Sheep anti-Ancient ubiquitous protein 1 (AUP1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
AUP1 contains a domain with homology to the ancient conserved region of the archain 1 gene and a domain thay may be involved in binding ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. The unprocessed precusor is of 476 amino acids in length and has an estimated molecular weight of 53 kDa. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing.TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AUP1 family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 CUE domain.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Sheep
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Human,Rat,Sheep
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (HVFLVSCALPDSV) corresponding to the amino acids 48-60 of human ancient ubiquitous protein 1 conjugated to Blue carrier protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from bovine, mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB. Use at a dilution of 1:500 to 1:6000. This antiserum works superbly in both paraffin embedded and frozen tissues. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
AUP1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Wilkinson, K.D. et al. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 9235-9241, (1981) Schwartz, A.L. et al. Annu. Rev. Med. 50, 57-74, (1999) Coux, O., et al. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 65, 801-847, (1996) Strausberg R.L, et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:16899-16903(2002). Jang W, et al. Genomics 36:366-368(1996). Shibata K, et al. Genome Res. 10:1757-1771(2000). Carninci P, et al. Genome Res. 10:1617-1630(2000). Kawai J, et al. Nature 409:685-690(2001). Okazaki Y, et al. ature 420:563-573(2002). Carninci P, et al. Science 309:1559-1563(2005).
Specificity:
This antiserum is specific for ancient ubiquitous protein 1. This antibody is known to react with bovine, sheep, human and rat ancient ubiquitous protein 1. Other species have not yet been tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Conjugated to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal of human ATG12 protein has been used as the immunogen. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB (1-5 µg/mL working concentration), Flow Cytometry (2?g/10^6 cells). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like; ATG12; APG12; APG12L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Mizushima, N. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation_uids=9852036'>J. Biol. Chem. 273(51):33889-33892 (1998). Tanida, I. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12207896'> Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 296(5):1164-1170 (2002). Tanida, I. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11825910'>J. Biol. Chem. 277(16):13739-13744 (2002).
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG12. Human, rat
Rabbit anti-PRKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (phosphorylated and non phosphorylated) (PERK) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
PERK (PKR-like ER kinase) is a single-pass type I ER membrane protein with a stress-sensing luminal domain connected by a transmembrane segment to a cytoplasmic-kinase domain.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. 50% glycerol
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Mouse
Immunogen:
A recombinant peptide from mouse PERK.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunoprecipitation (IP). A dilution of 1:500 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 30 µL of antibody in a total reaction mixture of 500 µL is recommended for IP. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
MAP1A and MAP1B are microtubule-associated protein which mediate the physical interactions between microtubules and components of the cytoskeleton (probably involved in autophagosome formation). MAP1A and MAP1B each consist of a heavy chain subunit and 3 different light chain subunits (LC1, LC2 and LC3). MAP1LC3A is one of the light chain subunits and can associate with either MAP1A or MAP1B. The precursor form of MAP1LC3A is cleaved by APG4/ATG4B to form the cytosolic form LC3-1. This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, LC3-II. MAP1LC3A is most abundant in heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle and testis but is absent in thymus and peripheral leukocytes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS, pH 7.4, containing 3% trehalose without preservatives.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse (Predicted),Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (C-RSFADRCKEVQQI) corresponding to amino acids 11-23 of human MAP1LC3 A protein was conjugated to a carrier protein and the complex used as the immunogen. This human sequence is homologous with mouse and rat MAP1LC3 A.
Applications:
FC,ICC,WB
Clone number:
BS405
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Application Details:
Flow Cytometry (20 µg/mL), Western blot (10 µg/mL), Immunocytochemistry (1-2 µg/mL). Other applications have not yet been tested. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions and concentrations should be determined by the end user.
WB confirmed binding of the antibody to a broad protein band with a Molecular Weight of ~14 kDa. Rat. The antibody is expected to react with mouse MAP1LC3A protein due to 100% sequence homology.
Mouse anti-Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1 (LAMP1) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC, FC.
