Glucomannan is a water soluble polysaccharide which is found in secondary cell walls of some plant species.This antibody recognizes acetylated form of glucomannan.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Clausen et al. (2003). Synthetic methyl hexagalacturonate hapten inhibitors of anti-homogalacturonan monoclonal antibodies LM7, JIM5 and JIM7. Carbohydr Res. 003 Aug 12;338(17):1797-800.doi: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00272-6. Knox et al. (1990). Pectin esterification is spatially regulated both within cell walls and between developing tissues of root apices. Planta. 1990 Jul;181(4):512-21.doi: 0.1007/BF00193004.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideHas no known cross-reactivity with other polymers.Binds to methyl esterified homogalacturonan.Does not bind to un-esterified homogalacturonan.This antibody is a good marker for pectic homogalacturonan.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Xyloglucan is a hemiceullose or polysaccharide that can be found in the primary cell wall.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pedersen et a. (2012). Versatile high resolution oligosaccharide microarrays for plant glycobiology and cell wall research. J Biol Chem. 2012 Nov 6;287(47):39429-38.doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.396598.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.Reacts with galactosylated XLLG oligosaccharide motif of plants xyloglucan.
Homogalacturonan (HG) is a pectic polysaccharide, composed of α-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin consists of complex net of polysacchari.des which are found in the primary cell walls of terrestial plants and are enriched in non-woody parts. Pectin acts as an extracellular glue which binds cells together.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and over 1 month at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Homogalacturonan (HG) backbone-1 clade of antibodies and binds to a de-esterified ?-1,4 linked homogalcturonan (HG) epitope (DP>4)
This antibody binds to a de-esterified ?-1,4 linked homogalcturonan epitope with a degree of polymerizaion of 4 or more, It does not bind to a homogalacturonan trimer
Application Details:
1:10 (IHC)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6. Patathil et al. (2010). A comprehensive toolkit of plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2010 Jun;153(2):514-25.doi: 10.1104/pp.109.151985.
Special application note:
This antibody recognises fully de-esterified ?-1,4 linked homogalcturonan (HG) epitope with a degree of polymerization (DP) of four or higher (DP>4), Does not recognize a homogalacturonan trimer
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Xyloglucan is a hemiceullose or polysaccharide that can be found in the primary cell wall.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pedersen et a. (2012). Versatile high resolution oligosaccharide microarrays for plant glycobiology and cell wall research. J Biol Chem. 2012 Nov 6;287(47):39429-38.doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.396598.
Rhamnogalacturonans (RGs) are pectic polysaccharides found in the cell wall, which contain a repeating dissacharides backbone:α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α-L-Rhap-(1)The antibody was raised against sycamore RG-I/MeBSA complex and binds to GalA1->4MeGalA1->4MeGalA1->4MeGalA1->4MeGalA1->4GalA pectic backbone.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6. Patathil et al. (2010). A comprehensive toolkit of plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2010 Jun;153(2):514-25.doi: 10.1104/pp.109.151985.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user, Epitope structure for carbohydrate antigen: trimer or larger of beta-(1,6)-Gal carrying one or more Ara residues of unknown linkage
Rhamnogalacturonans (RGs) are pectic polysaccharides found in the cell wall, which contain a repeating dissacharides backbone:α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α-L-Rhap-(1)The antibody was raised against seed mucilage/MeBSA complex and binds to Rha-(1,4)-GalA-(1,2)-Rha-(1,4)-GalA-(1,2)-Rha-(1,4) pectic backbone.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
DicotsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
CCRC-M35 binds to the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan I and requires at least two unbranched disaccharide repeats for binding, CCRC-M35 does not bind to branched sections of the backbone and is not sensitive to the identity of the sugar at the non-reducing terminus
Application Details:
Undiluted or at 1 : 10 (ELISA), (IHC), (IF)
Conjugation:
IgM
Isotype:
IgM
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6. Patathil et al. (2010). A comprehensive toolkit of plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2010 Jun;153(2):514-25.doi: 10.1104/pp.109.151985.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user
Goat anti-Dog IgG Fc, Unconjugated is a secondary antibody which binds to dog IgG FC part in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Inter-species cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. Cross-reactivity of antibody has not been characterized in details. No preservative added, as it may interfere with the antibody activity.
Application Details:
Immunoprecipitation, In immunoelectrophoresis use 2 μl serum or equivalent against 120 μl antiserum, In double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) use a rosette arrangement with 10 μl antiserum in 3 mm diameter center well and 2 μl serum samples (neat and serially diluted in 2 mm diameter peripheral wells, Precipitating titre 1:64 when tested against pooled normal dog serum in agar-block immunodiffusion titration
Purity:
Protein G purified goat IgG.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile water
Not reactive in:
The antiserum does not cross-react with any other component of the dog immunoglobulin system
Goat anti-Dog IgG (H&L), is a secondary antibody which binds to dog IgG heavy and light chain in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Dog IgG (heavy & light chains)
Immunogen:
purified dog normal IgG isolated from pooled dog serum
Inter-species cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. Cross-reactivity of this antiSerum has not been tested in detail. No preservative added.The reactivity of the antiserum is directed to the Fc and Fab subunits of the IgG molecule. It includes a certain degree of reactivity with other immunoglobulins via the common Fab portion.
Application Details:
Immunoprecipitation, In immunoelectrophoresis use 2 ml or equivalent against 120 ml antiserum, In double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) use a rosette arrangement with 10 ml antiserum in a 3 mm diameter centre well and 2 ml serum samples (neat and diluted) in 2 mm diameter peripheral wells, Precipitating titre not less than 1:256 when tested against normal dog serum in agar block titration
Purity:
Protein G purified goat IgG in PBS pH 7.2.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Not reactive in:
This antibody does not react with any non-Ig protein in dog serum, as tested by immunoelectrophoresis and double radial immunodiffusion
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly refered to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody binds to galactosylated side-chains of non-fucosylated xyloglucan-5, and appears to preferentially bind to the galactosylated side-chain closest to the reducing end of xyloglucan oligosaccharide sub-units (XXLG, XLLG).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
CCRC-M48 binds to galactosylated side-chains of non-fucosylated xyloglucan, and appears to preferentially bind to the galactosylated side-chain closest to the reducing end of xyloglucan oligosaccharide sub-units (XXLG, XLLG)
Application Details:
Undiluted or 1 : 10 (ELISA), (IHC), (IF)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user
Goat anti-Dog IgG (H&L), HRP conjugated is a secondary antibody which binds to dog IgG heavy and light chain in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Dog IgG
Immunogen:
Purified normal IgG isolated from pooled dog serum
Applications:
Dot-blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunohistochemistry (paraffin) (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Inter-species cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. Cross-reactivity of this antiSerum has not been tested in detail. No preservative added.The reactivity of the antiserum is directed to the Fc and Fab subunits of the IgG molecule. It includes a certain degree of reactivity with other immunoglobulins via the common Fab portion.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 10 000 (ELISA), 1 : 100 and 1 : 500 (ICC), (IHC), The optimal working dilution should be established by titration by the end user, Excess labelled antibody should be avoided since it may cause high unspecific background staining and interfere with the specific signal
Purity:
Protein G purified goat IgG in PBS pH 7.2.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Not reactive in:
This antibody does not react with any non-Ig protein in dog serum, as tested by immunoelectrophoresis and double radial immunodiffusion
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Xylan is a group of hemicelluloses in plant cells walls and can also be found in some algae.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Goat anti-Dog IgM Fc, Unconjugated is a secondary antibody which binds to dog IgM FC part in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Dog IgM, Fc part
Immunogen:
Purified normal IgM isolated from pooled dog serum
Inter-species cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. Cross-reactivity of this antiSerum has not been tested in detail. No preservative added.
Application Details:
Immunoprecipitation, In immunoelectrophoresis use 2 μl serum or equivalent against 120 μl antiserum, In double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) use a rosette arrangement with 10 μl antiserum in 3 mm diameter center well and 2 μl serum samples (neat and serially diluted in 2 mm diameter peripheral wells, Precipitin titre 1:64 when tested against pooled normal dog serum in agar-block immunodiffusion titration
Purity:
Protein G purified IgG.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile water
Not reactive in:
The antibody does not cross-react with any other component of the dog immunoglobulin system
Goat anti-Dog serum proteins is a secondary antibody which binds to dog serum proteins, in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Dog serum proteins
Immunogen:
Pooled whole dog serum and partly purified serum fractions
In immunoelectrophoresis use 2 μl serum or equivalent against 120 μl antiserum. In double radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) use a rosette arrangement with 10 μl antiserum in 3 mm diameter center well and 2 μl serum samples (neat and serially diluted in 2 mm diameter peripheral wells. Different bleedings of the immunized animals are pooled to obtain a broad spectrum balanced against the varying concentrations of the individual serum protein components.
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products. This pectic polysaccharide antibody belongs to the arabinogalactan 3 group of antibodies. Pectin consists of polysaccharides found in the primary cell wall of most plants which binds cells together in the middle lamella.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Rhamnogalacturonans (RGs) are pectic polysaccharides found in the cell wall, which contain a repeating dissacharides backbone:α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α-L-Rhap-(1)
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) is a member of the viruses Tospovirusin, belonging to the family of Bunyviridae. This virus infects over 650 plant species in temperate/tropical regions, causing reduced vegetative growth and plant death. Crops such as tomatoes, watermelon, zucchinis, and peanuts are affected by this viruse.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
-80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Expected Species:
Other Bunyviridae or Tospoviruses
Immunogen:
Glycoprotein G2 of Tomato spotted wild tospovirus (TSWV)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly referred to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody binds to α-Fuc-(1,2)-β-Gal glacan epitope of fucosylated xyloglucan.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Acer pseudoplatanus, Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
DicotsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) is a member of the viruses Tospovirusin, belonging to the family of Bunyviridae. This virus infects over 650 plant species in temperate/tropical regions, causing reduced vegetative growth and plant death. Crops such as tomatoes, watermelon, zucchinis, and peanuts are affected by this virus.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
-80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Expected Species:
Other Bunyviridae or Tospoviruses
Immunogen:
Glycoprotein G1 of Tomato spotted wild tospovirus (TSWV)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Xylan is a group of hemicelluloses in plant cells walls and can also be found in some algae.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pan, Li, Liu, Qi et al. (2023) Multi-microscopy techniques combined with FT-IR spectroscopy reveals the histological and biochemical causes leading to fruit texture difference in oriental melon (Cucumis melo var. Makuwa Makino), Food Chemistry,Volume 402, 2023,134229, ISSN 0308-8146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134229.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814622021914)Marcus et al. (2010). Restricted access of proteins to mannan polysaccharides in intact plant cell walls. Plant J. 2010 Oct;64(2):191-203.doi: 0.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04319.x.Verhertbruggen et al. (2009). An extended set of monoclonal antibodies to pectic homogalacturonan. Carbohydr Res. 2009 Sep 28;344(14):1858-62.doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.11.010.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.Has no known cross-reactivity with other polymers.Binds to unesterified homogalacturonan.The antibody recognizes a range of homogalacturonan samples but binds strongly to un-esterified homogalacturonan.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Glucuronoxylans are hemicellulosic plant cell wall polysaccharides which contains glucuronic acid and xylose.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Cornault et al. (2015). Monoclonal antibodies indicate low-abundance links between heteroxylan and other glycans of plant cell walls. Planta. 2015 ec;242(6):1321-34.doi: 10.1007/s00425-015-2375-4.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.This antibody is made using a complex pectic immunogen. It can recognise glucuronosyl substituted xylans and MeGlcA is not required for recognition.
Goat anti-Rabbit IgA Fc, HRP conjugated is a secondary antibody which binds to rabbit IgA Fc part, in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Reconstituted material can be stoored in 4°Cup to 7 days.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Rabbit IgA
Immunogen:
Purified rabbit IgA isolated from pooled rabbit serum
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunocytochemistry (ICC) (paraffin), (ICC), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Inter-species cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. Cross-reactivity of this antibody has not been characterized. No preservative is included added.
Application Details:
1 : 500-5000 (ELISA), 1 : 50-250 (ICC), (IHC)
Purity:
Immunogen purified goat IgG. in PBS pH 7.2.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
MerB (organomercurial lysase) is an enzyme which converts toxic methyl mercury ions into less toxic form, catalyzing the chemical reaction of alkylmercury to alkane.Alternative names: Alkylmercury mercuric-lyase, Alkylmercury lyase, merBpe
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80°C.Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Eubacteria
Immunogen:
Recombinant Mer B merBpe, encoding organomercurial lyase (MerB)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Bizily, S. P., et al. (1999). Phytoremediation of methylmercury pollution: merB expression in Arabidopsis thaliana confers resistance to organomercurials. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96(12). 6808-6813.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Marcus et al. (2010). Restricted access of proteins to mannan polysaccharides in intact plant cell walls. Plant J. 2010 Oct;64(2):191-203.doi:0.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04319.x.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.No cross-reactivity with other polymersThis antibody recognises B-linked mannan polysaccharides of plant cell walls. LM21 binds effectively to B-(1-4)-manno-oligosaccharides from DP2 to DP5.
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Higher plantsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Extensins are a family of flexuous, rodlike, hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) of the plant cell wall.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Davies et al. (2010). Induction of extracellular matrix glycoproteins in Brassica petioles by wounding and in response to Xanthomonas campestris. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1997 Sep;10(7):812-20.doi: 10.1094/MPMI.1997.10.7.812. Smallwood et al. (1995). An epitope of rice threonine- and hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein is common to cell wall and hydrophobic plasma-membrane. Planta. 995;196(3):510-22.doi: 10.1007/BF00203651. glycoproteins
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.Generated to rice extensin hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs). The antibody recognises an epitope that is carried by a range of HRGPs of the extensin class.
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Andersen et al. (2016). Characterization of the LM5 pectic galactan epitope with synthetic analogues of -1,4-d-galactotetraose. Carbohydr Res. 2016 Dec ;436:36-40.doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.012. Jones et al. (1997). Development and validation of an in vitro model system to study peripheral sensory neuron development and injury. Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 29;8(1):15961. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34280-3.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.No cross-reactivity with (1-3)-beta-D-galactans or (1-6)-beta-D-galactans.It recognizes a linear tetrasaccharide in (1-4)-beta-D-galactans.In ELISA (competitive inhibition), antibody is binding to: (1-4)-beta-D-galactan was inhibited (50%) by 58 g/ml (1-4)-beta-D-galactotetraose and by 0.7 g/ml lupin (1-4)-beta-D-galactan.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants, ferns and mosses
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Antibody is recognizing carbohydrate epitope containing Β-linked glucuronic acid.
Application Details:
1:10 (ELISA, IF)
Conjugation:
IgM
Isotype:
IgM
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Stacey et al. (1990). Patterns of expression of the JIM4 arabinogalactan-protein epitope in cell cultures and during somatic embryogenesis in Daucus carota L Planta. 1990 Jan;180(2):285-92.doi: 10.1007/BF00194009. Knox et al.(1991). Developmentally regulated epitopes of cell surface arabinogalactan proteins and their relation to root tissue pattern formation. Plant J. 1991 ov;1(3):317-326.doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1991.t01-9-00999.x.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.This antibody is made to rice arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) and it recognizes a carbohydrate epitope containing B-linked glucuronic acid. In competitive inhibition ELISAs antibody binding to gum arabic was inhibited (50%) by 70 mg/ml 1-O-methyl-B-D-GlcA. The binding of the antibody to AGPs can be fully inhibited by 10 mM 1-O-methyl-B-D-GlcA.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants, ferns and mosses,Higher plants, ferns and mosses
Pedersen et a. (2012). Versatile high resolution oligosaccharide microarrays for plant glycobiology and cell wall research. J Biol Chem. 2012 Nov 6;287(47):39429-38.doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.396598.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideReacts with grasses, sugar beet and spinach feruloyated polysaccharides. No cross-reactivity with non-feruloylated polymers outside these taxonomic groups
Rhamnogalacturonans (RGs) are pectic polysaccharides found in the cell wall, which contain a repeating dissacharides backbone:α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α-L-Rhap-(1)
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Rhamnogalacturonans (RGs) are pectic polysaccharides found in the cell wall, which contain a repeating dissacharides backbone:α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α-L-Rhap-(1)
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Pectins are the major polysaccharides that build pectic matrix of plant primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Verhertbruggen et al. (2009). Developmental complexity of arabinan polysaccharides and their processing in plant cell walls. Plant J. 2009 Aug;59(3):413-25.doi: 0.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03876.x.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideNo cross-reactivity with gum arabic. The antibody recognises a linear pentasaccharide in (1-5)-α-L-arabinans. I many species it can also recognise pectic polysaccharides.In some species this antibody could recognize arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs).In competitive inhibition ELISAs, antibody is binding to: (1-5)-α-L-arabinan was inhibited (50%) by 40 ng/ml (1-5)-α-L-arabinopentaose and 19 ng/ml (1-5)-α-L-arabinohexaose.
CNX (calnexin homolog) is a calcium-binding protein involved in protein folding. It interacts with newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Li et al. (1998). The molecular chaperone calnexin associates with the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase from oat seedlings. Plant Cell. 1998 Jan;10(1):119-30.Li et al. (1998). The molecular chaperone calnexin associates with the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase from oat seedlings. Plant Cell. 1998 Jan;10(1):119-30.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Zhang et al. (2022) Mutation of CESA1 phosphorylation site influences pectin synthesis and methylesterification with a role in seed development, Journal of Plant Physiology, 2022, 153631, ISSN 0176-1617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153631.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideThe antibody recognizes a partially methyl-estrified epitope of HG which results from non-blockwise de-estrification processes. The antibody does not bind to un-estrified homogalacuronan.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Pectins are the major polysaccharides that build pectic matrix of plant primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants, ferns and mosses
Immunogen:
Pectic polysaccharide (alpha-1,5-arabinan). This antibody was isolated from a high throughput screen of many antibodies generated by immunization with a pectic fraction.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.This antibody is recognizing a (1-5)-alpha-L-arabinan in a similar manner as an antibody to Pectic polysaccharide, alpha-1,5-arabinan (monoclonal, clone LM6). This antibody is an IgM isotype.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Verhertbruggen et al. (2009). An extended set of monoclonal antibodies to pectic homogalacturonan. Carbohydr Res. 2009 Sep 28;344(14):1858-62.doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.11.010.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.No known cross-reactivity with other polymers.Binds to partially methyl esterified homogalacturonan but can also bind to un-esterified homogalacturonan
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly refered to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody binds to galactosylated side-chains of non-fucosylated xyloglucan-3, and appears to preferentially bind to the galactosylated side-chain closest to the reducing end of xyloglucan oligosaccharide sub-units (XLLG).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly refered to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody binds to galactosylated side-chains of non-fucosylated xyloglucan-3, and appears to preferentially bind to the galactosylated side-chain closest to the reducing end of xyloglucan oligosaccharide sub-units (XXXG).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
CCRC-M100 binds only to the xyloglucan sub-unit, XXXG, and shows no cross-reactivity with other xyloglucan sub-units tested, CCRC-M100 shows some cross-reactivity with sycamore pectic polysaccharides and linseed mucilage
Application Details:
Undiluted or at 1 : 10 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC)
Conjugation:
IgM
Isotype:
IgM
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user
The Cadherin-17 [IHC520] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly refered to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody recognizes the glycan group of xyloglucan-2 in the non-fucosylated form.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
CCRC-M88 does not bind to XXXG, but does bind to other xyloglucan oligosaccharides, CCRC-M88 also binds to pectic polysaccharide preparations from several plants
Application Details:
Undiluted or at 1 : 10 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6. Patathil et al. (2010). A comprehensive toolkit of plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2010 Jun;153(2):514-25.doi: 10.1104/pp.109.151985.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user
Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone formed by the proteolytic cleavage of a larger prepropeptide. It is produced primarily by the parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid, and is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. It decreases the level of calcium and phosphate ions in blood by promoting the incorporation of these ions into bones, as well as inhibiting renal tubular cell reabsorption. Calcitonin expression is found in C-cell hyperplasia and medullary thyroid carcinomas. It is a useful marker in the identification of C-cell proliferative abnormalities, and for distinguishing medullary carcinoma from papillary and follicular thyroid cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC521
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56870
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Thyroid, Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Galactomannans are polysaccharides composed of a mannose backbone with side groups of galactose. They are used in food industry as stabilizers which increase water viscosity.Galactomannan is a component of the cell wall of the mold Aspergillus, and is released during its growth. Therefore, detection of this compound in blood is clinically used to diagnose aspergillosis infections in humans.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and over 1 month at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Caldesmon is a marker for smooth muscle differentiation. Found in smooth muscle and other tissues, caldesmon interacts with Ca<sup>2+</sup>-calmodulin, actin, tropomyosin, myosin, and phospholipids. It inhibits the ATPase activity of myosin in smooth muscle, and mediates Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent inhibition of smooth muscle and non-muscle contraction. Caldesmon expression is found in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST), and can be used to differentiate epithelioid mesothelioma from serous papillary carcinoma of the ovary. It is also a specific marker for smooth muscle cells (SMC) and associated neoplasms; therefore, Anti-Caldesmon can be used in the study of the SMC differentiation process as well as the differentiation of other tumours with SMC-like differentiation, including leiomyosarcoma and myofibroblastic tumours.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Pectins are the major polysaccharides that build pectic matrix of plant primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants, ferns and mosses
Immunogen:
Pectic polysaccharide, alpha-1,5-arabinan, This antibody was isolated from a high throughput screen of many antibodies generated by immunization with a pectic fraction,
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Verhertbruggen et al. (2009). Developmental complexity of arabinan polysaccharides and their processing in plant cell walls. Plant J. 2009 Aug;59(3):413-25.doi: 0.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03876.x. Moller et al. (2008). High-throughput screening of monoclonal antibodies against plant cell wall glycans by hierarchical clustering of their carbohydrate microarray. inding profiles Glycoconj J. 2008 Jan;25(1):37-48. doi: 10.1007/s10719-007-9059-7.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.Antibody recognition of arabinans increases with arabinofuranosidase action. Binds to a specific subset of pectic arabinans, and to longer stretches of 1,5-linked arabinosyl residues that are likely to be more abundant in unbranched arabinans.
V-ATPase subunit A is a catalytic subunit of V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase. This enzyme (EC=3.6.3.14) is involved in acidification process of various compartements of eucaryotic cell. This protein is coded by VHA-A gene. Alternative names: Vacuolar proton pump subunit alpha, vacuolar H(+)-ATPase subunit A, V-ATPase 69 kDa subunit
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal, clone 7A3
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Avena sativa
Expected Species:
Avena sativa
Immunogen:
V-ATPase complex from Avena sativa purified by gel filtration Ward and Sze 1992
Li and Sze (1999). A 100 kDa polypeptide associates with the V0 membrane sector but not with the active oat vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, suggesting a role in assembly. Plant J. 1999 Jan;17(1):19-30.Li and Sze (1999). A 100 kDa polypeptide associates with the V0 membrane sector but not with the active oat vacuolar H(+)-ATPase, suggesting a role in assembly. Plant J. 1999 Jan;17(1):19-30.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Pectins are the major polysaccharides that build pectic matrix of plant primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Verhertbruggen et al. (2009). Developmental complexity of arabinan polysaccharides and their processing in plant cell walls. Plant J. 2009 Aug;59(3):413-25.doi: 0.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03876.x.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.Reacts with polysaccharide, rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) The binding could be sensitive to galactosidase action and the epitope could involve galactosyl residue(s) on the rhamnogalacturonan backbones.Recognizes a epitope associated with arabinans and can be generated by arabinofuranosidase action and the loss of arabinosyl residues.
MerA (Mercuric reductase) is an oxidoreductase enzyme which converts toxic mercury ions into its more inert form. It is found in both aerobic and anaerobic envionments in the cytoplasm of many eubacteria. Alternative name: Hg(II) reductase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80°C.Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Rugh, C. L., et al. (1996) Mecuric ion reduction and resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a modified bacterial merA gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93(8):3182-3187.Nazaret, S., et al. (1994) merA Gene Expression in Aquatic Environments Measured by mRNA Production and Hg(II) Volatilization. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Nov;60(11):4059-4065.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user.This antibody recognizes Mercuric ion reductase of MerA.
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Homogalacturonan is a pectic polysaccharide of alpha-1,4 linked galacturonic acid residues. Pectin contains a complex set of polysaccharides that can be found in many primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term). Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Yu et al. (2023) Reduction of pectin may decrease the embryogenicity of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) pro-embryonic masses after 10 years of in vitro culture, Scientia Horticulturae,Volume 309,2023,111690,ISSN 0304-4238,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111690.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideHas no known cross-reactivity with other polymers.Binds to paritally methyl esterified homogalacturonan and can also bind to un-esterified homogalacturonan.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Pectins are the major polysaccharides that build pectic matrix of plant primary cell walls.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Willam et al. (2004). A xylogalacturonan epitope is specifically associated with plant cell detachment. Planta. 2004 Feb;218(4):673-81.doi: 0.1007/s00425-003-1147-8.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.No known cross-reactivity with other polymers.Does not bind to all xylogalacturonans
Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is a plant hormone that belongs to the group of auxins. It is used to stimulate root formation in plant cuttings.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 °Cor -20 °C. The working antibody solution is stable for at least 7 days at 4 °C. Precautions should be taken for storage for longer periods. Problems of longterm stability may occur with highly diluted solutions. No other preservative agent has been added to the present formulation. For long storage purposes in solution the addition of sodium azide to 0,02 % is advised with the appropriate precautions of use.
