Supplementary Figure 1); Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Eggers C et al. (2019) "Novel cannabis flavonoid, cannflavin A displays both a hormetic and neuroprotective profile against amyloid _-mediated neurotoxicity in PC12 cells: comparison with geranylated flavonoids, mimulone and diplacone." Biochem Pharmacol. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Rat Dominguez E (2019) "Microglial Contributions to Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis." PhD Thesis, UC Irvine. Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Jovic M et al. (2019) "Short-term fish oil supplementation applied in presymptomatic stage of Alzheimer's disease enhances microglial/macrophage barrier and prevents neuritic dystrophy in parietal cortex of 5xFAD mouse model." PLoS One. 14(5):e0216726; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Collins MJ et al. (2019) "Age moderates the effects of traumatic brain injury on beta-amyloid plaque load in APP/PS1 mice." J Neurotrauma. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Shukla AK et al. (2018) "CD11a expression distinguishes infiltrating myeloid cells from plaque-associated microglia in Alzheimer's disease." Glia. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Feng X et al. (2018) "Quantitative proteomics reveals distinct composition of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease." Alzheimers Dement. [In press]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human, mouse Davis J et al. (2018) "A Novel Transgenic Rat Model of Robust Cerebral Microvascular Amyloid with Prominent Vasculopathy." Am J Pathol. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Rat Palombo F et al. (2017) "Detection of A? plaque-associated astrogliosis in Alzheimer's disease brain by spectroscopic imaging and immunohistochemistry." Analyst. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IF Species: Mouse Abud EM (2017) "Generation of Human Microglia from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Study Innate Immunity in Neurological Diseases." PhD Thesis. 2017; Application: IF Species: Mouse Abud EM et al. (2017) "iPSC-Derived Human Microglia-like Cells to Study Neurological Diseases." Neuron. 2017; 49(2):278-93 Application: IF Species: Mouse Solomon IH et al. (2017) "Brain and liver pathology, amyloid deposition, and interferon responses among older HIV-positive patients in the late HAART era." BMC Infect Dis. 2017; 17(1):151 Application: IF Species: Human Xu F et al. (2016) "Cerebral vascular amyloid seeds drive amyloid _-protein fibril assembly with a distinct anti-parallel structure." Nat Commun. 2016; 7:13527. Application: IF Species: Mouse Katsouri L et al. (2016) "PPARγ-coactivator-1_ gene transfer reduces neuronal loss and amyloid-_ generation by reducing _-secretase in an Alzheimer's disease model ." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016; 113(43):12292-97. Application: IF Species: Mouse Esposito G et al. (2016) "Autologous transplantation of intestine-isolated glia cells improves neuropathology and restores cognitive deficits in _ amyloid-induced neurodegeneration." Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 22605. Application: IF Species: Rat Marsh SE et al. (2016) "The adaptive immune system restrains Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by modulating microglial function." Proc Natl Sci USA. Feb 16. pii: 201525466. Application: IF Species: Hu Fibrillar amyloid visualization. Kim YH et al. (2015) "A 3D human neural cell culture system for modeling Alzheimer's disease." Nat Protoc. Jul;10(7):985-1006. Application: IF Species: Hu , Human neural stem-cell-derived three-dimensional (3D) culture system. Nijholt DA et al. (2015) "Pregnancy Zone Protein is Increased in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain and Associates with Senile Plaques." J Alzheimer's Disease. 46(1):227-38. Application: IF Species: Hu Kamphuis W et al. (2015) "GFAP and vimentin deficiency alters gene expression in astrocytes and microglia in wild-type mice and changes the transcriptional response of reactive glia in mouse model for Alzheimer's disease." Glia. Jun;63(6):1036-56. Application: IF Species: Mouse Choi SH et al. (2014) "A three-dimensional human neural cell culture model of Alzheimer's disease." Nature Oct 12. doi: 10.1038/nature1380. Application: IF Species: Hu , Human neural stem-cell-derived three-dimensional (3D) culture system. Niedowicz DM et al. (2014). "Obesity and diabetes cause cognitive dysfunction in the absence of accelerated beta-amyloid deposition in a novel murine model of mixed or vascular dementia." Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2014 Jun 10;2:64.
Specificity:
Amyloid plaques both intraneuronal and vascular
Storage:
The stock solution can be stored for up to 6 months after date of receipt at 2-8°C protected from light. No preservatives. Use sterile technique when handling and proper laboratory procedures.
Purification:
Thin layer chromatography using alumina plates and a solvent system of ethanol and water (3:1) revealed the presence of two fluorescent isomers. No amount of starting material was detected.
The Biosensis AG-400-AG kit utilizes an ethidium bromide counter stain for a quick and effective way to visualize cell nuclei and cell bodies of cells while under UV illumination allowing the assessment of amyloid plaques and cell/tissue positioning as well in one step. Amylo-Glo RTD Ready to Dilute Staining reagent is designed to stain amyloid plaques in tissue sections. This novel marker has several advantages over other conventional markers such as Thioflavin S and Congo Red because of its unique chemical and spectral properties. (L. Schmued et al. (2012) J.Neuroscience Methods 209:120- 126). Using Amylo-Glo results in a very bright blue UV excitable stain under physiological conditions that will not bleed through when illuminated with other filters. Its brightness makes it ideal for low magnification quantification studies, while its unique excitation/emission profile and mild staining conditions makes it ideal for combination for multiple immunofluorescent labeling studies. Amylo-Glo RTD is compatible with fresh, frozen, and formalin-fixed immunohistochemistry or cytochemistry, and it is particularly good for confocal and multiple labeling because of its high fluorescent intensity and high resistance to photo-bleaching. Moreover because Amylo-Glo fluoresces in the UV channel, double and triple labeling experiments can be performed very easily (see protocol).
Product Type:
Staining Reagent
Format:
The reagents in the Amyloid Plaque Stain Reagent (100x) are all supplied in a liquid format and are ready-to-dilute.
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Other Mammals (Predicted),Rat
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Application Details:
Staining of amyloid plaques in human and animal tissues, see included protocol. EtBr counter stain stains nuclei and cell bodies for easy identification and spacial orientation.
Alternative Names:
AmyloGlo
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis® RTD
Detection Method:
Fluorescence
Excitation/Emission:
Excitation Peak: 334 nm; Emission Peak: 533 nm - unbound, 438 nm when bound to amyloid. To visualize Amylo-glo in tissue, UV light is required. For example, Amylo-Glo tissue can be examined using an epifluoresent microscope with UV (Nikon UV-2A) filter cube. Excitation (325-375 nm) Emission (400-450 nm) is typical. Also note, it is not uncommon for Amylo-Glo to appear light yellow when examined by eye, yet appear a light blue color when photographed. <br>Visualization of EtBr: Ethidium bromide has an excitation peak of 300 nm and an emission peak 595 nm. Most UV compatible filter sets can be used.
Shelf Life:
6 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Kit Components:
1 bottle containing 40 mL of 10X Amylo-Glo RTD (A-G RTD) solution 1 bottle containing 40 mL of 10X A-G RTD Ethidium Bromide (EtBr RTD) solution
Product references:
Su IJ et al. (2021) "The Beneficial Effects of Combining Anti-A? Antibody NP106 and Curcumin Analog TML-6 on the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease in APP/PS1 Mice." Int J Mol Sci. 23(1):556; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Emre C et al. (2020) "Receptors for pro-resolving mediators are increased in Alzheimer's disease brain." Brain Pathol. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Human Hascup KN et al. (2019) "LY379268 Does Not Have Long-Term Procognitive Effects nor Attenuate Glutamatergic Signaling in A?PP/PS1 Mice." J Alzheimers Dis. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse Hascup ER et al. (2018) "Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance Elevates Hippocampal Glutamate as well as VGLUT1 and GFAP Expression in A?PP/PS1 Mice." J Neurochem. [Epub ahead of print]; Application: IHC/IF Species: Mouse
Specificity:
Amyloid plaques both intraneuronal and vascular for A-G, Etbr, nuclei and cell bodies both DNA and RNA label
Storage:
The stock solution can be stored for up to 6 months at 2-8°C protected from light. No preservatives. Use sterile technique when handling and proper laboratory procedures.
Purification:
Thin layer chromatography using alumina plates and a solvent system of ethanol and water (3:1) revealed the presence of two fluorescent isomers. No amount of starting material was detected.
Synthetic beta-amyloid A? 1-42 was monomerized by HFIP (hexafluoro-2-propanol) treatment and dried. One vial contains 50 ?g monomeric A? peptide that can be used to form solutions of unaggregated A? monomers, aggregated A? oligomers, A? fibrils and A? protein complexes according to published protocols, and used in a variety of research applications.
Product Type:
Peptide
Format:
Lyophilized.
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
<i>Preparation of unaggregated A-beta<sub>1-42</sub></i>:<br><br><b>Important:</b> unaggregated A-beta has to be prepared just prior to use!<br><br>1. Add 5 µL of reconstituting buffer to one vial of 50 µg of HFIP-treated A-beta peptide; spin down the liquid briefly<br>2. Vortex the vial for 5 seconds at highest speed while rotating the vial with your hands; spin down the liquid (bench-top microcentrifuge) and repeat the vortex-spin procedure for a minimum of 3 times; continue the vortex-spin procedure until all lyophilized peptide is dissolved and collected at the bottom of the tube. <b>Important</b>: refer to the attached <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.biosensis.com/documents/enhancedinfo/PE-1749-50_Peptide Reconstitution Instructions.pdf">instructions</a> for a detailed procedure to ensure that all peptide is fully reconstituted!<br>3. Add 106 µL of cold Dilution Buffer to make up to 111 µL total volume and a peptide concentration of 100 µM. Vortex-spin for 3 more times<br> 4. Final concentration of A-beta is 450 µg/mL<br>5. Use reconstituted peptide <b>immediately</b> to avoid oligomer formation<br><br><i>Preparation of oligomeric A-beta<sub>1-42</sub></i>:<br><br>1. Add 5 µL of reconstituting buffer to one vial of 50 µg of HFIP-treated A-beta peptide; spin down the liquid briefly<br>2. Vortex the vial for 5 seconds at highest speed while rotating the vial with your hands; spin down the liquid (bench-top microcentrifuge) and repeat the vortex-spin procedure for a minimum of 3 times; continue the vortex-spin procedure until all lyophilized peptide is dissolved and collected at the bottom of the tube. <b>Important</b>: refer to the attached <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.biosensis.com/documents/enhancedinfo/PE-1749-50_Peptide Reconstitution Instructions.pdf">instructions</a> for a detailed procedure to ensure that all peptide is fully reconstituted!<br>3. Add 106 µL of cold Dilution Buffer to make up to 111 µL total volume and a peptide concentration of 100 µM<br>4. Vortex-spin for 3 more times<br>5. Incubate the solution at 2-8ºC for 24 hours (protected from light)<br>6. Final concentration of A-beta is 450 µg/mL<br>7. Once reconstituted and oligomerized, o-A-beta should be used as soon as possible and within 7 days to ensure the stability of the oligomers<br><br><b>Note:</b> while the concentration of monomeric A-beta peptide used to form the oligomeric complexes is accurately determined, the precise formation, size and number of oligomers cannot be quantified by any known method.<br><br><i>Preparation of fibrillar A-beta<sub>1-42</sub></i>:<br><br>1. Add 5 µL of reconstituting buffer to one vial of 50 µg of HFIP-treated A-beta peptide; spin down the liquid briefly<br>2. Vortex the vial for 5 seconds at highest speed while rotating the vial with your hands; spin down the liquid (bench-top microcentrifuge) and repeat the vortex-spin procedure for a minimum of 3 times; continue the vortex-spin procedure until all lyophilized peptide is dissolved and collected at the bottom of the tube. <b>Important:</b> refer to the attached <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.biosensis.com/documents/enhancedinfo/PE-1749-50_Peptide Reconstitution Instructions.pdf">instructions</a> for a detailed procedure to ensure that all peptide is fully reconstituted!<br>3. Add 106 µL of 10 mM HCl to make up to 111 µL total volume and a peptide concentration of 100 µM<br>4. Vortex-spin for 3 more times<br> 5. Incubate the solution at 37ºC for 24 hours (protected from light)<br>6. Final concentration of A-beta is 450 µg/mL<br><br><i>Preparation of A-beta<sub>1-42</sub> Complexes</i>:<br><br><b>Important:</b> only unagreggated A-beta will form complexes. Use A-beta peptide immediately after reconstitution to form complexes.<br><br>1. Add 5 µL of reconstituting buffer to one vial of 50 µg of HFIP-treated A-beta peptide; spin down the liquid briefly<br>2. Vortex the vial for 5 seconds at highest speed while rotating the vial with your hands; spin down the liquid (bench-top microcentrifuge) and repeat the vortex-spin procedure for a minimum of 3 times; continue the vortex-spin procedure until all lyophilized peptide is dissolved and collected at the bottom of the tube. <b>Important:</b> refer to the attached <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.biosensis.com/documents/enhancedinfo/PE-1749-50_Peptide Reconstitution Instructions.pdf">instructions</a> for a detailed procedure to ensure that all peptide is fully reconstituted!<br>3. Add 106 µL of cold Dilution Buffer to make up to 111 µL total volume and a peptide concentration of 100 µM<br> 4. Vortex-spin for 3 more times<br> 5. Use reconstituted peptide <b>immediately</b> to avoid oligomer formation<br>6. Mix the A-beta monomer with its complex partner (eg., lipoprotein) at desired concentrations in PBS, pH 7.4, or other suitable buffers compatible with its intended application<br>7. Incubate at room temperature for 2 hours without shaking<br>8. Use complexes immediately after incubation<br><br>These protocols are based on procedures published by <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22423893">Youmans KL <i>et al.</i>, 2012</a> and <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23293020">Tai LM <i>et al.</i>, 2013</a>, and we refer to these publications and other relevant literature for further details.<br><br>Provided working concentrations are only meant to guide the user. Optimal concentrations depend on the experimental design and need to be determined empirically.
A proprietary preparation of human amyloid beta peptide (amino acids 1-42) that was initially monomerized by HFIP-treatment and then allowed to form oligomers by the procedure described in Youmans KL et al. , 2012 , followed by lyophilisation using Biosensis' proprietary stabilization procedures. The resulting oligomeric mixture has been specially designed to allow the formation of stable, oligomeric A? 1-42 peptide, multimeric complexes or oligomers. The material is intended to be used as a stable and consistent standard or positive control for oligomeric ELISA assays, as well as other research applications.
Product Type:
Peptide
Format:
Lyophilized, Supplied as 2 x 500 ng vials, each containing lyophilized A? oligomers</b>. Note that the amount of provided oligomeric protein is based on the amount of monomeric A? used to form these oligomers. The precise formation, size and number of oligomers cannot be quantified by any known method.
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
<i>Use as positive control in Oligomeric A? ELISA Kit (BEK-2215)</i>: Reconstitute one vial with 1 mL of assay buffer provided in the ELISA kit. Dilute to a concentration of 0.5-1 ng/mL. At this concentration, a positive signal will be obtained within the dynamic range of the calibration curve.<br><br><i>Use as oligomeric A-beta peptide standard in Oligomeric A? ELISA Kit (BEK-2215)</i>: Reconstitute one vial with 1 mL of assay buffer provided in the ELISA kit. Dilute to a concentration of 2 ng/mL, which represents the highest concentration of the calibration curve. Perform a 1:2 serial dilution down to 0.031 ng/mL in assay buffer. Click <a class="newA" target="_blank" href="https://www.biosensis.com/documents/enhancedinfo/PE-1750-1000_Instructions for Generating a Calibration Curve.pdf"> here </a> for detailed instructions on generating a calibration curve with PE-1750-1000.<br><br><i>Use as positive control in other applications</i>: Optimal concentrations need to be determined empirically. It is recommended to reconstitute the vial with 100 - 200 µL buffer first (eg., PBS, pH 7.4), and prepare further working dilutions thereof.
Store unopened, lyophilized oligomeric A? with desiccant, insulated, at -20°C short term, -80°C long term. Store reconstituted vial at 2-8°C for up to 2 days. The reconstituted material should not be frozen for best results.