Background Info:
LAMP1 (Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1, also known as CD107a, lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein 1, LGP120 and LAMPA) is a protein primarily associated with the lysosomal membrane. In a typical cell LAMP1 is associated with spherical vesicles located next to the nucleus and the microtubule organizing center (1). LAMP1 is found on the cell surface of lymphocytes undergoing degranulation, a process in which cytoplasmic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, and this phenomena resulted in discovery of LAMP1 as a CD protein. The LAMP1 protein has a large N-terminal region which is inside the lysosome, hence topologically external to the cell, which is often referred to as the lumenal domain (2). The lumenal domain consists of two homologous globular segments separated by a proline rich sequence. Next there is a single membrane spanning domain and a short 11 amino acid C-terminal cytoplasmic tail. This tail region contains, at the extreme C-terminus, a so-called YXXI motif which is responsible for the sorting of the intact molecule to the endosome and lysozome, where Y = tyrosine, I = isoleucine and X = almost any amino acid (3). This motif is found in several other lysosomal proteins, where it functions in the same way. There are 417 amino acids in the human LAMP1 molecule, giving a native molecular weight of 44.8 kDa. However the N-terminal lumenal segment of LAMP1 is very heavily and variably glycosylated due to the presence of 18 N-linked glycosylation sites, so that on SDS-PAGE and on Western blots the protein runs as a diffuse band at 90-120 kDa. Antibodies to LAMP1 are therefore excellent markers of lysosomes in mammalian cells, though some LAMP1 may also be seen on late endosomes and on the plasma membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS. Contains 5% trehalose.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant LAMP1 expressed and purified from E. coli.
Applications:
FC,ICC,WB
Clone number:
5H6
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Flow Cytometry. A dilution of 1:5,000 - 1:10,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:1,000 - 1:2,000 is recommended for IC. Use ~2ug per 10^6 cells for Flow Cytometry. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1, also known as CD107a, lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein 1, LGP120 and LAMPA
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Matteoni, R. and Kreiss, T. E. Translocation and clustering of endosomes and lysosomes depends on microtubules. J. Cell Biol. 105:1253-1265 (1987). Howe CL, Granger BL, Hull M, Green SA, Gabel CA, Helenius A, Mellman I. Derived protein sequence, oligosaccharides, and membrane insertion of the 120- kDa lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (lgp120): identification of a highly conserved family of lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 85:7577-81 (1988). Rohrer J, Schweizer A, Russell D, Kornfeld S. The targeting of Lamp1 to lysosomes is dependent on the spacing of its cytoplasmic tail tyrosine sorting motif relative to the membrane. J Cell Biol. 132:565-76 (1996).
Specificity:
The antibody reacts with a diffuse band at ~90 kDa to 120 kDa by Western blot on HeLa cell extract. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry showing strong punctate cytoplasmic staining corresponding to lysosomes and late endosomes. Does not react with rodent protein.
Mouse anti-Lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
LAMP1 (Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1, also known as CD107a, lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein 1, LGP120 and LAMPA) is a protein primarily associated with the lysosomal membrane. In a typical cell LAMP1 is associated with spherical vesicles located next to the nucleus and the microtubule organizing center (1). LAMP1 is found on the cell surface of lymphocytes undergoing degranulation, a process in which cytoplasmic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, and this phenomena resulted in discovery of LAMP1 as a CD protein. The LAMP1 protein has a large N-terminal region which is inside the lysosome, hence topologically external to the cell, which is often referred to as the lumenal domain (2). The lumenal domain consists of two homologous globular segments separated by a proline rich sequence. Next there is a single membrane spanning domain and a short 11 amino acid C-terminal cytoplasmic tail. This tail region contains, at the extreme C-terminus, a so-called YXXI motif which is responsible for the sorting of the intact molecule to the endosome and lysozome, where Y = tyrosine, I = isoleucine and X = almost any amino acid (3). This motif is found in several other lysosomal proteins, where it functions in the same way. There are 417 amino acids in the human LAMP1 molecule, giving a native molecular weight of 44.8 kDa. However the N-terminal lumenal segment of LAMP1 is very heavily and variably glycosylated due to the presence of 18 N-linked glycosylation sites, so that on SDS-PAGE and on Western blots the protein runs as a diffuse band at 90-120 kDa. Antibodies to LAMP1 are therefore excellent markers of lysosomes in mammalian cells, though some LAMP1 may also be seen on late endosomes and on the plasma membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBA. Contains 5% trehalose.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant LAMP1 expressed and purified from E. coli.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Clone number:
LAMP1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC). A dilution of 1:5,000 - 1:10,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:1,000 - 1:2,000 is recommended for IC. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 1, also known as CD107a, lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein 1, LGP120 and LAMPA
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Matteoni, R. and Kreiss, T. E. Translocation and clustering of endosomes and lysosomes depends on microtubules. J. Cell Biol. 105:1253-1265 (1987). Howe CL, Granger BL, Hull M, Green SA, Gabel CA, Helenius A, Mellman I. Derived protein sequence, oligosaccharides, and membrane insertion of the 120- kDa lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (lgp120): identification of a highly conserved family of lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 85:7577-81 (1988). Rohrer J, Schweizer A, Russell D, Kornfeld S. The targeting of Lamp1 to lysosomes is dependent on the spacing of its cytoplasmic tail tyrosine sorting motif relative to the membrane. J Cell Biol. 132:565-76 (1996).