Titer in ELISA is defined as the dilution that gives 50 % of the absorbance from the maximum absorbance when tested with ELISA). Plates were coated with 400 ng/ml ovalbumine-conjugated indole-3-butyric acid. HRP-conjugated anti-chicken IgY was used as a tracer.As antibodies to BSA carrier were not removed from this preparation please use BSA in your assay and use OVA-conjugated IBA for coating in ELISA.
Application Details:
1 : 12 800 in indirect ELISA
Purity:
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in 0.1 M PBS pH 7.2. Contains 0.052% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products. This pectic polysaccharide antibody belongs to the arabinogalactan-4 group of antibodies. Pectin consists of polysaccharides found in the primary cell wall of most plants which binds cells together in the middle lamella.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly refered to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. This antibody recognizes the glycan group of xyloglucan-1 in the non-fucosylated form.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum
Expected Species:
DicotsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
CCRC-M101 does not bind to XXXG, but does bind to other xyloglucan oligosaccharides, CCRC-M101 also binds to pectic polysaccharide preparations from several plants
Application Details:
Undiluted or at 1 : 10 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2012). Immunological approaches to plant cell wall and biomass characterization: Glycome Profiling. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;908:61-72.doi: 0.1007/978-1-61779-956-3_6. Patathil et al. (2010). A comprehensive toolkit of plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2010 Jun;153(2):514-25.doi: 10.1104/pp.109.151985.
Special application note:
Exact working dilution needs to be determined by end user
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Betula sp., Eucalyptus sp., Populus sp., Sorghum sp., Triticum sp.
Expected Species:
Higher plantsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Avena sativa
Expected Species:
Higher plantsSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Store lyophilized material at 2-8 °C. For long term storage after reconstitution, prepare small aliquots and store at -20 °C. For storage at 2-8 C, add a preservative to prevent growth of bacteria.This product is used as a blocking reagent or control for
After opening the vial, the lyophilized content is reconstituted by adding 1 ml of sterile distilled water, mixed gently by inversion until complete dissolution is obtained, Allow to stand at ambient temperature for 5-10 minutes to reach equilibrium, Reconstituted serum may be stored frozen
Special application note:
This normal serum can be used as an internal relative standard for quantitative protein assays such as double radial immunodiffusion (Mancini, Fahey), ELISA, Western blot and electroimmunodiffusion (Laurell). The product can be also applied as a blocking or negative control in non-precipitating antibody binding assays as immunofluorescence.Normal pig serum was obtained from healthy animals of European origin.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Xyloglucan is a hemiceullose or polysaccharide that can be found in the primary cell wall.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ruprecht et al. (2017). A Synthetic Glycan Microarray Enables Epitope Mapping of Plant Cell Wall Glycan-Directed Antibodies. Plant Physiol. 2017 Nov;175(3):1094-1104. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.00737.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium AzideReacts with the XXXG motif of land plants xyloglucan. This antibody is directed toward the nonreducing end, with the requirement for the second to last Glc to be substituted with an a-1,6-linked Xyl Ruprecht et al. (2017).
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Galactomannans are polysaccharides composed of a mannose backbone with side groups of galactose. They are used in food industry as stabilizers which increase water viscosity.Galactomannan is a component of the cell wall of the mold Aspergillus, and is released during its growth. Therefore, detection of this compound in blood is clinically used to diagnose aspergillosis infections in humans.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and over 1 month at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Expected Species:
Guar and locust bean glycan group of galactomannan-1
Anti-myeloperoxidase detects granulocytes and monocytes in blood and precursors of granulocytes in the bone marrow. This antibody can detect myeloid cell populations of the bone marrow as well as in other sites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP72
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pinkus GS, et al. Mod Pathol. 1991; 4:733-41
References 2:
Chang CC, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000; 114:807-11
References 3:
Kaleem Z, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001; 115:876-84
References 4:
Audouin J, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003; 11:271-82
The monoclonal antibody 103-A1 recognizes mouse nectin-3. Nectin-3 is a 83 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein. Nectin, originally isolated as poliovirus receptor-related protein (PRR), is a cell-cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin supergene family. Nectins are calciumindependent immunoglobulin-like cell-cell adhesion molecules consisting of four members, nectin 1-4. Nectins homophilically and heterophilically trans-interact to form a variety of cell-cell junctions, including cadherin-based adherens junctions in epithelial cells and fibroblasts in culture, synaptic junctions in neurons, and Sertoli cell-spermatid junctions in testis, in cooperation with, or independently of, cadherins. Both nectin-2 and nectin-3 are ubiquitously expressed, whereas nectin-1 is abundantly expressed in brain. Nectin-2 and -3 are expressed in cells where cadherin is not expressed, such as blood cells and spermatids. All members of the nectin family have two or three splice variants. For nectin-3, three isoforms exist: nectin-3?, -3β and -3g of which nectin-3? is the largest. Nectin-3, also known as PRR3, is a transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed in testis and placental tissues as well in many cell lines. Nectin interacts in vivo with both long and short isoforms of afadin, an actin binding protein, at cadherin-based cell-cell adherence junctions in various tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the ectodomains of nectin-3 and CD155 (Poliovirus Receptor) have shown strong affinity to each other. Injection of antibody 103-A1 into lumen of seminiferous tubules leads to disruption of the actin filaments in Sertoli cells at the Sertoli-maturing spermatid ectoplasmic specialization and exfoliation of maturing spermatids form the seminiferous epithelium.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
103-A1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Satoh-Horikawa; K et al. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 10291
Mouse alpha heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgA: 2.9 * 109 M-1. Available as unconjugated MON5050, Biotin conjugated MON5050B, Peroxidase conjugated MON5050P.
Antibody Isotype:
IgMk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MA-7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide 50% glycerol
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mab 647 is useful for studying the intracellular distribution and structure of actin in the cytoskeletal system. In immunoblotting one single band is reactive corresponding to actin. Positive control: Muscle or myofibrils.
In paraffin sections antibody pm 43 recognizes only myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In frozen sections it also reacts with myelin in the central nervous system (CNS). Is useful for studying myelination and demyelination processes in the PNS, and remyelination processes in the CNS as can be observed after trauma in multiple sclerosis. Reacts with a 43 kD protein in immunoblotting. Positive control: Peripheral nerve.
DOG1 is a calcium-dependent chloride channel protein that is encoded by a gene called TMEM16A (TMEM16 FLJ10261, ANO1, ORAOV2, and AOS2) located on chromosome 11q13. DOG1 has many significant functions such as regulation of the cholinergic activity of gastrointestinal smooth muscle 2 and regulation of both the survival and proliferation of cells. Anti-DOG1 antibody has been shown to be useful in the identification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP31
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kang HG, et al. Mod Pathol. 2011; 24:866-77
References 2:
Rizzo FM, et al. BMC Cancer. 2016; 16:87
References 3:
Katoh M, et al.Int J Oncol. 2003; 22:1375-81
References 4:
Stanich JE, et al. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011; 1044-51
Mab 414 reacts with myosin-containing elements in most cell types. Antigen localization: cytoplasm In Western blot experiments the antibody reacts with a 75kD part of the heavy chain (epitope location on a myosin-common site-chain), no reaction with light chains. <br>It is not reactive with alpha-cardiac myosin. Positive control: muscle, myofibrils (chicken)
Mouse alpha heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgA: 4.8 * 109 M-1. Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5050, HRP conjugated MON5050P, Biotin conjugated MON5050B
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. In non-neoplastic mammalian urothelium, UPs are expressed in the luminal surface plasmalemma of superficial (umbrella) cells, Uroplakin II/III cocktail is specific for tumors of urothelial origin and, when used in combination with other markers, can aid in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors.
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. Uroplakins are markers of terminally differentiated urothelium. Uroplakin II (UPII) is a newly described sensitive marker for urothelial carcinoma (UC). The expression profile of UPII in different types of UC and its utility in the diagnostic setting are needed.
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. In non-neoplastic mammalian urothelium, UPs are expressed in the luminal surface plasmalemma of superficial (umbrella) cells, forming complexes of 16nm crystalline particles. UPIII is specific for tumors of urothelial origin and, when used in combination with other markers, can aid in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is a 46 kDa NADPdependent enzyme, which catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate into ?-ketoglutarate. IDH1 may also play a role in the prevention of oxidative damage, and the shuttling of proteins to peroxisomes. It is widely reported that mutations in IDH1 result in multiple forms of gliomas. The Arginine to Serine substitution at amino acid 132 is seen in gliomas, abolishes magnesium binding and alters enzyme activity so that isocitrate is no longer converted to alpha-ketoglutarate but instead alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate.
p63 is a type II integral membrane protein predominantly localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. p63 is reported to be expressed in a number of normal tissues including proliferating cells of the epithelium, cervix, urothelium and prostate. p63 is also reported to be expressed in most poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
7JUL
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 208 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mahalingam M et al. Modern Pathology. 2010; 23:713-719
References 2:
Shah VI et al. Histopathology. 2006; 48:683-691
References 3:
Yen CC et al. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2005; 11(9):1267-1272
References 4:
Bilal H et al. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 2003; 51(2):133-139
This monoclonal antibody recognizes both wild type and mutant forms of human p53 protein under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. The epitope recognized by clone DO-7 can be destroyed by prolonged fixation in buffered formalin. The heat induced epitope retrieval technique may improve staining in some cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DO-7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 22 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tiniakos DG et al. Cytopathology. 1996; 7(3): 178186
References 2:
Yoshida T et al. Journal of Pathology. 2003; 199(2):166175
References 3:
Burns ASYW et al. British Journal of Cancer. 2002; 86(7):11171123
References 4:
Tweddle DA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 158(6): 20672077
References 5:
Fernando SS et al. International Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2000; 8(3):213222
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein receptor of 170 kD with tyrosine kinase activity. Increased levels of EGFR are reported to be linked with malignant transformation of squamous cells eg in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, head, neck, skin, cervix and esophagus. EGFR may also play a role in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinomas where recurrence rates are higher in EGFR-positive cases. This correlation has similarly been reported in colorectal cancers where EGFR, produced by tumor cells, plays an important role in the invasiveness and proliferation of colorectal cancers. The majority of published studies of EGFR expression in human breast cancer has similarly shown an association with EGFR expression where it is inversely related to estrogen receptor status.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EGFR.113
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 26 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lodge AJ et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2003; 56(4):300304
References 2:
Sriplakich S et al. BJU Int. 1999; 83(4):498503
References 3:
Inoue K et al. Acta Med Okayama 1998; 52(6):305310
References 4:
Tungekar MF and Linehan J. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1998; 51:583587
Thyroglobulin is a heavily glycosylated protein of 670kD composed of two identical subunits and is synthesized by the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Thyroglobulin provides iodination sites for the formation of the thyroid hormones.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1D4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Male DK et al. Immunology. 54: 419427 (1985)
References 2:
Shepherd PS et al. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 10: 291295 (1985)
References 3:
Chan CTJ et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 70: 516523 (1987)
Mouse anti-Progesterone Receptor (A/B Forms), clone16 and SAN27
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
human
Immunogen:
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the N-terminal region of the A form of the human progesterone receptor generating clone 16 and a prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the 164 amino acid N-terminal region unique to the B form of the progesterone receptor generating clone SAN27.
The human progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed as two isoforms, PRA (94 kD) and PRB (114 kD), which function as ligand-activated transcription factors. In vitro studies have indicated that PRA and PRB can activate different target genes and that PRA, in some circumstances, may act as a dominant inhibitor of the function of PRB and other steroid hormone receptors. PRA and PRB are both expressed in normal breast. Most endometrial carcinomas, however, are reported to express only one isoform with either PRA or PRB being expressed. The cocktail has been formulated using two clones, clone 16, specific for PRA, and SAN27, specific for PRB.
The human progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed as two isoforms, PRA (94 kD) and PRB (114 kD), which function as ligand-activated transcription factors. These two isoforms are transcribed from distinct estrogen receptor (ER)-inducible promoters within a single copy PR gene. Clone 16 is specific for a region of the N-terminus of the A form of PR. The precise epitope has not been mapped but it reacts with both A and B forms of PR by Western blot but only with the A form by immunohistochemistry. This suggests that the epitope is inaccessible in the native folded B form of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
16
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 324 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hungermann D et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 198: 487494
Estrogen receptor (ER) content of breast cancer tissue is an important parameter in the prediction of prognosis and response to endocrine therapy. The introduction of highly specific monoclonal antibodies to ER has allowed the determination of receptor status of breast tumors to be carried out in routine histopathology laboratories.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
6F11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bevitt DJ et al. Journal of Pathology 1997; 183(2), 228232
References 2:
Kaplan, PA et al. Am J Clin Pathol 2005: 276280
References 3:
Zafrani B et al. Histopathology 2000; 37(6), 536545
References 4:
Harvey JM et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1999; 17(5), 14741481
References 5:
Khan SA et al.European Journal of Cancer 2000; 36(Suppl 4), S27S28
This antibody is specific to a 45 kDa protein, which is identified as MyoD1. This antibody is specific to an epitope of amino acid 3-56 in the N-terminus of mouse MyoD1. This antibody does not react with myogenin, Myf5 or Myf6. MyoD1 stains the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissues. MyoD1 is not detected in normal adult tissue but is expressed strongly in the tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcomas.
The antibody reacts with mucin from small and large intestine and to a weaker extent with salivary and breast epithelia. Stomach, pancreas, kidney, and ovary epithelia are negative. Positive reaction of gastric cancer and colon cancer (antibody shows a relative high specificity for colon carcinoma). Reactivity on cultured cell lines: LS 174 T (colon cancer cell line). Positive control: Small intestine.
The gene coding for p53 oncoprotein is located on chromosome 17p. Allele loss at this chromosome site has frequently been seen in many tumours including lung, colon, breast and brain. Expression of p53 oncoprotein was not detected in normal mucosa, whereas mutation results in a detectable expression of the p53 protein. It is therefore suggested that immunocytochemical detection of p53 protein is an indication for malignancy. Positive control: Breast carcinoma.
NKX3.1 is a prostate specific androgen-regulated homeobox gene located on chromosome 8p. It is difficult to distinguish between high grade prostate adenocarcinoma and high grade infiltrating urothelial carcinoma using hematoxylin and eosin stained specimens. Current prostate adenocarcinoma markers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) are very useful in determining prostate origin of prostate cancer in other sites, but have lower sensitivity when identifying poorly differentiated compared to well differentiated cases. NKX3.1 is a sensitive and specific tissue marker of prostate adenocarcinoma and can be used to help distinguish it from urothelial carcinomas. Currently, thrombomodulin and uroplakin are used to identify tumors of urothelial origin; however, their sensitivities are suboptimal.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP356
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gurel B, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:1097-105
References 2:
Chuang AY, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:1246-55
M7I-3 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP7 (ABCC10), an approximately 160 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M7I-3 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP7, containing amino acids 194-272 of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M7I-3
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
M5I-10 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP5 (ABCC5), an approximately 160 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M5I-10 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of mouse Mrp5, containing amino acids 1-38 of the protein. The Mab also strongly reacts with the human MRP5 protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M5I-10
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
M9II-3 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP9 (ABCC12), an approximately 150 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M9II-3 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP9, containing amino acids 690-734 of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M9II-3
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ono N et al. Biochem J 2007; 406: 31-40
References 2:
Kruh GD et al. Pflugers Arch 2007; 453: 675-84
References 3:
Bera TK et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2002; 99: 6997-7002
M9I-38 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP9 (ABCC12), an approximately 150 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M9I-38 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP9, containing amino acids 1-42 of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M9I-38
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ono N et al. Biochem J 2007; 406: 31-40
References 2:
Kruh GD et al. Pflugers Arch 2007; 453: 675-84
References 3:
Bera TK et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2002; 99: 6997-7002
M8I-74 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP8 (ABCC11), an approximately 150 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M8I-74 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP8, containing amino acids 1-83 of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M8I-74
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kruh GD et al. Pflugers Arch 2007; 453: 675-84
References 2:
De Wolf CJ et al. FEBS J 2007; 274:439-50
References 3:
Oguri T et al. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6: 122-7
References 4:
Park S et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006; 99: 9-17
The presence of prostate specific antigen is highly specific for demonstration of the prostatic origin of a malignancy. Mab ER-PR8 has been shown to be a valuable reagent for the identification of primary and metastatic prostatic carci-noma. The antibody reacts with a 34kD protein in benign and malignant prostatic epithelium. Positive control: Prostatic benign hyperplasia.
The human Mucin-1 antibody is reactive with 90% of breast carcinoma, most epithelial ovarian carcinoma and a high portion of the lung, urogenital and gastrointestinal carcinomas. Some reactivity is observed in the apical membrane of normal breast epithelium. Weak reactivity is also present in pancreas, kidney and lung. BC-2 reacts with a five amino acid epitope of the MUC-1 core protein which is less affective for glysosilation than most other MUC-1 epitopes. Localization: cytoplasm and membrane. Positive control: Mamma carcinoma.
Oct-binding factor-1 (OBF1), also known as BOB.1, is a B-cell-specific coactivator which has been mapped to chromosome 11q23. Expression of BOB.1/OBF.1 is restricted largely to mature B-cells, with germinal center B-cells normally staining for BOB.1.2,3 Analyses of BOB.1/OBF.1 expression in a variety of established B-cell lines representing different stages of B-cell development has suggested a constitutive, B-cell-specific expression pattern. LP cells in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, because they are germinal center-derived, are consistently immunoreactive for BOB.1. Conversely, only some cases of classical Hodgkin lymphoma show BOB.1 immunoreactivity within the Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Expression of BOB.1/OBF.1 has been reported in follicular center cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and some cases of acute myeloid leukemia. B-CLL, marginal zone lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma may show weak to moderate immunoreactivity.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG-1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP92
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Junker S, et al. Genomics. 1996; 33:143-5
References 2:
Steimle-Grauer SA, et al. Virchows Arch. 2003; 442:284-93
The antibody reacts with 170 - 220 kD cell surface glycoproteins (CD45), the Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA), expressed selectively on hematopoietic cells. It gives a pronounced staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cells, and can be used to differentiate between lymphomas and carcinomas. Positive control: Tonsil.
The M4I-80 Mab was selected after immunization with a fusion protein containing the E. coli maltose binding protein and a fragment of the human MRP4 protein corresponding to amino acids 372-431. MRP4 transports cyclic nucleotides and anti-retroviral compounds. The M4I-80 Mab also reacts with the mouse orthologue of the transporter molecule (Mrp4).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M4I-80,
Concentration:
200 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
The antibody reacts with free soluble (17 kDa) and membrane (26 kDa) human TNF-alpha. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of both forms. It does not react with receptor bound TNF-alpha. It can be a useful tool to discriminate between the membrane form of TNF expressed on producer cells and the proteolytically cleaved, soluble TNF-alpha bound to its cognate cell membrane receptors (TNF-RI and TNF-RII). For this purpose we recommend to use this antibody in combination with the anti-TNF-alpha antibody HM2026, which recognizes soluble, membrane and receptor bound TNF-alpha.
The antibody reacts with free soluble (17 kDa) and membrane (26 kDa) human TNF-alpha. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of soluble and membrane TNF-alpha. The antibody can be a useful tool to discriminate between receptor bound soluble (17 kDa) and the membrane (26 kDa) form of TNF-alpha. For this purpose we recommend to use this antibody in combination with the anti-TNF-alpha antibody HM2024, which recognizes only soluble and membrane TNF-alpha, but not the receptor bound TNF-alpha.
The monoclonal antibody HM102 recognizes the extracellular part of membrane-bound TNF-RII as well as the soluble form of TNF-RII which is generated by proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain. The soluble form can still bind TNF-alpha with high affinity and functions as a TNF-alpha antagonist. TNF-alpha is an important signalling protein in the immune system which can activate inflammatory responses, induce apoptosis, regulate cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. TNF-alpha can bind to two structurally distinct membrane receptors, TNF-RI and TNFRII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. TNFRI is believed to be expressed on nearly all cell types, whereas TNFRII exhibits more restricted expression, being found on certain subpopulations of immune cells and several other cell types. A dominant role of TNFRII has been shown in thymocyte activation by TNF-alpha, whereas induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely by TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. The antibody is a agonistic receptor modulating antibody. It enhances in vitro TNF alpha responses by increasing the affinity of the soluble form of TNF-alpha for TNF-RII.
The monoclonal antibody HM104 recognizes the extracellular part of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type I (TNF-RI) of the membrane-bound as well as the soluble receptor. TNF-RI (~55-60 kDa) is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha activates inflammatory responses, induces apoptosis, regulates cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. The effects of TNF-alpha are mediated by TNF-RI and TNF-RII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is efficiently activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. TNF-RI signaling is initiated when trimeric TNF-alpha binds TNF-RI receptors. Subsequent TNF-RI trimerization promotes the recruitment of a proximal signaling complex composed of TNF Receptor Associated protein with a Death Domain (TRADD), Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP), cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1 (cIAP1), TNF Receptor Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2), and likely TRAF5. Studies with TNF-RI-deficient mice indicate that TNF-RI mediates most of the proliferation, pro-inflammatory, and apoptosis-activating pathways.
The antibody MR2-1 reacts with the extra-cellular part of the TNF-RII. It also reacts with the soluble receptor. TNF-RII is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. TNF-RII molecule is shown to be responsible for stimulation of activated T-lymphocytes by TNF-alpha. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural TNF-RII.
The antibody MR1-2 reacts with the extra-cellular part of the TNF-RI. It also reacts with the soluble receptor. TNF-RI is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha: Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural TNF-RI.
The antibody reacts with human native and recombinant TNF-alpha as assessed by ELISA. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of human native and recombinant TNF-alpha as determined with L929 cells in a cytotoxicity assay. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural TNF-alpha and lacks crossreactivity with human lymphotoxin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4H31
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gerspach; J et al. Microsc Res Tech 2000; 50: 243
References 2:
Limb, GA et al Br J Ophthalmol 1996, 80: 168
References 3:
Laan van der; N et al. Arch Dermatol Res 2001; 293: 226
The monoclonal antibody V1q recognizes mouse tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?). TNF-? is the prototype cytokine of the family of TNF-related ligands, which are based on structural and functional homologies. TNF-? is synthesized as type II transmembrane protein. TNF-? can be recognized by two different membrane receptors, namely TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. TNF-? is present in a membrane-bound (tmTNF) as well as soluble form (sTNF). The membrane-bound form of TNF-? is recognized by both TNF receptors with high affinity, whereas the soluble form is recognized more superiorly by TNF-R1. TNF-? is produced by many different cell types including macrophages, T lymphocytes, NK cells, neutrophils and endothelial cells. Cells differ in the expression of the two TNF-receptors and sTNF versus tmTNF, respectively. TNF-?, a homotrimeric 17 kDa protein, is a potent mediator of inflammatory and metabolic functions. TNF-? was originally detected as a highly cytotoxic cytokine for tumor cells, it causes tumor necrosis in vivo and shows cytolytic activity against tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore, TNF-? has been implied as central mediator in shock induced by gram negative micro-organisms. TNF-? induces on its turn the production of many other cytokines. Furthermore, TNF-? has been found in inflammatory foci such as synovial effusions in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic circulation in septic shock, parasitemia and rejection of renal transplants. The monoclonal antibody V1q recognizes both natural and recombinant TNF-? and shows neutralizing activity.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
V1q
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Echtenacher; B et al. J Immunol 1990; 145: 3762
References 2:
Gerspach, J et al Microsc Res Tech 2000, 50: 243
References 3:
Demjen; D et al. Nat Med 2004; 10: 389
References 4:
Rajashekhar G et al. Physiol Genomics 2007; 31: 104
The monoclonal antibody 80M2 recognizes the extracellular part of- membrane-bound TNF-RII as well as- the soluble form of TNF-RII which is generated by proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain. The soluble form can still bind TNF-alpha with high affinity and functions as a TNF-alpha antagonist.- TNF-alpha is an important signaling protein in the immune system which can activate inflammatory responses, induce apoptosis, regulate cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. TNF-alpha can bind to two structurally distinct membrane receptors, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. TNFRI is believed to be expressed on nearly all cell types, whereas TNFRII exhibits more restricted expression, being found on certain subpopulations of immune cells and several other cell types. A dominant role of TNF-RII has been shown in thymocyte activation by TNF-alpha, whereas induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely by TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. The antibody is a non-agonistic receptor modulating antibody. It enhances in vitro TNF alpha responses by increasing the affinity of the soluble form of TNF-alpha for TNF-RII.
The monoclonal antibody H398 recognizes the extracellular part of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type I (TNF-RI) of the membrane-bound as well as the soluble receptor. TNF-RI (~55-60 kDa) is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha activates inflammatory responses, induces apoptosis, regulates cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. The effects of TNF-alpha are mediated by TNF-RI and TNF-RII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is efficiently activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. TNF-RI signaling is initiated when trimeric TNF-alpha binds TNF-RI receptors. Subsequent TNF-RI trimerization promotes the recruitment of a proximal signaling complex composed of TNF Receptor Associated protein with a Death Domain (TRADD), Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP), cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1 (cIAP1), TNF Receptor Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2), and likely TRAF5. Studies with TNF-RI-deficient mice indicate that TNF-RI mediates most of the proliferation, pro-inflammatory, and apoptosis-activating pathways.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
H398
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Thoma; B et al. J Exp Med 1990; 172: 1019
References 2:
Grell, M et al Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1993, 12: 143
References 3:
Scheurich; P et al. Tumor Necrosis factor 1993; 4: 52
References 4:
Grell M et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 570
References 5:
Krippner-Heidenreich A et al. J Immunol 2008; 180: 8176
MRP4 transports cyclic nucleotides and anti-retroviral compounds. The M4I-10 Mab also reacts with the mouse orthologue of the transporter molecule (Mrp4).
