Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KIR3DL1 (AA: extra 22-340) expressed in Hek293 cells.
This gene encodes a member of the CD300 glycoprotein family of cell surface proteins found on leukocytes involved in immune response signaling pathways. This gene is located on chromosome 17 in a cluster with all but one of the other family members. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD300A (AA: extra 18-180) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein which is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes which undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. This protein cleaves and activates caspases 6, 7 and 9, and the protein itself is processed by caspases 8, 9 and 10. It is the predominant caspase involved in the cleavage of amyloid-beta 4A precursor protein, which is associated with neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants that encode the same protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CASP3 (AA: 29-175) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. The encoded protein, a component of a cytokine-activated protein complex that is an inhibitor of the essential transcription factor NF-kappa-B complex, phosphorylates sites that trigger the degradation of the inhibitor via the ubiquination pathway, thereby activating the transcription factor.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHUK expressed in E. Coli.
Aurora A plays a role in cell cycle regulation during anaphase and/or telophase, in relation to the function of the centrosome/spindle pole region during chromosome segregation. Aurora A plays a key role during tumor development and progression and is overexpressed in many human cancers including breast, ovarian and colorectal. Aurora A is viewed as a potential target for anticancer drug treatment.Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in testis and weakly in skeletal muscle, thymus and spleen. Also highly expressed in colon, ovarian, prostate, neuroblastoma, breast and cervical cancer cell lines.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AURKA expressed in E. Coli.
The CMRF35 antigen, which was identified by reactivity with a monoclonal antibody, is present on monocytes, neutrophils, and some T and B lymphocytes (Jackson et al., 1992 [PubMed 1349532]).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD300C (AA: 21-183) expressed in E. Coli.
Vimentin, also know as VIM. It is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Vimentin (aa2-466) expressed in E. Coli.
The nuclear lamina consists of a two-dimensional matrix of proteins located next to the inner nuclear membrane. The lamin family of proteins make up the matrix and are highly conserved in evolution. During mitosis, the lamina matrix is reversibly disassembled as the lamin proteins are phosphorylated. Lamin proteins are thought to be involved in nuclear stability, chromatin structure and gene expression. Vertebrate lamins consist of two types, A and B. Through alternate splicing, this gene encodes three type A lamin isoforms. Mutations in this gene lead to several diseases: Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, familial partial lipodystrophy, limb girdle muscular dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LMNA expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, which encode negative regulatory proteins that prevent apoptotic cell death. IAP family members usually contain multiple baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domains, but this gene encodes proteins with only a single BIR domain. The encoded proteins also lack a C-terminus RING finger domain. Gene expression is high during fetal development and in most tumors, yet low in adult tissues. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BIRC5 expressed in E. Coli.
Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions between epithelial, myocardial, and certain other cell types. Desmoglein 3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Currently, three desmoglein subfamily members have been identified and all are members of the cadherin cell adhesion molecule superfamily. These desmoglein gene family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 18. This protein has been identified as the autoantigen of the autoimmune skin blistering disease pemphigus vulgaris. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DSG3 (AA: 55-159) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the zinc finger family of proteins. The gene product contains C2H2-type domains, which are the classical zinc finger domains found in numerous nucleic acid-binding proteins. This protein functions as a regulator of the non-canonical NF-kappaB pathway in lymphotoxin-beta receptor signaling. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A read-through transcript variant composed of ZFP91 and the downstream CNTF gene sequence has been identified, but it is thought to be non-coding. Read-through transcription of ZFP91 and CNTF has also been observed in mouse. A ZFP91-related pseudogene has also been identified on chromosome 2.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ZFP91 (AA: 162-304) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein with a markedly acidic C terminus; the basic N-terminus is highly homologous to the N-terminus of a related gene, CNN1. Members of the CNN gene family all contain similar tandemly repeated motifs. This encoded protein is associated with the cytoskeleton but is not involved in contraction.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CNN3 (AA: 26-130) expressed in E. Coli.
CBX4 (chromobox homolog 4) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with CBX4 include brain cancer. GO annotations related to this gene include chromatin binding and transcription corepressor activity. An important paralog of this gene is CBX8.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CBX4 (AA: 397-514) expressed in E. Coli.
LIN28: lin-28 homolog (C. elegans), also known as CSDD1, ZCCHC1. Entrez Protein NP_078950. LIN28 was first discovered in the nematode C. elegans. It is a heterochronic protein in C. elegans involved in the timing of developmental events and choice of stage specific cell fates. LIN28 expression has been found to be regulated post-transcriptionally by miRNAs in both nematodes and mammals. In humans it is expressed in embryonic stem cells and its expression decreases during differentiation. It is negatively regulated by retinoic acid in neuronal differentiation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of LIN28 (aa93-209) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a family of apoptotic suppressor proteins. Members of this family share a conserved motif termed, baculovirus IAP repeat, which is necessary for their anti-apoptotic function. This protein functions through binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2 and inhibits apoptosis induced by menadione, a potent inducer of free radicals, and interleukin 1-beta converting enzyme. This protein also inhibits at least two members of the caspase family of cell-death proteases, caspase-3 and caspase-7. Mutations in this gene are the cause of X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 2 and 11.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human XIAP (AA: 1-268) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the sialomucin protein family. The encoded protein was originally identified as an important component of glomerular podocytes. Podocytes are highly differentiated epithelial cells with interdigitating foot processes covering the outer aspect of the glomerular basement membrane. Other biological activities of the encoded protein include: binding in a membrane protein complex with Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor to intracellular cytoskeletal elements, playing a role in hematopoetic cell differentiation, and being expressed in vascular endothelium cells and binding to L-selectin. (provided by RefSeq)Tissue specificity: Glomerular epithelium cell (podocyte)
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PODXL expressed in E. Coli.
GFP (Green fluorescence protein) is a 27 kDa protein derived from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, which emits green light when excited by blue light. GFP cDNA produces a fluorescent product when expressed in prokaryotic cells, without the need for exogenous substrates or cofactors. GFP has become an invaluable tool in cell biology research, since its intrinsic fluorescence can be visualized in living cells. GFP fluorescence is stable under fixation conditions and suitable for a variety of applications. GFP has been widely used as a reporter for gene expression, enabling researchers to visualize and localize GFP-tagged proteins within living cells without the need for chemical staining. Other applications of GFP include assessment of protein protein interactions through the yeast two hybrid system and measurement of distance between proteins through fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) protocols. GFP technnology has considerably contributed to a greater understanding of cellular physiology.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of GFP expressed in E. Coli.
This zinc finger gene has been identified at the breakpoints of a recurrent chromosomal translocation reported in endometrial stromal sarcoma. Recombination of these breakpoints results in the fusion of this gene and JAZF1. The protein encoded by this gene contains a zinc finger domain in the C terminus of the coding region.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SUZ12 (AA: 1-139) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and is a serine protease inhibitor whose targets include elastase, plasmin, thrombin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and plasminogen activator. Defects in this gene can cause emphysema or liver disease. Several transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SERPINA1 (AA: 269-419) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the pro-alpha1 chains of type I collagen whose triple helix comprises two alpha1 chains and one alpha2 chain. Type I is a fibril-forming collagen found in most connective tissues and is abundant in bone, cornea, dermis and tendon. Mutations in this gene are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta types I-IV, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VIIA, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Classical type, Caffey Disease and idiopathic osteoporosis. Reciprocal translocations between chromosomes 17 and 22, where this gene and the gene for platelet-derived growth factor beta are located, are associated with a particular type of skin tumor called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, resulting from unregulated expression of the growth factor. Two transcripts, resulting from the use of alternate polyadenylation signals, have been identified for this gene. [provided by R. Dalgleish, Feb 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human COL1A1 (AA: 1219-1464) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a component of SCF complexes, which are composed of this protein, cullin 1, a ring-box protein, and one member of the F-box family of proteins. This protein binds directly to the F-box motif found in F-box proteins. SCF complexes are involved in the regulated ubiquitination of specific protein substrates, which targets them for degradation by the proteosome. Specific F-box proteins recognize different target protein(s), and many specific SCF substrates have been identified including regulators of cell cycle progression and development. Studies have also characterized the protein as an RNA polymerase II elongation factor. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 7.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SKP1 expressed in E. Coli.
EphA3: EPH receptor A3. This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. This gene encodes a protein that binds ephrin-A ligands. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphA3 (aa751-983) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family 2. This protein is a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and for parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase and also a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Defects in this receptor are known to be the cause of Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC), chondrodysplasia Blomstrand type (BOCD), as well as enchodromatosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PTH1R expressed in E. Coli.
T protein p53 binding protein 1 may have a role in checkpoint signaling during mitosis,enhance TP53-mediated transcriptional activation and play a role in the response to DNA damage. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TP53BP1 (AA: 574-773) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor is required for generation and long-term maintenance of T cell immunity. It binds to ligand CD70, and plays a key role in regulating B-cell activation and immunoglobulin synthesis. This receptor transduces signals that lead to the activation of NF-kappaB and MAPK8/JNK. Adaptor proteins TRAF2 and TRAF5 have been shown to mediate the signaling process of this receptor. CD27-binding protein (SIVA), a proapoptotic protein, can bind to this receptor and is thought to play an important role in the apoptosis induced by this receptor.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD27 (AA: extra 20-144) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a histone acetyltransferase and component of the MOZ/MORF protein complex. In addition to its acetyltransferase activity, the encoded protein has transcriptional activation activity in its N-terminal end and transcriptional repression activity in its C-terminal end. This protein is necessary for RUNX2-dependent transcriptional activation and could be involved in brain development. Mutations have been found in patients with genitopatellar syndrome. A translocation of this gene and the CREBBP gene results in acute myeloid leukemias. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KAT6B (AA: 1186-1318) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is activated by phosphorylation and in turn is involved in the phosphorylation of tau proteins MAP2 and MAP4. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MARK3 (AA: 435-658) expressed in E. Coli.
CHUK: conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase. This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. The encoded protein, a component of a cytokine-activated protein complex that is an inhibitor of the essential transcription factor NF-kappa-B complex, phosphorylates sites that trigger the degradation of the inhibitor via the ubiquination pathway, thereby activating the transcription factor.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CHUK (aa500-590) expressed in E. Coli.
Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone (Plunc, now renamed Splunc1) is a small secreted protein expressed in the oropharynx and upper airways of humans, mice, rats, and cows. This protein is structurally homologous to known mediators of host defense against gram-negative bacteria.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of mouse Lplunc1 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into four classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been determined; however, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. The protein encoded by this gene is included in class IV of the sirtuin family.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SIRT7 (AA: 1-105) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a small heme protein that functions as a central component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. The encoded protein associates with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it accepts electrons from cytochrome b and transfers them to the cytochrome oxidase complex. This protein is also involved in initiation of apoptosis. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic thrombocytopenia. Numerous processed pseudogenes of this gene are found throughout the human genome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CYCS (AA: 1-105) expressed in E. Coli.
Integrins are heterodimers comprised of alpha and beta subunits, that are noncovalently associated transmembrane glycoprotein receptors. Different combinations of alpha and beta polypeptides form complexes that vary in their ligand-binding specificities. Integrins mediate cell-matrix or cell-cell adhesion, and transduced signals that regulate gene expression and cell growth. This gene encodes the integrin beta 4 subunit, a receptor for the laminins. This subunit tends to associate with alpha 6 subunit and is likely to play a pivotal role in the biology of invasive carcinoma. Mutations in this gene are associated with epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ITGB4 (AA: 1619-1822) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cytokine receptor family. It is an accessory chain essential for the active interleukin 10 receptor complex. Coexpression of this and IL10RA proteins has been shown to be required for IL10-induced signal transduction. This gene and three other interferon receptor genes, IFAR2, IFNAR1, and IFNGR2, form a class II cytokine receptor gene cluster located in a small region on chromosome 21.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IL10RB (AA: extra 20-220) expressed in E. Coli.
There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases: intestinal, placental, placental-like, and liver/bone/kidney (tissue non-specific). The first three are located together on chromosome 2 while the tissue non-specific form is located on chromosome 1. The product of this gene is a membrane bound glycosylated enzyme, also referred to as the heat stable form, that is expressed primarily in the placenta although it is closely related to the intestinal form of the enzyme as well as to the placental-like form. The coding sequence for this form of alkaline phosphatase is unique in that the 3' untranslated region contains multiple copies of an Alu family repeat. In addition, this gene is polymorphic and three common alleles (type 1, type 2 and type 3) for this form of alkaline phosphatase have been well characterized.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALPP expressed in E. Coli.
APBB1IP (amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family B, member 1 interacting protein) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with APBB1IP include alzheimer's disease, and melanoma, and among its related super-pathways are p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins and Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation). GO annotations related to this gene include phospholipid binding. An important paralog of this gene is GRB7.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human APBB1IP (AA: 1-151) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene interacts with signaling pathways to coordinately regulate cell growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell migration. This tumor suppressor also enhances retinoblastoma 1 gene expression in cancer cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RB1CC1 (AA: 148-244) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a small cellular or pericellular matrix proteoglycan that is closely related in structure to biglycan protein. The encoded protein and biglycan are thought to be the result of a gene duplication. This protein is a component of connective tissue, binds to type I collagen fibrils, and plays a role in matrix assembly. It contains one attached glycosaminoglycan chain. This protein is capable of suppressing the growth of various tumor cell lines. There are multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants known for this gene. This gene is a candidate gene for Marfan syndrome. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DCN (AA: 263-324) expressed in E. Coli.
FCAMR as a receptor for the Fc fragment of IgA and IgM. Binds IgA and IgM with high affinity and mediates their endocytosis. May function in the immune response to microbes mediated by IgA and IgM.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD351 (AA: extra 221-450) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) protein family. TRAF proteins associate with, and mediate the signal transduction from members of the TNF receptor superfamily. This protein directly interacts with TNF receptors, and forms a heterodimeric complex with TRAF1. This protein is required for TNF-alpha-mediated activation of MAPK8/JNK and NF-kappaB. The protein complex formed by this protein and TRAF1 interacts with the inhibitor-of-apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and functions as a mediator of the anti-apoptotic signals from TNF receptors. The interaction of this protein with TRADD, a TNF receptor associated apoptotic signal transducer, ensures the recruitment of IAPs for the direct inhibition of caspase activation. BIRC2/c-IAP1, an apoptosis inhibitor possessing ubiquitin ligase activity, can unbiquitinate and induce the degradation of this protein, and thus potentiate TNF-induced apoptosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the biological validity of only one transcript has been determined.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TRAF2 (AA: 39-188) expressed in E. Coli.
MUC5AC is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with MUC5AC include Barrett Esophagus and Biliary Papillomatosis. Among its related pathways are Metabolism of proteins and CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include extracellular matrix structural constituent. An important paralog of this gene is MUC5B.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MUC5AC (AA: 28-327) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transcription factor containing an ETS DNA-binding domain. The gene can undergo a t(11;22)(q24;q12) translocation with the Ewing sarcoma gene on chromosome 22, which results in a fusion gene that is present in the majority of Ewing sarcoma cases. An acute lymphoblastic leukemia-associated t(4;11)(q21;q23) translocation involving this gene has also been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FLI1 (AA: 303-452) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transcription factor belonging to a family of proteins that share homology with the high mobility group protein-1. The protein encoded by this gene can bind to a functionally important site in the T-cell receptor-alpha enhancer, thereby conferring maximal enhancer activity. This transcription factor is involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, and it may function in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis. Mutations in this gene have been found in somatic sebaceous tumors. This gene has also been linked to other cancers, including androgen-independent prostate cancer. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LEF1 (AA: 33-138) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex. This complex is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates progression through the metaphase to anaphase portion of the cell cycle by ubiquitinating proteins which targets them for degradation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ANAPC1 (AA: 12-155) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. This receptor was identified as a gene induced by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and is thought to be a mediator of EBV effects on B lymphocytes. This receptor is expressed in various lymphoid tissues and activates B and T lymphocytes. It has been shown to control the migration of memory T cells to inflamed tissues, as well as stimulate dendritic cell maturation. The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19/ECL) has been reported to be a specific ligand of this receptor. Signals mediated by this receptor regulate T cell homeostasis in lymph nodes, and may also function in the activation and polarization of T cells, and in chronic inflammation pathogenesis. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD197 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
Protein arginine N-methyltransferases, such as PRMT6, catalyze the sequential transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the side chain nitrogens of arginine residues within proteins to form methylated arginine derivatives and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRMT6 expressed in E. Coli.
BCL9L (B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 9-Like) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Wnt Signaling Pathways: beta-Catenin-dependent Wnt Signaling and Signaling by Wnt. GO annotations related to this gene include transcription coactivator activity and beta-catenin binding. An important paralog of this gene is BCL9.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BCL9L (AA: 606-751) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein that is a member of the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family. This family forms a subset of the larger CD2 cell-surface receptor Ig superfamily. The encoded protein is a homophilic adhesion molecule that is expressed in numerous immune cells types and is involved in regulating receptor-mediated signaling in those cells. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD84 (AA: extra 22-225) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily, and is exclusively expressed in monocytes and macrophages. It functions as an acute phase-regulated receptor involved in the clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages, and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. This protein may also function as an innate immune sensor for bacteria and inducer of local inflammation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD163 (AA: extra 42-259) expressed in E. Coli.
Transcription factors of the nuclear factor ? B (NF-?B)/Rel family is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that regulates many cytokine and Ig genes. It is involved in immune, inflammatory, viral, and acute phase responses. There are five family members in mammals: RelA (p65), c-Rel, RelB, NF-?B1 (p105/p50) and NF-?B2 (p100/p52). The most studied NF-?B complex consists of the p50 and p65 subunits, both containing a 300 amino acid region with homology to the Rel proto-oncogene product. The p50 subunit binds DNA, whereas the p65 subunit is responsible for the interaction of NF-?B with its inhibitor, I?B. In most cell types, the p50/p65 heterodimer is located within the cytoplasm complexed to I?B. This complex prevents nuclear translocation and activity of NF-?B. In response to stimuli such as cytokines, LPS, and viral infections, I?B is phosphorylated at critical residues. This phosphorylation induces dissociation of the I?B/NF-?B complex, allowing the free heterodimeric NF-?B to form a heterotetramer that translocates to the nucleus. In the nucleus, it binds to the ?B site within promoters and enhancers and functions as a transcriptional activator.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NF-?B p65 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cell surface membrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed in pro-B-cells and is thought to play a role in their differentiation. In mice, expression of this gene is induced in the thymus when anti-CD3 antibodies are injected and large numbers of thymocytes undergo apoptosis. Mice deficient for this gene bred on a BALB/c background developed dilated cardiomyopathy and died from congestive heart failure. These studies suggest that this gene product may also be important in T cell function and contribute to the prevention of autoimmune diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PD1 (AA: extra 21-170) expressed in HEK293 cells.
This gene encodes a serine protease. The protein has been localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and interacts with an alternatively spliced form of mitogen-activated protein kinase 14. The protein has also been localized to the mitochondria with release to the cytosol following apoptotic stimulus. The protein is thought to induce apoptosis by binding the apoptosis inhibitory protein baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 4. Nuclear localization of this protein has also been observed. Alternate splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HTRA2 (AA: 278-458) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is imprinted, with preferential expression of the maternal allele. The encoded protein is a tight-binding, strong inhibitor of several G1 cyclin/Cdk complexes and a negative regulator of cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene are implicated in sporadic cancers and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndorome, suggesting that this gene is a tumor suppressor candidate. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDKN1C expressed in E. Coli.
APOA4: apolipoprotein A-IV. Apoliprotein (apo) A-IV gene contains 3 exons separated by two introns. A sequence polymorphism has been identified in the 3'UTR of the third exon. The primary translation product is a 396-residue preprotein which after proteolytic processing is secreted its primary site of synthesis, the intestine, in association with chylomicron particles. Although its precise function is not known, apo A-IV is a potent activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in vitro.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of APOA4 (aa21-396) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cell surface membrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed in pro-B-cells and is thought to play a role in their differentiation. In mice, expression of this gene is induced in the thymus when anti-CD3 antibodies are injected and large numbers of thymocytes undergo apoptosis. Mice deficient for this gene bred on a BALB/c background developed dilated cardiomyopathy and died from congestive heart failure. These studies suggest that this gene product may also be important in T cell function and contribute to the prevention of autoimmune diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PD1 (AA: extra 21-170) expressed in HEK293 cells.
This gene encodes a receptor belonging to the Ig superfamily that is expressed on myeloid cells. This protein amplifies neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial and fungal infections by stimulating release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, as well as increased surface expression of cell activation markers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD354 (AA: extra 21-205) expressed in E. Coli.
PBEF1: nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase. This gene encodes a protein that catalyzes the condensation of nicotinamide with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide, one step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The protein is an adipokine that is localized to the bloodstream and has various functions, including the promotion of vascular smooth muscle cell maturation and inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis. It also activates insulin receptor and has insulin-mimetic effects, lowering blood glucose and improving insulin sensitivity. The protein is highly expressed in visceral fat and serum levels of the protein correlate with obesity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of PBEF1 (aa338-479) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the G-protein coupled receptor 3 protein family. The encoded protein is a metabatropic glutamate receptor, whose signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This protein may be involved in the regulation of neural network activity and synaptic plasticity. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRM5 (AA: extra 458-580) expressed in E. Coli.
Histone methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates Lys-4 of histone H3. H3 Lys-4 methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of genes such as collagenase or insulin. Recruited by IPF1/PDX-1 to the insulin promoter, leading to activate transcription. Has also methyltransferase activity toward non-histone proteins such as p53/TP53, TAF10, and possibly TAF7 by recognizing and binding the [KR]-[STA]-K in substrate proteins. Monomethylates Lys-189 of TAF10, leading to increase the affinity of TAF10 for RNA polymerase II. Monomethylates Lys-372 of p53/TP53, stabilizing p53/TP53 and increasing p53/TP53-mediated transcriptional activation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SETD7 (AA: 107-366) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transmembrane protein which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes and mature T cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD7 (AA: extra 26-180) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the peptide hormones calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide and katacalcin by tissue-specific alternative RNA splicing of the gene transcripts and cleavage of inactive precursor proteins. Calcitonin is involved in calcium regulation and acts to regulate phosphorus metabolism. Calcitonin gene-related peptide functions as a vasodilator and as an antimicrobial peptide while katacalcin is a calcium-lowering peptide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PCT (AA: 26-141) expressed in E. Coli.
ANAPC11 (Anaphase Promoting Complex Subunit 11) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Immune System and Cellular Senescence. GO annotations related to this gene include ubiquitin-protein transferase activity and ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase activity.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ANAPC11 (AA: 1-196) expressed in E. Coli.
Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a protein identified as belonging to both the 28S and the 39S subunits. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4q, 6p, 6q, 7p, and 15q. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MRPL42 (AA: 10-142) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein belongs to the subfamily B class of LIR receptors which contain two or four extracellular immunoglobulin domains, a transmembrane domain, and two to four cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). Several other LIR subfamily B receptors are expressed on immune cells where they bind to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and inhibit stimulation of an immune response. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LILRB5 (AA: extra 24-164) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MLH1 (AA: 381-483) expressed in E. Coli.
BNP (brain natriuretic peptide) belongs to a family of structurally similar peptide hormones, which includes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), BNP, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and urodilatin. ANP and BNP act mainly as cardiac hormones, produced primarily by the atrium and ventricle, respectively, while the gene encoding C-type natriuretic peptide is expressed mainly in the brain. BNP circulates in blood as a peptide hormone with natriuretic, vasodilatory and renin inhibitory properties. It is secreted predominantly by the left ventricular myocytes in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. These peptides are characterized by a common 17 amino acid ring structure with a disulfide bond between two cystein residues. This ring structure shows high homology between different natriuretic.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa (Gly-Leu-Gln-Glu-Gln-Arg-Asn-His-Leu-Gln-Gly-Lys-Leu-Cys) of human BNP, conjugated to KLH.
MDM4, encodes a 490-amino acid protein containing a RING finger domain and a putative nuclear localization signal. The MDM4 putative nuclear localization signal, which all Mdm proteins contain, is located in the C-terminal region of the protein. The mRNA is expressed at a high level in thymus and at lower levels in all other tissues tested. MDM4 protein produced by in vitro translation interacts with p53 via a binding domain located in the N-terminal region of the MDM4 protein. MDM4 shows significant structural similarity to p53-binding protein MDM2.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MDM4 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. The encoded protein is found primarily in motor neurons, where it forms a heterotetramer with GRIN1 to create an excitatory glycine receptor. Variations in this gene have been proposed to be linked to schizophrenia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRIN3B (AA: 135-276) expressed in E. Coli.
GATA3: GATA binding protein 3. The genes for all 4 subunits of the T-cell antigen receptor (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) are controlled by distinct enhancers and their enhancer-binding proteins. Marine and Winoto (1991) identified a common TCR regulatory element by demonstrating binding of the enhancer-binding protein GATA3 to the enhancer elements of all 4 TCR genes. GATA3 had been shown in the chicken to be an enhancer-binding protein containing a zinc finger domain. GATA3 mRNA was demonstrated by Northern blot analysis in T cells but not in B cells, macrophages, or HeLa cell lines. GATA3 is abundantly expressed in the T-lymphocyte lineage and is thought to participate in T-cell receptor gene activation through binding to enhancers. Labastie et al. (1994) cloned the human gene and the 5-prime end of the mouse gene. The human gene comprises 6 exons distributed over 17 kb of DNA. Its 2 zinc fingers are encoded by 2 separate exons highly conserved with those of GATA1,but no other structural homologies between the 2 genes could be found.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of GATA3 (aa175-388) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a testis-specific, differentiation antigen, acrosomal vesicle protein 1, that arises within the acrosomal vesicle during spermatogenesis, and is associated with the acrosomal membranes and matrix of mature sperm. The acrosomal vesicle protein 1 may be involved in sperm-zona binding or penetration. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SP10 (AA: 22-265) expressed in E. Coli.
Emerin is a serine-rich nuclear membrane protein and a member of the nuclear lamina-associated protein family. It mediates membrane anchorage to the cytoskeleton. Dreifuss-Emery muscular dystrophy is an X-linked inherited degenerative myopathy resulting from mutation in the emerin gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human *** (AA: 1-222) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a plasma membrane protein that is important in spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation, and tumor progression. The encoded protein is also a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD147 (AA: extra 138-323) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of a subfamily of RING-finger type E3 ubiquitin ligases. The protein binds to specific DNA sequences, and recruits a histone deacetylase to regulate gene expression. Its expression peaks at late G1 phase and continues during G2 and M phases of the cell cycle. It plays a major role in the G1/S transition by regulating topoisomerase IIalpha and retinoblastoma gene expression, and functions in the p53-dependent DNA damage checkpoint. It is regarded as a hub protein for the integration of epigenetic information. This gene is up-regulated in various cancers, and it is therefore considered to be a therapeutic target. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. A related pseudogene exists on chromosome 12.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human UHRF1 (AA: 616-755) expressed in E. Coli.
EphA6: EPH receptor A6. The Eph subfamily represents the largest group of receptor protein tyrosine kinases identified to date. While the biological activities of these receptors have yet to be determined, there is increasing evidence that they are involved in central nervous system function and in development. The Eph subfamily receptors of human origin (and their murine/avian homologs) include EphA1(Eph), EphA2 (Eck), EphA3 (Hek4), EphA4 (Hek8), EphA5 (Hek7), EphA6 (Hek12),EphA7 (Hek11/MDK1), EphA8 (Hek3), EphB1 (Hek6), EphB2 (Hek5), EphB3(Cek10, Hek2), EphB4 (Htk), EphB5 (Hek9) and EphB6 (Mep). Ligands for Eph receptors include ephrin-A4 (LERK-4) which binds EphA3 and EphB1. Ephrin-A2(ELF-1) has been described as the ligand for EphA4, ephrin-A3 (Ehk1-L) as the ligand for EphA5 and ephrin-B2 (Htk-L) as the ligand for EphB4 (Htk).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphA6 (aa695-795) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the integrin alpha M chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 ('Mac-1'), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 ('CR3'). The alpha M beta 2 integrin is important in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium, and also in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ITGAM (AA: 623-728) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family of proteins and the product of the proto-oncogene MET. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate alpha and beta subunits that are linked via disulfide bonds to form the mature receptor. Further processing of the beta subunit results in the formation of the M10 peptide, which has been shown to reduce lung fibrosis. Binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor, induces dimerization and activation of the receptor, which plays a role in cellular survival, embryogenesis, and cellular migration and invasion. Mutations in this gene are associated with papillary renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and various head and neck cancers. Amplification and overexpression of this gene are also associated with multiple human cancers.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MET (AA: 743-932) expressed in E. Coli.
INHA (A-inhibin subunit precursor, inhibin alpha subunit ), also called inhibin (alpha) ,which is located on chromosome 2q33-q36. Inhibin is a gonadal protein that preferentially suppresses the secretion of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Inhibin comprises of two subunits,Inhibin A and B. Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumor suppressor activity. In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease. In addition to their role in endocrine feedback in the reproductive sytem, inhibins subserve local regulatory roles in numerous extragonadal tissues, including brain, adrenal,bone marrow, placenta, and most notably anterior pituitary. Inhibin alpha subunit gene expression is down regulated in human prostate cancer, suggesting a tumor suppressive role.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human INHA expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a lymphocyte-specific member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. It interacts with calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML). The protein induces activation of the transcription factors NFAT, AP1, and NF-kappa-B and plays a crucial role in humoral immunity by interacting with a TNF ligand. This gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD267 (AA: extra 1-165) expressed in E. Coli.
Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP) are members of the larger family of mitochondrial anion carrier proteins (MACP). UCPs separate oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis with energy dissipated as heat, also referred to as the mitochondrial proton leak. UCPs facilitate the transfer of anions from the inner to the outer mitochondrial membrane and the return transfer of protons from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane. They also reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential in mammalian cells. Tissue specificity occurs for the different UCPs and the exact methods of how UCPs transfer H+/OH- are not known. UCPs contain the three homologous protein domains of MACPs. This gene is expressed in many tissues, with the greatest expression in skeletal muscle. It is thought to play a role in nonshivering thermogenesis, obesity and diabetes. Chromosomal order is 5'-UCP3-UCP2-3'.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human UCP2 (AA: 1-309) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that initiates apoptosis. This protein contains several copies of the WD-40 domain, a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and an ATPase domain (NB-ARC). Upon binding cytochrome c and dATP, this protein forms an oligomeric apoptosome. The apoptosome binds and cleaves caspase 9 preproprotein, releasing its mature, activated form. Activated caspase 9 stimulates the subsequent caspase cascade that commits the cell to apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human APAF1 (AA: 1138-1237) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a proto-oncogene and encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with the related transcription factor MAX. This complex binds to the E box DNA consensus sequence and regulates the transcription of specific target genes. Amplification of this gene is frequently observed in numerous human cancers. Translocations involving this gene are associated with Burkitt lymphoma and multiple myeloma in human patients. There is evidence to show that translation initiates both from an upstream, in-frame non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG start site, resulting in the production of two isoforms with distinct N-termini.
This gene is a member of the protein-tyrosine kinase oncogene family. It encodes a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in the control of cell growth. The protein associates with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms exist.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FYN expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a tyrosine kinase and cell surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors. The encoded protein is involved in the regulation of several pathways, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell migration, lipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, vitamin D metabolism, glucose uptake, and phosphate homeostasis. This protein consists of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment, and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD334 (AA: extra 22-369) expressed in E. Coli.
CSF1, also known as MCSF, is a four-?-helicalbundle cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a disulfide-linked homodimer, and is thought to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound precursors. This protein may be involved in development of the placenta.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CSF1 expressed in E. Coli.
FGF2 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members bind heparin and possess broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. FGF2 is a single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of wound healing and is a potent inducer of anguogenesis. Due to its basic pH, the factor is named FGF-2 (basic FGF, bFGF).Several different forms of the human protein exist ranging from 18-24 kDa in size due to the use of alternative start sites within the fgf-2 gene. It has a 55 percent amino acid residue identity to FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1 and has potent heparin-binding activity. The growth factor is an extremely potent inducer of DNA synthesis in a variety of cell types from mesoderm and neuroectoderm lineages. It was originally named basic fibroblast growth factor based upon its chemical properties and to distinguish it from acidic fibroblast growth factor (FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 1).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of FGF2 expressed in E. Coli.
Cell growth is a fundamental biological process whereby cells accumulate mass and increase in size. The mammalian TOR (mTOR) pathway regulates growth by coordinating energy and nutrient signals with growth factor-derived signals . mTOR is a large protein kinase with two different complexes. One complex contains mTOR, G?L and raptor, which is a target of rapamycin. The other complex, insensitive to rapamycin, includes mTOR, G?L, Sin1 and rictor . The mTOR-rictor complex phosphorylates Ser473 of Akt/PKB in vitro . This phosphorylation is essential for full Akt/PKB activation. Furthermore, an siRNA knockdown of rictor inhibits Ser473 phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes . This complex has also been shown to phosphorylate the rapamycin-resistant mutants of S6K1, another effector of mTOR .
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RICTOR expressed in E. Coli.
Thioredoxin (TRX) is a small ubiquitous protein (MW12kDa) which is exist in a wide variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Trx contains a redox active disulfide/dithiol group within the conserved Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys active site. This antibody is suitable for detecting fusion proteins which encode a Trx-Tag by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The Monoclonal Antibody can detect a little Trx-Tag fusion proteins with negligible cross-reactivity with bacterial, insect, or mammalian lysates.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fusion protein with Thioredoxin (TRX) tag.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, and TIM family of proteins. CD4-positive T helper lymphocytes can be divided into types 1 (Th1) and 2 (Th2) on the basis of their cytokine secretion patterns. Th1 cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity to intracellular pathogens and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, whereas, Th2 cells are involved in the control of extracellular helminthic infections and the promotion of atopic and allergic diseases. This protein is a Th1-specific cell surface protein that regulates macrophage activation, and inhibits Th1-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses, and promotes immunological tolerance.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TIM3 (AA: extra 22-202) expressed in HEK293 cells.
KLHL25 (ectoderm-neural cortex protein 2, ENC2) is a cytoplasmic protein that contains six Kelch regions and a single BTB (POZ) domain. KLHL25 is highly homologus to another Kelch-like protein, ENC1, and it is believed to operate in a manner similar to other Kelch-domain containing proteins. Kelch-domain repeat containing proteins often act as modifiers of Actin fibers. Expressed early in embryogenesis, ENC1 helps to mediate neuronal process formation. It also appears to have a role in neural crest cell differentiation. KLHL25 likely functions as a substrate specific adapter for protein ubiquitinating complexes. KLHL25 is expressed in most tissues with highest expression in brain and liver.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLHL25 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the light subunit of the ferritin protein. Ferritin is the major intracellular iron storage protein in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is composed of 24 subunits of the heavy and light ferritin chains. Variation in ferritin subunit composition may affect the rates of iron uptake and release in different tissues. A major function of ferritin is the storage of iron in a soluble and nontoxic state. Defects in this light chain ferritin gene are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome. This gene has multiple pseudogenes.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FTL (AA: FULL(1-157)) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for immune response. It also serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which, when bound to the encoded protein, initiates survival pathways and cell proliferation. This protein also interacts with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and suppresses the production of amyloid beta (Abeta). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD74 (AA: 1-106) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dynamin superfamily of GTPases. Members of the dynamin-related subfamily, including the S. cerevisiae proteins Dnm1 and Vps1, contain the N-terminal tripartite GTPase domain but do not have the pleckstrin homology or proline-rich domains. This protein establishes mitochondrial morphology through a role in distributing mitochondrial tubules throughout the cytoplasm. The gene has 3 alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different isoforms. These transcripts are alternatively polyadenylated. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DNM1L (AA: 69-213) expressed in E. Coli.
KLF15 (Kruppel-like factor 15), also known as KKLF, DKFZp779M1320. Entrez Protein NP_054798. Sequence analysis predicted that the 416 amino acid KLF15 protein, which is 84% identical to the rat Klf15 protein, contains 3 zinc finger motifs at its C terminus, N-terminal serine-rich stretches, and a central proline-rich segment.KLF15, a kidney-enriched Krueppel-like factor, is a transcriptonal activator that binds the CLCNKA promoter. KLF15, which is a nuclear protein, is expressed primarily in liver, heart, skeletal muscle and kidney tissues but is not detected in lymphoid tissues or bone marrow. KLF15 is an important regulator of GLUT4 in both adipose and muscle tissues.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLF15 expressed in E. Coli.
Albumin is a soluble, monomeric protein which comprises about one-half of the blood serum protein. Albumin functions primarily as a carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and plays a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume. Albumin is a globular unglycosylated serum protein of molecular weight 65,000. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin which has an N-terminal peptide that is removed before the nascent protein is released from the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The product, proalbumin, is in turn cleaved in the Golgi vesicles to produce the secreted albumin.
Interleukine 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine produced primarily by monocytes and to a lesser extent by lymphocytes. This cytokine has pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It down- regulates the expression of Th1 cytokines, MHC class II Ags, and costimulatory molecules on macrophages. It also enhances B cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production. This cytokine can block NF-kappa B activity, and is involved in the regulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Knockout studies in mice suggested the function of this cytokine as an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IL-10 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor contains an extracellular TRAIL-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a truncated cytoplamic death domain. This receptor does not induce apoptosis, and has been shown to play an inhibitory role in TRAIL-induced cell apoptosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFRSF10D (AA: extra 56-211) expressed in E. Coli.
Apoptosis is a cell death process that removes toxic and/or useless cells during mammalian development. The apoptotic process is accompanied by shrinkage and fragmentation of the cells and nuclei and degradation of the chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units. DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is a heterodimeric protein of 40-kD (DFFB) and 45-kD (DFFA) subunits. DFFA is the substrate for caspase-3 and triggers DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DFF becomes activated when DFFA is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA dissociate from DFFB, the active component of DFF. DFFB has been found to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene but the biological validity of some of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DFFB (AA: 1-289) expressed in E. Coli.
DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 has a role in the establishment and regulation of tissue-specific patterns of methylated cytosine residues. Aberrant methylation patterns are associated with certain human tumors and developmental abnormalities. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DNMT1 (AA: 1317-1616) expressed in E. Coli.
Transcription factor with important functions in the development of the eye, nose, central nervous system and pancreas. Required for the differentiation of pancreatic islet alpha cells .PAX6 is the most researched of the PAX genes and appears throughout the literature as a "master control" gene for the development of eyes and other sensory organs, certain neural and epidermal tissues as well as other homologous structures, usually derived from ectodermal tissues. This transcription factor is most famous for its use in the interspecifically induced expression of ectopic eyes and is of medical importance because heterozygous mutants produce a wide spectrum of ocular defects such as Aniridia in humans. This gene encodes paired box gene 6, one of many human homologues of the Drosophila melanogaster gene prd. In addition to the hallmark feature of this gene family, a conserved paired box domain, the encoded protein also contains a homeo box domain. Both domains are known to bind DNA, and function as regulators of gene transcription. This gene is expressed in the developing nervous system, and in developing eyes. Mutations in this gene are known to cause aniridia as well as Peter's anomaly, both ocular diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PAX6 expressed in E. Coli.
The multi-pass membrane protein encoded by this gene belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family and GABA-B receptor subfamily. The GABA-B receptors inhibit neuronal activity through G protein-coupled second-messenger systems, which regulate the release of neurotransmitters, and the activity of ion channels and adenylyl cyclase. This receptor subunit forms an active heterodimeric complex with GABA-B receptor subunit 1, neither of which is effective on its own. Allelic variants of this gene have been associated with nicotine dependence. ; ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GABBR2 (AA: 319-483) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the forkhead/winged-helix (FOX) family of transcription factors. It is expressed in fetal and adult brain as well as in several other organs such as the lung and gut. The protein product contains a FOX DNA-binding domain and a large polyglutamine tract and is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, which may bind directly to approximately 300 to 400 gene promoters in the human genome to regulate the expression of a variety of genes. This gene is required for proper development of speech and language regions of the brain during embryogenesis, and may be involved in a variety of biological pathways and cascades that may ultimately influence language development. Mutations in this gene cause speech-language disorder 1 (SPCH1), also known as autosomal dominant speech and language disorder with orofacial dyspraxia. Multiple alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAPK3 expressed in E. Coli.
Cytokeratin 19, also known as KRT19, CK19, CK19, K1CS, MGC15366. Entrez Protein NP_002267. It is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically expressed in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelopes the developing epidermis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Cytokeratin 19 (aa80-400) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of a family of membrane glycoproteins. This glycoprotein provides selectins with carbohydrate ligands. It may play a role in tumor cell metastasis. It may also function in the protection, maintenance, and adhesion of the lysosome. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct proteins.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD107b (AA: extra 29-168) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, and the junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) family. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein that is localized at the tight junctions of both epithelial and endothelial cells. It acts as an adhesive ligand for interacting with a variety of immune cell types, and may play a role in lymphocyte homing to secondary lymphoid organs. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD322 (AA: extra 29-238) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a homolog of the Drosophila delta gene. The delta gene family encodes Notch ligands that are characterized by a DSL domain, EGF repeats, and a transmembrane domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DLL4 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is the ER to nucleus signalling 1 protein, a human homologue of the yeast Ire1 gene product. This protein possesses intrinsic kinase activity and an endoribonuclease activity and it is important in altering gene expression as a response to endoplasmic reticulum-based stress signals.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ERN1(aa282-433) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cell adhesion protein which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The encoded protein is involved in cell-to-cell interactions as well as cell-matrix interactions during development and differentiation. The encoded protein has been shown to be involved in development of the nervous system, and for cells involved in the expansion of T cells and dendritic cells which play an important role in immune surveillance. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human *** (AA: 568-708) expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene functions in the nucleotide excision repair pathway, and is required for the repair of DNA lesions such as those induced by UV light or formed by electrophilic compounds including cisplatin. The encoded protein forms a heterodimer with the XPF endonuclease (also known as ERCC4), and the heterodimeric endonuclease catalyzes the 5' incision in the process of excising the DNA lesion. The heterodimeric endonuclease is also involved in recombinational DNA repair and in the repair of inter-strand crosslinks. Mutations in this gene result in cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome, and polymorphisms that alter expression of this gene may play a role in carcinogenesis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. The last exon of this gene overlaps with the CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein gene on the opposite strand.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ERCC1 (AA: 1-297) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is expressed only in Langerhans cells which are immature dendritic cells of the epidermis and mucosa. It is localized in the Birbeck granules, organelles present in the cytoplasm of Langerhans cells and consisting of superimposed and zippered membranes. It is a C-type lectin with mannose binding specificity, and it has been proposed that mannose binding by this protein leads to internalization of antigen into Birbeck granules and providing access to a nonclassical antigen-processing pathway. Mutations in this gene result in Birbeck granules deficiency or loss of sugar binding activity. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD207 (AA: 65-328) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. Members of the PAX family typically contain a paired box domain and a paired-type homeodomain. These genes play critical roles during fetal development. Mutations in paired box gene 3 are associated with Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The translocation t(2;13)(q35;q14), which represents a fusion between PAX3 and the forkhead gene, is a frequent finding in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Alternative splicing results in transcripts encoding isoforms with different C-termini. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PAX3 (AA: 142-203) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen that is an important cell surface marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). This protein is present on leukemic cells of pre-B phenotype, which represent 85% of cases of ALL. This protein is not restricted to leukemic cells, however, and is found on a variety of normal tissues. It is a glycoprotein that is particularly abundant in kidney, where it is present on the brush border of proximal tubules and on glomerular epithelium. The protein is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones including glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. This gene, which encodes a 100-kD type II transmembrane glycoprotein, exists in a single copy of greater than 45 kb. The 5' untranslated region of this gene is alternatively spliced, resulting in four separate mRNA transcripts. The coding region is not affected by alternative splicing. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD10 (AA: 52-246) expressed in E. Coli.
FMR1, also known as POF, FMRP, FRAXA. Entrez Protein: NP_002015. It is an RNA-binding protein that associates with polyribosomes and is a likely component of a messenger ribonuclear protein (mRNP) particle The protein may be involved in mRNA trafficking from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. A trinucleotide repeat (CGG) in the 5' UTR is normally found at 6-53 copies, but an expansion to 55-230 repeats is the cause of fragile X syndrome. Expansion of the trinucleotide repeat may also cause one form of premature ovarian failure (POF1). RNA-binding protein that plays a role in intracellular RNA transport and in the regulation of translation of target mRNAs.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FMR1 expressed in E. Coli.
The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) is normally bound at the cell membrane and taken into the cell ending up in lysosomes where the protein is degraded and the cholesterol is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LDLR (AA: 22-150) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for activated protein C, a serine protease activated by and involved in the blood coagulation pathway. The encoded protein is an N-glycosylated type I membrane protein that enhances the activation of protein C. Mutations in this gene have been associated with venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction, as well as with late fetal loss during pregnancy. The encoded protein may also play a role in malarial infection and has been associated with cancer.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD201 (AA: extra 18-210) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is part of a large protein complex that is necessary for autophagy, the major process by which intracellular components are targeted to lysosomes for degradation. Defects in this gene are a cause of susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease type 10 (IBD10). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATG16L1 (AA: 11-257) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes. The active protein is found extracellularly. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010];
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CSF3 (AA: 1-207) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that is similar to a serine/threonine kinase in C. elegans which is involved in axonal elongation. The structure of this protein is similar to the C. elegans protein in that both proteins have an N-terminal kinase domain, a central proline/serine rich (PS) domain, and a C-terminal (C) domain. The gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ULK2 (AA: 1-155) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is expressed ubiquitously with higher levels in fetal than in adult tissues. It encodes a protein sharing 93% sequence identity with the mouse protein. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation syndrome associated with a hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. This gene is mapped to the 165 kb WHS critical region, and may play a role in the phenotype of the WHS or Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome. The encoded protein is found to be capable of reacting with HLA-A2-restricted and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, suggesting a target for use in specific immunotherapy for a large number of cancer patients. This protein has also been shown to be a member of the NELF (negative elongation factor) protein complex that participates in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human WHSC2 (AA: 280-511) expressed in E. Coli.
Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to the kainate family of glutamate receptors, which are composed of four subunits and function as ligand-activated ion channels. It is not certain if the subunit encoded by this gene is subject to RNA editing as the other 2 family members (GRIK1 and GRIK2). A Ser310Ala polymorphism has been associated with schizophrenia, and there are conflicting reports of its association with the pathogenesis of delirium tremens in alcoholics.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRIK3 (AA: extra 32-173) expressed in E. Coli.
Msi2 (musashi homolog 2), also known as MSI2H, is a 328 amino acid protein that localizes to the cytoplasm and contains two RRM (RNA recognition motif) domains. Expressed ubiquitously at low levels, Msi2 functions as an RNA binding protein that, by regulating the expression of target mRNAs, is thought to play a role in the proliferation and maintenance of stem cells within the central nervous system. Msi2 is subject to posttranslational phosphorylation and is upregulated in response to brain injury, suggesting a role in healing and brain tissue regeneration. Chromosomal aberrations involving the Msi2 gene are associated with the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia. Multiple isoforms of Msi2 exist due to alternative splicing events.Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous; detected at low levels.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MSI2 expressed in E. Coli.
Complex II of the respiratory chain, which is specifically involved in the oxidation of succinate, carries electrons from FADH to CoQ. The complex is composed of four nuclear-encoded subunits and is localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The iron-sulfur subunit is highly conserved and contains three cysteine-rich clusters which may comprise the iron-sulfur centers of the enzyme. Sporadic and familial mutations in this gene result in paragangliomas and pheochromocytoma, and support a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and tumorigenesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SDHB (AA: 29-280) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a subunit of the transcription factor complex nuclear factor-kappa-B (NFkB). The NFkB complex is expressed in numerous cell types and functions as a central activator of genes involved in inflammation and immune function. The protein encoded by this gene can function as both a transcriptional activator or repressor depending on its dimerization partner. The p100 full-length protein is co-translationally processed into a p52 active form. Chromosomal rearrangements and translocations of this locus have been observed in B cell lymphomas, some of which may result in the formation of fusion proteins. There is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome 18. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NFKB2 (AA: 712-900) expressed in E. Coli.
Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to class II of the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. It possesses histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. This protein does not bind DNA directly, but through transcription factors MEF2C and MEF2D. It seems to interact in a multiprotein complex with RbAp48 and HDAC3.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HDAC4 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system. The encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. In addition, the encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria. Finally, the protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Mutations at this locus have been associated with susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD46 (AA: extra 35-179) expressed in E. Coli.
Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP(+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. It contains the PTS-1 peroxisomal targeting signal sequence. The presence of this enzyme in peroxisomes suggests roles in the regeneration of NADPH for intraperoxisomal reductions, such as the conversion of 2, 4-dienoyl-CoAs to 3-enoyl-CoAs, as well as in peroxisomal reactions that consume 2-oxoglutarate, namely the alpha-hydroxylation of phytanic acid. The cytoplasmic enzyme serves a significant role in cytoplasmic NADPH production. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IDH1 (AA: 156-298) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the pi3/pi4-kinase family of proteins. The gene product is an enzyme that phosphorylates phosphoinositides on the 3-hydroxyl group of the inositol ring. It is an important modulator of extracellular signals, including those elicited by E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, which plays an important role in maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of epithelia. In addition to its role in promoting assembly of adherens junctions, the protein is thought to play a pivotal role in the regulation of cytotoxicity in NK cells. The gene is located in a commonly deleted segment of chromosome 7 previously identified in myeloid leukemias. Several transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PIK3CG (AA: 1-100) expressed in E. Coli.
EphA8: EPH receptor A8. This gene encodes a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a receptor for ephrin A2, A3 and A5 and plays a role in short-range contact-mediated axonal guidance during development of the mammalian nervous system.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphA8 (aa70-150) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes extensive, tissue-specific, post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. There are eight potential cleavage sites within the preproprotein and, depending on tissue type and the available convertases, processing may yield as many as ten biologically active peptides involved in diverse cellular functions. The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. The antimicrobial melanotropin alpha peptide exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ACTH expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase, and essential for cell cycle G1/S phase transition. This protein associates with and regulated by the regulatory subunits of the complex including cyclin A or E, CDK inhibitor p21Cip1 (CDKN1A) and p27Kip1 (CDKN1B). Its activity is also regulated by its protein phosphorylation. Two alternatively spliced variants and multiple transcription initiation sites of this gene have been reported.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDK2 expressed in E. Coli.
CBP and p300 are large nuclear proteins that bind to many sequence-specific factors involved in cell growth and/or differentiation, including c-jun and the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A. The protein encoded by this gene associates with p300/CBP. It has in vitro and in vivo binding activity with CBP and p300, and competes with E1A for binding sites in p300/CBP. It has histone acetyl transferase activity with core histones and nucleosome core particles, indicating that this protein plays a direct role in transcriptional regulation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KAT2B (AA: 1-142) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a plasma membrane protein that is important in spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation, and tumor progression. The encoded protein is also a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD147 (AA: extra 138-323) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a major constituent of the human complement subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. Deficiency of C1q has been associated with lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis. C1q is composed of 18 polypeptide chains: six A-chains, six B-chains, and six C-chains. Each chain contains a collagen-like region located near the N terminus and a C-terminal globular region. The A-, B-, and C-chains are arranged in the order A-C-B on chromosome 1. This gene encodes the A-chain polypeptide of human complement subcomponent C1q.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human C1QA (AA: 23-167) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a nuclear protein containing a SWIRM domain, a FAD-binding motif, and an amine oxidase domain. This protein is a component of several histone deacetylase complexes, though it silences genes by functioning as a histone demethylase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KDM1A (AA: 55-263) expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors. This family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is responsive to uridine nucleotides, partially responsive to ATP, and not responsive to ADP.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human P2RY4 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
Fibrinogen-like 1 is a member of the fibrinogen family. This protein is homologous to the carboxy terminus of the fibrinogen beta- and gamma- subunits which contains the four conserved cysteines of fibrinogens and fibrinogen related proteins. However, this protein lacks the platelet-binding site, cross-linking region and a thrombin-sensitive site which are necessary for fibrin clot formation. This protein may play a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinomas. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein exist for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FGL1 (AA: 23-312) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. In contrast to cyclin A1, which is present only in germ cells, this cyclin is expressed in all tissues tested. This cyclin binds and activates CDC2 or CDK2 kinases, and thus promotes both cell cycle G1/S and G2/M transitions.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CCNA2 (AA: 105-233) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a regulator of apoptosis and is structurally similar to caspase-8. However, the encoded protein lacks caspase activity and appears to be itself cleaved into two peptides by caspase-8. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, and partial evidence for several more variants exists. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CFLAR (AA: 100-251) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related molecule that binds to the NKG2D receptor on natural killer (NK) cells to trigger release of multiple cytokines and chemokines that in turn contribute to the recruitment and activation of NK cells. The encoded protein undergoes further processing to generate the mature protein that is either anchored to membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety, or secreted. Many malignant cells secrete the encoded protein to evade immunosurveillance by NK cells. This gene is located in a cluster of multiple MHC class I-related genes on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ULBP2 (AA: 26-216) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbws class; in addition to an F-box, this protein contains multiple WD-40 repeats. The encoded protein mediates degradation of CD4 via its interaction with HIV-1 Vpu. It has also been shown to ubiquitinate phosphorylated NFKBIA (nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha), targeting it for degradation and thus activating nuclear factor kappa-B. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. A related pseudogene exists in chromosome 6.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BTRC (AA: 24-151) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This protein and TNF-receptor 1 form a heterocomplex that mediates the recruitment of two anti-apoptotic proteins, c-IAP1 and c-IAP2, which possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The function of IAPs in TNF-receptor signalling is unknown, however, c-IAP1 is thought to potentiate TNF-induced apoptosis by the ubiquitination and degradation of TNF-receptor-associated factor 2, which mediates anti-apoptotic signals. Knockout studies in mice also suggest a role of this protein in protecting neurons from apoptosis by stimulating antioxidative pathways.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD120B (AA: extra 23-257) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. Mutations in these genes have been associated with a complex of diseases termed epidermolysis bullosa simplex. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CK5 (AA: 316-590) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically expressed in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelopes the developing epidermis. The type I cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KRT19 expressed in E. Coli.
RNA-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing and influences mRNA splice site selection and exon inclusion. Its phosphorylation by FYN inhibits its ability to regulate splice site selection. Induces an increased concentration-dependent incorporation of exon in CD44 pre-mRNA by direct binding to purine-rich exonic enhancer. May function as an adapter protein for Src kinases during mitosis. Binds both poly(A) and poly(U) homopolymers. Phosphorylation by PTK6 inhibits its RNA-binding ability (By similarity)
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KHDRBS2 (AA: 160-349) expressed in E. Coli.
L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRM6 (AA: extra 480-585) expressed in E. Coli.
Protein arginine N-methyltransferases, such as CARM1, catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the side chain nitrogens of arginine residues within proteins to form methylated arginine derivatives and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. Protein arginine methylation has been implicated in signal transduction, metabolism of nascent pre-RNA, and transcriptional activation (Frankel et al. 2002 (PubMed 11724789). Tissue specificity: Overexpressed in prostate adenocarcinomas and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CARM1 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes extensive, tissue-specific, post-translational processing via cleavage by subtilisin-like enzymes known as prohormone convertases. There are eight potential cleavage sites within the preproprotein and, depending on tissue type and the available convertases, processing may yield as many as ten biologically active peptides involved in diverse cellular functions. The encoded protein is synthesized mainly in corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary where four cleavage sites are used; adrenocorticotrophin, essential for normal steroidogenesis and the maintenance of normal adrenal weight, and lipotropin beta are the major end products. In other tissues, including the hypothalamus, placenta, and epithelium, all cleavage sites may be used, giving rise to peptides with roles in pain and energy homeostasis, melanocyte stimulation, and immune modulation. These include several distinct melanotropins, lipotropins, and endorphins that are contained within the adrenocorticotrophin and beta-lipotropin peptides. The antimicrobial melanotropin alpha peptide exhibits antibacterial and antifungal activity. Mutations in this gene have been associated with early onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency, and red hair pigmentation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human POMC (AA: 1-150) expressed in E. Coli.
The ihog gene (interference hedgehog), identified by RNA interference in Drosophila cultured cells, encodes a type 1 membrane protein shown here to bind and to mediate response to the active Hedgehog (Hh) protein signal. ihog mutations produce defects characteristic of Hh signaling loss in embryos and imaginal discs, and epistasis analysis places ihog action at or upstream of the negatively acting receptor component, Patched (Ptc). The first of two extracellular fibronectin type III (FNIII) domains of the Ihog protein mediates a specific interaction with Hh protein in vitro, but the second FNIII domain is additionally required for in vivo signaling activity and for Ihog-enhanced binding of Hh protein to cells coexpressing Ptc. Other members of the Ihog family, including Drosophila Boi and mammalian CDO and BOC, also interact with Hh ligands via a specific FNIII domain, thus identifying an evolutionarily conserved family of membrane proteins that function in Hh signal response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IHOG expressed in E. Coli.
Apoptosis is a cell death process that removes toxic and/or useless cells during mammalian development. The apoptotic process is accompanied by shrinkage and fragmentation of the cells and nuclei and degradation of the chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units. DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is a heterodimeric protein of 40-kD (DFFB) and 45-kD (DFFA) subunits. DFFA is the substrate for caspase-3 and triggers DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DFF becomes activated when DFFA is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA dissociate from DFFB, the active component of DFF. DFFB has been found to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DFFA (AA: 179-331) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor with selectivity for three chemokines, termed CXCL9/Mig (monokine induced by interferon-g), CXCL10/IP10 (interferon-g-inducible 10 kDa protein) and CXCL11/I-TAC (interferon-inducible T cell a-chemoattractant). Binding of chemokines to this protein induces cellular responses that are involved in leukocyte traffic, most notably integrin activation, cytoskeletal changes and chemotactic migration. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. One of the isoforms (CXCR3-B) shows high affinity binding to chemokine, CXCL4/PF4 (PMID:12782716).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD183 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
Cdc25C is a tyrosine phosphatase and belongs to the Cdc25 phosphatase family. It has been highly conserved during evolution and it plays a key role in the regulation of cell division. It directs dephosphorylation of cyclin B-bound CDC2 and triggers entry into mitosis. It is also thought to suppress p53-induced growth arrest. Cdc25C is mainly expressed in G2 phase. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, however, the full-length nature of many of them is not known.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDC25C expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle-regulated kinase that appears to be involved in microtubule formation and/or stabilization at the spindle pole during chromosome segregation. The encoded protein is found at the centrosome in interphase cells and at the spindle poles in mitosis. This gene may play a role in tumor development and progression. A processed pseudogene of this gene has been found on chromosome 1, and an unprocessed pseudogene has been found on chromosome 10. Multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AURKA (AA: 268-404) expressed in E. Coli.
The jagged 1 protein encoded by JAG1 is the human homolog of the Drosophilia jagged protein. Human jagged 1 is the ligand for the receptor notch 1, the latter a human homolog of the Drosophilia jagged receptor notch. Mutations that alter the jagged 1 protein cause Alagille syndrome. Jagged 1 signalling through notch 1 has also been shown to play a role in hematopoiesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD339 (AA: extra 47-212) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which contains a regulation of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain and a dishevelled and axin (DIX) domain. The encoded protein interacts with adenomatosis polyposis coli, catenin beta-1, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, protein phosphate 2, and itself. This protein functions as a negative regulator of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 (WNT) signaling pathway and can induce apoptosis. The crystal structure of a portion of this protein, alone and in a complex with other proteins, has been resolved. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastomas, ovarian endometriod adenocarcinomas, and medullablastomas. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AXIN1 (AA: 546-752) expressed in E. Coli.
EPH receptor B4 (EphB4), with 987-amino acid protein (about 108kDa), belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. The Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands, the ephrins, regulate numerous biological processes in developing and adult tissues and have been implicated in cancer progression and in pathological forms of angiogenesis. EphB4 acts as a negative regulator of blood vessel branching and vascular network formation, switching the vascularization program from sprouting angiogenesis to circumferential vessel growth. EphB4 and its ligand ephrinB2 express in several kinds of tumor cells and correlate with tumorigenesis. EphB4 is thus a potential candidate as a predictor of disease outcome in several kinds of tumor and as target for novel therapy.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphB4 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transmembrane protein which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes and mature T cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD7 (AA: 72-175) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the MYC family and encodes a protein with a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain. This protein is located in the nucleus and must dimerize with another bHLH protein in order to bind DNA. Amplification of this gene is associated with a variety of tumors, most notably neuroblastomas. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MYCN (AA: 337-464) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen and is a member of a family that includes at least two type I membrane proteins. This antigen is expressed on most normal epithelial cells and gastrointestinal carcinomas and functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule. The antigen is being used as a target for immunotherapy treatment of human carcinomas. Mutations in this gene result in congenital tufting enteropathy. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EPCAM (AA: 24-265) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen and is a member of a family that includes at least two type I membrane proteins. This antigen is expressed on most normal epithelial cells and gastrointestinal carcinomas and functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule. The antigen is being used as a target for immunotherapy treatment of human carcinomas. Mutations in this gene result in congenital tufting enteropathy. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EPCAM (AA: extra(116-265)) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes transthyretin, one of the three prealbumins including alpha-1-antitrypsin, transthyretin and orosomucoid. Transthyretin is a carrier protein; it transports thyroid hormones in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, and also transports retinol (vitamin A) in the plasma. The protein consists of a tetramer of identical subunits. More than 80 different mutations in this gene have been reported; most mutations are related to amyloid deposition, affecting predominantly peripheral nerve and/or the heart, and a small portion of the gene mutations is non-amyloidogenic. The diseases caused by mutations include amyloidotic polyneuropathy, euthyroid hyperthyroxinaemia, amyloidotic vitreous opacities, cardiomyopathy, oculoleptomeningeal amyloidosis, meningocerebrovascular amyloidosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, etc.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TTR (AA: 1-147) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) family and encodes a nuclear protein with an AT hook DNA-binding domain, a DHHC-type zinc finger, six PHD-type zinc fingers, a SET domain, a post-SET domain and a RING-type zinc finger. This protein is a member of the ASC-2/NCOA6 complex (ASCOM), which possesses histone methylation activity and is involved in transcriptional coactivation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KMT2C (AA: 1-205) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of kinesin-like protein family. This family of proteins are microtubule-dependent molecular motors that transport organelles within cells and move chromosomes during cell division. The C-terminal half of this protein has been shown to bind DNA. Studies with the Xenopus homolog suggests its essential role in metaphase chromosome alignment and maintenance.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KID expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin. The CD1 proteins mediate the presentation of primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin to T cells. The human genome contains five CD1 family genes organized in a cluster on chromosome 1. The CD1 family members are thought to differ in their cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands. The protein encoded by this gene is broadly distributed throughout the endocytic system via a tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been observed, but their full-length nature is not known.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD1C (AA: extra 18-302) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166 (cluster of differentiation 166), which is a member of a subfamily of immunoglobulin receptors with five immunoglobulin-like domains (VVC2C2C2) in the extracellular domain. This protein binds to T-cell differentiation antigene CD6, and is implicated in the processes of cell adhesion and migration. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALCAM (AA: 48-216) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an endocytic receptor involved in several cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, lipid homeostasis, and clearance of apoptotic cells. In addition, the encoded protein is necessary for the A2M-mediated clearance of secreted amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloid, the main component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer patients. Expression of this gene decreases with age and has been found to be lower than controls in brain tissue from Alzheimer patients.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LRP1 (AA: 20-155) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is part of the multimeric HBO1 complex, which possesses histone H4-specific acetyltransferase activity. This activity is required for functional replication origins and is involved in transcriptional activation of some genes. In both cases, the acetylation of histone H4 helps unfold chromatin so that the DNA can be accessed and replicated or transcribed. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KAT7 (AA: 1-200) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) family of cytokines, which are multifunctional peptides that regulate proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and other functions in many cell types. Many cells have TGFB receptors, and the protein positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. The secreted protein is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a mature TGFB1 peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latent TGFB1-binding protein, or in an active form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer. The mature peptide may also form heterodimers with other TGFB family members. This gene is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TGFb1 (AA: 62-195) expressed in E. Coli.
MAP1A and MAP1B are microtubule-associated proteins which mediate the physical interactions between microtubules and components of the cytoskeleton. MAP1A and MAP1B each consist of a heavy chain subunit and multiple light chain subunits. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the light chain subunits and can associate with either MAP1A or MAP1B. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. The expression of variant 1 is suppressed in many tumor cell lines, suggesting that may be involved in carcinogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAP1LC3A (AA: 1-121) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is the putative transforming gene of avian sarcoma virus 17. It encodes a protein which is highly similar to the viral protein, and which interacts directly with specific target DNA sequences to regulate gene expression. This gene is intronless and is mapped to 1p32-p31, a chromosomal region involved in both translocations and deletions in human malignancies.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human c-Jun expressed in E. Coli.
The p70/p80 autoantigen is a nuclear complex consisting of two subunits with molecular masses of approximately 70 and 80 kDa. The complex functions as a single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent helicase. The complex may be involved in the repair of nonhomologous DNA ends such as that required for double-strand break repair, transposition, and V(D)J recombination. High levels of autoantibodies to p70 and p80 have been found in some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human XRCC6 (AA: 6-214) expressed in E. Coli.
In 1990 an oncogene, v-mpl, was identified from the murine myeloproliferative leukemia virus that was capable of immortalizing bone marrow hematopoietic cells from different lineages. In 1992 the human homologue, named, c-mpl, was cloned. Sequence data revealed that c-mpl encoded a protein that was homologous with members of the hematopoietic receptor superfamily. Presence of anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides of c-mpl inhibited megakaryocyte colony formation. The ligand for c-mpl, thrombopoietin, was cloned in 1994. Thrombopoietin was shown to be the major regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet formation. The protein encoded by the c-mpl gene, CD110, is a 635 amino acid transmembrane domain, with two extracellular cytokine receptor domains and two intracellular cytokine receptor box motifs . TPO-R deficient mice were severely thrombocytopenic, emphasizing the important role of CD110 and thrombopoietin in megakaryocyte and platelet formation. Upon binding of thrombopoietin CD110 is dimerized and the JAK family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, as well as the STAT family, the MAPK family, the adaptor protein Shc and the receptors themselves become tyrosine phosphorylated.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MPL expressed in E. Coli.
ERK2 (also designated extracellular-signal-related kinase 2 or mitogen-activated protein kinase 1), with 360-amino acid protein (about 40kDa), belongs to the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The activation of ERK2 requires its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. ERK2 is located in the cytoplasm of resting cells and translocates into the nucleus upon extracellular stimuli by active transport of a dimer. ERK2 is essential for placental development and ERK2 in the trophoblast compartment may be indispensable for the vascularization of the labyrinth.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ERK2 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an integrin beta chain, which combines with multiple different alpha chains to form different integrin heterodimers. Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins that participate in cell adhesion as well as cell-surface mediated signalling. The encoded protein plays an important role in immune response and defects in this gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD18 (AA: extra 559-700) expressed in E. Coli.
Neurofilaments are type IV intermediate filament heteropolymers composed of light, medium, and heavy chains. Neurofilaments comprise the axoskeleton and they functionally maintain the neuronal caliber. They may also play a role in intracellular transport to axons and dendrites. This gene encodes the light chain neurofilament protein. Mutations in this gene cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease types 1F (CMT1F) and 2E (CMT2E), disorders of the peripheral nervous system that are characterized by distinct neuropathies. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome Y.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NEFL expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene is a heat-shock transcription factor. Transcription of heat-shock genes is rapidly induced after temperature stress. Hsp90, by itself and/or associated with multichaperone complexes, is a major repressor of this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HSF1 (AA: 256-359) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes one of two neuropilins, which contain specific protein domains which allow them to participate in several different types of signaling pathways that control cell migration. Neuropilins contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, made up of complement-binding, coagulation factor V/VIII, and meprin domains. These proteins also contains a short membrane-spanning domain and a small cytoplasmic domain. Neuropilins bind many ligands and various types of co-receptors; they affect cell survival, migration, and attraction. Some of the ligands and co-receptors bound by neuropilins are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and semaphorin family members. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide of human Neuropilin-1 (AA: 45-59).
Core binding factor (CBF) is a heterodimeric transcription factor that binds to the core element of many enhancers and promoters. The protein encoded by this gene represents the alpha subunit of CBF and is thought to be involved in the development of normal hematopoiesis. Chromosomal translocations involving this gene are well-documented and have been associated with several types of leukemia. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RUNX1 (AA: 237-337) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166 (cluster of differentiation 166), which is a member of a subfamily of immunoglobulin receptors with five immunoglobulin-like domains (VVC2C2C2) in the extracellular domain. This protein binds to T-cell differentiation antigene CD6, and is implicated in the processes of cell adhesion and migration. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALCAM (AA: 48-216) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a serum protein found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of nearly all nucleated cells. The protein has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. A mutation in this gene has been shown to result in hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human B2M (AA: 21-100) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene, in combination with autophagy protein 12, functions as an E1-like activating enzyme in a ubiquitin-like conjugating system. The encoded protein is involved in several cellular processes, including autophagic vesicle formation, mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, negative regulation of the innate antiviral immune response, lymphocyte development and proliferation, MHC II antigen presentation, adipocyte differentiation, and apoptosis. Several transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATG5 (AA: 144-275) expressed in E. Coli.
The progression of cells through the cell cycle is regulated by a family of protein kinases known as cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). The sequential activation of individual members of this family and their consequent phosphorylation of critical substrates promotes orderly progression through the cell cycle. The cyclins function as differentially expressed positive regulators of Cdks. Negative regulators of the cycle include the p53-inducible 21 kDa WAF1/Cip1 protein designated p21, Kip1 p27 and p16. The complexes formed by Cdk4 and the D-type cyclins have been strongly implicated in the control of cell proliferation during the G1 phase. It has recently been shown that p16 binds to Cdk4 and inhibits the catalytic activity of the Cdk4/cyclin D complex. Moreover, the gene encoding p16 exhibits a high frequency of homozygous deletions and point mutations in established human tumor cell lines.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of P16 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a zinc finger protein that contains a jumonji domain and may play a role in hormone-dependent transcriptional activation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KDM3A (AA: 311-445) expressed in E. Coli.
ZAP70 (zeta-chain associated protein kinase), a 70 kDa member of the SYK tyrosine kinase family, plays a central role in lymphocyte activation and development, and is implicated in several immune disorders. ZAP70 controls TCR(T-cell antigen receptor)-linked signal transduction pathways. Its key role in thymocytes development and mature T lymphocytes activation has been illustrated by the characterization of several human immunodeficiencies presenting with mutations in the ZAP70 gene. ZAP70 is also expressed in several types of B-cell neoplasm and is easily detected by immunohistochemistry, providing a useful prognostic marker in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ZAP70 expressed in E. Coli.
Ki67, also known as MKI67, it is the prototypic cell cycle related nuclear protein, expressed by proliferating cells in all phases of the active cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M phase). It is absent in resting (G0) cells. Ki67 antibodies are useful in establishing the cell growing fraction in neoplasms (immunohistochemically quantified by determining the number of Ki67 positive cells among the total number of resting cells = Ki67 index). In neoplastic tissues the prognostic value is comparable to the tritiated thymidine labelling index. The correlation between low Ki67 index and histologically low grade tumours is strong. Ki67 is routinely used as a neuronal marker of cell cycling and proliferation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa (CEDLAGFKELFQTPG) of human KI67, conjugated to KLH.
This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has three repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. This protein also constitutes a monomer of the N-acetylglucosamine-specific receptor which is postulated to trigger selective recycling of immature GlcNAc-bearing thyroglobulin molecules. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NAGR1 (AA: 17-161) expressed in E. Coli.
SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein functions as a transcriptional modulator activated by transforming growth factor-beta and is thought to play a role in the regulation of carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SMAD3 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. Mutations in these genes have been associated with a complex of diseases termed epidermolysis bullosa simplex. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CK5 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the protein-tyrosine kinase oncogene family. It encodes a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in the control of cell growth. The protein associates with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms exist.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FYN expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter) family and encodes a protein that functions as an insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter. In the absence of insulin, this integral membrane protein is sequestered within the cells of muscle and adipose tissue. Within minutes of insulin stimulation, the protein moves to the cell surface and begins to transport glucose across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SLC2A4 (AA: 224-353 ) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cytokine receptor family. It is an accessory chain essential for the active interleukin 10 receptor complex. Coexpression of this and IL10RA proteins has been shown to be required for IL10-induced signal transduction. This gene and three other interferon receptor genes, IFAR2, IFNAR1, and IFNGR2, form a class II cytokine receptor gene cluster located in a small region on chromosome 21.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IL10RB (AA: extra 20-220) expressed in E. Coli.
Soluble guanylate cyclases are heterodimeric proteins that catalyze the conversion of GTP to 3',5'-cyclic GMP and pyrophosphate. The protein encoded by this gene is an alpha subunit of this complex and it interacts with a beta subunit to form the guanylate cyclase enzyme, which is activated by nitric oxide. Several transcript variants encoding a few different isoforms have been found for this gene. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GUCY1A3 (AA: 22-214) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid and choline. The activity of the encoded enzyme is enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and ADP-ribosylation factor-1. This protein localizes to the peripheral membrane and may be involved in cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation, and/or regulated secretion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLD2 (AA: 834-933) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin. The CD1 proteins mediate the presentation of primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin to T cells. The human genome contains five CD1 family genes organized in a cluster on chromosome 1. The CD1 family members are thought to differ in their cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands. The protein encoded by this gene is broadly distributed throughout the endocytic system via a tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been observed, but their full-length nature is not known.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD1C (AA: extra 18-302) expressed in E. Coli.
L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and it activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that have been divided into three groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5, and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3, while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRM7 (AA: 454-590) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) family. All ICAM proteins are type I transmembrane glycoproteins, contain 2-9 immunoglobulin-like C2-type domains, and bind to the leukocyte adhesion LFA-1 protein. This protein is constitutively and abundantly expressed by all leucocytes and may be the most important ligand for LFA-1 in the initiation of the immune response. It functions not only as an adhesion molecule, but also as a potent signalling molecule. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD50 (AA: extra 30-203) expressed in E. Coli.
The transcription factor ELK1 is a family of member of ETS oncogene family and of the ternary complex factor (TCF) subfamily,which is located on chromosome Xp11.2 and stimulates transcription. binds to purine-rich DNA sequences. Proteins of the TCF subfamily form a ternary complex by binding to the the serum response factor and the serum reponse element in the promoter of the c-fos proto-oncogene. The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear target for the ras-raf-MAPK signaling cascade. Elk1 is phosphorylated by MAP kinase pathways at a cluster of S/T motifs at its C terminus,It appears to be a direct target of activated MAP kinase. Biochemical studies indicate that Elk1 is a good substrate for MAP kinase, the kinetics of Elk1phosphorylation and activation correlate with MAP kinase activity, and interfering mutants of MAP kinase block Elk1 activation in vivo. More recent studies have shown that Elk1 is also a target of the Stress Activated Kinase SAPK/JNK. Phosphorylation of Elk1 has also been implicated in synaptic plasticity in the adult hippocampus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of ELK1 expressed in E. Coli.
ApoO: apolipoprotein O, also known as MYO25, FAM121B, MGC4825. Entrez Protein NP_077027. It is a chrondroitin-sulfate chain containing member of the apolipoprotein family and is an original glycoprotein up-regulated by diabetes in human Heart. Promotes cholesterol efflux from macrophage cells. Detected in HDL, LDL and VLDL. Secreted by a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP)-dependent mechanism, probably as a VLDL-associated protein that is subsequently transferred to HDL. May be involved in myocardium-protective mechanisms against lipid accumulation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of ApoO expressed in E. Coli.
The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) family of proteins share similar domain structure, and are involved in transduction of signals from receptors on the cell surface to the actin cytoskeleton. The presence of a number of different motifs suggests that they are regulated by a number of different stimuli, and interact with multiple proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that these proteins, directly or indirectly, associate with the small GTPase, Cdc42, known to regulate formation of actin filaments, and the cytoskeletal organizing complex, Arp2/3. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare, inherited, X-linked, recessive disease characterized by immune dysregulation and microthrombocytopenia, and is caused by mutations in the WAS gene. The WAS gene product is a cytoplasmic protein, expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells, which show signalling and cytoskeletal abnormalities in WAS patients. A transcript variant arising as a result of alternative promoter usage, and containing a different 5' UTR sequence, has been described, however, its full-length nature is not known.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human WAS (AA: 57-170) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin and functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. This protein was shown to be a dentritic cell survival factor and is involved in the regulation of T cell-dependent immune response. T cell activation was reported to induce expression of this gene and lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. This protein was shown to activate antiapoptotic kinase AKT/PKB through a signaling complex involving SRC kinase and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, which indicated this protein may have a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. Targeted disruption of the related gene in mice led to severe osteopetrosis and a lack of osteoclasts. The deficient mice exhibited defects in early differentiation of T and B lymphocytes, and failed to form lobulo-alveolar mammary structures during pregnancy. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFSF11 (AA: 74-308) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of platelet-activating factor to biologically inactive products. Defects in this gene are a cause of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLA2G7 (AA: 22-441) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes one of the SERCA Ca(2+)-ATPases, which are intracellular pumps located in the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticula of muscle cells. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen, and is involved in muscular excitation and contraction. Mutations in this gene cause some autosomal recessive forms of Brody disease, characterized by increasing impairment of muscular relaxation during exercise. Alternative splicing results in three transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATP2A1 (AA: 487-631) expressed in E. Coli.
Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. Tissue specificity: Occurs in all lipoprotein fractions in plasma. It constitutes 10-20% of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and 1-2% of high density lipoproteins (HDL). APOE is produced in most organs. Significant quantities are produced in liver, brain, spleen, lung, adrenal, ovary, kidney and muscle.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ApoE expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is T-cell receptor zeta, which together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD247 expressed in E. Coli.
The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord. Clinically, ADCA has been divided into three groups: ADCA types I-III. ADCAI is genetically heterogeneous, with five genetic loci, designated spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, being assigned to five different chromosomes. ADCAII, which always presents with retinal degeneration (SCA7), and ADCAIII often referred to as the `pure' cerebellar syndrome (SCA5), are most likely homogeneous disorders. Several SCA genes have been cloned and shown to contain CAG repeats in their coding regions. ADCA is caused by the expansion of the CAG repeats, producing an elongated polyglutamine tract in the corresponding protein. The expanded repeats are variable in size and unstable, usually increasing in size when transmitted to successive generations. The function of the ataxins is not known. This locus has been mapped to chromosome 6, and it has been determined that the diseased allele contains 40-83 CAG repeats, compared to 6-39 in the normal allele, and is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, with one variant encoding multiple distinct proteins, ATXN1 and Alt-ATXN1, due to the use of overlapping alternate reading frames.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATXN1 (AA: 645-815) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear receptor that is closely related to the estrogen receptor. This protein acts as a site-specific transcription regulator and has been also shown to interact with estrogen and the transcripton factor TFIIB by direct protein-protein contact. The binding and regulatory activities of this protein have been demonstrated in the regulation of a variety of genes including lactoferrin, osteopontin, medium-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) and thyroid hormone receptor genes. A processed pseudogene of ESRRA is located on chromosome 13q12.1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ESRRA (AA: 198-376) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the AP-2 family of transcription factors. AP-2 proteins form homo- or hetero-dimers with other AP-2 family members and bind specific DNA sequences. They are thought to stimulate cell proliferation and suppress terminal differentiation of specific cell types during embryonic development. Specific AP-2 family members differ in their expression patterns and binding affinity for different promoters. This protein functions as both a transcriptional activator and repressor. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal dominant Char syndrome, suggesting that this gene functions in the differentiation of neural crest cell derivatives.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TFAP2B (AA: 84-193) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor and is often referred to as DC-SIGN because of its expression on the surface of dendritic cells and macrophages. The encoded protein is involved in the innate immune system and recognizes numerous evolutionarily divergent pathogens ranging from parasites to viruses with a large impact on public health. The protein is organized into three distinct domains: an N-terminal transmembrane domain, a tandem-repeat neck domain and C-type lectin carbohydrate recognition domain. The extracellular region consisting of the C-type lectin and neck domains has a dual function as a pathogen recognition receptor and a cell adhesion receptor by binding carbohydrate ligands on the surface of microbes and endogenous cells. The neck region is important for homo-oligomerization which allows the receptor to bind multivalent ligands with high avidity. Variations in the number of 23 amino acid repeats in the neck domain of this protein are rare but have a significant impact on ligand binding ability. This gene is closely related in terms of both sequence and function to a neighboring gene (GeneID 10332; often referred to as L-SIGN). DC-SIGN and L-SIGN differ in their ligand-binding properties and distribution. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD209 (AA: extra 270-404) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the caudal-related homeobox transcription factor gene family. The encoded protein is a major regulator of intestine-specific genes involved in cell growth an differentiation. This protein also plays a role in early embryonic development of the intestinal tract. Aberrant expression of this gene is associated with intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDX2 (AA: 1-180) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene, a muscle member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, encodes myosin light chain kinase which is a calcium/calmodulin dependent enzyme. This kinase phosphorylates myosin regulatory light chains to facilitate myosin interaction with actin filaments to produce contractile activity. This gene encodes both smooth muscle and nonmuscle isoforms. In addition, using a separate promoter in an intron in the 3' region, it encodes telokin, a small protein identical in sequence to the C-terminus of myosin light chain kinase, that is independently expressed in smooth muscle and functions to stabilize unphosphorylated myosin filaments. A pseudogene is located on the p arm of chromosome 3. Four transcript variants that produce four isoforms of the calcium/calmodulin dependent enzyme have been identified as well as two transcripts that produce two isoforms of telokin. Additional variants have been identified but lack full length transcripts.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MYLK (AA:1375-1524) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein found on the outer membrane of T-lymphocytes as well as some other immune cells. The encoded protein contains three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains and a binding site for an activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule. The gene product is important for continuation of T cell activation. This gene may be associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (PMID: 19525953, 21849685). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD6 (AA: Extra(18-199)) expressed in E. Coli.
CK5 (keratin 5) is a member of the keratin gene family. Biochemically, most members of the CK family fall into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13. At least one member of the acidic family and one member of the basic family is expressed in all epithelial cells. Cytokeratin 5 is expressed in normal basal cells. Mutations of the Cytokeratin5 gene (KRT5) have been shown to result in the autosomal dominant disorderepidermolysis bullosa (EB). Defects in KRT5 are a cause of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CK5 expressed in E. Coli.
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) enhances B-cell survival in vitro and is a regulator of the peripheral B-cell population. Overexpression of Baff in mice results in mature B-cell hyperplasia and symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Also, some SLE patients have increased levels of BAFF in serum. Therefore, it has been proposed that abnormally high levels of BAFF may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by enhancing the survival of autoreactive B cells. The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for BAFF and is a type III transmembrane protein containing a single extracellular cysteine-rich domain. It is thought that this receptor is the principal receptor required for BAFF-mediated mature B-cell survival.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD268 (AA: extra 1-78) expressed in E. Coli.
Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase exist (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution, subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and physiologic function. The type I isoform encoded by this gene, is a cytosolic enzyme and expressed predominantly in the liver as a component of the urea cycle. Inherited deficiency of this enzyme results in argininemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperammonemia. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ARG1 (AA: (1-322)) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the protein kinase superfamily. This protein is a receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family. EGFR is a cell surface protein that binds to epidermal growth factor. Binding of the protein to a ligand induces receptor dimerization and tyrosine autophosphorylation and leads to cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene are associated with lung cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EGFR mutant (AA: 693-893) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It may thus play a role in host defense against viruses. Use of alternative polyadenylation sites to generate different length transcripts has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD283 (AA: 24-217) expressed in E. Coli.
RAB5A (RAB5A, Member RAS Oncogene Family) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with RAB5A include borna disease and choroideremia. Among its related pathways are Ras signaling pathway and Endocytosis. GO annotations related to this gene include GTP binding and GDP binding. An important paralog of this gene is RAB5C.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Rab5a (AA: 1-215) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that can monomethylate Lys-20 of histone H4 to effect transcriptional repression of some genes. The encoded protein is required for cell proliferation and plays a role in chromatin condensation. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KMT5A (AA: 109-272) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein. It is expressed in normal ovarian epithelial cells, but is down-regulated or absent from ovarian carcinoma cell lines, suggesting its role as a tumor suppressor. This protein binds to the SH3 domains of GRB2, an adaptor protein that couples tyrosine kinase receptors to SOS (a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras), via its C-terminal proline-rich sequences, and may thus modulate growth factor/Ras pathways by competing with SOS for binding to GRB2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DOC2 (AA: 652-749) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the BCL-2 family. BCL-2 family members are known to be regulators of programmed cell death. This protein positively regulates cell apoptosis by forming heterodimers with BCL-xL and BCL-2, and reversing their death repressor activity. Proapoptotic activity of this protein is regulated through its phosphorylation. Protein kinases AKT and MAP kinase, as well as protein phosphatase calcineurin were found to be involved in the regulation of this protein. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants which encode the same isoform.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BAD (AA: FULL(1-168)) expressed in E. Coli.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Vimentin expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an essential structural component of the synaptonemal complex. This complex is involved in synapsis, recombination and segregation of meiotic chromosomes. Mutations in this gene are associated with azoospermia in males and susceptibility to pregnancy loss in females. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SYCP3 (AA: 27-128) expressed in E. Coli.
FGR: Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma viral (v-fgr) oncogene homolog, also known as SRC2; c-fgr; c-src2; FLJ43153; MGC75096; p55c-fgr; p58c-fgr. It is a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). The encoded protein contains N-terminal sites for myristylation and palmitylation, a PTK domain, and SH2 and SH3 domains which are involved in mediating protein-protein interactions with phosphotyrosine-containing and proline-rich motifs, respectively. The protein localizes to plasma membrane ruffles, and functions as a negative regulator of cell migration and adhesion triggered by the beta-2 integrin signal transduction pathway. Infection with Epstein-Barr virus results in the overexpression of this gene. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FGR expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein is activated by, and mediates the responses of many cell ligands, such as IL2, IL3, IL7 GM-CSF, erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and different growth hormones. Activation of this protein in myeloma and lymphoma associated with a TEL/JAK2 gene fusion is independent of cell stimulus and has been shown to be essential for the tumorigenesis. The mouse counterpart of this gene is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which suggests the antiapoptotic function of this gene in cells. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human STAT5A (AA: 583-794 ) expressed in E. Coli.
Papilin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in, thin matrix layers during gastrulation, matrix associated with wandering, phagocytic hemocytes, basement membranes and space-filling matrix during Drosophila development.Determination of its cDNA sequence led to the identification of Caenorhabditis and mammalian papilins. A distinctly conserved 'papilin cassette' of domains at the amino-end of papilins is also the carboxyl-end of the ADAMTS subgroup of secreted, matrix-associated metalloproteinases; this cassette contains one thrombospondin type 1 (TSR) domain, a specific cysteine-rich domain and several partial TSR domains. In vitro, papilin non-competitively inhibits procollagen N-proteinase, an ADAMTS metalloproteinase. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PAPLN (AA: 766-870) expressed in E. Coli.
The RBD protein encoded by S gene (part of MN908947.2) is a receptor-binding protein of coronavirus that was shown to bind ACE-2 protein. RBD protein is highly homologius to SARS RBD protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Immunogen Purified recombinant fragment of SARS RBD protein.
ALDH1A1 is an aldehyde dehydrogenase able to oxidize a wide variety of aliphatic aldehydes (retinaldehyde, acetaldehyde, etc.) to the corresponding carboxylic acids (retinoic acid, acetic acid, etc.). ALDH1A1 (also known as RALDH1, ALDH1, or AHD2) is highly expressed in the dorsal retina, ventral midbrain (dopaminergic neurons), and hematopoietic stem cells. ALDH1A1 is involved in retinoic acid (RA) synthesis during vertebrate embryogenesis. ALDH1A1 is first detected at E9.0-E10.5 in cranial tissues (ventral mesencephalon, dorsal retina, thymic primordia, optic vesicles) and in the mesonephros. ALDH1A1 is also of interest in Parkinson's Disease (PD) being expressed in the the A9 dopaminergic (DA) neuronal group projecting to the dorsal striatum; this is the most vulnerable site in PD (Chung et al, 2005). ALDH1A1 protein is a known mesencephalic dopaminergic marker. ALDH1A1 is a cytosolic enzyme that preferentially oxidizes retinaldehyde to retinoic acid .ALDH1A1 is expressed in the epithelium of many organs, including brain, liver, testis, eye lens and cornea .ALDH1A1 is highly expressed in brain dopaminergic neurons, where it produces the retinoic acid required for their differentiation and development .The retinoic acid produced by ALDH1A1 is also important for the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALDH1A1 expressed in E. Coli.
Immunoglobulin M (IgM), along with IgA, IgD, and IgE, make up approximately 20% of the total gamma globulin in the body, with IgG accounting for the other 80%.Each class of antibody gets its designation from the heavy and light peptide chains that make up the antibody structure.IgM is the first immunoglobulin produced during the immune response and the first antibody produced in neonates. Serum levels of IgM are associated with certain autoimmune diseases, and abnormally low levels may indicate the presence of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome, an inherited immunodeficiency disorder. Monoclonal Anti-Human IgM is derived from the hybridoma1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from an immunized mouse.
CD1a is a non polymorphic MHC Class 1 related cell surface glycoprotein, expressed in association with Beta 2 microglobulin. CD1a is expressed by cortical thymocytes, Langerhan's cells and by interdigitating cells. CD1a is also expressed by some malignancies of T cell lineage and in histiocytosis X. Tissue specificity: Expressed on cortical thymocytes, epidermal Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, on certain T-cell leukemias, and in various other tissues.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD1A expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the pulmonary-associated surfactant protein C (SPC), an extremely hydrophobic surfactant protein essential for lung function and homeostasis after birth. Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex composed of 90% lipids and 10% proteins which include plasma proteins and apolipoproteins SPA, SPB, SPC and SPD. The surfactant is secreted by the alveolar cells of the lung and maintains the stability of pulmonary tissue by reducing the surface tension of fluids that coat the lung. Multiple mutations in this gene have been identified, which cause pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction type 2, also called pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to surfactant protein C deficiency, and are associated with interstitial lung disease in older infants, children, and adults. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been identified. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SFTPC (AA: 60-180 ) expressed in E. Coli.
IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor), a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, is widely expressed in many cell types within fetal and postnatal tissues, and in many cell lines. Upon binding to its ligands, IGF-I and IGF-II, receptor autophosphorylation occurs. The triple tyrosine cluster within the kinase domain (Tyr1131, Tyr1135 and Tyr1136) is the earliest major site of autophosphorylation. Phosphorylation of these three tyrosine residues is necessary for kinase activation.Insulin receptors (IRs) share significant similarity with IGF1 receptors in both structure and function,including an equivalent triple tyrosine cluster within the activation loop of the kinase domain (Tyr1146, Tyr1150 and Tyr1151).Tyrosine autophosphorylation of insulin receptor is one of the earliest cellular responses to insulin stimulation. Autophosphorylation begins with phosphorylation of Tyr1146 and either Tyr1150 or Tyr1151. Full kinase activation requires the triple tyrosine phosphorylation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of IGF1R-Beta expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (VLCS). It is capable of activating very long-chain fatty-acids containing 24- and 26-carbons. It is expressed in liver and associated with endoplasmic reticulum but not with peroxisomes. Its primary role is in fatty acid elongation or complex lipid synthesis rather than in degradation. This gene has a mouse ortholog. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SLC27A5 (AA: 508-570 ) expressed in E. Coli.
The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance. The protein encoded by this gene is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump for xenobiotic compounds with broad substrate specificity. It is responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells and often mediates the development of resistance to anticancer drugs. This protein also functions as a transporter in the blood-brain barrier. Mutations in this gene are associated with colchicine resistance and Inflammatory bowel disease 13. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD243 (AA: 1149-1280) expressed in E. Coli.
Crystallin, alpha B. Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. They act as molecular chaperones although they do not renature proteins and release them in the fashion of a true chaperone; instead they hold them in large soluble aggregates. Post-translational modifications decrease the ability to chaperone. These heterogeneous aggregates consist of 30-40 subunits; the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Two additional functions of alpha crystallins are an autokinase activity and participation in the intracellular architecture. Alpha-A and alpha-B gene products are differentially expressed; alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is expressed widely in many tissues and organs. Elevated expression of alpha-B crystallin occurs in many neurological diseases; a missense mutation cosegregated in a family with a desmin-related myopathy.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CRYAB (aa1-175) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of a small family of zinc finger transcription factors that play an important role in the regulation of cellular differentiation and organogenesis during vertebrate development. This gene is expressed during early embryogenesis and localizes to endo- and mesodermally derived cells during later embryogenesis and thereby plays an important role in gut, lung, and heart development. Mutations in this gene are associated with several congenital defects.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GATA6 (AA: 491-557) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a surface antigen that is preferentially expressed on monocytes/macrophages. It cooperates with other proteins to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD14 (AA: 20-214) expressed in E. Coli.
CD38 is a novel multifunctional ectoenzyme widely expressed in cells and tissues especially in leukocytes. CD38 also functions in cell adhesion,signal transduction and calcium signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD38 (AA: Extra(43-300)) expressed in E. Coli.
HSP90 proteins are highly conserved molecular chaperones that have key roles in signal transduction, protein folding, protein degradation, and morphologic evolution. HSP90 proteins normally associate with other cochaperones and play important roles in folding newly synthesized proteins or stabilizing and refolding denatured proteins after stress. There are 2 major cytosolic HSP90 proteins, HSP90AA1, an inducible form, and HSP90AB1 (MIM 140572), a constitutive form. Other HSP90 proteins are found in endoplasmic reticulum (HSP90B1; MIM 191175) and mitochondria (TRAP1; MIM 606219) (Chen et al., 2005 [PubMed 16269234]).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HSP90AA1 expressed in E. Coli.
Cdc27 shares strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Cdc27, and the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe nuc 2. It is a component of the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC), which is composed of eight protein subunits and is highly conserved in eucaryotic cells. The APC catalyzes the formation of the cyclin B ubiquitin conjugate that is responsible for the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis of B type cyclins. This protein and 3 other members of the APC complex contain the TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat), a protein domain important for protein protein interaction. This protein was shown to interact with mitotic checkpoint proteins including Mad2, p55CDC and BUBR1, and thus may be involved in controlling the timing of mitosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDC27 expressed in E. Coli.
Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene has sequence homology to members of the histone deacetylase family. This gene is orthologous to the Xenopus and mouse MITR genes. The MITR protein lacks the histone deacetylase catalytic domain. It represses MEF2 activity through recruitment of multicomponent corepressor complexes that include CtBP and HDACs. This encoded protein may play a role in hematopoiesis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcripts have been described for this gene but the full-length nature of some of them has not been determined.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HDAC9 (AA: 343-569) expressed in E. Coli.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels formed by a pentameric arrangement of alpha and beta subunits to create distinct muscle and neuronal receptors. Neuronal receptors are found throughout the peripheral and central nervous system where they are involved in fast synaptic transmission. This gene encodes an alpha subunit that is widely expressed in the brain. The proposed structure for nAChR subunits is a conserved N-terminal extracellular domain followed by three conserved transmembrane domains, a variable cytoplasmic loop, a fourth conserved transmembrane domain, and a short C-terminal extracellular region. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy type 4. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this gene have been associated with nicotine dependence.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA2 (AA: extra 27-264) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear basic leucine zipper protein that belongs to the AP-1/ATF superfamily of transcription factors. The leucine zipper of this protein mediates dimerization with members of the Jun family of proteins. This protein is thought to be a negative regulator of AP-1/ATF transcriptional events.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BATF (AA:1-126) expressed in E. Coli.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF1) is a transcription factor found in mammalian cells cultured under reduced oxygen tension that plays an essential role in cellular and systemic homeostatic responses to hypoxia. HIF1 is a heterodimer composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit. The beta subunit has been identified as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT). This gene encodes the alpha subunit of HIF-1. Overexpression of a natural antisense transcript (aHIF) of this gene has been shown to be associated with nonpapillary renal carcinomas. Two alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified. (provided by RefSeq) Tissue specificity: Expressed in most tissues with highest levels in kidney and heart. Overexpressed in the majority of common human cancers and their metastases, due to the presence of intratumoral hypoxia and as a result of mutations in genes encoding oncoproteins and tumor suppressors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HIF1A expressed in E. Coli.
Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H4 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in a histone cluster on chromosome 1. This gene is one of four histone genes in the cluster that are duplicated; this record represents the centromeric copy.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide of human HIST2H4A ( AA: GGAKRHRK(Me)VLRDNIQ ).
