GRF (General regulatory factor 2) or 14.3.3 's are 30KDa proteins involved in protein interactions with target proteins containing phosphorylated target sites. Functions of 14.3.3 's include acting as adaptors or scaffolds, stimulating protein-protein interaction, altering target protein activity, causing conformational changes of target proteins, regulating subcellular localisation and also facilitating transport (for example nuclear import/export and transport in the endomembrane system). A variety of apparently unrelated biological activities, including a role in development and signal transduction - brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Application Details:
1: 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
20-28 kDa (depending upon an isoform)
Not reactive in:
This antibody does not bind to 14-3-3-like protein D of Nicotiana tabacum.
Selected references:
Guo et al. (2022) Acetylproteomics analyses reveal critical features of lysine-?-acetylation in Arabidopsis and a role of 14-3-3 protein acetylation in alkaline response. Stress Biology 2, 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44154-021-00024-z. (immunoprecipitation)Kumari et al. (2021) In-depth assembly of organ and development dissected Picrorhiza kurroa proteome map using mass spectrometry. BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Dec 22;21(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03394-8. PMID: 34937558; PMCID: PMC8693493.Dongxu et al. (2020). Magnesium reduces cadmium accumulation by decreasing the nitrate reductase-mediated nitric oxide production in Panax notoginseng roots. Journal of Plant Physiology. Available online 7 February 2020, 153131Gupta and Shaw (2020). Biochemical and molecular characterisations of salt tolerance components in rice varieties tolerant and sensitive to NaCl: the relevance of Na+ exclusion in salt tolerance in the species . Funct Plant Biol. 2020 Jul 30.doi: 10.1071/FP20089 Pertl-Obermeyer et al. (2018). Dissecting the subcellular membrane proteome reveals enrichment of H+ (co-)transporters and vesicle trafficking proteins in acidic zones of Chara internodal cells. PLoS One. 2018 Aug 29;13(8):e0201480. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201480.
Special application note:
This antibody is recognizing recombiant GRF of Lilium longiflorum Lil1433_0 accession: AF191746, Lil1433_2, accession: EF397608 and recombinant GRF1,2,3,5 and 6 of Arabidopsis thaliana: GRF1 14-3-3 chi (At4g09000.1), GRF2 14-3-3 omega (At1g78300.1), GRF3 14-3-3 psi (At5g38480.1), GRF5 14-3-3 upsilon (At5g16050.1), GRF6 14-3-3 lambda (At5g10450.2), GRF8 14-3-3 kappa (At5g65430.1), GRF11 14-3-3 omicron (At1g34760.1).There is also very weak reaction to Physcomitrella patens Pp14-3-3 Pp1s 73_133V6 (closest homolog to AtGRF6) and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cr 14-3-3 Cre 12.g559250 (closest homolog to AtGRF6).
ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. F-type ATPases have two components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. The gamma chain is believed to be important in regulating ATPase activity and the flow of protons through the CF(0) complex. Alternative name of gamma subunit is also: F-ATPase gamma subunit.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Apparent molecular weight of subunit gamma (and as general rule most of ATP synthase subunits) is quite different between Chlamydomonas (42 kDa) and higher plants (38 kDa in spinach), see figure in Lemaire et al. (1989).
Application Details:
1: 1000 (ELISA), 1: 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction bufferSecondary antibodies
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Storti et al. (2020). The activity of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex influences the photosynthetic activity of the moss Physcomitrella patens. doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.924597Pralon et al. (2019). Plastoquinone homoeostasis by Arabidopsis proton gradient regulation 6 is essential for photosynthetic efficiency. Commun Biol. 2019 Jun 20;2:220. doi: 10.1038/s42003-019-0477-4.Li et al. (2019). A genome-wide algal mutant library and functional screen identifies genes required for eukaryotic photosynthesis. Nat Genet. 2019 Apr;51(4):627-635. doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0370-6.Liang et al. (2018). Thylakoid-Bound Polysomes and a Dynamin-Related Protein, FZL, Mediate Critical Stages of the Linear Chloroplast Biogenesis Program in Greening Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Plant Cell. 2018 Jul;30(7):1476-1495. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00972. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
BiP2 (Binding immunoglobulin protein) is localized in endoplasmic reticulum lumen (ER) and plays a role in protein assembly inside ER, BiP protein is abundant under all growth conditions but its synthesis can increase under conditions that lead to the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
BiP2 (Binding immunoglobulin protein) is localized in endoplasmic reticulum lumen (ER) and plays a role in protein assembly inside ER, BiP protein is abundant under all growth conditions but its synthesis can increase under conditions that lead to the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