Soluble oligomeric assemblies of the Amyloid-β peptide are today anticipated to be the direct cause regarding the Alzheimer pathology. As a consequence, oligomeric Aβ-assemblies constitute a very interesting therapeutic target. Identification of Aβ-oligomers is however, technically challenging due to there labile nature and low abundance. Abeta oligomer-specific OMAB antibody is based on the IgM isotype and represents a new concept of Aβ-oligomer binders using a combination of high avidity and very low monovalent affinity. This combination creates a selectivity of the antibody towards the oligomeric fraction and minimizes reactivity towards monomeric species.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at 4°C. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human Abeta oligomers only
Expected Species:
Rat
Immunogen:
partly aggregated, recombinant peptide corresponding to the human Abeta (1-40/42), Amino acid sequence: D-A-E-F-R-H-D-S-G-Y-E-V-H-H-Q-K-L-V-F-F-A-E-D-V-G-S-N-K-G-A-I-I-G-L-M-V-G-G-V-V, The epitope is 3-8, Molecular weight of immunogen is 4,5 kDa,
OMAB antibody is a versatile tool within research of Alzheimer’s disease, A sandwhich ELISA illustrates its potential regarding its high selectivity towards A? oligomers
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pang et al (2021) An App knock-in rat model for Alzheimer's disease exhibiting A? and tau pathologies, neuronal death and cognitive impairments. Cell Res. 2021 Nov 17. doi: 10.1038/s41422-021-00582-x. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34789895.Oh et al. (2020). Associative Interactions among Zinc, Apolipoprotein E, and Amyloid-? in the Amyloid Pathology. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 25;21(3). pii: E802. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030802.Henning-Knechtel et al. (2020). Designed Cell-Penetrating Peptide Inhibitors of Amyloid-beta Aggregation and Cytotoxicity. Cell Reports Physical Science,Volume 1, Issue 2, 26Zhang et al. (2019). Brains of rhesus monkeys display A? deposits and glial pathology while lacking A? dimers and other Alzheimer's pathologies. Aging Cell. 2019 Jun 4:e12978. doi: 10.1111/acel.12978.Kumar et al. (2018). Peptidomimetic-Based Multidomain Targeting Offers Critical Evaluation of A? Structure and Toxic Function. J Am Chem Soc. 2018 May 30;140(21):6562-6574. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b13401.
Special application note:
OMAB antibody has been purified by by ion-exchange chromatography and is supplied in PBS without any additives as carrier proteins or sodium azide.Binding of OMAB antibody and Abeta oligomers at RT takes about 15 min.Fibrils are inaccessible for OMAB antibodies therefore if a discrimination between fibrils and oligomers is to be achieved, dot blot can be used. Start with antigen concentration of 500 ng/dot followed by 2X dilution steps. Blocking: non-fat milk and washes with 0.3 % Tween 20 in TBS pH 7.4.
Soluble oligomeric assemblies of the Amyloid-β peptide are today anticipated to be the direct cause regarding the Alzheimer pathology. As a consequence, oligomeric Aβ-assemblies constitute a very interesting therapeutic target. Identification of Aβ-oligomers is however, technically challenging due to there labile nature and low abundance. Abeta oligomer-specific OMAB antibody is based on the IgM isotype and represents a new concept of Aβ-oligomer binders using a combination of high avidity and very low monovalent affinity. This combination creates a selectivity of the antibody towards the oligomeric fraction and minimizes reactivity towards monomeric species.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at 4°C. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human Abeta oligomers only
Expected Species:
Rat
Immunogen:
partly aggregated, recombinant peptide corresponding to the human Abeta (1-40), Amino acid sequence: D-A-E-F-R-H-D-S-G-Y-E-V-H-H-Q-K-L-V-F-F-A-E-D-V-G-S-N-K-G-A-I-I-G-L-M-V-G-G-V-V
OMAB antibody is a versatile tool within research of Alzheimer’s disease, A sandwhich ELISA illustrates its potential regarding its high selectivity towards A? oligomers
Application Details:
Coating antibody at 2 g/ml (ELISA), 1 : 500 (IHC)
Conjugation:
IgM
Isotype:
IgM
Purity:
Affinity purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
4,5 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Richman et al. (2013). In Vitro and Mechanistic Studies of an Anti-Amyloidogenic Self-Assembled Cyclic D,L-#-Peptide Architecture. J. Americal Chemical Societ, Jan 19.Lindhagen-Persson et al. (2010). Amyloid-β Oligomer Specificity Mediated by the IgM Isotype – Implications for a Specific Protective Mechanism Exerted by Endogenous Auto-Antibodies. PLoS ONE.
Special application note:
OMAB antibody has been purified by by ion-exchange chromatography and is supplied in PBS without any additives as carrier proteins or sodium azide. Binding of OMAB antibody and Abeta oligomers at RT takes about 15 min.Fibrils are inaccessible for OMAB antibodies therefore if a discrimination between fibrils and oligomers is to be achieved, dot blot can be used. Start with antigen concentration of 500 ng/dot followed by 2X dilution steps. Blocking: non-fat milk and washes with 0.3 % Tween 20 in TBS pH 7.4.
The amyloid beta peptide is derived from the cleavage of the Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and varies in length from 39 to 43 amino acids. However, the form(s) of amyloid-beta peptide (A? associated with the pathology characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. In particular, the neurotoxicity of intraneuronal A? accumulation is an area of considerable research and controversy principally because antibodies thought to be specific for A? have been shown to actually detect intraneuronal APP and not A? exclusively.<br /><br />MOAB-2 (mouse IgG2b) is a pan-specific, high-titer antibody to A? residues 1-4 as demonstrated by biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses (IHC), and is highly specific just to amyloid beta peptide.<br /><br />MOAB-2 did not detect APP or APP-CTFs in cell culture media/lysates (HEK-APPSwe or HEK APPSwe/BACE1) or in brain homogenates from transgenic mice expressing 5 familial AD (FAD) mutation (5xFAD mice). <br /><br />Using IHC on 5xFAD brain tissue, MOAB-2 immunoreactivity co-localized with C-terminal antibodies specific for A?40 and A?42. MOAB-2 did not co-localize with either N- or C-terminal antibodies to APP. In addition, no MOAB-2-immunreactivity was observed in the brains of 5xFAD/BACE-/- mice, although significant amounts of APP were detected by N- and C-terminal antibodies to APP, as well as by 6E10.<br /><br />In both 5xFAD and 3xTg mouse brain tissue, MOAB-2 co-localized with cathepsin-D, a marker for acidic organelles, further evidence for intraneuronal A?, distinct from A? associated with the cell membrane. MOAB-2 demonstrated strong intraneuronal and extra-cellular immunoreactivity in 5xFAD and 3xTg mouse brain tissues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized, from a Protein A purified preparation in 0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, 0.01% sodium azide, 0.1% trehalose, pH 7.2; contains 0.01% sodium azide as a preservative.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
Recombinant human amyloid beta protein 42 (A?42): DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA
Western Blotting (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunohistochemistry/paraffin embedded IH(P), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunofluorescence (IF), ELISA.<br><br>Antibody has been tested in WB using purified synthetic beta-amyloid preparations and from transgenic mouse brain formic acid extracts (see figure 1). Formic acid extraction/concentration is required for western blot detection from extracts. MOAB-2 antibody is specific for beta-amyloid and does not detect APP. Suggested dilution of 1:2000-1:5,000 for WB, standard ECL detection systems. <br><br>Tissue samples for the detection of beta-amyloid should be prepared as detailed in K.L. Youmans et al. {Journal of Neuroscience Methods 196 (2011) 51-59} for best results. Detection of beta-amyloid 40/42 in direct westerns can be difficult; Dot-blots of prepared samples are recommended as detailed in Youmans. KL et al 2012. <br><br>IR or fluorescent detection systems not yet tested, they but are expected to work well with higher primary antibody dilutions because of the increased sensitivity of the detection methods.<br><br>Suggested dilutions for IHC are 1:50-1:1,000. Fresh frozen, 4% paraformaldehyde fixed frozen, or formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues are all suitable. Optimal dilutions must be determined by the end user. Antigen retrieval is required in fixed tissues for optimal staining.<br><br>Antibody was tested on 4% paraformaldehyde/0.1% glutaraldehyde fixed frozen tissue from 3xTg and 5xFAD mice. MOAB-2 antibody detects intraneuronal and extracellular beta-amyloid in IHC and does not detect APP {Youmans KL et al 2012}.<br><br> The antibody also reacts with archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples with antigen Heat Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER): Recommended Citrate, pH 6.0 buffer for HIER. Signal was weak without antigen retrieval. Immunoreactively was expressed in intraneural-amyloid deposition (plaque) in Alzheimer's brain. MoAB-2 was found to be extremely clean and with an excellent signal to noise ratio with no neuro-cellular diffusive staining.<br><br>In addition MOAB-2 demonstrated no significant differences in A-beta detection using paraffin fixed, free-floating sections {Youmans KL et al 2012}. Formic acid (FA) treatment resulted in optimal detection of both intraneuronal and extracellular A-beta compared to without FA (incubated in 88% FA 8 min, Youmans KL et al 2012). Free floating tissue sections were permeabilized in TBS containing 0.25% Triton X-100 (TBSX; 3 x 10 min), blocked with 3% horse serum in TBSX (3 x 10 min) followed by 1% horse serum in TBSX (2 x10 min) and incubated with appropriate primary antibodies diluted in TBSX containing 1% horse serum overnight. See Youmans KL et al 2012 for full IH(P) protocol and method details.<br><br> For IF, suggested dilution is 1:100-1:500. The antibody was tested on 4% PFA fixed frozen tissue. Fixed tissues were washed in TBS (3 x 10 min), then incubated in 88% FA (8 min), and then permeabilized in TBSX (3 x 10 min), and blocked in TBSX containing 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA; 1 hr). Sections were subsequently incubated with appropriate primary antibodies diluted in TBSX containing 2% BSA overnight on an oscillatory rotator. Detection was via fluorescently labelled absorbed secondary antibodies {Youmans KL et al 2012}.<br><br>For IP, the suggested dilution is 1:200 to 1:1,000 for labeled beta-amyloid using Protein A/G conjugated beads as the capture vehicle {Youmans KL et al 2012}.<br><br>In an ELISA, a dilution of 1:50-1:1000 is suggested. The antibody has been tested in ELISAs on synthetic beta-amyloid and tissue homogenates from beta-amyloid-Tg mice. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user for all applications. Dilutions provided are only meant to serve as a basic guide.
Alternative Names:
Beta-APP42; Beta-APP40; Beta-amyloid protein 42; Beta-amyloid protein 40; ABPP; APPI; Amyloid beta A4 protein;MOAB2;MOAB-2; Alzheimer's antibody;AB40;AB42;abeta
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Setti, S.E. et al. (2022) Assessment of sex-related neuropathology and cognitive deficits in the Tg-SwDI mouse model of Alzheimers disease. Behave Brain Res. 428:113882. Application: IHC. Sil, A. et al. (2022) Sex Differences in Behavior and Molecular Pathology in the 5XFAD Model. J Alzheimers Dis. 85(2):755-778. Application: WB. Sarkar, S. et al. (2020) Modification of methods to use Congo-red stain to simultaneously visualize amyloid plaques and tangles in human and rodent brain tissue sections. Metab Brain Dis. [Epub ahead of print]. Application: IHC. Cuevas, E. et al. (2019) Amyloid Beta 25-35 induces blood-brain barrier disruption in vitro. Metab Brain Dis. [Epub ahead of print]. Application: ICC/IF. Schmued, L. et al. (2019) High Contrast and Resolution Labeling of Amyloid Plaques in Tissue Sections from APP-PS1 Mice and Humans with Alzheimer's Disease with the Zinc Chelator HQ-O: Practical and Theoretical Considerations. Curr Alzheimer Res. 16(7):577-586. Application: IHC/IF. Hui, L. et al. (2019) Acidifying Endolysosomes Prevented Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Amyloidogenesis. J Alzheimers Dis. 64(1):393-410. Application: ICC/IF. Koss, DJ. et al. (2018) Distinctive temporal profiles of detergent-soluble and -insoluble tau and A? species in human Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res. [Epub ahead of print]. Application: WB, dot blot. Zhao, Y. et al. (2018) TREM2 Is a Receptor for _-Amyloid that Mediates Microglial Function. Neuron. 97(5):1023-1031. Application: IHC, free-floating cryostat sections Zhu, B. et al. (2017) ER-associated degradation regulates Alzheimer's amyloid pathology and memory function by modulating _-secretase activity. Nat Commun. 8(1):1472. Application: IHC Huang, TY. et al. (2017) SORLA attenuates EphA4 signaling and amyloid _-induced neurodegeneration. J Exp Med. pii: jem.20171413. [Epub ahead of print]. Application: IHC Felecia, M. et al. (2017) Peripheral Inflammation, Apolipoprotein E4, and Amyloid-_ Interact to Induce Cognitive and Cerebrovascular Dysfunction. ASN Neuro. 9(4):1759091417719201. Application: IHC/IF Thomas, R. et al. (2016) Epidermal growth factor prevents APOE4 and amyloid-beta-induced cognitive and cerebrovascular deficits in female mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 4(1):111 Application: IHC Koster, KP. et al. (2016) Epidermal growth factor prevents oligomeric amyloid-_ induced angiogenesis deficits in vitro. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. [Epub ahead of print] Application: IF Loffler, T. et al. (2016) Decreased Plasma A? in Hyperlipidemic APPSL Transgenic Mice Is Associated with BBB Dysfunction. Front. Neurosci. Application: IF Kobro-Flatmoen, A. et al. (2016) Reelin-immunoreactive neurons in entorhinal cortex layer II selectively express intracellular amyloid in early Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Disease. 93:172-183. Application: IHC Tai, LM. et al. (2016) The role of APOE in cerebrovascular dysfunction. Acta Neuropathol. 131(5):709-23. Application: IF Kim, YH. et al. (2015) A 3D human neural cell culture system for modeling Alzheimer's disease. Nat Prot. 10(7):985-1006. Application: WB Condello, C. et al. (2015) Microglia constitute a barrier that prevents neurotoxic protofibrillar A?42 hotspots around plaques. Nat Commun. 6:6176. Application: IF Iulita MF et al (2014) Studying Alzheimer's Disease Pre-clinical Stages: Insights from Down's Syndrome and Transgenic Animal Models. PhD Thesis Application: IHC/IF Iulita MF et al (2014) Intracellular Abeta pathology and early cognitive impairments in a transgenic rat model overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein: a multidimensional study. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 6:61. Application: IF, IH Smith BR et al (2014) Neuronal inclusions of alpha-synuclein contribute to the pathogenesis of Krabbe disease. J Pathol. Apr;235(5):509-21. Application: IF
Specificity:
MOAB-2 detects preparations enriched in U-, O-, F-A?42, and U-A?40 by dot-blot, and is thus a pan-specific A? antibody. However, MOAB-2 is selective for the more neurotoxic A?42 compared to A?40. Indeed, MOAB-2 demonstrated a titration against antigen concentration, and detects A?40 at 2.5 pmol but U-, O- and FA?b42 at antigen concentrations as low as ~ 0.1 pmol {Youmans. KL et al 2012}. MOAB-2 does not detect APP (Amyloid precursor protein). Human, Rat, other species not yet tested.By Dot blot, MOAB-2 detected rat A?40 and human A?40, albeit with less affinity than for A?42. {Youmans. KL et al 2012}
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20 ° to -70°C for a higher stability. At 2-8°C keep up to one week, insulated, protected from light; use sterile methods and pipettes. Highly purified glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles. Keep tightly closed when not in use and protected from light.
Purification:
This product is a Protein A purified mouse IgG2b in 0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, 0.01% sodium azide, pH 7.2.