The antibody reacts with an internal epitope of MRP2, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein earlier known as the canalicular multi-organic anion transporter cMOAT, absent in patients with the Dubin-Johnson syndrome, an autosomal recessive liver disorder characterized by chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. MRP2 is a member of the MRP family of multidrug resistance related proteins, and MRP2 overexpression has been observed in a subset of cisplatin resistant cell lines. M2III-5 was raised against a fusion protein of the bacterial maltose binding protein and rat Mrp2, containing the 202-amino acid COOH terminal end of the transporter protein. The Mab detects rat, mouse and human MRP2. M2III-5 does not cross-react with the human MDR1 P-gp, MRP1, MRP3 orMRP5 gene products.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M2III-5
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
The rat monoclonal antibody LMR-42 detects an outer-surface epitope of a 55 kDa plasma membrane protein overexpressed in several human non-Pgpmultidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor cell lines. Expression cloning revealed that the LMR-42 antigen is identical to the human endothelial cell protein Creceptor (EPCR). Protein C is the zymogen of the key anticoagulant enzyme, activated protein C (APC).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LMR-42
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Flens MJ et al. Int J Cancer 1997; 73: 249
References 2:
Scheffer GL et al. J Cancer 2002; 1535-42
References 3:
Esmon CT et al. Crit Care Med 2004; 5 suppl: s298-301
BXP-53 reacts with an internal epitope of bcrp, a 70 kD transmembrane half-transporter which is involved in Multidrug resistance. BXP-53 also reacts with the human BCRP molecule.
The BXP-9 Mab was selected after immunization with a fusion protein containing the E. coli maltose binding protein and a fragment of the mouse bcrp protein corresponding to amino acids 221-394. BXP-9 reacts with an internal epitope of bcrp, a 70 kD transmembrane half-transporter which is involved in Multidrug resistance. BXP-9 does not react with the human BCRP molecule.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BXP-9
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
cell culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Doyle LA et al. Proc Nat Acad Sci 1998; 95: 15665-15670
M6II-31 reacts with MRP6, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance related protein MRP. Mutations in the MRP6 gene are responsible for the connective tissue disorder Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). M6II-31 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP6, containing amino acids 764-964, spanning the putative 12th transmembrane region as well as predicted internal and external regions of the protein. M6II-31 did not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, MRP4, MRP5 gene products.
M6II-21 reacts with MRP6, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance related protein MRP. Mutations in the MRP6 gene are responsible for the connective tissue disorder Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). M6II-21 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP6, containing amino acids 764-964, spanning the putative 12th transmembrane region as well as predicted internal and external regions of the protein. M6II-21 did not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, MRP4, MRP5 gene products. Unreactive on standard IHC-P.
M6II-7 reacts with MRP6, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is related to the multidrug resistance related protein MRP. Mutations in the MRP6 gene are responsible for the connective tissue disorder Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). M6II-7 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of human MRP6, containing amino acids 764-964, spanning the putative 12th transmembrane region as well as predicted internal and external regions of the protein. M6II-7 did not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, MRP4, MRP5 gene products. unreactive on standard IHC-P.
BXP-21 reacts with an internal epitope of BCRP, a 70 kD transmembrane half-transporter which is involved in Multidrug resistance. BXP-21 did not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 gene products.
p193-6 reacts with an internal epitope (amino acids 593-599, FSKVEDY) of the minor vault protein (p193 or VPARP), which is overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines, accordingly to an increase in the number of vault particles. p193-6 was raised against an E. coli lysate transformed with the pET28a(+) expression vector containing amino acids 408-611 of the p193 cDNA
p193-4 reacts with an internal epitope (amino acids 491-494, HPGE) of the minor vault protein (p193 or VPARP), which is overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines, accordingly to an increase in the number of vault particles. p193-4 was raised against an E. coli lysate transformed with the pET28a(+) expression vector containing amino acids 408-611 of the p193 cDNA.
p193-10 reacts with an internal epitope (amino acids 506-510, VALGK) of the minor vault protein (p193 or VPARP), which is overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines, accordingly to an increase in the number of vault particles. p193-10 was raised against an E. coli lysate transformed with the pET28a(+) expression vector containing amino acids 408-611 of the p193 cDNA.
BXP-34 Mab was selected after immunization with the mitoxanthrone resistant, BCRP overexpressing cell line MCF7 MR. BXP-34 reacts with an internal epitope of BCRP, a 70 kD transmembrane half-transporter which is involved in multidrug resistance. BXP-34 did not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2, MRP5 gene products.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BXP-34
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Doyle LA et al. Proc Nat Acad Sci 1998; 95: 15665-15670
References 2:
Scheffer GL et al. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 2589-2593
References 3:
van der Kolk DM et al. Blood; 99: 3763-3770
References 4:
van der Pol MA et al. Haematologica 2003; 88: 134-147
MVP-37 reacts with an internal epitope of MVP/LRP (p110), which is strongly overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines, accordingly to an increase in the number of vault particles.
The antibody was selected after immunization with a fusion protein consisting of Gluthathione S Transferase and a fragment of MDR3 P-gp comprising amino acid 629 - 692. P3II-26 reacts with an internal epitope of MDR3 P-gp. P3II-26 does not cross-react with the human MDR1 P-gp.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
P3II-26
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Format:
Protein G purified
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Scheffer G et al. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 5269-5277
References 2:
Hooiveld GJ et al. Gastroenterology 1999; 117; 678-687
M5II-54 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP5, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is closely related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP. M5II-54 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of MRP5, containing amino acids 722-910 of the protein. M5I-1 does not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 or MRP3 gene products
M5I-1 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP5, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is closely related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP. M5I-1 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of MRP5, containing amino acids 82-168 of the protein. M5I-1 does not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 or MRP3 gene products
M2II-12 reacts with an internal epitope of cMOAT/MRP2, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein known as the canalicular multi-organic anion transporter, absent in patients with the Dubin-Johnson syndrome, an autosomal recessive liver disorder characterized by chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. cMOAT/MRP2 is closely related to the multidrug resistance related protein MRP, and cMOAT/MRP2 overexpression has been observed in a subset of cisplatin resistant cell lines. M2II-12 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of cMOAB/M¬RP2, containing amino acids 860-950 of the protein. M2II-12 did not cross react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP3 and MRP5 gene products.
The antibody reacts with an internal epitope of MRP3, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is closely related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M3II-21 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of MRP3, containing amino acids 830-949 of the protein. M3II-21 does not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 or MRP5 gene products. M3II-21 has potential value for detection of MRP3-mediated drug-resistance in human tumor samples.
M3II-9 reacts with an internal epitope of MRP3, a 190-200 kD transmembrane protein that is closely related to the multidrug resistance protein MRP1. M3II-9 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of MRP3, containing amino acids 830-949 of the protein. M3II-9 does not cross-react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 or MRP5 gene products
The monoclonal antibody HM.11 recognizes modified amino acid nitrotyrosine in all different species. Nitrotyrosine is formed in tissues in presence of the active metabolite NO and is a stable end product of nitrosylation of tyrosine. Inflammation is characterized by increased nitric oxide (NO) production. NO reacts rapidly with superoxide to form peroxynitrite. At physiological pH and in the presence of transition metals, peroxynitrite undergoes heterolytic cleavage to form hydroxyl anion and nitronium ion, the latter of which nitrates protein tyrosine residues. The presence of nitrotyrosine has been detected in various inflammatory processes including atherosclerotic plaques, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Thus, the presence of nitrotyrosine on proteins can be used as a marker for peroxynitrite formation in vivo and consequently as a marker of NO-mediated tissue damage. The monoclonal antibody HM.11 recognizes nitrotyrosine, both with the free amino acid as well as with proteins containing nitrotyrosine
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HM11
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ter Steege; J et al. Free Radic Biol Med 1998; 25: 953
References 2:
Casoni, F et al J Biol Chem 2005, 280: 16295
References 3:
Han; F et al. Resuscitation 2008; 79: 301
References 4:
Tsuhako H et al. Free radic Biol Med 2010; 48: 704
References 5:
Brunelli L et al. Metabolic brain disease 2012; 27:37
LMR5 reacts with an internal epitope of the LRP/Major Vault Protein (P110), which is strongly overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LMR5
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
supernatant with 1% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Scheper RJ et al. Int.J.Cancer 1993; 53: 1475-1479
M2III-6 reacts with an internal epitope of cMOAT/MRP2, a 170-180 kD transmembrane protein known as the canalicular multi-organic anion transporter, absent in patients with the Dubin-Johnson syndrome, an autosomal recessive liver disorder characterized by chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. cMOAT/MRP2 is closely related to the multidrug resistance related protein MRP, and cMOAT/MRP2 overexpression has been observed in a subset of cisplatin resistant cell lines. M2III-6 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of cMOAB/MRP2, containing the 202-amino acid COOH terminal end of the protein. M2III-6 did not cross react with the human MDR1, MRP1, MRP3 and MRP5 gene products.
Mab RNL-1, directed against N-CAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule), reacts with normal neural tissues and endocrine glands, such as pancreatic islet, pituitary gland and adrenal medulla. Expression was also found in Leydig cells of the testis, in the thyroid and in smooth-muscle cells of the small intestine, colon and bladder. The antibody is a valuable marker for the characterization of several neuroendocrine tumors. In immunoblotting (Western) the antibody is reactive with 3 main clusters of protein bands in the molecular weight region of 200 kD, 100 kD, and 25-27 kD. Positive control: Pancreatic islet cells (cell surface staining).
The antibody reacts with an internal epitope of MRP1, a 180-195 kD transmembrane transporter protein overexpressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines. MRPm5 was raised against a bacterial fusion protein of MRP1, containing amino acids 986-1204 of the protein. MRPm5 does not cross-react with the human MDR1 and MDR3 gene products.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRPm5
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Format:
Protein G purified
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cole S et al. Science 1992; 258: 1650-1654
References 2:
Flens M et al. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 4557-4563
References 3:
Zaman et al. Proc Nat Acad Sci 1994; 91: 8822-8826
LRP-56 reacts with an internal epitope of the LRP-protein (P110), which is strongly over-expressed in various human non-P-glycoprotein MDR tumor cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LRP-56
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
supernatant with 1% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Scheper RJ et al. Int.J.Cancer 1993; 53: 1475-1479
References 2:
List AF et al. Blood 1993; 82: 443a
References 3:
Izquierdo MA et al. ProcAACR 1993; 34: 311
References 4:
Scheper RJ et al. Proc.Am.Ass Cancer Res. 1994; 54: 4557-4563
References 5:
Scheffer GL et al. Proc Am Ass Cancer Res 1995; 36: 323
The antibody is specific for Synaptophysin. The specificity was ascertained by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The antibody predominantly reacts with a 38 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein from synaptic vesicles.
The antibody recognizes a heterodimeric glycoprotein of 145, 185 kD which has been identified as NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Module). Detection of NCAM on cultured cells and in frozen tissue sections. The antibody is further useful for studies on neoplasms of the lung and the nervous system.
The antibody reacts with a conserved cytoplasmic epitope of the plasma membrane-associated 170-180 kD glycoprotein, the expression of which is strongly correlated with the degree of multi-drug-resistance (MDR) derived MDR cell lines and human MDR cell lines, including cell lines derived from lung, ovaries and B cell lymphomas. Target species: Human, cross-reaction: Chinese hamster. No cross-reaction: mouse and rat.
The antibody reacts with a Guinea pig lymphocyte subset probably analog to human CD8 (cytotoxic/suppressor) subset. CD8 comprises 2 subunits, alpha and beta and exists as either an alpha/alpha homodimer or an alpha/beta heterodimer. Sequence suggests that guinea pig CD8 is more closely related to human than rat or mouse CD8. Although this monoclonal originally was developed for the detection of a Guinea pig lymphocyte subset, it also can be used as a negative control for the JSB-1 monoclonal antibodies because it is of the same IgG subclass.
NK cells make up approximately 10% - 25% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In addition, NCAM is expressed on a variety of neural tissues and some tumors of neuro-endocrine origin, such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The CD56 antigen is not expressed on other immune cells. MOC-1 detects an isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expressed on natural killer (NK) cells of approximately 145 kDa
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MOC-1
Concentration:
50 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
0.01 M sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl; pH 7.3, 0.2% BSA, 0.09% sodiumazide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De Leij, L., et al., 1985. Cancer Research 45: 2192-2200
The antibody is directed against a single band of 180 kD of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and shows no cross-reactivity neither with bilary glycoprotein (BGP) nor with non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA).
The antibody stains over 95% of primary renal cell carcinomas and 60% of metastases of renal cell carcinoma and glomerular visceral epithelium and proximal tubules in normal kidney (cytoplasmic). It does not stain epithelial cells of non-renal malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RC38
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Oosterwijk E et al. (1986). Am J Pathol 123, 301-309
The antibody recognizes a transmembrane glycoprotein of 140 and 180 kD which has been identified as NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Module). At the international Workshop on SCLC antibodies 123C3 has been categorized as cluster 1 antibody. All cells in small cell carcinomas and carcinoids of the lung are strongly positive for 123C3. A minority of cases of other major types of lung carcinoma are sometimes positive as well: however this positivity is generally weak and focal. Adenoid cystic carcinomas of bronchial glands are strongly positive. Neuroblastoma's and Wilms tumors are usually also staining strongly positive. In non-small lung cell carcinomas, 123C3 staining has been associated with more advanced stage and a decreased survival after surgery. Furthermore, this antibody can be used to support diagnosis of lymphoma or to detect residual disease for cases of CD56 positive T/NK -cell lymphoma in which the neoplastic lymphoid cells are small and show minimal atypia, especially in small biopsies.
The antibody stains 80% of non-mucinous primary and metastatic ovarian cancers. This monoclonal antibody is used for the identification of primary and metastatic non-mucinous ovarian carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma cells in peritoneal fluids. It rarely stains nongynaecological malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OV632
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleuren GJ et al. (1987) Virchows Archiv A, 410, 481-486
References 2:
Boerman OC et al. (1991) Int J Gynecol 10, 15-23
References 3:
Delahye H et al., (1991) J Pathol 165 137-143
References 4:
Boerman OC et al. (1991) Anticancer Res 10, 1289-1296
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-2. Reactivity in other species has not been determined, but the 13-mer peptide used for the immunization shows a 100% match with rabbit MMP-2, and differs on only 1 amino acid with rat and mouse MMP-2. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and showed mild cross-reactivity with MMP-3.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-1. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and did not cross-react.
Monoclonal Anti-IDH1 (R132H) recognizes only the R132H mutation of human IDH1 (R132H) and does not cross react with other mutations. The most frequent known mutation (>90%) is the alteration of arginine to histidine (R132H).6. Hence, antibodies that recognize the IDH1R132H mutation can be useful for the diagnosis of mutation-bearing tumors like gliomas. Positive control Human Glioma tissue
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Hmab-1
Concentration:
lot specific
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Capper et al. Pathol 2010;20(1):245-254
References 2:
Capper et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34(8):1199-1204
P16 is a mitotic inhibitor protein. It competes with D-type cyclins to bind to cdk4 and cdk6. It acts as tumor suppressor and inhibits the progression of cells through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Positive Control Tissue Uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
JC2
Concentration:
lot specific
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sherr et al. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1994;59:11-19
PTEN gene is a tumor suppressor gene that maps to chromosome 10q23. PTEN, a novel tumor suppressor, functions as a regulator of both cell cycle progression and apoptosis ). Potentially, mutation and deletion of PTEN gene may result in a new signal transduction pathway related to human malignant tumors. Studies have demonstrated a reduction of PTEN expression in advanced breast cancers. Positive control tissue Breast, Renal Cell and Prostate carcinomas
The programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) protein is a cell-surface receptor on certain lymphocytes that, with its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), helps to down-regulate immune responses. Many cancer types express PD-L1 and evade immune recognition via the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Precision therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have the potential to improve response and thereby offer a novel treatment avenue to some patients with cancer.
Monoclonal antibody aE11 reacts with a C9 neoantigen of the terminal complement complex (TCC). The three distinct activation pathways of complement converge with the formation of a C5 convertase. The cleavage of C5 by this convertase initiates the lytic or terminal pathway. In contrast to the activation pathways, which require enzymatic cleavage for activation, the terminal pathway relies on conformational changes induced by binding. Binding of C6 facilitates binding of C7 which alters the conformation of the complex. After binding of C8, a variable number of C9 molecules associate with the C5b678 complex, which is also termed- the terminal complement complex (TCC). The formation of TCC causes lysis of cells or can trigger a variety of cellular metabolic pathways resulting in the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators. The TCC contains neoantigens that are absent from the individual native components.- C9 neoantigens are present both in the membrane-bound (MAC) and the fluid-phase (SC5b-9) complex. TCC is present in normal human plasma and increased in patients with complement activation.
The monoclonal antibody K5A6 recognizes human liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) of both natural and recombinant origin. The L-FABP protein is derived from the human FABP1 gene. FABPs are small intracellular proteins (~13-14 kDa) with a high degree of tissue specificity that bind long chain fatty acids. They are abundantly present in various cell types and play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids, transport and metabolism. There are at least nine distinct types of FABP, each showing a specific pattern of tissue expression. Due to its small size, FABP leaks rapidly out of ischemically damaged necrotic cells leading to a rise in serum levels. Ischemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. L-FABP is localized in the liver, kidney and intestinal epithelium. The monoclonal antibody K5A6 is useful to detect ischemic areas of human liver.
The monoclonal antibody L2B10 recognizes human liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) of both natural and recombinant origin. The L-FABP protein is derived from the human FABP1 gene. FABPs are small intracellular proteins (~13-14 kDa) with a high degree of tissue specificity that bind long chain fatty acids. They are abundantly present in various cell types and play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids, transport and metabolism. There are at least nine distinct types of FABP, each showing a specific pattern of tissue expression. Due to its small size, FABP leaks rapidly out of ischemically damaged necrotic cells leading to a rise in serum levels. Ischemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. L-FABP is localized in the liver, kidney and intestinal epithelium. The monoclonal antibody L2B10 is useful to detect ischemic areas of human liver. Furthermore, the antibody can be used for the purification of human L-FABP.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
L2B10
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bax; D et al. Scand J Gastroenterology 2007; 42: 902
The monoclonal antibody 1G11B1 recognizes vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). VCAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion molecules, which includes ICAMs, PECAM-s and MADCAM, and is involved in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The immunoglobulin superfamily is a type I transmembrane protein characterized by extracellular immunoglobin domains, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. They are essential for the development of the embryo and for immune and inflammatory responses. These transmembrane glycoproteins mediate cell interaction with, and adhesion to, other cells and the extracellular matrix. VCAM-1 contains six immunoglobulin domains of the H-type and interacts with VLA-4 expressed on leukocytes. Multiple adhesion molecules play a role in leukocyte recruitment. The process of migration of a leukocyte through the vascular endothelium consists of the following steps: leukocyte-endothelium interaction (first tethering and rolling and than adhesion) and transendothelial migration. VCAM-1 is almost not expressed under physiological conditions. However, under appropriate pro-inflammatory conditions where the endothelium is exposed to inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-? or IL-1b and becomes activated, VCAM-1 gene expression is rapid elevated by the vascular endothelium. There is also a soluble form of VCAM-1 which is angiogenic and chemotactic for endothelial cells. sVCAM-1 is up-regulated in several disease states (eg, myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary antiphospholipid syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis).
ENA2 reacts with E-selectin CD62-E, previous designated the Endothelial Leucocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). The antibody reacts with human endothelial cells activated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 or endotoxin. The antibody was found to react also with cells transfected with the E-selectin gene. The antibody inhibits the adhesion of granulocytes both neutrophilic and eosinophilic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ENA2
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Eur J Immunol 1989; 19: 715
References 2:
Leeuwenberg, JFM et al Clin and Exp Immunol 1990, 81: 496
References 3:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Immunology 1990; 71: 301
References 4:
Leeuwenberg JFM et al. J Immunology 1990; 145: 2110
ENA1 reacts with E-selectin CD62-E, previous designated the Endothelial Leucocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). The antibody reacts with human endothelial cells activated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 or endotoxin. The antibody was found to react also with cells transfected with the E-selectin gene. The antibody inhibits the adhesion of granulocytes both neutrophilic and eosinophilic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ENA1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Eur J Immunol 1989; 19: 715
References 2:
Leeuwenberg, JFM et al Clin and Exp Immunol 1990, 81: 496
References 3:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Immunology 1990; 71: 301
References 4:
Leeuwenberg JFM et al. J Immunology 1990; 145: 2110
The antibody binds to the 10 kD eosinophil Major Basic Protein (MBP) of both resting and activated eosinophils in cytospins and frozen sections of bronchial and skin biopsies of allergic sites and normal sites and thus can be used as a "pan-eosinophil" marker. The antibody BMK-13 stains in frozen sections of bronchial biopsies from atopic asthmatics, rhinitics and normal non-atopic subjects, substantially higher counts of positive cells when compared to EG1, EG2 and chromotrope 2R. BMK-13 cross-reacts weakly with human basophils, which also contain low level of this protein. It does not cross-react with any other human protein or cell.
This antibody stains all human blood vessels including brain microvessels. Both large and small vessels are equally reactive. The EN4 antigen is preserved in endothelial cells in culture unlike the PAL-E antigen which is lost. It stains strongly murine fibroblasts transfected with the human CD31 gene. On surface-iodinated Jurkat T cells it recognizes the 130 kD CD31 antigen. EN4 also binds to guinea-pig and cat endothelium, but not to rabbit, bovine, sheep, dog, rat or mice endothelial cells. No other structures in the skin, heart, kidney, tonsils or spleen are stained with this antibody.
The antibody only stains human and various animal blood vessels with exception of arteries. It does not stain rat, mouse and chicken endothelium. The antibody is useful for immunohistochemistry on acetone fixed frozen sections. Not useful on cellsuspensions and Western blotting.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-E
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jones, R.R., et al., J. Clin. Path. 39, 742-749 (1986).
References 2:
Holden, C.A., et al., J. Immun. Meth. 91, 45-52 (1986).
References 3:
Schlingemann, R.O., et al., Laboratory Investigation 52, 71 (1987).
CD22 protein may be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. CD22 is expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of B-cells. CD22 is especially useful in diagnostics of hairy cell leukemia and classification of the B-cell lymphomas.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
CD14 antigen is a GPI-linked glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55kD. The CD14 antigen is expressed on cells of the myelomonocytic lineage including monocytes, macrophages and Langerhans cells. Low expression is observed on neutrophils and on human B cells. CD14 antigen is a receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). LBP and CD14 antigen serves two physiological roles. These proteins act as opsonin and opsonic receptor, respectively, to promote the phagocytic uptake of bacteria or LPScoated particles by macrophages.
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor which is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. The androgen receptor is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the androgen receptor is as a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype.
AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.
Cytokeratins are classified into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). Cytokeratins play a critical role in differentiation and tissue specialization and function to maintain the overall structural integrity of epithelial cells. Cytokeratins have been found to be useful markers of tissue differentiation which is directly applicable to the characterization of malignant carcinomas.
Ki67, also known as MKI67, is aprototypic cell cycle related nuclear protein, expressed by proliferating cells in all phases of the active cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M phase). It is absent in resting (G0) cells. Ki67 antibodies are useful in establishing the cell growing fraction in neoplasms (immunohistochemically quantified by determining the number of Ki67 positive cells among the total number of resting cells = Ki67 index). In neoplastic tissues the prognostic value is comparable to the tritiated thymidine labelling index. The correlation between low Ki67 index and histologically low grade tumours is strong. Ki67 is routinely used as a neuronal marker of cell cycling and proliferation
ERBB2: v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian). This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene has been reported in numerous cancers, including breast and ovarian tumors. Alternative splicing results in several additional transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms and others that have not been fully characterized
Glucagon, is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. Finally, the fourth peptide is similar to glicentin, an active enteroglucagon. Glucagon is secreted in the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin and glicentin are secreted from enteroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract. GLP1 and GLP2 are also secreted in selected neurons in the brain.
E-Cadherin is a 120 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is localized in the adherens junctions of epithelial cells. There, it interacts with the cytoskeleton through the associated cytoplasmic catenin proteins. In addition to being a calcium-dependent adhesion molecule, E-Cadherin is also a critical regulator of epithelial junction formation. Its association with catenins is necessary for cell-cell adhesion. These E-cadherin/catenin complexes associate with corical actin bundles at both the zonula adherens and the lateral adhesion plaques. Tyrosine phosphorylation can disrupt these complexes, leading to changes in cell adhesion properties. E-Cadherin expression is often down-regulated in highly invasive, poorly differentiated carcinomas. Increased expression of E-Cadherin in these cells reduces invasiveness. Thus, loss of expression or function of E-Cadherin appears to be an important step in tumorigenic progression.Tissue specificity: Non-neural epithelial tissues.
Desmin (DES), with 470-amino acid protein (about 52kDa), belongs to the intermediate filament family and Desmin is class III intermediate filaments found in muscle cells. Homopolymers of Desmin form a stable intracytoplasmic filamentous network connecting myofibrils to each other and to the plasma membrane.Mutations in Desmin are associated with desmin-related myopathy, a familial cardiac and skeletal myopathy (CSM), and with distal myopathies.Desmin is also expressed in smooth muscle cells of both airways and alveolar ducts and Desmin is a load-bearing protein that stiffens the airways and consequently the lung and modulates airway contractile response.
Cytokeratin 19, also known as KRT19, CK19, CK19, K1CS, MGC15366. Entrez Protein NP_002267. It is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically expressed in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelopes the developing epidermis.