BiP2 (Binding immunoglobulin protein) is localized in endoplasmic reticulum lumen (ER) and plays a role in protein assembly inside ER, BiP protein is abundant under all growth conditions but its synthesis can increase under conditions that lead to the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Clathrin is a protein involved in intracellular trafficking and plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles, It consists of three clathrin heavy chains and three light chains, Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) selectively sort cargo at the cell membrane, trans-Golgi network, and endosomal compartments for multiple membrane traffic pathways,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Amborella trichopoda, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Citrus aurantium var, sinensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Glycine max, Chlorella variabilis, Leucaena glauca, Lotus japonicus, Medicago tribuloides, Mimulus guttatus, Musa malaccensis, Oryza sativa, Panicum italicum, Physcomitrella patens, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Populus balsamifera, Ricinus communis, Selaginella moellendorffii, Sisymbrium salsugineum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from available plant clathrin heavy chain sequences including Arabidopsis thaliana clathrin heavy chain 1 UniProt: Q0WNJ6, TAIR:At3g11130, clathrin heavy chain 2 UniProt: Q0WLB5,TAIR:At3g08530
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
Please, note that fresh samples will provide better restuls (see image below),
Clathrin is a protein involved in intracellular trafficking and plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles, It consists of three clathrin heavy chains and three light chains, Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) selectively sort cargo at the cell membrane, trans-Golgi network, and endosomal compartments for multiple membrane traffic pathways,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Amborella trichopoda, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Citrus aurantium var, sinensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Glycine max, Chlorella variabilis, Leucaena glauca, Lotus japonicus, Medicago tribuloides, Mimulus guttatus, Musa malaccensis, Oryza sativa, Panicum italicum, Physcomitrella patens, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Populus balsamifera, Ricinus communis, Selaginella moellendorffii, Sisymbrium salsugineum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from available plant clathrin heavy chain sequences including Arabidopsis thaliana clathrin heavy chain 1 UniProt: Q0WNJ6, TAIR:At3g11130, clathrin heavy chain 2 UniProt: Q0WLB5,TAIR:At3g08530
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
Please, note that fresh samples will provide better restuls (see image below),
Clathrin is a protein involved in intracellular trafficking and plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles, It consists of three clathrin heavy chains and three light chains, Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) selectively sort cargo at the cell membrane, trans-Golgi network, and endosomal compartments for multiple membrane traffic pathways,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Amborella trichopoda, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Citrus aurantium var, sinensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Glycine max, Chlorella variabilis, Leucaena glauca, Lotus japonicus, Medicago tribuloides, Mimulus guttatus, Musa malaccensis, Oryza sativa, Panicum italicum, Physcomitrella patens, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Populus balsamifera, Ricinus communis, Selaginella moellendorffii, Sisymbrium salsugineum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from available plant clathrin heavy chain sequences including Arabidopsis thaliana clathrin heavy chain 1 UniProt: Q0WNJ6, TAIR:At3g11130, clathrin heavy chain 2 UniProt: Q0WLB5,TAIR:At3g08530
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
Please, note that fresh samples will provide better restuls (see image below),
Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase is an enzyme in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. This isoform is encoded by a single nuclear gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The abundance of the protein increases in copper deficient cells. The protein is localized to the chloroplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Physcomitrium patens
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Immunogen:
Residues 32-366 from mature coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, isoform CPX1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii fused to TrxA Q9S7V1
Algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
41,4 | 38 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Lang et al. (2011).Simultaneous isolation of pure and intact chloroplasts and mitochondria from moss as the basis for sub-cellular proteomics. Plant Cell Rep. Feb;30(2):205-15. (reactivity confirmed for Physcomitrella patens).Quinn et al. (1999) Induction of Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase in Chlamydomonas Chloroplasts Occurs via Transcriptional Regulation of Cpx1 Mediated by Copper-Response Elements and Increased Translation from a Copper-Deficiency-Specific Form of the Transcript. J. Biol. Chem. 274:14444-14454.
CSP41b (CRB, RAP38 ortholog, gb5f) is a chloroplast stem-loop-binding, ribosome-associated endonuclease. This protein is involved in 23S rRNA metabolism and highly conserved in photosynthetic organisms including angio- and gymnosperms, green algae, and cyanobacteria.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Lang et al. (2011).Simultaneous isolation of pure and intact chloroplasts and mitochondria from moss as the basis for sub-cellular proteomics. Plant Cell Rep. Feb;30(2):205-15. (reactivity confirmed for Physcomitrella patens).Beligni & Mayfield (2008). Arabidopsis thaliana mutants reveal a role for CSP41a and CSP41b, two ribosome-associated endonucleases, in chloroplast ribosomal RNA metabolism. Plant Mol Biol. 67:389-401.Hassidim et al. (2007). Mutations in CHLOROPLAST RNA BINDING provide evidence for the involvement of the chloroplast in the regulation of the circadian clock in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 51:551-562.