The amyloid beta peptide is derived from the cleavage of the Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and varies in length from 39 to 43 amino acids. However, the form(s) of amyloid-beta peptide (A? associated with the pathology characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. In particular, the neurotoxicity of intraneuronal A? accumulation is an area of considerable research and controversy principally because antibodies thought to be specific for A? have been shown to actually detect intraneuronal APP and not A? exclusively.<br /><br />MOAB-2 (mouse IgG2b) is a pan-specific, high-titer antibody to A? residues 1-4 as demonstrated by biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses (IHC), and is highly specific just to amyloid beta peptide. <strong>MOAB-2 did not detect APP or APP-CTFs</strong> in cell culture media/lysates (HEK-APPSwe or HEK APPSwe/BACE1) or in brain homogenates from transgenic mice expressing 5 familial AD (FAD) mutation (5xFAD mice). <br /><br />Using IHC on 5xFAD brain tissue, MOAB-2 immunoreactivity co-localized with C-terminal antibodies specific for A?40 and A?42. MOAB-2 did not co-localize with either N- or C-terminal antibodies to APP. In addition, no MOAB-2-immunreactivity was observed in the brains of 5xFAD/BACE-/- mice, although significant amounts of APP were detected by N- and C-terminal antibodies to APP, as well as by 6E10. In both 5xFAD and 3xTg mouse brain tissue, MOAB-2 co-localized with cathepsin-D, a marker for acidic organelles, further evidence for intraneuronal A?, distinct from A? associated with the cell membrane. MOAB-2 demonstrated strong intraneuronal and extra-cellular immunoreactivity in 5xFAD and 3xTg mouse brain tissues.<br /><br />Biosensis now offers <strong>biotinylated MOAB-2</strong> <strong>antibody</strong> allowing more flexibility in experimental design by using the biotin-avidin/streptavidin detection method. Biotinylated MOAB-2 antibody may also help to reduce background staining in difficult-to-stain tissues and increase detection sensitivity. The ability of biotinylated MOAB-2 antibody to detect amyloid beta has been validated by IHC.<br /><br />Purified, non-biotinylated MOAB-2 antibody is available <a href="https://www.biosensis.com/moab-mouse-monoclonal-antibody-amyloid-beta-peptide-beta-4042-purified-p-1181.htmL">here</a>.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer, pH 7.4; contains no preservative.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
Recombinant human amyloid beta protein 42 (A?42): DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA
Applications:
ELISA,ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,IP,WB
Clone number:
MOAB-2
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, lambda
Application Details:
The biotinylated MOAB-2 antibody has been tested by IHC (1:500 - 1:2,000 dilution) and is also expected to work in applications validated for the unlabelled antibody (M-1586-100) at same or higher dilutions: Western Blotting (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunohistochemistry/paraffin embedded IHC(P), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunofluorescence (IF), ELISA.<br><br><i>Western Blotting:</i><br><br>MOAB-2 has been tested in WB using purified synthetic beta-amyloid preparations and from transgenic mouse brain formic acid extracts (see Figure 1). Formic acid extraction/concentration is required for western blot detection from extracts. Suggested dilution of 1:2000-1:5,000 for WB, standard ECL detection systems. <br><br>Tissue samples for the detection of beta-amyloid should be prepared as detailed in Youmans KL et al., 2011 (Journal of Neuroscience Methods 196: 51-59) for best results. Detection of beta-amyloid 40/42 in direct westerns can be difficult; Dot-blots of prepared samples are recommended as detailed in Youmans KL et al., 2012. <br><br><i>Immunohistochemistry:</i><br><br>Suggested dilution for biotinylated MOAB-2 in IHC is 1:500-1:2,000. Fresh frozen, 4% paraformaldehyde fixed frozen, or formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues are all suitable. Antigen retrieval is required in fixed tissues for optimal staining.<br><br>Antibody was tested on 4% paraformaldehyde/0.1% glutaraldehyde fixed frozen tissue from 3xTg and 5xFAD mice. MOAB-2 antibody detects intraneuronal and extracellular beta-amyloid in IHC and does not detect APP (Youmans KL et al., 2012).<br><br>The antibody also reacts with archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples with antigen Heat Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER). Recommended buffer for HIER is citrate, pH 6.0. Signal was weak without antigen retrieval. Immunoreactivity was observed in intraneural-amyloid deposition (plaque) in Alzheimer's brain. MOAB-2 was found to be extremely clean and with an excellent signal to noise ratio with no neuro-cellular diffusive staining.<br><br>In addition, MOAB-2 demonstrated no significant differences in A-beta detection using paraffin fixed, free-floating sections (Youmans KL et al., 2012). Formic acid (FA) treatment resulted in optimal detection of both intraneuronal and extracellular A-beta compared to without FA (incubated in 88% FA 8 min, Youmans KL et al., 2012). Free floating tissue sections were permeabilized in TBS containing 0.25% Triton X-100 (TBSX; 3 x 10 min), blocked with 3% horse serum in TBSX (3 x 10 min) followed by 1% horse serum in TBSX (2 x10 min) and incubated with appropriate primary antibodies diluted in TBSX containing 1% horse serum overnight. See Youmans KL et al., 2012, for full IHC(P) protocol and method details.<br><br><i>Immunofluorescence:</i><br><br>For IF, suggested dilution is 1:100-1:500. The antibody was tested on 4% PFA fixed frozen tissue. Fixed tissues were washed in TBS (3 x 10 min), then incubated in 88% FA (8 min), and then permeabilized in TBSX (3 x 10 min), and blocked in TBSX containing 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA; 1 hr). Sections were subsequently incubated with appropriate primary antibodies diluted in TBSX containing 2% BSA overnight on an oscillatory rotator. Detection was via fluorescently labelled absorbed secondary antibodies (Youmans KL et al., 2012).<br><br><i>Immunoprecipitation:</i><br><br>For IP, the suggested dilution is 1:200 to 1:1,000 for labelled beta-amyloid using SA-coated beads as the capture vehicle, similar to the protocols employed by Youmans KL et al., 2012.<br><br><i>ELISA:</i><br><br>In an ELISA, a dilution of 1:50-1:1,000 is suggested. The antibody has been tested in ELISAs on synthetic beta-amyloid and tissue homogenates from beta-amyloid-Tg mice. <br><br>Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user for all applications. Dilutions provided are only meant to serve as a basic guide.
Kim, S. et al. (2020) Performance Validation of a Planar Hall Resistance Biosensor through Beta-Amyloid Biomarker. Sensors (Basel). 20(2) Application: In-vitro biosensor. Ruan, CS. et al. (2017) Sortilin inhibits amyloid pathology by regulating non-specific degradation of APP. Exp Neurol. [Epub ahead of print] Application: IHC References for non-biotinylated MOAB-2 antibody (M-1586-100): Zhu, B. et al. (2017) ER-associated degradation regulates Alzheimer's amyloid pathology and memory function by modulating _-secretase activity. Nat Commun. 8(1):1472. Application: IHC Huang, TY. et al. (2017) SORLA attenuates EphA4 signaling and amyloid _-induced neurodegeneration. J Exp Med. pii: jem.20171413. [Epub ahead of print]. Application: IHC Felecia, M. et al. (2017) Peripheral Inflammation, Apolipoprotein E4, and Amyloid-_ Interact to Induce Cognitive and Cerebrovascular Dysfunction. ASN Neuro. 9(4):1759091417719201. Application: IHC/IF Thomas, R. et al. (2016) Epidermal growth factor prevents APOE4 and amyloid-beta-induced cognitive and cerebrovascular deficits in female mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 4(1):111 Application: IHC Koster, KP. et al. (2016) Epidermal growth factor prevents oligomeric amyloid-_ induced angiogenesis deficits in vitro. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. [Epub ahead of print] Application: IF Loffler, T. et al. (2016) Decreased Plasma A? in Hyperlipidemic APPSL Transgenic Mice Is Associated with BBB Dysfunction. Front. Neurosci. Application: IF Kobro-Flatmoen, A. et al. (2016) Reelin-immunoreactive neurons in entorhinal cortex layer II selectively express intracellular amyloid in early Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of Disease. 93:172-183. Application: IHC Tai, LM. et al. (2016) The role of APOE in cerebrovascular dysfunction. Acta Neuropathol. 131(5):709-23. Application: IF Kim, YH. et al. (2015) A 3D human neural cell culture system for modeling Alzheimer's disease. Nat Prot. 10(7):985-1006. Application: WB Condello, C. et al. (2015) Microglia constitute a barrier that prevents neurotoxic protofibrillar A?42 hotspots around plaques. Nat Commun. 6:6176. Application: IF Iulita MF et al (2014) Intracellular Abeta pathology and early cognitive impairments in a transgenic rat model overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein: a multidimensional study. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 6:61. Application: IF, IH Smith BR et al (2014) Neuronal inclusions of alpha-synuclein contribute to the pathogenesis of Krabbe disease. J Pathol. Apr;235(5):509-21. Application: IF
Specificity:
MOAB-2 detects preparations enriched in U-, O-, F-A?42, and U-A?40 by dot-blot, and is thus a pan-specific A? antibody. However, MOAB-2 is selective for the more neurotoxic A?42 compared to A?40. Indeed, MOAB-2 demonstrated a titration against antigen concentration, and detects A?40 at 2.5 pmol, but U-, O- and F-A?b42 at antigen concentrations as low as ~ 0.1 pmol (Youmans. KL et al., 2012; PMID: 22423893). MOAB-2 does not detect APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein). Human, rat, other species not yet tested. By Dot Blot, MOAB-2 detected rat A?40 and human A?40, albeit with less affinity than for A?42 (Youmans KL et al., 2012).
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C to -70°C for a higher stability. At 2-8°C keep up to one week; use sterile methods and pipettes. Highly purified glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles. Keep tightly closed when not in use and protected from light.
Purification:
Antibody was purified from cell culture supernatant by Protein G chromatography, biotinylated and buffer-exchanged into PBS, pH 7.4 buffer
Rabbit anti-Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1/Tip60 and inhibit Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity. Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the axonal transport of beta-secretase and presenilin 1. May be involved in copper homeostasis/oxidative stress through copper ion reduction. Can regulate neurite outgrowth through binding to components of the extracellular matrix such as heparin and collagen I and IV. FUNCTION: Beta-amyloid peptides are lipophilic metal chelators with metal-reducing activity. Bind transient metals such as copper, zinc and iron. Rat and mouse beta-amyloid peptides bind only weakly transient metals and have little reducing activity due to substitutions of transient metal chelating residues. Beta-APP42 may activate mononuclear phagocytes in the brain and elicit inflammatory responses. Promotes both tau aggregation and TPK II-mediated phosphorylation (By similarity). FUNCTION: The gamma-CTF peptides as well as the caspase-cleaved peptides, including C31, are potent enhancers of neuronal apoptosis. SUBUNIT: Binds, via its C-terminus, to the PID domain of several cytoplasmic proteins, including APBB family members, the APBA family, MAPK8IP1, SHC1, Numb and Dab1. Binding to Dab1 inhibits its serine phosphorylation. Also interacts with GPCR-like protein BPP, FPRL1, APPBP1, IB1, KNS2 (via its TPR domains), APPBP2 (via BaSS) and DDB1. In vitro, it binds MAPT via the MT-binding domains. Associates with microtubules in the presence of ATP and in a kinesin-dependent manner. Interacts, through a C-terminal domain, with GNAO1. Amyloid beta-42 binds CHRNA7 in hippocampal neurons. Beta-amyloid associates with HADH2. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: different isoforms in different tissues: kidney. brain. liver. hippocampus, substania nigra pars compacta and cerebellum. In the cerebellum, all the isoforms are abundantly expressed in Purkinje cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptides (C-ETHLHW HTVAKET, aa: 145-157; C-HAH FQKAKERLEA KHRER, aa: 388-405; C-KKKQYTS IHHGVVE, aa: 724-737) as parts of human APP isoform A conjugated to KLH
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. Recommended to be used at a dilution of 1:500 to 1:3000 for immunohistochemistry. This antiserum has not yet been tested for western blot. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Specificity for APP was confirmed by IHC. This antiserum is known to react with rat APP. Reactivity with other species have not yet been tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Functions as a cell surface receptor and performs physiological functions on the surface of neurons relevant to neurite growth, neuronal adhesion and axonogenesis. Involved in cell mobility and transcription regulation through protein-protein interactions. Can promote transcription activation through binding to APBB1/Tip60 and inhibit Notch signaling through interaction with Numb. Couples to apoptosis-inducing pathways such as those mediated by G(O) and JIP. Inhibits G(o) alpha ATPase activity. Acts as a kinesin I membrane receptor, mediating the axonal transport of beta-secretase and presenilin 1. May be involved in copper homeostasis/oxidative stress through copper ion reduction. Can regulate neurite outgrowth through binding to components of the extracellular matrix such as heparin and collagen I and IV. FUNCTION: Beta-amyloid peptides are lipophilic metal chelators with metal-reducing activity. Bind transient metals such as copper, zinc and iron. Rat and mouse beta-amyloid peptides bind only weakly transient metals and have little reducing activity due to substitutions of transient metal chelating residues. Beta-APP42 may activate mononuclear phagocytes in the brain and elicit inflammatory responses. Promotes both tau aggregation and TPK II-mediated phosphorylation (By similarity). FUNCTION: The gamma-CTF peptides as well as the caspase-cleaved peptides, including C31, are potent enhancers of neuronal apoptosis. SUBUNIT: Binds, via its C-terminus, to the PID domain of several cytoplasmic proteins, including APBB family members, the APBA family, MAPK8IP1, SHC1, Numb and Dab1. Binding to Dab1 inhibits its serine phosphorylation. Also interacts with GPCR-like protein BPP, FPRL1, APPBP1, IB1, KNS2 (via its TPR domains), APPBP2 (via BaSS) and DDB1. In vitro, it binds MAPT via the MT-binding domains. Associates with microtubules in the presence of ATP and in a kinesin-dependent manner. Interacts, through a C-terminal domain, with GNAO1. Amyloid beta-42 binds CHRNA7 in hippocampal neurons. Beta-amyloid associates with HADH2. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: different isoforms in different tissues: kidney. brain. liver. hippocampus, substania nigra pars compacta and cerebellum. In the cerebellum, all the isoforms are abundantly expressed in Purkinje cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (HMNVQNGKWESDPSGTKTC, aa: 44-62) as part of mouse APP isoform A conjugated to the immunogenic protein Blue Carrier Protein
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. Recommended to be used at a dilution of 1:500 to 1:3000 for immunohistochemistry. This antiserum has not yet been tested for western blot. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Amyloid beta A4 protein; ABPP; Alzheimer disease amyloid protein homolog; Amyloidogenic glycoprotein; AG
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Specificity for APP was confirmed by IHC. This antiserum is known to react with rat APP. Reactivity with other species have not yet been tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Sheep anti-Ancient ubiquitous protein 1 (AUP1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
AUP1 contains a domain with homology to the ancient conserved region of the archain 1 gene and a domain thay may be involved in binding ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. The unprocessed precusor is of 476 amino acids in length and has an estimated molecular weight of 53 kDa. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing.TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AUP1 family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CUE domain.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Sheep
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Human,Rat,Sheep
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (HVFLVSCALPDSV) corresponding to the amino acids 48-60 of human ancient ubiquitous protein 1 conjugated to Blue carrier protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from bovine, mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB. Use at a dilution of 1:500 to 1:6000. This antiserum works superbly in both paraffin embedded and frozen tissues. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
AUP1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antiserum is specific for ancient ubiquitous protein 1. This antibody is known to react with bovine, sheep, human and rat ancient ubiquitous protein 1. Other species have not yet been tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Androgen Receptor (AR) is a transcriptional regulator with a broad array of functions. This marker is clinically significant in the understanding of tumour progression and tumour aggressiveness. The detection of AR by immunohistochemical staining is important for diagnosis of all types of prostate carcinoma, including both therapy-responsive and therapy-unresponsive disease states. Co-testing with AR and CK20 is used for differential diagnosis of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) [CK20+/AR-], morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (BCC) [CK20-/AR+], and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) [CK20-/AR-].