Cytokeratin 18, also known as CK18, CYK18, KRT18. Entrez Protein NP_000215. It encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
CK17, also known as KRT17, it is the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 17. It is found in nail beds, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and other epidermal appendages. Mutations in this gene lead to Jackson-Lawler type pachyonychia congenita and steatocystoma multiplex. May play a role in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation. Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state. Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway. Involved in tissue repair.
Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is a 40 kDa cell surface antigen and this protein is expressed in almost all epithelial cell membranes but not on mesodermal or neural cell membranes. EpCAM is a Type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein and it is expressed on the basolateral membrane of cells by the majority of epithelial tissues, with the exception of adult squamous epithelium and some specific epithelial cell types including hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells. EpCAM expression has been reported to be a possible marker of early malignancy, with expression being increased in tumor cells, and de novo expression being seen in dysplastic squamous epithelium. This cell surface, glycosylated 40kD protein is highly expressed in the bone marrow, colon, lung, and most normal epithelial cells and is expressed on carcinomas of gastrointestinal origin.
CD10 is a 100kDa glycoprotein, also designated Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. CD10 is also present on breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells.
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1RII. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The IL-1RII is part of the antagonistic IL-1 mechanism. It is also known as decoy receptor and is a non signaling molecule which functions by capturing IL-1 and preventing it from interacting with the signalling IL-1RI. The decoy IL-1RII can after binding to IL-1 also recruit the IL-1 receptor accessory protein and thus inhibit by coreceptor competition. Further a soluble form of IL-1RII exists which is shed, a process in which matrix metalloproteases have been found to play a role, by various cells including monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, B cells and fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6G5
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mantovani; A et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840: 338
Mouse gamma light chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot) and exhibits no reactivity to mouse lambda light chain. No detectable reactivity with human IgG as tested by ELISA. Available in unconjugated MON5083, FITC conjugated MON5083F, HRP conjugated MON5063H and Biotin conjugated MON5063B.
Mouse gamma light chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot) and exhibits no reactivity to mouse lambda light chain. No detectable reactivity with human IgG as tested by ELISA. Available in unconjugated MON5083, FITC conjugated MON5083F, HRP conjugated MON5063H and Biotin conjugated MON5063B.
Monoclonal antibody binds both natural and recombinant human gamma Interferon. Cross reactivity with other cytokines has not been found. The antibody does not react with rodent interferons or with alpha or beta interferons.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F14
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Meide van der; PH et al. J Immunol Methods 1985; 79: 293
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1ra3. IL-1ra3 belongs to the IL-1 system which includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1 R I and IL-1 R II) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Three molecular isoforms of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) have been identified and cloned. Secreted IL-1ra (sIL-1ra or IL-1ra1) contains a classical leader peptide giving a released mature protein. Two intracellular isoforms, icIL-1ra type I (IL-1ra2) and icIL-1 ra type II (IL-1ra3), have no leader sequence, thus predicting that these proteins remain intracellular. IL-1ra3 may represent a reservoir of IL-1 inhibitors, released upon cell death, whose function is to limit the pro-inflammatory action of cell debris. Studies have shown that IL-1ra3 is expressed by various cell types upon exposure to inflammatory signals but most prominently by mononuclear phagocytes and keratinocytes.
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1RII. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The IL-1RII is part of the antagonistic IL-1 mechanism. It is also known as decoy receptor and is a non signaling molecule which functions by capturing IL-1 and preventing it from interacting with the signalling IL-1RI. The decoy IL-1RII can after binding to IL-1 also recruit the IL-1 receptor accessory protein and thus inhibit by coreceptor competition. Further a soluble form of IL-1RII exists which is shed, a process in which matrix metalloproteases have been found to play a role, by various cells including monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, B cells and fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8.5
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mantovani; A et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840: 338
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D14e3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D1f3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Reg20
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Reg21
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the bacterial cell wall which is considered responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria) and TNFalpha nor does it bind to either human or rat IL-6. The antibody inhibits IL-6 induced proliferation of the B9 assay. IL-6 is a pluripotent 20-22 kDa cytokine which plays a role in the pathophysiology of severe infection and regulates the immune response, acute phase reaction and haematopoiesis. IL-6 plays a critical role in B-cell differentiation to plasma cells and is a potent growth factor for plasmacytoma and myeloma. Continuous IL-6 gene expression makes an essential contribution to a multistep oncogenesis of plasma cell neoplasia. IL-6 is a very useful culture supplement for the generation of a high number of antibody-producing hybridomas.
Monoclonal antibody F3 binds and neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse gamma Interferon. Its binding and neutralizing activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. F3 antibodies have been demonstrated to be able to inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These antibodies were furthermore shown to inhibit Shwartzman reactions and to protect NZB mice against spontaneous development of autoimmune disease. The antibody does not react with rat or human gamma interferon.
Monoclonal antibody F1 binds both natural and recombinant mouse gamma Interferon. Its binding activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. F1 antibodies have been demonstrated to be able to inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These antibodies were furthermore shown to inhibit Shwartzman reactions and to protect NZB mice against spontaneous development of autoimmune disease. The neutralizing activity of the antibody has been demonstrated as being poor in anti-viral assays. If a neutralizing antibody is specifically desired, we recommend the use of another antibody available from Hycult Biotech, namely F3 (prod. code HM1005) which recognizes a different epitope on the murine gamma Interferon molecule and in contrast to F1, exhibits strong neutralizing activity. The antibody does not react with rat or human gamma interferon
Mouse gamma 2a heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Useful in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic), immunohistochemistry on frozen sections and for affinity chromatog¬raphy of murine IgG1. Available unconjugated MON5068, HRP conjugated 5068H
Mouse gamma 2a heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Useful in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic), immunohistochemistry on frozen sections and for affinity chromatog¬raphy of murine IgG1. Available unconjugated MON5068, HRP conjugated 5068H
The monoclonal antibody F18 recognizes and neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse alpha Interferon (IFN-?). IFN-? is a cytokine that belongs to the type I interferons (IFN-I). IFN-? is secreted by many cell types including lymphocytes (NK cells, B-cells and T-cells), macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, microglia and others. Interferons stimulate both macrophages and NK cells to elicit an anti-viral response, and are also active against tumors. Although all cells can produce IFN-I, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce 1,000-fold higher levels than other cell types, and are responsible for systemic IFN-I responses to many viruses. They are coined as the natural IFN-producing cells. However, under deprived pDC condition, other dendritic cells are capable of producing high levels of IFN-I.<br /> Interferons were initially characterized for their ability to 'interfere' with viral replication, slow cell proliferation, and profoundly alter immunity. IFN-? has several regulatory roles and diverse biological activities, including control of cellular and humoral immune responses, inflammation, and tumor regression. In addition, IFN-? participates in the regulation of various cellular and humoral processes such as the endocrine system modulates behavior, brain activity, temperature, glucose sensitive neurons, feeding pattern and opiate activity.<br /> With the availability of monoclonal antibodies directed against IFN-?, it is possible to interpret results obtained from crude materials containing both IFN-? and IFNβ. The difficulties in studying in vitro and in vivo effects of 'type 1'. Interferons arise from the fact that both alpha and beta Interferons are produced in response to the same stimuli and also seem to act via the same receptor. These Interferon activities can only be distinguished from one another by use of specific neutralizing antibodies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F18
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dalod et al. J Exp Med 2002;195:517
References 2:
Diebold et al. Nature 2003;424:324
References 3:
Joshi et al. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2006;26:739
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 7 * 108 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available in unconjugated MON5057, HRP conjugated MON5057P
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Bcl-2 is a member of a family of proteins that are involved in apoptosis. Bcl-2 is an integral inner mitochondrial membrane protein of 25 kD and has a wide tissue distribution. It is considered to act as an inhibitor of apoptosis. For this reason, bcl-2 expression is inhibited in germinal centers where apoptosis forms part of the B cell production pathway.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
bcl-2/100/D5
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 56 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Von Haefen C et al. Oncogene. 2002; 21(25):4009-4019
References 2:
Takes RP et al.Journal of Pathology. 2001; 194:298-302
References 3:
Tweddle DA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 158(6): 2067-2077
References 4:
Ramani P et al. Journal of Pathology. 1994; 172:273-278
References 5:
Pezzella F et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1990; 137(2):225-232
E-cadherin is a Ca2+-dependent, transmembrane cell adhesion molecule. It plays an important role in the growth, development and the intercellular adhesion of epithelial cells. Most tumors have an abnormal architecture and any subsequent loss of adhesiveness is thought to be an important step in the development of local invasion. E-cadherin may have a role in neoplastic progression, particularly as a suppressor of invasion. In prostate cancers, for example, the expression of E-cadherin is reported to be reduced or absent in comparison with its expression in normal prostate which is uniformly strong. Reduced expression or absence of E-cadherin in addition to alpha, beta and gamma-catenin in primary breast carcinomas has also been reported and these four proteins are associated with the development of metastases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
36B5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Elston MS et al. J.of Clin.Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2009; 94(4):1436-1442.
References 2:
Munhoz NG et al. The Open Pathology Journal. 2009; 3:10-17
References 3:
Chetty R and Serra S. Histopathology 2008; 52: 325330
References 4:
Schott M et al. Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007; 92(9):3378- 3382
References 5:
Dansranjavin T et al. Oncology Reports. 2006; 15:1125-1131
The catenins, (alpha, beta and gamma) are cytoplasmic proteins which bind to the highly conserved tail of the E-cadherin molecule. Beta-catenin is a component of the adherens junction, a multiprotein complex which supports Ca2+ -dependent cell-to-cell contact, which in itself is critical for adhesion, signal transmission and for anchoring the actin cytoskeleton. Beta-catenin's role is as a transcription effector of the wnt-signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry is the best way to demonstrate nuclear expression of beta-catenin and wnt-pathway activation. This aberrant expression is observed in human tumorigenesis, and especially in colorectal cancer.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
17C2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 51 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Curia MC et al. Modern Pathology. 2008; 21:7-14
References 2:
Ortega P et al. Clinical Cancer Research. 2008; 14(14):995-1001
References 3:
Daa T et al. J. of Exp.Clin.Cancer Research. 2005; 24(1):83-87
References 4:
Fadare O et al. World Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2005; 3(38)
References 5:
Gamachi A et al.Modern Pathology. 2003; 16(11):1124-1131
Human alpha-sarcoglycan, also known as adhalin. Also crossreacts strongly with alpha-sarcoglycan in sections of muscle from mouse, rat, rabbit, hamster and pig. Does not react with chicken muscle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ad1/20A6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003)
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Mismatch repair gene MutS Homolog 6 is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) MutS protein homolog 6 (MSH6). MSH6 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PU29
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 200 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Warren J et al. Molecular Cell. 2007; 26:579-592
References 2:
Marti T et al. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2002; 191:28-41.
The biosynthesis of melanin in melanocytes involves a family of enzymes, a key member of which is tyrosinase. Tyrosinase deficiency is associated with various forms of albinism and in particular oculocutaneous albinism. L-tyrosinase is the initial substrate for melanin biosynthesis and its conversion to dopaquinone is catalyzed by tyrosinase, whose expression is reported in melanocytes and melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
T311
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 89 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shidham VB et al. BMC Cancer. 2003; 3(1):15
References 2:
Lohmann CM et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2002; 26(10):13511357
References 3:
Clarkson KS et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54(3):196200
References 4:
de Vries TJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 193(1):1320
References 5:
Jungbluth AA et al. Pathol Res Pract. 2000; 196(4):235242
The gene encoding WAF1, also termed p21, is transcriptionally regulated by the suppressor protein, p53. Overexpression of WAF1 is growth suppressive, possibly by inhibiting the activity of cyclin/CDK complexes. One consequence of WAF1 binding to cyclin/CDK is the inhibition of Rb protein phosphorylation. Induction of WAF1 expression requires wild type p53 activity in cells undergoing p53 dependent G1 arrest or apoptosis. Mutation of the p53 gene is a common event in human cancer and results in the failure to produce WAF1. The effect of this may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4D10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Göhring UJ et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 54: 866870 (2001)
References 2:
Schwerer MJ et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 54: 871876 (2001)
References 3:
Tweddle DA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 158 (6): 20672077 (2001)
References 4:
Garcia JF et al. Histopathology. 30: 120125 (1997)
ACTH or Adrenocorticotropic hormone is synthesized from pre-pro-opiomelanocortin (pre-POMC). ACTH is produced and secreted from corticotrophs in the anterior lobe (or adenohypophysis) of the pituitary gland. The anti-ACTH immunohistochemical reagent could be useful in the study of neoplastic and non-neoplastic pituitary diseases
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pizarro CB, et al. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2004; 37:235-43
References 2:
Kageyama K, et al. Am J Med Sci. 2002; 324:326-30
References 3:
Fan X, et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2002; 50:1509- 16
References 4:
Japon MA, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87:1879-84
The antibody reacts with secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI; also known as antileukoprotease (ALP)). SLPI is a 11.7 kDa cationic inhibitor of neutrophil elastase and to a lesser extent of cathepsin G. It is locally produced by epithelial cells in the lung, skin and other organs, by Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and (in mice) by macrophages. In addition to its proteinase inhibitory properties that may serve to protect against proteolytic injury, it was recently shown that SLPI also displays several other functions such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. These appear to be independent of its ability to inhibit PMN serine proteinases. SLPI has also been demonstrated to display antibacterial and antifungal activity at concentrations in which SLPI is present in mucosal secretions including those of the lung. Another possible role for SLPI is inhibition of protein-disulphide isomerase that is considered essential for invasion of a cell by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
NCL-CK5/6/8/18, NCL-L-CK5/6/8/18 and RTU-CK5/6/8/18 react with human cytokeratins 5, 6, 8 and 18. These products are cocktails of monoclonal antibodies designed to recognize cytokeratins reported to be expressed in almost all epithelial tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5D3/LP34
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mMsodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hatzfeld M and Weber K. Journal of Cell Biology. 116: 157166 (1992)
References 2:
Angus B et al. Journal of Pathology. 155: 7175 (1988)
References 3:
Ghosh A K et al. British Journal of Haematology. 61: 2130 (1985)
References 4:
Gatter KC et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 35: 12531267 (1982)
Human von Willebrand factor (or factor VIII-related antigen) is a 270 kD multimeric plasma glycoprotein. It mediates platelet adhesion to injured vessel walls and serves as a carrier and stabilizer for coagulation factor VIII. The von Willebrand factor has functional binding domains to platelet glycoprotein Ib, glycoprotein Ib/IIIa, collagen and heparin. Von Willebrand factor is synthesized by endothelial cells and is reported to be expressed in a number of tumors of vascular origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
36B11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Zhang Y et al. Human Pathology. 2005; 36:797-805
References 2:
Su H et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 2000; 97(25):13801-13806
Mismatch repair gene hMLH1 is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) MutL protein homolog 1 (MLH1). MLH1 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
ES05
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 165 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tamura G et al.World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006; 12(2): 192198
References 2:
Abdel-Rahman W et al. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 2006; 58: 208220
References 3:
Mitchell R et al. American Journal of Epidemiology 2002; 156:885902
References 4:
Kuismanen S et al. American Journal of Pathology 2000; 156(5): 17731779
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare tumor of the retina associated with mutations of chromosome 13. The nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the Rb tumor suppressor gene is present in many cells and may indirectly regulate cell growth by activating the transcription factor ATF-2. Activation of ATF-2 initiates expression of TGF-beta2, which in turn inhibits transcription of genes affecting cell growth. Bilateral mutation of the Rb gene may potentially play a role in the development of a number of malignant tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
13A10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jares P et al. Journal of Pathology. 182: 160-166 (1997)
References 2:
Karpeh MS et al. British Journal of Cancer. 72: 986-991 (1995)
References 3:
Stefanini M et al. Nature. 216: 173-174 (1967)
References 4:
Bartek J et al. Oncogene. 7: 101-108 (1992)
References 5:
Sanders BM et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 358-365 (1989)
The neural cell adhesion molecules are a family of closely-related cell surface glycoproteins thought to play a role in embryogenesis, development and contact-mediated interactions between neural cells. The CD56 antigen (NCAM) consists of four major isoforms generated by differential splicing of the RNA transcript from a single gene located on chromosome 5. The CD56 antigen is expressed on neurons, astrocytes, Schwann cells, NK cells and a subset of activated T lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CD564
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 11 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakamoto Y et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2007; 147:296-305
References 2:
Wicherek L et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006; 4:41
References 3:
Wicherek l et al. Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2006; 70:119-131
CD33 antigen is reported to appear on myelomonocytic precursor cells after CD34 antigen expression. It then continues to be expressed on both the myeloid and monocyte lineages, although it is reported to be absent on granulocytes. It has been reported that expression of CD33 is restricted to monocytes, premyelocytes, myeloid blasts, some acute undifferentiated leukemias and acute lymphoblastic leukemias.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PWS44
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 417 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bradshaw EM et al. Nature Neuroscience. 2013, 16(7): 848 852
References 2:
Hoyer JD et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2008; 129(2): 316 323.
Clones AE1 and AE3 are specific for the 56.5, 50, 50', 48 and 40 kD acidic cytokeratins as well as the 65 to 67, 64, 59, 58, 56 and 52 kD basic cytokeratins. The cocktail of clones AE1 and AE3 exhibit broad reactivity with two families of cytokeratin, acidic and basic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AE1/AE3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 225 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nadji M, Morales AR. Laboratory Medicine. 1983; 14:767
References 2:
Omata M et al. Am.J.of Clin. Pathol. 1980; 73:626
References 3:
Su T et al. Diagnostic Pathology. 2014; 9: 179
References 4:
Zhao W et al. Int.J. of Clin. and Exp.Pathol. 2014; 7(11): 7951-7956
References 5:
Hammers HJ et al. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 2010; 9(6): 1525-1535
Glucose transporter type I (GLUT1), a prototype member of GLUT super family, reacts with a 55 kD protein, is a membrane-associated erythrocyte glucose transport protein. It is a major glucose transporter in the mammalian blood-brain barrier, and also mediates glucose transport in endothelial cells of the vasculature, adipose tissue and cardiac muscle. GLUT1 is detectable in many human tissues including those of colon, lung, stomach, esophagus, and breast. GLUT1 is overexpressed in malignant cells and in a variety of tumors that include the breast, pancreas, cervix, endometrium, lung, mesothelium, colon, bladder, thyroid, bone, soft tissues, and oral cavity. Immuohistochemical detection of GLUT1 can discriminate between reactive mesothelium and malignant mesothelioma. Anti-GLUT1 with anti-Claudin1, and anti-EMA are perineurial markers in diagnosis of perineuriomas. Anti-GLUT1 is also useful in distinguishing benign endometrial hyperplasia from atypical endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. GLUT1 expression has been associated with increased malignant potential, invasiveness, and a poor prognosis in general. Expression of GLUT1 is a late event in colorectal cancer and expression in a high proportion of cancer cells is associated with a high incidence of lymph node metastases.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kato Y, et al. Mod Pathol. 2006; 20:215-20
References 2:
Afify A, et al. Acta Cytol. 2005; 49:621-6
References 3:
Parente P, et al. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2008; 27:34
The polyclonal antibody recognizes human intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) of both natural and recombinant origin. The I-FABP protein is derived from the human FABP2 gene. FABPs are small intracellular proteins (~13-14 kDa) with a high degree of tissue specificity that bind long chain fatty acids. They are abundantly present in various cell types and play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids, transport and metabolism. There are at least nine distinct types of FABP, each showing a specific pattern of tissue expression. Due to its small size, FABP leaks rapidly out of ischemically damaged necrotic cells leading to a rise in serum levels. Ischemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. I-FABP is localized in the small bowel epithelium, with highest expression level in the jejunum.
The CD7 molecule is a membrane-bound glycoprotein of 40 kD and is the earliest T cell specific antigen to be expressed in lymphocytes. CD7 antigen is also the only early marker to persist throughout differentiation. The function and role of the CD7 molecule has not yet been fully identified, although the activation of T cells with gamma/delta receptors has been proposed based on mAb-induced activation. CD7 antigen is reported to be found on the majority of peripheral blood T cells, most natural killer cells and thymocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LP15
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 351 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215-227
References 2:
Ormsby A et al. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2001; 45(3):405-413
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. NCL-EMERIN is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4G5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muschen M et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 2:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
The reactivity of the antiserum is restricted to the Fc part of the IgM molecule. In immunoelectrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion, using various antiserum concentrations against normal human serum a single precipitin line is obtained which shows a reaction of identity with the precipitin line obtained with purified IgM. No precipitation reaction is obtained with purified IgG, IgA, and IgG/Fab fragments. In precipitating techniques as immunoelectrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion to identify the presence of IgM in human serum and other body fluids or to determine its concentration. To prepare an immunoadsorbent for the purification of human IgM from serum or plasma.The antiSerum does not cross-react with any other component of the Human Ig system. Interspecies cross-reactivity is a normal feature of antibodies to immunoglobulins, since Ig of different species frequently share antigenic determinants. In immunoelectrophoresis crossreactivity of this antiSerum has not been observed with Serum of Rhesus Monkey, Cynomolgus and Baboon.
Granzymes are neutral serine proteases which are stored in specialized lytic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and in natural killer (NK) cells. These CTL and NK cells are heavily involved in the elimination of neoplastic and virally infected cells. Secretory granules containing perforin and granzymes are instrumental in undertaking cytolytic activity. Granzyme B is understood to enter a target cell through a perforin pore-formed channel to induce DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Granzyme B has also been described in neoplastic CTL and NK cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
11F1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 47 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lee HK et al. J Korean Med Sci. 2003; 18:272276
References 2:
Theate I et al.European Journal of Haematology. 2002; 69(4):248253
Geminin is a protein of 209 amino acids thought to be involved in the control of DNA replication via the interaction with Cdt1. Geminin is not found in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, but is first expressed in the G1 to S transition phase, with expression levels rising through the rest of the cell cycle and levels reaching a maximum during mitosis. It has been proposed that geminin may be a tumor suppressor protein. Geminin is reported to be expressed in proliferating lymphocytes and epithelial cells, for example, germinal centers in tonsil as well as in colon, spermatocytes, seminiferous tubules of the testes, within the basal layers of the squamous epithelium of the skin and breast. Geminin is reported to be upregulated in cancers such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, B cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma and colon carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EM6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
McGarry TJ and Kirschner MW. Cell. 1998; 93:10431053
The muscle-specific form of laminin, merosin, is composed of three chains: alpha 2, beta 1 and gamma 1.Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. Reacts strongly with laminin alpha 2 chain of merosin in human and rabbit skeletal muscle. No reaction is observed in muscle sections from mouse, rat, dog, chicken, hamster or pig. The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Mer3/22B2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to a 70 amino acid component of the N-terminal region of the cytokeratin 20 intermediate filament protein
Cytokeratin 20 has been demonstrated to be almost entirely confined to the gastric and intestinal epithelium, urothelium and Merkel cells of the skin. Cytokeratin 20 is less acidic than other type I cytokeratins and is of interest due to its restricted tissue expression. In normal tissue, cytokeratin 20 is expressed in intestinal epithelium, gastric foveolar epithelium, a number of endocrine cells in the upper portions of the pyloric glands, urothelium and Merkel cells in epidermis. In tumors it is reported, there is a marked difference in the expression of cytokeratin 20 within different carcinomas. Neoplasms expressing cytokeratin 20 are derived from normal epithelia which themselves expressed cytokeratin 20. Colorectal carcinomas consistently express cytokeratin 20, while gastric adenocarcinomas express cytokeratin 20 to a lesser degree. Adenocarcinomas of the gall bladder and bile duct, ductal cell adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, mucinous ovarian tumors, Merkel cell tumors and transitional cell carcinomas have also been reported to express cytokeratin 20.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PW31
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 37 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Campbell F and Herrington CS. Current Diagnostic Pathology. 2001; 7:113-122
References 2:
Leech SN et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:727-729
References 3:
Ferrari L et al. Anticancer Research. 1999; 19: 3415-3428
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase of 58 kD located in the cell nucleus which catalyzes the polymerization of deoxynucleotides at the 3' hydroxyl ends of oligo or polydeoxynucleotide initiators and functions without a template. TdT is reported to be expressed in primitive T and B lymphocytes of the normal thymus and bone marrow. The identification of TdT-positive cell populations in primary and secondary lymphoid organs during maturation of the immune system is one area of interest but it is the reported occurrence of high levels of enzyme activity in white blood cells and bone marrow in certain leukemias which is of particular interest.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SEN28
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tai YC and Peh SC. FSingapore Medical Journal. 2003; 44(5):250-255
Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. The myosin heavy chain has many isoforms which are specific for different muscles or fiber types, some of which are developmentally regulated. The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers and the course of muscle fiber regeneration. At the ultrastructural level, antibodies can reveal architectural details of the myofilament as well as the cytoplasmic and membrane sites of new myosin integration. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RNMy2/9D2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Davis CE et al. Neuromuscular Disorders. 1 (6): 411421 (1991)
References 2:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 91: 7178 (1989)
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein of 29 kD that is a member of the family of so-called EF-hand proteins that also includes S-100 proteins. Calretinin is reported to be abundantly expressed in neurons. Outside the nervous system, calretinin is reported to be expressed in a range of cell types including mesothelial cells, steroid producing cells, (for example adrenal cortical cells, Leydig cells, ovarian theca interna cells, Sertoli cells, some neuroendocrine cells, eccrine sweat glands) and other cell types.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CAL6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Groves P et al. Acta Biochimica Polonica 2001, 48(1), 113-119
References 2:
Rogers JH .The Journal of Cell Biology 1987, 105, 1343-1353
Cytoplasmic actins are part of the microfilament system of cytoskeletal proteins. Smooth muscle actin is found in vascular walls, intestinal muscularis mucosae and muscularis propria and in the stroma of various tissues. Enzyme pretreatment may enhance staining in some cases. Human alpha smooth muscle actin. Reactive with smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, gut wall, myometrium and arrectores pili of skin. Myoepithelial cells such as those in breast and salivary gland also contain actin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
alpha sm-1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 4,5 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Skalli O et al. The Journal of Cell Biology. 1986; 103:2787-2796
References 2:
Ramos JG et al. Endocrinology. 2003; 144(7):3206-3215
References 3:
Suárez-Vilela D and Izquierdo-Garcia FM. Histopathology. 2003; 43(4):398-400
References 4:
Vicario JH et al. Rev Fed Arg Cardiol. 2002; 31:441-449
References 5:
Barry-Lane PA et al. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2001; 108(10):1513-1522
The CD2 antigen (LFA-2) is a monomeric 45 to 58 kD glycoprotein. It is an accessory molecule important in mediating the adhesion of activated T cells and thymocytes with antigen-presenting cells and target cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AB75
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 56 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215227
DES-DERII reacts with an 18 kD rod piece of the intermediate filament protein desmin (53 kD) in muscle cells. The antibody does not appear to recognize other intermediate filament proteins. In normal tissues, Clone DE-R-11 reacts with both striated (skeletal and cardiac) and smooth muscle cells. The labeling is confined to the Z bands in skeletal and cardiac muscle giving a characteristic striated appearance.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DE-R-11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 27 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beaton LJ et al. Journal of Physiology. 2002; 544(Pt3):849-859
References 2:
Barber A et al.The FASEB Journal. 2001; 15:1158-1168
References 3:
Debus E et al.The EMBO Journal. 1983; 2(12):2305-2312
References 4:
Baghdiguian S et al. Nature Medicine. 1999; 5(5):503-511
References 5:
Lyall F et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 159(5):1827-1838
Reconstitute with 1 mL or 0.1 mL of sterile distilled water as indicated on vial label. The myotilin gene on chromosome 5q31 encodes a 498 amino acid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 57kD. Myotilin is a structural protein of sarcomeric Z discs and sarcolemma in human skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is homologous to palladin and titin in the two C-terminal lg-domains and also to palladin in its unique serine-rich N-terminal region. Myotilin interacts with alpha-actinin, actin and gamma-filamin. Mutations in the myotilin gene are associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1 A (LGMD1A) and one form of Myofibrillar Myopathy. It is highly conserved between human and mouse with its expression being more widespread in the embryo than in the adult. Expression of myotilin has been reported in adult skeletal and cardiac muscle with variable expression reported in the peripheral nervous system, lung, liver and kidney. NCL-MYOTILIN will be of use in studies to determine the expression of myotilin in normal and pathological tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RSO34
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mologni L et al. Mechanisms of Development. 103: 121125 (2001)
References 2:
Mykkänen OM et al. Mol. Biol. Cell. 12 (10): 30603073 (2001)
References 3:
Hauser MA et al. Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (14): 21412147 (2000)
References 4:
van der Ven PFM et al. Journal of Cell Biology. 151 (2): 235247 (2000)
References 5:
Salmikangas P et al. Human Molecular Genetics. 8 (7): 13291336 (1999
Bcl-6 is a proto-oncogene that encodes a Kruppel-type zinc-finger protein of 95 kD and shares homology with other transcription factors. Bcl-6 protein is mainly expressed in normal germinal center B cells and related lymphomas. It has been shown that the Bcl-6 proto-oncogene is involved in chromosome rearrangements at 3q27 in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Bcl-6 rearrangements have also been detected in 33-45% of diffuse large B cell lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry has been reported to show the Bcl-6 gene product to be detectable in follicular lymphomas, diffuse large B cell lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphomas and in nodular, lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease.