Specificity:
The antibody reacts with a diffuse band at ~90 kDa to 120 kDa by Western blot on HeLa cell extract. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry.
Rabbit anti-Ubiquitin Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, ICC.
Background Info:
Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein with an estimated molecular weight of 8.56 kDa which has a central role in regulated protein degradation. It is a protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Several types of polymeric chains can be formed depending on the lysine used for the assembly. Attachment to proteins as a polymer leads to their degradation by the 26S proteosome; a complex, multicatalytic cytosolic and nuclear protease. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatic structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats of which differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in bovine a Cys. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS, pH 7.2, 100mM NaCl, 15mM sodium azide.
Ubiquitin isolated from cow erythrocytes and conjugated to chicken gammaglobulins with glutaraldehyde.
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for IHC, WB and immunoprecipitation. This antibody can be used for labelling formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections at a dilution range of 1:150 to 1:300. This antibody is also useful for investigating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer 's disease and Parkinson's disease. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
RPS27A; UBA52; UBB; UBC
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been determined by indirect ELISA against ubiquitin conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin. The antibody does not react with kehole limpet haemocyanin alone. Specificity has also been demonstrated by WB against endometrial tissue homogenates. Cross reacts with human, baboon and rat ubiquitin. Other species have not been tested. Ubiquitin protein sequence is 100% conserved in all higher mammals and most eukarotes.
Mouse anti-Microtubule Associated Protein 2 (MAP2) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, ICC.
Background Info:
Microtubules are 25nm diameter protein rods found in most kinds of eukaryotic cells. They are polymerized from a dimeric subunit made of one 'a' subunit and one 'b' tubulin subunit. Microtubules are associated with a family of proteins called microtubule associated proteins (MAPs), which includes the protein t (tau) and a group of proteins referred to as MAP1, MAP2, MAP3, MAP4 and MAP5. MAP2 is made up of two ~280 kDa apparent molecular weight bands referred to as MAP2 a and MAP2 b. A third lower molecular weight form, usually called MAP2c, corresponds to a pair of protein bands running at ~70 kDa on SDS-PAGE gels. All these MAP2 forms are derived from a single gene by alternate transcription, and all share a C-terminal sequence which includes either three or four microtubule binding peptide sequences, which are very similar to those found in the related microtubule binding protein t (tau). MAP2 isoforms are expressed only in neuronal cells and specifically in the perikarya and dendrites of these cells. Antibodies to MAP2 are therefore excellent markers on neuronal cells, their perikarya and neuronal dendrites.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
High molecular MAP protein preparation derived from bovine brain
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Clone number:
5H11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Western Blotting (WB). A dilution of 1:1,000 - 1:5,000 is recommended for IHC and ICC, and 1:5,000-1:10,000 is recommended for WB. The optimal dilution should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP-2; Mtap2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB and IHC against the antigen. Human; Rat; Mouse;
Mouse anti-Polyubiqutin-B Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein with an estimated molecular weight of 8.56 kDa which has a central role in regulated protein degradation. It is a protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Several types of polymeric chains can be formed depending on the lysine used for the assembly. Attachment to proteins as a polymer leads to their degradation by the 26S proteosome; a complex, multicatalytic cytosolic and nuclear protease. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatic structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats of which differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in bovine a Cys. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized with 5% trehalose
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,C. elegans,Chicken,Drosophila,Human
Immunogen:
Raised against purified ubiquitin conjugated with glutaraldehyde to keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Clone number:
Ubi-1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB), Immunohistochemistry - paraffin embedded tissue (IH-P) and ELISA. Suggested dilution for WB is 1:500-1,000. This antibody can be used on mildly fixed histological sections of human brain for studies of Alzheimer's disease. This antibody also works on paraffin embedded material. It also recognises other ubiquinated inclusion bodies such as Lewy bodies of Parkinson's disease and the Pick bodies in Pick's disease in formalin fixed tissues. Suggested dilution for IH is 1:500. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Conjugated to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal of human ATG12 protein has been used as the immunogen. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like; APG 12; ATG12; APG12; APG12L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Mizushima, N. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9852036'>J. Biol. Chem. 273(51):33889-33892 (1998). Tanida, I. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12207896'> Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 296(5):1164-1170 (2002). Tanida, I. et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11825910'>J. Biol. Chem. 277(16):13739-13744 (2002).