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC511
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56796
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Androgen Receptor (AR) is a transcriptional regulator with a broad array of functions. This marker is clinically significant in the understanding of tumour progression and tumour aggressiveness. The detection of AR by immunohistochemical staining is important for diagnosis of all types of prostate carcinoma, including both therapy-responsive and therapy-unresponsive disease states. Co-testing with AR and CK20 is used for differential diagnosis of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) [CK20+/AR-], morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (BCC) [CK20-/AR+], and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) [CK20-/AR-].
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC511
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56796
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Androgen Receptor (AR) is a transcriptional regulator with a broad array of functions. This marker is clinically significant in the understanding of tumour progression and tumour aggressiveness. The detection of AR by immunohistochemical staining is important for diagnosis of all types of prostate carcinoma, including both therapy-responsive and therapy-unresponsive disease states. Co-testing with AR and CK20 is used for differential diagnosis of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) [CK20+/AR-], morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (BCC) [CK20-/AR+], and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) [CK20-/AR-].
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC511
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56796
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
ANN-1 | Annexin-1 displays peroxidase activity and may counteract oxidative stress. Alternative names: ANNAT1, ANX23-ATH, ATOXY5, OXY5, Annexin D1, AnnAt1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana Annexin-1, UniProt Q9SYT0, TAIR AT1G35720
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in innate and adaptive immunity by controlling the biosynthesis of inflammation, prostaglandins, and leukotriene mediators. This target is overexpressed in 97% of all samples from patients with hairy cell leukemia, and is absent in other B-cell lymphomas. High ANXA1 expression is frequently associated with advanced stage esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, and is also linked to advanced and metastatic disease states.
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in innate and adaptive immunity by controlling the biosynthesis of inflammation, prostaglandins, and leukotriene mediators. This target is overexpressed in 97% of all samples from patients with hairy cell leukemia, and is absent in other B-cell lymphomas. High ANXA1 expression is frequently associated with advanced stage esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, and is also linked to advanced and metastatic disease states.
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in innate and adaptive immunity by controlling the biosynthesis of inflammation, prostaglandins, and leukotriene mediators. This target is overexpressed in 97% of all samples from patients with hairy cell leukemia, and is absent in other B-cell lymphomas. High ANXA1 expression is frequently associated with advanced stage esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, and is also linked to advanced and metastatic disease states.
ABRA1 (Abraxas), also known as CCDC98, is an adaptor protein that is essential for formation and function of BRCA1 A tumor suppressor complex. This complex plays critical roles in DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint control, and maintenance of genomic stability. ABRA1 mediates interaction of ubiquitin-interacting motif-containing protein RAP80 and deubiquitination enzyme BRCC36 with BRCA1/BARD1. ABRA1 controls both DNA-damage-induced formation of BRCA1 foci and BRCA1-dependent G2/M checkpoint activation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant protein corresponding to amino acids 1-313 of ABRA1 with N-terminal His6 tag
Applications:
FC,IP,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody ABRA1-01 recognizes human ABRA1 (Abraxas, CCDC98), an adaptor protein involved in DNA repair, which migrates as a 45 kDa band on PAAGE under reducing conditions.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. CThey are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human epidermal keratins
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
Mouse monoclonal antibody AE1 recognizes acidic type cytokeratins (intracellular antigens), namely K10, 14, 15, 16, 19 (40-56 kDa). This antibody stains well the basal layer of epidermis and most epithelia.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. CThey are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human epidermal keratins
Applications:
FC,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
Mouse monoclonal antibody AE1 recognizes acidic type cytokeratins (intracellular antigens), namely K10, 14, 15, 16, 19 (40-56 kDa). This antibody stains well the basal layer of epidermis and most epithelia.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aconitase 2, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACO2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the second step of the TCA cycle. This protein is encoded in the nucleus and functions in the mitochondrion. It was found to be one of the mitochondrial matrix proteins that are preferentially degraded by the serine protease 15(PRSS15), also known as Lon protease, after oxidative modification. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Acr1 (alpha-crystallin-related protein 1), also known as Hsp16.3, is a small heat shock protein (16 kDa), which forms oligomeric assemblies. Expression of Acr1 is induced by exposure to hypoxia or nitric oxide and is associated with bacterial persistence in a non-replicating state.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Acr1 protein (produced in E. coli)
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Acr1 reacts with Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Acr1 (Rv2031c, Hsp16.3).
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Acr2 (alpha-crystallin-related protein 2), also known as HrpA or Hsp20, is a small heat shock protein, which forms oligomeric assemblies. Expression of Acr2 is induced by heat shock, oxidative stress, and uptake by macrophages. It evokes a vigorous early immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Acr2 protein (produced in E. coli)
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Acr2 reacts with Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Acr2 (Rv0251c, Hsp20).
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Actin, a highly conserved protein, is a major component of both the cytoskeletal and contractile structures in the cell types. It varies in amount, being related to the type of differentiation and to the functional state of cells and tissues. The actins exhibit over 90% sequence homology, but each isoform has a unique NH2-terminal sequence. The isoforms are comprised of three alpha-actin, one beta-actin, two gamma-actin. Because the amino acid sequence of the C-terminal is the same for almost all actins, this antibody has been raised using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal 11 residues. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Actin is a highly conserved ubiquitous globular protein (G-actin) that polymerizes to form fibrous F-actin microfilaments. In higher eucaryotes several actin isoforms have been identified, that fall into three classes. Alpha actin is a structural component of the contractile apparatus of muscle cells or muscle-derived cells. Beta actin and gamma actin play roles in regulation of cell motility in other cell types. Specific subcellular structures such as stress fibers, focal adhesions, filopodia etc., are formed by involvement of actin cytoskeleton.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
SDS extracted protein fraction of human myocardium
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody HHF35 recognizes muscle-specific alpha and gamma actin (42 kDa) in various species. This antibody stains skeletal, smooth and myocardial cells as well as myoepithelial cells and pericytes of small vessels. It is a widely used marker of muscle and muscle-derived cells.
Clone number:
HHF35
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: murine femoral muscle, murine heart, negative control: HUVEC line; reducing conditions. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Antigen retrieval steps generally not required, but e.g. in case of arterial smooth muscle cells or myoepithelial cells, pepsin or trypsin pretreatment is recommended.
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Ag85b, also known as FbpB secreted antigen, 85-B FbpB (85B), antigen 85 complex B, mycolyl transferase 85B, fibronectin-binding protein B, or extracellular alpha-antigen, facilitates Mycobacterium attachment to host cells via fibronectin. It is also involved in maintaining cell wall integrity through the transfer of mycolyic acids (diacylglycerol acyltransferase/mycolyltransferase activity).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85b produced in E. coli
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Ag85b reacts with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Ag85b (FbpB), which is a diacylglycerol acyltransferase/mycolyltransferase.
AGPS (alkylglycerone phosphate synthase), is an enzyme that catalyzes the second step of ether lipid biosynthesis in which acyl-dihydroxyacetone phosphate (acyl-DHAP) is converted to alkyl-DHAP by addition of a long chain alcohol and removal of a long-chain acid anion. The protein is localized to the inner side of the peroxisomal membrane and requires FAD as a cofactor. Mutations in AGPS gene have been associated with type 3 of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP3), and Zellweger syndrome. Higher expression of AGPS was observed in BCR/ABL positive leukemias and it was also described to be associated with higher risk of relapse.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
recombinant human AGPS (amino acids 158-384)
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody AGPS-03 recognizes AGPS (alkykglycerone phosphate synthase), an intracellular peroxisomal enzyme important for lipid biosynthesis.
AGR2 (Anterior Gradient 2), also known as AG2 (hAG-2, HAG2 in human), or GOB-4, and AGR3 (Anterior Gradient 3), also known as AG3 (hAG-3, HAG3 in human), or BCMP11, are secreted cytoplasmic proteins which are involved in metastasis induction and p53 tumour supressor inhibition. They may serve as molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for hormone-responsive breast tumours; AGR2 was reported also as a marker of other carcinomas. Xenopus homolog of these proteins is associated with anteroposterior fate determination during early development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human AGR3 protein
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody AGR3.4 recognizes the PLMII epitope of AGR3 (AG3) and AGR2 (AG2) proteins (19-20 kDa); secreted cytoplasmic proteins which can serve as markers of carcinogenesis.
Clone number:
AGR3.4
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml; Positive tissue: human colon. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line. Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line.
AGR3 (Anterior Gradient 3) protein, also known as AG3 (hAG-3, HAG3 in human), or BCMP11, is a secreted cytoplasmic protein which is involved in metastasis induction and p53 tumour supressor inhibition. It may serve as molecular marker and potential therapeutic target for hormone-responsive breast tumours. Its Xenopus homolog is associated with anteroposterior fate determination during early development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human AGR3 protein
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody AGR3.1 recognizes the epitope HETTDKNLS within the AGR3 (AG3) protein (19-20 kDa); a secreted cytoplasmic protein which can serve as a marker of carcinogenesis.
Clone number:
AGR3.1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive tissue: breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive tissue: breast cancer. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line. Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: T47D breast cancer cell line, negative control: H1299 lung carcinoma cell line.
AHNAK1 (Desmoyokin) is a large (700 kDa) scaffold protein that translocates to the plasma membrane after an increas of extracellular calcium level or upon proteinkinase C activation and regulates extracellular calcium influx mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels. AHNAK1 has been implicated in diverse signal transduction proceses affecting cell differentiation and proliferation. In response to calcium-dependent intercellular contacts AHNAK1 forms multimeric complexes in the plasma membrane, connected with actin and annexin 2/S100A10 assemblies and is thus involved in organization of the plasma membrane architecture. In epithelial cells, AHNAK1 is localized in cytoplasm or is membrane-associated, but in cells of nonepithelial origin AHNAK1 is predominantly nuclear; it has a weak DNA-binding activity and associates with the DNA-ligase IV-XRCC4 complex.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed fragment of N-terminal domain of human AHNAK1.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-09 reacts with AHNAK1, a 700 kDa multi-functional adaptor protein expressed mainly in epithelial cell, various types of muscle cells and immune cells.
Clone number:
EM-09
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line, permeabilization is required. Western blotting: Positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human AKR1D1, which shares 90.9% and 93.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat AKR1D1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Human delta (4)-3-oxosteroid 5-beta-reductase (steroid 5-beta-reductase) catalyzes 5-beta-reduction of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta (4)-3-one structure. This gene is mapped to 7q33. The enzyme encoded by this gene is responsible for the catalysis of the 5-beta-reduction of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta (4)-3-one structure. Deficiency of this enzyme may contribute to hepatic dysfunction. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants may be present, but their full-length natures have not been determined yet. Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in liver. Expressed in testis and weakly in colon.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1, also known as ALDH1A1 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1A1 gene. It is mapped to 9q21.13. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the next enzyme after alcohol dehydrogenase in the major pathway of alcohol metabolism. There are two major aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in the liver, cytosolic and mitochondrial, which are encoded by distinct genes, and can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobility, kinetic properties, and subcellular localization. This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme. Studies in mice show that through its role in retinol metabolism, this gene may also be involved in the regulation of the metabolic responses to high-fat diet. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Aldolase A (ALDOA, or ALDA), also known as fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDOA gene on chromosome 16. This gene encodes a member of the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase protein family. The encoded protein is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Three aldolase isozymes (A, B, and C), encoded by three different genes, are differentially expressed during development. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Glycogen Storage Disease XII, an autosomal recessive disorder associated with hemolytic anemia. Disruption of this gene also plays a role in the progression of multiple types of cancers. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 3 and 10. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CTNNA1, also known as Catenin alpha-1 or Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNA1 gene. It is mapped to 5q31.2. When surface epithelium CTNNA1 was ablated, hair follicle development was blocked and epidermal morphogenesis was dramatically affected, with defects in adherens junction formation, intercellular adhesion, and epithelial polarity. In vitro, CTNNA1 null keratinocytes were poorly contact inhibited and grew rapidly. These differences were not dependent upon intercellular adhesion and were in marked contrast to keratinocytes conditionally null for another essential intercellular adhesion protein, desmoplakin Knockout keratinocytes exhibited sustained activation of the Ras-MAPK cascade due to aberrations in growth factor responses. It is concluded that features of precancerous lesions often attributed to defects in cell cycle regulatory genes can be generated by compromising the function of CTNNA1. Subcellular Localization: Cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasmic side. Adherens junction. Cell junction. Tissue Specificity: Expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer, it is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Microtubule proteins from porcine brain
Applications:
WB,ICC,FC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-10 recognizes alpha, beta-tubulin heterodimer, a basic intracellular structural unit of microtubules. Alpha- and beta-tubulins form approximately 100 kDa tubulin heterodimer, a globular protein that polymerizes to form microtubules.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer, it is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Microtubule proteins from porcine brain.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-08 recognizes alpha, beta-tubulin heterodimer (porcine brain), a basic intracellular structural unit of microtubules. Alpha- and beta- tubulins form approximately 100 kDa tubulin heterodimer, a globular protein that polymerizes to form microtubules.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal plasma, and it binds e.g. copper, nickel, and bilirubin. Measuring of alpha-fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid can reveal severe fetal defects. In adults, elevated AFP concentrations in the plasma can indicate hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma. In some individuals, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein can be observed without any obvious pathology.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal plasma, and it binds e.g. copper, nickel, and bilirubin. Measuring of alpha-fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid can reveal severe fetal defects. In adults, elevated AFP concentrations in the plasma can indicate hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma. In some individuals, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein can be observed without any obvious pathology.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
purified alpha-Fetoprotein
Applications:
IP,ELISA,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody AFP-01 reacts with human alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP), a 70 kDa oncofetal antigen. AFP is a major fetal plasma protein, but is not present in healthy adult tissues. Elevated AFP concentrations in adult plasma may be an early marker of hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma, while high concentrations in amniotic fluid may indicate severe congenital defects of a fetus.
Clone number:
AFP-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
ELISA: The antibody AFP-01 has been tested as the detection antibody in a sandwich ELISA for analysis of human alpha-fetoprotein in combination with antibody AFP-11 (cat. no. 11-384-C100). Western blotting: Positive material: Hep G2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line; both non-reducing and reducing conditions. Immunoprecipitation: Interaction of the antibody AFP-01 with AFP is dependent on the presence of calcium ions (strongly inhibited by chelating agents). Such characteristics of the antibody can be exploited for immunoaffinity purification of APF under mild elution conditions.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal plasma, and it binds e.g. copper, nickel, and bilirubin. Measuring of alpha-fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid can reveal severe fetal defects. In adults, elevated AFP concentrations in the plasma can indicate hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma. In some individuals, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein can be observed without any obvious pathology.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
purified alpha-Fetoprotein
Applications:
IHC,ELISA,RIA,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody AFP-11 reacts with human alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP), a 70 kDa oncofetal antigen. AFP is a major fetal plasma protein, but is not present in healthy adult tissues. Elevated AFP concentrations in adult plasma may be an early marker of hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma, while high concentrations in amniotic fluid may indicate severe congenital defects of a fetus.
Clone number:
AFP-11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
ELISA: The antibody AFP-11 has been tested as the capture antibody in a sandwich ELISA for analysis of human alpha-fetoprotein in combination with antibody AFP-01 (cat. no. 11-259-C100). Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive tissue: hepatocellular carcinoma; heat mediated antigen retrieval (sodium citrate buffer); mAb incubation 1 hour / RT, detection DAB.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Fraction of tubulin purified from porcine brain by two cycles of polymerization - depolymerization.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,FC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-01 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 65-97) on N-terminal structural domain of alpha-tubulin.
Clone number:
TU-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml, reducing conditions.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Fraction of tubulin purified from porcine brain by two cycles of polymerization - depolymerization.
Applications:
FC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-01 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 65-97) on N-terminal structural domain of alpha-tubulin.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Porcine brain microtubule protein MTP-1.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-16 reacts with alpha-tubulin of all tested species, under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
microtubule proteins from porcine brain
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-02 recognizes an epitope on N-terminal structural domain of alpha-tubulin in various species.