Anti-IgM reacts with immunoglobulin mu (IgM) chains. IgM is one of the predominant surface immunoglobulins on B-lymphocytes. This antibody is useful when differentiating and sub-classifying hematolymphoid neoplasms.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Arnold A, et al. New Eng J Med. 1983; 309:1593-1599
References 2:
Leong AS, et al. Geenwich Medical Media Ltd. 1999; 217-219
References 3:
Taylor CR. Arch Path Lab Med. 1978; 102:113-121
References 4:
Kojima M, et al. APMIS. 2002; 110:875-80
References 5:
Pambuccian SE, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997; 21:179-86
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme that assists rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. Originally named MN/G250, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a cell surface transmembrane protein, which is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract and gallbladder. The glandular regions of normal colon are reported to be negative, but in the case of adenocarcinoma, the glands are positive. CAIX is also reported to be expressed in common epithelial tumors such as carcinomas of the esophagus, lung, colon, kidney, cervix and non-small cell lung carcinoma.In breast carcinomas, CAIX expression has been reported to be associated with malignant tissue. Expression of CAIX is reported to be absent in normal kidney, chromophobe carcinomas or oncocytomas; however, it is specifically expressed in clear cell renal carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
TH22
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Swietach P et al. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 2007; 26:299310
References 2:
Potter C and Harris A. Cell Cycle. 2004; 3(2):164167
CD19 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and has two Ig like domains. It is a single chain glycoprotein present on the surface of B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells of the hematopoietic system. CD19 is a crucial regulator in B cell development, activation and differentiation. On B cells, CD19 associates with CD21, CD81 and CD225 (Leu-13) forming a signal transduction complex. CD19 is expressed from the earliest recognizable B cell lineage stage, through development to B cell differentiation but is lost on maturation to plasma cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BT51E
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 35 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fujimoto M and Sato S. Journal of Dermatological Science. 2007; 46:1-9
References 2:
Otero D et al. The Journal of Immunology. 2003; 170: 73-83
References 3:
Fujimoto M et al. Seminars in Immunology. 1998; 10:267-277
The CD30 antigen is a single chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 120 kD. CD30 antigen is known to act as a receptor for a cytokine ligand, CD30L, and may also play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and transformation. CD30 antigen is reported to be expressed on the surface of multinucleated Reed Sternberg cells, mononuclear Hodgkin's cells and in the majority of anaplastic large cell lymphomas. The CD30 antigen is expressed in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and virally transformed cells, for example, EBV-transformed B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JCM182
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 72 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kennedy M et al. Immunology. 2006; 118: 143-152
References 2:
Chiarle R et al. Clinical Immunology. 1999; 90(2):157-164
DOG-1, a 986 amino acid protein of unknown function, is expressed predominantly on the plasma membrane of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, can be confused with GISTs. Reactivity for DOG-1 has been suggested to aid in the identification of GISTs, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha mutants that fail to express KIT antigen. The use of PBS-based diluents may result in increased background staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
K9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 12 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Novelli M et al. Histopathology. 2010; 57, 259-270
References 2:
Miettinen M et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 2009; 33, 1401-1408
CD21 antigen is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein of molecular weight 140 kD, which functions as the receptor for the C3d fragment of the third complement component. The CD21 molecule, present on mature B cells, is involved in transmitting growth-promoting signals to the interior of the B cell and acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus. CD21 antigen is reported to be found in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias and in a subset of T cell acute lymphocytic leukemias but is absent on T lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. CD21 antigen is also reported to be expressed in follicular dendritic cells and in follicular and mantle cell lymphomas, mature leukemias and lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
2G9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 326 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dupin N et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1999; 96(8); 45464551.
The antibody reacts with human gamma IFN (IFN-gamma) of both natural and recombinant origin. IFN-gamma is a pluripotent cytokine with important pro-inflammatory functions. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of natural and recombinant human IFN-gamma. The antigen specificity was further assessed by ELISA and Western blot. No cross reactivities with other cytokines have been detected.
Polycomb-group proteins (PcG) such as EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (Drosophila)) form multimeric gene repressing complexes involved in axial patterning, hematopoiesis and cell cycle regulation. PcG proteins ensure correct embryonic development by expressing homeobox genes as well as contributing to the regulation of lymphopoiesis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
6A10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Van Kemenade FJ et al. Blood, 97(12): 38963901 (2001)
References 2:
Raaphorst Fm et al.American Journal of Pathology, 157(3): 709715 (2000)
References 3:
Kattan M. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 95(9): 634635 (2003)
The CD23 molecule is the low affinity IgE receptor found on B cells.It is a membrane glycoprotein of 45 kD and is reported to be found on a sub-population of peripheral blood cells, B lymphocytes and on EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Linderoth J et al. Clinical Cancer Research 2003; 9:722-728
References 2:
Peh SC et al. Singapore Medical Journal 2003; 44(4):185-191
References 3:
Maeda K et al. The Journal of Histochem. and Cytochem.2002; 50(11):1475-1485
References 4:
Watson P et al. Histopathology 2000 36(2), 145-150
IgA is a member of the antibody class of the immunoglobulin superfamily. There are several classes and subclasses (isotypes) of antibody, the antibody isotype being defined by the immunoglobulin heavy chain present in the molecule. The basic structure of an immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains (gamma , mu, alpha , delta , epsilon) and two identical light chains, either kappa or lambda. IgA contains the alpha -chain and may be present in a serum or secretory form. In serum, 90% of IgA is monomeric, while in its secretory form it is the main immunoglobulin found in secretions including tears, saliva, intestinal and bronchial mucous, sweat, colostrum, and secretions from the prostate and respiratory epithelia, where it has the job of defending exposed external surfaces of the body against attack from micro organisms. Secretory IgA is synthesized locally by plasma cells and dimerized intracellularly with a cysteine-rich J-chain. Clone N1CLA was developed to produce reduced background staining that is associated with polyclonal antibodies on paraffin sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
N1CLA
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 46 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Merluzzi S et al. Blood Journal. 2010; 115(14):2810-2817
References 2:
Fagarasan S and Honjo T. Current opinion in Immunology. 2004; 16(3):277-283
References 3:
Pilette C et al. European Respiratory Journal. 2001; 18:571-588
Mouse anti-Delta chain of human Immunoglobulin D, clone DRN1C (monoclonal)
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
human
Immunogen:
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to 222 amino acids of the N terminus of the delta heavy chain constant region of the human immunoglobulin D molecule.
IgD, together with IgM, are the major immunoglobulins expressed on the surface of B cells where it seems they may operate as mutually interacting antigen receptors for the control of lymphocyte activation and suppression. The greater susceptibility of IgD to proteolysis in combination with antigen could well be implicated in such a function. The use of PBS-based diluents may result in increased background staining. Clone DRN1C was developed to produce reduced background staining that is associated with polyclonal antibodies on paraffin sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DRN1C
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 133 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Geisberger R et al. Immunology. 2006; 118:429-437
References 2:
Preudhomme J et al. Molecular Immunology. 2000; 37:871-887
References 3:
Vladutiu A. Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology. 2000; 7(2):131-140
IgM, together with IgD, is the major immunoglobulin expressed on the surface of B cells and normally constitutes about 10 per cent of serum immunoglobulin. IgM antibody is prominent in early immune responses to most antigens and predominates in certain antibody responses such as natural blood group antibodies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
8H6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 41 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sangaletti S et al. Oncoimmunology. 2014; 3:e28989. doi: 10.4161/onci.28989
References 2:
Carsetti R et al. Immunological Reviews 2004; 197: 179-191
References 3:
Schaffer A et al. Nature Reviews: immunology. 2002; 2: 1-13
The CD38 molecule is a type II single transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 46 kD. It is an ectoenzyme with the activities of ADP-ribosyl cyclase, cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, NAD glycohydrolase and is involved in both the formation and hydrolysis of cADPR, a second messenger that regulates the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ ions. Although the CD38 molecule was originally identified as a T lymphocyte differentiation antigen, it is reported to be expressed in a wide range of cells and tissues. CD38 antigen can deliver potent growth and differentiation signals to lymphoid and myeloid cells. It is found on immature cells of the B and T cell lineages but not on most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. It is also present on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, Ig-secreting plasma cells, monocytes, NK cells, erythroid and myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and brain cells. CD38 antigen has also been reported in neurofibrillary tangles, the pathological indicator of Alzheimer's disease that occurs in the neuronal perikarya and proximal dendrites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SPC32
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 46 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krukemeyer MG et al. Transplantationsmedizin. 2003; 15:4046
Folate is a basic component of cell metabolism and DNA synthesis and repair. It is involved in essential one-carbon transfer reactions and is a vitamin required by both normal and tumor cells. Folate entry into cells is facilitated via two different systems: the reduced folate carrier, which utilizes a bidirectional anion-exchange mechanism, and the folate receptor system. Folate receptor alpha is a membrane-bound member of the folate receptor family, facilitating folate transport via a mechanism termed potocytosis where the receptor is internalized and then recycled back to the cell membrane. Folate receptor alpha expression is reported to be highly restricted in normal tissues and only selectively overexpressed in a limited number of epithelial malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BN3.2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Smith AE et al. Hybridoma. 2007; 26(5):281288
References 2:
Kelemen L. International Journal of Cancer. 2006; 119:243250
The polyclonal antibody recognizes the extracellular part of the mouse Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type 2 (TNF-RII) of the membrane-bound as well as the soluble receptor. TNF-RII (~75-80 kDa) is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha activates inflammatory responses, induces apoptosis, regulates cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. The effects of TNF-alpha are mediated by TNF-RI and TNF-RII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is efficiently activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. Binding of the inherently trimeric TNF-alpha to TNFR1 and TNFR2 induces receptor trimerization and recruitment of several signaling proteins to the cytoplasmic domains of the receptors. Occupancy of TNFR2 results in direct recruitment of TNF Receptor Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2), which in turn recruits TRAF1.
The antibody reacts with the extra-cellular part of the TNF-RI and with the soluble receptor. TNF-RI is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI.
Cytokeratins are a large family of cytoskeletal proteins found in epithelial cells. They are co-ordinately synthesized in pairs so that at least one member of each family is expressed in each epithelial cell. Cytokeratins assemble into obligatory heteropolymers composed of type I (acidic) and type II (basic) polypeptides to form higher order tetramers and protofilaments. Basal cells of human epidermis express acidic keratin 14 and basic cytokeratin 5. Cytokeratin 5 is a 58 kD protein that is closely related to cytokeratin 6. Point mutations in the cytokeratin 5 gene at locus 12q11-q13 can cause various types of epidermolysis bullosa simplex. Cytokeratin 5 is also reported to be expressed in most epithelial and biphasic mesotheliomas. Clone XM26 is specific for the 58 kD intermediate filament protein known as cytokeratin 5. It is not cross-reactive with cytokeratin 6.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
XM26
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bhargava R et al. The American Journal of Clinical Pathology . 2008; 130:724-730
References 2:
Laakso M e al. Clinical Cancer Research. 2006; 12(14):4185-4191
References 3:
Miettinen M et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2003; 27(2):150158
References 4:
Zhang RR et al. Breast Cancer Research. 2003; 5:R151R156
The CD43 antigen is expressed on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of T cells and cells of myeloid lineage. The molecule itself exhibits molecular weight heterogeneity with bands of 90 to 140 kD observed on SDS-PAGE between different cell lines. Cells expressing the CD43 antigen are reported to include normal and neoplastic T cells. A small proportion of B cell chronic leukemias and diffuse large B cell lymphomas are also reported to express CD43 antigen. Enzyme pretreatment may enhance staining with clone MT1 in some cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MT1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Higgins RA et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2008; 132:441-461
References 2:
Goteri G et al. Journal of Oral Pathology Medicine 2006; 35:254-256
The CD45 antigen (leukocyte common antigen) is a family of five or more high molecular weight glycoproteins present on the surface of the majority of the human leukocytes (including lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils) but absent from erythrocytes and platelets. Various isoforms of CD45 are generated by alternative splicing of three exons. Expression of CD45 is necessary for signaling through the T cell receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
X16/99
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 64 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sylvester KG et al. Wound Repair and Regeneration. 2000; 8(1):36-44
References 2:
Kauma SW et al. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1999; 84(6):2188-2194
References 3:
Oliveira E et al. Revista da FML. 1999; 4(Supl.3):29-34
Immunoglobulins are polypeptides and comprise five major classes; immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE. Each immunoglobulin consists of two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains.These are also subdivided into sub classes eg IgG1. There are two classes of light chain; kappa and lambda. The ratio of kappa chains and lambda chains varies between Ig classes and sub classes, but is also species specific. In humans, approximately 60 percent of light chains are kappa. However, in any particular immunoglobulin molecule the light chain will be either kappa or lambda. B cells contain either kappa or lambda mRNA.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CH15
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 125 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ramsland P and Farrugia W. Journal of Molecular Recognition. 2002; 15:248259
The basic structure of an immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains, either gamma, alpha, delta, or epsilon and two identical light chains, either kappa or lambda. Any heavy chain can associate with either light chain but on any immunoglobulin molecule both light chains are of the same type. The ratio of kappa and lambda light chains varies between Ig classes and subclasses. In a polyclonal population the ratio of kappa to lambda bearing B cells is approximately 2:1, with individual B cells thought to express kappa or lambda light chains, never both. The majority of kappa and lambda chains are bound to heavy chain immunoglobulin, however in normal individuals low levels of free light chain are present in serum. The occurrence of a mixture of kappa and lambda chain expressing cells suggests a polyclonal population and a reactive or non-neoplastic proliferation of B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SHL53
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 554 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gertz M et al. Kidney International. 2002; 61(1):19
References 2:
Ramsland P and Farrugia W. Journal of Molecular Recognition. 2002; 15:248259
The antibody reacts with both intact human ICAM-1, CD54 and with soluble human ICAM-1. The antibody reacts also with ICAM-1 present on chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, cynomolgus monkey and baboon tissues.
The CD68 molecule is a 110 kD intracellular glycoprotein primarily reported to be associated with cytoplasmic granules and to a lesser extent the membranes of macrophages. Markers to CD68 antigen are the most frequently used for the identification of macrophages in immunohistochemistry; however, CD68 is also found in monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and large lymphocytes. The function of the CD68 molecule is not certain but these lysosomal membrane proteins are major components and may protect the membranes from attack by acid hydrolases. It is unclear if the surface-associated CD68 protein is functionally significant or due to leakage from the lysosomes. CD68 protein expression has been demonstrated in stimulated T cells and NK cells and non-hematopoietic tissues such as liver and renal tubules.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
514H12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 37 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gu M et al. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. 2007; 11:64-67
References 2:
Da Costa CET et al. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2005; 201(5):687-693
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RBC2/3D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein produced by gonadotropic cells of the pituitary gland. Anti-LH is a useful marker to aid in the classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sano T, et al. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1990; 417:361-7
References 2:
Felix I, et al. Hum Pathol. 1991; 22:719-21
References 3:
Saccomanno K, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994; 78:1103-7
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ham3/17B2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. Human gamma-sarcoglycan (35 kD). The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
35DAG/21B5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label. Human delta-sarcoglycan (35 kD). Does not react with delta-sarcoglycan in sections of mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, chicken, hamster or pig muscle. Other animal species not tested.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
dSarc3/12C1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a critical role in mucosal immunity. It is present in the mucosal secretions such as tears, saliva, colostrum, intestinal juice, vaginal fluid, and secretions from the prostate and respiratory epithelium, and represents a key first line of defense against invasion by inhaled and ingested pathogens at the vulnerable mucosal surfaces. It is also found in small amounts in blood. Because it is resistant to degradation by enzymes, secretory IgA can survive in harsh environments such as the digestive and respiratory tracts, to provide protection against microbes that multiply in body secretions. It is useful when identifying multiple myeloma.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ansari NA, et al. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2007; 8:593-6
Akt-1, also referred to as protein kinase B (PKB) or Rac alpha is a member of the Akt serin/threonine protein kinase family. It plays an important role in many biological responses including metabolism, cell survival and growth by phosphorylation and inactivating several targets including GSK 3 beta, caspase 9, BAD and the forkhead transcription factor. Akt-Phos is not recommended for use with PBS, since the use of PBS-based wash buffers and possibly PBS-based antibody diluents gives increased background staining and decreased staining intensity.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LP18
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 300 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Brazil D et al. Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 2004; 29(5):233242
References 2:
Nicholson K et al. Cellular Signalling. 2002; 14:381395
References 3:
Lawlor M et al. Journal of Cell Science. 2001; 114:29032910
The CD163 molecule is a type I membrane protein also known as M130 antigen, Ber-Mac3, Ki-M8 or SM4. CD163 protein is restricted in its expression to the monocytic/macrophage lineage. It is reported to be present on all circulating monocytes and most tissue macrophages except those found in the mantle zone and germinal centers of lymphoid follicles, interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells. In addition, multi-nucleated cells within inflammatory lesions are reported not to express CD163 protein. The protein is upregulated by glucocorticoids and downregulated by the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A and by phorbol esters, while lipopolysaccharide, an inflammatory mediator, has no influence on expression. It has been proposed that a specific release mechanism of soluble CD163 antigen by human monocytes may play an important role in modulating inflammatory processes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10D6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 49 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bronkhorst IH et al. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2011; 52(2):643-650
References 2:
Lau SK et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2004; 122(5):794-801
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal antigen of 70 kD found in body fluids, which if detected in high concentrations has clinical implications. AFP is expressed in fetal liver but is not present under normal circumstances in healthy adult tissues. It is reported to be expressed in a proportion of germ cell tumors, with high frequency in yolk sac tumors.Human alpha fetoprotein. Also reacts with pig and dog alpha fetoprotein. Does not react with mouse, rat, cat or cow alpha fetoprotein
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
C3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 41 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Schmelzer E et al. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 2009; 103(4): 817-827
References 2:
Piper Hanley K et al. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2008; 283(20): 14063-14071
References 3:
Sentani K et al. Modern Pathology. 2008; 21: 464-475
References 4:
Kielman MF et al.Nature Genetics. 2002; 32: 594-605
The CD20 antigen is a non-glycosylated phosphoprotein of approximately 33kD which is expressed on normal and malignant human B cells and is thought to act as a receptor during B cell activation and differentiation. CD20 antigen has been reported to be expressed on normal B cells from peripheral blood, lymph node, spleen, tonsil, bone marrow, acute leukemias and chronic lymphocytic leukemias.An intracytoplasmic epitope localised on the human CD20 molecule. Reacts predominantly with a 33 kD polypeptide, but also with a minor component of 30 kD.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
L26
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 95 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mason DY et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1990; 136(6):12151222
References 2:
Cartun RW et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1987; 129(3):415421
References 3:
Norton AJ and Isaacson PG. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1987; 40:14051412
References 4:
Ishii Y et al. Clinical Experimental Immunology. 1984; 58:183192
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ham1/7B6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), also known as p504s, is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism, and is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). Expression is granular and cytoplasmic. AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular carcinoma and kidney carcinoma. Past studies have also shown that AMACR is expressed in various colon carcinomas (well, moderately and poorly differentiated) and over expressed in prostate carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EPMU1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 84 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lloyd M et al.FEBS Journal. 2008: 275;10891102
References 2:
Rubin M et al. J. of the Am. Med.Assoc. 2002: 287(13);16621670
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the external domain of the CD16 molecule, common to both the transmembrane form and the GPI-linked form.
CD16 antigen has a molecular weight of 50 to 70 kD and is a low affinity Fc receptor for complexed IgG, Fc/gamma RIII, expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, granulocytes, activated macrophages and a subset of T cells expressing alpha-beta or gamma-delta T cell antigen receptors. The CD16 antigen exists both as a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein in polymorphonuclear cells and as a transmembrane protein in NK cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
2H7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 18 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Qubaja M et al. Virchows Archiv. 2009; 454(4):411-419
References 2:
Wicherek L et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006; 14; 4:41
References 3:
Lee SF et al. Molecular and Cell Biology. 1999; 19(11):7399-7409
Human placental lactogen (hPL), also previously known as human chorionic somatomammotropin, is a 22 kD protein with partial homology to growth hormone. hPL is first detectable in the maternal serum in the fifth week of gestation and reaches a plateau by the thirty-fourth week. hPL has been demonstrated by immunochemistry in the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of choriocarcinoma. A rare variant of trophoblastic tumor has been reported in the testis with resemblance to uterine placental site trophoblastic tumor. It consisted purely of intermediate trophoblasts, which was diffusely positive for hPL and focally for ?-hCG.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shih IM, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004; 28:1177-83
References 2:
Ulbright TM, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997; 21:282-8
Anti-FSH is a useful marker in classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease. It reacts with FSH-producing cells (gonadotrophs).