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG12. Human, rat
Rabbit anti-Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. Conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. FUNCTION: May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Colocalizes with nonmuscle actin. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. The mRNA is present at similar levels in viable and apoptotic cells, whereas the protein is dramatically highly expressed in apoptotic cells. INDUCTION: By apoptotic stimuli. PTM: Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy, but is not required for association with isolation membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG5 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG-5L. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy protein 5; APG5-like; APG 5; Apoptosis-specific protein; APG5; ATG5; APG5L; ASP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Mizushima, N et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12672448'>(2003) Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 35(5), 553-61 Baehrecke EH. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15928714'> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):505-(2005) Lum JJ, et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15928708'> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):439-4(2005) Greenberg JT. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15935769'> Dev Cell. 8(6):799-80(2005)
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG5. Human, not yet tested in other species.
Rabbit anti-Sequestosome 1 Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Sequestosome 1 is an adapter protein which binds ubiquitin and may regulate the activation of NFKB1 by TNF-alpha, nerve growth factor and interleukin-1. It may regulate signaling cascades through ubiquitination and may also be involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and regulation of K(+) channels. It is present as a homooligomer or heterooligomer and localises to the cytoplasm, late endosome and nucleus. In cardiac muscles it localises to the sarcomeric band. It accumulates in neurofibrillary tangles and in Lewy bodies of neurons from individuals with Alzheimer and Parkinson disease respectively. It is also enriched in Rosenthal fibers of pilocytic astrocytoma and in liver cells it accumulates in Mallory bodies associated with alcoholic hepatitis, Wilson disease, indian childhood cirrhosis and in hyaline bodies associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sequestosome 1 is ubiquitously expressed and to date, there are 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Defects in sequestosome 1 cause sporadic and familial Page disease of bone (PDB). This is a metabolic bone disease characterised by focal areas of increased and disorganised bone turn-over due to activated osteoclasts.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Bovine,Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Peptide IGAALDTIQYSKH corresponding to the C-terminal part of human Sequestosome 1 (aa: 424-436) conjugated to the Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. A dilution of 1:500 to 1: 5000 is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Phosphotyrosine-independent ligand for the Lck SH2 domain of 62 kDa; ubiquitin-binding protein p62; EBI3-associated protein of 60 kDa; p60; EBIAP; SQSTM1; ORCA; OSIL
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis on paraffin embedded human brain. This antibody is expected to recognise p60 in mouse, rat and bovine.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Functions as an E1 enzyme essential for multisubstrates such as GABARAPL1 and ATG12. Forms intermediate conjugates with GABARAPL1 (GABARAPL2, GABARAP or MAP1ALC3). Formation of the final GABARAPL1-PE conjugate is essential for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with ATG3 and ATG12. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, especially in kidney, liver, lymph nodes and bone marrow. DOMAIN: The C-terminal part of the protein is essential for the dimerization and interaction with ATG3 and ATG12. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG7 family. In yeast, ATG7 appears to be required for fusion of peroxisomal and vaculuolar membranes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (DSTRDRTLDQQC) corresponding to the C-terminal of human APG7 protein conjugated to blue carrier protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from APG7 protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Non-reduced western blot : 1:100; IF: acetone or 3.7% PFA fixed cells (HJ Lim et al 2013); 1:100; Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Yuan W, et al. Mol. Biol. Cell 10:1353-1366(1999). Tanida I, et al. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 292:256-262(2002). Tanida I, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 277:13739-13744(2002). Mizushima N, et al. Nature 395:395-398(1998). Johnston M, et al. Science 265:2077-2082(1994). Harding T.M, et al. J. Cell Biol. 131:591-602(1995). Kim J, et al. Mol. Biol. Cell 10:1337-1351(1999). Komatsu M, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 276:9846-9854(2001). Klionsky D.J, et al. Dev. Cell 5:539-545(2003). chimura Y, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 279:40584-40592(2004).
Specificity:
IF, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG7. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 9A (ATG9A) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Plays a role in autophagy. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein (Potential). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 3 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG9 family. IN YEAST: FUNCTION: Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Recruites ATG23 and ATG8 to the pre-autophagosomal structure. SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG18, ATG2 and ATG23. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein. Preautophagosomal structure; preautophagosomal structure membrane; multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Pre-autophagosomal and other perivacuolar punctate structures. The proper trafficking of ATG9 between the pre-autophagosomal structure and the other punctate structures requires ATG2, ATG18, ATG23, the ATG1-ATG13 complex and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG9 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CWHRRESDESGE) corresponding to the C-terminal of human APG9A (APG9L1) protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from APG9A (APG9L1) protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:3000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 9A; APG9-like 1; Autophagy-related protein 9; APG9A; ATG9A; APG9L1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Ota T, e al. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). Delaveau T.T.D, et al. Yeast 12:1587-1592(1996). Jacq C, et al. Nature 387:75-78(1997). Tsukada M., Ohsumi Y. FEBS Lett. 333:169-174(1993). Harding T.M, et al. J. Cell Biol. 131:591-602(1995). Harding T.M, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 271:17621-17624(1996). Lang T, et al. J. Bacteriol. 182:2125-2133(2000). Noda T, et al. J. Cell Biol. 148:465-480(2000). Kim H, et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:11142-11147(2006). Tucker K.A, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 278:48445-48452(2003).