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. The superfamily includes large families of growth and differentiation factors. Bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. This particular family member plays an important role in the onset of endochondral bone formation in humans, and a reduction in expression has been associated with a variety of bone diseases, including the heritable disorder Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Alternative splicing in the 5' untranslated region of this gene has been described and three variants are described, all encoding an identical protein.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BMP4 (AA: 277-408) expressed in E. Coli.
non-metastatic cells 1,protein,with a nm23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase gene family,involved in the phosphorylation of nucleoside diphosphates,with a reduced expression in tumor progression to the metastatic phenotype,mutated in agressive neuroblastoma,expressed in lung carcinoma cell lines not in normal lung,pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. Involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis, and gene expression. Required for neural development including neural patterning and cell fate determination. Has tumor metastasis-suppressive capacity.Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 is expressed in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen and thymus. Expressed in lung carcinoma cell lines but not in normal lung tissues. Isoform 2 is ubiquitously expressed and its expression is also related to tumor differentiation. Isoform 3 is ubiquitously expressed.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NME1 expressed in E. Coli.
Lymphocyte-activation protein 3 belongs to Ig superfamily and contains 4 extracellular Ig-like domains. The LAG3 gene contains 8 exons. The sequence data, exon/intron organization, and chromosomal localization all indicate a close relationship of LAG3 to CD4.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD223 (AA: extra 66-199) expressed in E. Coli.
The gene encodes a member of the integrin alpha chain family of proteins. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain that function as cell surface adhesion molecules. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate light and heavy chains that comprise the alpha 3 subunit. This subunit joins with a beta 1 subunit to form an integrin that interacts with extracellular matrix proteins including members of the laminin family. Expression of this gene may be correlated with breast cancer metastasis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD49C (AA: extra 63-248) expressed in E. Coli.
PPARG: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of PPARG (aa170-270) expressed in E. Coli.
This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. Two major liver isoforms of aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic and mitochondrial, can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobilities, kinetic properties, and subcellular localizations. Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of Orientals have the cytosolic isozyme but not the mitochondrial isozyme. A remarkably higher frequency of acute alcohol intoxication among Orientals than among Caucasians could be related to the absence of a catalytically active form of the mitochondrial isozyme. The increased exposure to acetaldehyde in individuals with the catalytically inactive form may also confer greater susceptibility to many types of cancer. This gene encodes a mitochondrial isoform, which has a low Km for acetaldehydes, and is localized in mitochondrial matrix. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALDH2 (AA: 317-517) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein. The protein localizes to membrane protrusions and is often expressed on adult stem cells, where it is thought to function in maintaining stem cell properties by suppressing differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been shown to result in retinitis pigmentosa and Stargardt disease. Expression of this gene is also associated with several types of cancer. This gene is expressed from at least five alternative promoters that are expressed in a tissue-dependent manner. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the slingshot homolog (SSH) family of phosphatases, which regulate actin filament dynamics. The SSH proteins dephosphorylate and activate the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, which subsequently binds to actin filaments and stimulates their disassembly. Cofilin is inactivated by kinases such as LIM domain kinase-1 (LIMK1), which may also be dephosphorylated and inactivated by SSH proteins. The SSH family thus appears to play a role in actin dynamics by reactivating cofilin proteins. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide fragment of human SLINGSHOT-1L (AA: 1032-1044 ) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an estrogen receptor, a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, but also play a role in other tissues such as bone. Estrogen receptors are also involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing result in dozens of transcript variants, but the full-length nature of many of these variants has not been determined.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ESR1 (AA: 2-185) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways. This protein mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. The phosphorylation induces the dissociation of this protein with SARA and the association with the family member SMAD4. The association with SMAD4 is important for the translocation of this protein into the nucleus, where it binds to target promoters and forms a transcription repressor complex with other cofactors. This protein can also be phosphorylated by activin type 1 receptor kinase, and mediates the signal from the activin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SMAD2 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an adaptor protein which contains five LIM domains, or double zinc fingers. The protein is likely involved in integrin signaling through its LIM domain-mediated interaction with integrin-linked kinase, found in focal adhesion plaques. It is also thought to act as a bridge linking integrin-linked kinase to NCK adaptor protein 2, which is involved in growth factor receptor kinase signaling pathways. Its localization to the periphery of spreading cells also suggests that this protein may play a role in integrin-mediated cell adhesion or spreading. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PINCH expressed in E. Coli.
CD3 is a component of T cell surface receptor (TCR), it cantains 5 invariable chains: gamma- , delta-, epsilon-, and zeta/eta?Clevers et al. (1988) showed the TCR/CD3 complex consists of either a TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta heterodimer coexpressed at the cell surface with the invariant subunits,CD3 is responsible for the signal transduction of the TCR.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD3 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is one of the three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 is a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes, such as cell division, glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility, protein synthesis, and HIV-1 viral transcription. Mouse studies suggest that PP1 functions as a suppressor of learning and memory. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PPP1CB (AA: 174-327) expressed in E. Coli.
MAP4K4: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. This kinase has been shown to specifically activate MAPK8/JNK. The activation of MAPK8 by this kinase is found to be inhibited by the dominant-negative mutants of MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP2K4/MKK4, and MAP2K7/MKK7, which suggests that this kinase may function through the MAP3K7-MAP2K4-MAP2K7 kinase cascade, and mediate the TNF-alpha signaling pathway. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of MAP4K4 (aa400-500) expressed in E. Coli.
There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases: intestinal, placental, placental-like, and liver/bone/kidney (tissue non-specific). The first three are located together on chromosome 2, while the tissue non-specific form is located on chromosome 1. The product of this gene is a membrane bound glycosylated enzyme that is not expressed in any particular tissue and is, therefore, referred to as the tissue-nonspecific form of the enzyme. The exact physiological function of the alkaline phosphatases is not known. A proposed function of this form of the enzyme is matrix mineralization; however, mice that lack a functional form of this enzyme show normal skeletal development. This enzyme has been linked directly to hypophosphatasia, a disorder that is characterized by hypercalcemia and includes skeletal defects. The character of this disorder can vary, however, depending on the specific mutation since this determines age of onset and severity of symptoms. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ALPL expressed in E. Coli.
Butyrophilin is the major protein associated with fat droplets in the milk. This gene is a member of the BTN2 subfamily of genes, which encode proteins belonging to the butyrophilin protein family. The gene is located in a cluster on chromosome 6, consisting of seven genes belonging to the expanding B7/butyrophilin-like group, a subset of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. The encoded protein is a type I receptor glycoprotein involved in lipid, fatty-acid and sterol metabolism. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BTN2A2 (AA: extra 57-237) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an astacin-like, zinc-dependent, metalloprotease that belongs to the peptidase M12A family. This protease processes procollagen C-propeptides, such as chordin, pro-biglycan and pro-lysyl oxidase. Studies in mice suggest that this gene plays multiple roles in the development of mammalian heart, and is essential for the formation of the interventricular septum. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with atrial septal defect type 6. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TLL1 (AA: 870-1013) expressed in E. Coli.
Specificity of antibody has been tested using Western blot, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. The product reacts with human IgG (Fc) with no significant reactivity with human IgG (Fab2), IgM or other serum proteins. We didn't test crossing with other species IgG (Fc).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified fusion protein with human IgG (Fc Specific) tag.
In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes. Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation. This gene is highly similar to the abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene of Drosophila. A specific translocation event which causes a fusion between this gene and the NUP98 gene has been associated with myeloid leukemogenesis. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the upstream homeobox A10 (HOXA10) gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HOXA9 (AA: 1-272) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene family. LDL receptors are transmembrane cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein and protein ligands. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a receptor or, with Frizzled, a co-receptor for Wnt and thereby transmits the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade. Through its interaction with the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade this gene plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration and the development of many cancer types. This protein undergoes gamma-secretase dependent RIP- (regulated intramembrane proteolysis) processing but the precise locations of the cleavage sites have not been determined.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LRP6 (AA: extra 1198-1370) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a basic helix-loop-helix type transcription factor and shares similarity with Twist. This protein may inhibit osteoblast maturation and maintain cells in a preosteoblast phenotype during osteoblast development. This gene may be upregulated in certain cancers. Mutations in this gene cause focal facial dermal dysplasia 3, Setleis type. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TWIST2 (AA: 1-160) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors. The protein contains two GATA-type zinc fingers and is an important regulator of T-cell development and plays an important role in endothelial cell biology. Defects in this gene are the cause of hypoparathyroidism with sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GATA3 (AA: (294-443)) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. The encoded protein is postulated to play a regulatory role in suppressing FasL- and LIGHT-mediated cell death. It acts as a decoy receptor that competes with death receptors for ligand binding. Over-expression of this gene has been noted in gastrointestinal tract tumors. Read-through transcription into this gene from the neighboring upstream gene, which encodes regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1), generates a non-coding transcript.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFRSF6B (AA: 30-300) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the TRIM protein family. It has multiple zinc finger motifs and a leucine zipper motif. It has been proposed to form homo- or heterodimers which are involved in nucleic acid binding. Thus, it may act as a transcriptional regulatory factor involved in carcinogenesis and/or differentiation. It may also function in the suppression of radiosensitivity since it is associated with ataxia telangiectasia phenotype.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TRIM29 (AA: 451-588) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that associates with the nuclear pore complex and participates in the regulation of nuclear transport. The encoded protein interacts with Ras-related nuclear protein 1 (RAN) and regulates guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding and exchange. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RANGAP1 (AA: 359-587) expressed in E. Coli.
Hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight unbranched polysaccharide synthesized by a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to mammals, and is a constituent of the extracellular matrix. It consists of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues that are linked by beta-1-3 and beta-1-4 glycosidic bonds. HA is synthesized by membrane-bound synthase at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, and the chains are extruded through pore-like structures into the extracellular space. It serves a variety of functions, including space filling, lubrication of joints, and provision of a matrix through which cells can migrate. HA is actively produced during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of HA are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the interaction of HA with the leukocyte receptor CD44 is important in tissue-specific homing by leukocytes, and overexpression of HA receptors has been correlated with tumor metastasis. HAS1 is a member of the newly identified vertebrate gene family encoding putative hyaluronan synthases, and its amino acid sequence shows significant homology to the hasA gene product of Streptococcus pyogenes, a glycosaminoglycan synthetase (DG42) from Xenopus laevis, and a recently described murine hyaluronan synthase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HAS1 (AA: (74-399)) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene contains a leucine-rich repeat and a death domain. This protein has been shown to interact with other death domain proteins, such as Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain (FADD) and MAP-kinase activating death domain-containing protein (MADD), and thus may function as an adaptor protein in cell death-related signaling processes. The expression of the mouse counterpart of this gene has been found to be positively regulated by the tumor suppressor p53 and to induce cell apoptosis in response to DNA damage, which suggests a role for this gene as an effector of p53-dependent apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PIDD1 (AA: 776-910) expressed in E. Coli.
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. This gene is a member of the WNT gene family. It encodes a protein which shows 96% amino acid identity to mouse Wnt3A protein, and 84% to human WNT3 protein, another WNT gene product. This gene is clustered with WNT14 gene, another family member, in chromosome 1q42 region.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human WNT3A (AA: 170-352) expressed in E. Coli.
Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP(+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. It contains the PTS-1 peroxisomal targeting signal sequence. The presence of this enzyme in peroxisomes suggests roles in the regeneration of NADPH for intraperoxisomal reductions, such as the conversion of 2, 4-dienoyl-CoAs to 3-enoyl-CoAs, as well as in peroxisomal reactions that consume 2-oxoglutarate, namely the alpha-hydroxylation of phytanic acid. The cytoplasmic enzyme serves a significant role in cytoplasmic NADPH production. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IDH1 (AA: 156-298) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane signaling enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate to 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) using calcium as a cofactor. IP3 and DAG are second messenger molecules important for transmitting signals from growth factor receptors and immune system receptors across the cell membrane. Mutations in this gene have been found in autoinflammation, antibody deficiency, and immune dysregulation syndrome and familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 3.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide of human PLCG2 (AA: phospho-Tyrosine 753 of human Phospholipase Cg2(cERDINSLpYDVSRMYV)).
p16 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, INK4a) is a tumor suppressor protein. It is a specific inhibitor of Cdk 4 / Cdk 6, and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. Recent analyses of the p16 INK4a gene revealed homozygous deletions, nonsense, missense, or frameshift mutations in several human cancers. Although the frequency of p16 INK4a abnormalities is higher in tumor derived cell lines than in unselected primary tumors, significant subsets of clinical cases with aberrant p16 INK4a gene have been reported among melanomas, gliomas, esophageal, pancreatic, lung, and urinary bladder carcinomas, and some types of leukemia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of P16 expressed in E. Coli.
The Wilms tumor suppressor gene WT1 appears to play a role in both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of certain cellular genes. This gene encodes a WT1-associating protein, which is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein. Like WT1 protein, this protein is localized throughout the nucleoplasm as well as in speckles and partially colocalizes with splicing factors. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants encoding three different isoforms.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human WTAP (AA: 91-201) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes one of the SERCA Ca(2+)-ATPases, which are intracellular pumps located in the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticula of muscle cells. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen, and is involved in muscular excitation and contraction. Mutations in this gene cause some autosomal recessive forms of Brody disease, characterized by increasing impairment of muscular relaxation during exercise. Alternative splicing results in three transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATP2A1 (AA: 487-631) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes beta-2-adrenergic receptor which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. This receptor is directly associated with one of its ultimate effectors, the class C L-type calcium channel Ca(V)1.2. This receptor-channel complex also contains a G protein, an adenylyl cyclase, cAMP-dependent kinase, and the counterbalancing phosphatase, PP2A. The assembly of the signaling complex provides a mechanism that ensures specific and rapid signaling by this G protein-coupled receptor. This gene is intronless. Different polymorphic forms, point mutations, and/or downregulation of this gene are associated with nocturnal asthma, obesity and type 2 diabetes.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ADRB2 (AA: 302-413) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHGA (AA: 278-457) expressed in E. Coli.
Tyrosine-protein kinase (TYRO3) belongs to the Tyr protein kinase family (AXL/UFO subfamily). The UFO family of receptor tyrosine kinases is comprised of subfamily members Rse(also referred to as Tyro3 or Sky) and UFO (also called Tyro7 or Axl). Two distinct isoforms of Rse, designated Brt and Etk-2, have been described. Brt differs from Rse at its C-terminus, but more importantly lacks the N-terminal 31 amino acid signal peptide sequence present in Rse, which is replaced by a 27 amino acid Brt-specific sequence. It has been suggested that as a result of this alternative splicing event, Brt resides in the cytoplasm, unlike Rse which is expressed on the cell surface. Ekt-2 also lacks an N-terminal signal peptide which is substituted with a 45 amino acid Ekt-2-specific sequence. Protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of TYRO3 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein mediates the signal transduction triggered by various cell ligands, such as IL2, IL4, CSF1, and different growth hormones. It has been shown to be involved in diverse biological processes, such as TCR signaling, apoptosis, adult mammary gland development, and sexual dimorphism of liver gene expression. This gene was found to fuse to retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARA) gene in a small subset of acute promyelocytic leukemias (APLL). The dysregulation of the signaling pathways mediated by this protein may be the cause of the APLL.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human STAT5B expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the glutamate-gated ion channel protein family. The encoded protein is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit. NMDA receptors are both ligand-gated and voltage-dependent, and are involved in long-term potentiation, an activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning. These receptors are permeable to calcium ions, and activation results in a calcium influx into post-synaptic cells, which results in the activation of several signaling cascades. Disruption of this gene is associated with focal epilepsy and speech disorder with or without mental retardation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRIN2A (AA: extra 23-165) expressed in E. Coli.
Epidermal growth factor has a profound effect on the differentiation of specific cells in vivo and is a potent mitogenic factor for a variety of cultured cells of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin. The EGF precursor is believed to exist as a membrane-bound molecule which is proteolytically cleaved to generate the 53-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates cells to divide.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EGF expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-gamma polypeptide, which together with CD3-epsilon, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. Defects in this gene are associated with T cell immunodeficiency.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD3G (AA: extra 23-116) expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene belongs to the integrin alpha chain family. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This gene encodes the integrin alpha 5 chain. Alpha chain 5 undergoes post-translational cleavage in the extracellular domain to yield disulfide-linked light and heavy chains that join with beta 1 to form a fibronectin receptor. In addition to adhesion, integrins are known to participate in cell-surface mediated signalling. Integrin alpha 5 is a heterodimer that associates noncovalently with CD29/integrin beta 1 subunit to form the alpha-5-beta-1 very late antigen (VLA-5) complex. VLA-5 is a fibronectin receptor that is expressed on thymocytes, T-cells, monocytes and platelets. It is also found on very early B-cells and activated B-cells. VLA-5-mediated binding to fibronectin sends a costimulatory signal to T-cells and enhances Fc-gamma-R- and complement receptor-mediated phago-cytosis. It is also involved in monocyte migration into extracellular tissues.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ITGA5 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor for interleukin 21 (IL21). It belongs to the type I cytokine receptors, and has been shown to form a heterodimeric receptor complex with the common gamma-chain, a receptor subunit also shared by the receptors for interleukin 2, 4, 7, 9, and 15. This receptor transduces the growth promoting signal of IL21, and is important for the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The ligand binding of this receptor leads to the activation of multiple downstream signaling molecules, including JAK1, JAK3, STAT1, and STAT3. Knockout studies of a similar gene in mouse suggest a role for this gene in regulating immunoglobulin production. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD360 (AA: extra 20-232) expressed in E. Coli.
Carboxy-terminal Src kinase (Csk) is a ubiquitously expressed nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that negatively regulates the Src family kinases (SFK) by phosphorylation of the SFK carboxy-terminal tyrosine. Phosphorylated carboxy-terminal tyrosine binds to the SH2 domain of SFK intramolecularly and leads to folding and inactivation of the SFK . This Csk-catalyzed SFK tyrosine phosphorylation is highly specific and exclusive. The SFK carboxy-terminal tyrosine is the only known physiological substrate of Csk .Tissue specificity: Expressed in lung and macrophages.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CSK expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of platelet-activating factor to biologically inactive products. Defects in this gene are a cause of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLA2G7 (AA: 22-441) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in leukocyte migration, T-cell adhesion, ganglioside GM1 and transmembrane protein transport, and T-cell death by a caspase-independent pathway. In addition, the encoded protein may have the ability to rearrange the actin cytoskeleton and may also act as an oncosuppressor in osteosarcoma. This gene is found in the pseudoautosomal region of chromosomes X and Y and escapes X-chromosome inactivation. There is a related pseudogene located immediately adjacent to this locus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD99 (AA: 1-185) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen and is a member of a family that includes at least two type I membrane proteins. This antigen is expressed on most normal epithelial cells and gastrointestinal carcinomas and functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule. The antigen is being used as a target for immunotherapy treatment of human carcinomas. Mutations in this gene result in congenital tufting enteropathy. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EPCAM (AA: extra(116-265)) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the family of non-receptor type Tyr protein kinases. This protein is widely expressed in hematopoietic cells and is involved in coupling activated immunoreceptors to downstream signaling events that mediate diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis. It is thought to be a modulator of epithelial cell growth and a potential tumour suppressor in human breast carcinomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SYK (AA: 217-356) expressed in E. Coli.
EhpB1: EPH receptor B1. It is a receptor for ephrin-B family members. Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, medate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. The Eph family of receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphB1 (aa19-133) expressed in E. Coli.
Mutations in this gene are associated with Nijmegen breakage syndrome, an autosomal recessive chromosomal instability syndrome characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and cancer predisposition. The encoded protein is a member of the MRE11/RAD50 double-strand break repair complex which consists of 5 proteins. This gene product is thought to be involved in DNA double-strand break repair and DNA damage-induced checkpoint activation. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NBN (AA: 467-615) expressed in E. Coli.
Focal adhesion kinase(FAK), with 1074 -amino acid protein(about 118 kDa), is a member of the FAK subfamily of protein tyrosine kinases but lacks significant sequence similarity to kinases from other subfamilies. FAK is concentrated at the basal edge of only basal keratinocytes that are actively migrating and rapidly proliferating in repairing burn wounds, and is activated and localized to the focal adhesions of spreading keratinocytes in culture. Thus, it has been postulated that FAK may have an important in vivo role in the re-epithelialization of human wounds. FAK protein tyrosine kinase activity has also been shown to increase in cells stimulated to grow by use of mitogenic neuropeptides or neurotransmitters acting through G protein-coupled receptors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of FAK expressed in E. Coli.
A reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 22 and 9 produces the Philadelphia chromosome, which is often found in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The chromosome 22 breakpoint for this translocation is located within the BCR gene. The translocation produces a fusion protein which is encoded by sequence from both BCR and ABL, the gene at the chromosome 9 breakpoint. Although the BCR-ABL fusion protein has been extensively studied, the function of the normal BCR gene product is not clear. The protein has serine/threonine kinase activity and is a GTPase-activating protein for p21rac. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BCR (AA: 139-280) expressed in E. Coli.
CD3 is a component of T cell surface receptor (TCR), it cantains 5 invariable chains: gamma- , delta-, epsilon-, and zeta/eta?Clevers et al. (1988) showed the TCR/CD3 complex consists of either a TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta heterodimer coexpressed at the cell surface with the invariant subunits,CD3 is responsible for the signal transduction of the TCR.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD3 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a serum protein found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of nearly all nucleated cells. The protein has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. A mutation in this gene has been shown to result in hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human B2M (AA: 21-100) expressed in E. Coli.
ARHGAP42 (Rho GTPase Activating Protein 42) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Cytoskeletal Signaling. GO annotations related to this gene include GTPase activator activity. An important paralog of this gene is ARHGAP26.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ARHGAP42 (AA: 577-719) expressed in E. Coli.
RAB10 belongs to the RAS (see HRAS; MIM 190020) superfamily of small GTPases. RAB proteins localize to exocytic and endocytic compartments and regulate intracellular vesicle trafficking.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Rab10 expressed in E. Coli.
DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein of unknown function. It shows high transcription levels in 2 retinoblastoma cell lines and in tissues of neuroectodermal origin.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DDX1 (AA: 642-740) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor involved in the activation of several developmental genes. The encoded protein can act as either a homodimer or heterodimer with other family members and is induced during retinoic acid-mediated differentiation. It plays a role in the development of the eyes, face, body wall, limbs, and neural tube.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TFAP2C (AA: 341-450) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed selectively at the early stages of B cell development, namely, in proB and early preB cells. This gene encodes the iota polypeptide chain that is associated with the Ig-mu chain to form a molecular complex which is expressed on the surface of pre-B cells. The complex is thought to regulate Ig gene rearrangements in the early steps of B-cell differentiation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD179A (AA: extra 20-145) expressed in E. Coli.
Core binding factor (CBF) is a heterodimeric transcription factor that binds to the core element of many enhancers and promoters. The protein encoded by this gene represents the alpha subunit of CBF and is thought to be involved in the development of normal hematopoiesis. Chromosomal translocations involving this gene are well-documented and have been associated with several types of leukemia. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq) Tissue specificity: Expressed in all tissues examined except brain and heart. Highest levels in thymus, bone marrow and peripheral blood.
The protein encoded by the classic MBP gene is a major constituent of the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in the nervous system. However, MBP-related transcripts are also present in the bone marrow and the immune system. These mRNAs arise from the long MBP gene (otherwise called "Golli-MBP") that contains 3 additional exons located upstream of the classic MBP exons. Alternative splicing from the Golli and the MBP transcription start sites gives rise to 2 sets of MBP-related transcripts and gene products. The Golli mRNAs contain 3 exons unique to Golli-MBP, spliced in-frame to 1 or more MBP exons. They encode hybrid proteins that have N-terminal Golli aa sequence linked to MBP aa sequence. The second family of transcripts contain only MBP exons and produce the well characterized myelin basic proteins. This complex gene structure is conserved among species suggesting that the MBP transcription unit is an integral part of the Golli transcription unit and that this arrangement is important for the function and/or regulation of these genes.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MBP expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily, and is exclusively expressed in monocytes and macrophages. It functions as an acute phase-regulated receptor involved in the clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages, and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. This protein may also function as an innate immune sensor for bacteria and inducer of local inflammation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD163 (AA: extra 42-259) expressed in E. Coli.
Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut),endothelial Kruppel-like zinc finger protein. May act as a transcriptional activator. Binds the CACCC core sequence. May be involved in the differentiation of epithelial cells and may also function in the development of the skeleton and kidney. KLF4 is highly expressed in the epithelial cells of the skin and the gastrointestinal tract.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLF4 expressed in E. Coli.
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human APEX1 (AA: 219-318) expressed in E. Coli.
Cytokine that promotes the differentiation and viability of monocytes and macrophages. Stimulates phosphorylation of MAPK1/ERK2 AND MAPK3/ERK1. Ligand for colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor CSF1R.Tissue specificity: Detected in the sinusoidal epithelium in the red pulp of spleen (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in spleen. Also detected in a range of other tissues including heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, testis, ovary, small intestine, prostate and colon.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IL34 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the protein kinase superfamily. This protein is a receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family. EGFR is a cell surface protein that binds to epidermal growth factor. Binding of the protein to a ligand induces receptor dimerization and tyrosine autophosphorylation and leads to cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene are associated with lung cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EGFR mutant (AA: 693-893) expressed in E. Coli.
PRDM1/Blimp1 is a repressor of beta-interferon gene expression. This action is exerted by binding to the PRDI (positive regulatory domain I element) of the beta-IFN gene promoter. The transcription of this gene is increased upon virus induction. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been reported.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRDM1 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transmembrane protein which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes and mature T cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD7 (AA: 72-175) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the H3/H4 family of histone chaperone proteins and is similar to the anti-silencing function-1 gene in yeast. The protein is a key component of a histone donor complex that functions in nucleosome assembly. It interacts with histones H3 and H4, and functions together with a chromatin assembly factor during DNA replication and repair.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ASF1A (AA: 1-204) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14, which is a serine/threonine protein-kinase. This kinase binds to TRAF2 and stimulates NF-kappaB activity. It shares sequence similarity with several other MAPKK kinases. It participates in an NF-kappaB-inducing signalling cascade common to receptors of the tumour-necrosis/nerve-growth factor (TNF/NGF) family and to the interleukin-1 type-I receptor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAP3K14 (AA: 769-947) expressed in E. Coli.
A reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 22 and 9 produces the Philadelphia chromosome, which is often found in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The chromosome 22 breakpoint for this translocation is located within the BCR gene. The translocation produces a fusion protein which is encoded by sequence from both BCR and ABL, the gene at the chromosome 9 breakpoint. Although the BCR-ABL fusion protein has been extensively studied, the function of the normal BCR gene product is not clear. The protein has serine/threonine kinase activity and is a GTPase-activating protein for p21rac. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BCR (AA: 139-280) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is part of a complex of proteins that constitute adherens junctions (AJs). AJs are necessary for the creation and maintenance of epithelial cell layers by regulating cell growth and adhesion between cells. The encoded protein also anchors the actin cytoskeleton and may be responsible for transmitting the contact inhibition signal that causes cells to stop dividing once the epithelial sheet is complete. Finally, this protein binds to the product of the APC gene, which is mutated in adenomatous polyposis of the colon. Mutations in this gene are a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC), pilomatrixoma (PTR), medulloblastoma (MDB), and ovarian cancer. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CTNNB1 (AA: 1-100) expressed in E. Coli.
ATP citrate lyase is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in many tissues. The enzyme is a tetramer (relative molecular weight approximately 440,000) of apparently identical subunits. It catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate from citrate and CoA with a concomitant hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and phosphate. The product, acetyl-CoA, serves several important biosynthetic pathways, including lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis. In nervous tissue, ATP citrate-lyase may be involved in the biosynthesis of acetylcholine. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ACLY (AA: 306-502 ) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that acts as a repressor of beta-interferon gene expression. The protein binds specifically to the PRDI (positive regulatory domain I element) of the beta-IFN gene promoter. Transcription of this gene increases upon virus induction. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been reported.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRDM1 (AA: 690-825) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that tends to aggregate into rod-like structures. The encoded protein contains a highly unstable region of five tandem octapeptide repeats. This gene is found on chromosome 20, approximately 20 kbp upstream of a gene which encodes a biochemically and structurally similar protein to the one encoded by this gene. Mutations in the repeat region as well as elsewhere in this gene have been associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, fatal familial insomnia, Gerstmann-Straussler disease, Huntington disease-like 1, and kuru. An overlapping open reading frame has been found for this gene that encodes a smaller, structurally unrelated protein, AltPrp. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD230 (AA: 23-230) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme and is a component of ubiquitination-like systems involved in autophagy, the process of degradation, turnover and recycling of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells. This protein is known to play a role in regulation of autophagy during cell death. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 20. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATG3 (AA: 1-100) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is the receptor for colony stimulating factor 3, a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes. The encoded protein, which is a member of the family of cytokine receptors, may also function in some cell surface adhesion or recognition processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Mutations in this gene are a cause of Kostmann syndrome, also known as severe congenital neutropenia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD114 (AA: extra 25-187) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. The product of this gene contains a carboxy terminal domain composed of heptapeptide repeats that are essential for polymerase activity. These repeats contain serine and threonine residues that are phosphorylated in actively transcribing RNA polymerase. In addition, this subunit, in combination with several other polymerase subunits, forms the DNA binding domain of the polymerase, a groove in which the DNA template is transcribed into RNA.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human POLR2A (AA: 128-258) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. Members of this family are secreted or membrane-anchored proteins mainly found in cells associated with the immune system. This protein is a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein found on the surface of thymocytes, T lymphocytes and a subset of B lymphocytes. The encoded protein contains three SRCR domains and may act as a receptor to regulate T-cell proliferation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD5 (AA: 403-495) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the integrin alpha X chain protein. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This protein combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). The alpha X beta 2 complex seems to overlap the properties of the alpha M beta 2 integrin in the adherence of neutrophils and monocytes to stimulated endothelium cells, and in the phagocytosis of complement coated particles. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD11C (AA: extra 102-279) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Cdc 37, a cell division cycle control protein of Sacchromyces cerevisiae. This protein is a molecular chaperone with specific function in cell signal transduction. It has been shown to form complex with Hsp90 and a variety of protein kinases including CDK4, CDK6, SRC, RAF-1, MOK, as well as eIF2 alpha kinases. It is thought to play a critical role in directing Hsp90 to its target kinases.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDC37 (AA: 241-378) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor of the PR-domain protein family. It contains a PR-domain and multiple zinc finger motifs. Transcription factors of the PR-domain family are known to be involved in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. An elevated expression level of this gene has been observed in PC12 cells treated with nerve growth factor, beta polypeptide (NGF). This gene is located in a chromosomal region that is thought to contain tumor suppressor genes.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRDM4 (AA: 476-575) expressed in E. Coli.
Mcl-1 (Myeloid cell leukemia-1) is Bcl-2-related and was identified as an early-induction gene that increased in expression during the differentiation of human myeloblastic leukemia cell ML-1, or exposure to different DNA damaging agents. The level of Mcl-1 is decreased in peripheral B lymphocytes undergoing apoptosis following treatment with apoptotic stimuli such as TGF-alpha 1 and forskolin. Expression of Mcl-1 is able to delay apoptosis induced by over-expression of c-myc in CHO 5AHSmyc cells. In hematopoietic FDC-P1 cells, Mcl-1 interacts with another Bcl-2-related protein, Bax, and prolongs cell viability after treatment with different apoptotic reagents.This monoclonal antibody detected a 37kd MCL1 in BCBL-1 cell lysate.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MCL-1 expressed in E. Coli.
Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AMY1A (AA: 172-284) expressed in E. Coli.
CD8 T cell surface antigen is heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain linked by two disulfide bonds .It belongs type I membrane protein. Selectively expressing of CD8 on a subset of T cells leads to CD8 T cell development. Through identifying cytotoxic/suppressor T-cells that interact with MHC class I bearing targets, CD8 is thought to play a role in the process of T-cell mediated killing. Veillette et al (1988) found the CD8 is associated with the internal membrane tyrosine-protein kinase p56lck.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD8 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein which belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors. The protein contains two GATA-type zinc fingers and is an important regulator of T-cell development and plays an important role in endothelial cell biology. Defects in this gene are the cause of hypoparathyroidism with sensorineural deafness and renal dysplasia. (provided by RefSeq) Tissue specificity: T-cells and endothelial cells RD: GATA-3 belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors, which bind to the consensus DNA sequence (A/T) GATA (A/G) to control diverse tissue-specific programs of gene expression and morphogenesis. It is widely expressed in mesodermal- and endodermal-derived tissues. GATA-3 has been shown to be an essential regulator for immune cell function, sympathetic neuron development, and the maintenance of the differentiated state in epithelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GATA3 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin and functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. This protein was shown to be a dentritic cell survival factor and is involved in the regulation of T cell-dependent immune response. T cell activation was reported to induce expression of this gene and lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. This protein was shown to activate antiapoptotic kinase AKT/PKB through a signaling complex involving SRC kinase and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, which indicated this protein may have a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. Targeted disruption of the related gene in mice led to severe osteopetrosis and a lack of osteoclasts. The deficient mice exhibited defects in early differentiation of T and B lymphocytes, and failed to form lobulo-alveolar mammary structures during pregnancy. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFSF11 (AA: 74-308) expressed in E. Coli.
Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding the same protein, have been characterized.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATG4C (AA: 321-458) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a nuclear protein that belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors and the myogenic factors subfamily. It regulates muscle cell differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, a prerequisite for myogenic initiation. The protein is also involved in muscle regeneration. It activates its own transcription which may stabilize commitment to myogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MYOD1 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein belongs to the ser/thr protein kinase family. It is the catalytic subunit of the 5'-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a cellular energy sensor conserved in all eukaryotic cells. The kinase activity of AMPK is activated by the stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK regulates the activities of a number of key metabolic enzymes through phosphorylation. It protects cells from stresses that cause ATP depletion by switching off ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRKAA1 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an interleukin 5 specific subunit of a heterodimeric cytokine receptor. The receptor is comprised of a ligand specific alpha subunit and a signal transducing beta subunit shared by the receptors for interleukin 3 (IL3), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF), and interleukin 5 (IL5). The binding of this protein to IL5 depends on the beta subunit. The beta subunit is activated by the ligand binding, and is required for the biological activities of IL5. This protein has been found to interact with syndecan binding protein (syntenin), which is required for IL5 mediated activation of the transcription factor SOX4. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding four distinct isoforms have been reported.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD125 (AA: extra 21-196) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular region, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region of this protein is composed of three Ig-like and eight fibronectin type III-like domains. Studies of the similar genes in chicken and fly suggest the role of this PTP is in promoting neurite growth, and regulating neurons axon guidance. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 5.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PTPRD (AA: extra 1077-1265) expressed in E. Coli.
HLA-B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exon 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-B alleles have been described.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HLA-B (AA: 241-362) expressed in E. Coli.
Probable substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLHL21 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor is expressed preferentially in the tissues enriched in lymphocytes, and it may play a role in regulating lymphocyte homeostasis. This receptor has been shown to stimulate NF-kappa B activity and regulate cell apoptosis. The signal transduction of this receptor is mediated by various death domain containing adaptor proteins. Knockout studies in mice suggested the role of this gene in the removal of self-reactive T cells in the thymus. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported, most of which are potentially secreted molecules. The alternative splicing of this gene in B and T cells encounters a programmed change upon T-cell activation, which predominantly produces full-length, membrane bound isoforms, and is thought to be involved in controlling lymphocyte proliferation induced by T-cell activation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFRSF25 (AA:extra(25-199)) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into four classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been determined; however, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. The protein encoded by this gene is included in class IV of the sirtuin family.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SIRT7 (AA: 1-105) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a highly sialylated glycoprotein that functions in antigen-specific activation of T cells, and is found on the surface of thymocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and some B lymphocytes. It contains a mucin-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane region and a carboxy-terminal intracellular region. The extracellular domain has a high proportion of serine and threonine residues, allowing extensive O-glycosylation, and has one potential N-glycosylation site, while the carboxy-terminal region has potential phosphorylation sites that may mediate transduction of activation signals. Different glycoforms of this protein have been described. In stimulated immune cells, proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain occurs in some cell types, releasing a soluble extracellular fragment. Defects in expression of this gene are associated with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD43(AA: extra(20-169)) expressed in E. Coli.
The cytoplasmic peripheral membrane protein encoded by this gene functions as a protein-tyrosine kinase substrate in microvilli. As a member of the ERM protein family, this protein serves as an intermediate between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. This protein plays a key role in cell surface structure adhesion, migration and organization, and it has been implicated in various human cancers. A pseudogene located on chromosome 3 has been identified for this gene. Alternatively spliced variants have also been described for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EZR (AA: 292-464) expressed in E. Coli.
Elastases form a subfamily of serine proteases that hydrolyze many proteins in addition to elastin. Humans have six elastase genes which encode structurally similar proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the active protease. Following activation, this protease hydrolyzes proteins within specialized neutrophil lysosomes, called azurophil granules, as well as proteins of the extracellular matrix. The enzyme may play a role in degenerative and inflammatory diseases through proteolysis of collagen-IV and elastin. This protein also degrades the outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli as well as the virulence factors of such bacteria as Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia. Mutations in this gene are associated with cyclic neutropenia and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). This gene is present in a gene cluster on chromosome 19.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ELANE (AA: 140-267) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a receptor belonging to the Ig superfamily that is expressed on myeloid cells. This protein amplifies neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses triggered by bacterial and fungal infections by stimulating release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, as well as increased surface expression of cell activation markers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD354 (AA: extra 21-205) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a 5'-3' exonuclease that promotes transcription termination at cotranscriptional cleavage sites. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human XRN2 (AA: 398-547) expressed in E. Coli.
ApoM (apolipoprotein M, also designated G3a or NG20), with 188-amino acid protein(about 21kDa), is an apolipoprotein and member of the lipocalin protein family. The Apo-proteins are involved in the specific binding of cellular receptors, the regulation of lipolytic enzymes, and the process of lipid exchange. The encoded protein is secreted through the plasma membrane but remains membrane-bound, where it is involved in lipid transport. The N-terminal region of Apo-M contains hydrophobic residues that may promote association with the phospholipid layer of lipoprotein particles. In vitro, Apo-M is glycosylated when translated in the presence of microsomes, and remains associated with the microsomes after carbonate treatment. Apo-M is expressed in liver and kidney, and is secreted into the bloodstream in HDLs, and also found in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and LDLs.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ApoM expressed in E. Coli.
EPH receptor A1 (EphA1), with 976-amino acid protein(about 107 kDa), belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. The Eph subfamily represents the largest group of receptor protein tyrosine kinases identified to date and their ligands, the ephrins,can be subdivided into two major subclasses, ephrin-A and ephrin-B. Interaction of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases with their membrane bound ephrin ligands initiates bidirectional signaling events that regulate cell migratory and adhesive behavior, particularly in the nervous system. They have been implicated in various developmental processes, including axonal guidance, angiogenesis, morphogenesis and carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of EphA1 expressed in E. Coli.
ABL2(ARG, Abelson-related gene) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase which is closely related to but distinct from ABL1. The similarity of the proteins includes the tyrosine kinase domains and extends amino-terminal to include the SH2 and SH3 domains. ABL2 is expressed in both normal and tumor cells. The ABL2 gene product is expressed as two variants bearing different amino termini, both approximately 12-kb in length. c-Abl shows both cytoplasmic and nuclear localization,c-Abl is involved in two different chromosomal translocations present in human leukemias, which generate Bcr-Abl and TEL-Abl.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of ABL2 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. The encoded protein acts as a disulfide-linked homodimer and induces bone and cartilage formation.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BMP2 (AA: 283-396) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of a pentameric inhibitory glycine receptor, which mediates postsynaptic inhibition in the central nervous system. Defects in this gene are a cause of startle disease (STHE), also known as hereditary hyperekplexia or congenital stiff-person syndrome. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GLRA1 (AA: extra 29-154) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is primarily found in the nucleolus, where it can bind to the 5' UTR of the insulin-like growth factor II leader 3 mRNA and may repress translation of insulin-like growth factor II during late development. The encoded protein contains several KH domains, which are important in RNA binding and are known to be involved in RNA synthesis and metabolism. A pseudogene exists on chromosome 7, and there are putative pseudogenes on other chromosomes.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IGF2BP3 (AA: 430-579) expressed in E. Coli.
CHRNB4 (Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Beta 4 Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CHRNB4 include Substance Dependence and Nicotine Dependence, Protection Against. Among its related pathways are Transmission across Chemical Synapses and Immune System. GO annotations related to this gene include extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity and ligand-gated ion channel activity. An important paralog of this gene is CHRNB2.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNB4 (AA: extra 22-236) expressed in E. Coli.
Biochemically, most members of the CK family fall into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. Cytokeratins comprise a diverse group of intermediate filament proteins (IFPs) that are expressed as pairs in both keratinized and non-keratinized epithelial tissue. Cytokeratins play a critical role in differentiation and tissue specialization and function to maintain the overall structural integrity of epithelial cells. Cytokeratins have been found to be useful markers of tissue differentiation which is directly applicable to the characterization of malignant tumors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CK5 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the mammalian activation transcription factor/cAMP responsive element-binding (CREB) protein family of transcription factors. This gene is induced by a variety of signals, including many of those encountered by cancer cells, and is involved in the complex process of cellular stress response. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. It is possible that alternative splicing of this gene may be physiologically important in the regulation of target genes.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ATF3 (AA: 1-181) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the protocadherin family, and cadherin superfamily, of transmembrane proteins containing cadherin domains. These proteins mediate cell adhesion in neural tissues in the presence of calcium. The encoded protein may be involved in signaling at neuronal synaptic junctions. Sharing a characteristic with other protocadherin genes, this gene has a notably large exon that encodes multiple cadherin domains and a transmembrane region. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PCDH9 (AA: 24-148) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an activating member of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family, which is found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4. The encoded protein is predominantly expressed in B cells, interacts with major histocompatibility complex class I ligands, and contributes to the regulation of immune responses. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LILRA1 (AA: extra 322-461) expressed in E. Coli.
CHRNA10 (Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Alpha 10 Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Peptide ligand-binding receptors and CREB Pathway. GO annotations related to this gene include receptor binding and extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity. An important paralog of this gene is CHRNA9.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA10 (AA: extra 25-237) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a water channel protein located in the kidney collecting tubule. It belongs to the MIP/aquaporin family, some members of which are clustered together on chromosome 12q13. Mutations in this gene have been linked to autosomal dominant and recessive forms of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AQP2 (AA: 149-271) expressed in E. Coli.
Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP(+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the mitochondria. It plays a role in intermediary metabolism and energy production. This protein may tightly associate or interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IDH2 (AA: 1-143) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an astacin-like, zinc-dependent, metalloprotease that belongs to the peptidase M12A family. This protease processes procollagen C-propeptides, such as chordin, pro-biglycan and pro-lysyl oxidase. Studies in mice suggest that this gene plays multiple roles in the development of mammalian heart, and is essential for the formation of the interventricular septum. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with atrial septal defect type 6. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TLL1 (AA: 870-1013) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a hormone secreted by parathyroid cells. This hormone elevates blood Ca2+ level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. Defects in this gene are a cause of familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PTH(aa1-115) expressed in E. Coli.
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 5 (survivin). This gene is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, which encode negative regulatory proteins that prevent apoptotic cell death. IAP family members usually contain multiple baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domains, but this gene encodes proteins with only a single BIR domain. The encoded proteins also lack a C-terminus RING finger domain. Gene expression is high during fetal development and in most tumors yet low in adult tissues. Antisense transcripts are involved in the regulation of this gene's expression. At least four transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene, but the full-length natures of only three of them have been determined.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Survivin expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the DNA polymerase type-X family and encodes a template-independent DNA polymerase that catalyzes the addition of deoxynucleotides to the 3'-hydroxyl terminus of oligonucleotide primers. In vivo, the encoded protein is expressed in a restricted population of normal and malignant pre-B and pre-T lymphocytes during early differentiation, where it generates antigen receptor diversity by synthesizing non-germ line elements (N-regions) at the junctions of rearranged Ig heavy chain and T cell receptor gene segments. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of this gene have been described. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DNTT (AA: 52-192) expressed in E. Coli.
PGA5: Pepsinogen 5, group I (pepsinogen A). Pepsinogens are the inactive precursors of pepsin, the major acid protease found in the stomach. Pepsin is one of the main proteolytic enzymes secreted by the gastric mucosa. Pepsin consists of a single polypeptide chain and arises from its precursor, pepsinogen, by removal of a 41 amino acid segment from the N-terminus. Pepsinogen is synthesized in the stomach lining, and hydrochloric acid, also produced by the gastric mucosa, is necessary to convert the inactive enzyme and to maintain the optimum acidity (pH 1-3) for pepsin function. Pepsin is particularly effective in cleaving peptide bonds involving aromatic amino acids. Pepsin shows extremely broad specificity; although bonds involving phenylalanine and leucine are preferred, many others are also cleaved to some extent. PGA5 is a member of the subfamily A1 within the pepsin family and is the predominant endopeptidase in the gastric juice of vertebrates. PGA5 is inhibited by ovUS-1, a uterine serpin.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PGA5 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene forms a complex with two other proteins, nuclear protein localization-4 and valosin-containing protein, and this complex is necessary for the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. In addition, this complex controls the disassembly of the mitotic spindle and the formation of a closed nuclear envelope after mitosis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Catch 22 syndrome as well as cardiac and craniofacial defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 18.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human UFD1L (AA: 208-307) expressed in E. Coli.
Blk is a Src family protein tyrosine kinase expressed in all stages of B cell development . Activation of B cells by various ligands is accompanied by activation of Blk . It has been suggested that Blk is involved in the control of B cell differentiation and proliferation . Blk transcripts have also been detected in human thymocytes, but not in mature T cells, implicating that Blk may play an important role in thymopoiesis . Blk function may be redundant, however, as mice that do not express Blk are not impaired with respect to B cell development and immune response .
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BLK expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor is expressed by activated, but not by resting, T and B cells. TRAF2 and TRAF5 can interact with this receptor, and mediate the signal transduction that leads to the activation of NF-kappaB. This receptor is a positive regulator of apoptosis, and also has been shown to limit the proliferative potential of autoreactive CD8 effector T cells and protect the body against autoimmunity. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD30 (AA: extra 19-379) expressed in E. Coli.
CTNNA1 (Catenin (Cadherin-Associated Protein), Alpha 1, 102kDa) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CTNNA1 include diffuse gastric cancer and acquired thrombocytopenia. Among its related pathways are Signaling by GPCR and Developmental Biology. GO annotations related to this gene include poly(A) RNA binding and actin filament binding. An important paralog of this gene is CTNNA3.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CTNNA1 (AA: 371-574) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the perilipin family, members of which coat intracellular lipid storage droplets. This protein is associated with the lipid globule surface membrane material, and maybe involved in development and maintenance of adipose tissue. However, it is not restricted to adipocytes as previously thought, but is found in a wide range of cultured cell lines, including fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells, and tissues, such as lactating mammary gland, adrenal cortex, Sertoli and Leydig cells, and hepatocytes in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, suggesting that it may serve as a marker of lipid accumulation in diverse cell types and diseases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLIN2 (AA: 286-437) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein and is closely related to BCL11A, a gene whose translocation may be associated with B-cell malignancies. Although the specific function of this gene has not been determined, the encoded protein is known to be a transcriptional repressor, and is regulated by the NURD nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase complex. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BCL11B (AA: 1-150) expressed in E. Coli.
Ractopamine is a phenolethanolamine ß-adrenoceptor agonist that is used for the improvement of weight gain, carcass leanness and feed efficiency in pigs. It has been known for years that ractopamine enhances growth in meat animals by repartitioning nutrients. This means that the nutrients that the animal consumes in its feed are shifted away from being stored as fat and are instead used in lean tissue production. This shift occurs as the animal reaches the top of its growth curve and lean tissue production drops off and fat deposition increases. Fat levels also appear to decrease, due to an increase in lypolysis (fat breakdown). Using the ractopamine monoclonal antibody, it is possible to detect ractopamine and other agonists in urine, muscle and liver both rapidly and with accuracy.
TNFRSF12A (TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 12A) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Akt Signaling and CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNFRSF12A (AA: extra 28-80) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a GTP-binding protein that belongs to the small GTPase superfamily and Ras family of proteins. GTP-binding proteins mediate the transmembrane signaling initiated by the occupancy of certain cell surface receptors.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RALB (AA: 89-206) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein forms a heterodimer with BCL2, and functions as an apoptotic activator. The association and the ratio of BAX to BCL2 also determines survival or death of a cell following an apoptotic stimulus. This protein is reported to interact with, and increase the opening of, the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which leads to the loss in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c. The expression of this gene is regulated by the tumor suppressor P53 and has been shown to be involved in P53-mediated apoptosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BAX (AA:(13-160)) expressed in E. Coli.
Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from 4 related subunits, GRIA1-4. The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to render the channel impermeable to Ca(2+). Human and animal studies suggest that pre-mRNA editing is essential for brain function, and defective GRIA2 RNA editing at the Q/R site may be relevant to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, (including the flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties), has been noted for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GRIA2 (AA: 35-175) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the cadherin superfamily, genes encoding calcium-dependent, membrane-associated glycoproteins. The encoded protein is cadherin-like, consisting of an extracellular region, containing 7 cadherin domains, and a transmembrane region but lacking the conserved cytoplasmic domain. The protein is a component of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreatic ducts, acting as an intestinal proton-dependent peptide transporter in the first step in oral absorption of many medically important peptide-based drugs. The protein may also play a role in the morphological organization of liver and intestine. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CDH17 (AA: extra(600-707)) expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene belongs to the family of P2 receptors, which is activated by extracellular nucleotides and subdivided into P2X ligand-gated ion channels and P2Y G-protein coupled receptors. This family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor, found on many cell types, is activated by ATP and UTP and is reported to be overexpressed on some cancer cell types. It is involved in many cellular functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human P2RY2 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
Dynamins represent one of the subfamilies of GTP-binding proteins. These proteins share considerable sequence similarity over the N-terminal portion of the molecule, which contains the GTPase domain. Dynamins are associated with microtubules. They have been implicated in cell processes such as endocytosis and cell motility, and in alterations of the membrane that accompany certain activities such as bone resorption by osteoclasts. Dynamins bind many proteins that bind actin and other cytoskeletal proteins. Dynamins can also self-assemble, a process that stimulates GTPase activity. Five alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different proteins have been described. Additional alternatively spliced transcripts may exist, but their full-length nature has not been determined.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Dynamin-2 (AA: 520-744) expressed in E. Coli.
FABP4: fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte. FABP4 encodes the fatty acid binding protein found in adipocytes. Fatty acid binding proteins are a family of small, highly conserved, cytoplasmic proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. It is thought that FABPs roles include fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of FABP4 (aa61-121) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. The activation requires its phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinases (MKKs), or its autophosphorylation triggered by the interaction of MAP3K7IP1/TAB1 protein with this kinase. The substrates of this kinase include transcription regulator ATF2, MEF2C, and MAX, cell cycle regulator CDC25B, and tumor suppressor p53, which suggest the roles of this kinase in stress related transcription and cell cycle regulation, as well as in genotoxic stress response. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAPK14 (AA: 299-360) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is preferentially expressed in immune cell rich tissues, such as spleen, lymph node, bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD289 (AA: extra 26-193) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family. These growth factors are mitogens for cells of mesenchymal origin. The identity of the growth factor bound to a receptor monomer determines whether the functional receptor is a homodimer or a heterodimer, composed of both platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta polypeptides. Studies suggest that this gene plays a role in organ development, wound healing, and tumor progression. Mutations in this gene have been associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, somatic and familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and a variety of other cancers.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD140a (AA: extra 179-361) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex. This complex is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates progression through the metaphase to anaphase portion of the cell cycle by ubiquitinating proteins which targets them for degradation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ANAPC1 (AA: 12-155) expressed in E. Coli.
FRK: fyn-related kinase. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the TYR family of protein kinases. This tyrosine kinase is a nuclear protein and may function during G1 and S phase of the cell cycle and suppress growth.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of FRK (aa2-300) expressed in E. Coli.
At the nuclear envelope, the nuclear lamina and heterochromatin are adjacent to the inner nuclear membrane. The protein encoded by this gene binds DNA and is a component of heterochromatin. This protein also can bind lamin B receptor, an integral membrane protein found in the inner nuclear membrane. The dual binding functions of the encoded protein may explain the association of heterochromatin with the inner nuclear membrane. This protein binds histone H3 tails methylated at Lys-9 sites. This protein is also recruited to sites of ultraviolet-induced DNA damage and double-strand breaks. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein but differing in the 5' UTR, have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CBX3 (AA: 1-183) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transcription factor containing an ETS DNA-binding domain. The gene can undergo a t(11;22)(q24;q12) translocation with the Ewing sarcoma gene on chromosome 22, which results in a fusion gene that is present in the majority of Ewing sarcoma cases. An acute lymphoblastic leukemia-associated t(4;11)(q21;q23) translocation involving this gene has also been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FLI1 (AA: 303-452) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is the founding member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which was isolated and identified based on its enzymatic activity and amino acid sequence. PTPs catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphate monoesters specifically on tyrosine residues. Members of the PTP family share a highly conserved catalytic motif, which is essential for the catalytic activity. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP has been shown to act as a negative regulator of insulin signaling by dephosphorylating the phosphotryosine residues of insulin receptor kinase. This PTP was also reported to dephosphorylate epidermal growth factor receptor kinase, as well as JAK2 and TYK2 kinases, which implicated the role of this PTP in cell growth control, and cell response to interferon stimulation. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PTPN1 (AA: 40-246) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a type I membrane protein. The protein may play a role in the adhesive interactions of activated T and NK cells during the late phase of the immune response. It may also function in antigen presentation. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD96 (AA: extra 321-519) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an adaptor molecule that interacts with various cell surface receptors and mediates cell apoptotic signals. Through its C-terminal death domain, this protein can be recruited by TNFRSF6/Fas-receptor, tumor necrosis factor receptor, TNFRSF25, and TNFSF10/TRAIL-receptor, and thus it participates in the death signaling initiated by these receptors. Interaction of this protein with the receptors unmasks the N-terminal effector domain of this protein, which allows it to recruit caspase-8, and thereby activate the cysteine protease cascade. Knockout studies in mice also suggest the importance of this protein in early T cell development. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FADD (AA: 20-150) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a fast-twitch skeletal muscle protein, a member of the troponin I gene family, and a component of the troponin complex including troponin T, troponin C and troponin I subunits. The troponin complex, along with tropomyosin, is responsible for the calcium-dependent regulation of striated muscle contraction. Mouse studies show that this component is also present in vascular smooth muscle and may play a role in regulation of smooth muscle function. In addition to muscle tissues, this protein is found in corneal epithelium, cartilage where it is an inhibitor of angiogenesis to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and mammary gland where it functions as a co-activator of estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha. This protein also suppresses tumor growth in human ovarian carcinoma. Mutations in this gene cause myopathy and distal arthrogryposis type 2B. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TNNI2 expressed in E. Coli.
Secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes liberate arachidonic acid from phospholipids for production of eicosanoids and exert a variety of physiologic and pathologic effects. Group XII sPLA2s, such as PLA2G12A, have relatively low specific activity and are structurally and functionally distinct from other sPLA2s ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLA2G12A (AA: 21-189) expressed in E. Coli.
Sperm mitochondria differ in morphology and subcellular localization from those of somatic cells. They are elongated, flattened, and arranged circumferentially to form a helical coiled sheath in the midpiece of the sperm flagellum. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the capsule associated with the mitochondrial outer membranes and is thought to function in the organization and stabilization of the helical structure of the sperm's mitochondrial sheath. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SMCP (AA: 1-116) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit and a member of a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast signal transmission at synapses. These receptors are thought to be heteropentamers composed of separate but similar subunits. Defects in this gene have been linked to susceptibility to lung cancer type 2 (LNCR2).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA5 (AA: extra 23-254) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a series of ectoenzymes that are involved in hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides. These ectoenzymes possess ATPase and ATP pyrophosphatase activities and are type II transmembrane proteins. Expression of the related rat mRNA has been found in a subset of immature glial cells and in the alimentary tract. The corresponding rat protein has been detected in the pancreas, small intestine, colon, and liver. The human mRNA is expressed in glioma cells, prostate, and uterus. Expression of the human protein has been detected in uterus, basophils, and mast cells. Two transcript variants, one protein coding and the other non-protein coding, have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD203C (AA: extra 45-163) expressed in E. Coli.
Overexpression of the TCL1 gene in humans has been implicated in the development of mature T cell leukemia, in which chromosomal rearrangements bring the TCL1 gene in close proximity to the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-alpha (MIM 186880) or TCR-beta (MIM 186930) regulatory elements (summarized by Virgilio et al., 1998 [PubMed 9520462]). In normal T cells TCL1 is expressed in CD4-/CD8- cells, but not in cells at later stages of differentiation. TCL1 functions as a coactivator of the cell survival kinase AKT (MIM 164730) (Laine et al., 2000 [PubMed 10983986]).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TCL1A (AA: 10-104) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a histone methyltransferase that methylates the Lys-4 position of histone H3. The encoded protein is part of a large protein complex called ASCOM, which has been shown to be a transcriptional regulator of the beta-globin and estrogen receptor genes. Mutations in this gene have been shown to be a cause of Kabuki syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KMT2D (AA: 445-599) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transmembrane protein containing six epidermal growth factor repeats. The protein is involved in the differentiation of several cell types, including adipocytes; it is also thought to be a tumor suppressor. It is one of several imprinted genes located in a region of on chr 14q32. Certain mutations in this imprinted region can cause phenotypes similar to maternal and paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 (UPD14). This gene is expressed from the paternal allele. A polymorphism within this gene has been associated with child and adolescent obesity. The mode of inheritance for this polymorphism is polar overdominance; this non-Mendelian inheritance pattern was first described in sheep with the callipyge phenotype, which is characterized by muscle hypertrophy and decreased fat mass.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DLK1 expressed in E. Coli.
Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) is fast gaining attention as a key regulator of serum triglyceride concentrations. An ApoA5 mouse knock-out model produced an approximately four fold increase in serum triglycerides, whereas a knock-in model with human ApoA5 produced 5070% lower concentrations of mouse serum triglycerides. In addition, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- agonists, which are used clinically to lower serum triglyceride concentrations, cause increased ApoA5 mRNA expression. Despite these compelling molecular biology data, relatively little is known about ApoA5 protein in human serum. This antibody pair detected recombinant apoa5 protein in sandwich ELISA format and could be potential reagents for the development of clinical diagnostic kits.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Apoa5 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transcription factor that contains both basic helix-loop-helix and leucine zipper structural features. It regulates the differentiation and development of melanocytes retinal pigment epithelium and is also responsible for pigment cell-specific transcription of the melanogenesis enzyme genes. Heterozygous mutations in the this gene cause auditory-pigmentary syndromes, such as Waardenburg syndrome type 2 and Tietz syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MITF (AA: 1-114) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family. This protein is a receptor for interleukin 8 (IL8). It binds to IL8 with high affinity, and transduces the signal through a G-protein activated second messenger system. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this protein inhibits embryonic oligodendrocyte precursor migration in developing spinal cord. This gene, IL8RB, a gene encoding another high affinity IL8 receptor, as well as IL8RBP, a pseudogene of IL8RB, form a gene cluster in a region mapped to chromosome 2q33-q36. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD181 expressed in E. Coli.
C-kit (CD117, 145kDa) functions as a tyrosine kinase receptor which becomes activated upon binding of its ligand SCF (stem-cell factor), the C-kit gene encodes the human homolog of the proto-oncogene c-kit. which was first identified as the cellular homolog of the feline sarcoma viral oncogene v-kit. KIT is a type 3 transmembrane receptor for MGF (mast cell growth factor). Mutations in KIT are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous lukemia, and piebaldism.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of C-kit expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins some of which have been implicated in membrane-related events along exocytotic and endocytotic pathways. Annexin 5 is a phospholipase A2 and protein kinase C inhibitory protein with calcium channel activity and a potential role in cellular signal transduction, inflammation, growth and differentiation. Annexin 5 has also been described as placental anticoagulant protein I, vascular anticoagulant-alpha, endonexin II, lipocortin V, placental protein 4 and anchorin CII. The gene spans 29 kb containing 13 exons, and encodes a single transcript of approximately 1.6 kb and a protein product with a molecular weight of about 35 kDa.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ANXA5 (AA: 160-320) expressed in E. Coli.
Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) is synthesised during development in the fetal gut, and is re-expressed in increased amounts in intestinal carcinomas and several other tumors. Antibodies to CEA are useful in identifying the origin of various metastatic adenocarcinomas and in distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas (60 to 70% are CEA+) from pleural mesotheliomas (rarely or weakly CEA+).The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a member of a large family of glycoproteins and a useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma.Tissue specificity: Found in adenocarcinomas of endodermally derived digestive system epithelium and fetal colon.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CEA expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a receptor for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G, and it is involved in the removal of antigen-antibody complexes from the circulation, as well as other other antibody-dependent responses. This gene (FCGR3A) is highly similar to another nearby gene (FCGR3B) located on chromosome 1. The receptor encoded by this gene is expressed on natural killer (NK) cells as an integral membrane glycoprotein anchored through a transmembrane peptide, whereas FCGR3B is expressed on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) where the receptor is anchored through a phosphatidylinositol (PI) linkage. Mutations in this gene have been linked to susceptibility to recurrent viral infections, susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, and alloimmune neonatal neutropenia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD16 (AA: extra 17-208) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein that is known to complex with integrins. It contributes to the transduction of CD2-generated signals in T cells and natural killer cells and has been suggested to play a role in growth regulation. Familial deficiency of this gene has been linked to an immunodeficiency associated with recurrent infectious diseases caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD53 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
CD33 is found on granulocyte and macrophage precursors in the bone marrow, but is not on pluripotent stem cells. The protein is also expressed on, and is a useful marker for, peripheral monocytes. It is also useful for distinguishing myelogenous leukaemia cells from lymphoid or erythroid leukaemias.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CD33 (48-258) expressed in E. Coli.
CBX7 (Chromobox 7) is a Protein Coding gene. GO annotations related to this gene include chromatin binding and single-stranded RNA binding. An important paralog of this gene is CBX4.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CBX7 (AA: 15-147) expressed in E. Coli.
Chemiluminescent detection systems have emerged as the best all-around method for detection of Western blots. They eliminate the hazards associated with radioactive materials and toxic chromogenic substrates. The speed and sensitivity of these methods are unequalled by traditional alternatives. Because results are generated on film, it is possible to record and store data permanently, and blots detected with chemiluminescent methods are easily stripped for subsequent reprobing with additional antibodies. HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) conjugated secondary antibodies are utilized in conjunction with specific chemiluminescent substrates to generate the light signal. HRP-antibody conjugates have a very high turnover rate, giving good sensitivity with short reaction times.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of HRP expressed in E. Coli.
PARL: presenilin associated, rhomboid-like. This gene encodes a mitochondrial integral membrane protein. Following proteolytic processing of this protein, a small peptide (P-beta) is formed and translocated to the nucleus. This gene may be involved in signal transduction via regulated intramembrane proteolysis of membrane-tethered precursor proteins. Variation in this gene has been associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of PARL (aa112-167) expressed in E. Coli.
Adducins are a family of cytoskeleton proteins encoded by three genes (alpha, beta, gamma). Adducin is a heterodimeric protein that consists of related subunits, which are produced from distinct genes but share a similar structure. Alpha- and beta-adducin include a protease-resistant N-terminal region and a protease-sensitive, hydrophilic C-terminal region. Alpha- and gamma-adducins are ubiquitously expressed. In contrast, beta-adducin is expressed at high levels in brain and hematopoietic tissues. Adducin binds with high affinity to Ca(2+)/calmodulin and is a substrate for protein kinases A and C. Alternative splicing results in multiple variants encoding distinct isoforms; however, not all variants have been fully described.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ADD1 (AA: 1-193) expressed in E. Coli.
The jagged 1 protein encoded by JAG1 is the human homolog of the Drosophilia jagged protein. Human jagged 1 is the ligand for the receptor notch 1, the latter a human homolog of the Drosophilia jagged receptor notch. Mutations that alter the jagged 1 protein cause Alagille syndrome. Jagged 1 signalling through notch 1 has also been shown to play a role in hematopoiesis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD339 (AA: extra 47-212) expressed in E. Coli.
KLHL22 (kelch-like protein 22) is a 634 amino acid protein that is related to the Drosophilakelch protein, which is required to maintain Actin organization in ovarian ring canals. Mutations affecting Kelch function result in the failure of Kelch to associate with the ring canals and subsequent female sterility. Human KLHL22 protein contains six kelch repeats and one BTB (POZ) domain. The BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac) domain, also known as the POZ (Poxvirus and Zinc finger) domain, is an N-terminal homodimerization domain that contains multiple copies of kelch repeats and/or C2H2-type zinc fingers. Proteins that contain BTB domains are thought to be involved in transcriptional regulation via control of chromatin structure and function. There are two isoforms of KLHL22 that are produced as a result of alternative splicing events.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLHL22 expressed in E. Coli.
Moesin (for membrane-organizing extension spike protein) is a member of the ERM family which includes ezrin and radixin. ERM proteins appear to function as cross-linkers between plasma membranes and actin-based cytoskeletons. Moesin is localized to filopodia and other membranous protrusions that are important for cell-cell recognition and signaling and for cell movement.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MSN expressed in E. Coli.
Lck (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase), with 509-amino acid protein (about 56kDa), belongs to the Src non-receptor tyrosine kinases family. By virtue of common structural motifs, the Src family is composed of nine members in vertebrates, including Src, Yes, Fgr, Frk, Fyn, Lyn, Hck, Lck and Blk. Lck is expressed predominantly in T cells and is localized to the inner surface of the plasma membrane. Lck is activated after T cell stimulation and is required for T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production. Aberrant expression or activation of Lck kinase has been reported in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid malignancies. In addition, inhibition of Lck has been a target to prevent lymphocyte activation and acute rejection.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Lck expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. Polymorphisms within the encoded protein have been associated with circadian rhythm sleep disorders. A similar protein in mice is a circadian regulator that acts as a transcription factor and forms a heterodimer with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like to activate transcription of mouse period 1.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CLOCK expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes an alpha subunit of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These receptors consist of five subunits and function as ion channels involved in neurotransmission. The encoded protein is a subunit of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that mediate dopaminergic neurotransmission and are activated by acetylcholine and exogenous nicotine. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with both nicotine and alcohol dependence.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA6 (AA: 26-239) expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel receptor superfamily. This gene encodes subunit B of the type 3 receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor causes fast, depolarizing responses in neurons after activation. It is not functional as a homomeric complex, but a pentaheteromeric complex with subunit A (HTR3A) displays the full functional features of this receptor.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HTR3B (AA: extra 23-150) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme activates long-chain, branched-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids containing 22 or more carbons to their CoA derivatives. It is expressed primarily in liver and kidney, and is present in both endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes, but not in mitochondria. Its decreased peroxisomal enzyme activity is in part responsible for the biochemical pathology in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SLC27A2 (AA: 346-405) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RAF1 expressed in E. Coli.
The estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. Alternative splicing results in several ER mRNA transcripts, which differ primarily in their 5-prime untranslated regions. Two isoforms of the human ER, ERA and ER-beta, occur, each with distinct tissue and cell patterns of expression. Pelletier and El-Alfy (2000) studied the immunocytochemical localization of ESRA and ESRB in human reproductive tissues. In the ovary, ERB immunoreactivity was found in nuclei of granulosa cells of growing follicles at all stages from primary to mature follicles, interstitial gland, and germinal epithelium cells. Nuclear staining for ERA occurred in thecal, interstitial gland, and germinal epithelium cells. In the uterus, strong ERA immunoreactivity was detected in nuclei of epithelial, stromal, and muscle cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ER-alpha (410-592aa) expressed in E. Coli.
TEC, it belongs to the Tec family of non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases containing a pleckstrin homology domain. Tec family kinases are involved in the intracellular signaling mechanisms of cytokine receptors, lymphocyte surface antigens, heterotrimeric G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin molecules. They are also key players in the regulation of the immune functions. Tec kinase is an integral component of T cell signaling and has a distinct role in T cell activation. This gene may be associated with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of TEC expressed in E. Coli.
STAT6 protein is a transcription factor activated by cytokines, particularly interleukin 4 and IL 13. (STAT6-/-) were found to be deficient in IL 4 mediated functions including Th2 helper T cell differentiation, expression of cell surface markers, T cell proliferation, immunoglobulin class switching to IgE, and partial loss of IL 4 mediated proliferation. STAT6 mRNA has been detected in peripheral bloodlymphocytes, colon, intestine, ovary, prostate,thymus, spleen, kidney, liver, lung and placenta. STAT6 is critically involved in Th2 immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human STAT6 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor of the PR-domain protein family. It contains a PR-domain and multiple zinc finger motifs. Transcription factors of the PR-domain family are known to be involved in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. An elevated expression level of this gene has been observed in PC12 cells treated with nerve growth factor, beta polypeptide (NGF). This gene is located in a chromosomal region that is thought to contain tumor suppressor genes.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRDM4 (AA: 476-575) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region containing five fibronectin type III repeats, a single transmembrane region, and a single intracytoplasmic catalytic domain, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. This protein is present in all hematopoietic lineages, and was shown to negatively regulate T cell receptor signaling possibly through interfering with the phosphorylation of Phospholipase C Gamma 1 and Linker for Activation of T Cells. This protein can also dephosphorylate the PDGF beta receptor, and may be involved in UV-induced signal transduction. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD148 (AA: extra 36-210) expressed in E. Coli.
HDAC3: histone deacetylase 3, also known as HD3, RPD3, RPD3-2. Entrez Protein NC_000005. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family. It has histone deacetylase activity and represses transcription when tethered to a promoter. It may participate in the regulation of transcription through its binding with the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1. This protein can also down-regulate p53 function and thus modulate cell growth and apoptosis. This gene is regarded as a potential tumor suppressor gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of HDAC3 (aa224-428) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a transcription factor that contains four zinc-finger motifs at the C-terminus and a proline/glutamine-rich DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus. It has an essential role in the normal development of the urogenital system, and it is mutated in a small subset of patients with Wilms tumor. This gene exhibits complex tissue-specific and polymorphic imprinting pattern, with biallelic, and monoallelic expression from the maternal and paternal alleles in different tissues. Multiple transcript variants have been described. In several variants, there is evidence for the use of a non-AUG (CUG) translation initiation codon upstream of, and in-frame with the first AUG. Authors of PMID:7926762 also provide evidence that WT1 mRNA undergoes RNA editing in human and rat, and that this process is tissue-restricted and developmentally regulated.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human WT1 (AA: 1-181) expressed in E. Coli.
PEG10, paternally expressed 10. The PEG10 includes two overlapping reading frames of the same transcript encoding distinct isoforms. The shorter isoform has a CCHC-type zinc finger motif containing a sequence characteristic of gag proteins of most retroviruses and some retrotransposons, and it functions in part by interacting with members of the TGF-beta receptor family. The longer isoform has the active-site DSG consensus sequence of the protease domain of pol proteins. The longer isoform is the result of -1 translational frameshifting that is also seen in some retroviruses. Expression of these two isoforms only comes from the paternal allele due to imprinting. Increased gene expression (as observed by an increase in mRNA levels) is associated with hepatocellular carcinomas.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PEG10 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes one of the three enolase isoenzymes found in mammals. This isoenzyme, a homodimer, is found in mature neurons and cells of neuronal origin. A switch from alpha enolase to gamma enolase occurs in neural tissue during development in rats and primates.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ENO2 (AA: 251-433) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes composed of a prodomain, a large protease subunit, and a small protease subunit. Activation of caspases requires proteolytic processing at conserved internal aspartic residues to generate a heterodimeric enzyme consisting of the large and small subunits. This protein is involved in the programmed cell death induced by Fas and various apoptotic stimuli. The N-terminal FADD-like death effector domain of this protein suggests that it may interact with Fas-interacting protein FADD. This protein was detected in the insoluble fraction of the affected brain region from Huntington disease patients but not in those from normal controls, which implicated the role in neurodegenerative diseases. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described, although not all variants have had their full-length sequences determined.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CASP8 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a transcription factor that contains two GATA-type zinc fingers. The encoded protein is known to bind to hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha), and this interaction is essential for cooperative activation of the intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase promoter. In other organisms, similar proteins may be involved in the establishment of cardiac smooth muscle cell diversity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GATA5 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. Mutations in these genes have been associated with a complex of diseases termed epidermolysis bullosa simplex. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CK5 (AA: 316-590) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor. The encoded protein likely plays a role in transcriptional repression of interleukin 2. Mutations in this gene have been associated with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy-3 and late-onset Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ZEB1 (AA: 967-1108) expressed in E. Coli.
CK17, also known as KRT17, it is the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 17. It is found in nail beds, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and other epidermal appendages. Mutations in this gene lead to Jackson-Lawler type pachyonychia congenita and steatocystoma multiplex. May play a role in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation. Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state. Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway. Involved in tissue repair.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of CK17 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes one member of a family of translation repressor proteins. The protein directly interacts with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), which is a limiting component of the multisubunit complex that recruits 40S ribosomal subunits to the 5' end of mRNAs. Interaction of this protein with eIF4E inhibits complex assembly and represses translation. This protein is phosphorylated in response to various signals including UV irradiation and insulin signaling, resulting in its dissociation from eIF4E and activation of mRNA translation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide of human Phospho-4E-BP1 (Ser65).
Members of the Ras-related superfamily of GTP binding proteins, which includes Ras, Rho, Rab and ARF subfamilies, exhibit 30-50% similarity with Ras p21. Rab proteins play an important role for either in endocytosis or in biosynthetic protein transport. The possibility that Rab proteins might also direct the exocytosis from secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane is supported by the observation that in yeast, the SEC4 protein, which is 40% similar to Rab proteins, is associated with secretory vesicles. Rab proteins located on the cytoplasmic face of organelles and vesicles, rab proteins are involved in intracellular membrane fusion reactions. Rab25 was cloned from a gastric parietal cell cDNA library and is expressed in epithelial tissues such as the gastrointestinal mucosae, kidney, and lung, which encoded a protein of 28 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Rab25 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region contains a meprin-A5 antigen-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP has been shown to mediate cell-cell aggregation through the interaction with another molecule of this PTP on an adjacent cell. This PTP can interact with scaffolding protein RACK1/GNB2L1, which may be necessary for the downstream signaling in response to cell-cell adhesion. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcripts encoding distinct isoforms.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PTPRM (AA: extra 565-742) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the beta tubulin protein family. Beta tubulins are one of two core protein families (alpha and beta tubulins) that heterodimerize and assemble to form microtubules. This protein is specifically expressed in platelets and megakaryocytes and may be involved in proplatelet production and platelet release. A mutations in this gene is associated with autosomal dominant macrothrombocytopenia. Two pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosome Y.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TUBB1 (AA: 33-166) expressed in E. Coli.
SRC: v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian). This gene is highly similar to the v-src gene of Rous sarcoma virus. This proto-oncogene may play a role in the regulation of embryonic development and cell growth. The protein encoded by this gene is a tyrosine-protein kinase whose activity can be inhibited by phosphorylation by c-SRC kinase. Mutations in this gene could be involved in the malignant progression of colon cancer. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of SRC (aa10-193) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is the receptor for colony stimulating factor 1, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages. This receptor mediates most if not all of the biological effects of this cytokine. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase through a process of oligomerization and transphosphorylation. The encoded protein is a tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor and member of the CSF1/PDGF receptor family of tyrosine-protein kinases. Mutations in this gene have been associated with a predisposition to myeloid malignancy. The first intron of this gene contains a transcriptionally inactive ribosomal protein L7 processed pseudogene oriented in the opposite direction. ; ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CSF1R (AA: 344-497) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein family. The product of this gene is a transmembrane protein that is differentially expressed in many cancer cells. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LRP12 (AA: extra 355-492) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of a family of calcium-regulated actin-binding proteins. This protein represents a dominant part of the brush border cytoskeleton which functions in the capping, severing, and bundling of actin filaments. Two mRNAs of 2.7 kb and 3.5 kb have been observed; they result from utilization of alternate poly-adenylation signals present in the terminal exon.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human VIL1 (AA: 1-209) expressed in E. Coli.
RAN (ras-related nuclear protein) is a small GTP binding protein belonging to the RAS superfamily that is essential for the translocation of RNA and proteins through the nuclear pore complex. The RAN protein is also involved in control of DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. Nuclear localization of RAN requires the presence of regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1). Mutations in RAN disrupt DNA synthesis. Because of its many functions, it is likely that RAN interacts with several other proteins. RAN regulates formation and organization of the microtubule network independently of its role in the nucleus-cytosol exchange of macromolecules. RAN could be a key signaling molecule regulating microtubule polymerization during mitosis. RCC1 generates a high local concentration of RAN-GTP around chromatin which, in turn, induces the local nucleation of microtubules. RAN is an androgen receptor (AR) coactivator that binds differentially with different lengths of polyglutamine within the androgen receptor. Polyglutamine repeat expansion in the AR is linked to Kennedy's disease (X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy). RAN coactivation of the AR diminishes with polyglutamine expansion within the AR, and this weak coactivation may lead to partial androgen insensitivity during the development of Kennedy's disease.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RAN (AA: 1-216) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a histone methyltransferase that methylates the Lys-4 position of histone H3. The encoded protein is part of a large protein complex called ASCOM, which has been shown to be a transcriptional regulator of the beta-globin and estrogen receptor genes. Mutations in this gene have been shown to be a cause of Kabuki syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KMT2D (AA: 445-599) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a class III receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates hematopoiesis. The receptor consists of an extracellular domain composed of five immunoglobulin-like domains, one transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic kinase domain split into two parts by a kinase-insert domain. The receptor is activated by binding of the fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand to the extracellular domain, which induces homodimer formation in the plasma membrane leading to autophosphorylation of the receptor. The activated receptor kinase subsequently phosphorylates and activates multiple cytoplasmic effector molecules in pathways involved in apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow. Mutations that result in the constitutive activation of this receptor result in acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FLT3 (AA: 930-991) expressed in E. Coli.
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that can mediate lysis of certain tumor cells and virus-infected cells without previous activation. They can also regulate specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity. NK cells preferentially express several calcium-dependent (C-type) lectins, which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. The NKG2 gene family is located within the NK complex, a region that contains several C-type lectin genes preferentially expressed in NK cells. This gene encodes a member of the NKG2 family. The encoded transmembrane protein is characterized by a type II membrane orientation (has an extracellular C terminus) and the presence of a C-type lectin domain. It binds to a diverse family of ligands that include MHC class I chain-related A and B proteins and UL-16 binding proteins, where ligand-receptor interactions can result in the activation of NK and T cells. The surface expression of these ligands is important for the recognition of stressed cells by the immune system, and thus this protein and its ligands are therapeutic targets for the treatment of immune diseases and cancers. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the upstream KLRC4 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 4) family member in the same cluster.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD314 (AA: extra 73-216) expressed in E. Coli.
WNT1: wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1. The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. This gene is a member of the WNT gene family. It is very conserved in evolution, and the protein encoded by this gene is known to be 98% identical to the mouse Wnt1 protein at the amino acid level. The studies in mouse indicate that the Wnt1 protein functions in the induction of the mesencephalon and cerebellum. This gene was originally considered as a candidate gene for Joubert syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder with cerebellar hypoplasia as a leading feature. However, further studies suggested that the gene mutations might not have a significant rolein Joubert syndrome. This gene is clustered with another family member, WNT10B, in the chromosome 12q13 region.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of WNT1 expressed in E. Coli.
Complement component C3 plays a central role in the activation of complement system. Its activation is required for both classical and alternative complement activation pathways. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate alpha and beta subunits that form the mature protein, which is then further processed to generate numerous peptide products. The C3a peptide, also known as the C3a anaphylatoxin, modulates inflammation and possesses antimicrobial activity. Mutations in this gene are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and age-related macular degeneration in human patients.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human C3C (AA: 1521-1649) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors C and D. The protein is thought to be involved in lymphangiogenesis and maintenance of the lymphatic endothelium. Mutations in this gene cause hereditary lymphedema type IA. Tissue specificity: Placenta, lung, heart, and kidney, does not seem to be expressed in pancreas and brain. VEGFR-3 is induced in all endothelial cells (ECs) during early embryogenesis, and its expression eventually disappears from the vascular endothelial cells of adult tissues. VEGFR-3 is constitutively expressed in the adult lymphatic endothelium. Although VEGFR-3 is not expressed in adult blood vessels, it is induced in vascular endothelial cells of tumor-bearing tissues.VEGFR-3 expression in adults is largely restricted to the endothelial cells of the lymphatic system, and high endothelial venules (HEV).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FLT4 expressed in E. Coli.
MAP4K4: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. This kinase has been shown to specifically activate MAPK8/JNK. The activation of MAPK8 by this kinase is found to be inhibited by the dominant-negative mutants of MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP2K4/MKK4, and MAP2K7/MKK7, which suggests that this kinase may function through the MAP3K7-MAP2K4-MAP2K7 kinase cascade, and mediate the TNF-alpha signaling pathway. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of MAP4K4 (aa400-500) expressed in E. Coli.
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), with 378-amino acid protein( 43-54 kDa), functions in the lysosome to catalyze the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides which are taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis. An inherited deficiency or low activity of human lysosomal acid lipase results in the intralysosomal storage of the respective lipid substrates. So it is also responsible for the rare conditions of Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD). As the enzyme is synthesized by all nucleated cells, lipid-laden cells are found in all organs, particularly in liver, spleen, the adrenal and the hemopoietic system, and in the intestine as well as in the lymph nodes, lungs, testes, and ovaries.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of LAL expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PMS2 (AA: (431-580)) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this catalytic subunit may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRKAA2 (AA: 453-552) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the GHMP (galacto-, homoserine, mevalonate and phosphomevalonate) kinase family and catalyzes the phosphorylation of L-fucose to form beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate. This enzyme catalyzes the first step in the utilization of free L-fucose in glycoprotein and glycolipid synthesis. L-fucose may be important in mediating a number of cell-cell interactions such as blood group antigen recognition, inflammation, and metastatis. While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length nature of only one has been described to date. (provided by RefSeq)
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FUK expressed in E. Coli.
Monoclonal anti-human IgG is derived from the hybridoma1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from an immunized mouse. It is specific for the whole human IgG molecule, has no across action with human IgM molecule as determined by an ELISA. Reactivity is observed with all human IgG subclasses but not with the Fab fragment of human IgG, the antibody site is located in the terminal end of human IgG (part of the Fab fragment), the Fc portion has various important functions such as complement fixation, site for rheumatoid factor.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Human IgG was isolated from human sera and purified by chromatography.
This gene encodes the large and catalytic subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme essential for the conversion of ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides. A pool of available deoxyribonucleotides is important for DNA replication during S phase of the cell cycle as well as multiple DNA repair processes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RRM1 (AA: 541-792) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with the yeast Sec31 protein, and is a component of the outer layer of the coat protein complex II (COPII). The encoded protein is involved in vesicle budding from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and contains multiple WD repeats near the N-terminus and a proline-rich region in the C-terminal half. It associates with the protein encoded by the SEC13 homolog, nuclear pore and COPII coat complex component (SEC13), and is required for ER-Golgi transport. Monoubiquitylation of this protein by CUL3-KLHL12 was found to regulate the size of COPII coats to accommodate unusually shaped cargo. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SEC31A (AA: 429-571) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine pathway and controls the flux of glucose into the hexosamine pathway. The product of this gene catalyzes the formation of glucosamine 6-phosphate. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GFPT1 (AA: 536-681) expressed in E. Coli.
Fibulin 5(FBLN5), with 448-amino acid protein (about 50kDa), is a recently discovered multifunctional extracellular matrix protein that mediates endothelial cell adhesion through integrin ligation, regulates cell growth and motility in a context-specific manner, and prevents elastinopathy in vivo. Fibulin-5 is abundantly expressed in great vessels and cardiac valves during embryogenesis, and in many adult tissues including the aorta, lung, uterus and skin, all of which contain abundant elastic fibres. Decreased fibulin-5 may contribute to the pathogenesis of aortic dissection by impairing elastic fiber assembly. Fibulin-5 is also a good marker of skin ageing and that the earlier loss of fibulin-5 may involve age-dependent changes in other elastic fibre components.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of Fibulin 5 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is expressed on the surface of T cells. It regulates B cell function by engaging CD40 on the B cell surface. A defect in this gene results in an inability to undergo immunoglobulin class switch and is associated with hyper-IgM syndrome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD154 (AA: extra 47-261) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the signal-regulatory-protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. This protein can be phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases. The phospho-tyrosine residues of this PTP have been shown to recruit SH2 domain containing tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), and serve as substrates of PTPs. This protein was found to participate in signal transduction mediated by various growth factor receptors. CD47 has been demonstrated to be a ligand for this receptor protein. This gene and its product share very high similarity with several other members of the SIRP family. These related genes are located in close proximity to each other on chromosome 20p13. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been determined for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD172A (AA: extra 235-373) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit and a member of a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast signal transmission at synapses. These receptors are thought to be heteropentamers composed of separate but similar subunits. Defects in this gene have been linked to susceptibility to lung cancer type 2 (LNCR2).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA5 (AA: extra 23-254) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. The ligands of this receptor are BMPs, which are members of the TGF-beta superfamily. BMPs are involved in endochondral bone formation and embryogenesis. These proteins transduce their signals through the formation of heteromeric complexes of two different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors require their respective type II receptors for ligand binding. Mutations in this gene have been associated with primary pulmonary hypertension, both familial and fenfluramine-associated, and with pulmonary venoocclusive disease. (provided by RefSeq)
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BMPR2 expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is one of two human homologs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad23, a protein involved in nucleotide excision repair. Proteins in this family have a modular domain structure consisting of an ubiquitin-like domain (UbL), ubiquitin-associated domain 1 (UbA1), XPC-binding domain and UbA2. The protein encoded by this gene plays an important role in nucleotide excision repair and also in delivery of polyubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RAD23A (AA: 1-363) expressed in E. Coli.
TNK1: tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 1. TNK1 is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase(NRPTK). These kinases, like members of the SRC (MIM 190090) and JAK (see MIM 147795) families, mediate intracellular signaling downstream of receptor activation.Tnk1 is a ubiquitously expressed 47-kDa protein with autotyrosine kinase activity that is developmentally regulated during embryogenesis. Tnk1 is also upregulated following IL3 withdrawal from factor-dependent murine NSF/N1.H7 cells that undergo apoptosis, suggesting a role in growth inhibition. Data support a negative regulatory role for Tnk1 in regulating the Ras-Raf1-MAPK growth pathway by a mechanism that requires its autotyrosine kinase activity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of TNK1 (aa451-560) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a single-pass type I membrane protein and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of receptors. The encoded protein may be involved in the regulation of antigen presentation. A soluble form of this protein can bind to dendritic cells and inhibit their maturation. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD83 (AA: extra 20-144) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a nuclear zinc finger protein that functions as a transcriptional repressor. This protein plays a role in diverse developmental contexts, including hematopoiesis and oncogenesis. It functions as part of a complex along with other cofactors to control histone modifications that lead to silencing of the target gene promoters. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal dominant severe congenital neutropenia, and also dominant nonimmune chronic idiopathic neutropenia of adults, which are heterogeneous hematopoietic disorders that cause predispositions to leukemias and infections. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified for this gene.Expression of GFl1 ranges from the hematopoietic and lymphoid system, to sensory epithelia, lung and parts of the CNS.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GFI1 expressed in E. Coli.
SORL1 (sortilin-related receptor, L A repeats containing) also known as sorting protein-related receptor containing LDLR class A (SorLA), is a Type I membrane protein that may be involved in cell-cell interaction. SorLA, a single transmembrane receptor, binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis. SorLA is synthesized as a proreceptor which is processed to the mature form by a furin-like propeptidase. It can also bind to RAP (receptor-associated protein). SorLA is a multifunctional endocytis receptor important in lipoprotein and protease uptake. The N-terminal propeptide, which is removed, can be cleaved by furin or homologous proteases. Endogenous SorLA binds the neuropeptide head activator (HA) and is important for HA signaling and function. The gene encoding for the protein maps to chromosome 8p23.1. SorLA is expressed mainly in brain (cerebral cortex, cerebellum and the occipital pole), but can also be found in liver, spinal cord, kidney, testis and pancreas.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SORL1 expressed in E. Coli.
Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a member of the L18AE family of ribosomal proteins that is a component of the 60S subunit. The encoded protein may play a role in viral replication by interacting with the hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES). This gene is co-transcribed with the U68 snoRNA, located within the third intron. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed throughout the genome. ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human RPL18A (AA: 50-176) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of T cells. It is a member of the Ig-superfamily containing 2 Ig-like domains of the V-set. The protein mediates cellular adhesion of platelets and megakaryocytic cells to vascular endothelial cells. The protein also plays a role in megakaryocytic cell maturation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD226 (AA: extra 19-254) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into four classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been determined; however, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. The protein encoded by this gene is included in class I of the sirtuin family. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different proteins have been described for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SIRT3 (AA: 155-290) expressed in E. Coli.
LAMB1: laminin, beta 1. Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis. Laminins are composed of 3 non identical chains: laminin alpha, beta and gamma (formerly A, B1, and B2, respectively) and they form a cruciform structure consisting of 3 short arms, each formed by a different chain, and a long arm composed of all 3 chains. Each laminin chain is a multidomain protein encoded by a distinct gene. Several isoforms of each chain have been described. Different alpha, beta and gamma chain isomers combine to give rise to different heterotrimeric laminin isoforms which are designated by Arabic numerals in the order of their discovery, i.e. alpha1beta1gamma1 heterotrimer is laminin 1. The biological functions of the different chains and trimer molecules are largely unknown, but some of the chains have been shown to differ with respect to their tissue distribution, presumably reflecting diverse functions in vivo. This gene encodes the beta chain isoform laminin, beta 1. The beta 1 chain has 7 structurally distinct domains which it shares with other beta chain isomers. The C-terminal helical region containing domains I and II are separated by domain alpha, domains III and V contain several EGF-like repeats, and domains IV and VI have a globular conformation. Laminin, beta 1 is expressed in most tissues that produce basement membranes, and is one of the 3 chains constituting laminin 1, the first laminin isolated from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor. A sequence in the beta 1 chain that is involved in cell attachment, chemotaxis, and binding to the laminin receptor was identified and shown to have the capacity to inhibit metastasis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of LAMB1 (aa31-270) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the somatostatin receptor protein family. Somatostatins are peptide hormones that regulate diverse cellular functions such as neurotransmission, cell proliferation, and endocrine signaling as well as inhibiting the release of many hormones and other secretory proteins. Somatostatin has two active forms of 14 and 28 amino acids. The biological effects of somatostatins are mediated by a family of G-protein coupled somatostatin receptors that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Somatostatin receptors form homodimers and heterodimers with other members of the superfamily as well as with other G-protein coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein is functionally coupled to adenylyl cyclase. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SSTR3 (AA: 1-43) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a protein that plays an important role in the immune response. This protein is a high-affinity Fc-gamma receptor. The gene is one of three related gene family members located on chromosome 1.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD64 (AA: extra 16-145) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a highly conserved preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate four main cleavage products including saposins A, B, C, and D. Each domain of the precursor protein is approximately 80 amino acid residues long with nearly identical placement of cysteine residues and glycosylation sites. Saposins A-D localize primarily to the lysosomal compartment where they facilitate the catabolism of glycosphingolipids with short oligosaccharide groups. The precursor protein exists both as a secretory protein and as an integral membrane protein and has neurotrophic activities. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Gaucher disease and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes an isoform that is proteolytically processed.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PSAP (AA: 17-216) expressed in E. Coli.
CD101 (CD101 Molecule) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CD101 include Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Histiocytosis. Among its related pathways are Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways and Innate Immune System. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides. An important paralog of this gene is IGSF3.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD101 (AA: extra 22-168) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen that is an important cell surface marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). This protein is present on leukemic cells of pre-B phenotype, which represent 85% of cases of ALL. This protein is not restricted to leukemic cells, however, and is found on a variety of normal tissues. It is a glycoprotein that is particularly abundant in kidney, where it is present on the brush border of proximal tubules and on glomerular epithelium. The protein is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones including glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. This gene, which encodes a 100-kD type II transmembrane glycoprotein, exists in a single copy of greater than 45 kb. The 5' untranslated region of this gene is alternatively spliced, resulting in four separate mRNA transcripts. The coding region is not affected by alternative splicing.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD10 (AA: 321-496) expressed in E. Coli.
KDM4B (Lysine Demethylase 4B) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Chromatin organization and DNA Double-Strand Break Repair. GO annotations related to this gene include dioxygenase activity. An important paralog of this gene is KDM4C.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KDM4B (AA: 960-1096) expressed in E. Coli.
CIRBP (Cold Inducible RNA Binding Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CIRBP include Cryptorchidism. Among its related pathways are Neuroscience and Translational Control. GO annotations related to this gene include nucleic acid binding and nucleotide binding. An important paralog of this gene is RBMX.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CIRBP (AA: 1-90) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromosome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human TOP2A (AA: 1100-1530) expressed in E. Coli.
APOL1(apolipoprotein L, 1), also known as APOL, APO-L, APOL-I. Entrez Protein NP_001130012. It is a 395aa secreted high density lipoprotein which binds to apolipoprotein A-I. And is involved in the formation of most cholesteryl esters in plasma and also promotes efflux of cholesterol from cells. The apolipoprotein L gene family encodes six highly homologous proteins designated apoL-I to -VI. This apolipoprotein L family member may play a role in lipid exchange and transport throughout the body, as well as in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to the liver. Several different transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of APOL1 expressed in E. Coli.
KLHL13 (kelch-like 13), also known as BKLHD2 (BTB and kelch domain-containing protein 2), is a 604 amino acid protein that contains six Kelch repeats and one BTB/POZ domain. Expressed predominantly in brain, KLHL13 is believed to play a role in protein ubiquitination and may function as a substrate- specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. E3 ligases accept a ubiquitin residue from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and immediately transfer that residue to a protein that is targeted for degradation. Specifically, KLHL13 interacts with KLHL9 and CUL-3, a member of the cullin family of mediators that participate in the selective targeting of proteins for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Via its BTB and C-terminal Kelch (BACK) motif, KLHL13 is thought to play a role in spatially orientating substrates in the CUL-3 ligase.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KLHL13 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic linker or adaptor protein that plays a critical role in B cell development. This protein bridges B cell receptor-associated kinase activation with downstream signaling pathways, thereby affecting various biological functions. The phosphorylation of five tyrosine residues is necessary for this protein to nucleate distinct signaling effectors following B cell receptor activation. Mutations in this gene cause hypoglobulinemia and absent B cells, a disease in which the pro- to pre-B-cell transition is developmentally blocked. Deficiency in this protein has also been shown in some cases of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human BLNK expressed in E. Coli.
AGT, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AGT expressed in E. Coli.
The interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor alpha (IL2RA) and beta (IL2RB) chains, together with the common gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. Homodimeric alpha chains (IL2RA) result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric beta (IL2RB) chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. Normally an integral-membrane protein, soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolyisis. Alternately-spliced IL2RA mRNAs have been isolated, but the significance of each is presently unknown. Mutations in this gene are associated with interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency. ; ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human IL2RA (AA: 34-139) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the mucin protein family. Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins produced by many epithelial tissues. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and forms an insoluble mucous barrier that protects the gut lumen. The protein polymerizes into a gel of which 80% is composed of oligosaccharide side chains by weight. The protein features a central domain containing tandem repeats rich in threonine and proline that varies between 50 and 115 copies in different individuals. Downregulation of this gene has been observed in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MUC2 (AA: 4373-4557) expressed in E. Coli.
Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a major Ca(2+)-binding (storage) protein in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also found in the nucleus, suggesting that it may have a role in transcription regulation. Calreticulin binds to the synthetic peptide KLGFFKR, which is almost identical to an amino acid sequence in the DNA-binding domain of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain sera of systemic lupus and Sjogren patients which contain anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, it is highly conserved among species, and it is located in the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum where it may bind calcium. The amino terminus of calreticulin interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor and prevents the receptor from binding to its specific glucocorticoid response element. Calreticulin can inhibit the binding of androgen receptor to its hormone-responsive DNA element and can inhibit androgen receptor and retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activities in vivo, as well as retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Thus, calreticulin can act as an important modulator of the regulation of gene transcription by nuclear hormone receptors. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with increased autoantibody titers against calreticulin but calreticulin is not a Ro/SS-A antigen. Earlier papers referred to calreticulin as an Ro/SS-A antigen but this was later disproven. Increased autoantibody titer against human calreticulin is found in infants with complete congenital heart block of both the IgG and IgM classes.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa(E-E-E-D-V-P-G-Q-A-K-D-E-L-C)of human Calreticulin, conjugated to KLH.