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Baenziger JU, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1988; 947:287-306
References 2:
Nussey SS, et al. BIOS Scientific Publishers Ltd; 2001 p. 217-79
References 3:
Uccella S, et al. Pituitary. 2000; 3:131-9
References 4:
Schmid M, et al. Pathol Res Pract. 2001; 197:663-9
CD13 antigen, also known as aminopeptidase N, is a member of type II integral membrane metalloproteases, which also includes the leukocyte antigens CD10, CD26, CD73 and BP-1. CD13 antigen is a receptor for the coronaviruses which cause respiratory disease in humans and several animal species. The antigen functions as a zinc-binding metalloprotease which plays a role in cell surface antigen presentation by trimming the N-terminal amino acids from MHC class II-bound peptides. CD13 antigen is reported to be expressed on granulocytes, monocytes and their precursors, most acute myeloid leukemias and a smaller proportion of acute lymphoid leukemias. Non-hematopoietic cells which express CD13 antigen include epithelial cells, renal proximal tubules, intestinal brush border, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, brain cells, bone marrow, osteoclasts and cells lining the bile canaliculi.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
38C12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Terauchi M et al.BMC Cancer 2007; 7:140
References 2:
Agis H et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2006; 59 (4):396-402
References 3:
Röcken C et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2005; 58 (10):1069-1075
Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. The myosin heavy chain has many isoforms which are specific for different muscles or fiber types, some of which are developmentally regulated. The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers and the course of muscle fiber regeneration. At the ultrastructural level, antibodies can reveal architectural details of the myofilament as well as the cytoplasmic and membrane sites of new myosin integration. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label. Rabbit myosin fast type heavy chain. Crossreacts with human myosin fast type heavy chain. Rabbit myosin neonatal type heavy chain. Crossreacts with human myosin neonatal type heavy chain. Note that this antibody recognises a myosin heavy chain present during the neonatal period in rabbit limb muscle. The temporal appearance of an equivalent epitope may differ in different species and consequently it may not be correct to label the epitope as neonatal in some circumstances.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
WB-MHCN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 90: 167177 (1989)
References 2:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 91: 7178 (1989)
ZAP-70 is a member of the syk family of proteins. It is expressed on T cells and NK cells and is required for the T cell receptor activation that triggers an immune response. CLL B cells that express the non-mutated immunoglobulin VH genes express levels of ZAP-70 protein that are comparable to those found in the blood T cells of healthy adults. Leukemic cells that express mutated Ig VH genes generally do not express detectable levels of ZAP-70 protein and this is correlated with the high level expression of CD38.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
L453R
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 449 mg/L
Storage buffer:
PBS with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Orchard J et al. Leukaemia and Lymphoma 2005; 46(12):16891698
References 2:
Wang J et al. Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology 2005; 13(4):323332
References 3:
Mustelin T and Tasken K.Biochemical Journal 2003; 371:1527
References 4:
Van Oers N and Weiss A. Seminars in Immunology 1995; 7:227236
Anti-Factor VIII-Related Antigen antibody reacts with endothelial cells and neoplastic blood cells. This antibody has helped to establish the endothelial nature of some lesions of disputed histogenesis, e.g. Kaposis sarcoma and cardiac myxoma. Not all endothelial cells synthesize (or store) this molecule; therefore, it should not be surprising that not all tumors of endothelial differentiation (benign or malignant) react with this antigen.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nichols GE, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992; 97:770-5
References 2:
Falk S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1993; 17:959-70
References 3:
Meis-Kindblom JM, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998; 22:683-97
References 4:
Allison KH, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004; 28:298-307
References 5:
Peyvandi F, et al. Blood Transfus. 2011; 9 Suppl 2:s3-8
Clone C241:5:1:4 reacts specifically with Sialyl Lewisa - containing glycolipids, showing no crossreaction with Lewisa, Lewisb, or other structurally related molecules. The epitope recognized by NCL-L-CA19-9 is designated CA19-9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
C241:5:1:4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Purified in PBS, 1% BSA and 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Johansson C et al. Tumour Biology. 12: 159170 (1991)
References 2:
Kuusela P et al. British Journal of Cancer. 63: 636640 (1991)
References 3:
Haglund C et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 845851 (1989)
The claudins are a family of over twenty proteins which are components of tight junction. Tight junctions are specialized regions of cell to cell contact; made up of network of strands to act as a molecular gasket for preventing the leakage of ions, water etc. between cells. They are abundant in luminal epithelial sheets where they maintain epithelial cell polarity. The claudins constitute a variable component, with specific claudins being associated with specific tissues. The immunoreactivity for anti-claudin 1 is membranous and is found in nearly all carcinomas. The staining is much stronger in the carcinoma cells than in normal tissues. Anti-claudin 1 in a panel of immunostains with EMA (positive), S-100 (negative), and GLUT1 can be utilized as a robust marker in diagnosis of perineurioma and neurofibroma. Recently studies showed anti-claudin seems to be a specific marker for meningiomas. Therefore, anti-claudin with anti-EMA, anti-S-100 protein, anti-CD34, and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein may be helpful in the diagnosis of meningiomas from histologic mimics
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Folpe AL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002; 26:1620-6
CD10 antigen, also called neprilysin, is a 100 kD cell surface metalloendopeptidase which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. It was initially identified as the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and was thought to be tumor-specific. Subsequent studies, however, have shown that CD10 antigen is expressed on the surface of a wide variety of normal and neoplastic cells. In other lymphoid malignancies, CD10 antigen is reported to be expressed on cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitt's and follicular lymphomas. CD10 antigen has been identified on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. It is also expressed in various non-lymphoid cells and tissues, such as breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells. (G. McIntosh et al. American Journal of Pathology. 154(1): 77-82 (1999)).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
56C6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Millar EK et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1999 52, 849-850
References 2:
McIntosh GG et al. American Journal of Pathology 1999 154(1), 7782
References 3:
Kaufmann O et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 1999 111(1), 117-122
References 4:
Endoh Y et al. Human Pathology 1999 30(7), 826-832
References 5:
Chu P and Arber DA. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 2000 113(3), 374382
Herpes simplex virus is quite ubiquitous and is quite variable in its presentation in human disease. Type I usually infects the non-genital mucosal surfaces. It may affect the skin or internal organs (typically brain, lung, liver, adrenal gland, or GI tract) of immunocompromised individuals. This polyclonal antibody reacts with Type I Herpes viruses. There may be cross-reactivity with varicella zoster virus at higher concentrations. Cross-reactivity with CMV or Epstein-Barr virus is not seen with this antibody.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The CD8 molecule is composed of two chains and has a molecular weight of 32 kD. It is found on a T cell subset of normal cytotoxic/suppressor cells which make up approximately 20-35% of human peripheral blood lymphocytes.The CD8 antigen is reported to be detected on natural killer cells, 80% of thymocytes, on a subpopulation of 30% of peripheral blood null cells and 15-30% of bone marrow cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4B11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 28 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kemp RA et al. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research. 2011;30(1):78
References 2:
Michel S et al. British Journal of Cancer. 2008;99(11):1867-1873
References 3:
Williamson SLH et al. American Journal of Pathology 1998,152(6):1421-1426
CA125 antigen is usually associated with ovarian epithelial malignancies. Serum assays are widely used to detect this protein in the monitoring of ovarian cancers. CA125 antigen may also be detected by immunohistochemistry and expression has been found in neoplasms such as seminal vesicle carcinoma and anaplastic lymphoma. CA125 antigen is not found exclusively in malignant tumors. CA125 is also known as MUC16.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ov185:1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 12.5 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Purified in PBS, 1% BSA and 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Weng D et al. Int. Journal of Cancer. 2011; 129:1990-2001
References 2:
Gabriel M et al. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 2000; 40(3-4):140-144
References 3:
Gabriel M et al. Ginekol Pol. 1999; 70(11):819-823
CD5 antigen is reported to be expressed on 95% of thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed on T cells. CD5 antigen is also expressed by many T cell leukemias, lymphomas, activated T cells and on a subset of B cells located primarily in the mantle zones of normal lymph nodes. CD5 antigen expression is also reported in T cell acute lymphocytic leukemias (T-ALL), some B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL) as well as B and T cell lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4C7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 76 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215-227
References 2:
Walsh R et al. Arch. of Pathol.and Lab.Medicine. 2001; 125(6):781-784
References 3:
Tateyama H et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1999; 111(2):235-240
References 4:
Dorfman DM & Shahsafaei A. Modern Pathology. 1997; 10(9):859-863
References 5:
Kaufmann O et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1997; 108(6):669-673
Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with inflammation of the stomach and is also implicated in the development of gastric malignancy, peptic ulcers, and gastric lymphomas in humans. Helicobacter pylori can exist in a number of locations: in the mucus, attached to epithelial cells, or inside of vacuoles in epithelial cells, where it produces adhesions that bind to membrane-associated lipids and carbohydrates in or on epithelial cells. The most reliable method for detecting H. pylori infection is a biopsy during endoscopy histologic examination and detection by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical staining of H. pylori on the surface of gastric mucosa is a valuable tool for identification of H. pylori infections.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Sheep anti Human C3c antibody recognizes the C3c component of human complement, formed as a result of the inactivation of C3b. Sheep anti Human C3c antibody may be used for the detection of C3 deposits in tissues following complement activation.
The CD3 molecule consists of five different polypeptide chains with molecular weights ranging from 16 to 28 kD. The CD3 antigen is first detected in early thymocytes and its appearance probably represents one of the earliest signs of commitment to the T cell lineage. Clone LN10 is specific for the non-glycosylated epsilon chain of the human CD3 molecule. Clone LN10 recognizes T cells in thymus, bone marrow, peripheral lymphoid tissue and blood and is a pan T cell marker.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LN10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 32 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krynitz B et al. Acta Dermato Venerologica. 2010; 90:379-385
NCL-b-DG is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
43DAG1/8D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 2:
Muschen M et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 3:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Chromogranin A is a 68 kD acidic protein which is reported to be widely expressed in neural tissues and in secretory granules of human endocrine cells, for example, parathyroid gland, adrenal medulla, anterior pituitary gland, islet cells of the pancreas and C cells of the thyroid. Chromogranin A expression has been reported in neuroendocrine tumors such as pituitary adenomas, islet cell tumors, phaeochromocytomas, medullary thyroid carcinomas, Merkel cell tumors and carcinoids.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5H7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Khandeparker SGS et al. Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences. 2013; 8(3): 239-242.
References 2:
Marcu M et al. Current Health Sciences Journal. 2010; 32: 37-42
The MUM-1 (multiple myeloma oncogene 1) gene was originally identified because of its involvement in the t(6:14) translocation observed in multiple myeloma, which causes the juxtaposition of the MUM-1 gene to the Ig heavy chain locus. MUM-1 is expressed in late plasma cell directed stages of B cell differentiation and in activated T cells, suggesting that MUM-1 may serve as a marker for lympho-hemopoietic neoplasms derived from these cells. The morphologic spectrum of MUM-1 expressing cells has been found to range from that of a centrocyte to that of a plasmablast/plasma cell. Consequently the histogenic value of MUM-1 may be to provide a marker to aid in the identification of the transition from BCL-6 positive (germinal center B cells) to CD138 positive (immunoblasts and plasma cells).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EAU32
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 263 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bergsagel P and Kuehl W.Oncogene. 2001: 20(40);5611-5622
The CD34 antigen is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 110 kD. The CD34 protein is selectively expressed on human lymphoid and myeloid hemopoietic progenitor cells. The CD34 antigen is also expressed on vascular enothelium. Enzyme digestion of paraffin sections is recommended with clone QBEnd/10 in perference to heat induced epitope retrieval as it produces stronger staining and reduces background elastin staining
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
QBEnd/10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 261 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tornoczky T et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2003; 56(5):363367
References 2:
Cox G et al. Lung Cancer. 2000; 29(3):169177
References 3:
Dhillon AP et al. Journal of Pathology. 1990; 162:274
References 4:
Ramani P et al. Histopathology. 1990; 17(3):237242
References 5:
Watanabe T et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:631636.
Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), also known as episialin, is reported to be expressed in a variety of normal and neoplastic epithelia. It has been reported that markers to CD45 (LCA) when used in conjunction with markers to EMA are useful in labeling cells of lymphoid origin, whereas the combination of anti-cytokeratin antibodies together with EMA is useful to characterize cells of epithelial origin. EMA is also notably described to be expressed in a subset of Hodgkin's lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
GP1.4
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 11 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kim JH et al. The Korean Journal of Pathology. 2002; 36:6669
References 2:
Kim GY et al. The Korean Journal of Pathology. 2002; 36:5154
References 3:
Kojima M et al. Modern Pathology. 2002; 15(7):750758
References 4:
Yokozaki H et al. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2000; 30:101104
Gross cystic disease of the breast is a benign premenopausal disorder in which cysts are a predominant pathological lesion. These cysts appear to be formed from excessive apocrine cystic secretions. This fluid is composed of several glycoproteins including a unique 15 kD monomer protein, GCDFP15. It has been reported that cytosolic analysis of normal tissue from all major organs has demonstrated GCDFP15 in apocrine epithelia, lacrimal, ceruminous and Moll's glands and in numerous serous cells of the submandibular, tracheal, bronchial, sublingual and minor salivary glands. Specificity Human gross cystic disease fluid protein (15 kD)
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
23A3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 55 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sapino A et al. J. of Biol.Regulators & Homeostatic Agents. 2000; 14(4):259262
References 2:
Haagensen DE Jr et al. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.1990;586:161173
Lactoferrin is an approximately 80 kDa glycoprotein which was first isolated from milk and found in epithelia and most body fluids and secretions. Lactoferrin is secreted in plasma by neutrophils. Its plasma concentration represents a positive relation to the total pool of neutrophils and the rate of neutrophil turnover. In inflammation lactoferrin is released from secondary granules of neutrophilic leukocytes into the extracellular medium. Therefore the extracellular lactoferrin concentration can be used as an index for neutrophil activation. <br /> Lactoferrin is able to strongly bind to iron and considered to have antibacterial properties. Human lactoferrin binds to bacterial products through its highly positively charged N terminus and kills various bacteria most probably by inducing intracellular changes in these bacteria without affecting the membrane permeability. Lactoferrin also plays a role in signal transduction, immunomodulation and has antiadhesive, anticancer, antiviral activity.
The CD123 antigen is also known as the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-3 receptor. It is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. CD123 forms a heterodimer with CD131 (the beta subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor) to form the interleukin-3 receptor, where the cytokine specificity is provided by the alpha subunit and the signal transduction function is provided by the beta subunit. The interleukin-3 receptor is reported to be expressed on monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, megakaryocytes, erythroid precursors, mast cells, macrophages and a subpopulation of B cells, where it mediates proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Outside the hematopoietic system CD123 is reported to be expressed in Leydig cells of the testis, some endothelial cells, and cells of the placenta and brain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BR4MS
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 90 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
GarnacheOttou F et al. British Journal of Haematology. 2007; 136:539548
References 2:
Moretti S et al. J.of Biol.Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 2001; 15:98100
Protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 is a neuron-specific protein, structurally and immunologically distinct from neuron specific enolase. The protein which has a molecular weight of 27 kD was first identified by high resolution two dimensional PAGE. PGP9.5 expression has been reported in neurons and nerve fibers at all levels of the central and peripheral nervous system, in many neuroendocrine cells, in segments of the renal tubules, in spermatogonia and Leydig cells of the testis, in ova and in some cells of both the pregnant and non-pregnant corpus luteum. PGP9.5 is a member of the ubiquitin C-terminal hydroxylase family and is also concentrated within inclusion bodies suggesting that such structures may be metabolically active regions of the cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10A1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 35 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beresford L et al. Immunology. 2004; 111(1):118125
Rhabdomyosarcomas are a class of myoblast-derived soft tissue sarcomas that usually express a number of muscle-specific genes and primarily affect children and young adults. Differentiation of myogenic cells is controlled by a set of regulatory genes including MyoD1, myogenin, Myf-5 and Myf-6. Myf-4 is the human homolog of myogenin. Its gene product, together with that of Myf-3, accumulates in the nucleus of differentiated cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LO26
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Den Bakker MA et al. Histopathology. 2003; 43(3):297299
References 2:
Ingeholm P et al. APMIS. 2002; 110(9):639645
References 3:
Kumar S et al. Modern Pathology. 2000; 13(9):988993
References 4:
Gilpin BJ et al. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1998; 273(1):157166
The antibody reacts with rat Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) of both natural and recombinant origin. IFN-gamma is a pluripotent cytokine with important pro-inflammatory functions. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of natural and recombinant rat IFN-gamma. The antigen specificity was further assessed by ELISA and Western blotting. No cross-reactivities with other cytokines have been detected.
Clone MTB1 detects cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells in epidermis, interdigitating cells of dermis and interdigitating cells of stratified squamous epithelium of tonsil. Clone MTB1 may also detect small focal groups of lymphocytes outside the germinal centers of tonsil indicating a cross-reaction with CD1b antigen.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MTB1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 16 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dultra FK et al. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine. 2012; 41(1):47-53
References 2:
Natamoto Y et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2007; 147:296-305
References 3:
Hubert P et al. Journal of Pathology. 2005; 206:346-355
References 4:
Rho NK et al. British Journal of Dermatology. 2004; 151:119-125
References 5:
Soilleux EJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 195(5):586-592
Anti-CEA specifies a group of proteins in the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) family of proteins which are present in the epithelia of various types and tumors (both benign and malignant) derived from such epithelia. Such tissues are represented by the epithelia of colon, bronchus, alveoli, breast, pancreas, biliary tract, superficial layer and parietal layers of the stomach. Predominately biliary canaliculi are labelled in the liver and this factor is useful in the diagnosis of hepatocelluar carcinoma. Anti-CEA has been quite useful in differentiating adenocarcinoma of the lung vs. mesothelioma. Associated products: CK 5/6, Calretinin, WT-1, E-Cadherin, TTF-1, TAG-72, EMA, CK 20
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shield PW, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1996; 105:157-62
References 2:
Sheahan K, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1990; 94:157-64
Anti-CD3 antibody has been considered the best all around T-cell marker. This antibody reacts with an antigen present in early thymocytes. The positive staining of this marker may represent a sign of early commitment to the T-cell lineage.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beverley PC, et al. Eur J Immunol. 1981; 11:329-34
References 2:
Clevers H, et al. Eur J Immunol. 1988; 18:705-10
References 3:
Hedvat CV, et al. Hum Pathol. 2002; 33:968-74
References 4:
Karube K, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:1366-74
The antibody reacts with the Lectin Domain of E-selectin, CD62-e, formerly designated Endothelial Leucocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). The antibody reacts with human endothelial cells activated with TNF, IL-1 or endotoxin. The antibody was found to react also with cells transfected with the ELAM-1 gene. The antibody inhibits the adhesion of granulocytes both neutrophilic and eosinophilic.
Anti-Lysozyme stains myeloid cells, histiocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, and monocytes in human tonsil, colon and skin. It is an important marker that may demonstrate the myeloid or monocytic nature of acute leukemia. The restrictive nature of anti-lysozyme antibody staining suggests that lysozyme may be synthesized predominantly in reactive histiocytes rather than in resting, unstimulated phagocytes. Anti-lysozyme may aid in the identification of histiocytic neoplasias, large lymphocytes and classifying lymphoproliferative disorders.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rehg J, et al. Toxicol Pathol. 2012; 40: 345-74
References 2:
Seifert RP, et al. Annals Diag Pathol. 2014; 18:253-60.
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a cytokine which has diverse immunomodulatory, anti-tumor and toxic effects. TNF-alpha has been detected in diverse inflammatory status and appears to be a critical mediator in the lethality of septic shock. Furthermore, TNF-alpha has also been found in inflammatory foci such as synovial effusions in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic circulation in septic shock, parasitemia and rejection of renal transplants. The antibody reacts with both rat and mouse natural and recombinant TNF-alpha and recognizes membrane and receptor bound TNF-alpha. The antibody shows neutralizing activity.
Anti-Myeloperoxidase detects granulocytes and monocytes in blood and precursors of granulocytes in the bone marrow. This antibody can detect myeloid cell populations of the bone marrow as well as in other sites.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pinkus GS, et al. Mod Pathol. 1991; 4:733-41
References 2:
Markoc F, et al. Tumori. 2010; 96:149-53
References 3:
Alexiev BA, et al. Diagn Pathol. 2007; 31;2:42
References 4:
Saravanan L, et al. Int J Lab Hematol. 2010; 32:132-6
References 5:
Manaloor EJ, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000; 113:814-22
The polyclonal antibody reacts with human natural and recombinant Interleukin-8 (IL-8) as assessed by ELISA. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of human native and recombinant IL-8. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural IL-8.
Immunohistochemical staining with anti-calcitonin antibody has proven to be an effective way of demonstrating calcitonin-producing cells in the thyroid. C-cell hyperplasia and medullary thyroid carcinomas stain positive for calcitonin. Studies of calcitonin have resulted in the identification of a wide spectrum of C-cell proliferative abnormalities.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matias-Guiu X, et al. Endocr Pathol. 2014; 25:21-9
References 2:
Fisher S, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008;132:359-72
Immunostaining with anti-myoglobin provides a specific, sensitive, and practical procedure for the identification of tumors of muscle origin. Since myoglobin is found exclusively in skeletal and cardiac muscle and is not present in any other cells of the human body, it may be used to distinguish rhabdomyosarcoma from other soft tissue tumors.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mukai K, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1979; 3:373-6
References 2:
Corson JM, et al.Am J Pathol. 1981; 103:384-9
References 3:
Brooks JJ. Cancer. 1982; 50:1757-63
References 4:
Furlong MA, et al. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2001; 5:199-206
Cytokeratin 20 has been demonstrated to be almost entirely confined to the gastric and intestinal epithelium, urothelium and Merkel cells of the skin. Cytokeratin 20 is less acidic than other type I cytokeratins and is of interest due to its restricted tissue expression. In normal tissue, cytokeratin 20 is expressed in intestinal epithelium, gastric foveolar epithelium, a number of endocrine cells in the upper portions of the pyloric glands, urothelium and Merkel cells in epidermis. In tumors it is reported, there is a marked difference in the expression of cytokeratin 20 within different carcinomas. Neoplasms expressing cytokeratin 20 are derived from normal epithelia which themselves expressed cytokeratin 20. Colorectal carcinomas consistently express cytokeratin 20, while gastric adenocarcinomas express cytokeratin 20 to a lesser degree. Adenocarcinomas of the gall bladder and bile duct, ductal cell adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, mucinous ovarian tumors, Merkel cell tumors and transitional cell carcinomas have also been reported to express cytokeratin 20.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ks20.8
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 9,26 mg/L
Storage buffer:
PBS (pH 7.6) with 1% BSA and sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Botta MC et al. Pathologica. 2001; 93(6):640-644
References 2:
Leech SN et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:727-729
References 3:
Tan J et al. Human Pathology. 1998; 29(4):390-396
References 4:
Longatto Filho A et al. Acta Cytol. 1997; 41(4):961-971
References 5:
Moll R et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1992; 140(2):427-447
Napsin is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase in the A1 clan of the AA clade of proteinases. There are two closely related napsins, napsin A (NAPSA) and napsin B (NAPSB). Napsin A is involved in processing propeptide pulmonary surfactant protein B (proSP-B) in the lung.4 In normal tissue, Napsin A is expressed in type II pneumocytes of the lung and proximal tubules of the kidney. Napsin A is a useful marker for lung adenocarcinoma
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Brasch F, et al. J Biol Chem. 2003; 278: 49006-14
References 2:
Jagirdar J et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:384-96
References 3:
Bishop JA, et al. Hum Pathol. 2010; 41:20-5
References 4:
Ye J, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2011; 19:313-17
References 5:
Mukhopadhyay S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011; 35:15-25
Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. The myosin heavy chain has many isoforms which are specific for different muscles or fiber types, some of which are developmentally regulated. The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers and the course of muscle fiber regeneration. At the ultrastructural level, antibodies can reveal architectural details of the myofilament as well as the cytoplasmic and membrane sites of new myosin integration. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label. Rabbit myosin slow type heavy chain. Crossreacts with human myosin slow type heavy chain.The antibody also reacts with type I myosin heavy chain in rat, mouse, dog, sheep, pig and goat muscle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
WB-MHCS
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sheriffs IN et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 54: 517520 (2001)
References 2:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 91: 7178 (1989)
References 3:
Carson NE et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 21 (1): 1924 (1998)
References 4:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 90: 167177 (1989)
References 5:
Vivarelli E et al. Journal of Cellular Biology. 107: 21912197 (1988)
Myosin is a contractile muscle specific protein composed of two heavy and four light chains. The myosin heavy chain has many isoforms which are specific for different muscles or fiber types, some of which are developmentally regulated. The range of myosin heavy chain antibodies may prove useful for investigating development of intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers and the course of muscle fiber regeneration. At the ultrastructural level, antibodies can reveal architectural details of the myofilament as well as the cytoplasmic and membrane sites of new myosin integration. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label. Rabbit myosin fast type heavy chain. Crossreacts with human myosin fast type heavy chain. The antibody also reacts with type II myosin heavy chain (both IIa and IIb) in rat, mouse, dog, sheep, pig and goat muscle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
WB-MHCf
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing 15 mM sodium azide.
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sheriffs IN et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 54: 517520 (2001)
References 2:
Ecob-Prince M et al. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 91: 7178 (1989)
References 3:
Carson NE et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 21 (1): 1924 (1998)
References 4:
Hoh JFY and Hughes A. Journal of Muscle Research and Cellular Motility. 10: 312325 (1989)
Anti-Glucagon antibody detects glucagon-secreting cells and tumors such as glucagonomas. Studies show that approximately 80% of glucagonomas are malignant and these patients have a syndrome often initially recognized by dermatologists. Symptoms include necrolytic migratory erythema as well as diabetes, anemia, stomatitis, weight loss, frequent venous thromboses, and in some instances, diarrhea and psychiatric disturbances. The diagnosis may be readily confirmed by the demonstration of elevated plasma glucagon concentration.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Quesada I, et al. J Endocrinol. 2008; 199:5-19
References 2:
Gurlo T, et al. J Histotechnol. 2016; 39:8-16
References 3:
Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, et al. Biomark Med. 2016; 10:1141-51
Tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial and mesenchymal origin are reported to be negative. This clone is well described in the literature. It is indicated to label an intracytoplasmic antigen in the majority of melanomas and other tumors demonstrating melanoma/melanocytic differentiation.
The antibody reacts with human Interleukin-10 (IL-10) of both natural and recombinant origin. IL-10 is a pluripotent cytokine with important immunosuppressive actions: it can inhibit cytokines involved in the Th1 response such as IL-2, Interferon gamma and also inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of natural and recombinant human IL-10. The antigen specificity was further assessed by ELISA. No cross reactivities with other cytokines have been detected.