Clone number:
TU-02
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Fraction of tubulin purified from porcine brain by two cycles of polymerization - depolymerization.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,IP,FC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-01 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 65-97) on N-terminal structural domain of alpha-tubulin.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Alkaline phosphatase, placental type also known as placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is an allosteric enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALPP gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an alkaline phosphatase, a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoric acid monoesters. It belongs to a multigene family composed of four alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. The enzyme functions as a homodimer and has a catalytic site containing one magnesium and two zinc ions, which are required for its enzymatic function. The protein is primarily expressed in placental and endometrial tissue; however, strong ectopic expression has been detected in ovarian adenocarcinoma, serous cystadenocarcinoma, and other ovarian cancer cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.
AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor which is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. The androgen receptor is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the androgen receptor is as a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype.
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor which is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. The androgen receptor is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the androgen receptor is as a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype.
E.coli-derived human Annexin A1 recombinant protein (Position: A2-N346). Human Annexin A1 shares 88% and 89% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Annexin A1, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ANXA1, also known as lipocortin I or Annexin A1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANXA1 gene. It is mapped to 9q21.13. ANXA1 belongs to a family of Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding proteins which have a molecular weight of approximately 35,000 to 40,000 and are preferentially located on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. ANXA1 protein has an apparent relative molecular mass of 40 kDa, with phospholipase A2 inhibitory activity. Lower peptide concentrations possibly found in inflammatory situations elicit Ca(2+) transients without fully activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. This causes a specific inhibition of the transendothelial migration of neutrophils and a desensitization of neutrophils toward a chemoattractant challenge. These findings identified ANXA1 peptides as novel, endogenous FPR ligands and established a mechanistic basis of ANXA1-mediated antiinflammatory effects. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human Annexin A3, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and from the related rat sequence by three amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Annexin A3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Annexin A3 gene. The Annexin A3 gene contains 13 exons and spans 58 kb of genomic DNA. The Annexin A3 gene is mapped to 4q21. It is abnormally expressed in fetuses of both IVF and ICSI, which may contribute to the increase risk of birth defects in these ART. This gene encodes a member of the annexin family. Members of this calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein family play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and in signal transduction pathways. This protein functions in the inhibition of phospholipase A2 and cleavage of inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate to form inositol 1-phosphate. This protein may also play a role in anti-coagulation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Annexin A6 (ANXA6) is a member of a family of proteins that bind membrane or cytoskeleton in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. These proteins are characterized by homologous amino acid sequences that are present in multiple copies in each protein. ANXA6 gene is assigned to 5q32-q34 by use of a cDNA clone to probe genomic DNA from rodent-human somatic cell hybrids and for in situ hybridization. The ANX6 gene is approximately 60 kb long and contains 26 exons. The genomic sequence at the 3-prime end does not contain a canonical polyadenylylation signal. Ca(2+)-dependent binding between CRHSP28 and ANXA6 is required for acinar cell membrane trafficking events and digestive enzyme secretion. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: DCC-interacting protein 13-alpha (APPL1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APPL1 gene. The APPL1 gene is mapped to 3q21.1-p13.3. It is said to contain 709 amino acids and share 54% amino acid identity with APPL2. APPL is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, ovary, and pancreas, tissues in which AKT2 mRNA is abundant. It has been regarded as an adaptor that may tether inactive AKT2 to the PI3K in the cytoplasm and thereby may expedite recruitment of AKT2 and PI3K to the cell membrane upon mitogenic stimulation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
ARAP1 (angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein) is an adaptor protein with ArfGAP and RhoGAP activities, containing five PH domains and ankyrin repeate. This adaptor seems to serve as a link between phosphoinositide- Arf-, and Rho-mediated cell signaling. ARAP1 supports the plasma membrane recycling of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) and is important also for cell-specific trafficking of pro-death receptor TRAIL-R1 (DR4) to the plasma membrane, thus promoting the TRAIL-induced apoptosis in certain cell types. ARAP1 also affects cell spreading.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
His6-tagged protein corresponding to amino acids 1190-1450 of human ARAP1
Applications:
IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody ARAP1-2 reacts with C-terminal part of ARAP1 (intracellular epitope), a 160 kDa adaptor protein.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ZEB1 (Zinc Finger E Box-Binding Homeobox 1), also called TCF8, NIL2A or DELTA-EF1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZEB1 gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized the ZEB1 gene to chromosome 10p11.2. Krafchak et al. (2005) demonstrated a complex (core plus secondary) binding site for TCF8 in the promoter of the COL4A3 gene, mutant in Alport syndrome and which encodes collagen type IV alpha-3. They detected expression of TCF8 in cornea. Nishimura et al. (2006) found that delta-Ef1 was upregulated during differentiation in a mouse smooth muscle cell (SMC) line. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
ARHGEF4 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4), also known as ASEF 1 (adenomatous polyposis coli – stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) is an approximately 80 kDa cytoplasmic protein important for growth factor-mediated regulation of cell morphology and migration. Besides N-terminal adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-binding region (ABR) it contains Dbl homology (DH), pleckstrin homology (PH) and SH3 domains. The SH3 domain inhibits GEF activity of ARHGEF4 by intramolecular interaction with the DH domain, whereas binding of APC stimulates the GEF activity. Activated ARHGEF4 stimulates the small GTPase Cdc42, which leads to decreased cell-cell adherence and enhanced cell migration.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment of human ARHGEF4 (amino acids 143-271)
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody ARHGEF-08 recognizes human intracellular protein ARHGEF4 / ASEF1, approx. 80 kDa guanine nucleotide exchange factor specific for Rac1 and Cdc42. The epitope is located in the rough at the region of SH3 domain.
ARHGEF4 (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4), also known as ASEF 1 (adenomatous polyposis coli – stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1) is an approximately 80 kDa cytoplasmic protein important for growth factor-mediated regulation of cell morphology and migration. Besides N-terminal adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-binding region (ABR) it contains Dbl homology (DH), pleckstrin homology (PH) and SH3 domains. The SH3 domain inhibits GEF activity of ARHGEF4 by intramolecular interaction with the DH domain, whereas binding of APC stimulates the GEF activity. Activated ARHGEF4 stimulates the small GTPase Cdc42, which leads to decreased cell-cell adherence and enhanced cell migration.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment of human ARHGEF4 (amino acids 143-271)
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody ARHGEF-08 recognizes human intracellular protein ARHGEF4 / ASEF1, approx. 80 kDa guanine nucleotide exchange factor specific for Rac1 and Cdc42. The epitope is located in the rough at the region of SH3 domain.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GOT1 gene. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively. GOT plays a role in amino acid metabolism and the urea and tricarboxylic acid cycles. The two enzymes are homodimeric and show close homology. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Argininosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASS1 gene. It is mapped to 9q34.11. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the penultimate step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. There are approximately 10 to 14 copies of this gene including the pseudogenes scattered across the human genome, among which the one located on chromosome 9 appears to be the only functional gene for argininosuccinate synthetase. Mutations in the chromosome 9 copy of this gene cause citrullinemia. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Argininosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASS1 gene. It is mapped to 9q34.11. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the penultimate step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. There are approximately 10 to 14 copies of this gene including the pseudogenes scattered across the human genome, among which the one located on chromosome 9 appears to be the only functional gene for argininosuccinate synthetase. Mutations in the chromosome 9 copy of this gene cause citrullinemia. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human Ataxin 1, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by one amino acid.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Ataxin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATXN1 gene. The ATXN1 gene had been mapped to 6p23 by in situ hybridization. Ataxin-1 (ATXN1), a causative factor for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), and the related Brother of ATXN1 (BOAT1) are human proteins involved in transcriptional repression. ATXN1 and BOAT1 might participate in several Notch-controlled developmental and pathological processes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: ATF1, also known as activating transcription factor 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATF1 gene. It is mapped to 12q13.12. This gene encodes an activating transcription factor, which belongs to the ATF subfamily and bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. This protein is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine/threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk-3). Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Anti-ATP5H in Antibody Picoband (monoclonal, 6B12)
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Monkey,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
E.coli-derived human ATP5H recombinant protein (Position: A2-L161). Human ATP5H shares 81% and 78% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat ATP5H, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: ATP5H is also known as ATPQ. Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the d subunit of the Fo complex. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. In addition, three pseudogenes are located on chromosomes 9, 12 and 15.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. Cytokeratins are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human epidermal keratins
Applications:
WB,IHC
Additional Info:
Mouse monoclonal antibody AE3 recognizes all basic type cytokeratins (intracellular antigens), namely K1-K8 (58-67 kDa). This antibody reacts with all layers of epidermis (basal layer and above) and is an excellent marker for distinguishing carcinomas from non-epithelial tumours.
Clone number:
AE3
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) is an inhibitor of apoptosis, and its expression is generally abundant in cells which dividing and differentiating. In lymphatic tissue, Bcl-2 is highly expressed in T-cells, maturating B cells as well as mature B-cells. However, expression level in germinal center B-cells is downregulated. Overexpression of the Bcl-2 is common in leukemia and various carcinomas and sarcomas. Overexpression is common especially in non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Bcl-2 is helpful to classification of the follicular lymphoma or other lymphomas
B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) is an inhibitor of apoptosis, and its expression is generally abundant in cells which dividing and differentiating. In lymphatic tissue, Bcl-2 is highly expressed in T-cells, maturating B cells as well as mature B-cells. However, expression level in germinal center B-cells is downregulated. Overexpression of the Bcl-2 is common in leukemia and various carcinomas and sarcomas. Overexpression is common especially in non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Bcl-2 is helpful to classification of the follicular lymphoma or other lymphomas
E.coli-derived human Beclin 1 recombinant protein (Position: M1-S354). Human Beclin 1 shares 97% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat Beclin 1.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Beclin-1, also known as also known as ATG6 or VPS30 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BECN1 gene. Beclin-1 and its binding partner class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), also named Vps34, are required for the initiation of the formation of the autophagosome in autophagy. This gene participates in the regulation of autophagy and has an important role in development, tumorigenesis, and neurodegeneration. Schizophrenia is associated with low levels of Beclin-1 in the hippocampus of the affected which causes diminished autophagywhich in turn results in increased neuronal cell death. It has been found that beclin-1 can promote autophagy in autophagy-defective yeast with a targeted disruption of apg6/vps30, and in human MCF7 breast carcinoma cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
The antibody BAP-13 is specific for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons.<br> The antibody BAP-13 inhibits DNA adduct formation (this ability was investigated in rat liver microsomes spiked with calf thymus DNA and 7,8-diol-B[a]P).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Benzo[a]pyrenyl-1-butyric acid conjugated to BSA.
Applications:
ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody BAP-13 is specific for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon and inhibits DNA adduct formation (this ability was investigated in rat liver microsomes spiked with calf thymus DNA and 7,8-diol-B[a]P).
Clone number:
BAP-13
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: The antibody BAP-13 is suitable for immunocytochemical analysis of DNA and protein adducts of benzo[a]pyrene in tissues of various species.
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein involved both in cell adhesion and in activation of transcription. Calcium-dependent intercellular adhesion transmembrane glycoprotein E-cadherin interacts by its cytoplasmic domain with reciprocally bound alpha, beta and gamma catenin. Beta-catenin links this complex through alpha-actinin to the cytoskeleton. Functional cadherin-catenin system is important for invasiveness of tumour cells. Beta-catenin level in cytoplasm is controlled by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. When activity of this kinase is blocked (e.g. by excessive stimulation of Wnt signaling pathway), hypophosphorylated stable form of beta-catenin accumulates in the cytoplasm, translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription of genes including those that are involved in cell cycle control. As a result, cell division and neoplastic transformation are promoted.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human beta-catenin
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-22 reacts with C-terminal part of beta-catenin (intracellular antigen), an 88 kDa multifunctional protein involved both in cell adhesion and in activation of transcription.
Clone number:
EM-22
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Positive control: HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Western blotting: Positive control: HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, FHC human cell line, DLD1 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, KW1 murine cell line, C57MG murine cell line, 3T3 murine fibroblast cell line. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
The antibody B31.15 reacts with human beta Endorphin, an endogenous opiate derived from ACTH gene. ACTH (Corticotropin; human 39 aa) is synthesized by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex; 6 hormones are derived from one ACTH gene: ACTH, lipotropin, alpha-MSH, beta-MSH, endorphin, and one other.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human beta Endorphin (full length native protein).
Applications:
IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody B31.15 reacts with human beta Endorphin, an endogenous opiate derived from ACTH gene. ACTH (Corticotropin; human 39 aa) is synthesized by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex; 6 hormones are derived from one ACTH gene: ACTH, lipotropin, alpha-MSH, beta-MSH, endorphin, and one other.
Clone number:
B31.15
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; standard ABC technique (DAB+), heat retrieval (microwave oven), incubation: overnight at 4°C; positive tissue: human pituitary gland.
Choriogonadotropin (hCG) is a protein of the molecular weight about 40 kDa. It belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family together with lutropin (LH), follitropin (FSH) and thyrotropin (TSH). Choriogonadotropin is synthesised by trophoblastic cells of the placenta during pregnancy and stimulates the growth of corpus luteum. The other hormones are produced by anterior pituitary gland. All these hormones are structurally related, being composed of two noncovalently associated subunits alpha and beta.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human chorionic gonadotropin.
Applications:
ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody HCG-61 reacts with beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, a 40 kDa hormone. hCG belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family together with lutropin (LH), follitropin (FSH) and thyrotropin (TSH). hCG is synthesised by trophoblastic cells of the placenta during pregnancy and stimulates the growth of corpus luteum. The HCG-61 antibody reacts with association constant 5.1 x 1010 l/mol. Following cross-reactivity (%) was determined by classic double-antibody RIA using unlabelled hormones: beta-hCG (77), alpha-hCG (1.3), hLH (0.86), hFSH (< 0.5), hTSH (< 0.5).
The betaIII isoform of tubulin is present dominantly in cells of neuronal origin and it is one of the earliest markers of neuronal differentiation. It is regarded as a specific probe for the cells of neuronal origin as well as for the tumours originating from these cells. The betaIII-tubulin is most abundant in cells of neuronal origin, but was also detected in Sertoli cells of the testis and transiently in non-neuronal embryonic tissues.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide (C) 441-448 coupled to maleimide-activated keyhole limpet hemocyanin via cysteine added to the N-terminus of the neuron-specific peptide.
Applications:
FC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-20 recognizes C-terminal peptide sequence ESESQGPK (aa 441-448) of neuron-specific human betaIII-tubulin.
The betaIII isoform of tubulin is present dominantly in cells of neuronal origin and it is one of the earliest markers of neuronal differentiation. It is regarded as a specific probe for the cells of neuronal origin as well as for the tumours originating from these cells. The betaIII-tubulin is most abundant in cells of neuronal origin, but was also detected in Sertoli cells of the testis and transiently in non-neuronal embryonic tissues.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide (C) 441-448 coupled to maleimide-activated keyhole limpet hemocyanin via cysteine added to the N-terminus of the neuron-specific peptide.
Applications:
FC,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-20 recognizes C-terminal peptide sequence ESESQGPK (aa 441-448) of neuron-specific human betaIII-tubulin.
Clone number:
TU-20
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml; positive control: porcine brain lysate; negative control: HPB-ALL human peripheral blood leukemia cell line; reducing conditions. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml, standard ABC technique (DAB+), pretreatment: 0.1% pepsin (trypsin) in 0.1 M HCl; incubation 30 min in RT; or high temperature citrate buffer antigen retrieval; positive tissue: neuronal tissue. Immunocytochemistry: Positive material: Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer. It is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Beta-subunits of porcine brain tubulin.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-06 recognizes an epitope (aa 81-95) on phylogenetically conserved N-terminal structural domain of beta-tubulin (recognizes all beta-tubulin isoforms) in various species.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer. It is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
beta-tubulin from porcine brain
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-13 recognizes an epitope on N-terminal structural domain of beta-tubulin in various species.
Clone number:
TU-13
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer. It is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Porcine brain microtubule protein MTP-1.
Applications:
ICC,FC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody TU-12 recognizes an epitope located within aa 345-430 of C-terminal domain of beta-tubulin in various species.