This gene encodes a member of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family. These receptors play a wide variety of roles in normal cell function and development due to their interactions with multiple ligands. Disruption of this gene has been reported in several types of cancer.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human LRP1B (AA: extra 25-161) expressed in E. Coli.
p53 responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate target genes that induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. p53 protein is expressed at low level in normal cells and at a high level in a variety of transformed cell lines, where it's believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. p53 is a DNA-binding protein containing transcription activation, DNA-binding, and oligomerization domains. It is postulated to bind to a p53-binding site and activate expression of downstream genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion, and thus function as a tumor suppressor. Mutants of p53 that frequently occur in a number of different human cancers fail to bind the consensus DNA binding site, and hence cause the loss of tumor suppressor activity. Alterations of this gene occur not only as somatic mutations in human malignancies, but also as germline mutations in some cancer-prone families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Multiple p53 variants due to alternative promoters and multiple alternative splicing have been found. These variants encode distinct isoforms, which can regulate p53 transcriptional activity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human p53 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the calnexin family of molecular chaperones. The encoded protein is a calcium-binding, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that interacts transiently with newly synthesized N-linked glycoproteins, facilitating protein folding and assembly. It may also play a central role in the quality control of protein folding by retaining incorrectly folded protein subunits within the ER for degradation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to aa (CEAAEERPWLWVVYILTVAL) of human Calnexin, conjugated to KLH.
This gene encodes a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which belongs to a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels that play a role in fast signal transmission at synapses. These pentameric receptors can bind acetylcholine, which causes an extensive change in conformation that leads to the opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. This protein is an integral membrane receptor subunit that can interact with either nAChR beta-2 or nAChR beta-4 to form a functional receptor. Mutations in this gene cause nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy type 1. Polymorphisms in this gene that provide protection against nicotine addiction have been described. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHRNA4 (AA: extra 29-242) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) family. This kinase is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself and members of the MAPK pathway. Signalling through this kinase leads to cell differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with obesity and mood disorders. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human NTRK2 (AA: 207-339) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a low affinity receptor for the Fc region of gamma immunoglobulins (IgG). The encoded protein acts as a monomer and can bind either monomeric or aggregated IgG. This gene may function to capture immune complexes in the peripheral circulation. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. A highly-similar gene encoding a related protein is also found on chromosome 1.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD16B (AA: 17-200) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the perilipin family, members of which coat intracellular lipid storage droplets. This protein is associated with the lipid globule surface membrane material, and maybe involved in development and maintenance of adipose tissue. However, it is not restricted to adipocytes as previously thought, but is found in a wide range of cultured cell lines, including fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells, and tissues, such as lactating mammary gland, adrenal cortex, Sertoli and Leydig cells, and hepatocytes in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, suggesting that it may serve as a marker of lipid accumulation in diverse cell types and diseases. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLIN2 (AA: 286-437) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is part of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex (TCR/CD3 complex) and is involved in T-cell development and signal transduction. The encoded membrane protein represents the delta subunit of the CD3 complex, and along with four other CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. Defects in this gene are a cause of severe combined immunodeficiency autosomal recessive T-cell-negative/B-cell-positive/NK-cell-positive (SCIDBNK). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants may also exist, but the full-length natures of their transcripts has yet to be defined.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD3D (AA: extra 22-105) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Two other peptides, catestatin and chromofungin, have antimicrobial activity and antifungal activity, respectively. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CHGA (AA: 278-457) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the C-type lectin/C-type lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) superfamily. Members of this family share a common protein fold and have diverse functions, such as cell adhesion, cell-cell signaling, glycoprotein turnover, and roles in inflammation and immune response. The protein encoded by this gene is a negative regulator of granulocyte and monocyte function. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. This gene is closely linked to other CTL/CTLD superfamily members in the natural killer gene complex region on chromosome 12p13.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CLL1 (AA: extra 65-265) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the CD2 subfamily of immunoglobulin-like receptors which includes SLAM (signaling lymphocyte activation molecules) proteins. The encoded protein is found on the surface of lymphocytes and other immune cells, dendritic cells and endothelial cells, and participates in activation and differentiation pathways in these cells. The encoded protein does not have a transmembrane domain, however, but is held at the cell surface by a GPI anchor via a C-terminal domain which maybe cleaved to yield a soluble form of the receptor. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD48 (AA: 47-181) expressed in E. Coli.
NTRK3 (neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3), it is a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) family and plays an important role in the development and maintenance of neural tissues. This kinase is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself and members of the MAPK pathway. Signalling through this kinase leads to cell differentiation and may play a role in the development of proprioceptive neurons that sense body position. Mutations in this gene have been associated with medulloblastomas, secretory breast carcinomas and other cancers.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant extracellular fragment of human NTRK3 (aa32-429) fused with hIgGFc tag expressed in HEK293 cells.
This gene encodes a member of the beta chemokine receptor family, which is predicted to be a seven transmembrane protein similar to G protein-coupled receptors. This protein is expressed by T cells and macrophages, and is known to be an important co-receptor for macrophage-tropic virus, including HIV, to enter host cells. Defective alleles of this gene have been associated with the HIV infection resistance. The ligands of this receptor include monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP-2), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta) and regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted protein (RANTES). Expression of this gene was also detected in a promyeloblastic cell line, suggesting that this protein may play a role in granulocyte lineage proliferation and differentiation. This gene is located at the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. An allelic polymorphism in this gene results in both functional and non-functional alleles; the reference genome represents the functional allele. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD195 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the bicoid sub-family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors. The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and may play a role in brain and sensory organ development. A similar protein in mice is required for proper forebrain development.Tissue specificity: Expressed in brain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human OTX2 expressed in E. Coli.
IFN-gamma (interferon, gamma) is an antiviral and antiparasitic agent produced by CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes and natural killer cells that undergo activation by antigens, mitogens or alloantigens. It is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the regulation of nearly all phases of immune and inflammatory responses, including the activation, growth and differentiation of T cell, B cells, macrophages, NK cells and other cell types such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. The active form of IFN-G is a homodimer with each subunit containing six helices. The dimeric structure of human IFN-G is stabilized by non-covalent interactions through the interface of the helices. IFN-G translated precursor is 166 amino acids, including the 23 amino acid secretory sequence. It is upregulated by IL2, FGF basic, EGF and downregulated by vitamin D3 or DMN. Multiple forms exist due to variable glycosylation and under non-denaturing conditions due to dimers and tetramers.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Recombinant human IFN-gamma (BioSource company, Cat.No. PHC4033)
ITGA2B encodes integrin alpha chain 2b. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Alpha chain 2b undergoes post-translational cleavage to yield disulfide-linked light and heavy chains that join with beta 3 to form a fibronectin receptor expressed in platelets that plays a crucial role in coagulation. Mutations that interfere with this role result in thrombasthenia. In addition to adhesion, integrins are known to participate in cell-surface mediated signalling. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human ITGA2B (AA: 45-149) expressed in E. Coli.
SRC: v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian). This gene is highly similar to the v-src gene of Rous sarcoma virus. This proto-oncogene may play a role in the regulation of embryonic development and cell growth. The protein encoded by this gene is a tyrosine-protein kinase whose activity can be inhibited by phosphorylation by c-SRC kinase. Mutations in this gene could be involved in the malignant progression of colon cancer. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of SRC (aa10-193) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the forkhead/winged-helix (FOX) family of transcription factors. It is expressed in fetal and adult brain as well as in several other organs such as the lung and gut. The protein product contains a FOX DNA-binding domain and a large polyglutamine tract and is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor, which may bind directly to approximately 300 to 400 gene promoters in the human genome to regulate the expression of a variety of genes. This gene is required for proper development of speech and language regions of the brain during embryogenesis, and may be involved in a variety of biological pathways and cascades that may ultimately influence language development. Mutations in this gene cause speech-language disorder 1 (SPCH1), also known as autosomal dominant speech and language disorder with orofacial dyspraxia. Multiple alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAPK3 expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a nuclear protein containing a SWIRM domain, a FAD-binding motif, and an amine oxidase domain. This protein is a component of several histone deacetylase complexes, though it silences genes by functioning as a histone demethylase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human KDM1A (AA: 55-263) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the GTP-binding translation elongation factor family. This protein is an essential factor for protein synthesis. It promotes the GTP-dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome. This protein is completely inactivated by EF-2 kinase phosporylation. (provided by RefSeq)
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EEF2 expressed in E. Coli.
HLA-B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exon 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-B alleles have been described.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HLA-B (AA: 241-362) expressed in E. Coli.
CpG methylation is an epigenetic modification that is important for embryonic development, imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation. Studies in mice have demonstrated that DNA methylation is required for mammalian development. This gene encodes a nuclear protein with similarity to DNA methyltransferases, but is not thought to function as a DNA methyltransferase as it does not contain the amino acid residues necessary for methyltransferase activity. However, it does stimulate de novo methylation by DNA cytosine methyltransferase 3 alpha and is thought to be required for the establishment of maternal genomic imprints. This protein also mediates transcriptional repression through interaction with histone deacetylase 1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human DNMT3L (AA: 147-386) expressed in E. Coli.
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used in variety of laboratories products which contain BSA as a stabilizer. BSA could be detected for the indication of remains of chemical derivates from animal products. This antibody is a good reagent that may be used for the development of detection assay in ELISA or western blot to test the remaning BSA for clinical products in Vivo or research products In Vitro.
This locus has a highly complex imprinted expression pattern. It gives rise to maternally, paternally, and biallelically expressed transcripts that are derived from four alternative promoters and 5' exons. Some transcripts contain a differentially methylated region (DMR) at their 5' exons, and this DMR is commonly found in imprinted genes and correlates with transcript expression. An antisense transcript is produced from an overlapping locus on the opposite strand. One of the transcripts produced from this locus, and the antisense transcript, are paternally expressed noncoding RNAs, and may regulate imprinting in this region. In addition, one of the transcripts contains a second overlapping ORF, which encodes a structurally unrelated protein - Alex. Alternative splicing of downstream exons is also observed, which results in different forms of the stimulatory G-protein alpha subunit, a key element of the classical signal transduction pathway linking receptor-ligand interactions with the activation of adenylyl cyclase and a variety of cellular reponses. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Mutations in this gene result in pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a, pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism, McCune-Albright syndrome, progressive osseus heteroplasia, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, and some pituitary tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012];
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human GNAS (AA: 42-188) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the forkhead/winged-helix family of transcriptional regulators. Defects in this gene are the cause of immunodeficiency polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX), also known as X-linked autoimmunity-immunodeficiency syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human FOXP3 (AA: 297-431) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene is a member of the Rab family of small G proteins and plays a role in regulating membrane trafficking between trans-Golgi network (TGN) and recycling endosomes (RE). The encoded protein is involved in the assembly of tight junctions, which are components of the apical junctional complex (AJC) of epithelial cells. The AJC plays a role in forming a barrier between luminal contents and the underlying tissue. Additional functions associated with the protein include endocytic recycling of occludin, regulation of epithelial cell scattering, neuronal regeneration and regulation of neurite outgrowth. Alternately spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 12. ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human Rab13 (AA: 66-200) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a member of the secretoglobin family of small secreted proteins. The encoded protein has been implicated in numerous functions including anti-inflammation, inhibition of phospholipase A2 and the sequestering of hydrophobic ligands. Defects in this gene are associated with a susceptibility to asthma. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human SCGB1A1 (AA: 26-91) expressed in E. Coli.
PLXNA1 (Plexin A1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PLXNA1 include Hereditary Congenital Facial Paresis. Among its related pathways are Developmental Biology and Neuroscience. GO annotations related to this gene include receptor activity and semaphorin receptor activity. An important paralog of this gene is PLXNA3.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PLXNA1 (AA: 1100-1200) expressed in E. Coli.
This gene encodes a subunit of the heterotetrameric coat assembly protein complex 2 (AP2), which belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunits family. The encoded protein is required for the activity of a vacuolar ATPase, which is responsible for proton pumping occurring in the acidification of endosomes and lysosomes. The encoded protein may also play an important role in regulating the intracellular trafficking and function of CTLA-4 protein. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human AP2M1 (AA: 298-435) expressed in E. Coli.
EZH1 is a component of a noncanonical Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) that mediates methylation of histone H3 (see MIM 602812) lys27 (H3K27) and functions in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency and plasticity (Shen et al., 2008 [PubMed 19026780]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2009]
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human EZH1 (AA: 135-294) expressed in E. Coli.
Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. The enzyme encoded by this gene degrades type IV and V collagens. Studies in rhesus monkeys suggest that the enzyme is involved in IL-8-induced mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from bone marrow, and murine studies suggest a role in tumor-associated tissue remodeling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MMP9 expressed in E. Coli.
ITK: IL2-inducible T-cell kinase. This gene encodes an intracellular tyrosine kinase expressed in T-cells. The protein contains both SH2 and SH3 domains which are often found in intracellular kinases. It is thought to play a role in T-cell proliferation and differentiation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of ITK (aa2-110) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is induced by environmental stress and developmental changes. The encoded protein is involved in stress resistance and actin organization and translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon stress induction. Defects in this gene are a cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F) and distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN). (provided by RefSeq) Tissue specificity: Detected in all tissues tested: skeletal muscle, heart, aorta, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, esophagus, bladder, adrenal gland, thyroid, pancreas, testis, adipose tissue, kidney, liver, spleen, cerebral cortex, blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Highest levels are found in the heart and in tissues composed of striated and smooth muscle.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human HSP27 expressed in E. Coli.
The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors, which contains several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is a P2Y purinergic receptor for UDP-glucose and other UDP-sugars coupled to G-proteins. It has been implicated in extending the known immune system functions of P2Y receptors by participating in the regulation of the stem cell compartment, and it may also play a role in neuroimmune function. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human P2RY14 (AA: extra mix) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. The activation requires its phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinases (MKKs), or its autophosphorylation triggered by the interaction of MAP3K7IP1/TAB1 protein with this kinase. The substrates of this kinase include transcription regulator ATF2, MEF2C, and MAX, cell cycle regulator CDC25B, and tumor suppressor p53, which suggest the roles of this kinase in stress related transcription and cell cycle regulation, as well as in genotoxic stress response. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. ; ; ;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MAPK14 (AA: 299-360) expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the Hippo signaling pathway, which controls organ size and tumor growth by enhancing apoptosis. Loss of the encoded protein results in cell proliferation and cancer formation. The encoded protein is also involved in the control of microtubule stability during cytokinesis. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human MOB1A (AA:1-216) expressed in E. Coli.
Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. This structure consists of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a nucleosome, an octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H4 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in a histone cluster on chromosome 1. This gene is one of four histone genes in the cluster that are duplicated; this record represents the centromeric copy.;
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Synthesized peptide of human HIST2H4A ( AA: GGAKRHRK(Me)VLRDNIQ ) .
MPS1, also known as RPS27. It is a ribosomal protein. Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. MPS1 is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S27E family of ribosomal proteins. It contains a C4-type zinc finger domain that can bind to zinc. The encoded protein has been shown to be able to bind to nucleic acid. It is located in the cytoplasm as a ribosomal component, but it has also been detected in the nucleus. Studies in rat indicate that ribosomal protein S27 is located near ribosomal protein S18 in the 40S subunit and is covalently linked to translation initiation factor eIF3. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of MPS1 expressed in E. Coli.
The PRKDC gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a nuclear DNA-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (DNA-PK). The second component is the autoimmune antigen Ku (MIM 152690), which is encoded by the G22P1 gene on chromosome 22q. On its own, the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK is inactive and relies on the G22P1 component to direct it to the DNA and trigger its kinase activity; PRKDC must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human PRKDC expressed in E. Coli.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor has been shown to activate NF-kappaB through its interaction with adaptor proteins TRAF2 and TRAF5. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this receptor promotes the expression of apoptosis inhibitors BCL2 and BCL2lL1/BCL2-XL, and thus suppresses apoptosis. The knockout studies also suggested the roles of this receptor in CD4+ T cell response, as well as in T cell-dependent B cell proliferation and differentiation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
4°C -20°C for long term storage
Host Animal:
mouse
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant fragment of human CD134 (AA: extra 29-214) expressed in E. Coli.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ488 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ488 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
447
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
650
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
358
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
455
Price to us in GBP:
250.25
Profit:
196.75
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ568 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
124
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
180
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
99
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
126
Price to us in GBP:
69.30
Profit:
54.70
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ568 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ647 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ647 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
516
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
750
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
413
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
525
Price to us in GBP:
288.75
Profit:
227.25
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ680 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Apop's suite of CalRexin (TM) imaging reagents have been designed for imaging stressed, dying and apoptotic cells. They are monoclonal antibody fluorophore conjugates that target an epitope in the extracellular domain of the human calcitonin receptor (CT receptor), a novel marker of cell stress/autophagy and pre-apoptotic cell stress/apoptosis. They recognise and bind an epitope that is common to both C1a and C1b isoforms of the human calcitonin receptor, a membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains that is coupled to G protein messenger systems. The calcitonin receptor has been identified in a broad range of tissues throughout the life cycle of an organism as well as in diseased, stressed and damaged tissues. CalRexin (TM):fluorophore is accumulated into live cells and is designed for live cell assays.
Advantages: Simple to use High sensitivity, detect sub-populations in FACS of dying cells Enhanced stability (> 1 yr) Multiple applications (FACS, Operetta, confocal microscopy) Calcium independence for assays No false positives vs Annexin
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
200 µg in 200 µL PBS Purified, 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sterile filtered
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human cells and cell lines
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from sequence situated in the N-terminal domain of human calcitonin receptor.
For use in live cell assays to study pre-apoptotic stress and events leading to apoptosis. Flow Cytometry (1:500) Immunocytochemistry Live* (1:500) *Note that cells undergoing programmed cell death must be unfixed during the stain but may be fixed thereafter. ELISA (1:5000/50% colour) Immunoblotting (1:100)
UK:
138
WEBLIST PRICE 2022 USD:
200
GBP Equivalent price at 1.3:
110
Distributor_Net_Purchase_Price_2022_USD:
140
Price to us in GBP:
77.00
Profit:
61.00
Alternative Names:
Monoclonal antibody mAb2C4 conjugated with TFP esters:AZ680 The name given to mAb2C4 is CalRexin (TM)
Shelf Life:
Short term storage (12 months) at 4-6?C
Storage:
Storage for 12 months at 4-6?C after filter sterilization. Do not freeze. Prepare working dilutions on day of use.
Factor VIIa (FVIIa) is a key serine protease involved in the initiation of the coagulation cascade. FVIIa requires tissue factor (TF), a membrane bound protein, as an essential cofactor for maximal activity towards its biological substrates Factor X, Factor IX and Factor VII (FVII).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them, to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Primates
Immunogen:
Recombinant human Factor VIIa (NovoSeven , Novo Nordisk A/S Denmark)
Applications:
Prothrombin assay with human plasma (PT), thrombin generation assay, inhibition assay with Factor VIIa with TF and a chromogenic substrate, inDirect ELISA (I-ELISA)
This antibody is purified using Protein G, to obtain a total IgG fraction
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (I-ELISA), 14 g/ml (IL)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified IgG in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
52 kDa (this is MW of Factor VIIa)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lopez-Vilchez et al. (2009). Traffic of rFVIIa through Endothelial Cells and Redistribution into Subendothelium: Implications for a Prolonged Hemostatic Effect. Journal of Coagulation Disorders, October 1: (1). (immunolocalization)
Special application note:
No significant difference in binding to Factor VII and Factor VIIa.Antibody is purified to total IgG fraction, followed by purification on specific FVIIa column.
Factor VIIa (FVIIa) is a key serine protease involved in the initiation of the coagulation cascade. FVIIa requires tissue factor (TF), a membrane bound protein, as an essential cofactor for maximal activity towards its biological substrates Factor X, Factor IX and Factor VII (FVII).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them, to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Primates
Immunogen:
Recombinant human Factor VIIa (NovoSeven , Novo Nordisk A/S Denmark)
Applications:
Prothrombin assay with human plasma (PT), thrombin generation assay, inhibition assay with Factor VIIa with TF and a chromogenic substrate, inDirect ELISA (I-ELISA)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lopez-Vilchez et al. (2009). Traffic of rFVIIa through Endothelial Cells and Redistribution into Subendothelium: Implications for a Prolonged Hemostatic Effect. Journal of Coagulation Disorders, October 1: (1). (immunolocalization)
Special application note:
No significant difference in binding to Factor VII and Factor VIIa.Antibody is purified to total IgG fraction, followed by purification on specific FVIIa column.
ClpC is a chloroplastic protein of the Hsp100 family. It is believed to function as a housekeeping enzyme, both in its capacity as an independent molecular chaperone and as the regulatory component of the Clp protease.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
1 : 1000 (IHC), 1 : 5000 on 10 g of total protein, (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
92 | 87 kDa
Not reactive in:
Different strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis
Selected references:
Jiang et al. (2020). Plastid chaperone HSP90C guides precursor proteins to the SEC translocase for thylakoid transport. J Exp Bot. 2020 Aug 27;eraa399.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa399. Lee et al. (2018). Prolines in Transit Peptides Are Crucial for Efficient Preprotein Translocation into Chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 2018 Jan;176(1):663-677. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01553. Epub 2017 Nov 20.Hu et al. (2015). Site-specific Nitrosoproteomic Identification of Endogenously S-Nitrosylated Proteins in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2015 Feb 19. pii: pp.00026.2015.Rosano et al. (2011). Insights into the Clp/HSP100 chaperone system from chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem. Aug 26;286(34):29671-80. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)Karradt et al. (2008) NblA, a Key Protein of Phycobilisome Degradation, Interacts with ClpC, a HSP100 Chaperone Partner of a Cyanobacterial Clp Protease. J Biol Chem 283: 32394-32403.
Special application note:
Anti-ClpC antibodies will also recognized Arabidopsis thaliana isoform ClpC1 (At5g50920) and ClpC2 (At3g48870).
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photsynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. While Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 are quite similar and regularily present in multiple gene-copies, the Lhcb3 protein differs in pigment-composition and molecular size and often is coded by only a single gene. Lhcb3 seems not to be present in the mobile LHCII trimers involved in state 1-state 2 transitions. A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467–9476.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cucumis melo, Dicots, Gymnosperms, MossesSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a highly conserved sequence of Lhcb3 proteins from angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms, including Arabidopsis thaliana Lhcb3 UniProt: Q9S7M0,TAIR:AT5G54270. This sequence is highly conserved even in Ginko biloba and one of the major LHCII-forms of Physcomitrella patens.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28.7 | 26 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
von Bismarck et al. (2021) Light acclimation interacts with thylakoid ion transport to govern the dynamics of photosynthesis. Research Square; 2021. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-948381/v1.Wu et al. (2021). Formation of light-harvesting complex (LHC) II aggregates from LHCII-PSI-LHCI complexes in rice plants under high light. J Exp Bot. 2021 May 3:erab188. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab188. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33939808.Wojtowicz et al. (2020). Compensation Mechanism of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana ch1 Mutants. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):221. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010221. PMID: 33379339; PMCID: PMC7794896.Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyll b in Nannochloropsis salina enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Furukawa et al. (2019). Formation of a PSI–PSII megacomplex containing LHCSR and PsbS in the moss Physcomitrella patens. J Plant Res https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-019-01138-2.
Special application note:
Antibody format is a total IgG fraction, which means that it is a pool of polyclonal antibodies obtained by purification of serum on Protein G, not on a specific antigen column.
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photosynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. Lhcb2 is often coded by several nuclear genes and is found together with Lhcb1 within the mobile LHCII trimers involved in state1-state2 transition.A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467–9476.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a highly conserved sequence of Lhcb2 proteins from angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms, including Arabidopsis thaliana Lhcb2.1 UniProt: Q9SHR7, TAIR: AT2G05100, Lhcb2.2 UniProt: Q9S7J7, TAIR:AT2G05070, Lhcb2.3 UniProt:Q9XF87, TAIR:AT3G27690
Applications:
Immunoprecipitation (IP), ImmunoGold (IG), Western blot (WB)
Immunoprecipitation has been done using Immunoprecipitation kit from Roche, Cat.No. 11 719 386 001.Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
5 l of antibody solution (IP), 1: 100 (IG), 1: 500 - 1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28.6 | 25 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Singh, Muthamilarasan, Prasad (2022). SiHSFA2e regulated expression of SisHSP21.9 maintains chloroplast proteome integrity under high temperature stress. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022;79(11):580. Published 2022 Nov 3. doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04611-10Cazzaniga et al. (2022). Engineering astaxanthin accumulation reduces photoinhibition and increases biomass productivity under high light in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod. 2022 Jul 11;15(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13068-022-02173-3. PMID: 35820961; PMCID: PMC9277849.Bru, Steen, Park, et al. (2022) The major trimeric antenna complexes serve as a site for qH-energy dissipation in plants. J Biol Chem. 2022;298(11):102519. doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102521Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photosynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. Lhcb1 is the most abundant chlorophyll a/b-binding protein in eukaryotic phototrophs and often is coded by several nuclear genes.A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467–9476
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Lhcb1 Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28 | 25 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Picea abies
Selected references:
Harchouni et al. (2022) Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation inhibits chloroplast gene expression and promotes super grana formation in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. New Phytol. 2022;236(1):86-98. doi:10.1111/nph.18320Gao Y et al. (2022) Chloroplast translational regulation uncovers nonessential photosynthesis genes as key players in plant cold acclimation. Plant Cell. 2022 Apr 26;34(5):2056-2079. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koac056. PMID: 35171295; PMCID: PMC9048916.Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Medina-Puche et al (2021). Protocol for evaluating protein relocalization from the plasma membrane to chloroplasts. STAR Protoc. 2021 Sep 14;2(4):100816. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100816. PMID: 34585156; PMCID: PMC8450296.Chen, Liu & Liu (2021) Loss-Function of EGY1 Results in Photosynthesis Damage through Reducing Stability of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis thaliana. Russ J Plant Physiol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443721060029
The light-harvesting protein Lhca1 is one of the four main and highly conserved types of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhca1-4) of the light harvesting antenna (LHCI) of plant photosystem I. Lhca1 is imported as a precursor from the cytosol into the chloroplast. Upon insertion into the thylakoid membrane Lhca1 forms a heterodimer (LHCI-730) with Lhca4 that associates with the PSI core close to PsaG and PsaF.A biochemical characterization of the plant LHCI antenna can be found in Klimmek et al. (2005) The structure of the higher plant light harvesting complex I: in vivo characterization and structural interdependence of the Lhca proteins. Biochemistry 44: 3065–3073
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca1 protein of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q01667, TAIR: At3g54890. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca1 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
25.99 | 22 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Harchouni et al. (2022) Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation inhibits chloroplast gene expression and promotes super grana formation in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. New Phytol. 2022;236(1):86-98. doi:10.1111/nph.18320Espinoza-Corral & Lundquist. (2022) The plastoglobule-localized protein AtABC1K6 is a Mn2+-dependent kinase necessary for timely transition to reproductive growth. J Biol Chem. 2022 Apr;298(4):101762. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101762. Epub 2022 Feb 22. PMID: 35202657; PMCID: PMC8956952.Sarvari et al. (2022). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native PAGE. Plant Methods. 2022 Mar 3;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00858-2. PMID: 35241118; PMCID: PMC8895881.Xiong et al. (2022) a chloroplast nucleoid protein of bacterial origin linking chloroplast transcriptional and translational machineries, is required for proper chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jun 23;50(12):6715-34. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac501. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35736138; PMCID: PMC9262611.Kumari et al. (2021) In-depth assembly of organ and development dissected Picrorhiza kurroa proteome map using mass spectrometry. BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Dec 22;21(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03394-8. PMID: 34937558; PMCID: PMC8693493.
Special application note:
Antibody format is a total IgG fraction, which means that it is a pool of polyclonal antibodies obtained by purification of serum on Protein G, not on a specific antigen column.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
The light-harvesting protein Lhca2 is one of the four main and highly conserved types of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhca1-4) of the light harvesting antenna (LHCI) of plant photosystem I. Lhca2 is imported as a precursor from the cytosol into the chloroplast. Upon integration in the thylakoid membrane Lhca2 forms a heterodimer (LHCI-680) with Lhca3 that associates with the PSI core close to PsaF and PsaK.A biochemical characterization of the plant LHCI antenna can be found in Klimmek et al. (2005) The structure of the higher plant light harvesting complex I: in vivo characterization and structural interdependence of the Lhca proteins. Biochemistry 44: 3065–3073.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arachis hypogaea, Bryopsis corticulans, Colobanthus quitensis Kunt Bartl, Chlamydomonas reinhardti (one Lhca-type), Citrus reticulata, Chromochloris zofingiensis, Cytisus cantabricus (Wilk.) Rchb. F., Hieracium pilosella L, Hordeum vulgare, Lasallia hispanica, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Pisum sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physcomitrium patens, Pinus banksiana (the higher of the two bands detected at 24 and 30 kDa is not considered to be specific to any Lhc protein), Posidonia oceanica, Prasinoderma sp., Pyramimonas sp. Spinacia oleracea, Syntrichia muralis (Hedw.) Raab, Triticum aestivum, Triticale, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Dicots, Gymnosperms
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca2 protein of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q9SYW8, Q8LCQ4, TAIR: At3g61470. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca2 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms as well as in At1g19150. This gene codes for the very low expressed Lhca6 protein which also has been denoted as Lhca2*1.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sarvari et al. (2022). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native PAGE. Plant Methods. 2022 Mar 3;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00858-2. PMID: 35241118; PMCID: PMC8895881.Fukura et al. (2021) Enrichment of chlorophyll catabolic enzymes in grana margins and their cooperation in catabolic reactions. J Plant Physiol. 2021 Nov;266:153535. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153535. Epub 2021 Sep 25. PMID: 34607178.Zhu et al. (2020). A NAC transcription factor and its interaction protein hinder abscisic acid biosynthesis by synergistically repressing NCED5 in Citrus reticulata. J Exp Bot. 2020 Jun 22;71(12):3613-3625.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa118. Their et al. (2020). VIPP2 interacts with VIPP1 and HSP22E/F at chloroplast membranes and modulates a retrograde signal for HSP22E/F gene expression. Plant Cell Environ. 2020 Jan 29. doi: 10.1111/pce.13732.Vojta and Fulgosi (2019). Topology of TROL protein in thylakoid membranes of Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiol Plant. 2019 Jan 20. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12927.
Special application note:
Antibody format is a total IgG fraction, which means that it is a pool of polyclonal antibodies obtained by purification of serum on Protein G, not on a specific antigen column.
The light-harvesting protein Lhca3 is one of the four main and highly conserved types of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhca1-4) of the light harvesting antenna (LHCI) of plant photosystem I. Lhca3 is imported as a precursor from the cytosol into the chloroplast. Upon integration in the thylakoid membrane Lhca3 forms a heterodimer (LHCI-680) with Lhca2 that associates with the PSI core close to PsaF and PsaK.A biochemical characterization of the plant LHCI antenna can be found in Klimmek et al. (2005) The structure of the higher plant light harvesting complex I: in vivo characterization and structural interdependence of the Lhca proteins. Biochemistry 44: 3065–3073.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca3 protein sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q9SY97, TAIR: At1g61520. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhcb3 proteins from angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
29 | 25 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana (due to a transit peptide being cleaved off)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sarvari et al. (2022). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native PAGE. Plant Methods. 2022 Mar 3;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00858-2. PMID: 35241118; PMCID: PMC8895881.Zhu et al. (2020). A NAC transcription factor and its interaction protein hinder abscisic acid biosynthesis by synergistically repressing NCED5 in Citrus reticulata. J Exp Bot. 2020 Jun 22;71(12):3613-3625.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa118. Chen et al. (2019). Effects of Stripe Rust Infection on the Levels of Redox Balance and Photosynthetic Capacities in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 31;21(1). pii: E268. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010268.Mao et al. (2018). Comparison on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Wheat with Different Ploidy Levels and Octoploid Triticale. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 2;19(10). pii: E3006. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103006.Li et al. (2018). Modulating plant growth-metabolism coordination for sustainable agriculture. Nature. 2018 Aug 15. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0415-5.
The light-harvesting protein Lhca4 is one of the four main and highly conserved types of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhca1-4) of the light harvesting antenna (LHCI) of plant photosystem I. Lhca4 is imported as a precursor from the cytosol into the chloroplast. Upon insertion into the thylakoid membrane Lhca4 forms a heterodimer (LHCI-730) with Lhca1 that associates with the PSI core close to PsaG and PsaF.A biochemical characterization of the plant LHCI antenna can be found in Klimmek et al. (2005) The structure of the higher plant light harvesting complex I: in vivo characterization and structural interdependence of the Lhca proteins. Biochemistry 44: 3065–3073.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca4 protein ofArabidopsis thaliana UniProt: P27521, TAIR: At3g47470. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca4 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
27.7 | 21 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sarvari et al. (2022). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native PAGE. Plant Methods. 2022 Mar 3;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00858-2. PMID: 35241118; PMCID: PMC8895881.Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Zhu et al. (2020). A NAC transcription factor and its interaction protein hinder abscisic acid biosynthesis by synergistically repressing NCED5 in Citrus reticulata. J Exp Bot. 2020 Jun 22;71(12):3613-3625.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa118. Forlani et al. (2020. HEBE, a novel positive regulator of senescence in Solanum lycopersicum. Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 3;10(1):11021.doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67937-z. Chen et al. (2019). Effects of Stripe Rust Infection on the Levels of Redox Balance and Photosynthetic Capacities in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 31;21(1). pii: E268. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010268.
Lhcb5 is one of the 3 minor highly conserved chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins associated with Photosystem II in plants and algae. As a part of the inner light-harvesting antenna it has been sugested to regulate (together with Lhcb4 and Lhcb6) the energy flow from the outer LHCII antenna to the PSII reaction center.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidosis thaliana Lhcb5 protein UniProt: Q9XF89, TAIR: AT4G10340 sequence. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhcb5 proteins from monocots, dicots and conifers but only partial conserved in Physcomitrella patens and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
30 | 25-26 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Wada et al. (2021) Identification of a Novel Mutation Exacerbated the PSI Photoinhibition in pgr5/pgrl1 Mutants; Caution for Overestimation of the Phenotypes in Arabidopsis pgr5-1 Mutant. Cells. 2021 Oct 26;10(11):2884. doi: 10.3390/cells10112884. PMID: 34831107; PMCID: PMC8616342.Jeran et al. (2021) The PUB4 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Responsible for the Variegated Phenotype Observed upon Alteration of Chloroplast Protein Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Genes (Basel). 2021 Sep 6;12(9):1387. doi: 10.3390/genes12091387. PMID: 34573369; PMCID: PMC8464772.Wojtowicz et al. (2020). Compensation Mechanism of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana ch1 Mutants. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):221. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010221. PMID: 33379339; PMCID: PMC7794896.Rogowski et al. (2019). Photosynthesis and organization of maize mesophyll and bundle sheath thylakoids of plants grown in various light intensities. Environmental and Experimental Botany Volume 162, June 2019, Pages 72-86.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Lhcb6 is one of the 3 highly conserved minor chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins exclusively associated with Photosystem II in plants and algae. Together with Lhcb4 and Lhcb5, it regulates the energy flow from the outer antenna to the reaction center through the action of the xanthophyll cycle.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Dictos, Gymnosperms, Physcomitrium patens, Pisum sativum, Selaginella martensii, Spinacia oleracea, Solanum lycopersicum, , Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana Lhcb6, UniProt: Q9LMQ2, TAIR:At1g15820. This sequence is highly conserved in angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).This antibody is a re-make of former Lhcb6 antibody from Agrisera and is made to the same peptide.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
27.5 | 24 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
W jtowicz et al. (2020). Compensation Mechanism of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana ch1 Mutants. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):221. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010221. PMID: 33379339; PMCID: PMC7794896.Chen et al. (2019). Effects of Stripe Rust Infection on the Levels of Redox Balance and Photosynthetic Capacities in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 31;21(1). pii: E268. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010268.Rogowski et al. (2019). Photosynthesis and organization of maize mesophyll and bundle sheath thylakoids of plants grown in various light intensities. Environmental and Experimental Botany Volume 162, June 2019, Pages 72-86.Mao et al. (2018). Comparison on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Defense Systems in Wheat with Different Ploidy Levels and Octoploid Triticale. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 2;19(10). pii: E3006. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103006.Du et al. (2018). Galactoglycerolipid Lipase PGD1 Is Involved in Thylakoid Membrane Remodeling in Response to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Feb;30(2):447-465. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00446.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
The outer light-harvesting antenna of the photosystems (PSI and PSII) of the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is composed of pigment-binding proteins belonging to the Lhc family highly conserved in photosynthetic eukaryotes. Some of the Lhc-subtypes of Chlamydomonas share sufficient high similarity with the respective functional homologs in plants to allow specific detection with antisera generated against conserved peptide domains from plant Lhc-proteins.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Lhcb4 - higher plants (use AS04 045 for those organsims), algae, cyanobacteria
Selected references:
Lhcb2 Du et al. (2018). Galactoglycerolipid Lipase PGD1 Is Involved in Thylakoid Membrane Remodeling in Response to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Feb;30(2):447-465. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00446. Lhcb4Jeong et al. (2017). Deletion of the chloroplast LTD protein impedes LHCI import and PSI-LHCI assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Exp Bot. 2017 Dec 30. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx457. Lhcb5 and Lhcbm5 Takahashi et al. (2006). Identification of the mobile light-harvesting complex II polypeptides for state transitions in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PNAS 103:477-482
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare, Picea abies, Picea glauca, Pinus strobus, Spinacia oleracea, Drosera capensis. These antibodies have been shown to be reactive in all dicots, monocots, and gymnosperms
Immunogen:
BSA or KLH-conjugated synthetic peptides derived from conserved regions of plant Lhca1-4 and Lhcb1-6 protein sequences.
For detection of algal LHC proteins, we recommend: Set of 4 Chlamydomonas anti-Lhc antibodies
Application Details:
This set contains the following antibodies:Product number:Product name: AS01 005AS01 006AS01 007AS01 008AS01 004AS01 003AS01 002AS04 045AS01 009AS01 010Anti-Lhca1Anti-Lhca2Anti-Lhca3Anti-Lhca4Anti-LhcbAnti-Lhcb2Anti-Lhcb3Anti-Lhcb4Anti-Lhcb5Anti-Lhcb6Product AS01 009 and AS01 010 can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.: AS01 005, AS01 006, AS01 007, AS01 008, AS01 002, AS04 045 affinity purified serum: AS01 004, AS01 003. Serum: AS01 009, AS01 010.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add sterile water according to label on each tube
Molecular Weight:
20 - 29 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Merry et al. (2017). A comparison of pine and spruce in recovery from winter stress; changes in recovery kinetics, and the abundance and phosphorylation status of photosynthetic proteins during winter. Tree Physiol. 2017 Sep 1;37(9):1239-1250. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpx065.Li et al. (2017). NYEs/SGRs-mediated chlorophyll degradation is critical for detoxification during seed maturation in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2017 Nov;92(4):650-661. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13710. Epub 2017 Oct 20.Yoshida et al. (2016). Hisabori T1.Two distinct redox cascades cooperatively regulate chloroplast functions and sustain plant viability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 5;113(27):E3967-76. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1604101113. Epub 2016 Jun 22.Pavlovič et al. (2016). A carnivorous sundew plant prefers protein over chitin as a source of nitrogen from its traps. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2016 Mar 5;104:11-16. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.008Xu et al. (2011). Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins are required for stomatal response to abscisic acid in Arabidopsis. J. Ex. Bot. Dec 5 (ahead of print).Kang et al. (2010). Evaluation of light-harvesting complex proteins as senescence-related protein markers in detached rice leaves. Photosynthetica 47, 4:638-640.
The PsbA (D1) protein of Photosystem II is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Disruption of PsbA cycling or losses of PsbA pools are central to photoinhibition of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, algae and plants under a wide range of conditions including excess light, low temperature and UV exposure. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Conifers, Cryptomonads, Legumes, Stramenopiles, Euglenoids, Prochlorophytes, XantophytesSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions.In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.This antibody will also detect the phosphorylated form of D1as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.
Application Details:
1 :4000-1 : 8000, 5 g of total protein, (WB)
Purity:
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Vitale et al.(2022) Manipulation of light quality is an effective tool to regulate photosynthetic capacity and fruit antioxidant properties of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Microtom' in a controlled environment. PeerJ. 2022;10:e13677. Published 2022 Jul 1. doi:10.7717/peerj.13677Toubiana et al. (2020). Correlation-based Network Analysis Combined With Machine Learning Techniques Highlight the Role of the GABA Shunt in Brachypodium Sylvaticum Freezing Tolerance. Sci Rep , 10 (1), 4489Sicora et al. (2019). Regulation of PSII function in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 during a light-dark cycle. Photosynth Res. 2019 Mar;139(1-3):461-473. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0598-5,Sevilla et al. (2019). Regulation by FurC in Anabaena links the oxidative stress response to photosynthetic metabolism. Plant Cell Physiol. 2019 May 21. pii: pcz094. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcz094.Figlioli et al. (2019). Overall plant responses to Cd and Pb metal stress in maize: Growth pattern, ultrastructure, and photosynthetic activity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(2):1781-1790. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3743-y.
Special application note:
A number of degradation products may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands. Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.Example of a simulataneous western blot detection with RbcL, PsbA and PsaC antibodies.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples.This is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 95 l of sterile milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.25 pmoles/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a PsbA signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems.Non-disulphie dependent dimers and complexes can be also detected using standard western blot methods with more sensitive detection reagents as ECL Advance or West Pico when loading per well more standard than recommended. They have not been included in the standard calibration.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 95 l of sterile water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
The standard has an actual MW of 41,5 kDa, The presence of a His6 tag causes it to run ~1,7 kDa higher on the gel than the native protein, Note that in most systems, PsbA migrates with an apparent MW of between 30 and 35 kDa,
Selected references:
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Fern ndez-Gonz lez et al. (2020). Effects of Temperature and Nutrient Supply on Resource Allocation, Photosynthetic Strategy, and Metabolic Rates of Synechococcus Sp . J Phycol . 2020 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/jpy.12983. Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Ryan-Keogh et al. (2018). Seasonal regulation of the coupling between photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation in the Southern Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography.Yuan et al. (2018). Combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on physiological response of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to light challenges. Mar Environ Res. 2018 Apr;135:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.01.016.
Special application note:
The PsbA protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-PsbA antibodies to quantitate PsbA from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the PsbA protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorialThe goals when doing quantitative work:The sample PsbA must fall somewhere between the upper and lower standard loads. There should be at least 3 points on the standard curve.if possible, try to make the entire range of the curve around one order of magnitude or less (as in the application example).if possible, load <5 g total sample protein.1pmol of PsbA standard is a strong load for chemiluminescence, but may be appropriate for the less sensitive reagents, for example alkaline phosphatase.
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthesis. It is one of the most abundant proteins on Earth and its homology has been demonstrated from purple bacteria to flowering plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from all known plant,algal and cyanobacterial RbcL (Rubisco large subunit of Rubisco Form I) sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: O03042, TAIR: AtCg00490, Synechococcus sp. Q3ALL1
Applications:
Immunogluorescence (IF), Immunolocalization (IL), ImmunoGold (IG), Western blot (WB)
This antibody detects RbcL protein from 102.6 fmoles and has been used as a control to ensure adequate permeabilization and fixation of toxic cyanobacterial cells in immunolabeling experiments (method based on: Orellana & Perry (1995) J Phycol 31: 785-794).Antibody has been used in immunolabelling of intact cyanobacterial cells fixed with ethanol using a secondary anti-IgY antibody conjugated with a fluorochrome.For Rubisco quantification using quantitative western blot technique, anti-RbcL antibody, (AS03 037) combined with Rubisco ready to use standard (AS01 017) is recommended.
Application Details:
(IL) tested on a grass species, formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue following the protocol from Gonzalez et al, (1998) Plant Physiol, V, 116, 1 : 10 000-1 : 20 000, 2 g of total cellular protein, (WB)
Purity:
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Guljamow et al. (2021) Diel Variations of Extracellular Microcystin Influence the Subcellular Dynamics of RubisCO in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806. Microorganisms. 2021 Jun 10;9(6):1265. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061265. PMID: 34200971; PMCID: PMC8230624. (IF)Morin et al. (2019). Morin et al. (2019). Response of the sea-ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus to simulated polar night darkness and return to light. Limnology and Oceanography. 9999, 2019, 1–20. (sea-ice diatom)Lv et al. (2019). Uncoupled Expression of Nuclear and Plastid Photosynthesis-Associated Genes Contributes to Cell Death in a Lesion Mimic Mutant. Plant Cell. 2019 Jan;31(1):210-230. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00813.Gell rt et al. (2018). A single point mutation on the cucumber mosaic virus surface induces an unexpected and strong interaction with the F1 complex of the ATP synthase in Nicotiana clevelandii plants. Virus Res. 2018 Jun 2;251:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.005.Robert et al. (2015). Leaf proteome rebalancing in Nicotiana benthamiana for upstream enrichment of a transiently expressed recombinant protein. Plant Biotechnol J. 2015 Aug 19. doi: 10.1111/pbi.12452.
Special application note:
Peptide target used to elicit this antibody is not conserved in type II Rubisco found in dinoflagellates and some photosynthetic bacteria
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthesis. It is one of the most abundant proteins on Earth and its homology has been demonstrated from purple bacteria to flowering plants.Source of Rubisco standard: Rubisco protein was purified directly from a plant tissue - spinach.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after re-constitution with sterile milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.15 pmoles/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50 mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.Please, use the 55 kDa size of RbcL for calculations. The pmoles in the standard refer to pmoles of rbcL monomers.Why can I not see the standard band using Coomasie stain? The reason that you do not see Rubisco standard on a gel is, that you have probably used it in concentration which is recommended for western blot detection, and it is too low to allow to see this protein using Coomasie stain. In such a case, you should load more Rubisco standard on a gel and stain it with more sensitive Coomasie stain or with silver. You can not use such a gel for western blot, as using higher concentration of this standard will not work for quantitation using western blot technique.
Application Details:
Standard curve: three protein standard loads are recommended.For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll/well will give a RbcL signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. Higher standard concentration needs to be used to allow detection by Coomasie stains. Such gels with higher standard concentration can not be used for quantitation using chemiluminescence.This standard is stabilized does not require heating before loading on the gel or addition of any buffer.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of sterile water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
52.7 kDa
Selected references:
Capo-Bauca et al. (2023). Carbon assimilation in upper subtidal macroalgae is determined by an inverse correlation between Rubisco carboxylation efficiency and CO2 concentrating mechanism effectiveness. New Phytol. 2023;237(6):2027-2038. doi:10.1111/nph.18624Capo-Bauca et al. (2022) Correlative adaptation between Rubisco and CO2-concentrating mechanisms in seagrasses. Nat Plants. 2022 Jun;8(6):706-716. doi: 10.1038/s41477-022-01171-5. Epub 2022 Jun 20. Erratum in: Nat Plants. 2022 Jun 29;: PMID: 35729266.Perera-Castro et al (2022). Limitations to photosynthesis in bryophytes: certainties and uncertainties regarding methodology. J Exp Bot. 2022;73(13):4592-4604. doi:10.1093/jxb/erac189Poor et al. (2018). Comparison of changes in water status and photosynthetic parameters in wild type and abscisic acid-deficient sitiens mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rheinlands Ruhm) exposed to sublethal and lethal salt stress. J Plant Physiol. 2018 Dec 8;232:130-140. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.11.015.Dai et al. (2018). Visualizing Individual RuBisCO and its Assembly into Carboxysomes in Marine Cyanobacteria by Cryo-Electron Tomography. J Mol Biol. 2018 Aug 20. pii: S0022-2836(18)30411-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.08.013.
Special application note:
The RbcL protein standard can be used in a combination with Agrisera global antibiodies (AS01 017 from chicken or AS03 037 from a rabbit) to quantitate RbcL from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequence. This standard is also included in following kits: Educational antibody kit - photosynthesis, Photosynthesis Tool Kit - quantitation, Rubico quantitation kit,Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Glutamine synthetase (EC=6.3.1.2) is the key enzyme in the incorporation of mineral nitrogen into glutamine. Activity of this enzyme is controlled by adenylarion under conditions of abundant glutamine.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
53 kDa
Not reactive in:
Diatoms, eukaryotic GlnA
Selected references:
Schmier and Shuman (2018). Deinococcus radiodurans HD-Pnk, a Nucleic Acid End-Healing Enzyme, Abets Resistance to Killing by Ionizing Radiation and Mitomycin C. J Bacteriol. 2018 Aug 10;200(17). pii: e00151-18. doi: 10.1128/JB.00151-18.Brown et al. (2008). Flux capacities and acclimation costs in Trichodesmium from the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biol. 154:413-422.Burns et al. (2006). Inorganic carbon repletion constrains steady-state light acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. J. Phycol. 42:610-621.