Anti-GH is a useful marker in classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease (acromegaly). It reacts with GH-producing cells. Growth hormone receptors have been found in various non-pituitary cells, including that from hepatocellular carcinoma and various benign and malignant cutaneous lesions.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rezaei M, et al. J Res Med Sci. 2012; 17:681-5
References 2:
Al-Brahim NY, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2006; 59:1245-53
References 3:
Fukaya T, et al. Cancer. 1980; 45:1598-1603
References 4:
Kovacs K, et al. Virch Arch Pathol Anat. 1982; 395:59-68
Wilms' tumor protein (WT1) has a role in transcriptional regulation and is expressed in the kidney and a subset of hematopoietic cells. Alteration of transcription factor function is a common mechanism in oncogenesis. The WT1 protein contains a DNA binding domain and any deletions or point mutations of the WT1 gene which destroy this activity result in the development of the childhood nephroblastoma Wilms' tumor and Denys-Drash syndrome. The description of WT1 involvement in nephroblastoma is not clear.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
WT49
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 44 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Omeroglu A and Omeroglu G. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:e347-e348
References 2:
Lee SB and Haber DA. Experimental Cell Research. 2001; 264:74-99
The antibody reacts with natural and recombinant mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6) as assessed by ELISA. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of natural and recombinant mouse IL-6 as determined with the B9 cell bio-assay. The antibody cross-reacts with natural rat IL-6. IL-6 is a pluripotent 20-22 kDa cytokine which plays a role in the pathophysiology of severe infection and regulates the immune response, acute phase reaction and hematopoiesis. IL-6 plays a critical role in B-cell differentiation to plasma cells and is a potent growth factor for plasmacytoma and myeloma. Continuous IL-6 gene expression makes an essential contribution to a multistep oncogenesis of plasma cell neoplasia. IL-6 is a very useful culture supplement for the generation of a high number of antibody-producing hybridomas.
Cytokeratins are intermediate filament proteins present in epithelial cells. They are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in normal organs and the tumors that arise from them. Cytokeratin 7 belongs to the neutral basic type B subfamily of cytokeratins. Its distribution is confined to glandular and transitional epithelia. Cytokeratin 7 is reported to be expressed in abundance in cultured bronchial and mesothelial cells but only at lower levels in cultured epidermal cells. The predicted amino acid sequence of this keratin has revealed a striking difference between this keratin and the type II keratins expressed in epidermal cells. Cytokeratin 7 has been reported in adenocarcinomas of the lung, breast, endometrium, ovary, thyroid as well as in carcinomas of the bladder and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Cytokeratin 7 and Cytokeratin 20 expression have been reported to show characteristic patterns on primary and metastatic lung and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
OV-TL 12/30
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
van de Molengraft FJJM et al.Histopathology. 1993; 22:35-38
References 2:
van Niekerk CC et al. Journal of Pathology. 1991; 165(2):145-15
Cytokeratins 5, 6 and 18 are reported to be expressed in a broad range of human epithelial tissues, from simple glandular epithelia to stratified squamous epithelia. These include epithelial cells that are ectodermal, mesodermal, or endodermal in origin. These cytokeratins have been reported to be expressed in tumor cells of epithelial origin and less commonly of mesothelial origin. Non-epithelial tumors such as lymphomas do not express these cytokeratins. The recognition of cytokeratin 18 on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections using clone LP34 may be variable.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LP34
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lyall F et al. The American Journal of Pathology. 2001;159(5):1827-1838
References 2:
Yokozaki H et al. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2000;30(2):101-104
References 3:
Lyall F et al. The American Journal of Pathology. 1999;154(4):1105-1114
The Ki67 antigen is a nuclear protein which is expressed in all active parts of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and mitosis) but is absent in resting cells (G0). In contrast to many other cell cycle-associated proteins, the Ki67 antigen is consistently absent in quiescent cells and is not detectable during DNA repair processes. Thus, the presence of Ki67 antigen is strictly associated with the cell cycle and confined to the nucleus, suggesting an important role in the maintenance and/or regulation of the cell division cycle.
Inhibins and activins are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF?) family of cytokines. Inhibins are heterodimers consisting of a common ?-subunit linked to either a ?A subunit ( ?-?A, forming inhibin A) or a ?B subunit ( ?-?B, forming inhibin B). Activins share the ?-subunit with the inhibins and may be homo or heterodimers of ?-subunits forming activin A (?A-?A), activin AB (?A-?B) or activin B (?B-?B). The expression of the ?-subunit, and therefore of inhibins appears to be more restricted than that of the ?-subunit, and therefore of activins. Inhibins and activins play a role in the regulation of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AMY82
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 214 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Robertson D et al. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2004; 11:3549
References 2:
Bernard J et al. Recent Progress in Hormone Research. 2001; 56:417450
IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that is secreted by both lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells. It plays a key role in immune responses, hematopoiesis and is an important cytokine in cell proliferation and differentiation. It may also play an important role as an autocrine growth factor in metastatic prostate cancer. IL-6 has been reported to play a role in secretion or release of pituitary hormone in pituitary hormone secreting cells and adenomas. In addition, IL-6 has been suggested to have a trophic effect in nerve cells and to have a direct pathogenic role in CNS disorders. There are an increasing number of reports that cytokines of the IL-6 family play an important regulatory role in heart physiology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10C12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Salgado R et al. International Journal of Cancer. 103 (5): 642646 (2003)
References 2:
Kurotani R et al. Modern Pathology. 14 (8): 791797 (2001)
References 3:
Menet E et al. European Cytokine Network. 12 (4): 639646 (2001)
References 4:
Ono S et al. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 187 (12): 2734 (2001)
References 5:
Yasukawa K et al. The EMBO Journal. 6 (10): 29392945 (1987)
Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), also known as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-1 (UCH-L1), is a 27-kDa protein originally isolated from whole brain extracts (1). Although PGP9.5 expression in normal tissues was originally felt to be strictly confined to neurons and neuroendocrine cells (2), it has been subsequently documented in distal renal tubular epithelium, spermatogonia, Leydig cells, oocytes, melanocytes, prostatic secretory epithelium, ejaculatory duct cells, epididymis, mammary epithelial cells, Merkel cells, and dermal fibroblasts. LK Campbell et al demonstrated immunostaining of a plethora of different mesenchymal neoplasms with this antibody.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Campbell LK, et al. Mod Pathol. 2003; 16:963-9
References 2:
Bassotti G, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2005; 58:973-7
References 3:
Mahalingam M, et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2001; 28:282-6.
References 4:
Mahalingam M, et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2006; 33:51-6.
Human lactoferrin (LF) is an 80 kDa glycoprotein which was first isolated from human milk. It plays an important part in the immune system and helps to fight infections. Lactoferrin promotes the health of the gastro-intestinal system by improving the intestinal microbial balance. In addition, LF can be found in epithelia and most body fluids and secretions. Lactoferrin is secreted in plasma by neutrophils. Its plasma concentration also represents a positive relation to the total pool of neutrophils and the rate of neutrophil turnover. In inflammation lactoferrin is released from secondary granules of neutrophilic leukocytes into the extracellular medium. Therefore the extracellular lactoferrin concentration can be used as an index for neutrophil activation. Lactoferrin strongly binds to iron and this iron binding property is considered to be an important antimicrobial. Human lactoferrin binds to bacterial products through its highly positively charged N-terminus, it kills various bacteria, most probably by inducing intracellular changes in these bacteria without affecting the membrane permeability. Cleavage by pepsin of lactoferrin leads to the release of lactoferricin H. This 47 amino acid peptide has more antimicrobial activity than its precursor and it can inhibit the classical but not the alternative complement pathway. Lactoferrin also plays a role in signal transduction, immunomodulation and has antiadhesive, anticancer, antiviral activity.
Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a membrane-associated sialoglycoprotein enzyme normally present at high concentration in syncytiotrophoblasts within the placenta during the third trimester of gestation. The expression of PLAP was originally thought to be restricted to term placenta but a human PLAP-like variant has been described which shares more than 85% homology with PLAP itself. This high degree of homology between PLAP and PLAP-like enzyme together with cross-reacting antibodies has led to some confusion of the distribution of PLAP and PLAP-like enzyme in various tissues. PLAP is reported to be expressed only in normal term placenta, endocervix and fallopian tube and also in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tumors. PLAP expression is rare in malignant germ cell tumors. PLAP-like enzyme is reported to be predominantly found in normal fetal and neonatal testis, and in thymus. It is also commonly expressed in germ cell tumors and more recently described in seminomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
8A9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 26 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bartkova J et al. Oncogene. 2000; 19: 4146-4150
References 2:
Franke FE et al. Human Pathology 2000; 31(12), 14661476
References 3:
Hoei-Hansen CE et al. Molecular Cancer. 2007; 6:12
References 4:
McCann-Crosby B et al. International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015; 1:14
Lysozyme is a 14 kd enzyme directed against the b 1 a 4 glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid residues that make up peptidoglycan. Lysozyme is an antimicrobial protein secreted by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and is widely distributed in secretions such as airway secretions and nasal fluid whereas it is the most effective antimicrobial protein. It is also produced by monocytes, macrophages and epithelial cells. Lysozyme is able to kill bacteria by enzymatic lysis of bacterial cell walls and by a nonenzymatic mechanism. Allthough lysozyme is highly active against many gram-positive bacteria it is ineffective against gram-negative bacteria unless potentiated by certain cofactors (lactoferrin, antibody-complement or hydrogen peroxide-ascorbic acid). Next to its antimicrobial activity lysozyme has many other physiological functions including inactivation of certain viruses, important roles in surveillance of membranes of mammalian cells, immune regulatory activity, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity
Mismatch repair gene Postmeiotic segregation Increased 2, also known as PMS1 homolog 2, is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) PMS1 protein homolog 2 (PMS2). PMS2 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
M0R4G
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 520 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Silva F et al. Sao Paulo Medical Journal. 2009? 127(1):46- 51
References 2:
Vos M et al. Biochemical Society Transactions. 2005? 33(4):718720
Anti-Gastrin antibody gives positive staining of G-cells of human antral/pyloric mucosa and cells producing gastrin or a structural gastrin analogue as is seen in stomach; no staining of other cells or tissue types has been observed. This antibody may react with sulfated and non-sulfated forms of gastrin. The antibody cross-reacts with more than 50% of the present choleocystokinin octapeptide.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kasacka W, et al. Folia Morphol. 2012; 71:39-44.
References 2:
Hur K, et al. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2006; 132:85-91
References 3:
Waldum et al. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2017; 8:1-7
hCG is a protein secreted in large quantities by normal trophoblasts; the antibody detects cells and tumors of trophoblastic origin such as Choriocarcinoma. Large Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of Lung demonstrate hCG positivity in 90% and 60% of cases respectively. 20% of Squamous Cell Lung Carcinomas are positive for hCG. hCG expression by nontrophoblastic tumors may indicate aggressive behavior since it has been observed that hCG may play a role in the host response to a given tumor.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Clone 5D3 reacts with human cytokeratin intermediate filament proteins of 52.5 kD and 45 kD, identified as cytokeratins 8 and 18, respectively. Clone 5D3 shares similar specificities to clone CAM5.2 (Angus B et al. Journal of Pathology. 153: 377-384 (1987)).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5D3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 420 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nadji M, Morales AR. Laboratory Medicine. 1983; 14:767
References 2:
Omata M et al. Am.J.of Clin. Pathol. 1980; 73:626
References 3:
Angus B et al. J.of Pathology. 1988; 155(1):7175
References 4:
Martin CA et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2001; 9(1):7073
References 5:
Mehes G et al. Am. J.of Pathol. 2001; 159(1):1720
Prolactin (PRL) is a single-chain polypeptide of 226 amino acids and plays a role in multiple processes including cell growth, reproduction, and immune function. Anti-Prolactin reacts with prolactin-producing cells and is a useful marker in classification of pituitary tumors and the study of pituitary disease.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Asa SL, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1982; 106:360-3
References 2:
Duello TM, et al. Am J Anat. 1980; 158:463-9
References 3:
Minniti G, et al. Surg Neurol. 2002; 57:99-103
References 4:
Popadic A, et al. Surg Neurol. 1999; 51:47-54
References 5:
Nevalainen MT, et al. J Clin Invest. 1997; 99:618-27
Eukaryotic cells contain a number of types of cytoplasmic filamentous proteins, microtubule, microfilaments and intermediate-sized filaments (IF). Vimentin, a 57 kD protein that is an intermediate filament is reported to be expressed in most cells of mesenchymal origin, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle, melanocytes as well as T and B lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SRL33
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 60 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Runembert I et al. Journal of Cell Science 115: 71324 (2002)
Cytokeratins are intermediate filament proteins present in epithelial cells. They are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in normal organs and the tumors that arise from them. Cytokeratin 7 belongs to the neutral basic type B subfamily of cytokeratins. Its distribution is confined to glandular and transitional epithelia. Cytokeratin 7 is reported to be expressed in abundance in cultured bronchial and mesothelial cells but only at lower levels in cultured epidermal cells. The predicted amino acid sequence of this keratin has revealed a striking difference between this keratin and the type II keratins expressed in epidermal cells. Cytokeratin 7 has been reported in adenocarcinomas of the lung, breast, endometrium, ovary, thyroid as well as in carcinomas of the bladder and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Cytokeratin 7 and Cytokeratin 20 expression have been reported to show characteristic patterns on primary and metastatic lung and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RN7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 17 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
van de Molengraft FJJM et al.Histopathology. 1993; 22:35-38
References 2:
van Niekerk CC et al. Journal of Pathology. 1991; 165(2):145-15
Muscle specific actin (MSA) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous protein found in muscle and some non-muscle cells. Actins can be divided into three subsets, alpha actins found in muscle tissue cells, beta and gamma actins found in non-muscle cells and a small subset of gamma actins also found in muscle tissue cells. In normal tissues, expression is found in striated fibers of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle in arteries, veins and pericytes of smaller arteries, muscle in bowel, myometrium of the uterus, prostatic stroma, capsule cells of liver, kidney, lymph node and spleen, the myoepithelial layers of mammary ducts and glands, eccrine sweat glands and salivary glands. Expression is not found in epithelial cells, lymphoid cells, macrophages, connective tissue and neuronal cells. Human muscle specific alpha- and gamma-actin isomers. Reactive with alpha-actin from skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle sources. Does not react with non-muscle actin, beta or non-smooth muscle gamma-actin isomers. Crossreacts with porcine, bovine, monkey, rabbit, hamster and rat muscle actin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SC28
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsutsumi Y et al. Pathology International. 1995; 45(2):10
References 2:
Nicolas MM et al. Human Pathology 2010;41:663-671
References 3:
Guillou L. Diagnostic Histopathology 2008;14:527- 535.
The D-type cyclins are a family of proteins which function primarily by regulating the activity of cyclin dependent kinases in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Cyclin D1, a protein of 36 kD, is also known as PRAD1 or bcl-1. Maximum expression of cyclin D1 occurs at a critical point in mid to late G1 phase of the cell cycle. The cyclin D1 gene, located on 11q13 has been reported to be overexpressed in mantle cell lymphomas due to the chromosomal translocation t(11;18).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
P2D11F11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
McIntosh GG et al. Oncogene. 1995; 11:885891
References 2:
Saiz AD et al. Journal of Pathology. 2002; 198(2):157162
References 3:
Mommers ECM et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 194(3):327333
References 4:
Saito T et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 195(2):222228
References 5:
Sheyn I et al. Human Pathology. 1997; 28(3):270276
The antibody reacts with human natural and recombinant TNF-alpha as assessed by ELISA. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of human natural and recombinant TNF-alpha as determined with L929 and WEHI cells in a cytotoxicity assay. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural TNF-alpha and lacks cross reactivity with human lymphotoxin.
The immunohistochemical staining of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin is considered to be very useful in the study of inherited AAT deficiency, benign and malignant hepatic tumors and yolk sac carcinomas. Positive staining for A-1-Antitrypsin may also be used in detection of benign and malignant lesions of an histiocytic nature. Sensitivity and specificity of the results have made this antibody a useful tool in the screening of patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis or other forms of liver disease with portal fibrosis of uncertain etiology.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Callea F, et al. J Hepatol. 1986; 2:389-401
References 2:
Palmer PE, et al.Am J Clin Pathol. 1974; 62:350-4
References 3:
Palmer PE, et al. Cancer. 1980; 45:1424-31
References 4:
Raintoft I, et al. Hum Pathol. 1979; 10:419-24
References 5:
Ramsay AD, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2008; 16:140-7
CD79b, also known as B29 and Ig-beta is thought to function in the cellular activation and signaling that occurs when surface immunoglobulin (Ig) on B cells binds antigen or becomes cross-linked by anti-Ig antibody. This function occurs with the formation of a membrane signaling complex that is associated with Ig at the surface of B cells. CD79b, together with CD79a, forms the B cell antigen receptor (mlg) complex.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JS01
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matutes E. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 55: 180183 (2002)
References 2:
McCarron K F et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 113 (6): 805813 (2000)
References 3:
Moreau E J et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 108: 378382 (1997)
The antibody reacts specificly with human Interleukin (IL-1)RII. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The IL-1RII is part of the antagonistic IL-1 mechanism. It is also known as decoy receptor and is a non signalling molecule which functions by capturing IL-1 and preventing it from interacting with the signalling IL-1RI. The decoy IL-1RII can after binding to IL-1 also recruit the IL-1 receptor accessory protein and thus inhibit by coreceptor competition. Further a soluble form of IL-1RII exists which is shed, a process in which matrix metalloproteases have been found to play a role, by various cells including monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, B cells and fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
Ig
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mantovani; A et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840: 338
Cytokeratins 14 and 5 are useful to distinguish stratified epithelial cell types from simple epithelial cell types. Cytokeratin 14 has been reported to be expressed in neoplasms of squamous cell origin.Clone LL002 reacts with the human cytokeratin intermediate filament protein (50 kD) identified as cytokeratin 14.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LL002
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 24 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reis-Filho JS et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2004; 57:83-86
References 2:
Sivard P et al. Experimental Dermatology. 2003; 12(4):346355
References 3:
Fong LYY et al. Cancer Research. 2003; 63:186195
References 4:
Nagao T et al. Histopathology. 2001; 38(1):3036
References 5:
Nakayama H et al. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1997; 27(6):427432
CD11c is a member of the leukocyte integrin family of adhesion proteins. It is reported to be expressed in normal tissues, mainly on myeloid cells, for example, in bone marrow myelocytes, premyelocytes, metamyelocytes, non-segmented and segmented neutrophils with high levels reported on tissue macrophages and monocytes and with lowest levels in granulocytes. It is also reported to be expressed on NK cells, activated T cells, lymphoid cell lines, including hairy cell leukemias and a proportion of interdigitating dendritic cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5D11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Barth TFE et al. Journal of Pathology. 2007; 211:305-313
References 2:
Venkatraman L et al. Modern Pathology. 2005; 18: 255A-256A 1183 Supplement 1
Anti-Synaptophysin reacts with neuroendocrine cells of human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas and gastrointestinal mucosa. Positive staining is seen in neurons of the brain, spinal cord, retina, and Paneths cells in the gastrointestinal tract and gastric parietal cells. This antibody identifies normal neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Diffuse, finely granular cytoplasmic staining is observed, which probably correlates with the distribution of the antigen within neurosecretory vesicles. The expression of synaptophysin is independent of the presence of NSE or other neuroendocrine markers. Anti-Synaptophysin is an independent broadrange marker of neural and neuroendocrine differentiation.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Navone F, et al. J Cell Biol. 1986; 103:2511-27
References 2:
Wiedenmann B, et al. Cell. 1985; 41:1017-28
References 3:
Kayser K, et al. Pathol Res Pract. 1988; 183:412-7
Anti-TdT antibody labels normal cortical thymocytes and primitive lymphocytes. Anti-TdT antibody detects an enzyme found in the nucleus of normal hematopoietic cells, normal cortical thymocytes and in the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes of the bone marrow. TdT expression is seen in over 90% of acute lymphoblastic lymphoma/ leukemia cases with the exception of pre-B-Cell ALL. TdT expression is not seen in normal mature T-or B-lymphocytes. Anti-TdT is positive for approximately one third of all cases of chronic myeloid leukemia, making it a good indicator of better response to chemotherapy.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Motea EA, et al. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2010; 1804:1151-66
References 2:
Stauchen JA, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003; 11:21-4
References 3:
Suzumiya J, et al. J Pathol. 1997; 182:86-91
References 4:
Arber DA, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1996; 106:462-8
The HMB45 antigen has also been identified in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) but is reported to be reactive only with the transient prenatal and infantile RPE. No reaction is reported to be observed with intradermal nevi and normal adult melanocytes and non-melanocytic cells. Tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial and mesenchymal origin are reported to be negative. This clone is well described in the literature. It is indicated to label an intracytoplasmic antigen in the majority of melanomas and other tumors demonstrating melanoma/melanocytic differentiation. The clone is also reported to react with junctional and blue nevus cells. (Bacchi CE et al., A Review. Applied Immunohistochemistry. 4:73-85 (1996)).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
HMB45
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 10.8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Swetter SM et al. Archives of Dermatology. 2004; 140:99-103
References 2:
Kapur RP et al. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 1992; 40(2):207-212
References 3:
Gown AM et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1986; 123(2):195-203
Thyroid peroxidase gene expression is under the regulation of thyroid stimulating hormone. In normal thyroid, expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) described immunohistochemically is reported to produce a diffuse, fine, granular cytoplasmic stain in all follicular cells. Some studies have shown qualitative, as well as quantitative differences in thyroid peroxidase expression in thyroid cancer compared to normal tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AC25
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 10.8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kimura S et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 84: 5555-5559 (1987)
References 2:
De Micco C et al. Cancer 67(12): 30363041 (1991)
References 3:
Czarnocka B et al. Breast Journal Cancer 85(6): 875880 (2001)
References 4:
Tanaka T et al. Journal of Pathology 179: 8994 (1996)
Toxoplasma gondii is a spindle-to-oval-shaped protozoan which presents as an infection in humans of various sorts. The cyst (30 um) and trophozoite (7 um) stages can be identified in humans is such cases. This intracellular parasite is transmitted via raw/undercooked meat, contaminated soil, or by direct contact with an infected host. Infection in humans is usually associated with a variable degree of immunosuppression such as in pregnancy or immunosuppression due to various drugs.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as TSH or thyrotropin) is a peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by thyrotrops in the anterior pituitary gland which regulate the endocrine function of the thyroid gland. TSH is a glycoprotein and consists of two subunits which are non-covalently bound to one another. Anti-TSH reacts with TSH-producing cells (thyrotrophs), and is a useful marker in classification of pituitary tumors.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Batanero E, et al. Brain Behav Immun. 1992; 6:249-64
References 2:
Sanno N, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995; 80:2518-22
References 3:
La Rosa S, et al. Virchows Arch. 2000; 437:264-9
References 4:
Kuzuya N, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990; 71:1103-11
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a 34 kD protein belonging to the kallikrein family of serine proteases and was originally isolated and purified from human seminal plasma. It was found to be immunologically identical and biologically similar to a protein isolated from the prostate gland. PSA is distinct from prostatic acid phosphatase. Low levels of expression of PSA have been reported in non-prostatic tissues and tumors such as breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
35H9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 43 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Watt KWK et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1986; 83:3166-3170
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a fetal tumor-associated polypeptide of the albuminoid gene family that binds and transports molecules in addition to many other proposed functions. This secretory protein is synthesized primarily in the fetal liver whereas expression is repressed in adult liver.Anti-AFP has been immunohistochemically demonstrated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and shows no immunoreactivity in normal liver.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mizejewski GJ et al. Exp Biol Med. 2001; 226:377-408
References 2:
Lazarevich NL et al.Biochemistry (Mosc). 2000; 65:117-33
References 3:
Yusof YA, et al. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2003; 25:332-8
Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) is a core histone protein, which together with other histones, forms the major protein constituents of the chromatin in eukaryotic cells. In mammalian cells, phosphohistone H3 is negligible during interphase but reaches a maximum for chromatin condensation during mitosis. Immunohistochemical studies showed anti-PHH3 specifically detected the core protein histone H3 only when phosphorylated at serine 10 or serine 28. Studies have also revealed no phosphorylation on the histone H3 during apoptosis. PHH3 can serve as a mitotic marker to separate mitotic figures from apoptotic bodies and karyorrhectic debris, which may be a very useful tool in diagnosis of tumor grades, especially in CNS, skin, gyn., soft tissue, and GIST.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gurley LR, et al. Eur J Biochem 1978; 84:1-15
References 2:
Hendzel MJ, et al. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:24470-8
References 3:
Colman H, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006; 30:657-64
References 4:
Nasr MR, et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2008; 30:117-22
PAX2 is a member of the paired box family of transcription factors, which is required for development and proliferation of the kidney, brain, and mllerian organs. PAX2 genes contain a highly conserved DNA sequence within the paired box region, which encodes a DNA-binding domain, enabling PAX proteins to bind the promoters of specific genes to transcriptionally regulate their expression. PAX2 is specifically expressed in the developing central nervous system, eye, ear, and urogenital tract, and is essential for the development of these organs. In normal adult tissues PAX2 was mainly detected in the urogenital system, including kidney, ureteric epithelium, fallopian tube epithelium, ovary and uterus. In tumors, PAX2 has been detected in renal cell carcinomas, Wilms' tumors, nephrogenic adenomas and papillary serous carcinoma of the ovary. PAX2 has been used as a marker for the identification of renal cell carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma by immunohistochemistry.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP235
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gnarra JR, et al. Cancer Res. 1995; 55:4092-8
References 2:
Mazal PR, et al. Mod Pathol. 2005; 4:535-40
References 3:
Chivukula M, et al. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009; 28:570-8
aveolin-1 is a major structural component of caveolae, which are vesicular invaginations present on the plasma membrane of different cell types. It plays a regulatory role in several signaling pathways and is reported to be most abundantly expressed in terminally differentiated mesenchymal cells such as smooth muscle cells, adipocytes and endothelial cells. High levels are also reported in fibroblasts where a fine granular membranous and diffuse cytoplasmic staining pattern is described.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4D6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wiechen K et al. American Journal of Pathology. 158 (3): 833839 (2001).