Clone number:
TU-12
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: fixed and permeabilized cells.
E.coli-derived human Bid recombinant protein (Position: M1-D195). Human Bid shares 64% and 61% amino acid (aa) sequences identity with mouse and rat Bid, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: BID (BH3-Interacting Domain Death Agonist), is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. The BCL2 family of proteins consists of both antagonists and agonists that regulate apoptosis and compete through dimerization. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Wang et al. (1998) mapped the human BID gene to 22q11. Luo et al. (1998) reported the purification of a cytosolic protein that induces cytochrome c release from mitochondria in response to caspase-8, the apical caspase activated by cell surface death receptors such as FAS and TNF. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion membrane. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity: Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in spleen, bone marrow, cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Isoform 2 is expressed in spleen, pancreas and placenta (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed in lung, pancreas and spleen (at protein level). Isoform 4 is expressed in lung and pancreas (at protein level).
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
HE-10
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): The antibody HE-10 is excellent as a tumour marker in patients of blood group B and 0. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-3 : 100.
Human blood group A antigen belongs to a group of carbohydrate determinats carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; it is detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Human blood group A antigen belongs to a group of carbohydrate determinats carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; it is detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Human blood group A antigen belongs to a group of carbohydrate determinats carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; it is detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells.
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Human blood group A antigen belongs to a group of carbohydrate determinats carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; it is detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Human blood group A antigen belongs to a group of carbohydrate determinats carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins; it is detected on erythrocytes and certain epithelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mixture of erythrocytes of group A1 and glycoprotein fraction isolated from saliva of secretors with blood group A.
Applications:
AGG,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody HE-193 recognizes human blood group A (monofucosyl and difucosyl A antigens with chain types 1 and 2, A antigens with chain types 3, 4, 5, 6) and Forssman antigen.
The antibody 7LE recognizes Lewis<sup>a</sup> blood group antigen, a carbohydrate determinant carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins, expressed in colonic epithelial cells. Lewis<sup>a</sup> may be useful for detection of gastrointestinal, pancreatic and colorectal tumors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mucin isolated by size-exclusion chromatography from an ovarian cyst fluid (pure endocervical type according to the Fenoglio´s classification).
Applications:
IHC,WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 7LE recognizes Lewisa blood group antigen, a carbohydrate determinant carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins, expressed on colonic epithelial cells. Lewisa may be useful for detection of gastrointestinal, pancreatic and colorectal tumors.
The antibody 2-25LE reacts with Lewis<sup>b</sup> blood group antigen, a carbohydrate determinant carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins, detected on erythrocytes, certain epithelial cells, and in secretions of certain individuals.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mucin isolated by size exclusion chromatography from an ovarian cyst fluid (pure endocervical type according to the Fenoglio´s classification).
Applications:
IHC,WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody 2-25LE reacts with Lewisb blood group antigen, a carbohydrate determinant carried on both glycolipids and glycoproteins, detected on the surface of erythrocytes, certain epithelial cells, and in secretions of certain individuals.
s Antibody Diluent for Western Blotting consists of BSA, detergent and antibody stabilizer. This buffer helps to reduce non-specific binding of primary antibody in WB and effectively increase storage time of the primary antibody working solution.
Product Type:
Buffers & Mixes
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for one year. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
CD18, integrin beta2 subunit, forms heterodimers with four types of CD11 molecule to constitute leukocyte (beta2) integrins: alphaLbeta2 (CD11a/CD18, LFA-1), alphaMbeta2 (CD11b/CD18, Mac-1, CR3), alphaXbeta2 (CD11c/CD18) and alphaDbeta2 (CD11d/CD18). In most cases, the response mediated by the integrin is a composite of the functions of its individual subunits. These integrins are essential for proper leukocyte migration, mediating intercellular contacts. Absence of CD18 leads to leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1; severe reduction of CD18 expression leads to the development of a psoriasiform skin disease. CD18 is also a target of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin and is sufficient to mediate leukotoxin-mediated cytolysis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bovine leukocytes.
Applications:
FC,IP,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA35 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD18 antigen (bovine), a 90-95 kDa type I transmembrane protein (integrin) expressed on all leukocytes.
CD41 (platelet glycoprotein IIb, integrin alpha IIb) is composed of two subunits (120 kDa transmembrane alpha chain and 23 kDa extracellular beta chain) and interacts with CD61 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, integrin beta 3) in the presence of calcium to form a functional adhesive protein receptor. CD41/CD61 complex is one of the earliest markers of the megakaryocytic lineage. Upon blood vessel damage, this receptor binds to a variety of proteins including von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, fibronectin and vitronectin, and it is involved in platelet aggregation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bovine trombocytes.
Applications:
FC,IP,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA30 reacts with an extracellular epitope on CD41/CD61 complex (bovine), one of the earliest markers of the megakaryocytic lineage. CD41/CD61 complex acts as the receptor for fibrinogen, fibronectin, Von Willebrand factor, vitronectin, thrombin and mediates platelets aggregation. CD41/CD61 is expressed only by platelets and megakaryocytes; the complex may be absent or strongly reduced in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT). This antibody crossreacts with human platelets.
CD45R, also known as B220, is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase glycoprotein. It is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family kinases, promotes cell survival by modulating integrin-mediated signal transduction pathway and is also involved in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. CD45R expression also identifies a subset of murine bone marrow cells able to form osteoclast-like cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bovine leukocytes.
Applications:
FC,IP,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA103 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD45R antigen (bovine), a single chain type I transmembrane glycoprotein (member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family), a restricted form of the CD45 family. CD45R is an essential regulator of T and B lymphocytes antigen receptor signaling and it is specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells.
CD62L (L-selectin) is an adhesion glycoprotein that is constitutively expressed on the cell surface of leukocytes and mediates their homing to inflammatory sites and peripheral lymph nodes by enabling rolling along the venular wall. CD62L is also involved in activation-induced neutrophil aggregation. Activation-dependent CD62L shedding, however, counteracts neutrophil rolling. CD62L has also signaling roles including enhance of chemokine receptor expression. Similarly to CD62P, the major ligand of CD62L is PSGL-1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bovine leukocytes.
Applications:
FC,IP,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA94 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD62L antigen (bovine). CD62L (L-selectin) is a 74-95 kDa single chain type I glycoprotein expressed on most peripheral blood B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes; it is also present on a subset of NK cells and certain hematopoietic malignant cells.
CD9 belongs to proteins of tetraspanin family that orchestrate cholesterol-associated tetraspanin-enriched signaling microdomains within the plasma membrane, forming complexes with each other as well as with integrins, membrane-anchored growth factors and other proteins. CD9 is involved in cell motility, osteoclastogenesis, neurite outgrowth, myotube formation, and sperm-egg fusion, plays roles in cell attachment and proliferation and is necessary for association of heterologous MHC II molecules on the dendritic cell plasma membrane which is important for effective T cell stimulation. CD9 is also considered as metastasis suppressor in solid tumors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bovine thrombocytes.
Applications:
FC,IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA50 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD9 antigen (bovine), a 24 kDa single transmembrane polypeptide expressed on platelets, monocytes, pre-B lymphocytes, granulocytes and activated T lymphocytes. This antibody crossreacts with CD9 on human platelets.
The antibody IVA285-1 reacts with bovine IgG (light chains). IgG light chains (kappa nad lambda types) consist of a variable region and a constant region and can easily be differentiated by the antigenic properties of the constant region.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Fraction of Bovine immunoglobulin.
Applications:
WB,FC,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody IVA285-1 reacts with bovine Ig (light chains). Ig light chains (kappa and lambda types) consist of a variable region and a constant region and can easily be differentiated by the antigenic properties of the constant region.
Clone number:
IVA285-1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 0,5-1 ?g/ml, overnight at 4°C. Sample preparation: bovine serum, dilution 1:50 in Laemmli reducing buffer, boiled in water bath for 3 min. Reducing conditions, 12% separating gel. The antibody strongly reacts with bovine IgG light chains, weakly reacts with IgM. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
HLA-class I major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens are intrinsic membrane glycoproteins expressed on nucleated cells and noncovalently associated with an invariant beta2 microglobulin. They carry foreign determinants important for immune recognition by cytotoxic T cells, thus important for anti-viral and anti-tumour defence.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
bovine lymphocytes
Applications:
FC,IP,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody IVA26 recognizes an extracellular epitope on MHC class I (alpha + beta2m chains) expressed in various animals.
Bromodexyuridine (BrdU) is a thymidine analog, which is selectively incorporated into the DNA of proliferating cells to provide a marker for the DNA being replicated. The number of proliferating cells can then be detected in cell lysates, tissue sections or suspensions using an antibody specific for the BrdU.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bromodeoxyuridine conjugated to BSA
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody Bu20a reacts specifically with BrdU incorporated into DNA during S-phase of a cell cycle. It is useful for detecting proliferating cells by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry staining.
Clone number:
Bu20a
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
Bromodexyuridine (BrdU) is a thymidine analog, which is selectively incorporated into the DNA of proliferating cells to provide a marker for the DNA being replicated. The number of proliferating cells can then be detected in cell lysates, tissue sections or suspensions using an antibody specific for the BrdU.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bromodeoxyuridine conjugated to BSA
Applications:
FC,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody Bu20a reacts specifically with BrdU incorporated into DNA during S-phase of a cell cycle. It is useful for detecting proliferating cells by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry staining.
Bromodexyuridine (BrdU) is a thymidine analog, which is selectively incorporated into the DNA of proliferating cells to provide a marker for the DNA being replicated. The number of proliferating cells can then be detected in cell lysates, tissue sections or suspensions using an antibody specific for the BrdU.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
5-bromodeoxyuridine conjugated with hemocyanine.
Applications:
IHC,FC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody MoBu-1 reacts specifically with BrdU incorporated into DNA during S-phase of a cell cycle. The antibody MoBu-1 is also useful for detecting proliferating cells by flow cytometry or immunofluorescence staining. It reacts also specifically with 5-bromouridine (BrU).
Brg1 (Brahma-related gene 1) is an ATPase subunit of SWI2/SNF2-like chromatin-remodeling complexes that enable access of regulatory and effector proteins in transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. Although Brg1-containing complexes are not essential for general cell survival, they participate in transcriptional regulation of several hundred genes including those involved in interferon and stress response, immune cells differentiation, neurogenesis, cell cycle etc. and is absolutely necessary for mouse embryogenesis. Brg1 is also involved in cell growth arrest, senescence and tumour supression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially produced GST-fused protein representing 242 C-terminal amino acids of human Brg1.
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The antibody BRG-01 recognizes an epitope within C-terminal part of human Brg1, a 205 kDa catalytic subunit of SWI2/SNF2-family chromatin-remodeling complexes.
Clone number:
BRG-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive control: HEK293 cells.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 betais anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theBUB1Bgene. This gene encodes a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function. The protein has been localized to the kinetochore and plays a role in the inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), delaying the onset of anaphase and ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. Subcellular Localization: Centrosome. Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Kinetochore. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in thymus followed by spleen. Preferentially expressed in tissues with a high mitotic index.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 betais anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theBUB1Bgene. This gene encodes a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function. The protein has been localized to the kinetochore and plays a role in the inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), delaying the onset of anaphase and ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. Subcellular Localization: Centrosome. Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Kinetochore. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in thymus followed by spleen. Preferentially expressed in tissues with a high mitotic index.
Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a member of the zinc metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and is anchored to cell membrane. CA9 is expressed in human gastrointestinal tract, chiefly in stomach, and bile ducts of liver. In neoplasia, high expression levels have been reported in different carcinomas, especially in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. CA9 is also upregulated in hypoxia.
Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a member of the zinc metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and is anchored to cell membrane. CA9 is expressed in human gastrointestinal tract, chiefly in stomach, and bile ducts of liver. In neoplasia, high expression levels have been reported in different carcinomas, especially in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. CA9 is also upregulated in hypoxia.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ488 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ488 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
447
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
650
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
358
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
455
Price to us in GBP:
250.25
Profit:
196.75
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ568 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
124
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
180
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
99
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
126
Price to us in GBP:
69.30
Profit:
54.70
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ568 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ647 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ647 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ680 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ680 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Calnexin (CNX) is a 67 kDa integral protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. This gene encodes a member of the calnexin family of molecular chaperones. The encoded protein is a calcium-binding, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that interacts transiently with newly synthesized N-linked glycoproteins, facilitating protein folding and assembly. It may also play a central role in the quality control of protein folding by retaining incorrectly folded protein subunits within the ER for degradation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein and it is expressed in neurons and in nervous system. Calretinin is also expressed in mesothelial cells and steroid producing cells eg. Leydig cells and adrenal cortical cells as well as fat cells and some neuroendocrine cells. Calretinin located in the cells to nucleus and cytoplasm. Calretinin is useful for mesothelioma diagnostic (differentiate diagnostic between mesothelioma from carcinoma) and it is expressed in most malignant mesothelioma.
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein and it is expressed in neurons and in nervous system. Calretinin is also expressed in mesothelial cells and steroid producing cells eg. Leydig cells and adrenal cortical cells as well as fat cells and some neuroendocrine cells. Calretinin located in the cells to nucleus and cytoplasm. Calretinin is useful for mesothelioma diagnostic (differentiate diagnostic between mesothelioma from carcinoma) and it is expressed in most malignant mesothelioma.
One of the most frequent causes of man infertility is defective sperm acrosome. This damage can be detected using antibodies against intra-acrosomal proteins. Besides diagnostics of sperm pathology, monoclonal antibodies against intra-acrosomal proteins can be used for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Freshly ejaculated dog sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid, lyophylized and subsequently used for immunization.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody Ds-2 reacts with canine intra-acrosomal sperm protein (92 and 42 kDa), a testis-specific acrosomal vesicle protein 1 associated with the acrosomal membranes and matrix of the mature sperm.
Clone number:
Ds-2
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Membrane permeabilization (acetone) is essential.
The antibody ND1 reacts with HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1) capsid protein p24 (gp24). <br>Specificity of antibody ND1 was verified by Western Blotting in reducing conditions with Sanofi Pasteur NEW LAV-BLOT I kit. Epitope was reported to be located within the amino acids 51-110.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
HIV-1 p24 C-terminal peptide.
Applications:
WB,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody ND1 reacts with HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1) capsid protein p24 (gp24). Specificity of antibody ND1 was verified by Western blotting in reducing conditions with Sanofi Pasteur NEW LAV-BLOT I kit. Epitope was reported to be located within the amino acids 51-110.
E.coli-derived human CA1 recombinant protein (Position: D9-F261). Human CA1 shares 78.5% and 81% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CA1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene. It is a member of the Carbonic anhydrase. The CA1 gene is mapped to 8q22. CAI has got about 260 amino acids. This protein is highly expressed in erythrocytes. As catalysts of the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, CAI participates in a variety of biologic processes like respiration, calcification, acid-base balance etc. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CA1 recombinant protein (Position: D9-F261). Human CA1 shares 78.5% and 81% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CA1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene. It is a member of the Carbonic anhydrase. The CA1 gene is mapped to 8q22. CAI has got about 260 amino acids. This protein is highly expressed in erythrocytes. As catalysts of the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, CAI participates in a variety of biologic processes like respiration, calcification, acid-base balance etc. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Caveolin-1 is a protein which is major structural component of the cell membrane caveolae. Caveolae is structure of the cell membrane invagination. Caveolin-1 is widely expressed in the normal tissue, eg. muscle tissue, vascular endothelia, fibroblasts and adipocytes. Caveolin-1 is useful in lung marker panel, especially in differentiating diagnosis of the epithelioid mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma.
Caveolin-1 is a protein which is major structural component of the cell membrane caveolae. Caveolae is structure of the cell membrane invagination. Caveolin-1 is widely expressed in the normal tissue, eg. muscle tissue, vascular endothelia, fibroblasts and adipocytes. Caveolin-1 is useful in lung marker panel, especially in differentiating diagnosis of the epithelioid mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CBX8 functions as a transcriptional repressor and has a role in DNA damage response. This gene is mapped to chromosome 17q25.3 based on an alignment of the CBX8 sequence with the genomic sequence (GRCh38). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2 or CD192 (cluster of differentiation 192) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR2 gene. It is mapped to 3p21.31. The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is involved in monocyte infiltration in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis as well as in the inflammatory response against tumors. The encoded protein mediates agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. This protein can also be a coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Expressed by monocytes and IL2-activated NK cells.