Special application note:
Peptide target used to elicit this antibody has a weak, sporadic conservation with Glutamine Synthetase to III, antibody not expected to detect this enzyme, Weak conservation with some Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (Glutamine--tRNA ligase) (GLNRS), but this antibody is not expected to detect this enzyme
Nitrogenase is involved in biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Alternative protein names: nitrogenase component II, nitrogenase Fe protein, nitrogenase reductase, FeMoCo-nitrogenase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1.28 mg/ml
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Azotobacter vinelandii (Gram-), Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Cyanobacteria, Cyanothece ATCC51142, Desulfotomaculum reducens (strain MI-1),Clostridium cellobioparum, Enterobacter , genera, euryachaeotes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Magnetococcus sp., Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Methanococcus maripaludis, Methylobacterium sp., Mesoorhizobium loti, Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 strain, alpha,gamma,beta proteobacteria, enterobacteria, low GC gram+, high GC gram +, able to fix atmoshperic nitrogen, Rhizobium melilotiSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from known bacterial NifH subunits of bacterial nitrogenase enzymes of the FeMoCo type including Synechoccocus sp. Q2JP78 , Trichodesmium theibautii, Anabaena sp. P33178 and Nostoc sp. Q51296
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
An enzyme involved in chlorophyll synthesis, present in all cyanobacteria (fixing and non-nitrogen fixing) is a member of the NifH family/superfamily. Agrisera anti-NifH antibody will not show a strong reactivity to this target.In photobionts like Anabaena sp., low nitrate growth is required to turn on the NifH expression to high enough levels to detect NifH protein. Immunofluorescence protocol Insect dissected tissues (digestive tract, fat body, carrying NifH positive bacteria) of large workers were fixed in cold methanol (20 min, -20 °C) and then permeabilized in cold acetone (5 min, -20 °C). Samples were subsequently rinsed three times with PBS with 0.1 % Triton-X 100 at RT (PBST) and incubated for 5 minutes in PBST. This was followed by incubation of tissues for 1 hr with 6 ug/ml affinity purified anti-NifH antibody (Agrisera, AS01 021A) diluted in PBS-TBSA (PBS, 0.1 % v/v Triton-X-100, 1 mg/ml BSA) and 3 washings with PBST. Samples were then incubated in the dark with a goat anti-chicken IgY conjugated to Dylight 488 (Pierce, SA5-10070) for 45 min and were washed twice (PBS, 0.1%v/v Triton-X-100). Finally, the tissues were mounted in Vectashield medium containing DAPI (Vector Laboratories, H-1500) and viewed under a SP5 Leica confocal microscope with 10X and 63X objectives. Courtesy of Drs. Panagiotis Sapountzis and Mariya Zhukova, University of Copenhagen, Danmark
Application Details:
1 : 500 (IHC), 6 g/ml (IF), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified IgY in PBS pH 8 and 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
27 | 32.5 kDa
Not reactive in:
Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 as NifH protein is not present in those cyanobacterial species, Frankia sp.
Selected references:
Santana-Sanchez, et al. (2023) Flv3A facilitates O2 photoreduction and affects H2 photoproduction independently of Flv1A in diazotrophic Anabaena filaments. New Phytol. 2023;237(1):126-139. doi:10.1111/nph.18506Chen et al. (2022) Exogenous hydrogen sulphide alleviates nodule senescence in Glycine max-Sinorhizobium fredii symbiotic system, Preprint from Research Square, 22 Jul 2022, DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1752770/v1Li et al. (2022), The effects of Ni availability on H2 production and N2 fixation in a model unicellular diazotroph: The expression of hydrogenase and nitrogenase. Limnol Oceanogr, 67: 1566-1576. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12151He et al. (2021) Vegetative cells may perform nitrogen fixation function under nitrogen deprivation in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 based on genome-wide differential expression analysis. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 4;16(3):e0248155. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248155. PMID: 33662009; PMCID: PMC7932525. (Immunolocalization)Liu et al. (2020). A VIT-like transporter facilitates iron transport into nodule symbiosomes for nitrogen fixation in soybean. New Phytol . 2020 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/nph.16506.
Nitrogenase is involved in biological fixation of nitrogen to assimilable ammonia.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Nostoc/Anabaena 7120.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Concentration: after adding 90 l of milliQ water final concentration of this standard is 0.15 pmoles/ul and this reagent is ready to use and load on a gel.Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4 μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a NifH signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of sterile water. Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized.
Molecular Weight:
34 kDa (larger than a native protein due to the addition of His-tag)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Levitan et a. (2010). Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in the marine diazotroph Trichodesmium IMS101 under varying temperatures and atmospheric CO concentrations. Environ. Microbiol (Epub ahead of print)
Special application note:
The NifH protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-NifH antibodies to quantitate NifH protein from a wide range of cyanobacterial species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved 15 amino acid sequence found in NifH proteins.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 23,3 g/ l
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C.; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Immunolocalization (IL), Immunogold (IG), Western blot (WB)
Neusius et al. (2022) Lysine acetylation regulates moonlighting activity of the E2 subunit of the chloroplast pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in Chlamydomonas. Plant J. 2022 Sep;111(6):1780-1800. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15924. Epub 2022 Aug 8. PMID: 35899410.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Nelson et al. (2019). Protein lysine methylation contributes to modulating the response of sensitive and tolerant Arabidopsis species to cadmium stress. doi: 10.1111/pce.13692.Gellert et al. (2018). A single point mutation on the cucumber mosaic virus surface induces an unexpected and strong interaction with the F1 complex of the ATP synthase in Nicotiana clevelandii plants. Virus Res. 2018 Jun 2;251:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.005. (immunogold)Quesada et al. (2011). Arabidopsis RUGOSA2 encodes an mTERF family member required for mitochondrion, chloroplast and leaf development. Plant J. Nov;68(4):738-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04726.x. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 ATP synthase and most known bacterial F-type ATP synthases, Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that stnthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis strain PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized, in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 90 l of dest. water final concentration of the standard is 0.27 pmol/ l.Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2μg of chlorophyll will give a AtpB signal in this range.Positive control: load per well: a 2μl load is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of milliQ water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
in most gel systems AtpB migrates around 50-54 kDa
Selected references:
Fraser et al. (2013). Photophysiological and Photosynthetic Complex Changes during Iron Starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. PLOS ONE.
Special application note:
The AtpB protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-AtpB antibodies to quantitate AtpB from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the AtpB protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
The 22 kDa PsbS protein of photosystem II functions in the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting. Along with a low thylakoid lumen pH and the presence of de-epoxidized xanthophylls, PsbS is necessary for photoprotective thermal dissipation of excess absorbed light energy in plants, measured as non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available di and monocot PsbS sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g44575). This sequence is even conserved in conifers.
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
28 | 22 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella sp.
Selected references:
Hubbart et al. (2012). The photoprotective protein PsbS exerts control over CO2 assimilation rate in fluctuating light in rice. The Plant J. March 2012.
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera , Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
Peptide used to elicit anti-SPS antibodies is perfectly conserved in all isoforms of SPS in plants
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 25 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
120 | 120-130 kDa (fragments of 30-90 kDa may be detected)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Bilska-Kos et al. (2020). Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SUS) and their products in the leaves of Miscanthus giganteus and Zea mays at low temperature. Planta . 2020 Jul 16;252(2):23. doi: 10.1007/s00425-020-03421-2. Chen et al. (2018). TIC236 links the outer and inner membrane translocons of the chloroplast. Nature. 2018 Dec;564(7734):125-129. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0713-y.Zhang et al. (2014). Heterologous expression of AtPAP2 in transgenic potato influences carbon metabolism and tuber development. FEBS Lett. 2014 Aug 27. pii: S0014-5793(14)00621-8. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.019.
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
Early light-induced proteins (ELIPs) are light stress-induced proteins related to the chlorophyll a/b binding protein family from higher plants and green algae located in the thylakoid membranes and involved in photosynthesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
Short peptide chosen from a sequence of early light-induced protein 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana AAD28779.1
Western blot images are presented in respective publications
Application Details:
1 : 500 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
21 kDa
Not reactive in:
Other plant species than Arabidopsis thaliana
Selected references:
Yao et al. (2015). Ultraviolet-B protection of ascorbate and tocopherol in plants related with their function on the stability on carotenoid and phenylpropanoid compounds. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Volume 90, May 2015, Pages 23–31.Andersson et al. (2003). Light stress-induced one-helix protein of the chlorophyll a/b-binding family associated with photosystem I. Plant Physiol. 132:811-820.Heddad & Adamska (2000). Light stress-regulated two-helix proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana related to the chlorophyll a/b-binding gene family. PNAS 97:3741-3746.
Special application note:
To obtain a signal with this antibody plants have to be exposed to a fluorescent light source HQI-E bulb 400W/D, above 800 mE,
This antibody is especially suitable for quantifying of Rubisco in plant and algal samples. Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Alpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red) including Galdieria sulphuraria, Dicots, Benincasa hispida, Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi; Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Manihot esculenta, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp., Picochlorum sp., Zosteria marinaFor detection in Rhodospirillaceae use product AS15 2955Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and cyanobacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including, Arabidopsis thaliana O03042, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
Applications:
Immunofluorescence/confocal Immunolocalization (IL) (IF), Immunogold (IG), Tissue Printing (TP), Western blot (WB)
This antibody was used in:Immunocytochemical staining of diatoms according to Schmid (2003) J Phycol 39: 139-153 and Wordemann et al. (1986) J Cell Biol 102: 1688-1698.Immunofluorescence Dreier et al. (2012). FEMS Microbial Ecol., March 2012.Western blot and tissue printing during a student course Ma et al. (2009).As a loading control Sun et al. (2020).Protocol for Rubisco quantification using this antibody can be found here.
Application Details:
Immunofluorescence/confocal microscopy (IF), 1: 1000 (IG), 1: 250 for images see Prins et al. (2008), detailed protocol available on request, 1: 800 (TP), 1: 5000 - 10 000 (WB)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Chen et al. (2023) Producing fast and active Rubisco in tobacco to enhance photosynthesis. Plant Cell. 2023;35(2):795-807. doi:10.1093/plcell/koac348Garcia et al. (2023) Effects of RuBisCO and CO2 concentration on cyanobacterial growth and carbon isotope fractionation [published online ahead of print, 2023 Jan 5]. Geobiology. 2023;10.1111/gbi.12543. doi:10.1111/gbi.12543Minagawa, Dann. (2023) Extracellular CahB1 from Sodaline magerasimenkoae IPPAS B-353 Acts as a Functional Carboxysomal beta-Carbonic Anhydrase in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Plants (Basel). 2023;12(2):265. Published 2023 Jan 6. doi:10.3390/plants12020265Vidal-Meireles, et al. (2023)The lifetime of the oxygen-evolving complex subunit PSBO depends on light intensity and carbon availability in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell Environ. 2023;46(2):422-439. doi:10.1111/pce.14488Capo-Bauca et al. (2023). Carbon assimilation in upper subtidal macroalgae is determined by an inverse correlation between Rubisco carboxylation efficiency and CO2 concentrating mechanism effectiveness. New Phytol. 2023;237(6):2027-2038. doi:10.1111/nph.18623
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31.25 fmoles. As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants. This antibody together with Agrisera Rubisco protein standard is very suitable to quantify Rubisco in plant and algal samples.Example of a simulataneous western blot detection with RbcL, PsbA and PsaC antibodies. This antibody is not suitable for use in immunoprecipiation. This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
This antibody is especially suitable for quantifying of Rubisco in plant and algal samples. Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Aalpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red), Dicots, Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, WelwitschiaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and (cyano)bacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including Arabidopsis thaliana O03042, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Cui, Liu, Li, et al. (2022) The cellulose--lignin balance affects the twisted growth of Yunnan pine trunk. Authorea. October 10, 2022. DOI: 10.22541/au.166538021.18232197/v4He, Buren, Baysal, et al. (2022) Nitrogenase Cofactor Maturase NifB Isolated from Transgenic Rice is Active in FeMo-co Synthesis. ACS Synth Biol. 2022;11(9):3028-3036. doi:10.1021/acssynbio.2c00194Li et al. (2021). Physiological responses of Skeletonema costatum to the interactions of seawater acidification and the combination of photoperiod and temperature. Biogeosciences, 18, 1439-1449, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1439-2021Lal et al. (2018). The Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinase BIK1 Localizes to the Nucleus and Regulates Defense Hormone Expression during Plant Innate Immunity. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Apr 11;23(4):485-497.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.03.010.Korotaeva et al. (2018). Effect of Heat Hardening on Expression of Genes phb3 and phb4 and Accumulation of Phb Proteins in Green Leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 65(5), 688-696, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443718040039
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31.25 fmoles. As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants. This antibody together with Agrisera Rubisco protein standard is very suitable to quantify Rubisco in plant and algal samples.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Aalpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red), Dicots, Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and (cyano)bacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including Arabidopsis thaliana AtCg00490, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants, This antibody together with Agrisera Rubisco protein standard is very suitable to quantify Rubisco in plant and algal samples
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Aalpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red), Dicots, Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and (cyano)bacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including Arabidopsis thaliana AtCg00490, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants, This antibody together with Agrisera Rubisco protein standard is very suitable to quantify Rubisco in plant and algal samples
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms, It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies, In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Alpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red) including Galdieria sulphuraria, Dicots, Benincasa hispida, Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi; Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Manihot esculenta, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp., Picochlorum sp., Zosteria marinaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and cyanobacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including, Arabidopsis thaliana O03042, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants, DyLight 488 has Amax = 493 nm, Emax = 518 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Alpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red) including Galdieria sulphuraria, Dicots, Benincasa hispida, Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi; Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Manihot esculenta, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp., Picochlorum sp., Zosteria marinaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and cyanobacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including, Arabidopsis thaliana O03042, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known,
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants.DyLight 594 has Amax = 593 nm, Emax = 618 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Alpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red) including Galdieria sulphuraria, Dicots, Benincasa hispida, Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi; Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Manihot esculenta, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp., Picochlorum sp., Zosteria marinaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and cyanobacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including, Arabidopsis thaliana O03042, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known,
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants. DyLight 650 has Amax = 652 nm, Emax = 672 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. It is demonstrably homologous from purple bacteria to flowering plants and consists of two protein subunits, each present in 8 copies. In plants and green algae, the large subunit (~55 kDa) is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the small subunit (15 kDa) is coded by a family of nuclear rbcS genes.This antibody is directly conjugated to HRP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Aalpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red), Dicots, Beta-proteobacteria, Conifers, Cryptomonads, Cyanobacteria (prochlorophytes), Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Monocots, Mosses, Suaeda glauca, Welwitschia; Nannochloropsis sp.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known plant, algal and (cyano)bacterial RbcL protein sequences (form I L8S8 and form II L2), including Arabidopsis thaliana AtCg00490, Hordeum vulgare P05698, Oryza sativa P0C510, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P00877, Synechococcus PCC 7920 A5CKC5
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Anti-RbcL can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] of plastid stroma (cytoplasm in cyanobacteria) and detects RbcL protein from 31,25 fmoles, As both forms (I and II) are detected it is suitable for work with samples from Dinoflagellates, Haptophytes and Ochrophytes (diatoms, Raphidophytes, brown algae) as well as higher plants, This antibody together with Agrisera Rubisco protein standard is very suitable to quantify Rubisco in plant and algal samples
PsbB (CP47) is a chlorophyll-binding protein located in the membrane, where it serves as the core antenna of Photosystem II.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requestedin bis-tris gel systems PsbB protein migrates between 40-45 kDa
Application Details:
1: 10 000 (CN-PAGE), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
56 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Vidal-Meireles, et al. (2023)The lifetime of the oxygen-evolving complex subunit PSBO depends on light intensity and carbon availability in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell Environ. 2023;46(2):422-439. doi:10.1111/pce.14483Miernicka et al. (2022) The Adjustment Strategy of Venus Flytrap Photosynthetic Apparatus to UV-A Radiation. Cells. 2022;11(19):3030. Published 2022 Sep 27. doi:10.3390/cells11193032Konert et al (2022). High-light-inducible proteins HliA and HliB: pigment binding and protein-protein interactions. Photosynth Res. 2022 Jun;152(3):317-332. doi: 10.1007/s11120-022-00904-z. Epub 2022 Feb 26. PMID: 35218444.Guardini et al. (2022). Loss of a single chlorophyll in CP29 triggers re-organization of the Photosystem II supramolecular assembly. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2022 Jun 1;1863(5):148555. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148555. Epub 2022 Apr 2. PMID: 35378087.Xiong et al. (2022) a chloroplast nucleoid protein of bacterial origin linking chloroplast transcriptional and translational machineries, is required for proper chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jun 23;50(12):6715-34. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac501. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35736138; PMCID: PMC9262611.
Special application note:
This antibody can be used as a loading control for studies of PSIi or photosynthetic acclimation in diatoms Blommaert et al. 2017. Limnol. Oceanogr. DOI: 10.1002/lno.10511.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
PsaC is a conserved, chloroplast-encoded, Fe-S binding protein of approximately 10kDa, present in all known Photosystem I complexes. It is located on the stromal side of the thylacoid membranes. PsaC coordinates the Fe–S clusters FA and FB through two cysteine-rich domains.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis PCC 6803.The PsaC protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-PsaC antibodies to quantitate PsaC from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the PsaC protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Protein standard buffer composition: Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.
Application Details:
Positive control: a 2 μL load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (eg. 0.5, 2 and 4μL). For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a PsaC signal in this range. Exact loads can vary with the sensitivity of your system and the abundance of the target protein in your samples. Note: Optimal quantitation is achieved using moderate sample loads/well, generally 1 to 5 ug total protein. A trial experiment may be required i) to bring your sample load within the standard curve range and ii) to obtain a signal that is strong enough to reliably quantify but not so strong as to consume ECL reagents too quickly or saturate your detection system. These goals may achieved by adjusting both sample and standard loads.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 95 l of sterile water. Note that due to glycerol in buffer, the lyophilized product appears as a dense liquid rather than a powder. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffer contains detergent. Upon reconstitution, this standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. See additional Handling Instructions below. PsaC standard protein concentration: 0.10 pmol/ l.
Molecular Weight:
11,5 kDa (larger than native protein due to the addition of His-tag), In most gels PsaC migrates between 9 and 14 kDa
Selected references:
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Rogowski et al. (2021) Light as a substrate: migration of LHCII antennas in extended Michaelis-Menten model for PSI kinetics. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Dec;225:112336. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112336. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34736069.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Li et al. (2016). A Hard Day's Night: Diatoms Continue Recycling Photosystem II in the Dark. Front. Mar. Sci., 08 November 2016 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00218Vandenhecke et al. (2015). Changes in the Rubisco to photosystem ratio dominates photoacclimation across phytoplankton taxa. Photosynth Res. 2015 Apr 11.
Special application note:
Handling Instructions*IMPORTANT: In our experience, viscous liquids are surprisingly stable; insufficient mixing is the most common reason for unsatisfactory results. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.Standard needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed before each use. Proteins tend to stratify with the more dense layer after freezing. We recommend bringing the product to room temperature and either mixing by inverting or flicking tube 5-10 times. Pipetting up and down may also provide sufficient mixing, provided the tip is moved within the tube while taking up and expelling the liquid.
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase (FBPase) (EC=3.1.311) is one of the regulatory enzymes in the sucrose biosynthetic pathway. In non-photosynthetic tissues, it regulates the rate of gluconeogenesis. In photosynthetic tissues, two FBPase isozymes (chloroplastic and cytosolic) play key roles in carbon assimilation and metabolism. In photosynthetic tissues cFBPase (cytosolic fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase) converts triose phosphates from the chloroplast to sucrose during light hours. Alternative name: D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Capsella rubella, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum, Spinacia oleracea, Populus trichocarpa, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Overexpressed cytosolic fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase (cFBPase) derived from the sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana cFBPase UniProt: Q9MA79, TAIR: AT1G43670
This antibody does not react with chloroplastic form of FBPase.Will this antibody be good as a cytosolic (non-microsomal control) in Arabidopsis thaliana roots? Although it has never been tested there is every likelihood that cFBPase will be expressed at reasonable levels even in roots. Even though the biosynthetic flux through to Sucrose may not be high as in mesophyll cells, central metabolism will still be active in young roots and the Sucrose etc being supplied externally still needs to be utilised.
Application Details:
1: 500 (IL), 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
45 | 37 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Selected references:
Singh, Muthamilarasan, Prasad (2022). SiHSFA2e regulated expression of SisHSP21.9 maintains chloroplast proteome integrity under high temperature stress. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022;79(11):580. Published 2022 Nov 3. doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04611-12Cui, Liu, Li, et al. (2022) The cellulose--lignin balance affects the twisted growth of Yunnan pine trunk. Authorea. October 10, 2022. DOI: 10.22541/au.166538021.18232197/v2Wang et al. (2022), Arabidopsis Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes UBC4, UBC5, and UBC6 Have Major Functions in Sugar Metabolism and Leaf Senescence, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(19), 11143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911143He, Gao, Luo, et al. (2022) VAMP724 and VAMP726 are involved in autophagosome formation in Arabidopsis thaliana [published online ahead of print, 2022 Oct 13]. Autophagy. 2022;1-18. doi:10.1080/15548627.2022.2127240Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.
Special application note:
Kinetic and allosteric properties of the plant cytosolic FBPase are remarkably similar to the mammalian and yeast FBPase, but differ greatly from those of the chloroplastic FBPase. The antibody could detect FBPase from the human COS-7 cell line transfected with FBP1 expressing vector.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Lhcb4 (CP29) is one of the 3 minor chlrorophyll a/b-binding proteins associated with Photosystem II in plants and algae. Lhcb4 has been suggested to act in the regulation of the chl a excited state concentration of PSII because of its ability of sensing lumenal pH resulting in reversible phosphorylation. In Arabidopsis thaliana 2 genes code for two isoforms Lhcb4.1 and Lhcb4.2. A third isoform (Lhcb4.3, At2g40100), probably only present in dicots, has found to be differently regulated and therefore has been denoted as Lhcb8.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Catalpa bungei, Cucumis sativus, Populus, gymnosperms and microalgae Ostrecococcus tauri; the target sequence is only weakly conserved in Physcomitrium patensSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a highly conserved sequence of Lhb4 proteins from angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms, including Arabidopsis thaliana (Lhcb4.1 At5g01530 and Lhcb4.2 At3g08940 and Lhcb4.3 At2G40100).
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (please use AS06 117 for this organism)
Selected references:
Cazzaniga et al. (2022). Engineering astaxanthin accumulation reduces photoinhibition and increases biomass productivity under high light in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod. 2022 Jul 11;15(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13068-022-02173-3. PMID: 35820961; PMCID: PMC9277849.Bru, Steen, Park, et al. (2022) The major trimeric antenna complexes serve as a site for qH-energy dissipation in plants. J Biol Chem. 2022;298(11):102519. doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102523Pavlovic & Kocab. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes: what is it good for? Ann Bot. 2021 Dec 18:mcab151. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34922341.Fukura et al. (2021) Enrichment of chlorophyll catabolic enzymes in grana margins and their cooperation in catabolic reactions. J Plant Physiol. 2021 Nov;266:153535. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153535. Epub 2021 Sep 25. PMID: 34607178.Chen et al. (2021)Degradation of the photosystem II core complex is independent of chlorophyll degradation mediated by Stay-Green Mg2+ dechelatase in Arabidopsis,Plant Science,Volume 307,2021,110902,ISSN 0168-9452,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110902.
Special application note:
An overview about the different Lhc-protein types in plants can be found in Klimmek et al. (2006) Abundantly and rarely expressed Lhc protein genes exhibit distinct regulation patterns in plants. Plant Physiol 140: 793-804.Lhcb4 protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
PsaE is a nucleus encoded subunit of the Photosystem I reaction center. It is located on the stroma side and interacts with PsaF. PsaE may be involved in Fd reduction. Alternative name: Photosystem I 10.8 kDa polypeptide
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa
Expected Species:
Catalpa bungei, Nicotiana sylvestris, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
10 kDa PSI-E protein purified from barley thylakoids corresponding to PSI-E protein of Horderum vulgare, UniProt: P13194
Yoshida et al. (2016). Hisabori T1.Two distinct redox cascades cooperatively regulate chloroplast functions and sustain plant viability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 5;113(27):E3967-76. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1604101113. Epub 2016 Jun 22.Ye et al. (2012). A Mutation of OSOTP 51 Leads to Impairment of Photosystem I Complex Assembly and Serious Photo-damage in Rice. J Integr Plant Biol. Feb 2012.Yadavalli et al. (2012). Differential degradation of photosystem I subunits under iron deficiency in rice. J Plant Physiol. March 22.
PsaK is a subunit of photosystem I. It has a role in organizing the peripheral light-harvesting complexes on the core antenna of photosystem I. Alternative names: photosystem I subunit X, PSI-K
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Bock (2012). The plastid genome-encodedYcf4 protein functions as a non-essential assembly factor for photosystem I in higher plants. Plant Physiol. ahead of print.
PsaO - photosystem I subunit O. The mature PsaO is a 10-kDa protein with two transmembrane helices. It has no counterpart in Photosystem I of cyanobacteria but seems to be present in higher plants, in mosses, and in green algae.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Spinacia oleracea
Immunogen:
fusion protein between DHFR and the mature part of PSI-O of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q949Q5TAIR: At1g08380
Jensen et al. (2004) The PSI-O subunit of plant photosystem I is involved in balancing the excitation pressure between the two photosystems. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 24212-24217.
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit, Secondary antibody: Goat,
Species Reactivity:
Algae, Cyanobacteria, Higher plants
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated syntetic peptides for respective antibodies, see product info sheets
50 µl of respective antibody, 100 µl of each protein standard, 2 x 10 µl of secondary antibody, 10 ml of ECL reagent,
Estimation of PSI to PSII ratio can be done using quantitative western blot technique using anti-PsaC (PSI) and PsbA (PSII) antibodies. References: Brown et al. (2007). Resource dynamics during infection of Micromonas pusilla by virus MpV-SP1. Environmental Microbiology 9(11): 2720-2727. Brown et al. (2008). Flux capacities and acclimation costs in Trichodesmium from the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biology 154 (3): 413-422.
Selected references:
Abramson (2018). CARBON PARTITIONING IN ENGINEERED CYANOBACTERI UM FOR THE STUDY OF FEEDBACK INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Michigan State University, ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2018. 10826228.Morash et al. (2007) Macromolecular dynamics of the photosynthetic system over a seasonal developmental progression in Spartina alterniflora. Can J. of Bot. 85: 476-483(8)Bouchard et al. (2006) UVB effects on the photosystem II-D1 protein of phytoplankton and natural phytoplankton communities. Photochem and Photobiol 82: 936-951.MacKenzie et al (2005). Large reallocations of carbon, nitrogen and photosynthetic reductant among phycobilisomes, photosystems and Rubisco during light acclimation in Synechococcus elongatus are constrained in cells under low environmental inorganic carbon. Arch of Microbiol. 183: 190 - 202.
Special application note:
Product information - Primary antibodies:Product number:Product name:Reconstitution: Recommended dilution:AS03 037Rabbit Anti-RbcL Global antibodyFor reconstitution see lable on respective tube.1:5000-10 000 with ECLAS10 939Rabbit Anti-PsaC Global antibodyFor reconstitution see lable on respective tube.1:1000 with ECLAS05 084Rabbit Anti-PsbAGlobal antibodyFor reconstitution see lable on respective tube.1:10 000 with ECL* All primary antibodies in this kit are raised in rabbits.Product information - Protein standards:Product number:Product name:Concentration:Size:Western Blot – Positive Control:AS01 016SPsbA *0.25 pmol/ μl41.5 kDa#To generate a standard curve, 3 loads are suggested (0.5, 2 and 4 ul). For most applications a sample load of 0.2 ug of chlorophyll will give a PsbA signal in this range.A 2 ul load is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems to use as a positive control.AS01 017SRbcL *0.15 pmol/ μl52.7 kDaTo generate a standard curve, 3 loads are suggested (0.5, 2 and 4 ul). For most applications a sample load of 0.2 ug of chlorophyll will give a RbcL signal in this range.A 2 ul load is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems to use as a positive control.AS04 042SPsaC *0.15 pmol/μl11.5 kDa#To generate a standard curve, 3 loads are suggested (0.5, 2 and 4 l). For most applications a sample load of 0.2 g of chlorophyll will give a PsaC signal in this range.A 2 ul load is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems as a positive control.*These proteins are larger than a respective native protein due to the addition of His-tag* For reconstitution of standards see lable on respective tube.Product information - Secondary antibody:AS09 602-trial Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H&L), HRP conjugated, 20 l (2x10 l)Product information - ECLreagent:AS16 ECL-N-10 AgriseraECL Bright (10 ml trial pack)Educational information about Quantitative western blot can be found here: detailed method description, video tutorial
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water in the respiratory chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Subunit 2 (COXII) transfers the electrons from cytochrome c via its binuclear copper A center to the bimetallic center of the catalytic subunit 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Dicots including Cannabis sativa Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conugated synthetic peptide fully conserved in all available protein sequences from eudicots including Arabidopsis thaliana AtmG00160, monocots including Oryza sativa P04373 and Physcomitrella patens Q1XGA9
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water in the respiratory chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Subunit 2 (COXII) transfers the electrons from cytochrome c via its binuclear copper A center to the bimetallic center of the catalytic subunit 1. Alternative name: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cucumis melo, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, Vigna radiataSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conugated synthetic peptide fully conserved in all available protein sequences from eudicots including Arabidopsis thaliana AtmG00160, monocots including Oryza sativa P04373 and Physcomitrella patens Q1XGA9
Antibody detects COXII protein most optimally in membrane fractions. The signal is weak in a in total protein extract.Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (BN-PAGE), 1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
29.4 | 30 kDa (for Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Saccharina japonica
Selected references:
Hofmann, Wienkoop & Luthje (2022) Hypoxia-Induced Aquaporins and Regulation of Redox Homeostasis by a Trans-Plasma Membrane Electron Transport System in Maize Roots. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 25;11(5):836. doi: 10.3390/antiox11050836. PMID: 35624700; PMCID: PMC9137787.Kumar et al. (2022). Proteomic dissection of rice cytoskeleton reveals the dominance of microtubule and microfilament proteins, and novel components in the cytoskeleton-bound polysome, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Volume 170,2022,Pages 75-86,ISSN 0981-9428, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.037.Pavlovic & Kocab. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes: what is it good for? Ann Bot. 2021 Dec 18:mcab151. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34922341.Makino et al. (2020). Induction of Terminal Oxidases of Electron Transport Chain in Broccoli Heads Under Controlled Atmosphere Storage. Foods, 9 (4) Wang et al. (2020) Rerouting of ribosomal proteins into splicing in plant organelles. BioRxiv, DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.03.974766 .
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of mitochondrial inner membrane
Alternative oxidases (AOX) are quinol oxidases located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of plants. They function as terminal oxidases in the alternate electron transport pathway, oxidizing ubiquinone to reduce oxygen to water.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
According to Konert et al. (2015) AOX antibody is recognizing AOX1A and AOX1D.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Application Details:
1 : 750 (IL), 1 : 1000 for 10-20 g of mitochondrial protein/lane detection (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
36-40 | 36-40 for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Candidia albicans, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (use an antibody to algal AOX1, AS06 152)
Selected references:
Brito et al. (2022) The role of the electron-transfer flavoprotein: ubiquinone oxidoreductase following carbohydrate starvation in Arabidopsis cell cultures. Plant Cell Rep. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00299-021-02822-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35031834.Pascual et al (2021). ACONITASE 3 is part of the ANAC017 transcription factor-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction response, Plant Physiology, 2021;, kiab225, https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab225Challabathula et al. (2021) Differential modulation of photosynthesis, ROS and antioxidant enzyme activities in stress-sensitive and -tolerant rice cultivars during salinity and drought upon restriction of COX and AOX pathways of mitochondrial oxidative electron transport, Journal of Plant Physiology,Volume 268,2022,153583, ISSN 0176-1617,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153583. Oh et al. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) 1a and 1d limit proline-induced oxidative stress and aid salinity recovery in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 17:kiab578. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab578. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34919733.Pavlovic & Kocab. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes: what is it good for? Ann Bot. 2021 Dec 18:mcab151. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34922341.
Special application note:
Mitochondrion inner membrane marker. Possibly in the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane.Protocol for a plant mitochondria preparation can be found here. In protein samples which are older than few months AOX enzyme can undergo intensive dimerization. Such preparations should not be used to work with this antibody.
GPX belongs to the group of enzymes that protect cells against oxidative damage generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the reduction of H2O2, organic hydroperoxides, and lipid peroxides in the presence of glutathione, the hydrogen donor. Activity of the enzyme can be increased under environmental stress. Immunogen: Peptide target chosen from C-terminal of two chloroplastic isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana GPX.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
thioredoxin fusion of 58 amino acid region between Ser at position 175 and the C-terminal Ala of Arabidopsis thaliana GPX7 accession At4g31870 has been used for antibody production
This antibody is recognizing Arabidopsis thaliana GPX (two chloroplastic isoforms). Antibody has also a weak cross-reactivity to cytosolic forms, therefore work on isolated chloroplasts is recommended.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lepist et al. (2013). Deletion of chloroplast NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase results in inability to regulate starch synthesis and causes stunted growth under short-day photoperiods. J Exp Bot. July 23.Juszczak et al. (2012). Natural genetic variation in the expression regulation of the chloroplast antioxidant system among Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Physiol. Plant.
Exoenzyme S (ExoS) is a toxin directly translocated into eukaryotic cells by the type III secretory process of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is a bi-functional toxin and contain an N-terminal Rho GAP domain that disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and interference of phagocytosis. The C-terminal of ExoS contains an ADP-ribosyltransferase domain, which elicits a cytotoxic phenotype in cultured cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Expected Species:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Immunogen:
amino acids 366 to 453 of PA3841 of ADP-rbosylating enzyme - Exoenzyme S overexpressed in a GST fusion. Afterwards cleaved with a help of trombin and separated on a polyacrylamide gel. Gel piece has been used for immunizations.
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
48 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Feng et al. (2019: Tanshinones: First-in-Class Inhibitors of the Biogenesis of the Type 3 Secretion System Needle of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Antibiotic Therapy. ACS Cent. Sci.2019.Anantharajah et al. (2017). Salicylidene acylhydrazides and hydroxyquinolines act as inhibitors of type three secretion systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by distinct mechanisms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Apr 10. pii: AAC.02566-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02566-16.Anantharajah et al. (2016). Inhibition of the Injectisome and Flagellar Type III Secretion Systems by INP1855 Impairs Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pathogenicity and Inflammasome Activation. J Infect Dis. 2016 Jul 13. pii: jiw295.
PsbR protein is found in plant Photosystem II and anticipate to play a role in water oxidation, yet the physiological significance of PsbR has remained obscure.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Yang-Er Chen et al. (2017). Responses of photosystem II and antioxidative systems to high light and high temperature co-stress in wheat. J. of Exp. Botany, Volume 135, March 2017, Pages 45–55.Shen et al. (2016). The existence of C4-bundle-sheath-like photosynthesis in the mid-vein of C3 rice. Rice (N Y). 2016 Dec;9(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12284-016-0094-5. Epub 2016 May 10.Albanese et al. (2016). Isolation of novel PSII-LHCII megacomplexes from pea plants characterized by a combination of proteomics and electron microscopy. Photosynth Res. 2016 Jan 9.Dixit (2015). Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves. Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 10;5:16205. doi: 10.1038/srep16205.Ido et al. (2014). Cross-Linking Evidence for Multiple Interactions of the PsbP and PsbQ Proteins in a Higher Plant Photosystem II Supercomplex. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 18;289(29):20150-7. doi: 0.1074/jbc.M114.574822. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
PsbW is a nuclear-encoded protein located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a core component of Photosystem II. Altrnative name: PSII 6.1 kDa protein
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017 Apr;173(4):2278-2293. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01623.
Heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the major stress-inducible protein in vertebrates and highly conserved throughout evolution. It plays a role as a molecular chaperone and is important for allowing cells to cope with acute stressor insult, especially those affecting the protein machinery.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide chosen from the C-terminal of salmonid hsp70. The target peptide is a sequence specific to salmonid hsp70 UniProt: B5X4Z3.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Biela et al. (2020). Evidence of prevalent heat stress in Yukon River Chinook salmon. Canadian J. of Fisheriers and Aquatic Science.Kelly et al. (2017). Acclimation capacity of the cardiac HSP70 and HSP90 response to thermal stress in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), a stenothermal ice-age relict. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Dec 10. pii: S1096-4959(17)30191-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.12.002.Ricketts et al. (2015). The Effects of Acute Waterborne Exposure to Sublethal Concentrations of Molybdenum on the Stress Response in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. PLoS One. 2015 Jan 28;10(1):e0115334. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115334. eCollection 2015.Templeman et al. (2014). Linking physiological and cellular responses to thermal stress: -adrenergic blockade reduces the heat shock response in fish. J Comp Physiol B, April 2014.
Special application note:
The antibody is very specific for salmonid inducible form - hsp70, It does not cross-react with hsc70, It does not detect hsp70 from other species
Heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the major stress-inducible protein in vertebrates and highly conserved throughout evolution. It plays a role as a molecular chaperone and is important for allowing cells to cope with acute stressor insult, especially those affecting the protein machinery.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide chosen from the C-terminal of salmonid hsp70. The target peptide is a sequence specific to salmonid hsp70 UniProt: B5X4Z3.
Applications:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
This antibody is recognizing the inducible Hsp70 in salmon but not the constitutive
Application Details:
5 g of antibodies in reaction mixture (IP), 1 : 100 (IHC), 1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
70 kDa
Not reactive in:
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Selected references:
Mottola et al. (2020). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2020 Feb;240:110629. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110629. Gallant el al. (2017). Physiological responses to a short-term, environmentally realistic, acute heat stress in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. FACETS.Lewis et al. (2016). Different Relationship between hsp70 mRNA and hsp70 Levels in the Heat Shock Response of Two Salmonids with Dissimilar Temperature Preference. Front Physiol. 2016 Nov 7;7:511. eCollection 2016.Curie et al. (2008). β‐Adrenergic Stimulation Enhances the Heat‐Shock Response in Fish. Physiol & Bioch. Zoology 4:414-425.
Special application note:
Immunohistochemistry experiments have been done on salmon tissue treated with hydrated autoclaving of formalin fixed sections (unpublished results)
Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 (Hsc70) is crucial for the chaperoning function of unstressed cells.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Salmon
Expected Species:
Bovine, Human, Mouse, Rat , Zebra fish
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide specific to the hsc70 of salmonid fish B5X3U6_SALSA
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
LeBlanc et al. (2011). Chronic social stress impairs thermal tolerance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Exp Biol. 15;214:1721-31.Rendell et al. (2006). Development-dependent differences in intracellular localization of stress proteins (hsps) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, following heat shoc. Comp. Biochem and Physiol 1:238-252.
HSP90 is a ubiquitous chaperone involved in numerous cellular processes. Members of this family of proteins play important roles in allowing a selected group of intracellular signaling molecules reach and maintain functionally active conformations.Alternative names: for hsp90 alpha: HSP 86, renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-38, for hsp90 beta: hsp84
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Salmon
Expected Species:
Fishes, Hen, Mammals
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide chosen from a highly conserved region of hsp90 found in both the alpha P07900 and beta P08238 form of the protein. The target peptide is perfectly conserved in animals.
in salmonid fish a cross-reactive band at approximately 40 kDa is observed; antibody will also detect a human recombinant HSP90 proteinAntibody is reacting strongly with recombinant HSP90 from HELA cells.
Application Details:
1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
84-86 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kelly et al. (2017). Acclimation capacity of the cardiac HSP70 and HSP90 response to thermal stress in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), a stenothermal ice-age relict. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Dec 10. pii: S1096-4959(17)30191-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.12.002.Ricketts et al. (2015). The Effects of Acute Waterborne Exposure to Sublethal Concentrations of Molybdenum on the Stress Response in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. PLoS One. 2015 Jan 28;10(1):e0115334. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115334. eCollection 2015.Liu et al. (2014). Spermidine Enhances Waterlogging Tolerance via Regulation of Antioxidant Defence, Heat Shock Protein Expression and Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Activity in Zea mays. J. Agronomy and Crop Science, Article first published online: 1 APR 2014, DOI: 10.1111/jac.12058.Chandra et al. (2012). Sustained high temperature increases the vitellogenin response to 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol in mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). Aquatic toxicology.
Plant PsbX is a nucelar encoded small 4 kDa protein associated with Photosystem II and found in all classes of oxygenic organisms.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Dictos, Oryza sativa, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
For an image of antibody detection in a western blot application see Garcia-Cerdan et al. (2008).
Application Details:
1 : 2500, 1 g of chlorophyll/lane (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
4 kDa
Not reactive in:
Cyanobacteria
Selected references:
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017 Apr;173(4):2278-2293. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01623.
Special application note:
PsbX is a small (4 kDa) and very hydrophobic subunit of PSII, Immunoblots from SDS-gels (especially with high loading) may show higher molecular weight signals from PsbX not fully detached from other subunits of PSII, The use of 15% SDS-PAGE gels with 2-4 M urea is recommended when working with this antibody
Chlorophylls are one of the most abundant classes of natural pigments and have an essential role in radiant energy absorptions during photosynthesis in bacteria, algae, and higher plants. Chlorophylls occur as noncovalently bound components of pigment-protein complexes, chloroplast-localized light-harvesting antennas LHC and photosynthetic reaction centers of PSI and PSII. Upon illumination the arrest in chlorophyll biosynthesis is ended and the etiolated parts of the plant and enzymatic photoreduction of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide), catalysed by POR enzyme.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
POR is present in high amounts in chloroplasts not exposed to light (etioplasts),
Application Details:
1: 500 (IL), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
36-37 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lee et al (2021). Chaperone-like protein DAY plays critical roles in photomorphogenesis. Nat Commun. 2021 Jul 7;12(1):4194. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24446-5. PMID: 34234144; PMCID: PMC8263706.Floris & K hlbrandt. (2021). Molecular landscape of etioplast inner membranes in higher plants. Nat Plants. 2021 Apr;7(4):514-523. doi: 10.1038/s41477-021-00896-z. Epub 2021 Apr 19. PMID: 33875833.Dogra et al. (2019). Oxidative post-translational modification of EXECUTER1 is required for singlet oxygen sensing in plastids. Nat Commun. 2019 Jun 27;10(1):2834. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10760-6. Zhang et al. (2018). Nitric oxide regulates chlorophyllide biosynthesis and singlet oxygen generation differently between Arabidopsis and barley. Nitric Oxide. 2018 Mar 3;76:6-15. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.03.001.Han et al. (2015). A nuclear-encoded chloroplast-targeted S1 RNA-binding domain protein affects chloroplast rRNA processing and is crucial for the normal growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 2015 Jul;83(2):277-89. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12889. Epub 2015 Jun 15.
Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (EC=1.4.1.3) is an enzyme localized in mitochondrial matrix which plays a key role in nitrogen and glutamate metabolism.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Sarasketa et al. (2014). Exploring ammonium tolerance in a large panel of Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions. J Exp Bot. 2014 Sep 9. pii: eru342.Tsilikochrisos et al. (2014). Glutamate dehydrogenase is differentially regulated in seeded and parthenocarpic tomato fruits during crop development and postharvest storage. Scientia Horticulturae 181 (2015) 34–42. (immunolocalization)
UniProt number:
Q5QDM6
TAIR number:
AT5G18170
Research area:
Nitrogen Metabolism
Agrisera
AS05 070set
50 µl / tube of each primary antibody. 100 µl / tube of each protein standard. 20 µl (2 x 10 µl) of secondary antibody. 10 ml trial pack of ECL reagent.
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
F-type ATPase (ATP synthase) is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. Multiple copies of the c subunit build up the ring structure (in spinach a 14-mer of ~112 kDa) of the membrane bound Fo-part of the enzyme.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae, Cannabis sativa, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Pisum sativum, Populus alba, Pinus thunbergii, Zea mays, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified c subunit from Spinacia oleracea UniProt: P69447.
Note that increased incubation at 95 C (20-30 min) prior to loading is recommended to break the multimeric c-mer structure, detection of partial ring structures (e,g, 5 or 6 subunits) may occur
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
8 kDa (for Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Nath et al. (2016). A Nitrogen-Fixing Subunit Essential for Accumulating 4Fe-4S-Containing Photosystem I Core Proteins. Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec;172(4):2459-2470. Epub 2016 Oct 26.Lawrence et al. (2010). Recombinant production and purification of the subunit c of chloroplast ATP synthase. Protein Expression and Purification 76: 15-24.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested.
CAH3 - carbonic anhydrase is a zinc-containing metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of CO2 and HCO3?. It plays an important role in many physiological functions that involve decarboxylation or carboxylation reactions, including both photosynthesis and respiration.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (only)
Immunogen:
Recombinant carbonic anhydrase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii A8J4Z8 after cleavage of a fusion protein
Applications:
immunofluorescence (IF), Immunogold (IG), Western blot (WB)
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Shukshina &Terentyev (2021) Involvement of Carbonic Anhydrase CAH3 in the Structural and Functional Stabilization of the Water-Oxidizing Complex of Photosystem II from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochemistry Moscow 86, 867–877 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297921070075Terentyev (2020: The Main Structural and Functional Characteristics of Photosystem-II-Enriched Membranes Isolated From Wild Type and cia3 Mutant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Life (Basel). 2020 May 14;10(5):E63. doi: 10.3390/life10050063.Terentyev et al. (2019). Carbonic anhydrase CAH3 supports the activity of photosystem II under increased pH. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2019 Jul 1;1860(7):582-590. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.06.003.Correa-Galvis et al. (2016). Photosystem II Subunit PsbS Is Involved in the Induction of LHCSR Protein-dependent Energy Dissipation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Biol Chem. 2016 Aug 12;291(33):17478-87. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.737312.
Special application note:
This antibody recognizes native and recombinant carbonic anhydrase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
The Glycine decarboxylase complex (GDC) is abundant in mitochondria matrix of C3 leaves and functions in photorespiratory carbon recovery. GDC enzyme can account for up to 50% of matrix protein, and is responsible for the most prominent metabolic activity in the mitochondria of illuminated leaves, photorespiration. GDC is a multienzyme complex composed of four component enzymes, the P-, H-, T-, and L-proteins and is responsible for the conversion of glycine produced in the peroxisome to serine in the mitochondria during photorespiratory cycle. The H-protein plays a key role as a mobile substrate that commutes between the other subunits, allowing its lipoic acid “arm” to visit the active sites of the other three components.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody can be used on total cell extract of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Application Details:
1 : 5 000 (TP), (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
16 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sch fer et al. (2021) Assessment of Mitochondrial Protein Topology and Membrane Insertion. Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2363:165-181. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1653-6_13. PMID: 34545493.Przybyla-Toscano et al. (2021) Protein lipoylation in mitochondria requires Fe-S cluster assembly factors NFU4 and NFU5. Plant Physiol. 2021 Oct 28:kiab501. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab501. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34718778.Guralnick et al. (2020). The Development of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) Photosynthesis in Cotyledons of the C4 Species, Portulaca grandiflora (Portulacaceae). Plants (Basel). 2020 Jan 2;9(1). pii: E55. doi: 10.3390/plants9010055. (tissue printing)R thor et al. (2019). Arabidopsis seedlings display a remarkable resilience under severe mineral starvation using their metabolic plasticity to remain self-sufficient for weeks. Plant J. 2019 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14325.Lynch et al. (2017). Multifaceted plant responses to circumvent Phe hyperaccumulation by downregulation of flux through the shikimate pathway and by vacuolar Phe sequestration. Plant J. 2017 Dec;92(5):939-950. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13730. (Petunia hybrida cv. Mitchell)
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of mitochondrial matrix
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) is part of the mitochondrial enzyme complex.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody can be used on total leaf extracts and isolated mitochondria
Application Details:
1: 1000 to 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
53 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Li et al. (2021) Isolation and comparative proteomic analysis of mitochondria from the pulp of ripening citrus fruit. Hortic Res. 2021 Feb 1;8(1):31. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00470-w. PMID: 33518707; PMCID: PMC7848011.Guo et al. (2021) The pentatricopeptide repeat protein GEND1 is required for root development and high temperature tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana,Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,Volume 578,2021,Pages 63-69,ISSN 0006-291X,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.022.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X21013164)Rurek et al. (2018). Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Diverse Cauliflower Cultivars under Mild and Severe Drought. Impaired Coordination of Selected Transcript and Proteomic Responses, and Regulation of Various Multifunctional Proteins, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(4), 1130; doi:10.3390/ijms19041130 (Special issue: Plant Mitochondria)Rurek et al. (2018). Cold and Heat Stress Diversely Alter Both Cauliflower Respiration and Distinct Mitochondrial Proteins Including OXPHOS Components and Matrix Enzymes, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(3), 877; doi:10.3390/ijms19030877 (Special issue: Plant Mitochondria)Yin et al. (2016). Comprehensive Mitochondrial Metabolic Shift during the Critical Node of Seed Ageing in Rice. PLoS One. 2016 Apr 28;11(4):e0148013. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148013. eCollection 2016.