Multi-subunit complex of cytb6/f is a crucial component for the photosynthetic electron transport chain of higher plants, green algae and cyanobacteria. This complex is catalyzing oxidation of quinols and the reduction the reduction of plastocyanin. This reaction allows to establish the proton force required for the ATP synthesis. Four major subunits build the complex: the petA gene product corresponding to a c-type cytochrome (cytf), the petB gene product corresponding to a b-type/c '-type cytochrome with three haems (cyt b6), the petD gene product (subunit IV, or suIV), and the petC gene product, corresponding to the Rieske/Iron/sulfur protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Reaction with cyanobacteria: Synechocystis 6803 and Synechococcus 7942 possible to obtain on total cell extract when using antibody at 1: 500 and longer exposure time.
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 50 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant and algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
34 | 31-32 kDa
Selected references:
Redekop et al. (2020). PsbS Contributes to Photoprotection in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Independently of Energy Dissipation . Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg . 2020 Jun 1;1861(5-6):148183.doi: 10.1016Liu et al. (2020). Acid treatment combined with high light leads to increased removal efficiency of Ulva prolifera. Algal Research,Volume 45, January 2020, 101745Storti et al. (2020). The activity of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex influences the photosynthetic activity of the moss Physcomitrella patens. doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.924597Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyllÃ? bÃ? inÃ? Nannochloropsis salinaÃ? enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels.Ã? 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Dall'Osto et al. (2019). Combined resistance to oxidative stress and reduced antenna size enhance light-to-biomass conversion efficiency in Chlorella vulgaris cultures.Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Sep 16;12:221. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1566-9.Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658. Storti et al. (2018). Role of cyclic and pseudo-cyclic electron transport in response to dynamic light changes in Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Nov 29. doi: 10.1111/pce.13493.Kong et al. (2018) Interorganelle Communication: Peroxisomal MALATE DEHYDROGENASE2 Connects Lipid Catabolism to Photosynthesis through Redox Coupling in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Aug;30(8):1824-1847. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00361Jokel et al. (2018). Hunting the main player enabling Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth under fluctuating light. Plant J. 2018 Mar 25. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13897.Du et al. (2018). Galactoglycerolipid Lipase PGD1 Is Involved in Thylakoid Membrane Remodeling in Response to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 2018 Feb;30(2):447-465. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00446.Schöttler et al. (2017). The plastid-encoded PsaI subunit stabilizes photosystem I during leaf senescence in tobacco. J Exp Bot.Ã? 2017 Feb 1;68(5):1137-1155. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx009.Zou et al. (2017). An Animal-Like Cryptochrome Controls the Chlamydomonas Sexual Cycle. Plant Physiol. 2017 Jul;174(3):1334-1347. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.00493.Georg et al. (2017). Acclimation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis to Iron Starvation Is Controlled by the sRNA IsaR1. Curr Biol. 2017 May 22;27(10):1425-1436.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.010. (Synechocystis PCC6803) Tyuereva et al. (2017). The absence of chlorophyll b affects lateral mobility of photosynthetic complexes and lipids in grana membranes of Arabidopsis and barley chlorina mutants. Photosynth Res. 2017 Apr 5. doi: 10.1007/s11120-017-0376-9. (Hordeum vulgare, western blot)Ferroni et al. (2016). Light acclimation in the lycophyte Selaginella martensii depends on changes in the amount of photosystems and on the flexibility of the light-harvesting complex II antenna association with both photosystems. New Phytol. 2016 Apr 5. doi: 10.1111/nph.13939.Suorsa et al. (2015). Light acclimation involves dynamic re-organisation of the pigment-protein megacomplexes in non-appressed thylakoid domains. Plant J. 2015 Aug 29. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13004.Charuvi et al. (2015). Photoprotection Conferred by Changes in Photosynthetic Protein Levels and Organization during Dehydration of a Homoiochlorophyllous Resurrection Plant. Plant Physiol. 2015 Apr;167(4):1554-65. doi: 10.1104/pp.114.255794.Hojka et al. (2014). Inducible repression of nuclear-encoded subunits of the cytochrome b6f complex in tobacco reveals an extraordinarily long lifetime of the complex. Plant Physiol. 2014 Jun 24. pii: pp.114.243741.Dang et al. (2014). Combined Increases in Mitochondrial Cooperation and Oxygen Photoreduction Compensate for Deficiency in Cyclic Electron Flow in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Cell. 2014 Jul 2. pii: tpc.114.126375.