CD10 is a 100kDa glycoprotein, also designated Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. CD10 is also present on breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells.
CD10 is a 100kDa glycoprotein, also designated Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. CD10 is also present on breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells.
CD117 is a cell membrane protein encoded by the c-kit proto-oncogene. CD117 is expressed in mast cells, skin melanocytes and interstitial Cajal cells (ICC). These cells show a strong membrane and cytoplasmic staining. CD117 is also expressed in various epithelia (salivary glands, renal tubular cells etc.). Appendix serves as a good positive and negative control tissue. Neoplasms such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mast cell neoplasms and many other (seminoma, Mercel cell carcinoma etc.) express CD117. This antibody (together with DOG-1, CD34, SMA) is of great importance in the diagnosis of GIST, because of specific treatment of GIST patient with Gleveec.
CD117 is a cell membrane protein encoded by the c-kit proto-oncogene. CD117 is expressed in mast cells, skin melanocytes and interstitial Cajal cells (ICC). These cells show a strong membrane and cytoplasmic staining. CD117 is also expressed in various epithelia (salivary glands, renal tubular cells etc.). Appendix serves as a good positive and negative control tissue. Neoplasms such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mast cell neoplasms and many other (seminoma, Mercel cell carcinoma etc.) express CD117. This antibody (together with DOG-1, CD34, SMA) is of great importance in the diagnosis of GIST, because of specific treatment of GIST patient with Gleveec.
CD11b is a membranous protein with a role in adhesive interactions of many leukocytes, especially macrophages, and subsets of lymphocytes. The expression of CD11b increases during maturation and expression levels vary depending on the type of cell. CD11b can be used as common myeloid and NK cell marker. Useful marker for acute promyelocytic leukemia, hair cell leukemia and AML differentiations. Systemic lupus erythematosus is also shown to be associated with CD11b dysfunction.
CD11b is a membranous protein with a role in adhesive interactions of many leukocytes, especially macrophages, and subsets of lymphocytes. The expression of CD11b increases during maturation and expression levels vary depending on the type of cell. CD11b can be used as common myeloid and NK cell marker. Useful marker for acute promyelocytic leukemia, hair cell leukemia and AML differentiations. Systemic lupus erythematosus is also shown to be associated with CD11b dysfunction.
CD11c is cell surface transmembrane receptor which is mostly expressed on granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, NK-cells, and some of T- and B-lymphocytes. CD11c is useful especially for diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). CD11c can be offer great value for detection panel of HCL with DBA.44, CD103 and other HCL markers
CD11c is cell surface transmembrane receptor which is mostly expressed on granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, NK-cells, and some of T- and B-lymphocytes. CD11c is useful especially for diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). CD11c can be offer great value for detection panel of HCL with DBA.44, CD103 and other HCL markers
CD13 is a transmembrane protease which expressed widely in different tissues and cells. CD13 expressed especially cells of myeloid origin but also eg. in bile canaliculi of liver, fibroblasts, proximal tubules of kidney, and vascular endothelia. CD13 is useful marker for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and differentiating between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-hepatocellular tumors.
CD13 is a transmembrane protease which expressed widely in different tissues and cells. CD13 expressed especially cells of myeloid origin but also eg. in bile canaliculi of liver, fibroblasts, proximal tubules of kidney, and vascular endothelia. CD13 is useful marker for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and differentiating between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-hepatocellular tumors.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
CD14 antigen is a GPI-linked glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55kD. The CD14 antigen is expressed on cells of the myelomonocytic lineage including monocytes, macrophages and Langerhans cells. Low expression is observed on neutrophils and on human B cells. CD14 antigen is a receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). LBP and CD14 antigen serves two physiological roles. These proteins act as opsonin and opsonic receptor, respectively, to promote the phagocytic uptake of bacteria or LPScoated particles by macrophages.
CD14 antigen is a GPI-linked glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55kD. The CD14 antigen is expressed on cells of the myelomonocytic lineage including monocytes, macrophages and Langerhans cells. Low expression is observed on neutrophils and on human B cells. CD14 antigen is a receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). LBP and CD14 antigen serves two physiological roles. These proteins act as opsonin and opsonic receptor, respectively, to promote the phagocytic uptake of bacteria or LPScoated particles by macrophages.
E.coli-derived human CD146 recombinant protein (Position: H59-A401). Human CD146 shares 73% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat CD146.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD146 (cluster of differentiation 146), also known as the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, is a 113kDa cell adhesion molecule currently used as a marker for endothelial cell lineage. MCAM, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is homologous to several cell adhesion molecules and is associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. By radiation hybrid analysis, this gene is mapped to chromosome 11q23.3. MCAM has been demonstrated to appear on a small subset of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. MCAM has been seen as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells isolated from multiple adult and fetal organs, and its expression may be linked to multipotency mesenchymal stem cells with greater differentiation potential express higher levels of MCAM on the cell surface. Subcellular Localization: Membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Detected in endothelial cells in vascular tissue throughout the body. May appear at the surface of neural crest cells during their embryonic migration. Appears to be limited to vascular smooth muscle in normal adult tissues. Associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. Expressed most strongly on metastatic lesions and advanced primary tumors and is only rarely detected in benign melanocytic nevi and thin primary melanomas with a low probability of metastasis.
E.coli-derived human CD146 recombinant protein (Position: H59-A401). Human CD146 shares 73% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat CD146.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD146 (cluster of differentiation 146), also known as the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, is a 113kDa cell adhesion molecule currently used as a marker for endothelial cell lineage. MCAM, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is homologous to several cell adhesion molecules and is associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. By radiation hybrid analysis, this gene is mapped to chromosome 11q23.3. MCAM has been demonstrated to appear on a small subset of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. MCAM has been seen as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells isolated from multiple adult and fetal organs, and its expression may be linked to multipotency mesenchymal stem cells with greater differentiation potential express higher levels of MCAM on the cell surface. Subcellular Localization: Membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Detected in endothelial cells in vascular tissue throughout the body. May appear at the surface of neural crest cells during their embryonic migration. Appears to be limited to vascular smooth muscle in normal adult tissues. Associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. Expressed most strongly on metastatic lesions and advanced primary tumors and is only rarely detected in benign melanocytic nevi and thin primary melanomas with a low probability of metastasis.
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
CD2 is a surface antigen of the human T-lymphocyte lineage that is expressed on all peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. It is one of the earliest T-cell markers, being present on more than 95% of thymocytes; it is also found on some natural killer cells but not on B lymphocytes. CD2 antibody is useful for lymphoma diagnostic.
CD2 is a surface antigen of the human T-lymphocyte lineage that is expressed on all peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. It is one of the earliest T-cell markers, being present on more than 95% of thymocytes; it is also found on some natural killer cells but not on B lymphocytes. CD2 antibody is useful for lymphoma diagnostic.
The CD20 antigen is present on human pre B lymphocytes and on B lymphocytes at all stages of maturation, except on plasma cells. Low level expression of the CD20 antigen has been detected on subpopulation of T lymphocytes. CD20 is expressed widely in the large majority of cases of B-cell leukaemia and lymphoma. The CD20 molecule is involved in regulation of B cell differentiation, presumably via its reported function as a Ca++ channel subunit.
The CD20 antigen is present on human pre B lymphocytes and on B lymphocytes at all stages of maturation, except on plasma cells. Low level expression of the CD20 antigen has been detected on subpopulation of T lymphocytes. CD20 is expressed widely in the large majority of cases of B-cell leukaemia and lymphoma. The CD20 molecule is involved in regulation of B cell differentiation, presumably via its reported function as a Ca++ channel subunit.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD20, also known as MS4A1, is an activated-glycosylated phosphoprotein expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity. It is mapped to 11q12.2. This gene encodes a member of the membrane-spanning 4A gene family. The function of CD20 is to enable optimal B-cell immune response, specifically against T-independent antigens. It is suspected that CD20 acts as a calcium channel in the cell membrane. Whats more, this protein may be involved in the regulation of B-cell activation and proliferation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
CD22 protein may be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. CD22 is expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of B-cells. CD22 is especially useful in diagnostics of hairy cell leukemia and classification of the B-cell lymphomas.
CD22 protein may be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. CD22 is expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of B-cells. CD22 is especially useful in diagnostics of hairy cell leukemia and classification of the B-cell lymphomas.
The human leukocyte differentiation antigen CD23 (FCER2) is a key molecule for B-cell activation and growth. It is the low-affinity receptor for IgE. The truncated molecule can be secreted, then functioning as a potent mitogenic growth factor. It is expressed on most mature, conventional B cells (but not on peritoneal CD5+ B cells), and can also be found on the surface of T cells, macrophages, platelets and EBV transformed B lymphoblasts. Expression of CD23 has been detected in neoplastic cells from cases of B cell chronic Lymphocytic leukemia. CD23 is expressed by B cells in the follicular mantle zone but not by proliferating germinal centre cells. CD23 is also expressed by eosinophils. CD23 is distinct from the high affinity IgE receptors found on basophils and mast cells, which mediate allergic reactions. The low affinity receptors are thought to play a role in isotype specific immunoregulation. The regulation of CD23 surface expression appears to be integral with the complex IgE system, which involves interactions of cells, cytokines, antibodies and regulatory factors.
The human leukocyte differentiation antigen CD23 (FCER2) is a key molecule for B-cell activation and growth. It is the low-affinity receptor for IgE. The truncated molecule can be secreted, then functioning as a potent mitogenic growth factor. It is expressed on most mature, conventional B cells (but not on peritoneal CD5+ B cells), and can also be found on the surface of T cells, macrophages, platelets and EBV transformed B lymphoblasts. Expression of CD23 has been detected in neoplastic cells from cases of B cell chronic Lymphocytic leukemia. CD23 is expressed by B cells in the follicular mantle zone but not by proliferating germinal centre cells. CD23 is also expressed by eosinophils. CD23 is distinct from the high affinity IgE receptors found on basophils and mast cells, which mediate allergic reactions. The low affinity receptors are thought to play a role in isotype specific immunoregulation. The regulation of CD23 surface expression appears to be integral with the complex IgE system, which involves interactions of cells, cytokines, antibodies and regulatory factors.
E.coli-derived human CD31 recombinant protein (Position: Q28-G382). Human CD31 shares 65% and 68% amino acid (aa) sequences identity with mouse and rat CD31, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD31 also known as Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), is a protein that in human is encoded by the PECAM1 gene. Encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, CD31 is mapped to 17q23.3. CD31 is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions. It is demonstrated that CD31 expression on human PBSCs may positively affect both neutrophil and platelet engraftment. Meanwhile, CD31 is involved in leukocyte migration and angiogenesis, which are key components of venous thrombus resolution. Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Membrane raft. Cell junction. Tissue Specificity: Expressed on platelets and leukocytes and is primarily concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells. Expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (at protein level). Expressed on neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform Long predominates in all tissues examined. Isoform Delta12 is detected only in trachea. Isoform Delta14-15 is only detected in lung. Isoform Delta14 is detected in all tissues examined with the strongest expression in heart. Isoform Delta15 is expressed in brain, testis, ovary, cell surface of platelets, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Jurkat T-cell leukemia, human erythroleukemia (HEL) and U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (at protein level).
CD325 (N-cadherin) is a type I transmembrane protein, which forms a complex with catenins, that is linked to the actin cytoskeleton. This complex is important in synapses and for functional plasticity of neurons, and is also essential for embryonic development. Decreased CD325 cleavage caused by mutations in presenilin 1 is associated with Alzheimer´s disease. Besides nervous system, CD325 is expressed on the surface of malignant T cells, and increases their adhesion to epithelia, as well as their ability to invade and metastasize to inflammatory sites.
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
bacterially expressed extracellular domain of human CD325
CD34 is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 110 kD that is selectively expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts. It could act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 is highly expressed on hematopoietic progenitors, as well as on endothelial cells. CD34 has been used to measure angiogenesis, which reportedly predicts tumor recurrence.
CD34 is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 110 kD that is selectively expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts. It could act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 is highly expressed on hematopoietic progenitors, as well as on endothelial cells. CD34 has been used to measure angiogenesis, which reportedly predicts tumor recurrence.
CD370 / CLEC9A, also known as DNGR1, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with extracellular C-type lectin domain and intracellular ITAM-containing domain. Its expression is restricted to BDCA3+ conventional dendritic cells and to a subset of CD14+ CD16- monocytes. CD370 serves as a receptor for ubiquitous preformed acid-labile protein associated ligands that are exposed when the cell membrane is damaged, such as on necrotic cells. Its triggering by these ligands mediates recruitment and activation of the tyrosine kinase Syk and leads to their cross-presentation to the immune system.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
RBL-2H3 cells expressing human CLEC9A fused to an HA epitope
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 8F9 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD370 / CLEC9A (DNGR1), a type II transmembrane protein functioning as an endocytic receptor on BDCA31+ dendritic cells and on a subset of CD14+ CD16- monocytes.
Clone number:
8F9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests.
CD370 / CLEC9A, also known as DNGR1, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with extracellular C-type lectin domain and intracellular ITAM-containing domain. Its expression is restricted to BDCA3+ conventional dendritic cells and to a subset of CD14+ CD16- monocytes. CD370 serves as a receptor for ubiquitous preformed acid-labile protein associated ligands that are exposed when the cell membrane is damaged, such as on necrotic cells. Its triggering by these ligands mediates recruitment and activation of the tyrosine kinase Syk and leads to their cross-presentation to the immune system.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
RBL-2H3 cells expressing human CLEC9A fused to an HA epitope
Applications:
FC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 8F9 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD370 / CLEC9A (DNGR1), a type II transmembrane protein functioning as an endocytic receptor on BDCA31+ dendritic cells and on a subset of CD14+ CD16- monocytes.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. CD38 marker is useful for lymphoma diagnostic eg. using in plasmacytoma diagnostic.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. CD38 acts as a NAD glycohydrolase in T lym- phocytes. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. In addition to acting as a signaling receptor, CD38 is also an enzyme capable of producing several calcium-mobilizing metabo- lites, including cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR). CD38 also plays a role in maintaining survival of an invariant NK T (iNKT) cell subset that preferentially contributes to the maintenance of immunological tolerance.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. CD38 marker is useful for lymphoma diagnostic eg. using in plasmacytoma diagnostic.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. CD38 acts as a NAD glycohydrolase in T lym- phocytes. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. In addition to acting as a signaling receptor, CD38 is also an enzyme capable of producing several calcium-mobilizing metabo- lites, including cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR). CD38 also plays a role in maintaining survival of an invariant NK T (iNKT) cell subset that preferentially contributes to the maintenance of immunological tolerance.
CD38 is a widely expressed 45 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein with a short cytoplasmic tail (aa 121), a transmembrane domain (aa 2242) and an extracellular domain (aa 43300) [1]. It is a multifunctional ectoenzyme catalysing multiple reactions and also has a role in signal transduction and calcium signaling.
In the brain CD38 is expressed in neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells and expression was found to increase under neuroinflammatory conditions indicating that it may have a role in the regulation of neuroinflammation. In Alzheimers disease, CD38 immunoreactivity is seen in intracellular tangles and neuropil threads [2].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal Antibody
Format:
50 µg in 50 µl Buffer: PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide from the C-terminal region of human CD38
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
[1] Malavasi, F.; Deaglio, S.; Funaro, A.; Ferrero, E.; Horenstein, A.L.; Ortolan, E.; Vaisitti, T.; Aydin, S. Evolution and Function of the ADP Ribosyl Cyclase/CD38 Gene Family in Physiology and Pathology. Physiol. Rev. 2008, 88, 841886. [2] Otsuka K., Mizuguchi M., Aizawa T., Haga S., Sato M., Inoya H., Namba Y., Machinami R. Immunoreactivity in Alzheimers neurofibrillary tangles (abstract) Brain Pathol. 1994;4:558.