CPX2 is an enzyme called coproporphyrinogen oxidase which converts coproporphyrinogen-III to protoporphyrinogen-IX via an intermediary monovinyl porphyrinogen.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CPX2 protein Q4U0V8
Lhca5 is a low abundant chlorophyll a/b-binding protein that has been found to associate with Photoystem I in sub-stoechiometric amounts. Unlike the four main Lhca-types (Lhca1-4) Lhca5 seems to be able to associate with PSI or the LHCI at varying positions. The regulation pattern for the expressino of the Lhca5 gene differs from the standard Lhc pattern as expression seems to be positively regulated under light and cold stress conditions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca5 protein of Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g45474). This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca5 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms. UniProt: Q9C639, TAIR: At1g45474
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).Urea is not recommended to use in extraction buffer and in a gel, when working with this antibody.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
27.8 | 23 for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Physcomitrella patens
Selected references:
Myouga et al. (2018). Stable accumulation of photosystem II requires ONE-HELIX PROTEIN1 (OHP1) of the light harvesting-like family. Plant Physiol. 2018 Feb 1. pii: pp.01782.2017. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01782.Qin et al. (2014). Isolation and characterization of a PSI-LHCI super-complex and its sub-complexes from a siphonaceous marine green alga, Bryopsis Corticulans. Photosynth Res. 2014 Sep 12.
Special application note:
More information on the Lhca5 localization within the LHCI antenna can be found in Lucinski et al. (2006) Lhca5 interaction with plant photosystem I. FEBS Letters 580:6485-6488
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the major stress-inducible protein in vertebrates and is highly conserved throughout evolution. It plays a role as a molecular chaperone and is important for allowing cells to cope with acute stress or insult, especially those affecting the protein machinery. Heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) is a highly conserved protein and a member of the family of molecular chaperones. Alternative names: HSP70.1, HSP70-1/HSP70-2, Heat shock 70 kDa protein 8
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Fish, mammals, fungi: Antrodia infirma, A. sinuosa, A. xantha, Catostomus commersonii, Gloeophyllum protractum, Gloeophyllum sepiarium, G. carbonarium, Junghunia luteoalba, Oligoporus sericiomollis, Phlebia cornea
Expected Species:
Bovine, Drosophila melanogaster, Hen, Mouse, Rat
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known sequences of HSP70 P08107 and HSC70 proteins P11142
This antibody is recognizing both, the inducible and the constitutive Hsp70
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (IP), 1 : 1000-1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
70 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
MacLellan et al. (2015). Chaperone roles for TMAO and HSP70 during hyposmotic stress in the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias). J Comp Physiol B. 2015 Jun 7.Bessemer et al. (2014). Cardiorespiratory toxicity of environmentally relevant zinc oxide nanoparticles in the freshwater fish Catostomus commersonii. Nanotoxicology. 2014 Nov 27:1-10.Gorovits et al. (2013). Recruitment of the host plant heat shock protein 70 by tomato yellow leaf curl virus coat protein is required for virus infection. PLoS Once, July 23;8(7).
Special application note:
For detection of plant and algal cytoplasmic hsp70 we recommend following product: AS08 371.
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is the major stress-inducible protein in vertebrates and is highly conserved throughout evolution. It plays a role as a molecular chaperone and is important for allowing cells to cope with acute stress or insult, especially those affecting the protein machinery. Heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) is a highly conserved protein and a member of the family of molecular chaperones. Alternative names: HSP70.1, HSP70-1/HSP70-2, Heat shock 70 kDa protein 8
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Fish, mammals, fungi: Antrodia infirma, A. sinuosa, A. xantha, Gloeophyllum protractum, Gloeophyllum sepiarium, G. carbonarium, Junghunia luteoalba, Mustelus canis, Oligoporus sericiomollis, Phlebia cornea, Squalus acanthias, Zearaja maugeana
Expected Species:
Bovine, Danio rerio (Zebrafish), Drosophila melanogaster, Hen, Mouse, Rat
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved across all known sequences of HSP70 P08107 and HSC70 proteins P11142
This antibody is not suitable for work with samples from higher plants
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (IP), 1 : 1000-1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
70 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Bockus et al. (2020). Thermal Range and Physiological Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Shark Species from the Northwest Atlantic. The Biological Bulletin, ahead of print. Morash et al. (2020). The endemic and endangered Maugean Skate (Zearaja maugeana) exhibits short-term severe hypoxia tolerance. Conserv Physiol. 2020 Jan 18;8(1):coz105. doi: 10.1093/conphys/coz105.Tunnah et al (2016). Physiological responses to hypersalinity correspond to nursery ground usage in two inshore shark species (Mustelus antarcticus and Galeorhinus galeus). J Exp Biol. 2016 Jul 1;219(Pt 13):2028-38. doi: 10.1242/jeb.139964. Epub 2016 May 9.Bockus (2016). A Study of the Regulatory and Environmental Factors Affecting Trimethylamine Oxide Accumulation in Marine Organisms. Open Access Dissertations. Paper 513.French et al. (2015). High survivorship after catch-and-release fishing suggests physiological resilience in the endothermic shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Conservation Physiology, Vol 3, Issue 1, 10.1093/conphys/cov044
Special application note:
For detection of plant and algal cytoplasmic hsp70 we recommend following product: AS08 371
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Brassica napus, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Dictos, Cannabis sativa, Galdieria sulphuraria, Lactuca sativa, Lycopersicum esculentum, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Oryza sativa, Ostreococcus sp. Pisum sativum, Sesamum indicum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Zosteria marina, Vitis vinifera cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membraneSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF), ImmunoGold (IG), Western blot (WB)
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.The peptide is conserved in cyanobacterial D1:1 and D1;2.
Application Details:
1: 500 (IF), 1: 200 (IG), 1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Byeon et al. (2022) Canopy height affects the allocation of photosynthetic carbon and nitrogen in two deciduous tree species under elevated CO2. J Plant Physiol. 2022 Jan;268:153584. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153584. Epub 2021 Dec 2. PMID: 34890847.Ye et al. (2022) Effect of increased CO2 on iron-light-CO2 co-limitation of growth in a marine diatom, ASLO, Limnol. Oceanogr. 2022, 172-176Pavlovic & Kocab. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes: what is it good for? Ann Bot. 2021 Dec 18:mcab151. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34922341.Cano-Ramirez et al. (2021) M. Plasma Membrane Fluidity: An Environment Thermal Detector in Plants. Cells. 2021 Oct 17;10(10):2778. doi: 10.3390/cells10102778. PMID: 34685758; PMCID: PMC8535034.
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Brassica napus, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Dictos, Manihot esculenta, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wada et al. (2021) Identification of a Novel Mutation Exacerbated the PSI Photoinhibition in pgr5/pgrl1 Mutants; Caution for Overestimation of the Phenotypes in Arabidopsis pgr5-1 Mutant. Cells. 2021 Oct 26;10(11):2884. doi: 10.3390/cells10112884. PMID: 34831107; PMCID: PMC8616342.Sorrentino et al. (2018). Performance of three cardoon cultivars in an industrial heavy metal-contaminated soil: Effects on morphology, cytology and photosynthesis. J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jun 5;351:131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.044.Kanazawa et al. (2017). Chloroplast ATP Synthase Modulation of the Thylakoid Proton Motive Force: Implications for Photosystem I and Photosystem II Photoprotection. Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 3;8:719. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00719.Li et al. (2016). A Hard Day's Night: Diatoms Continue Recycling Photosystem II in the Dark. Front. Mar. Sci., 08 November 2016
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the chicken anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to ALP.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures. Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016. This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
To be determined by end user
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 488.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
To be added when available. Antibody release in May 2023.
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands. Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.DyLight 488 Amax = 493 nm, Emax = 519 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II, PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions, In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures,Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e,g, precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016,This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43,
Application Details:
To be determined by end user
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 594.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known,
Selected references:
To be added when available. Antibody release in May 2023.
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands,Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.DyLight 594 has Amax = 593 nm, Emax = 618 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II, PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts, Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples, Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7,4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Store in provided dark tube and avoid direct light exposure. Shortly spin the tube before use.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions, In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures,Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e,g, precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016,This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43,
Application Details:
To be determined by end user
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight 650.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known,
Selected references:
To be added when available. Antibody released in May 2023.
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands,Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.DyLight 650 has Amax = 652 nm, Emax = 672 nm. DyLight is a registered trademark of Thermofisher Inc., and its subsidiaries.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Brassica napus, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Dictos, Manihot esculenta, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to FITC.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
PsbA | D1 protein of PSII, C-terminal, FITC conjugated
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to HRP.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Thurotte et al. (2020). DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803. Life (Basel). 2020 Apr 30;10(5):E55. doi: 10.3390/life10050055.
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membraneSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the chicken anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to biotin.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Blue Native-PAGE (BN-PAGE), Immunofluorescence (IF), Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy (U-ExM), Western blot (WB)
Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.Antibody is recognizing mitochondrial form of AtpB Subota el. al (2011).This antibody can be used as a loading control for bacteria, Bacillus cereus.
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.Ripamonti et al (2022). Silencing of ATP Synthase Beta Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Doree. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(2):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020765Tanno et al. (2021) The four-celled Volvocales green alga Tetrabaena socialis exhibits weak photobehavior and high-photoprotection ability. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 26;16(10):e0259138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259138. PMID: 34699573; PMCID: PMC8547699.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 Atp Synthase, and most known bacterial F-type Atp Synthases. Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein.Anti-AtpB antibody was used as a loading control in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803.This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Acinetobacter baumannii, Algae, Cannabis sativa, Clostridium sp., Diatoms, Cyanobacteria, E.coli K-12, Vitis vinifera, Yersinia sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1 At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Blue Native-PAGE (BN-PAGE), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.Antibody is recognizing mitochondrial form of AtpB Subota el. al (2011).This antibody can be used as a loading control for bacteria, Bacillus cereus.
Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Aihara et al. (2019). Algal photoprotection is regulated by the E3 ligase CUL4-DDB1DET1. Nat Plants. 2019 Jan;5(1):34-40. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0332-5.Jespersen et al. (2017). Metabolic Effects of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl for Improving Heat or Drought Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 11;8:1224. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01224. eCollection 2017. (western blot, Agostis stolonifera cv. ‘Penncross’)Rurek et al. (2015). Biogenesis of mitochondria in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) curds subjected to temperature stress and recovery involves regulation of the complexome, respiratory chain activity, organellar translation and ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jan 21. pii: S0005-2728(15)00016-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.01.005.Eom et al. (2014). Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4 from Traditional Fermented Soybean Food Inhibits Bacillus cereus Growth and Toxin-Related Genes. J Food Sci. 2014 Nov;79(11):M2279-87. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12569. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proClin if requested.The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 Atp Synthase, and most known bacterial F-type Atp Synthases. Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein.
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase, UDPGP) E.C=2.7.7.9. is a key enzyme of synthesis of sucrose, cellulose and other saccharides. There are two cytoplasmic isoforms of UGPase-A (which share 94 % identity on amino acid level) and one chloroplastic UGPase-B isoform in Arabidopsis thaliana which share ca. 10-11 % of identity (Kleczkowski et al. 2011).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody detectes 1 ng of UGPase in a western blot and reacts with both cytosolic isoforms only which have similar MW of ca. 52 kDa in Arabidopsis thaliana.For using this antibody on Solanum lycopersicum, 6M urea requires to be included in extraction and loading buffers.
Application Details:
1 : 1500 (IL), 1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
51,6 kDa
Not reactive in:
C. merolae, diatoms
Selected references:
Pan et al. (2021) Post-Golgi Trafficking of Rice Storage Proteins Requires the Small GTPase Rab7 Activation Complex MON1-CCZ1, Plant Physiology, 2021;, kiab175, https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab175Li et al. (2021) Isolation and comparative proteomic analysis of mitochondria from the pulp of ripening citrus fruit. Hortic Res. 2021 Feb 1;8(1):31. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00470-w. PMID: 33518707; PMCID: PMC7848011.Li et al. (2020). N-terminal acetylation stabilizes SIGMA FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN 1 involved in salicylic acid-primed cell death. Plant Physiol. 2020 Mar 5. pii: pp.01417.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01417.Ren et al. (2020). GPA5 Encodes a Rab5a Effector Required for Post-Golgi Trafficking of Rice Storage Proteins. Plant Cell. 2020 Jan 16. pii: tpc.00863.2019. doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00863.Ge et al. (2019). The NIN-like protein 5 (ZmNLP5) transcription factor is involved in modulating the nitrogen response in maize. Plant J. 2019 Dec 2. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14628.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of cytoplasm, UGPse is a cytoplasmic protein Martz et al. (2002)This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Lci5 protein is encoded by the nuclear gene lci5, which is induced during the acclimation to low CO2 conditions in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The Lci5 protein is peripherally associated with the stroma side of thylakoid membranes. In addition, this protein is heavily phosphorylated (7 sites, 3 Threonine and 4 serine residues, as shown by mass spec anlaysis) in cells growing under low CO2 concentrations in the medium or during state transitions (state 2). Microarray analysis showed that the gene is up-regulated 3 times during the acclimation to low CO2 conditions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-comjugated synthetic peptide chosen from a sequence of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Lci5 protein A8IGD9
The PsbO protein is an extrinisic subunit of the water splitting photosystem II (PSII) complex. The protein is exposed on the luminal side of the thylakoid membrane, and is hihgly conserved in all known oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Alternative names of PsbO1 include 33 kDa subunit of oxygen evolving system of photosystem II, OEC 33 kDa subunit, 33 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, manganese-stabilizing protein 1 and for PsbO2 33 kDa subunit of oxygen evolving system of photosystem II, OEC 33 kDa subunit, 33 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, manganese-stabilizing protein 2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Mazur et al. (2021) The SnRK2.10 kinase mitigates the adverse effects of salinity by protecting photosynthetic machinery. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 4;187(4):2785-2802. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab438. PMID: 34632500; PMCID: PMC8644180.Toubiana et al. (2020). Correlation-based Network Analysis Combined With Machine Learning Techniques Highlight the Role of the GABA Shunt in Brachypodium Sylvaticum Freezing Tolerance. Sci Rep , 10 (1), 4489Wang et al. (2019). YR36/WKS1-mediated Phosphorylation of PsbO, an Extrinsic Member of Photosystem II, Inhibits Photosynthesis and Confers Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat. Mol Plant. 2019 Oct 14. pii: S1674-2052(19)30330-2. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.10.005.An et al. (2019). Protein cross-interactions for efficient photosynthesis in the cassava cultivar SC205 relative to its wild species. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Jul 19. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00046.Rozp?dek et al. (2018). Acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus and alterations in sugar metabolism in response to inoculation with endophytic fungi. Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Dec 5. doi: 10.1111/pce.13485.
Special application note:
Loading based on 50-100 ng of chlorophyll is enough to obtain good signal with this antibody
Peroxiredoxins (EC=1.11.1.15) belong to the enzyme family which is ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life. Prx Q enzyme acting by reducing hydroperoxides. Peroxiredoxins have no heme group, unlike the other peroxidases, but perform their enzymatic activity using cysteine residues with redox-active thiol groups. The ability of peroxiredoxins to hydrolyze hydroperoxides suggests that this protein family has a general function in oxidant defence.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Marchantia polymorpha, Populus sp. , Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
His-tagged full length protein (with presequence) of Arabidopsis thaliana was overexpressed in in E.coli. Isolated with HiTrap column (GE Healthcare) Q9LU86, At3g26060
In stroma fractions a weak background reaction at 28 kDa is visible, No crossreactivity in any thylakoid fractions
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
16 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Yoshida et al. (2018). Thioredoxin-like2/2-Cys peroxiredoxin redox cascade supports oxidative thiol modulation in chloroplasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Aug 13. pii: 201808284. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1808284115.Yoshida et al. (2016). Hisabori T1.Two distinct redox cascades cooperatively regulate chloroplast functions and sustain plant viability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Jul 5;113(27):E3967-76. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1604101113. Epub 2016 Jun 22.Yoshida et al. (2015). Thioredoxin Selectivity for Thiol-Based Redox Regulation of Target Proteins in Chloroplasts. J Biol Chem. 2015 Apr 15. pii: jbc.M115.647545.Feifei et al. (2014). Comparison of Leaf Proteomes of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cultivar NZ199 Diploid and Autotetraploid Genotypes. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 11;9(4):e85991. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085991. eCollection 2014.Wu et al. (2013). Proteomic and Phytohormone Analysis of the Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings to Sugarcane Mosaic Virus. PLoS One. July 23;8(7).
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Degradation of the most abundant membrane protein on earth, the light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II (LHC II), is highly regulated under various environmental conditions, e.g., light stress, to prevent photochemical damage to the reaction center. FtsH6 is proposed to be a general LHC II protease and FtsH6-dependent LHC II proteolysis can be a feature of all higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide chosen from AtFtsH6 protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana Q1PDW5
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water/tube
Molecular Weight:
74,36 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sedaghatmehr et al. (2022) Heat shock factor HSFA2 fine-tunes resetting of thermomemory via plastidic metalloprotease FtsH6. J Exp Bot. 2022 Jun 15:erac257. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac257. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35705109.Sedaghatmehr et al. (2016). The plastid metalloprotease FtsH6 and small heat shock protein HSP21 jointly regulate thermomemory in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun. 2016 Aug 26;7:12439. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12439.
Topoisomerase type II (EC5.99.1.3) is one of the enzymes which is catalyzing unknotting of DNA by creating transient breaks in the DNA using a conserved tyrosine as the catalytic residue.Synonyme names of this protein: At3g23890, ATTOPII, DNA topoisomerase 2, DNA topoisomerase II, F14O13.7, TOP2, TOPOISOMERASE II
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Vicia faba
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris, Citrus clementina, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Medicago truncatula, Oryza sativa, Ostreococcus tauri, Panicum italicum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physcomitrium patens, Pinus sitcHensis, Populus trichocarpa, Solanum tuberosum, Sorghum bicolor, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera, Volvox Caterii Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
The C-terminal 153 amino acids of the Arabidopsis thaliana Topoisomerase II (At3g23890, protein accesion number P30182) with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag was expressed in E.coli and purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography.
Topoisomerase II is highly expressed in young seedlings. The protein is localized in the nucleus and gene expression levels are increased in proliferative tissues like shoot apex or root tip.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Application Details:
1 : 500 (IL), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
164 | 170 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Nicotiana tabacum
Selected references:
Martinez-Garcia M et al. (2018). TOPII and chromosome movement help remove interlocks between entangled chromosomes during meiosis. J Cell Biol. 2018 Dec 3;217(12):4070-4079. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201803019.Xie S & Lam E (1994) Abundance of nuclear DNA topoisomerase II is correlated with proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana. NAR 25:5729.Klaus Feldmann (1997) Regulation der Topoisomerase II von Arabidopsis thaliana im Zellzyklus. PhD thesis, University of Cologne.
Special application note:
Antibody detects a protein of ca. 170 kDa on western blots of Arabidopsis thaliana protein extracts. In subcellular fractions of cultured Arabidopsis thaliana cells the antibody detects a 170 kDa protein exclusively in the nulear fraction (see picture).
PsaF (PSI-F) is a conserved subunit of type I photosynthetic reaction centers (Photosystem I, PSI). PSI is an integral membrane multi-protein complex that catalyzes the electron transfer from plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6) to ferredoxin (or flavodoxin). PsaF has been shown to be involved in the orientation of the soluble electron donor. In plants PSI-F is nuclear encoded and imported post-translationally into the chloroplast where it inserts into the thylakoid membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Catalpa bungei, Micromonas sp. , Populus trichocarpa, Physcomitrium patens, Ricinus communisSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the PsaF protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g31330). This peptide sequence is not completely conserved in mono- and dicots.
Schmid et al. (2018). PUMPKIN, the sole Plastid UMP Kinase, Associates with Group II Introns and Alters Their Metabolism. Plant Physiol. 2018 Nov 8. pii: pp.00687.2018. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.00687.Patil et al. (2018). FZL is primarily localized to the inner chloroplast membrane however influences thylakoid maintenance. Plant Mol Biol. 2018 Jul;97(4-5):421-433. doi: 10.1007/s11103-018-0748-3.Myouga et al. (2018). Stable accumulation of photosystem II requires ONE-HELIX PROTEIN1 (OHP1) of the light harvesting-like family. Plant Physiol. 2018 Feb 1. pii: pp.01782.2017. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01782.Kanazawa et al. (2017). Chloroplast ATP Synthase Modulation of the Thylakoid Proton Motive Force: Implications for Photosystem I and Photosystem II Photoprotection. Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 3;8:719. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00719.Qin et al. (2014). Isolation and characterization of a PSI-LHCI super-complex and its sub-complexes from a siphonaceous marine green alga, Bryopsis Corticulans. Photosynth Res. 2014 Sep 12.
PsaH (PSI-H) is a conserved subunit of type I photosynthetic reaction centers (Photosystem I, PSI). PSI is an integral membrane multi-protein complex that catalyzes the electron transfer from plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6) to ferredoxin (or flavodoxin). Psa-H has been suggested to be involved in regulation of state1-state2 transitions. In plants and algae Psa-H is nuclear encoded and imported post-translationally into the chloroplast where it inserts into the thylakoid membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arachis hypogaea, Brassica rapa, Medicago truncatula, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabaccum, Populus trichocarpa, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana for PsaH1(At3g16240) and PsaH2 (At1g52230). This peptide sequence is quite conserved in some dicots but not in monocots.
Wang et al. (2017). The Phytol Phosphorylation Pathway Is Essential for the Biosynthesis of Phylloquinone, which Is Required for Photosystem I Stability in Arabidopsis.Mol Plant. 2017 Jan 9;10(1):183-196. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.12.006.Schwarz et al. (2017). Photosystem I-LHCII megacomplexes respond to high light and aging in plants. Photosynth Res. 2017 Oct 3. doi: 10.1007/s11120-017-0447-y.Tiwari et al. (2016). Photodamage of iron–sulphur clusters in photosystem I induces non-photochemical energy dissipation. Nature Plants Article number: 16035 (2016) doi:10.1038/nplants.2016.35.
PsaL (PSI-L) is a conserved subunit of type I photosynthetic reaction centers (Photosystem I, PSI). PSI is an integral membrane multi-protein complex that catalyzes the electron transfer from plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6) to ferredoxin (or flavodoxin). Psa-L is binding pigments and has been shown to be involved in trimerization of PSI in cyanobacteria (but not in plants) and bind pigments in plants and cyanobacteria.In plants and algae Psa-L is nuclear encoded and imported post-translationally into the chloroplast where it inserts into the thylakoid membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Nicotiana benthamiana, Monocots (Zea mays)Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from PsaL protein sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana (At4g12800). This sequence is well conserved in most mono- and dicots but not in Physcomitrella patens.
Wang et al. (2020). Post-translational coordination of chlorophyll biosynthesis and breakdown by BCMs maintains chlorophyll homeostasis during leaf development. Nat Commun. 2020; 11: 1254. Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyll ? b ? in ? Nannochloropsis salina ? enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels. ? 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Sch ttler et al. (2017). The plastid-encoded PsaI subunit stabilizes photosystem I during leaf senescence in tobacco. J Exp Bot. ? 2017 Feb 1;68(5):1137-1155. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx009.Sook Seok et al. (2013). AtFKBP16-1, a chloroplast lumenal immunophilin, mediates response to photosynthetic stress by regulating PsaL stability. Physiologia Plantarum, DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12116.Bock (2012). The plastid genome-encodedYcf4 protein functions as a non-essential assembly factor for photosystem I in higher plants. Plant Physiol. ahead of print.
Photosystem I (PSI) of chloroplasts is a multisubunit membrane-protein complex that catalyzes the electron transfer from the reduced plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6) in the thylakoid lumen to the oxidized ferredoxin (or flavodoxin) in the chloroplast stroma. PsaN is necessary for docking plastocyanin to the PSI complex. PSI-N is the only subunit located entirely on the lumenal side of PSI.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophikized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Hansson et al. (2007). Knock-out of the chloroplast encoded PSI-J Subunit of Photosystem I in Nicotiana tabacum: PSI-J is required for efficient electron transfer and stable accumulation of photosystem I. FEBS J. 274: 1734-1746.
Cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) is encoded by the chloroplast genes psbE and psbF and is comprised of two low molecular mass polypeptides, a and h subunits, with molecular masses of 9 and 4 kDa, respectively. The Cyt b559 is closely associated with PSII in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. The a and h subunits of the Cyt b559 are components of the minimal PSII reaction center complex that is still capable of primary charge separation In summary, both PsbE and PsbF are essential components for PSII assembly, and they are probably involved in electron transport mechanisms that help to protect PSII from photodamage. Alternative protein name: PSII reaction center subunit V
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017 Apr;173(4):2278-2293. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01623.Yang-Er Chen et al. (2017). Responses of photosystem II and antioxidative systems to high light and high temperature co-stress in wheat. J. of Exp. Botany, Volume 135, March 2017, Pages 45–55.Nishimura et al. (2016). The N-terminal sequence of the extrinsic PsbP protein modulates the redox potential of Cyt b559 in photosystem II. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 18;6:21490. doi: 10.1038/srep21490.Grieco et al. (2015). Light-harvesting II antenna trimers connect energetically the entire photosynthetic machinery - including both photosystems II and I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jun-Jul;1847(6-7):607-19. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Apr 3.Hojka et al. (2014). Inducible repression of nuclear-encoded subunits of the cytochrome b6f complex in tobacco reveals an extraordinarily long lifetime of the complex. Plant Physiol. 2014 Jun 24. pii: pp.114.243741.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membraneThis product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) is encoded by the chloroplast genes psbE and psbF and is comprised of two low molecular mass polypeptides, α and subunits, with molecular masses of 9 and 4 kDa, respectively. The Cyt b559 is closely associated with PSII in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. The α and subunits of the Cyt b559 are components of the minimal PSII reaction center complex that is still capable of primary charge separation In summary, both PsbE and PsbF are essential components for PSII assembly, and they are probably involved in electron transport mechanisms that help to protect PSII from photodamage.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody works better on thylakoid and chloroplast fractions than on a total cell extract
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
4 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, cyanobacteria
Selected references:
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017Yang-Er Chen et al. (2017). Responses of photosystem II and antioxidative systems to high light and high temperature co-stress in wheat. J. of Exp. Botany, Volume 135, March 2017, Pages 45–55.Nishimura et al. (2016). The N-terminal sequence of the extrinsic PsbP protein modulates the redox potential of Cyt b559 in photosystem II. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 18;6:21490. doi: 10.1038/srep21490.Lucinski et al. (2011). Involvement of Deg5 protease in wounding-related disposal of PsbF apoprotein. Plant Physiol Biochem. 49(3):311-20.Garcia-Cerdan et al. (2008). Antisense inhibition of the PsbX protein affects PSII integrity in the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol 50: 191-202
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
PsbY (Small subunit Y of PSII) is a manganese-binding polypeptide with L-arginine metabolizing enzyme activity. It is a component of the core of photosystem II. Alternative names: psbY-A1, L-AME, L-arginine.metabolizing enzyme.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Glycne soja , Medicago truncatula, Morus notabilis, Oryza sativa, Populus trichocarpa, Ricinus communi, Solanum chacoense, Spinacia oleracea, Theobroma cacao , Zea mays, Zostera marina Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Von Sydow et al. (2016). The PsbY protein of Arabidopsis Photosystem II is important for the redox control of cytochrome b559. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 May 21. pii: S0005-2728(16)30536-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.05.004.
Plastoglobules are lipoprotein particles which can be found in chloroplasts. They are generally believed to have a function of lipid storage. Recent data suggest that plastoglobules can be also metabolically active, taking part in tocopherol synthesis and likely other pathways. Immunogen: Alternative name AtPap1, fibrillin-1, probable plastid-lipid-associated protein 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
(2021). Autophagy is required for lipid homeostasis during dark-induced senescence.Plant Physiology, 2021;, kiaa120Luo et al. (2015). Distinct carotenoid and flavonoid accumulation in a spontaneous mutant of Ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco) results in yellowish fruit and enhanced postharvest resistance. J Agric Food Chem. 2015 Sep 2.G mez-Arjona et al. (2014). Starch synthase 4 is located in the thylakoid membrane and interacts with plastoglobule-associated proteins in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2014 Oct;80(2):305-16. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12633.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of chloroplast plastoglobules.For IC samples were embedded in Lowicryl HM20 and sectioned into 100-nm-thick sections and placed on Formvar-coated gold slot grids. The sections were blocked for 20 min with a 5% (w/v) solution of nonfat milk in TBS plus 0.1%Tween 20 (TBST). Anti-PGL antibodies were diluted 1:20 in a solution of 2.5% nonfat milk in TBST at room temperature for 1 h. The sections were rinsed in a stream of TBS plus 0.5% Tween 20 and then transferred to the secondary antibody (anti-rabbit IgG 1:20 in TBST) conjugated to 10-nm gold particles for 1 h. images of localization can be found in Austin et al. (2006).
Lhcb4 (CP29) is a member of the family of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins, which is conserved in higher plants and green algae. Lhcb4 is associated with Photosystem II serving both as a light-harvesting antenna protein as well as playing a role in photoprotective dissipation of excitation energy. The Chlamydomonas homolog of plant Lhcb4 has also been denoted as Lhcbm4.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris
Expected Species:
Gonium pectorale, Tetrabaena socialis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Lhcb4 (CP29, Lhcbm4) protein sequence from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Q93WD2
For Lhcb4 protein detection in higher plants use antibody: AS04 045 Anti-Lhcb4 | CP29 chlorophyll a/b binding protein of plant PSII, rabbit antibodies
Selected references:
Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyll b in Nannochloropsis salina enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Jeong et al. (2017). Deletion of the chloroplast LTD protein impedes LHCI import and PSI-LHCI assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Exp Bot. 2017 Dec 30. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx457.Shin et al. (2017), Complementation of a mutation in CpSRP43 causing partial truncation of light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in Chlorella vulgaris. Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 20;7(1):17929. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18221-0.Muranaka et al. (2015). TEF30 interacts with photosystem II monomers and is involved in the repair of photodamaged photosystem II in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Physiol. 2015 Dec 7. pii: pp.01458.2015.
Plastocyanin is a “blue” copper protein which catalyzes electron transfer between the cytochrome b6 .f complex and P-700, the reaction center of photosystem I. Plastocyanin is a nuclear encoded polypeptide in all eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms where it has been studied. It is synthesized as a pre-protein of approximate molecular weight 17,000, imported post-translationally into chloroplasts, and processed to its mature form of approximate molecular weight 10,500 within the plastid.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlorella fusca, Pediastrum boryanumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
GST fusion to Pre-apoplastocyanin of Chlamydomonas reinhartii P18068
This antibody is recognizing pre-apoplatosyanin 17 kDa precursor and a mature protein. There is a slight cross-reactivity with cytochreom c6 in extract from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells grown under conditions of cooper deficiency.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
17 kDa (precursor)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Li et al. (1996). Molecular genetic analysis of plastocyanin biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.. J. Biol. Chem. 271:31283-31289
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Multi-subunit complex of cytb6/f is a crucial component for the photosynthetic electron transport chain of higher plants, green algae and cyanobacteria. This complex is catalyzing oxidation of quinols and the reduction the reduction of plastocyanin. This reaction allows to establish the proton force required for the ATP synthesis. Four major subunits build the complex: the petA gene product corresponding to a c-type cytochrome (cytf), the petB gene product corresponding to a b-type/c’-type cytochrome with three haems (cyt b6), the petD gene product (subunit IV, or suIV), and the petC gene product, corresponding to the Rieske/Iron/sulfur protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Reaction with cyanobacteria: Synechocystis 6803 and Synechococcus 7942 possible to obtain on total cell extract when using antibody at 1: 500 and longer exposure time.
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 50 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
34 | 31-32 kDa
Selected references:
Redekop et al. (2020). PsbS Contributes to Photoprotection in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Independently of Energy Dissipation . Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg . 2020 Jun 1;1861(5-6):148183.doi: 10.1016Liu et al. (2020). Acid treatment combined with high light leads to increased removal efficiency of Ulva prolifera. Algal Research,Volume 45, January 2020, 101745Storti et al. (2020). The activity of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex influences the photosynthetic activity of the moss Physcomitrella patens. doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.924597Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyll ? b ? in ? Nannochloropsis salina ? enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels. ? 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Dall'Osto et al. (2019). Combined resistance to oxidative stress and reduced antenna size enhance light-to-biomass conversion efficiency in Chlorella vulgaris cultures.Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Sep 16;12:221. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1566-9.Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658. Storti et al. (2018). Role of cyclic and pseudo-cyclic electron transport in response to dynamic light changes in Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Nov 29. doi: 10.1111/pce.13493.Kong et al. (2018) Interorganelle Communication: Peroxisomal MALATE DEHYDROGENASE2 Connects Lipid Catabolism to Photosynthesis through Redox Coupling in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Aug;30(8):1824-1847. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00361Jokel et al. (2018). Hunting the main player enabling Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth under fluctuating light. Plant J. 2018 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13897.Du et al. (2018). Galactoglycerolipid Lipase PGD1 Is Involved in Thylakoid Membrane Remodeling in Response to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Feb;30(2):447-465. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00446.Sch ttler et al. (2017). The plastid-encoded PsaI subunit stabilizes photosystem I during leaf senescence in tobacco. J Exp Bot. ? 2017 Feb 1;68(5):1137-1155. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx009.Zou et al. (2017). An Animal-Like Cryptochrome Controls the Chlamydomonas Sexual Cycle. Plant Physiol. 2017 Jul;174(3):1334-1347. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.00493.Georg et al. (2017). Acclimation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis to Iron Starvation Is Controlled by the sRNA IsaR1. Curr Biol. 2017 May 22;27(10):1425-1436.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.010. (Synechocystis PCC6803) Tyuereva et al. (2017). The absence of chlorophyll b affects lateral mobility of photosynthetic complexes and lipids in grana membranes of Arabidopsis and barley chlorina mutants. Photosynth Res. 2017 Apr 5. doi: 10.1007/s11120-017-0376-9. (Hordeum vulgare, western blot)Ferroni et al. (2016). Light acclimation in the lycophyte Selaginella martensii depends on changes in the amount of photosystems and on the flexibility of the light-harvesting complex II antenna association with both photosystems. New Phytol. 2016 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/nph.13939.Suorsa et al. (2015). Light acclimation involves dynamic re-organisation of the pigment-protein megacomplexes in non-appressed thylakoid domains. Plant J. 2015 Aug 29. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13004.Charuvi et al. (2015). Photoprotection Conferred by Changes in Photosynthetic Protein Levels and Organization during Dehydration of a Homoiochlorophyllous Resurrection Plant. Plant Physiol. 2015 Apr;167(4):1554-65. doi: 10.1104/pp.114.255794.Hojka et al. (2014). Inducible repression of nuclear-encoded subunits of the cytochrome b6f complex in tobacco reveals an extraordinarily long lifetime of the complex. Plant Physiol. 2014 Jun 24. pii: pp.114.243741.Dang et al. (2014). Combined Increases in Mitochondrial Cooperation and Oxygen Photoreduction Compensate for Deficiency in Cyclic Electron Flow in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Cell. 2014 Jul 2. pii: tpc.114.126375.
A copper-containing protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a plasma membrane ferroxidase, encoded by the FOX1 gene, involved in Fe assimilation. FOX1 is most highly related to the mammalian homologues hephaestin and ceruloplasmin; its occurrence and pattern of expression in Chlamydomonas indicate a role for copper in iron assimilation in a photosynthetic species.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
residues 394-646 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii FOX1 A8IZT9 fused to TrxA
This antibody has been used on Chlamydomonas cells expressing endogenous Fox1 and on HEK293 cells transiently expressing Fox1. Cells were resuspended in PBS plated on poly-lysine coated coverslips, fixed in 3.7% formaldehyde. Blocked in 3% BSA in PBS. 1:500 dilution of anti-FOX1 in 3% BSA. Secondary antibody was anti-rabbit Alexa fluor 488 1:300.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
122 | 120 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kropat et al. (2015). Copper economy in Chlamydomonas: Prioritized allocation and reallocation of copper to respiration vs. photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Feb 2. pii: 201422492.LaFontaine et al. (2002) Copper-Dependent Iron Assimilation Pathway in the Model Photosynthetic Eukaryote Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eukaryotic Cell 1(5):736-757
Special application note:
FOX1 is 10-20-fold induced in iron-deficiency and its occurrence therefore serves as a marker of iron nutrition state in Chlamydomonas. For detection image please refer to the article below.
Ferredoxins are acidic, low molecular weight, soluble iron-sulfur proteins found in various organisms. Iron-sulfur proteins are defined as proteins carrying iron-sulfur cluster(s) in which the iron is at least partially coordinated by sulfur. The protein acts as multifunctional electron carriers in diverse redox systems. The chloroplast ferredoxin is involved in both cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation reactions of photosynthesis and other reductive reactions in the chloroplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cvetkovska et al. (2018). Characterization of photosynthetic ferredoxin from the Antarctic alga Chlamydomonas sp. UWO241 reveals novel features of cold adaptation. New Phytol. 2018 Jul;219(2):588-604. doi: 10.1111/nph.15194.Jokel et al. (2018). Hunting the main player enabling Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth under fluctuating light. Plant J. 2018 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13897.Georg et al. (2017). Acclimation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis to Iron Starvation Is Controlled by the sRNA IsaR1. Curr Biol. 2017 May 22;27(10):1425-1436.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.010.Hu et al. (2017). The SUFBC2 D Complex is Required for the Biogenesis of All Major Classes of Plastid Fe-S Proteins. Plant J. 2017 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13483.Higuchi et al. (2011). Modulation of macronutrient metabolism in barley leaves under iron-deficient condition. Soil Sc and Plant Nutr. 57 (2): 233-247.
Special application note:
In Arabidopsis thaliana leaf extracts there is a strong cross-reactivity at 20 kDa.
Chl27 catalyzes the cyclase reaction in chlorophyll biosynthesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cyanobacteria, Gossyium hirsutum, Euphorbia esula, Hordeum vulgare, Nannochloropsis gaditana, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
residues 1-409 from Arabidopsis thaliana CHL27 fused to TrxA UniProt: Q9M591,TAIR: At3g56940
Antibodies detect two isoforms in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, CRD1 in cells grown under copper deficiency (39.8 kDa) and CTH1 in cells grown with sufficient copper (40.7 kDa). Antibodies will also react with Arabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare, Pisum sativum, and purple bacteria
Application Details:
1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
47 | 40 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2020). Post-translational coordination of chlorophyll biosynthesis and breakdown by BCMs maintains chlorophyll homeostasis during leaf development. Nat Commun. 2020; 11: 1254. Cha et al. (2019). Arabidopsis GIGANTEA negatively regulates chloroplast biogenesis and resistance to herbicide butafenacil. Plant Cell Rep. 2019 Jul;38(7):793-801. doi: 10.1007/s00299-019-02409-x.Canniffe et al. (2014). Elucidation of the preferred routes of C8-vinyl reduction in chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis. Biochem J. 2014 Jun 19.
Special application note:
[compartment marker] of chloroplast thylakoid and envelope membranes
Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase is an enzyme in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. This isoform is encoded by a single nuclear gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The abundance of the protein increases in copper deficient cells. The protein is localized to the chloroplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Physcomitrium patens
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
residues 32-366 from mature coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, isoform CPX1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii fused to TrxA Q9S7V1
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lang et al. (2011).Simultaneous isolation of pure and intact chloroplasts and mitochondria from moss as the basis for sub-cellular proteomics. Plant Cell Rep. Feb;30(2):205-15. (reactivity confirmed for Physcomitrella patens).Quinn et al. (1999) Induction of Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase in Chlamydomonas Chloroplasts Occurs via Transcriptional Regulation of Cpx1 Mediated by Copper-Response Elements and Increased Translation from a Copper-Deficiency-Specific Form of the Transcript. J. Biol. Chem. 274:14444-14454.
Antioxidant system works as a defense against oxidative stress. SOD (superoxide dismutase) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and H,O,. SODs are classified, according to their metal cofactor, as FeSOD, MnSOD, or Cu / ZnSOD. Chloroplasts generally contain Cu/ZnSOD and, in a number of plant species, FeSOD
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody will detect FeSOD enzyme only in plants grown on low Cu (0.1 μM).Reference: Salah et al (2005) Two P-type ATPases are required for copper delivery in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. Plant Cell, 17, 1233-1251Out of three FeSOD isoforms, FeSOD2 and FeSOD3 are not expressed in the roots. In roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, FeSOD1 is detected Tak č et al. (2018)This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 1500-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
25 | 22 kDa
Selected references:
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Konkolewska et al. (2020). Combined use of companion planting and PGPR for the assisted phytoextraction of trace metals (Zn, Pb, Cd). Jokel et al. (2020). Elimination of the flavodiiron electron sink facilitates long-term H2 photoproduction in green algae. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Dec 5;12:280. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1618-1.Shull et al. (2019). Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles induce autophagy and chloroplast degradation in thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Jul 29. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01648.Mermod et al. (2019). SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like 7 mediates copper deficiency response in the presence of high nitrogen in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Rep. 2019 May 15. doi: 10.1007/s00299-019-02422-0.
Ferritin is the major iron storage protein complex in eukaryotic cells, consisting of 24 ferritin subunit polypeptides. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 2 isoforms, ferritin1 (Fer1) and ferritin2 (Fer2) are present. Both are plastid localized but Fer1 is quantitatively recovered in soluble extracts of cells while Fer2 is found in the particulate fraction. Partial purification of the Fer1 complex indicates that the two ferritins are associated in distinct complexes and do not coassemble. The ratio of Fer1 to Fer2 in iron-replete cells is 70:1 and indicates a more dominant role of Fer1 in iron homeostasis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ferritin1 protein sequence Q8LRU1
Vitellogen (VTG) is a glucolipoprotein yolk precursor produced by all oviparous animals. This protein is female-specific and its expression is under hormonal control (estrogen). However, in the presence of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC's), males can express the VgTG gene in a dose dependent manner. The use of VTG gene expression in male fish can be used as a molecular marker of exposure to estrogenic EDC's.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The developed VTG ELISA, using these VTG and AbVTG, has been validated for Senegalese sole, sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and seabream (Sparus aurata), which all gave parallel displacement curves in the assay. Probably, plasmas from several other fish species displace parallel and can also be used in the assay, although it has to be validated for each case.
Application Details:
1 : 5 000 on sole serum (ELISA), 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
ca, 200 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Guzman et al. (2008) Vitellogenin, steroid plasma levels and spawning performance of cultured female Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).Gen and Comp Endocrinology 156: 285-297.
Special application note:
VTG can be purified using following methodology: Ma an s et al. (1994). Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) vitellogenin. I—Induction, purification and partial characterization. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol 107 (2): 205-216.Guzman et al. (2008) Vitellogenin, steroid plasma levels and spawning performance of cultured female Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).Gen and Comp Endocrinology 156: 285-297.
Lipoxygenases (LOXs; EC 1.13.11.12, synonym: lipoxydases) are a family of enzymes that catalyze oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into lipidhydroperoxides (LOOHs) involved in responses to stresses. LOXs has been found to play a role in plant growth and development, senescence as well as can be activated in response to environamental stress (drought, heavy metals). Synonymes: linoleate, oxygen oxidoreductase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Lilium longiflorum, Lupinus luteus, Musa acuminate, Musa paradisiaca L., Nicotiana benthamiana, Olea europaea, Oryza sativa
Expected Species:
Glycine max, Lathyrus undulatus, Malus x domestica, Solanum tuberosum, Vicia fabaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
native lipoxygenase, type I-B, purified from Glycine max (Sigma, product number L7395) UniProt: P08170
Kucko et al. (2022) The acceleration of yellow lupine flower abscission by jasmonates is accompanied by lipid-related events in abscission zone cells, Plant Science, Volume 316, 2022,111173, ISSN 0168-9452, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111173. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168945221003691)Zhu et al. (2021) Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Reveal Effects of Putrescine-Alleviated Aluminum Toxicity in Rice Roots[J]. RICE SCI, 0, (): 3-.Castro et al. (2020). Identification of seed storage proteins as the major constituents of the extra virgin olive oil proteome. Food Chem X . 2020 Jun 27;7:100099.doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2020.100099.Yang et al. (2012). Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals that antioxidation mechanisms contribute to cold tolerance in plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.; ABB Group) seedlings. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 Dec;11(12):1853-69. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M112.022079.Huang et al. (2011). Cloning and characterization of a 9-lipoxygenase gene induced by pathogen attack from Nicotiana benthamiana for biotechnological application. BMC Biotechnol. 2011 Mar 30;11:30. doi: 10.1186/1472-6750-11-30.
Lipoxygenases (LOXs; EC 1.13.11.12, synonym: lipoxydases) are a family of enzymes that catalyze oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into lipidhydroperoxides (LOOHs) involved in responses to stresses. LOXs has been found to play a role in plant growth and development, senescence as well as can be activated in response to environamental stress (drought, heavy metals).Synonymes: linoleate, oxygen oxidoreductase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
FtsH protease is important in chloroplast biogenesis and thylakoid maintenance. Nuclear genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains 12 genes encoding FtsH proteins. Three of those gene products in Arabidopsis , can be targeted to mitochondria (FTSH3, FTSH4, and FTSH10), while the other nine (FTSH1, FTSH2, FTSH5 to FTSH9, FTSH11, and FTSH12) can enter the chloroplast. Synonyme: cell division protease FtsH homolog 9, chloroplastic.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana FtsH9 protein sequence UniProt: Q9FIM2, TAIR: At5g58870
HYL1 is nuclear localized, double stranded RNA-binding protein involved in microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis. Synonyme: F21M12.9 protein EMBL AAB60726.1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana Hyl1 protein sequence UniProt: O04492, TAIR: At1g09700
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ren et al. (2020). BcpLH organizes a specific subset of microRNAs to form a leafy head in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). Hortic Res. 2020 Jan 1;7:1. doi: 10.1038/s41438-019-0222-7.Wang et al. (2019). The PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE4 Complex Promotes Transcription and Processing of Primary microRNAs in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2019 Feb;31(2):486-501. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00556. (immunoprecipitation)Su et al. (2017). The Protein Phosphatase 4 and SMEK1 Complex Dephosphorylates HYL1 to Promote miRNA Biogenesis by Antagonizing the MAPK Cascade in Arabidopsis. Dev Cell. 2017 Jun 5;41(5):527-539.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.05.008.Li et al. (2016). Intron Lariat RNA Inhibits MicroRNA Biogenesis by Sequestering the Dicing Complex in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet. 2016 Nov 21;12(11):e1006422. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006422. eCollection 2016.Francisco-Mangilet et al. (2015). THO2, core member of the THO/TREX complex, is required for micro RNA production in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2015 May 14. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12874.Raczynska et al. (2013). TheSERRATEprotein isinvolved inalternativesplicing inArabidopsis thaliana. Nucleic Acids Res. Oct 16.Manavella et al. (2012). Fast-Forward Genetics Identifies Plant CPL Phosphatases as Regulators of miRNA Processing Factor HYL1. Cell Nov 9.
Plastocyanin (PC) is a small Cu protein and a mobile electron carrier in the lumen of the thylkoids. PC interacts with the B/F complex and Photosystem I. Alternative name: DNA-damage-repair/toleration protein DRT112.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Catalpa bungei, Dicots, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Nicotiana benthamiana, Physcomitrium patens, Ricinus communis, Solanum lycopersicumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified native plastocyanin from Spinacia oleracea UniProt: P00289
Plastocyanin runs abberant due to negative charge at 12-19 kDa on SDS-PAGE depending upon the system used. in 15 % gel the protein will run closer to its true MW than in 12 % gel. In some cases PC can be very acidic and run at twice of its MW.PC1 runs closer to 14 kDa while PC2 runs closer to 19 kDa. For good resolution adding fresh DTT to the sample buffer is recommended. PC2 is generally more abundant and it increases with Cu feeding. PC1 is expressed first after etiolated seedlings are placed in the light.