The light-harvesting protein Lhca1 is one of the four main and highly conserved types of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Lhca1-4) of the light harvesting antenna (LHCI) of plant photosystem I. Lhca1 is imported as a precursor from the cytosol into the chloroplast. Upon insertion into the thylakoid membrane Lhca1 forms a heterodimer (LHCI-730) with Lhca4 that associates with the PSI core close to PsaG and PsaF.A biochemical characterization of the plant LHCI antenna can be found in Klimmek et al. (2005) The structure of the higher plant light harvesting complex I: in vivo characterization and structural interdependence of the Lhca proteins. Biochemistry 44: 3065-3073
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca1 protein of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q01667, TAIR: At3g54890. This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca1 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction bufferSecondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
25.99 | 22 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Harchouni et al. (2022) Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation inhibits chloroplast gene expression and promotes super grana formation in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. New Phytol. 2022;236(1):86-98. doi:10.1111/nph.18320Espinoza-Corral & Lundquist. (2022) The plastoglobule-localized protein AtABC1K6 is a Mn2+-dependent kinase necessary for timely transition to reproductive growth. J Biol Chem. 2022 Apr;298(4):101762. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101762. Epub 2022 Feb 22. PMID: 35202657; PMCID: PMC8956952.Sarvari et al. (2022). Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of thylakoid complexes separated by Blue Native PAGE. Plant Methods. 2022 Mar 3;18(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00858-2. PMID: 35241118; PMCID: PMC8895881.Xiong et al. (2022) a chloroplast nucleoid protein of bacterial origin linking chloroplast transcriptional and translational machineries, is required for proper chloroplast gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jun 23;50(12):6715-34. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac501. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35736138; PMCID: PMC9262611.Kumari et al. (2021) In-depth assembly of organ and development dissected Picrorhiza kurroa proteome map using mass spectrometry. BMC Plant Biol. 2021 Dec 22;21(1):604. doi: 10.1186/s12870-021-03394-8. PMID: 34937558; PMCID: PMC8693493.
Special application note:
Antibody format is a total IgG fraction, which means that it is a pool of polyclonal antibodies obtained by purification of serum on Protein G, not on a specific antigen column.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Lhca5 is a low abundant chlorophyll a/b-binding protein that has been found to associate with Photoystem I in sub-stoechiometric amounts. Unlike the four main Lhca-types (Lhca1-4) Lhca5 seems to be able to associate with PSI or the LHCI at varying positions. The regulation pattern for the expressino of the Lhca5 gene differs from the standard Lhc pattern as expression seems to be positively regulated under light and cold stress conditions.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from the Lhca5 protein of Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g45474). This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca5 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms. UniProt: Q9C639, TAIR: At1g45474
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).Urea is not recommended to use in extraction buffer and in a gel, when working with this antibody.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
27.8 | 23 for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Physcomitrella patens
Selected references:
Myouga et al. (2018). Stable accumulation of photosystem II requires ONE-HELIX PROTEIN1 (OHP1) of the light harvesting-like family. Plant Physiol. 2018 Feb 1. pii: pp.01782.2017. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01782.Qin et al. (2014). Isolation and characterization of a PSI-LHCI super-complex and its sub-complexes from a siphonaceous marine green alga, Bryopsis Corticulans. Photosynth Res. 2014 Sep 12.
Special application note:
More information on the Lhca5 localization within the LHCI antenna can be found in Lucinski et al. (2006) Lhca5 interaction with plant photosystem I. FEBS Letters 580:6485-6488
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photosynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. Lhcb1 is the most abundant chlorophyll a/b-binding protein in eukaryotic phototrophs and often is coded by several nuclear genes.A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1-3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467-9476
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Lhcb1 Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction bufferSecondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
28 | 25 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Picea abies
Selected references:
Harchouni et al. (2022) Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation inhibits chloroplast gene expression and promotes super grana formation in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. New Phytol. 2022;236(1):86-98. doi:10.1111/nph.18320Gao Y et al. (2022) Chloroplast translational regulation uncovers nonessential photosynthesis genes as key players in plant cold acclimation. Plant Cell. 2022 Apr 26;34(5):2056-2079. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koac056. PMID: 35171295; PMCID: PMC9048916.Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Medina-Puche et al (2021). Protocol for evaluating protein relocalization from the plasma membrane to chloroplasts. STAR Protoc. 2021 Sep 14;2(4):100816. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100816. PMID: 34585156; PMCID: PMC8450296.Chen, Liu & Liu (2021) Loss-Function of EGY1 Results in Photosynthesis Damage through Reducing Stability of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis thaliana. Russ J Plant Physiol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443721060029
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photsynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. While Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 are quite similar and regularily present in multiple gene-copies, the Lhcb3 protein differs in pigment-composition and molecular size and often is coded by only a single gene. Lhcb3 seems not to be present in the mobile LHCII trimers involved in state 1-state 2 transitions. A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1-3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467-9476.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a highly conserved sequence of Lhcb3 proteins from angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms, including Arabidopsis thaliana Lhcb3 UniProt: Q9S7M0,TAIR:AT5G54270. This sequence is highly conserved even in Ginko biloba and one of the major LHCII-forms of Physcomitrella patens.
Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction bufferSecondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
28.7 | 26 kDa for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
von Bismarck et al. (2021) Light acclimation interacts with thylakoid ion transport to govern the dynamics of photosynthesis. Research Square; 2021. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-948381/v1.Wu et al. (2021). Formation of light-harvesting complex (LHC) II aggregates from LHCII-PSI-LHCI complexes in rice plants under high light. J Exp Bot. 2021 May 3:erab188. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab188. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33939808.Wojtowicz et al. (2020). Compensation Mechanism of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis thaliana ch1 Mutants. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28;22(1):221. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010221. PMID: 33379339; PMCID: PMC7794896.Koh et al. (2019). Heterologous synthesis of chlorophyll b in Nannochloropsis salina enhances growth and lipid production by increasing photosynthetic efficiency. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 May 14;12:122. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1462-3. eCollection 2019.Furukawa et al. (2019). Formation of a PSI-PSII megacomplex containing LHCSR and PsbS in the moss Physcomitrella patens. J Plant Res https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-019-01138-2.
Special application note:
Antibody format is a total IgG fraction, which means that it is a pool of polyclonal antibodies obtained by purification of serum on Protein G, not on a specific antigen column.
LHCb9 (Light-harvesting complex) LHCb9, is an antenna protein that bears an overall sequence similarity to photosystem II antenna proteins but carries a specific motif typical of photosystem I antenna proteins.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Physcomitrium patens
Expected Species:
Physcomitrium patens
Immunogen:
Recombinant LHCb9.1 protein from Pyschomitrella patens, Pp1s23_96V6 (phytozome), overexpressed in E.coli
This antibody will recognize both recombinant LHCb9,1 and LHCb9,2 isoforms with similar affinity
Application Details:
1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant and algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
29,3 | 26 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Harchouni et al. (2022) Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation inhibits chloroplast gene expression and promotes super grana formation in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens. New Phytol. 2022;236(1):86-98. doi:10.1111/nph.18320Alboresi et al. (2011). A red-shifted antenna protein associated with photosystem II in Physcomitrella patens. J Biol Chem. 2011 Aug 19;286(33):28978-87. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.226126. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
LhcSR1 (Stress-related chlorophyll a/b binding protein 1) plays a role in an efficient enery dissipation process, called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Physcomitrium patens
Expected Species:
Chlorella variabilis, Volvox carteri
Immunogen:
Recombinant LHCSR of Physcomitrella patens, overexpressed in E.coli, UniProt: A9TED6 and Pp1s213_80V6 (phytozome)
Algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
23 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Furukawa et al. (2019). Formation of a PSI-PSII megacomplex containing LHCSR and PsbS in the moss Physcomitrella patens. J Plant Res https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-019-01138-2.Pinnola at al. (2015). Light-Harvesting Complex Stress-Related Proteins Catalyze Excess Energy Dissipation in Both Photosystems of Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell. 2015 Nov;27(11):3213-27. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00443. Epub 2015 Oct 27.
Special application note:
This product can be sold contiaing ProClin if requested.
LHCSR3 (Stress-related chlorophyll a/b binding protein 3) plays a role in an efficient enery dissipation process, called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Bohmer et al. (2023) Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutants deficient for Old Yellow Enzyme 3 exhibit increased photooxidative stress. Plant Direct. 2023;7(1):e480. Published 2023 Jan 15. doi:10.1002/pld3.480Cazzaniga et al. (2022). Engineering astaxanthin accumulation reduces photoinhibition and increases biomass productivity under high light in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod. 2022 Jul 11;15(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13068-022-02173-3. PMID: 35820961; PMCID: PMC9277849.Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366-371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Roach et al. (2020). The non-photochemical quenching protein LHCSR3 prevents oxygen-dependent photoinhibition in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Exp Bot. 2020 Jan 16. pii: eraa022. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa022.
NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit 2 is involved in the transfer of electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. Alternative names: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, subunit 2, NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit 2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Penzler et al. (2022) Commonalities and specialties in photosynthetic functions of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 variants in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2022;190(3):1866-1882. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiac363Shen et al. (2022) Architecture of the chloroplast PSI-NDH supercomplex in Hordeum vulgare. Nature. 2022 Jan;601(7894):649-654. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04277-6. Epub 2021 Dec 8. PMID: 34879391.Wada et al. (2021) Identification of a Novel Mutation Exacerbated the PSI Photoinhibition in pgr5/pgrl1 Mutants; Caution for Overestimation of the Phenotypes in Arabidopsis pgr5-1 Mutant. Cells. 2021 Oct 26;10(11):2884. doi: 10.3390/cells10112884. PMID: 34831107; PMCID: PMC8616342.
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase subunit H (EC=1.6.5) is involved in the transfer of electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. Alternative names: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase subunit H; NDH7NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase 49 kDa subunit, NADH-plastoquinone oxidoreductase subunit H.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Application Details:
1:5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
45 | 49 kDa
Not reactive in:
Pisum sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris
Selected references:
Seiml-Buchinger et al. (2022) Ascorbate peroxidase postcold regulation of chloroplast NADPH dehydrogenase activity controls cold memory. Plant Physiol. 2022;190(3):1997-2016. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiac355Wada et al. (2021) Identification of a Novel Mutation Exacerbated the PSI Photoinhibition in pgr5/pgrl1 Mutants; Caution for Overestimation of the Phenotypes in Arabidopsis pgr5-1 Mutant. Cells. 2021 Oct 26;10(11):2884. doi: 10.3390/cells10112884. PMID: 34831107; PMCID: PMC8616342.Nikkanen et al. (2018). Regulation of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex by NADPH-dependent thioredoxin system. CSH, BioRixiv, doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/261560.
PIF5 (Phytochrome interacting factor 5) is a transcription factor which acts negatively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway and regulates PHYB at post-transcriptional level. Alternative protein names: AtbHLH65, bHLH65, bHLH065, Basic helix-loop-helix protein 65, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORAS12 2112 3-LIKE 6, PIL6, Phytochrome interacting factor-like 6, Transcription factor EN 103.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
For detection of PIF5 please use the most sensitive detection reagent
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
49.3 | 62 kDa
Not reactive in:
Physcomitrella patens, Solanum lycopersicum
Selected references:
Pham et al. (2018). Dynamic regulation of PIF5 by COP1-SPA complex to optimize photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2018 Aug 25. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14074.
Special application note:
PIF proteins are not that stable, therefore special precautions should be taken during extraction and whole procedure should be performed in as little light as possible (light green light). Extraction of PIF proteins is described in Shen et al. (2007).
PRK ribulose-5-P-kinase| phosphoribulokinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate to ADP + D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
PRK ribulose-5-P-kinase| phosphoribulokinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate to ADP + D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
PRK ribulose-5-P-kinase| phosphoribulokinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate to ADP + D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II, PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts, Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples, Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, a preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane.Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions, In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures,Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e,g, precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016,This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43,
Purity:
Affinity purified serum
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Thurotte et al, (2020), DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp, PCC 6803, Life (Basel), 2020 Apr 30;10(5):E55, doi: 10,3390/life10050055,
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa, D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest, Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel, In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products, Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands,Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence,
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II, PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts, Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples, Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp,, Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane, Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions, In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures,Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e,g, precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016,This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43,
Purity:
Affinity purified serum
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Thurotte et al, (2020), DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp, PCC 6803, Life (Basel), 2020 Apr 30;10(5):E55, doi: 10,3390/life10050055,
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa, D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest, Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel, In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products, Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands,Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence,
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II, PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts, Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples, Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
Algae (brown and red), Dictos, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp,, Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane, Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions, In our analysis we have seen both, ca, 24 kDa and ca, 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures,Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e,g, precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016,This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel,The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43,
Purity:
Affinity purified serum
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Thurotte et al, (2020), DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp, PCC 6803, Life (Basel), 2020 Apr 30;10(5):E55, doi: 10,3390/life10050055,
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa, D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest, Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel, In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products, Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands,Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence,
PSII reaction centre components are generating the redox potential required to drive highly oxidizing water splitting reaction. Four Mn atoms are present on a lumenal surface and form the catalyctic site of the water-splitting reaction which is in close association with the 33 kDa (PsbO), 23 kDa (PsbP) and 17 kDa (PsbQ) extrinistic subunits of oxygen evolving complex OEC. A 33-kDa extrinsic protein is also termed the Mn-stabilizing protein (MSP), however recent evidences shown that it is C-terminal domain of PsbA (D1) protein which is involved in in the assembly and stabilization of the OEC. Synonymes: PSBQ, PSBQA
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Catalpa bungei, Oryza sativa, Picea sitcHensis, Populus balsamifera, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available PsbQ protein sequences including Arabidopsis thaliana At4g21280. Peptide used to elicit this antibody is conserved in both isoforms, Arabidopsis thaliana PsbQ1 and PsbQ2.