CD38 is a widely expressed 45 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein with a short cytoplasmic tail (aa 121), a transmembrane domain (aa 2242) and an extracellular domain (aa 43300) [1]. It is a multifunctional ectoenzyme catalysing multiple reactions and also has a role in signal transduction and calcium signaling.
In the brain CD38 is expressed in neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells and expression was found to increase under neuroinflammatory conditions indicating that it may have a role in the regulation of neuroinflammation. In Alzheimers disease, CD38 immunoreactivity is seen in intracellular tangles and neuropil threads [2].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal Antibody
Format:
100 µg in 100 µl Buffer: PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide from the C-terminal region of human CD38
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
[1] Malavasi, F.; Deaglio, S.; Funaro, A.; Ferrero, E.; Horenstein, A.L.; Ortolan, E.; Vaisitti, T.; Aydin, S. Evolution and Function of the ADP Ribosyl Cyclase/CD38 Gene Family in Physiology and Pathology. Physiol. Rev. 2008, 88, 841886. [2] Otsuka K., Mizuguchi M., Aizawa T., Haga S., Sato M., Inoya H., Namba Y., Machinami R. Immunoreactivity in Alzheimers neurofibrillary tangles (abstract) Brain Pathol. 1994;4:558.
The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-epsilon polypeptide, which together with CD3-gamma, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development. CD3e is an important pan T-cell marker for the classification of malignant lymphomas and lymphoid leukaemias.
The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-epsilon polypeptide, which together with CD3-gamma, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development. CD3e is an important pan T-cell marker for the classification of malignant lymphomas and lymphoid leukaemias.
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human CD3 proteins isolated from thymus
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody APA1/1 recognizes an activation-dependent intracellular epitope of CD3 epsilon. Exposure of the epitope precedes CD3 phosphorylation and recruitment and activation of ZAP70, which initiates the signaling cascade produced by T-cell activation. APA1/1 provides the earliest known marker for TCR-mediated T cell activation.
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human CD3 proteins isolated from thymus
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody APA1/1 recognizes an activation-dependent intracellular epitope of CD3 epsilon. Exposure of the epitope precedes CD3 phosphorylation and recruitment and activation of ZAP70, which initiates the signaling cascade produced by T-cell activation. APA1/1 provides the earliest known marker for TCR-mediated T cell activation.
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human CD3 proteins isolated from thymus
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody APA1/1 recognizes an activation-dependent intracellular epitope of CD3 epsilon. Exposure of the epitope precedes CD3 phosphorylation and recruitment and activation of ZAP70, which initiates the signaling cascade produced by T-cell activation. APA1/1 provides the earliest known marker for TCR-mediated T cell activation.
Clone number:
APA1/1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.Immunocytochemistry: Fixed and permeabilised cells. The antibody can distinguish TCR-stimulated from non-stimulated cells.
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified human CD3 proteins isolated from thymus
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody APA1/1 recognizes an activation-dependent intracellular epitope of CD3 epsilon. Exposure of the epitope precedes CD3 phosphorylation and recruitment and activation of ZAP70, which initiates the signaling cascade produced by T-cell activation. APA1/1 provides the earliest known marker for TCR-mediated T cell activation.
Clone number:
APA1/1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml; positive control: human T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 (MEM-57) antibody (1 ?g/ml). Sample preparation: At the end of stimulation of T cells, perform staining of surface markers (if required) in PBS + 0.1% BSA for 20 min. on ice. Wash with PBS and fix with 2% formaldehyde, 30 min on ice. Wash with PBS and incubate in PBS + 0,1% saponine, 5 min. RT. Incubate the cells in PBS + 1% BSA + 0.03% saponine, 15 min. on ice. Incubate with fluorescence-labeled APA1/1 antibody (1-2 ?g/ml) in PBS + 1% BSA + 0.03% saponine in dark, 20 min. RT. Wash with PBS + 1% BSA + 0.03% saponine, resuspend in PBS. Immunocytochemistry: Fixed and permeabilised cells. The antibody can distinguish TCR-stimulated from non-stimulated cells.
The protein encoded by this gene is T-cell receptor zeta, which together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is T-cell receptor zeta, which together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
The CD4 is membrane glycoprotein (58kDa) and it is highly expressed on human T-helper lymphocytes and thymocytes, as well as at lower levels on cells from monocyte lineage. CD4 is useful marker for recognition of different subtypes of lymphocytes and in diagnostic for T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and histiocytic neoplasia.
The CD4 is membrane glycoprotein (58kDa) and it is highly expressed on human T-helper lymphocytes and thymocytes, as well as at lower levels on cells from monocyte lineage. CD4 is useful marker for recognition of different subtypes of lymphocytes and in diagnostic for T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and histiocytic neoplasia.
CD43 (leukosialin, sialophorin) is a transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein which expressed in plasma membrane especially in T-lymphocytes, some B-cells and cells from myelomonolineage. It is useful for lymphoma diagnostic and it expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and some B-cell lymphomas.
CD43 (leukosialin, sialophorin) is a transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein which expressed in plasma membrane especially in T-lymphocytes, some B-cells and cells from myelomonolineage. It is useful for lymphoma diagnostic and it expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and some B-cell lymphomas.
The CD44 antigen, also referred as homing cell adhesion molecule (HCAM), is a multi-structural and multifunctional cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cellcell interactions, cell adhesion, and migration. Most tissues are CD44 positive, including astrocyte restricted precursor cells, breast myoepithelial cells, colon, lung type II pneumocytes, red blood cells, stomach, urothelial basal cells, uterus and white blood cells. Negative staining results is seen in testis, kidney tubular epithelium, cardiac muscle, hepatocytes. In disease, positive staining is seen in colorectal carcinoma (most), Langerhans histiocytosis, oligodendroglioma, thymoma, small cell prostate carcinoma.
The CD44 antigen, also referred as homing cell adhesion molecule (HCAM), is a multi-structural and multifunctional cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cellcell interactions, cell adhesion, and migration. Most tissues are CD44 positive, including astrocyte restricted precursor cells, breast myoepithelial cells, colon, lung type II pneumocytes, red blood cells, stomach, urothelial basal cells, uterus and white blood cells. Negative staining results is seen in testis, kidney tubular epithelium, cardiac muscle, hepatocytes. In disease, positive staining is seen in colorectal carcinoma (most), Langerhans histiocytosis, oligodendroglioma, thymoma, small cell prostate carcinoma.
CD45 is transmembrane protein that is present on all differentiated hematopoietic cells (including basophils, granulocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages / histiocytes, mast cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, medullary thymocytes, plasma cells). Erythrocytes and their immediate progenitors do not express CD45 antigen. This antigen is used in routine immunohistochemistry to differentiate between immune cell types, as well as to differentiate hematological malignancies from other tumors. CD 45 is a good marker for AML, ALCL and most B- and T-cell lymphomas. Epithelial tumors, follicular dendritic cell sarcomas, germ cell tumors, melanoma, mesothelioma do not express CD45.
CD45 is transmembrane protein that is present on all differentiated hematopoietic cells (including basophils, granulocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages / histiocytes, mast cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, medullary thymocytes, plasma cells). Erythrocytes and their immediate progenitors do not express CD45 antigen. This antigen is used in routine immunohistochemistry to differentiate between immune cell types, as well as to differentiate hematological malignancies from other tumors. CD 45 is a good marker for AML, ALCL and most B- and T-cell lymphomas. Epithelial tumors, follicular dendritic cell sarcomas, germ cell tumors, melanoma, mesothelioma do not express CD45.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human CD45, different from the related mouse sequence by eight amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by ten amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD45 (Cluster of Differentiation 45), also known as PTPRC, LCA or CD45R, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. It is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. CD45 is a major high molecular mass leukocyte cell surface molecule which is also an integral membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase. The cytogenetic location of CD45 is 1q31.3-q32.1. This gene is especially a prototype for transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Targeted disruption of the CD45 gene leads to enhanced cytokine and interferon receptor-mediated activation of JAKs and STAT proteins. In vitro, CD45 directly dephosphorylates and binds to JAKs. Functionally, CD45 negatively regulates interleukin-3-mediated cellular proliferation, erythropoietin-dependent hematopoiesis, and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo. In addition, CD45 has been best studied in T cells, where it determines T cell receptor signaling thresholds. CD45 is moved into or out of the immunological synapse (IS) membrane microdomain depending on the relative influence of interaction with the extracellular galectin lattice or the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Galectin interaction can be finetuned by varying usage of the heavily Oglycosylated spliced regions and sialylation of Nlinked carbohydrates. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human CD45, different from the related mouse sequence by eight amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by ten amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD45 (Cluster of Differentiation 45), also known as PTPRC, LCA or CD45R, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. It is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. CD45 is a major high molecular mass leukocyte cell surface molecule which is also an integral membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase. The cytogenetic location of CD45 is 1q31.3-q32.1. This gene is especially a prototype for transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Targeted disruption of the CD45 gene leads to enhanced cytokine and interferon receptor-mediated activation of JAKs and STAT proteins. In vitro, CD45 directly dephosphorylates and binds to JAKs. Functionally, CD45 negatively regulates interleukin-3-mediated cellular proliferation, erythropoietin-dependent hematopoiesis, and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo. In addition, CD45 has been best studied in T cells, where it determines T cell receptor signaling thresholds. CD45 is moved into or out of the immunological synapse (IS) membrane microdomain depending on the relative influence of interaction with the extracellular galectin lattice or the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Galectin interaction can be finetuned by varying usage of the heavily Oglycosylated spliced regions and sialylation of Nlinked carbohydrates. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: CD46 complement regulatory protein also known as CD46 (cluster of differentiation 46) and Membrane Cofactor Protein is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system. And the encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. In addition, the encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria. Finally, the protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Mutations at this locus have been associated with susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity: Expressed by all cells except erythrocytes.
CD49f (alpha 6 integrin) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, which noncovalently associates with CD29 (beta 1 integrin) to form VLA-6, and with CD104 (beta 4 integrin) to form alpha6/beta4 integrin complex. CD49f is expressed on platelets, megakaryocytes, monocytes, T cells and thymocytes. It is widely expressed on many cultured adherent cell lines and on epithelia in non-lymphoid tissues. It is important for adhesion to laminins, invasin, and merosin, hence also for cell migration, embryogenesis, metastasis, formation of hemidesmosomes in epithelia, and other processes.
The CD5 antigen is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is expressed on the most mature human T-cells and expression level of CD5 will be increased during T-cell maturation. CD5 is also expressed in a small subset of normal human B-cells as well. CD5 is expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and leukemias and negative expression of the CD5 in T-cell lymphoma indicates a worse prognosis. In B-cell lymphomas eg. small lymphocytic lymphoma, small-cell lymphoma (CD20+), and mantle cell lymphoma are typically CD5 positive and marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, are CD5 negative.
The CD5 antigen is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is expressed on the most mature human T-cells and expression level of CD5 will be increased during T-cell maturation. CD5 is also expressed in a small subset of normal human B-cells as well. CD5 is expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and leukemias and negative expression of the CD5 in T-cell lymphoma indicates a worse prognosis. In B-cell lymphomas eg. small lymphocytic lymphoma, small-cell lymphoma (CD20+), and mantle cell lymphoma are typically CD5 positive and marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, are CD5 negative.
CD50 (ICAM-3) that is expressed in virtually all leukocytes, belongs to the family of the intercellular adhesion molecules. It is also shown to be important part in immune response initiation. CD50 is a useful marker for non-hodgkins lymphoma and it is expressed in almost all the tumors with tendency to be lost in high grade lymphomas.
CD50 (ICAM-3) that is expressed in virtually all leukocytes, belongs to the family of the intercellular adhesion molecules. It is also shown to be important part in immune response initiation. CD50 is a useful marker for non-hodgkins lymphoma and it is expressed in almost all the tumors with tendency to be lost in high grade lymphomas.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Complement decay-accelerating factor, also known as CD55 or DAF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD55 gene. This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Complement decay-accelerating factor, also known as CD55 or DAF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD55 gene. This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. And this protein is a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex, which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. It also plays a role in signal transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency, a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
The CD79 protein is a heterodimer with two CD79a and CD79b phosphoproteins. CD79a is specific for B-cells. The antigen appearing before the pre-B cell stage and it is still expressed at the plasma cell stage. Together with CD20, CD79a is one the most important marker for B-cell neoplasms.
The CD79 protein is a heterodimer with two CD79a and CD79b phosphoproteins. CD79a is specific for B-cells. The antigen appearing before the pre-B cell stage and it is still expressed at the plasma cell stage. Together with CD20, CD79a is one the most important marker for B-cell neoplasms.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B (Cluster of Differentiation 79B), is a human gene. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, It is mapped to 17q23.3. The CD79B protein together with the related CD79A protein, forms a dimer associated with membrane bound immunoglobulin in B-cells, thus forming the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) which is a multimeric complex that includes the antigen-specific component, surface immunoglobulin (Ig). CD79b also can enhances phosphorylation of CD79A, possibly by recruiting kinases which phosphorylate CD79A or by recruiting proteins which bind to CD79A and protect it from dephosphorylation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
CD8 T cell surface antigen belongs to the type I membrane protein and it is heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain linked by two disulfide bonds. CD8 positive T-lymphocytes are cytotoxic cells and it thought to play a role in the process of T-cell mediated killing. CD8 antibody is useful for classification of lymphocytes and malignant lymphomas.
CD8 T cell surface antigen belongs to the type I membrane protein and it is heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain linked by two disulfide bonds. CD8 positive T-lymphocytes are cytotoxic cells and it thought to play a role in the process of T-cell mediated killing. CD8 antibody is useful for classification of lymphocytes and malignant lymphomas.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CDC45 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC45L gene. The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6/Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes. This protein has been shown to interact with MCM7 and DNA polymerase alpha. Studies of the similar gene in Xenopus suggested that this protein play a pivotal role in the loading of DNA polymerase alpha onto chromatin. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1), also known as p34Cdc2 (cell division control protein kinase 2) depends on cyclin A and B and is triggered by a positive feedback loop at the end of G2 phase, which is the key event that initiates mitotic entry. Destruction of cyclin B during metaphase results in inactivation of Cdk1, allowing mitotic exit and cell division. Cdk1 also contributes to the control of DNA replication. Cdk1 can be ihibited by several transcriptional targets of p53, such as p21WAF.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length human Cdk1 protein
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody POH-1 specifically detects Cdk1 (p34Cdc2; an intracellular antigen). Staining of Cdk1 reflects the proliferating potential of respective tissue.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CDK2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase2, is also known as P33. The CDK2 protein was highly homologous to p34(CDC2) kinase and more significantly homologous to Xenopus Eg1 kinase, suggesting that CDK2 is the human homolog of Eg1. The CDK2 gene is mapped to 12q13, the same region to which the CDK4 gene maps. Human cyclin A binds independently to 2 kinases, p34(cdc2) or p33. In adenovirus-transformed cells, the viral E1A oncoprotein seems to associate with p33/cyclin A but not with p34(cdc2)/cyclin A. The gene for p33 shares 65% sequence identity with p34(cdc2). P33(cdk2) plays a unique role in cell cycle regulation of vertebrate cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CDK2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase2, is also known as P33. The CDK2 protein was highly homologous to p34(CDC2) kinase and more significantly homologous to Xenopus Eg1 kinase, suggesting that CDK2 is the human homolog of Eg1. The CDK2 gene is mapped to 12q13, the same region to which the CDK4 gene maps. Human cyclin A binds independently to 2 kinases, p34(cdc2) or p33. In adenovirus-transformed cells, the viral E1A oncoprotein seems to associate with p33/cyclin A but not with p34(cdc2)/cyclin A. The gene for p33 shares 65% sequence identity with p34(cdc2). P33(cdk2) plays a unique role in cell cycle regulation of vertebrate cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
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