Application Details:
1 : 100 (IG), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
10 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Tokarz et al. (2021). Stem Photosynthesis-A Key Element of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Acclimatisation to Salinity. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 12;22(2):685. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020685. PMID: 33445673; PMCID: PMC7828162.Viola et al. (2021) In vivo electron donation from plastocyanin and cytochrome c6 to PSI in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2021 May 15;1862(9):148449. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148449. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34004195.Furutani et al. (2021) The difficulty of estimating the electron transport rate at photosystem I. J Plant Res. 2021 Nov 15. doi: 10.1007/s10265-021-01357-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34778922.Wang et al. (2020) Rerouting of ribosomal proteins into splicing in plant organelles. BioRxiv, DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.03.974766 .Galvis et al. (2020). H+ transport by K+ EXCHANGE ANTIPORTER3 promotes photosynthesis and growth in chloroplast ATP synthase mutants. Plant Physiol. pp.01561.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01561.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of chloroplast thylakoid lumenThis product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
PSII reaction centre components are generating the redox potential required to drive highly oxidizing water splitting reaction. Four Mn atoms are present on a lumenal surface and form the catalyctic site of the water-splitting reaction which is in close association with the 33 kDa (PsbO), 23 kDa (PsbP) and 17 kDa (PsbQ) extrinistic subunits of oxygen evolving complex OEC. A 33-kDa extrinsic protein is also termed the Mn-stabilizing protein (MSP), however recent evidences shown that it is C-terminal domain of PsbA (D1) protein which is involved in in the assembly and stabilization of the OEC. Synonymes: PSBQ, PSBQA
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Catalpa bungei, Oryza sativa, Picea sitcHensis, Populus balsamifera, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available PsbQ protein sequences including Arabidopsis thaliana At4g21280. Peptide used to elicit this antibody is conserved in both isoforms, Arabidopsis thaliana PsbQ1 and PsbQ2.
Yang-Er Chen et al. (2017). Responses of photosystem II and antioxidative systems to high light and high temperature co-stress in wheat. J. of Exp. Botany, Volume 135, March 2017, Pages 45–55.Pavlovič et al. (2016). Light-induced gradual activation of photosystem II in dark-grown Norway spruce seedlings. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Feb 18. pii: S0005-2728(16)30028-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.009.Albanese et al. (2016). Isolation of novel PSII-LHCII megacomplexes from pea plants characterized by a combination of proteomics and electron microscopy. Photosynth Res. 2016 Jan 9.Grassl et al. (2012). Early events in plastid protein degradation in stay-green Arabidopsis reveal differential regulation beyond the retention of LHCII and chlorophyll. J. Proteome Res. October 2.
PSII reaction centre components are generating the redox potential required to drive highly oxidizing water splitting reaction. Four Mn atoms are present on a lumenal surface and form the catalyctic site of the water-splitting reaction which is in close association with the 33 kDa (PsbO), 23 kDa (PsbP) and 17 kDa (PsbQ) extrinistic subunits of oxygen evolving complex OEC. A 33-kDa extrinsic protein is also termed the Mn-stabilizing protein (MSP), however recent evidences shown that it is C-terminal domain of PsbA (D1) protein which is involved in in the assembly and stabilization of the OEC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Load per well on cell extract of Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine) was 7 g.This antibody can be used as a loading control for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii while it not so suitable for higher plants as accumulation of these proteins might drop to 12.5-25 % of the WT level in mutants defective for PSII core (Schult et al. 2007).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28 | 23 kDa
Not reactive in:
Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Lim et al (2022) Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Jiang et al. (2020). Plastid chaperone HSP90C guides precursor proteins to the SEC translocase for thylakoid transport. J Exp Bot. 2020 Aug 27;eraa399.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa399. Nama et al. (2018). Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. Photosynth Res. 2018 Jul 7. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7.
PSII reaction centre components are generating the redox potential required to drive highly oxidizing water splitting reaction. Four Mn atoms are present on a lumenal surface and form the catalyctic site of the water-splitting reaction which is in close association with the 33 kDa (PsbO), 23 kDa (PsbP) and 17 kDa (PsbQ) extrinistic subunits of oxygen evolving complex OEC. A 33-kDa extrinsic protein is also termed the Mn-stabilizing protein (MSP), however recent evidences shown that it is C-terminal domain of PsbA (D1) protein which is involved in in the assembly and stabilization of the OEC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody can be used as a loading control for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii while it not so suitable for higher plants as accumulation of these proteins might drop to 12.5-25 % of the WT level in mutants defective for PSII core (Schult et al. 2007).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
35 | 33 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Loudya et al. (2021) Cellular and transcriptomic analyses reveal two-staged chloroplast biogenesis underpinning photosynthesis build-up in the wheat leaf. Genome Biol. 2021 May 11;22(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s13059-021-02366-3. PMID: 33975629; PMCID: PMC8111775.Terentyev (2020: The Main Structural and Functional Characteristics of Photosystem-II-Enriched Membranes Isolated From Wild Type and cia3 Mutant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Life (Basel). 2020 May 14;10(5):E63. doi: 10.3390/life10050063..Tang el al. (2020). OsNSUN2-Mediated 5-Methylcytosine mRNA Modification Enhances Rice Adaptation to High Temperature. Dev Cell. 2020 May 4;53(3):272-286.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.03.009.Smythers et al. (2019). Characterizing the effect of Poast on Chlorella vulgaris, a non-target organism. Chemosphere Volume 219, March 2019, Pages 704-712.
Special application note:
Total IgG fraction has been purified by 40% ammonium sulpgate precipitation followed by DEAE cellulose chromatographyThis product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
PsaH (PSI-H) is a conserved subunit of type I photosynthetic reaction centers (Photosystem I, PSI). PSI is an integral membrane multi-protein complex that catalyzes the electron transfer from plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6) to ferredoxin (or flavodoxin). Psa-H has been suggested to be involved in regulation of state1-state2 transitions. In plants and green algae Psa-H is nuclear encoded and imported post-translationally into the chloroplast where it inserts into the thylakoid membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Nama et al. (2018). Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. Photosynth Res. 2018 Jul 7. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7.Winck (2011). Nuclear proteomics and transcription factor profiling. Dissertation, University of Posdam.
PsaG is subunit located in the Photosystem I complex. It plats a role in stablizing the binding of the peripheral antenna. PsaG, together with PsaH and PsaN, are unique to higher plants and algae. Alternative names: PSI-G, light-harvesting complex I 10 kDa protein, P35 protein
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
fusion protein between DHFR and the mature part of Chlamydomonas PsaG, UniProt: P14224
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Nama et al. (2018). Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. Photosynth Res. 2018 Jul 7. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7.
VIPP1 - vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1, is a hydrophilic found in both the inner envelope and the thylakoid membranes. In VIPP1 deletion mutants vesicle formation is abolished. VIPP1 is proposed to be essential for the maintenance of thylakoids.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Synechococcus sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant VIPP1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: Q66YD0
Jeran et al. (2021) The PUB4 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Responsible for the Variegated Phenotype Observed upon Alteration of Chloroplast Protein Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Genes (Basel). 2021 Sep 6;12(9):1387. doi: 10.3390/genes12091387. PMID: 34573369; PMCID: PMC8464772.Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658. Kroll et al. (2001) VIPP1, a nuclear gene of Arabidopsis thaliana essential for thylakoid membrane formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 4238-4242.
D2 protein (PsbD) forms the reaction core of PSII (Photosystem II) as a heterodimer with the D1 protein (PsbA). PsbD is homologous to the D1 protein, with slightly higher molecular mass of about 39.5 kDa. Accumulation of D2 protein is an important step in the assemply of the PSII reaction centre complex.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
There is a confirmed cross-reaction with TLA1 protein in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.For samples with a very low PSII content theremight be detection problems independent of the antibody. PSII proteins can vary in level depending upon liquid culture conditions. When the cells are in a stationary phase PSII content can drop to a very low level.
Application Details:
1: 10 000 (CN-PAGE), 1: 5000 - 1 : 50 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
39,4 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.Mazur et al. (2021) The SnRK2.10 kinase mitigates the adverse effects of salinity by protecting photosynthetic machinery. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 4;187(4):2785-2802. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab438. PMID: 34632500; PMCID: PMC8644180.von Bismarck et al. (2021) Light acclimation interacts with thylakoid ion transport to govern the dynamics of photosynthesis. Research Square; 2021. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-948381/v1.Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.
Special application note:
The peptide used to elicit this antibody has a perfect conservation across all full-length PsbD sequences from higher plants, lower plants, cyanobacteria and unicellular algae except: minor substitutions in some Prochlorococcus & Dinoflagellate sequences, The antibody should still work against these taxa, but it has not been tested yet, This antibody does not detect PsbA protein (D1),This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
COXII - mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II is located in inner mitochondrial membrane. The enzyme is a component of the respiratory chain complex involved in the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
GST fusion with the aminoacids 4-153 of the subunit 2b of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cytochrome oxidase, UniProt: Q9AU05
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Ma et al. (2020). An ortholog of the Vasa intronic gene is required for small RNA-mediated translation repression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Jan 7;117(1):761-770. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1908356117.Jokel et al. (2020). Elimination of the flavodiiron electron sink facilitates long-term H2 photoproduction in green algae. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Dec 5;12:280. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1618-1.Upadhyaya and Jagadeeshwar Rao (2019). Reciprocal regulation of photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration by TOR kinase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Direct Volume 3, Issue 11.Jokel et al. (2018). Hunting the main player enabling Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth under fluctuating light. Plant J. 2018 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13897.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of mitochondrial inner membrane for Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiThis product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
The mitochondrial AOX (alternative oxidase) of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is encoded by two different genes, the Aox1 and Aox2. The alternative respiratory pathway is comprised of a single homodimeric protein – AOX – and functions as a mechanism to decrease the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during respiratory electron transport. Alternative oxidase expression is influenced by different stress stimuli.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Aspergilus niger, Gonium pectorale, Monoraphidium neglectum, Nannochloropsis gaditana, Ostreococcus lucimarinus, Tetrabaena socialis, Volvox carteri f. nagariensis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
whole presumed mature AOX1 protein from from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii UniProt: O65000 fused to GST
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Gu et al. (2021) A Lipid Bodies-Associated Galactosyl Hydrolase Is Involved in Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis and Galactolipid Turnover in the Unicellular Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiPerlaza et al. (2019). The Mars1 kinase confers photoprotection through signaling in the chloroplast unfolded protein response. Elife. 2019 Oct 15;8. pii: e49577. doi: 10.7554/eLife.49577.Kaye et al. (2019). The mitochondrial alternative oxidase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii enables survival in high light.J Biol Chem. 2019 Jan 25;294(4):1380-1395. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.004667.Zalutskaya et al. (2015). The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii alternative oxidase 1 is regulated by heat stress. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2015 Dec;97:229-34. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.014.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondrial inner membrane
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a fundamentally important biological process required to maintain the integrity and homeostasis of multicellular organisms during normal development and as a response to adverse environments. Cdc2 kinase, plays a major role in driving the cell cycle. Synonymes (for Arabidopsis thaliana): CDC2A, CDKA-1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Syu et al. (2014). Impacts of size and shape of silver nanoparticles on Arabidopsis plant growth and gene expression. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2014. In print.
Scribble human homologue, hScrib, is a substrate of ubiquitin-mediated degradation by human papillomavirus E6 and the E6AP ubiquitin-protein ligase. hScrib is localised to the basolateral regions of the epithelial cell line MDCK. The mammalian homolog of Scribble has a primary structure and subcellular localization similar to that of its fly homolog, but its function remains unknown. hScrib can have a potential role in the suppression of mammalian tumorigenesis. Alternative name: Protein LAP4
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Human
Immunogen:
GST tagged C-terminus of hScrib Q14160 including PDZ3 and 4 domains
The PsbH protein was originally named 10- or 9-kDa phosphoprotein in higher plant chloroplasts. It is encoded by the plastome in algae and higher plants. PsbH is also present in cyanobacteria, where it exhibits 56% amino acid identity with the corresponding protein from Arabidopsis. The protein contains 63–90 amino acids, depending on the species, with molecular masses between 7.0 and 9.9 kDa.PsbH is an intrinsic membrane protein with a single transmembrane helix and its N-terminal region has been suggested to be exposed to the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane. Presence of PsbH already present in etiolated tissue can indicate that the protein may be involved in early stages of PSII assembly.Obtained biochemical data from PSII complexes isolated from spinach suggest that PsbH, together with other PSII phosphoproteins, may be required for D1 protein turnover by regulating dimeric and monomeric PSII transition through their phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
LMW proteins can sometimes interfere with chlorophyll, but most chlorophyll can be removed by precipitating sample in acetone before loading on a gel.Protocol: Add acetone to final concentration of 80% ice-cold acetone. Leave 10 minutes. Spin. Rresuspend pellet in solubilisation buffer and load on a gel.
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
7.7 | 4 (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017 Apr;173(4):2278-2293. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01623.Levey et al. (2014). Expression of a nuclear-encoded psbH gene complements the plastidic RNA processing defect in the PSII mutant hcf107 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 2014 Oct;80(2):292-304. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12632. Epub 2014 Sep 8.Verhoeven et al. (2009). Seasonal changes in abundance and phosphorylation status of photosynthetic proteins in eastern white pine and balsam fir. Tree Physiol. 29:361-374.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
The PsbI protein, previously named the 4.8-kDa protein, is encoded by the plastome. PsbI is a universal component of PSII and is highly conserved (e.g. there is 71% amino acid identicality between the Arabidopsis and Synechocystis 6803 proteins). The protein contains 36 to 38 amino acids in most species, with molecular masses ranging between 4.1 and 4.5 kDa. Synonymes: PSII-I, PSII 4.8 kDa protein
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare
Expected Species:
Cannabis sativa, Glycne max, Phaseolus vulgaris, Populus trichocarpa, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivum, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from PsbI protein of Arabidopsis thaliana P62100, AtCg00080
Hackett et al. (2017). An Organelle RNA Recognition Motif Protein Is Required for Photosystem II Subunit psbF Transcript Editing. Plant Physiol. 2017 Apr;173(4):2278-2293. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01623.
Thioredoxin Reductase (TR, TrxR) is the only known enzyme (EC 1.8.1.9) which is reducing thoredoxin (Trx). Activity of thoredoxin is essential for growth and survival of the cell. There seem to be one isoform of NtrC protein in Arabidopsis which includes an N-terminal reductase domain and a C-terminal domain related to thioredoxin proteins. Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlmydomonas reinhardtii NtrC proteins are ca. 568 amino acids long, but include ca. 80 amino acid signal peptides, for mature protein size of ca. 488 amino acids.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydia sp., Marchantia polymorpha, Nannochloropsis gaditana, Ostreococcus luminarius, Physcomitrium patens, Synechococcus sp.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from N-terminal domain of NtrC of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii A8HNQ7
Antibody will react with long NtrC of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii proteins and shorter NtrA-type rpoteins, which would be distinguished by migration size.
Application Details:
1 : 500 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
55,3 | 49 kDa (following processing)
Not reactive in:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Special application note:
Peptide target chosen from the N-terminal domain, nearly fully conserved within 3-4 NtrA-related proteins from Arabidopsis thalina and with NtrC related proteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechococcus sp. 7942 and other cyanobacteria
Hcf101 is a novel protein required for photosystem I biogenesis. Hcf101-1 is a high-chlorophyll-fluorescence hcf) Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that lacks photosystem I. In green tissue the level of this protein is stimulated by light and the protein has not been detected in roots. It has been localized in chloroplast stroma.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Immunolocalization has been done on isolated plastids, followed by separation into stroma and thylakoids
Application Details:
1 : 3000 (IL), 1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
57 | 50,5 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Hu et al. (2017). The SUFBC2 D Complex is Required for the Biogenesis of All Major Classes of Plastid Fe-S Proteins. Plant J. 2017 Jan 19. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13483.Bigeard et al. (2014). Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of chromatin-associated proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. Proteomics. 2014 May 31. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400072.
PsbP - 23 kDa extrinsic protein of photosystem II (PSII). Processing of the protein results in a protein with molecular mass of around 20 kDa. PsbP is required to optimize water splitting process in PSII, by probab y by optimisation of calcium and Cl- levels. The protein is found in higher plants and algae but is not conserved in cyanobacteria. Synonymes:Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2-1, chloroplastic, OEE2, 23 kDa subunit of oxygen evolving system of photosystem II, OEC 23 kDa subunit, OEC23, 23 kDa thylakoid membrane protein
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Mazur et al. (2021) The SnRK2.10 kinase mitigates the adverse effects of salinity by protecting photosynthetic machinery. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 4;187(4):2785-2802. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab438. PMID: 34632500; PMCID: PMC8644180.Tamburino et al. (2017). Chloroplast proteome response to drought stress and recovery in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). BMC Plant Biol. 2017 Feb 10;17(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12870-017-0971-0.Pavlovi? et al. (2016). Light-induced gradual activation of photosystem II in dark-grown Norway spruce seedlings. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Feb 18. pii: S0005-2728(16)30028-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.009.Albanese et al. (2016). Isolation of novel PSII-LHCII megacomplexes from pea plants characterized by a combination of proteomics and electron microscopy. Photosynth Res. 2016 Jan 9.Grassl et al. (2012). Early events in plastid protein degradation in stay-green Arabidopsis reveal differential regulation beyond the retention of LHCII and chlorophyll. J. Proteome Res. October 2.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Cor14b is a nuclear encoded protein localized in chloroplast whose expression level has been associated with frost and photoinhibition tolerance in monocots.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Hordeum vulgare
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide conserved in cor14b sequence of Hordeum vulgare, cor14c UniProt Q8H0Q4 and Triticum aestivum, REP13 of Secale cereale
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Rapacz et al. (2008). The effect of cold acclimation on photosynthetic apparatus and the expression of COR14b in four genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare) contrasting in their tolerance to freezing and high light treatment in cold. Ann. Bot. 101: 689-699.
Antioxidant system works as a defense against oxidative stress. SOD (superoxide dismutase) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and H202,. SODs are classified, according to their metal cofactor, as FeSOD, MnSOD, or Cu / ZnSOD. Chloroplasts generally contain Cu/ZnSOD and, in a number of plant species, FeSOD
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cucumis melo, Glycne max, Pinus pinaster, Spinacia oleraceaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
overexpressed Arabidopsis thaliana Cu/ZnSOD O78310, At2g28190 with an N-terminal His-tag. Purified via Ni-column. The His-tag was cleaved and the protein was recovered via ion exchange on a 10 ml resource-Q (Pharmacia) column using a NaCl gradient. Pure fractions after dialysis against PBS has been used for immunization.
Note: Antibody is recognizing 19 kDa protein Csd2 (chloroplastic enzyme) and gives also low but noticeable reactivity to Csd1 (15 kDa) a cytosolic form
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 4000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
22 | 19 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Zhuang et al (2021). EGY3 mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis and promotes retrograde signaling in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 13;36(2):109384. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109384. PMID: 34260941.Wang et al. (2021). Brassinosteroids inhibit miRNA-mediated translational repression by decreasing AGO1 on the endoplasmic reticulum. J Integr Plant Biol. 2021 May 21. doi: 10.1111/jipb.13139. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34020507.Fesharaki-Esfahani et al. (2021) A highly efficient, thermo stable and broad pH adaptable copper-zinc super oxide dismutase (AmSOD1) mediates hydrogen peroxide tolerance in Avicennia marina,Phytochemistry,Volume 187,2021,112766,ISSN 0031-9422,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112766.Konkolewska et al. (2020). Combined use of companion planting and PGPR for the assisted phytoextraction of trace metals (Zn, Pb, Cd). Shinozaki et al. (2020). Autophagy Increases Zinc Bioavailability to Avoid Light-Mediated ROS Production under Zn Deficiency. Plant Physiol. 2020 Jan 15. pii: pp.01522.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01522.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
PsbTn (Tn protein of PSII) nuclear encoded protein involved in photosynthesis. Alternative names: photosystem II 5 kDa protein, chloroplastic, PSII-T, Nuclear encoded psbT.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Cicer arietinum, Glycine soja, Helianthus annuus, Medicago truncatula, Nicotiana attenuata, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana sylvestris, Noccaea caerulescens, Petunia hybrida, Populus trichocarpa, Solanum chacoense, Solanum tuberosum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana PsbTn protein sequence, UniProt:Q39195, TAIR: AT3G21055
LMW proteins can sometimes interfere with chlorophyll, but most chlorophyll can be removed by precipitating sample in acetone before loading on a gel.Protocol: Add acetone to final concentration of 80% ice-cold acetone. Leave 10 minutes. Spin. Rresuspend pellet in solubilisation buffer and load on a gel.
Application Details:
1: 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
11 | 5 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Chen et al. (2019). The Low Molecular Mass Photosystem II Protein PsbTn is Important for Light Acclimation. Plant Physiol. Apr;179(4):1739-1753. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.01251.
PsaA is a core protein of photosystem I. In plants and cyanobacteria, the primary step in oxygenic photosynthesis, the light induced charge separation, is driven bytwo large membrane intrinsic protein complexes, the photosystems I and II. Synonym: Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Immunogold localization has been done in leaf material of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Application Details:
1 : 20 (IG), 1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
82 | 55-60 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chromera velia
Selected references:
Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Lim et al (2022) Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Spaniol et al. (2022) Complexome profiling on the Chlamydomonas lpa2 mutant reveals insights into PSII biogenesis and new PSII associated proteins, Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 73, Issue 1, 5 January 2022, Pages 245–262Rogowski et al. (2021) Light as a substrate: migration of LHCII antennas in extended Michaelis-Menten model for PSI kinetics. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Dec;225:112336. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112336. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34736069.
Special application note:
PsaA is a hydrophobic protein and we recommend to use PVDF membrane for transfer to assure best results.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
HSP90C is a nuclear-encoded, chloroplast-targeted chaperone of the HSP90 family. It forms dimers that interact with HSP70B. HSP90C displays a weak ATPase activity that is inhibited by radicicol.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Ostreococcus sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
C-terminal 238 amino acids of HSP90C, Q66T67, expressed with N- and C-terminal hexahistidine tags in E. coli, purified with Ni-NTA
HSP90C protein is easily degraded and degradation products are detected by this antibody
Application Details:
1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
89 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Cvetkovska et al. (2022) A constitutive stress response is a result of low temperature growth in the Antarctic green alga Chlamydomonas sp. UWO241. Plant, Cell & Environment, 45, 156– 177. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14203Perlaza et al. (2019). The Mars1 kinase confers photoprotection through signaling in the chloroplast unfolded protein response. Elife. 2019 Oct 15;8. pii: e49577. doi: 10.7554/eLife.49577.Willmund & Schroda (2005). HSP90C is a bona-fide Hsp90 that interacts with plastidic HSP70B in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Phys. 138, 2310–2322.
HSP70B is a nuclear-encoded, chloroplast-targeted chaperone of the HSP70 family. It is the major HSP70 in the stroma of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplasts. It interacts with HSP90C, CGE1, CDJ2, and VIPP1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Cvetkovska et al. (2022) A constitutive stress response is a result of low temperature growth in the Antarctic green alga Chlamydomonas sp. UWO241. Plant, Cell & Environment, 45, 156– 177. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14203Gonzaga Heredia-Martinez et al. (2018). Chloroplast damage induced by the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis triggers autophagy in Chlamydomonas. Plant Physiol, Sept. 2018.Diaz-Troya et al. (2011). Inhibition of protein synthesis by TOR inactivation revealed a conserved regulatory mechanism of the BiP chaperone in Chlamydomonas. Plant Physiol, in press.
CGE1 is a nuclear-encoded, chloroplast-targeted co-chaperone of chloroplast HSP70B. It forms dimers that interact with HSP70B in the ADP-state.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
mature CGE1 protein of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: Q945T1, expressed with N-terminal hexahistidin tag in E. coli, purified with Ni-NTA
HSF1 is a key regulator of the stress response. It becomes hyperphosphorylated following heat shock (results in the shifting of the HSF1 protein to slightly higher MW) and HSF1 protein rapidly accumulates during heat stress. HSF1 appears to be constitutively present as high molecular weight complexes, presumably trimers. It also interacts with cytosolic HSP70A.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
C-terminal part of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii HSF1 (Exons 7 to 9), UniProt: A1YTN3
CDJ1 is one of three zinc-finger containing J domain proteins of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This protein is found in chloroplast. In spite that CDJ1 gene is heat shock inducible it does not reflect in increased CDJ1 protein levels. CDJ1 forms complexes with plastidic HSP90C,HSP70B and CGE1 and is a new cohort protein of the chloroplast multi-chaperone complex.DnaJ/Hsp40 (heat shock protein 40) proteins are highly conserved and play crucial roles in protein translation, folding, unfolding, translocation, and degradation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Ostreococcus sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
fusion protein encoding region for the Chlamydomonas rerinhardtii N-terminal part of CDJ1 Q66YD3, overexpressed in E.coli
Western blot has been done on 10-50 g load per well; immunoprecipitation has been done on 5-50 l
Application Details:
1, 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
40 | 40 kDa
Not reactive in:
Higher plants
Selected references:
Willmund et al (2008). The chloroplast DnaJ homolog CDJ1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is part of a multichaperone complex containing HSP70B, CGE1, and HSP90C. Plant Physiol. 148: 2070-2082.
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is the enzyme catalyzing the ascorbate-dependent reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Ascorbate (AA) plays a key role in defense against oxidative stress and is particularly abundant in fruits and photosynthetic tissues. AA is found in every compartment of the plant cell including the apoplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
B gue et al. (2019). CDC48 regulates ascorbate peroxidase in tobacco. J Exp Bot. 2019 Mar 1. pii: erz097. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz097.Wang et al. (2018). Resistance protein Pit interacts with the GEF OsSPK1 to activate OsRac1 and trigger rice immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Nov 16. pii: 201813058. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1813058115. Bal žov et al. (2018). Zinc oxide nanoparticles phytotoxicity on halophyte from genus Salicornia. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018 Sep;130:30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.013.Adhikari et al. (2018). Sulfate improves cadmium tolerance by limiting cadmium accumulation, modulation of sulfur metabolism and antioxidant defense system in maize. Environmental and Experimental Botany Volume 153, September 2018, Pages 143-162.Ferrer et al. (2018). Differential Pb tolerance in metallicolous and non-metallicolous Zygophyllum fabago populations involves the strengthening of the antioxidative pathways. Environ & Exp Botany, Vo. 150, June 2018, Pages 141-151.Aroca et al. (2015). S-sulfhydration: a new post-translational modification in plant systems. Plant Physiology March 2015 pp.00009.2015.Terrile et al. (2014). Nitric oxide-mediated cell death is triggered by chitosan in F. eumartii spores. Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Apr 25. doi: 10.1002/ps.3814.Tsaniklidis et al. (2013). L-Ascorbic acid metabolism in parthenocarpic and seeded cherry tomatoes. Plant Growth Regul,DOI 10.1007/s10725-013-9845-0. (Solanum lycopersicum, immunolocalization)
Glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) is an important enzyme for plant protection against environmental stress. It functions in plant defense reactions in the conversion of glutathione disulphide to reduced glutathione (GSH).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody will recognize the chloroplastic and cytoplasmic forms of the enzyme
Application Details:
2 g (IP), 1 : 1000 (IL), 1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
54 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Bekturova et al. (2021) APS reductase and sulfite oxidase regulate sulfite-induced water loss in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot. 2021 Jun 9:erab249. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab249. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34107028.Zhong et al. (2020). Proteomic Analysis of Irradiation with Millimeter Waves on Soybean Growth under Flooding Conditions. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 12;21(2). pii: E486. doi: 10.3390/ijms21020486.Ameri et al. (2020). Aluminium triggers oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the microalgae Scenedesmus sp. J Plant Physiol. 2020 Jan 15;246-247:153114. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153114.Zhong et al. (2019). Phosphoproteomics Reveals the Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites in Catharanthus roseus under Ultraviolet-B Radiation. J Proteome Res. 2019 Aug 7. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00267.Bal žov et al. (2018). Zinc oxide nanoparticles phytotoxicity on halophyte from genus Salicornia. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018 Sep;130:30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.013.
Galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) is the enzyme which catalyses last step of ascorbic acid (AA) synthesis in the mitochondria of plant cells. Alternative name: GaLDH
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Mitochondrial, membrane or meristematic fractions were shown to be richer in GLDH expression
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
68 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Chen et al. (2019). Composition of Mitochondrial Complex I during the Critical Node of Seed Aging in Oryza sativa. Journal of Plant Physiology Volume 236, May 2019, Pages 7-14.Schimmeyer et al. (2016). L-Galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase is an assembly factor of the membrane arm of mitochondrial complex I in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol Biol. 2016 Jan;90(1-2):117-26. doi: 10.1007/s11103-015-0400-4. Epub 2015 Oct 31.Ostaszewska-Bugajska et al. (2016). Changes in the OXPHOS system in leaf and root mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to long-term sulphur deficiency. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 38:141.Bartoli et al. (2005). Ascorbate content in wheat leaves is not determined by maximal L-galactono-1, 4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH) activity under drought stress. Plant Cell Environ 28:1073-1081.
Glutathione synthetase (GSH-S) catalyses the last step of glutathione (GSH) synthesis. GSH is synthesized in two ATP-dependent steps: in the first, gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma-EC) is synthesized from L-glutamate and cysteine, catalyzed by gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (g-ECS); in the second step, catalysed by GSH-S, glycine is added to the C-terminal end of gamma-EC. GSH is the predominant non-protein thiol in all nearly where it acts as an antioxidant in stress responses and as a mobile pool of reduced sulfur. It is also important in the regulation of plant growth and development
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Immunolocalization has been done for Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
45 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sun et a. (2019). Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism of the Hairy Roots of Brassica campestris L. in Response to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 26;21(1). pii: E180. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010180.Jayawardena et al. (2016). Elevated CO2 plus chronic warming reduces nitrogen uptake and levels or activities of nitrogen -uptake and -assimilatory proteins in tomato roots. Physiol Plant. 2016 Nov 28. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12532. [Epub ahead of print]Baojian et al. (2014). Maize (Zea mays L.) seedling leaf nuclear proteome and differentially expressed proteins between a hybrid and its parental lines. Proteomics, DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300147.Gomez et al. (2004) Intercellular distribution of glutathione synthesis in maize leaves and its response to short term chilling. Plant Physiol. 134: 1662-1671.
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Alfalfa, Solanum lycopersicum, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Triticum aestivum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from Zea mays SPS protein sequence (P31927).
Padhi et al. (2019). Distinct nodule and leaf functions of two different sucrose phosphate synthases in alfalfa. Planta (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03261-9.Kaur et al. (2019). Comparison of alfalfa plants overexpressing glutamine synthetase with those overexpressing sucrose phosphate synthase demonstrates a signaling mechanism integrating carbon and nitrogen metabolism between the leaves and nodules. Plant Direct, Volume3, Issue1, Jan 2019, e00115.Seger et al. (2014). Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS 1 ) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco. Planta. 2014 Sep 12.Rounis et al. (2014). Seeded and Parthenocarpic Cherry Tomato Fruits Exhibit Similar Sucrose, Glucose, and Fructose Levels, Despite Dissimilarities in UGPase and SPS Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity. J Plant Growth Regul. DOI 10.1007/s00344-014-9441-1. (immunolocalization)
Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase (gamma-ECS) (EC 6.3.2.2) catalyses the first step of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, producing gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma-EC) from L-glutamate and cysteine. In the second step, catalyzed by GSH-S, glycine is added to the C-terminal end of (gamma-EC). GSH is the predominant non-protein thiol in all nearly where it acts as an antioxidant in stress responses and as a mobile pool of reduced sulfur. It is also important in the regulation of plant growth and development.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Antibodies has been used in immunolocalization on Arabidopsis thaliana.
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (IL), 1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
50 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Shull et al. (2019). Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles induce autophagy and chloroplast degradation in thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Jul 29. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01648.Bal žov et al. (2018). Zinc oxide nanoparticles phytotoxicity on halophyte from genus Salicornia. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018 Sep;130:30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.013.Sobrino-Plata et al. (2014). Glutathione is a key antioxidant metabolite to cope with mercury and cadmium stress. Plant Soil, DOI 10.1007/s11104-013-2006-4.Ghanta et al. (2011). Nicotiana tabacum overexpressing γ-ECS exhibits biotic stress tolerance likely through NPR1-dependent salicylic acid-mediated pathway. Planta 233(5):895-910.
Ferritin is the major iron storage protein complex in eukaryotic cells, consisting of 24 ferritin subunit polypeptides. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 2 isoforms, ferritin1 (Fer1) and ferritin2 (Fer2) are present. Both are plastid localized but Fer1 is quantitatively recovered in soluble extracts of cells while Fer2 is found in the particulate fraction. Partial purification of the Fer1 complex indicates that the two ferritins are associated in distinct complexes and do not coassemble. The ratio of Fer1 to Fer2 in iron-replete cells is 70:1 and indicates a more dominant role of Fer1 in iron homeostasis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Fer2 protein sequence (A8WCT5) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
In angioperms the 20 kDa protein FT (coded by the gene flowering locus T) promotes flowering under long-day conditions. It has been shown to contribute to flowering initiation upon its expression in leafs followed by transport to apical meristems.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa
Expected Species:
Betula luminifera, Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, Eucalyptus sp., Hordeum vulgare, Jatropha curcas, Nicotiana tabacum, Persea americana var. americana, Populus tomentosa, Solanum tuberosum, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived fromA.thaliana FT protein sequence(Q9SXZ2, At1g65480); please note that this antibody will cross-react with the highly homologous TSF (twin sister of FT) protein
Note that detection for this product is limited by target threshold level
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
20 | 20 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Medicago truncatula, Pisum sativum
Selected references:
Nakamura et al. (2019). High-Resolution Crystal Structure of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T Illuminates Its Phospholipid-Binding Site in Flowering. iScience. 2019 Nov 22;21:577-586. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.045.Liang and Ow et al. (2019). Nucleocytoplasmic OXIDATIVE STRESS 2 can relocate FLOWERING LOCUS T. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Volume 517, Issue 4, 1 October 2019, Pages 735-740
Cytochrome c6 is known as a redox carrier of the thylakoid lumen of cyanobacteria and some eukaryotic algae that can substitute for plastocyanin in electron transfer.Cytochrome c6 is situated between the two membrane-bound complexes cytochrome b6f and photosystem I (PSI) in oxygenic photosynthesis.Cytochrome c6 (cyt c6) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is synthesized only under conditions of copper deficiency when plastocyanin cannot be synthesized.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Chlorella vulgaris, Cladophora glomerata, Pediastrum duplexSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
GST fusion of recombinant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cytochrome c6 A8J9G6
Note: antibody will work better with nitrocellulose than with PVDF membrane, Recommended load per well min, 6 g, Primary antibody incubation needs to be done over night, For detection image please refer to the reference below
Kropat et al. (2015). Copper economy in Chlamydomonas: Prioritized allocation and reallocation of copper to respiration vs. photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Feb 2. pii: 201422492.Merchant et al. (1998) Copper-Responsive Gene Expression in Photosynthetic Microorganisms. Methods in Enzymology 297:263-279.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid lumen for Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiThis product can be sold containing proclin if requested.
Plant NADH dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme is located in mitochondrial matrix. This enzyme is classified as an oxidoreductase and its function is to catalyze a reaction in the citric acid cycle, specifically the sequential dehydrogenation and decarboxylation of isocitrate to form a-ketoglutarate. It removes hydrogens from its substrate, isocitrate. In addition to this process, it functions as a decarboxylase, removing a CO2 from the six-carbon substrate to form a five-carbon product mentioned above as a-ketoglutarate. There are two forms of this enzyme NADP+ and NAD+ dependent.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Brachypodium distachyon, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Malus x domestica, Medicago truncatula, Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Theobroma cacao, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide 1 and peptide 2 conserved in all higher plants mitochondrial, NAD dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase subunits including Arabidopsis thaliana IDH-I Q8LFC0, At4g35260 and IDH-II P93032, At2g17130
Cellular [compartment marker] of mitochondrial matrix
Application Details:
1:400 (IF), 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
39 | 45 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Selected references:
Kolodziejczak et al. (2018). m-AAA Complexes Are Not Crucial for the Survival of Arabidopsis Under Optimal Growth Conditions Despite Their Importance for Mitochondrial Translation. Plant Cell Physiol. 2018 May 1;59(5):1006-1016. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcy041.Rurek et al. (2018). Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Diverse Cauliflower Cultivars under Mild and Severe Drought Involves Impaired Coordination of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Response and Regulation of Various Multifunctional Proteins. Preprints 2018, 2018010276 (doi: 10.20944/preprints201801.0276.v1).Fujii et al. (2016). The Restorer-of-fertility-like 2 pentatricopeptide repeat protein and RNase P are required for the processing of mitochondrial orf291 RNA in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2016 Jun;86(6):504-13. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13185.Yin et al. (2016). Comprehensive Mitochondrial Metabolic Shift during the Critical Node of Seed Ageing in Rice. PLoS One. 2016 Apr 28;11(4):e0148013. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148013. eCollection 2016.Rurek et al. (2015). Biogenesis of mitochondria in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) curds subjected to temperature stress and recovery involves regulation of the complexome, respiratory chain activity, organellar translation and ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jan 21. pii: S0005-2728(15)00016-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.01.005.
Special application note:
Peptide used to elicit this antibody is not conserved in NADPH dependent anzymes, partially conserved across eukaryotic Idh subunits, Some conservation across bacterial which contain the NAD-dependent form of Idh (as opposed to the NADP-dependent form)
One of the several classes of mitochondrial proteases is membrane bound, ATPdependent FtsH protease. Their function is very important for the control of protein quality and quantity by degradation of unassembled subunits. Other names: AtFtsH3, cell division protease ftsH homolog 3, mitochondrial, AtFtsH10, cell division protease ftsH homolog 10, mitochondrial
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide dereived from sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana FtsH3 and FtsH10 with localization to mitochondria Q84WU8, At2g29080 and Q8VZI8, At1g07510
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kolodziejczak et al. (2018). m-AAA Complexes Are Not Crucial for the Survival of Arabidopsis Under Optimal Growth Conditions Despite Their Importance for Mitochondrial Translation. Plant Cell Physiol. 2018 May 1;59(5):1006-1016. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcy041.Piechota et al. (2010). Identification and characetization of high-molecular-weight complexes fromed by m-AAA proteases and prohibitins in mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 23;285(17):12512-21. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.063644.
Special application note:
Blue-native (2D BN/SDS-PAGE) methodology is described in Piechota et al. 2010
One of the several classes of mitochondrial proteases is membrane bound, ATPdependent FtsH protease. Their function is very important for the control of protein quality and quantity by degradation of unassembled subunits. Synonyme: cell division protease ftsH homolog 4, mitochondrial
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
Expected Species:
Brassica sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana FtsH4 UniProt: O80983, TAIR: At2g26140
Opalińska et al. (2017). Identification of Physiological Substrates and Binding Partners of the Plant Mitochondrial Protease FTSH4 by the Trapping Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Nov 18;18(11). pii: E2455. doi: 10.3390/ijms18112455.Dolzblasz et al. (2016). The mitochondrial protease AtFTSH4 safeguards Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem function. Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 20;6:28315. doi: 10.1038/srep28315.Rurek et al. (2015). Biogenesis of mitochondria in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) curds subjected to temperature stress and recovery involves regulation of the complexome, respiratory chain activity, organellar translation and ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jan 21. pii: S0005-2728(15)00016-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.01.005.Zhang et al. (2014). Perturbation of auxin homeostasis caused by mitochondrial FtSH4 gene-mediated peroxidase accumulation regulates Arabidopsis architechture. Mol Plant. 2014 Jan 30.Kwasniak et al. (2013). Silencing of the Nuclear RPS10 Gene Encoding Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein Alters Translation in Arabidiopsis Mitochondria. Plant Cell, May 30.
Dehydrins are stress proteins involved in formation of plant protective reactions against dehydration. They are normally synthesized in maturating seeds during their dessication, as well as in vegetative tissues of plants treated with abscisic acid or exposed to environmental stress factors that result in cellular dehydration.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Pisum sativum, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Populus sp., Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide sequence TGEKKGIMDKIKEKLPGQH of K-segment conserved in a wide range of plant species
According to Borovskii et al. 2019, dehydrin detection level can be increased by obtaining a thermostable fraction.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile, deionized water
Molecular Weight:
9-200 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
V t mv s et al. (2021) Relationship between WCS120 Protein Family Accumulation and Frost Tolerance in Wheat Cultivars Grown under Different Temperature Treatments. Plants (Basel). 2021 May 31;10(6):1114. doi: 10.3390/plants10061114. PMID: 34073120; PMCID: PMC8228299.Kartashov et al. (2021) Quantitative analysis of differential dehydrin regulation in pine and spruce seedlings under water deficit. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Mar 3;162:237-246. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.040. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33706184.Vazquez-Hernandez et al. (2020). Functional characterization of VviDHN2 and VviDHN4 dehydrin isoforms from Vitis vinifera (L.): An in silico and in vitro approach. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Jan;158:146-157. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.003. Epub 2020 Dec 4. PMID: 33310482.Rachenko and Rachenko (2020). The variation of the content of dehydrin proteins in the bark of Malus app. trees differing in winter hardinessin Southern Cisbaikalia conditions . Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 107, No. 2 (2020), p. 185–190 DOI 10.13080/z-a.2020.107.024.Lv et al. (2018). Characterization of Dehydrin protein, CdDHN4-L and CdDHN4-S, and their differential protective roles against abiotic stress in vitro. BMC Plant Biol. 2018 Nov 26;18(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12870-018-1511-2.
Dehydrins are stress proteins involved in formation of plant protective reactions against dehydration. They are normally synthesized in maturating seeds during their dessication, as well as in vegetative tissues of plants treated with abscisic acid or exposed to environmental stress factors that result in cellular dehydration.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Brassica oleracea, Cucumis sativus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Pinus sylvestris, Pistacia vera
Expected Species:
Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Pisum sativum, Populus sp., Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide sequence TGEKKGIMDKIKEKLPGQH of K-segment conserved in a wide range of plant species
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile, deionized water
Molecular Weight:
9-200 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
ZamaniBahramabadi et al. (2019). Dehydrin Content in Fresh and Desiccated Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Seeds. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science, pp 1–7.Szegő et al. (2019). Diverse responsiveness of dehydrin genes to abscisic acid and water stress treatments in cucumber F1 cultivar hybrids. The J of Horticult Science and Biotechnology. June 2019. Go i et al. (2018). Ascophyllum nodosum extract biostimulants and their role in enhancing tolerance to drought stress in tomato plants. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018 May;126:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.024.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, are induced in response to the infection of plants with microbial pathogens. Combinations of glucanase I and chitinase I are potent inhibitors of fungal growth in vitro however precise mechanism of that is still not known. Glucanase I (PR-2) and chitinase I (PR-3) contribute to defense against fungal infection and are currently used as markers for innate immunity, and in particular the ethylene/jasmonate signalling pathway in pathogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arabidopsis thaliana, Manihot esculenta, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified tobacco class I chitinase. The preparation used is a mixture of two class I isoforms (Shinshi et al., 1990; van Buuren et al., 1992): 1) Chitinase A (CHN A) P08252 encoded by gene chn48 derived from the N. tomentosiformis ancestor of tobacco. 2) Chitinase B (CHN B) P24091 encoded by gene chn50 derived from the N. sylvestris ancestor of tobacco.
Applications:
Co-Immunoprecipitation (IP) (Co-IP), Immunolocalization (IL), Western blot (WB)
Important note: For blocking 5 % skim milk in PBS without Ca++ should be used,This antibody is purified by affinity chromarography on Portein G
Application Details:
8 g/ml (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
35, 34 | 32 and 34 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Mansilla et al. (2020).- Characterization of functionalized bentonite as nanocarrier of salicylic acid with protective action against Pseudomonas syringae in tomato plants. Eur J Plant Pathol 158, 211?222 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02067-wColman et al. (2019). Chitosan microparticles improve tomato seedling biomass and modulate hormonal, redox and defense pathways. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Volume 143, October 2019, Pages 203-211. Kumari et al. (2017), Overexpression of a Plasma Membrane Bound Na+/H+ Antiporter-Like Protein (SbNHXLP) Confers Salt Tolerance and Improves Fruit Yield in Tomato by Maintaining Ion Homeostasis. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jan 6;7:2027. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02027.Jespersen et al. (2017). Metabolic Effects of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl for Improving Heat or Drought Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 11;8:1224. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01224. eCollection 2017. (western blot, Agostis stolonifera cv. ?Penncross?)Ko et al. (2016). Constitutive expression of a fungus-inducible carboxylesterase improves disease resistance in transgenic pepper plants. Planta. 2016 Aug; 244(2):379-92. doi: 10.1007/s00425-016-2514-6. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Special application note:
Antibody is recognizing closely related tobacco class I isoforms: endochitinase A CHN-A (ca. 34 kDa) and endochitinase B CHN-B (ca. 32 kDa)This antibody can be used as a marker of vacuolar contents Keefe et al. (1990). The effect of ethylene on the cell-type-specific and intracellular localization of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in tobacco leave. Plant 182: 43-51.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, are induced in response to the infection of plants with microbial pathogens. Combinations of glucanase I and chitinase I are potent inhibitors of fungal growth in vitro however precise mechanism of that is still not known. Glucanase I and chitinase I contribute to defense against fungal infection and are currently used as markers for innate immunity, and in particular the ethylene/jasmonate signalling pathway in pathogenesis. Alternative names of the protein: basic beta-1,3-glucanase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Dicots, Oryza sativa, Prunus persicaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified tobacco class I, basic -1,3-glucanase. Purified GLU I consists of a mixture of closely related polypeptides encoded by a family of GLU I genes comprising GLA B5APL3 derived from the sylvestris ancestor of tobacco, GLB P27666 derived from the tomentosiformis ancestor of tobacco and homeologous recombinants (Sperisen et al., 1991). Mature GLU I is processed from a pre-pro-polypeptide (Shinshi et al., 1988).
Important note: for blocking 5 % skim milk in PBS without Ca++ should be used.This antibody is purified by affinity chromarography on Portein G.
Application Details:
8 g/ml (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG in PBS pH 7.4. (without Ca++).
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
37 | 33 kDa
Not reactive in:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Selected references:
Li et al. (2021) Penicillium chrysogenum polypeptide extract protects Nicotiana benthamiana against TMV infection through modulation of ABA biosynthesis and callose priming. J Exp Bot. 2021 Mar 4:erab102. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab102. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33687058. (Immunolocalization)Colman et al. (2019). Chitosan microparticles improve tomato seedling biomass and modulate hormonal, redox and defense pathways. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. Volume 143, October 2019, Pages 203-211. Martin-Saladana et al. (2018). Salicylic acid loaded chitosan microparticles applied to lettuce seedlings: Recycling shrimp fishing industry waste. Carbohydrate Polymers Volume 200, 15 November 2018, Pages 321-331.Wang et al. (2014). Elicitation of Hypersensitive Responses in Nicotiana glutinosa by the Suppressor of RNA Silencing Protein P0 from Poleroviruses. Mol Plant Pathol. 2014 Sep 4. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12201.Huey-wen et al. (2014). Harpin Protein, an Elicitor of Disease Resistance, Acts as a Growth Promoter in Phalaenopsis Orchids. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation May 2014.
Special application note:
For more details on immunolocalization, please referr to Keefe et al (1990). Plant 182: 43-51.This antibody can be used as a marker of vacuolar contents Keefe et al. (1990). The effect of ethylene on the cell-type-specific and intracellular localization of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in tobacco leave. Plant 182: 43-51.
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores. Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Amount of mitochondrial fraction detected by anti-VDAC1 antibody was from 2-10 g.Immunolocalization method description and images are available hereBlue-native (2D BN/SDS-PAGE) methodology is described in Piechota et al. 2010
Belykh et al. (2022) Responses of genes of DNA repair, alternative oxidase, and pro-/antioxidant state in Arabidopsis thaliana with altered expression of AOX1a to gamma irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 2022;98(1):60-68. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2022.1998712. Epub 2021 Nov 11. PMID: 34714725.Li et al. (2021) Isolation and comparative proteomic analysis of mitochondria from the pulp of ripening citrus fruit. Hortic Res. 2021 Feb 1;8(1):31. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00470-w. PMID: 33518707; PMCID: PMC7848011.Tarasenko et al. (2020). Plant mitochondrial subfractions have different ability to import DNA. Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol. doi.org/10.1007/s40626-020-00167-wGarmash et al. (2020). Altered levels of AOX1a expression result in changes in metabolic pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana plants acclimated to low dose rates of ultraviolet B radiation. Plant Sci. 2020 Feb;291:110332. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110332.Bai et al. (2019). Overexpression of soybean GmPLD? enhances seed oil content and modulates fatty acid composition in transgenic Arabidopsis. Plant Science Volume 290, January 2020, 110298.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of mitochondrial outer membrane for western blot,
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores. Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Amount of mitochondrial fraction detected by anti-VDAC1 antibody was from 2-10 g.Immunolocalization method description and images are available hereBlue-native (2D BN/SDS-PAGE) methodology is described in Piechota et al. 2010
Application Details:
1 : 500 (IL), 1 : 5000, 2-30 g protein/lane (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to ALP.
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores. Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°Cfor 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Amount of mitochondrial fraction detected by anti-VDAC1 antibody was from 2-10 g.Immunolocalization method description and images are available hereBlue-native (2D BN/SDS-PAGE) methodology is described in Piechota et al. 2010
Application Details:
1 : 500 (IL), 1 : 2000, 2-30 g protein/lane (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to biotin.
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