Yang-Er Chen et al. (2017). Responses of photosystem II and antioxidative systems to high light and high temperature co-stress in wheat. J. of Exp. Botany, Volume 135, March 2017, Pages 45-55.Pavlovi? et al. (2016). Light-induced gradual activation of photosystem II in dark-grown Norway spruce seedlings. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Feb 18. pii: S0005-2728(16)30028-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.009.Albanese et al. (2016). Isolation of novel PSII-LHCII megacomplexes from pea plants characterized by a combination of proteomics and electron microscopy. Photosynth Res. 2016 Jan 9.Grassl et al. (2012). Early events in plastid protein degradation in stay-green Arabidopsis reveal differential regulation beyond the retention of LHCII and chlorophyll. J. Proteome Res. October 2.
Ribosomal S6 kinase 1/2 (S6K1/2) involved in TOR signaling pathway, in osmotic stress response. Activated by PDK1 and repressed during osmotic stress. Expressed in all tissues, especially during high metabolic activity in growing buds, root tips, leaf margins and germinating seeds. Alternative names: AtPK1/AtPK6 S6K1), AtPK2/AtPK19 (S6K2).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles,Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Physcomitrella patens, Thelungiella halophila
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana S6K1: UniProt: P42818, TAIR: AT3G08730 and S6K2: UniProt: Q39030, TAIR: AT3G08720. Due to high amino acid homology, chosen peptide is conserved in both proteins: S6K1 and S6K2.
Keeping the samples at 4°C all times is of crucial importance, Laucs buffer was used in example below since this is the one which was used routinely by this test laboratory for the work with kinases, Some unspecific bands can be seen, depending upon western blot protocol which is used, Therefore please consider to use a negative control together with your samples
González-López et al. (2021). Growth promotion in Arabidopsis thaliana by bacterial cyclodipeptides involves the TOR/S6K pathway activation. Journal of Plant Physiology. Volume 257, 2021, 153343,ISSN 0176-1617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153343.Salazar-Diaz et al. (2021) TOR senses and regulates spermidine metabolism during seedling establishment and growth in maize and Arabidopsis. iScience. 2021 Oct 12;24(11):103260. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103260. PMID: 34765910; PMCID: PMC8571727.Angelos & Brandizzi (2021). The UPR regulator IRE1 promotes balanced organ development by restricting TOR-dependent control of cellular differentiation in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2021 Dec 11. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15629. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34902186.Kazibwe et al. (2020). TOR mediates the autophagy response to altered nucleotide homeostasis in a ribonuclease mutant. J Exp Bot. 2020 Sep 9;eraa410.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa410.Dong et al. (2019). The Arabidopsis THADA homologue modulates TOR activity and cold acclimation. Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2019 Jan;21 Suppl 1:77-83. doi: 10.1111/plb.12893.
Special application note:
So far in applied conditions and extracts endogenous S6K1/2 protein is detectable as a very weak band
SBPase (Sedoheptulose-1,7-bis phosphatase) is a chloroplast enzyme involved in the carbon reduction of the Calvin cycle, part of carbohydrate metabolism.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Plant and algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
42 kDa
Not reactive in:
Cyanobacteria, Physcomitrella patens
Selected references:
Li et al. (2021) Did breeding alter the light environment, photosynthetic apparatus and photosynthetic capacity of wheat leaves? J Exp Bot. 2021 Nov 10:erab495. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab495. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34758079.Hammel et al. (2020) Photosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Has No Effect on the Abundance of Other Calvin-Benson Cycle Enzymes. Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jun 23;11:868. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00868. PMID: 32655601; PMCID: PMC7324757.Fukayama et al. (2018). Expression level of Rubisco activase negatively correlates with Rubisco content in transgenic rice. Photosynth Res. 2018 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0525-9.Li et al. (2018). Comparative proteomic analysis of key proteins during abscisic acid-hydrogen peroxide-induced adventitious rooting in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under drought stress. Journal of Plant Physiology Volume 229, October 2018, Pages 185-194.
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
Peptide used to elicit anti-SPS antibodies is perfectly conserved in all isoforms of SPS in plants,
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, n PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight® 594.
Molecular Weight:
120 | 120-130 kDa (fragments of 30/90 kDa may be detected)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
To be added when available, antibody released in April 2022.