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG9A (APG9L1) . Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: GABARAPL1 (GABARAPL2 or GABARAP or MAP1LC3)-modifier protein conjugating enzyme involved in its E2-like covalent binding to PE. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3 (E2-like enzyme). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Formation of the GABARAPL1-PE conjugate is essential for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG7 and ATG12. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG3 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a central region of the human ATG3 protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from ATG3 protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB, immunofluorescence. A dilution of 1:50 to 1:3000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 3; APG3; APG3-like; hApg3; Protein PC3-96 ; ATG3; APG3; APG3L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Tanida I, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 277:13739-13744(2002). Ota T, et al. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). Rush J, et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 23:94-101(2005).
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG3. A 37 kDa band, that corresponds to the molecular weight of ATG3, is detected via western blot analysis. Human, rat, mouse. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 16-1 (ATG16 L1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA, ICC.
Background Info:
ATG16 L1 plays an essential role in autophagy. It is a homooligomer ant interacts with ATG5. Part of either the minor and major complexes respectively composed of 4 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (400 kDa) or 8 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (800 kDa). APG16 L1 localises to the cytoplasm, in particularly to preautophagosomal structure (PAS) where it is involved in the membrane targeting of ATG5. There are 5 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Genetic variation within ATG16 L1 are associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease type 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
N-terminal of human ATG16-L1 protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
ELISA,ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Non-reduced western blot: 1:100; IP: 1-50-1:100 (5-10 ?L/500uL lysate); ELISA: 1:2000-1:3000 direct detection only, recombinant immunogen.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 16-1; APG16-like 1; ATG16L1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Zheng H, et al. DNA Seq. 15:303-305 (2004). Clark H.F, et al. Genome Res. 13:2265-2270 (2003).
Specificity:
Detects human protein via non-reduced WB, and ELISA Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog B (APG4B) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 5 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mainly expressed in the skeletal muscle, followed by brain, heart, liver and pancreas. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CLERFFDSEDED) corresponding to the C-terminus of human ATG4B protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from of ATG4B protein in mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:2000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Marino G, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 278:3671-3678(2003). Kabeya Y, et al. J. Cell Sci. 117:2805-2812(2004). Nagase T, et al. DNA Res. 6:63-70(1999). Ota T, et al. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). Sugawara K, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 280:40058-40065(2005). Kumanomidou T, et al. J. Mol. Biol. 355:612-618(2006).
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG4B. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog C (ATG4C) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CTVYNSDVIDKQ) corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG4C protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from ATG4C protein in mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence and WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:2000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Rabbit anti-Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3 B) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
MAP1LC3B is a subunit of neuronal microtubule-associated MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. MAP1LC3B is probably involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: LC3-I: Cytoplasm. LC3-II: Intracytoplasmic membrane; lipid-anchor. Cytoplasmic vesicle; autophagosome; autophagosomal membrane; lipid-anchor. LC3-II binds to the autophagic membranes. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Most abundant in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and testis. Little expression observed in liver. PTM: The precursor molecule is cleaved by APG4B/ATG4B to form LC3-I. This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form LC3-II. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAP1 LC3 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (FEQRVEDVRLIC) corresponding to the N-terminal of human MAP1LC3 B protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from mouse and rat MAP1LC3 B protein.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Difilippantonio S, et al. Eur. J. Cancer 39:1936-1947(2003). Yang Y.-S, et al. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 10:621-627(2003). He H, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 278:29278-29287(2003). Ota T, et al. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). Tanida I, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 279:36268-36276(2004). Tanida I, et al. J. Biol. Chem. 279:47704-47710(2004). Tanida I, et al. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36:2503-2518(2004).