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2,4,1,14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants, It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months. A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years.
Brassica napus, Citrus sinensis, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus balsamifera, Robinia pseudoacaci, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Solanum lycopersicum, Theobroma cacao, Vicia faba, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved region within plant SPS protein sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms 1F Q94BT0, 2F, 3F and 4F. Oryza sativa Q67WN8, Solanum tuberosum Q43845
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Additional Info:
Peptide used to elicit anti-SPS antibodies is perfectly conserved in all isoforms of SPS in plants,
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4, conjugated to DyLight® 650.
Molecular Weight:
120 | 120-130 kDa (fragments of 30/90 kDa may be detected)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
To be added when available, antibody released in April 2022.
SPY (SPINDLY) is O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) involved in various processes such as gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway and circadian clock. It catalyze the addition of nucleotide-activated sugars directly onto the polypeptide through O-glycosidic linkage with the hydroxyl of serine or threonine. Acts as a repressor of GA signaling pathway to inhibit hypocotyl elongation. Alternative name: Probable UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--peptide N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase SPINDLY.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody so far has been confirmed to detect recombinant SPY protein, GFP-tagged. Optimization of protein extraction and detection using most sensitive reagents may result in recognition of endogenous SPY.
Application Details:
1 : 500 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water to each tube
Related products:
Plant protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
101,4 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
TM2 (Tobacco mosaic virus resistance-2) is involved in development of tomato pathogen resistance.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Expected Species:
Brassica napus, Micromonas sp., Physcomitrella patens, Pinus sitchensis, Solanum tuberosum, Volvox carteri Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from TM2 protein sequence, UniProt: C3UZI4
OEP 75 or Toc75; Chloroplast outer envelope membrane protein from Pisum sativum (pea), Predicted to contain 3 POTRA domains at N-terminus. Believed to be the protein conducting channel of the Toc translocon and assembles as an 18 stranded ß-barrel (EMBO J. (1995) 14:11, 2436-2446); In Arabidopsis there are five members of this Family Toc75 (I-V), atToc75III is most closely related to psToc75. Additionally, it is structurally related to members of the bacterial surface antigen super-family including: OMA87; Outer membrane protein/protective antigen, (COG4775, COG4775) [Cell envelope biogenesis, outer membrane; YaeT; outer membrane protein assembly complex, (TIGR03303); FhaC; Hemolysin activation/secretion protein (COG2831) [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Pisum sativum, some cross-reactivity was observed for cyanobacteria including: Synechocystis, Synechococcus and Thermosynechococcus
Expected Species:
Ricinus communis, Vitis vinifera, Populus trichocarpa
Immunogen:
psTOC75; Predicted POTRA Domain #1; Amino acids, 158-241; Expressed and purified in E. coli using the Impact System from NEB. Peptide confirmed by MALDI. Q43715
Applications:
Flow cytometry (Flow cyt), Immunolocalization (IL),Western blot (WB)
Trxf1/2 (Thioredoxin F1/F2, chloroplastic) involved in the redox regulation of enzymes of Calvin-Benson cycle and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Alternative names: Thioredoxin F1, F2 AtTrxf1, AtTrxf2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
5 mM DTT in extraction buffer and 5% B-ME in Lämmli buffer are recommended to use, Samples should be heated at 95°C for 2 min before loading as TRXs proteins have a tendency to oligomerize
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant and algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
Molecular Weight:
19,9 | 12 kDa
Not reactive in:
Marchantia polymorpha, Physcomitrella patens
Selected references:
Nikkanen et al. (2016). Crosstalk between chloroplast thioredoxin systems in regulation of photosynthesis. Plant Cell Environ. 2016 Aug;39(8):1691-705. doi: 10.1111/pce.12718.
TrxM1/M2 (Thioredoxin M1/M2, chloroplasticT) is a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase involved in the redox regulation of enzymes of both reductive pentose phosphate pathway (Calvin-Benson cycle) and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Under reducing conditions, activates the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and the phosphoribulokinase, and inhibits. the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Activates NADP-malate dehydrogenase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20°C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
5 mM DTT in extraction buffer and 5% B-ME in Lämmli buffer are recommended to use. Samples should be heated at 95°C for 2 min before loading as TRXs proteins have a tendency to oligomerize.To work with this antibody chloroplast fraction has to be used.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 µl of sterile water
Related products:
Plant and algal protein extraction buffer Secondary antibodies
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores, Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores, Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
VDAC proteins are porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores, Prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in metabolite exchange,
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid in PBS pH 7.4.
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C for 12-18 months, A preservative may be added for long time storage up to 2 years,
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