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for MAP1LC3 B. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3 B)
MAP1A and MAP1B are microtubule-associated protein which mediate the physical interactions between microtubules and components of the cytoskeleton (probably involved in autophagosome formation). MAP1A and MAP1B each consist of a heavy chain subunit and 3 different light chain subunits (LC1, LC2 and LC3). MAP1LC3A is one of the light chain subunits and can associate with either MAP1A or MAP1B. The precursor form of MAP1LC3A is cleaved by APG4/ATG4B to form the cytosolic form LC3-1. This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, LC3-II. MAP1LC3A is most abundant in heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle and testis but is absent in thymus and peripheral leukocytes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (RSFADRCKEVQQI) corresponding to the N-terminal of human MAP1LC3 A protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The sequence is homologous with mouse and rat MAP1LC3 A.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunohistochemistry on 4% PFA fixed or 2% PLP fixation, 1:100-1000 primary antibody dilution. IC, Immunocytochemistry: acetone fixed specimens recommended. 1:100-1:1000 primary antibody dilution. Western Blot: R-146-100 requires samples to be denatured ONLY by boiling in SDS solution, not reduced. No signal is achieved using reduced samples. (Samples treated with DTT or Beta mercaptoethanol). 1:500 overnight 4 degrees is recommended for primary antibody dilution in western blots. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 10 (ATG10) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
ATG10 plays a role in autophagy. It is an E2-like enzyme involved in 2 ubiquitin-like modifications essential for autophagosome formation: ATG12-ATG5 conjugations and modificatioon of a soluble form of MAPLC3 1A, a homolog of yeast ATG8, to a membrane bound form. It is also able to directly interact either with ATG5 or ATG7.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A peptide (CLKNSQKINKNV) corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG10 protein has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 10; APG10-like; ATG10
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Wan D. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:15724-15729 (2004) Ota T. et al. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) The MGC Project Team. Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG10. Human. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
GABARAP is highly positively charged in its N-terminus and shares sequence homology with MAP1LC3 1A and 1B. This protein clusters neurotransmitter receptors (GABA(A) receptors) by mediating interaction with the cytoskeleton. SUBUNIT: Interacts with GABRG2, TUBA1, ULK1 and NSF. Interacts with beta-tubulin and GPHN. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Intracytoplasmic membrane. Cytoskeleton. Largely associated with intracellular membrane structures including the Golgi apparatus and post-synaptic cisternae. Colocalizes with microtubules. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Heart, brain, placenta, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (FEKRRSEGEKIC) corresponding to the N-terminal of human GABARAP protein has been used as the immunogen. The sequence is homologous with mouse and rat form of GABARAP.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Wang H. et al. Nature. 397: 69-72 (1999) Okazaki N. et al. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 85:1-12(2000) Hu R.-M. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:9543-9548(2000) Knight D. et al. Biol. Chem. 277:5556-5561(2002)
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for GABARAP. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein (GABARAP)
FUNCTION: Involved in intra-Golgi traffic. Modulates intra-Golgi transport through coupling between NSF activity and SNAREs activation. It first stimulates the ATPase activity of NSF which in turn stimulates the association with GOSR1. SUBUNIT: Monomer. Interacts with GABRG2, NSF, GOSR1 and beta-tubulin. Interacts with ULK1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. Expressed at high levels in the brain, heart, prostate, ovary, spleen and skeletal muscle. Expressed at very low levels in lung, thymus and small intestine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAP1 LC3 family. ESTIMATED MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 13.667 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CVESAKIRAKYP) corresponding to the N-terminal of human GABARAP L2 (GABARAPL2) protein has been used as the immunogen. The sequence is homologous with mouse and rat form of GABARAP L2 (GABARAPL2).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2; GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 2; Ganglioside expression factor 2; GEF-2; General protein transport factor p16; MAP1 light chain 3-related protein; GABARAPL2; FLC3A; GEF2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Okazaki N. et al. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 85:1-12(2000) Xin Y. et al. Genomics 74:408-413(2001) The MGC Project Team. Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004)
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for GABARAP L2 (GABARAPL2). A 14 kDa band, that corresponds to the molecular weight of GABARAPL2, is detected via western blot analysis. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Rabbit anti-Beclin-1 Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Beclin-1 plays a central role in autophagy. It may also play a role in antiviral host defense. It is ubiquitously expressed and it localises to the cytoplasm, golgi apparatus membrane, and in dendrites and cell bodies of cerbellar Purkinje cells. The unprocessed precursor has a length of 450 amino acids and an estimated molecular weight of 51.89 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
C-terminal of human Beclin-1 conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:2000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Coiled-coil myosin-like BCL2-interacting protein; Protein GT197; APG 6; BECN1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Specific for Beclin-1. Human, other species have not yet been tested.
Rabbit anti-Ubiquitin Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ICC.
Background Info:
Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein with an estimated molecular weight of 8.56 kDa which has a central role in regulated protein degradation. It is a protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target lysines either as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Several types of polymeric chains can be formed depending on the lysine used for the assembly. Attachment to proteins as a polymer leads to their degradation by the 26S proteosome; a complex, multicatalytic cytosolic and nuclear protease. Attachment to proteins as a monomer or as an alternatively linked polymer does not lead to proteasomal degradation and may be required for numerous functions, including maintenance of chromatic structure, regulation of gene expression, stress response, ribosome biogenesis and DNA repair. Ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats of which differ between species and strains. In some species there is a final amino-acid after the last repeat, here in bovine a Cys. Some ubiquitin genes contain a single copy of ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein (either L40 or S27a).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Glutaraldehyde cross-linked ubiquitin.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC). A dilution of 1:5,000 - 1:10,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500-1,000 is recommended for ICC. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB. This antibody detects ~8.5 kDa Ubiquitin. Human. Predicted to react with other mammalian tissues.
Rabbit anti-Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma (MAP1LC3C) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, ICC.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Probably involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). SUBUNIT: 3 different light chains, LC1, LC2 and LC3, can associate with MAP1A and MAP1B proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: LC3-I: Cytoplasm. LC3-II: Intracytoplasmic membrane; lipid-anchor. LC3-II binds to the autophagic membranes. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Most abundant in placenta, lung and ovary. PTM: The precursor molecule is cleaved by APG4B/ATG4B to form the cytosolic form, LC3-I. This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, LC3-II. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAP1 LC3 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CQEEVAGIRAKF) corresponding to the N-terminal of human MAP1LC3 C conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence deriven from MAP1LC3 C protein in Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Greenberg JT. Dev Cell. 8(6):799-80(2005) Baehrecke EH. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):505-(2005) Levine B. Cell. 120(2):159-6(2005) Tanida I., et al. J. Biol. Chem. 279:36268-36276(2004) Lum JJ, et al. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):439-4(2005) Tanida I., et al. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36:2503-2518(2004)
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for MAP1LC3 C . This antibody should recognise MAP1LC3 C only and not the other forms MAP1LC3A and MAP1LC3B. Human, other species have not yet been tested.
Purification:
Whole serum
Target:
Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 gamma (MAP1LC3C)
Rabbit anti-Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. Conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. FUNCTION: May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Colocalizes with nonmuscle actin. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. The mRNA is present at similar levels in viable and apoptotic cells, whereas the protein is dramatically highly expressed in apoptotic cells. INDUCTION: By apoptotic stimuli. PTM: Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy, but is not required for association with isolation membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG5 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG-5L. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Flow Cytometry (2 ?g/10^6 cells), IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. Use a dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy protein 5; APG5-like; APG 5; APG5; Apoptosis-specific protein; ATG5; APG5L; ASP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
References:
Mizushima, N et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12672448'>(2003) Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 35(5), 553-61 Baehrecke EH. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15928714'> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):505-(2005) Lum JJ, et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15928708'> Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(6):439-4(2005) Greenberg JT. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15935769'> Dev Cell. 8(6):799-80(2005)
Specificity:
IHC and wb confirmed the specificity for ATG5. Human, not yet tested in other species.
Mouse anti-Autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA.
Background Info:
Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed in double-membrane structures called autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. ATG12 is the human homolog of a yeast protein involved in autophagy. ATG12 is conjugated to ATG5. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate has an apparent molecular mass of 65 kDa. The C-terminal glycine of ATG12 is conjugated to a central lysine (lys130) of ATG5. Studies showed that over expression of ATG3 facilitated formation of the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate, suggesting that ATG3 cross-talks with the ATG12 conjugation system. ATG12 is ubiquitously expressed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS pH 7.2
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Full recombinant human ATG12, isoform 2, (1-74) with a GST tag.
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Clone number:
2H8
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for WB, and sandwich ELISA. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 12; ATG12; APG12; APG12L; APG12-like;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Specificity has been confirmed by WB and direct ELISA against the antigen. Human. Other species have not been tested.
Siah-1 is a member of the seven in absentia homolog (SIAH) family. It is a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins, including many proteins involved in transcription regulation, a cell surface receptor (DCC), cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules, an antiapoptotic protein (BAG1), a microtubule motor protein (KIF22), a protein involved in synaptic vesicle function in neurons (SYP) and a structural protein. Consequently Siah-1 is involved in many cellular processes such as apoptosis, tumor suppression, cell cycle, axon guidance, transcription regulation, spermatogenesis, and TNF-alpha signaling. It is predominantly a cytoplasmic protein but is also partially a nuclear protein. It is widely expressed at low levels and is down-regulated in advanced hepatocellular carcinomas.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid with 50% glycerol
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Partial recombinant human Siah-1 (amino acids 1-110) with a GST tag.
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for ELISA. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Mouse anti-Autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA.
Background Info:
Autophagy is a process of bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components by the lysosome or vacuole. ATG3 is an E2-like protein-conjugating enzyme for GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and MAPLC3 binding them to PE. ATG3 forms an E1-E2 complex with ATG7 and cross-talks with the ATG12 conjugation system. ATG3 is a cytoplasmic protein that is widely expressed with highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney , liver and placenta.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS pH 7.2
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Partial recombinant human ATG3 [1-100] with a GST tag.
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Clone number:
1F7
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for WB, sandwich ELISA and Flow Cytometry (2?g/10^6 cells). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 3; APG3-like; hApg3; Protein PC3-96; ATG3; APG3; APG3L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Specificity has been confirmed by WB and ELISA against the antigen. Human. Other species have not been tested.
Mouse anti-Autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA.
Background Info:
Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed in double-membrane structures called autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. ATG5 conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. ATG5 may also play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. It localise to the cytoplasm and it co-localise with nonmuscle actin. ATG5 is ubiquitously expressed. Its expression is dramatically increased in apoptotic cells. Conjugation to ATG12 is essential for autophage but it is not required for association with isolation membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS pH 7.2
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Partial recombinant human ATG5 (176-275) with a GST tag.
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Clone number:
4B2
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for WB, sandwich ELISA, Flow Cytometry (~2 ug per 10^6 cells). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Mouse anti-Autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA.
Background Info:
Autophagy is a process of bulk protein degradation in which cytoplasmic components, including organelles, are enclosed in double-membrane structures called autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. ATG5 conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. ATG5 may also play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. It localise to the cytoplasm and it co-localise with nonmuscle actin. ATG5 is ubiquitously expressed. Its expression is dramatically increased in apoptotic cells. Conjugation to ATG12 is essential for autophage but it is not required for association with isolation membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS pH 7.2
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Partial recombinant human ATG5 (176-275) with a GST tag.
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Clone number:
3D2
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
This antibody is recommended for WB, and sandwich ELISA. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Mouse anti-Microtuble-associated protein 2 (MAP2) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
MAP2 is a major microtubule associated protein of brain tissue. MAP2 promotes microtubule assembly and interacts with neurofilaments, actin and other elements of the cytoskeleton. At least 4 isoforms have been identified arising from alternative splicing.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western Blotting (WB). A concentration of 0.5-2.0 µg/mL is recommended for WB. Rat MAP2 (Isoform MAP2x) has a predicted length of 1,861 residues and MW of 202 kDa. A concentration of 1.0-2.0 µg/mL is recommended to detect MAP2 in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues as well as formalin/acetone fixed frozen tissues. The optimal dilution should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP-2; Mtap2;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB and IHC against the antigen. Human; Rat; Mouse;
Rabbit anti- S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is a subunit in the SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein E3 ubiquitin protein ligase complex. This complex mediates the ubiquitination and the subsequent degradation of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription.
A synthetic peptide (HRKHLQEIPDLSSNVATSF) corresponding to a region (2-20) from the N-terminus of human S-phase kinase-associated protein 2. To enhance the immunological response, this peptide was coupled to carrier protein BSA.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western Blotting (WB). A concentration of 1.0 µg/mL is recommended for WB. Human SKP2 (Isoform SKP2_alpha) has a predicted length of 424 residues and MW of 48 kDa. A concentration of 1.0-2.0 µg/mL is recommended to detect the protein in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
F-box protein Skp2; Cyclin A/CDK2-associated protein p45; p45skp2; F-box/LRR-repeat protein 1; SKP2; FBXL1;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB and IHC against the antigen. Human; mouse; rat;
Cullin-4B is a core component of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of specific proteins in the cell.
A synthetic peptide (DRDYMERDKENPNQYNYIA) corresponding to a region (877-895) from the C-terminus of human Cullin-4B. To enhance the immunological response, this peptide was coupled to carrier protein BSA.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Western Blotting (WB) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). A concentration of 1.0 µg/mL is recommended for WB. Human Cullin-4B (isoform 1) has a predicted length of 895 residues and MW of 102 kDa. A concentration of 2.0 µg/mL is recommended for IHC in Zebra fish. Heat mediated antigen retrieval is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
CUL-4B; CUL4B; KIAA0695;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The specificity of this antibody has been confirmed by WB and IHC against the antigen. Zebrafish; Human; Rat;
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