References 2:
Scherer PE et al. PNAS. 93: 131135 (1996)
References 3:
Lisanti MP et al. Journal of Cellular Biology. 126 (1): 111126 (1994).
Rabbit anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyclonal antibody recognizes PPD from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rabbit anti M. tuberculosis has not been cross absorbed and may react with related micro-organisms, however the antibody is non-reactive with E.coli K12, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus (group B), Candida albicans and Neisseria meningitidis.
Neurofilaments constitute the main structural elements of neuronal axons and dendrites. Neurofilaments are composed of three major subunits referred to as the neurofilament triplet, with molecular weights of 68 kD, 160kD and 200 kD. Within tumors, only neoplastic cells of neural origin or those exhibiting neuronal differentiation, have been reported to express neurofilaments. NF-H (200 kD) polypeptide of human neurofilament. This antibody reacts with both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of NF-H.
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is an isoenzyme of acid phosphatase found in large amounts in the prostate and seminal fluid. The precise function of PAP is unknown, but it may act as a hydrolase to split phosphoryl choline in semen and also function as a transferase. Elevated serum levels of the enzyme are reported in metastatic prostatic carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PASE/4LJ
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Haines AMR et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 887892 (1989)
References 2:
Haines AMR et al. Biochemical Society Transactions. 15: 11791180 (1987)
Dystrophin is the 427kD protein product of the DMD gene located on the X chromosome at position Xp21. Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. Product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
34C5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Blake DJ et al. Physiological Reviews. 82 (2): 291329 (2002)
References 2:
Oliveira AS et al. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 50 (4): 478485 (1992
References 3:
Haginoya K et al. Journal of Neurology. 238 (7): 375378 (1991)
Alpha-synuclein is a protein of 140 amino acids and a member of the synuclein family. It shares 61% sequence homology with beta-synuclein and is highly conserved between vertebrate species. It does not possess a signal sequence suggesting that it is an intracellular protein. All synucleins have an unusual organization based around the eleven residue repeating motif and an alpha-helical secondary structure resembling those found in the lipid-binding domain of exchangeable apolipoproteins, including Apo E. This homology suggests a direct interaction of alpha-synuclein with membranes consistent with its affinity for synaptosomes.Clone KM51 is specific for alpha-synuclein and is unreactive with beta-synuclein. Pretreatment of tissue sections with 98-100% formic acid is also recommended.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
KM51
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Baba M et al. American Journal of Pathology. 152 (4): 879884 (1998)
References 2:
Polymeropoulos MH et al. Science. 276: 20452047 (1997)
References 3:
Spillantini MG et al. Nature. 388: 839840 (1997)
References 4:
Weinreb PH et al. Biochemistry. 35 (43): 1370913715 (1996)
Oct-3/4 is a member of the POU homeodomain family of transcription factors, which is expressed by embryonic stem cells and germ cells. A critical amount of Oct-3/4 is required to maintain stem cell self replication. Down regulation of Oct-3/4 levels are associated with loss of pluripotency. Oct-3/4 has been proposed as a useful marker for germ cell tumors which exhibit features of pluripotentiality, including seminoma/dysgerminoma/germinoma and embryonal carcinoma, and establishing a germ cell origin for some metastatic tumors of uncertain primary origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
N1NK
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 69 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Del Sordo R et al. Histology and histopathology. 2014; 29(1):101-106
References 2:
Miettinen M et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2014; 38(3):410-420
References 3:
Paine SML et al. Neuropathology and applied neurobiology. 2014; 40:544-550
References 4:
Antic T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2011; 136:872-880
Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) is a member of the homeodomain transcription factor family and plays a role in regulating genes expressed within the thyroid, lung and brain. These include thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant proteins. Human TTF-1 (38 kD) is a single polypeptide of 371 amino acids sharing 98% homology with the equivalent rat and mouse proteins. TTF-1 functions by binding to specific recognition sites in a manner that may be regulated by both the redox and phosphorylation status of the protein. In addition to its role as a tissue-specific transcriptional activator in adult organs, TTF-1 may also function in organogenesis. Gene targeting studies have shown TTF-1 to be essential for the proper development of the thyroid and lungs and abnormal expression may underline a number of congenital abnormalities.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SPT24
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 108 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Unal B et al. Turkish Journal of Pathology. 2014; 30(3): 201-205
References 2:
Klingen TA et al. Diagnostic Pathology. 2013; 8: 80-86
References 3:
Berghmans T et al. Lung Cancer. 2006; 52(2): 219-224
References 4:
Penman D et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2006; 59:663-664.
References 5:
Comperat E et al. Modern Pathology. 2005; 18(10):1371-1376
Pax genes are a family of developmental control genes that encode nuclear transcription factors and have been implicated in the control of mammalian development. Pax-5 is a B cell specific transcription factor that is expressed in pro B cells, pre-B and mature B cells, and subsequently in all stages of B cell development until the plasma cell stage in which it is downregulated.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1EW
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 29 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hansson M et al. European Journal of Haematology. 2007; 79:159-165
The c-kit proto-oncogene encodes a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, c-kit (CD117), which is closely-related to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor family. c-kit plays a role during hematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. The expression of CD117 antigen is of particular interest in the study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), small lung cell carcinomas and in melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
T595
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sawyer EJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2003; 200:5964
Granzymes are serine proteases which are stored in specialized lytic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and in natural killer cells. Anti-Granzyme B has been useful in diagnosing Natural killer/T cell lymphoma, as well as anaplastic large cell lymphoma. High percentages of cytotoxic T cells have been shown to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator in Hodgkins disease.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kummer JA, et al. Clin Exp Immunol. 1995; 100:164-72
Human fascin is a 55 to 58 kD actin-bundling protein, whose actin binding ability is regulated by phosphorylation. In normal tissues the detection of fascin is reported to be predominantly restricted to dendritic cells, and in the thymus has been observed only in medullary dendritic cells. In reactive nodes, interdigitating reticulum cells of T cell zones, cells in subcapsular areas, and cells of the reticular network express fascin. Variable expression is seen in follicular dendritic cells and endothelial cells. Lymphoid cells, myeloid cells and plasma cells do not express fascin; however, in cases of Hodgkin's disease, including nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity lymphocyte depletion and unclassified cases, most or all Reed Sternberg cells are reported to be positive for fascin. Fascin expression may be induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of B cells with the possibility that viral induction of fascin in lymphoid or other cell types must also be considered in EBV-positive cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
IM20
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ishikawa R et al. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (41): 2699126997 (1998)
References 2:
Ono S et al. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (4): 25272533 (1997)
References 3:
Pinkus GS et al. American Journal of Pathology. 150 (2): 543562 (1997)
Complement component C3 plays a central role in the activation of complement system. Its activation is required for both classical and alternative complement activation pathways. C3d deposition in the renal transplant PTCs (peritubular capillaries) is indicative of AR (acute rejection) with subsequent high probability of graft loss. Anti-C3d, combined with anti-C4d, can be utilized as a tool for diagnosis of AR and warrant prompt and aggressive anti-rejection treatment. In another study, Pfaltz et al. have shown that anti-C3d labeled the epidermal basement membrane in 97% (31/32) cases of bullous pemphigoid (BP), with none of the normal controls demonstrating such findings. In the same study 27% (3/11) cases of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) demonstrated intercellular C3d deposition. Therefore, C3d immunohistochemistry is a helpful adjunct in the diagnosis of BP (and perhaps PV), especially in the cases in which only formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue is available for analysis.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bickerstaff A, et al. Am J Pathol. 2008; 173:347-57
References 2:
Kuypers DR, et al. Transplantation. 2003; 76:102-8
Napsin A has a specific function in normal alveolar epithelium and is proposed to play a role in the proteolytic processing of surfactant precursors. Napsin A is reported to be predominantly expressed in lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes, secondary lysosomes of alveolar macrophages, respiratory epithelium of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, plasma cells, within a subset of lymphocytes in normal lung, as well as in epithelial cells of renal tubules in normal kidney and is weakly expressed in normal spleen. Studies have reported that Napsin A is expressed in 90% of primary lung adenocarcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
IP64
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 8.3 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yamashita Y et al. Modern Pathology. 2015; 28: 111-11
References 2:
Kandalaft PL et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2014; 142: 830-836
Recombinant prokaryotic fusion protein corresponding to approximately 100 amino acids which are present in the membrane-bound form of the mesothelin molecule.
Mesothelin is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked (GPI) glycoprotein of 40kD present on the surface of mesothelial cells, mesotheliomas, epithelial ovarian cancers and some squamous cell carcinomas. It is synthesized as a 69 kD precursor which is enzymatically processed into an N-terminal secreted form of 30 kD and the GPI-linked membrane-bound form of 40 kD. The secreted form is identical to the megakaryocyte potentiating factor, but it is the GPI-linked membrane-bound form which has generated interest. Mesothelin is abundantly expressed in the kidney and in occasional epithelial cells of the trachea, tonsil and fallopian tube. The function of mesothelin is unclear but it may have a role in cellular adhesion. Mesothelin is reported to be abundant in the normal mesothelial cells from which malignant mesotheliomas and ovarian cystadenocarcinomas are derived.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5B2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 40 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ordonez NG. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2003; 27(11):14181428
References 2:
Ordonez NG. Modern Pathology. 2003; 16(3):192197
References 3:
Argani P et al. Clinical Cancer Research. 2001; 7(12):38623868
CD99 is a 32 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, encoded by the MIC2 gene, which is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the human X and Y chromosomes. Recently, the MIC2 gene has been shown to encode two distinct proteins which are produced by alternative splicing of the CD99 gene transcript and are identified as bands of 30 and 32 kDa (p30/32).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PCB1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 9,9 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bühnemann C et al. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(9): e107105.
References 2:
Bahrami A et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 2008; 132:326-348
Synaptophysin is an integral membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 38 kD. It is reported to occur in presynaptic vesicles of neurons in brain, spinal cord, retina, in similar vesicles of the adrenal medulla as well as in neuromuscular junctions. Synaptophysin may be involved in synaptic vesicle formation and exocytosis. Synaptophysin is reported to be expressed in a wide spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors including neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, phaeochromocytomas, chromaffin and non-chromaffin paragangliomas. Synaptophysin is also reported to be expressed in neuroendocrine tumors of epithelial type including pituitary adenomas, islet cell tumors, medullary carcinomas of thyroid, parathyroid adenomas, carcinoids of the bronchopulmonary and gastrointestinal tracts, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the bronchopulmonary and gastrointestinal tract and neuronendocrine carcinomas of the skin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
27G12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 42 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Takeda S et al. Neuropathology. 2003; 23(4):254261
Microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) gene product, a nuclear transcription factor of the basic-helix-loop-helix type, is thought to play a role in the regulation of genes encoding the enzymes necessary for melanogenesis. These include tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2. MITF is critical for the embryonic development and postnatal viability of melanocytes. The melanocyte-specific isoform of microphthalmia transcription factor MITF-M, is reported to be expressed in normal and malignant melanocytes. The other isoforms, MITF-A, MITF-C and MITF-H, differ structurally at the N-terminus from MITF-M.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
34CA5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fang D and Setaluri V. Biochem. and Biophys. Research Comm. 256 (3): 657663 (1999)
References 2:
King R et al. American Journal of Pathology. 155 (3): 731738 (1999)
References 3:
Amae S et al. Biochem.and Biophys.Research Comm. 247: 710715 (1998)
References 4:
Watanabe A et al. Nature Genetics. 18: 283286 (1998)
Melan A, a product of the MART-1 gene, is a melanocyte differentiation marker recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Other melanoma-associated markers recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells are reported to include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, gp75, BAGE-1 and GAGE-1. The analysis of these different molecules and their expression in individual melanomas may be of help in the study of their particular molecular roles in melanocyte differentiation and tumorigenesis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
A103
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 22 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shidham VB et al. BioMed Central cancer. 2003; 3(1):15
References 2:
Clarkson KS et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:196200
References 3:
De Vries TJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 193:1320
References 4:
Fang D et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 158(6):21072115
References 5:
Chen YT et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1996; 93:59155919
The CD4 molecule (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 59 kD. The CD4 antigen is expressed on a T cell subset (helper/inducer) representing 45% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and at a lower level on monocytes and germinal center macrophages. Most cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, including mycosis fungoides, express the CD4 antigen and HTLV-1 associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma is also generally CD4 positive.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 405 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Arnould L et al. British Journal of Cancer 2006; 94:259-267
References 2:
Choi HJ et al. British Journal of Dermatology 2006; 154:419-425
References 3:
Lapperre TS et al. Thorax 2006; 61:115-121
References 4:
Willemse BWM et al. Respiratory Research 2005; 6:38
References 5:
Suzuki A et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 196:37-43
Calcitonin (CT) is a 32 amino acid peptide synthesized by the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid. It acts through its receptors to inhibit osteoclast mediated bone resorption, decrease calcium resorption by the kidney and decrease calcium absorption by the intestines. The action of calcitonin is therefore to cause a reduction in serum calcium, an effect opposite to that of parathyroid hormone. The calcitonin gene transcript also encodes the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is thought to be a potent vasodilator. The tissue specificity of the transcript produced depends on alternative splicing of the CT/CGRP gene transcript. In the parafollicular cells of the thyroid 95% of the CT/CGRP is processed and translated to produce CT, however, in neuronal cells 99% of the CT/CGRP RNA is translated into CGRP. The C cells of the thyroid give rise to an endocrine tumor, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which occurs in a sporadic (75% of cases) and hereditary form (25% of cases). Familial MTC is associated with C cell hyperplasia (CCH), whereas sporadic MTC is thought not to be. However, in the general population CCH is present in 20-30% of thyroid glands, either with normal histology, thyroiditis or follicular tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CL1948
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 29 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leboulleux S et al.Clinical Endocrinology. 2004; 61:299310
References 2:
Hirsch P et al. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2001; 1(4):299305
References 3:
Pondel M. International Journal of Experimental Pathology. 2000; 81:405422
Marker for lymphoma diagnosis. MB2 reacts with all B-cells. Further positive reaction with epithelia and endothelium was observed. MB2 recognizes neuraminidase-resistant cytoplasmic 28 kDa antigen, expressed strongly on B-cells and weakly on mature T-cells; no reaction with immature T-cells; negative staining with plasmacytomas. Positive control: tonsil.
The monoclonal antibody 6D4 recognizes human C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (IP-10), a protein of 98 amino acids. IP-10, also known as CXCL10, functions as ligand for the CXCR3 receptor. IP-10 belongs to the ?-chemokine (C-X-C) family, which can be divided in two subfamilies: (1) potent chemoattractants for neutrophils, like IL-8 and (2) potent chemoattractants for lymphocytes, like the IFNÉ£ inducible protein (IP)-10. IP-10 is produced by a wide variety of cell types ranging from neutrophils, dendritic cells and monocytes to hepatocytes, endothelial cells and keratinocytes. The cytokine is reported to be involved in a scala of inflammatory pathologies such as HIV, encephalitis, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, chronic hepatitis, psoriasis and acute anterior uveitis. Various observations strongly suggest a role for the C-X-C chemokines IL-8 and IP-10 in the regulation of angiogenic activity in cancer and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore IP-10 is associated with acute rejection processes estimated by the predictive properties of urinary IP-10 expression for the short- and long-term graft function after kidney transplantation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6D4
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hamamdzic; D Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 280: L18
References 2:
Giustizieri, M et al Am J Path 2002, 161: 1409
References 3:
Bendriss-Vermare; N et al. J of Leukoc Biol 2005; 78: 954
The antibody reacts with the 33 kD human serine protease granzyme B. It does not react with human granzyme A. It is used as a marker for NK-cells and activated cytotoxic T-cells (CTL). This protease is localized in cytoplasmic granules and gives a granular staining pattern. Granzyme B is involved in target cell apoptosis during lymphocyte mediated cyto-toxicity. Exocytosis of granzyme containing granules in the cytoplasm of the target cell will lead to induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis of the target cell.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GrB-7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Format:
Protein G purified
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kummer, J.A et al. J. Immunol. Methods 1993; 163: 77
References 2:
Kummer, J.A et al.Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1995;100: 164
References 3:
de Bruin, P.C. et al. Blood 1994; 84: 3785-3791
References 4:
Oudejans, J.J et al.Am. J. Pathology 1996; 148: 233-240
CD4 is a 55 kD glycoprotein expressed on the surface of T-helper/regulatory T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Anti-CD4 is used in the immune phenotyping of lymphoproliferative disorders. The majority of peripheral T-cell lymphomas are derived from the T-helper/regulatory cell subset so that most mature T-cell neoplasms are CD4+ CD8-. As with other T-cell antigens, CD4 may be aberrantly expressed in neoplastic T-cells so that the evaluation of such tumors requires the application of a panel of markers in order to identify tumors with CD4 aberrant expression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1F6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong AS-Y, et al. Greenwich Medical Media Ltd. 2003
References 2:
Akiyama T, et al. Pathol Int. 2008; 58:626-34
References 3:
Garcia-Herrera A, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26:3364-71
Antibody PAL-M1 stains the majority of primary melanomas and the large majority of metastases and is directed against the transferrin receptor (CD71). Local staining of dysplastic nevocellular nevi may be observed. Common nevocellular nevi rarely stain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-M1
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ruiter DJ et al., (1985) J Invest Dermatol 85, 4-8
References 2:
Muijen G van et al. (1990) J Invest Dermatol 95, 65-69
Monoclonal antibody MNA.1 (formerly known as 5D3-F7) recognizes human natural and recombinant monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a 11 kDa protein belonging to the CC subgroup of the chemokine superfamily, which stimulate the migration of monocytic cells. In contrast, the CXC chemokines predominantly activate polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The coordinated synthesis and release of MCP-1 plays a central role in both acute and chronic inflammatory processes by controlling the influx of phagocytic cells. Furthermore, their state of activation is in concert with primary inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, TNF-a, and IL-6. A selective accumulation of MCP-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus encephalitis, but not with other opportunistic infections or primary lymphomas of the central nervous system , has been described. Furthermore, the chemotactic activity of MCP-1 on monocytic cells has been suggested to play a role in psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. No cross-reactivity of mAb MNA.1 with other cytokines has been detected.
The antibody binds to human MMP-3. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and did not cross-react.
This antibody stains a minority of primary melanomas and half of the metastatic lesions tested. It rarely stains dysplastic naevi or common cellular naevi using standard immunohistochemical conditions. The antibody recognizes two protein bands in immunoblotting with a molecular weight of 95-100 kD.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-M2
Concentration:
10 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ruiter DJ et al., (1985) J Invest Dermatol 85, 4-8
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-9. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The 12-mer peptide used for the immunization differs on 4 or 5 amino acids with the sequence of MMP-9 of rat, mouse, and rabbit. Therefore it is not expected to be effective in these species as well. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3 and did not cross-react.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human TIMP-1. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The 11-mer peptide used for the immunization differs on at least 3 amino acids with the sequence of TIMP-1 of rat, mouse, and rabbit. Therefore it is not expected to be effective in these species as well. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with TIMP-2 and did not cross-react.
The antibody binds to human TIMP-2. Reactivity in other species has not been determined, but the 11-mer peptide used for the immunization shows a 100% match with rat, mouse, and rabbit TIMP-2. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with TIMP-1 and did not cross-react.
This antibody recognizes a heterogeneous 25-110 kD glycoprotein that is located mainly in the inner side of membranes of cytoplasmic vesicles in melanoma cells. The antigen has a 25 kD unglycosylated precursor in formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Cross reactivity: The antibody reacts with some mucus producing tumors, carcinoids, carcinomas of the thyroid, mast cells, histiocytes in tumor regions and with cells with secretory functions such as salivary glands, bronchial glands, sweat glands, pancreas and prostate. The antibody should be used on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections, it is not advisable to use the antibody on frozen sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NKI/C3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
50 mM PBS at pH 7.4 with 1% BSA and 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
MacKie, R.M., et al., J. Clin. Pathol. 37, 367 (1984)
References 2:
van Duinen, S.G., et al., Cancer 53, 1566 (1984)
References 3:
Vennegoor, C., et al., Int. J. Cancer 35, 287 (1985)
References 4:
Palmer, A.A., et al., Pathology 17, 335 (1985)
References 5:
Hagen, E.C., et al., Histopathology 10, 689 (1986)
This is a rat strain-independent antibody to CD45. This monoclonal antibody recognizes a common epitope of rat CD45, present on all rat leucocytes. The ANK74 monoclonal antibody was generated by immunizing mice with IL-2-activated cultured NK cells of Wag rats.
This antibody recognizes a high molecular weight proteoglycan with a molecular weight of > 450 kD (chondroitin sulfate) and 250 kD (core protein). The antibody reacts strongly with melanoma cells derived from cell lines and short term cultures and reacts preferentially with melanoma cells in frozen tissue sections. The antibody can also be used to detect melanoma lesions in vivo. Crossreactivity: The antibody reacts with most naevi and perineurium, and shows weak reactivity with hair follicles.
The R73-2b monoclonal antibody binds to an epitope of the constant region of the rat ?ß-T cell receptor and is able to activate rat T cells (Beun et al., 1993). The reactivity of R73-2b monoclonal antibody is rat strain-independent. R73-coated culture flasks induce rat T cell proliferation (Beun et al., 1993). This monoclonal antibody is an IgG2b isotype switch variant (Beun et al., 1993) of the well-known R73 IgG1 monoclonal antibody that is specific for the rat ?ß-T cell receptor (Hünig et al. 1989).
The antigen recognized by ANK44 is highly expressed on rat NK cells after IL-2-activation. The antigen is not expressed by unstimulated NK cells. ANK44 also binds to rat ??-TCR T cells. It does not bind to ?ß-TCR T cells or to B cells. The ANK44 monoclonal antibody is rat strain-independent.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ANK44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Giezeman-Smits KM et al. J Leukoc Biol 1998;63:209-215
This antibody recognizes a molecular complex consisting of two bands with MW of 150 kD and 90 kD respectively (reduced 4 subunits 120 kD, 95 kD, 29 kD and 25 kD). The antibody reacts strongly with melanoma cells derived from cell lines and short term cultures and melanoma cells in frozen tissue sections. The antigen detected by this antibody is found to be associated with the adhesion, spreading and motility of human cultured melanoma cells. Cross reactions: The antibody reacts with a proportion of naevi and with endothelial cells of small vessels.
ANK61 reactivity is rat strain-independent. The antigen recognized by ANK61 is highly expressed on freshly isolated and cultured rat NK cells. The antibodies also bind to rat ?ß-TCR T cells and at a low level to rat B cells. Binding to other cell types is unknown. Triggering of the antigen by ANK61 antibodies activates the lytic machinery of rat NK cells, but not of T cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ANK61
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Giezeman-Smits KM et al. Immunobiol 1997;197:429-443
Melanoma associated antigen (MAA) is dispersed in the cytoplasma of melanoma cells, and is more concentrated inside vacuoles and sometimes on the melanosomes. Occasionally the antigen is seen on the cell surface. The antigen is actively shed from living cells. Although the antigen is associated with melanomas, it is not codistributed with the tyrosinase activity associated with melagonesis. The antigen shows codistribution with cathepsin D, which is a marker for lysosomal functions. The antibody NKI/beteb recognizes a (pre)melanosomal 100 kD and 7 kD antigen (glycoprotein). The antibody reacts with melanomas, clear cells sarcomas (melanoma of soft tissue), nevocellular nevi, and normal melanocytes. Except for one case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which macrophages were positive, no reactions with other tumors or tissues have been observed.
This bispecific antibody was generated by fusion of the R73-producinghybridoma with the CC52-producing hybridoma (Beun et al., 1993).Quadroma clones producing functional bispecific antibodies were selectedby testing the ability of the quadroma products to induce T cells to lyse theappropriate tumor cells.
This antibody is specific to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CA 15-3, or polymorphic epithelial mucin. This antibody stains an underglycosylated MUC1 often present on carcinoma cells.
A BALB/c mouse was immunized subcutaneously in its footpads with fragments of a human tonsil. After fusing the lymphocytes from the popliteal lymph nodes of this mouse with murine SP2/0 myeloma cells, the antibody producing cells were selected on their immunohistochemical staining pattern. Later on the antibody was biochemically analysed and revealed to recognize the CD21 molecule (140kD) by immunoprecipitation procedures. This antibody reacts with the CD21 (140kD) molecule, expressed (moderate) on mature B-cells and (at high density) on follicular dendritic cells (FDC).
Ep-Cam (also called ESA, EGP40, 17-1A antigen, KSA, GA7333-2) is a 40kD epithelial protein expressed on baso-lateral cell surfaces in very many epithelial tissues (but absent from mesothelial tissues). The extracellular domain has a cysteine-rich repeat and a small domain with homology to nidogen. It is a homophyllic cell-cell adhesion molecule, recently called Ep-CAM (Litvinov et al., 1994). It reacts with most epithelial cells and carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VU-1D9
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 15 mM sodium azide, pH 7.4
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsubura et al. J Cutan Pathol 1992; 19: 73
References 2:
Herlyn et al. Hybridoma suppl 1986; 5: S3-S8
References 3:
Szala et al. Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci 1990; 87: 3542-3546
The monoclonal antibody ECE.2 recognizes mouse monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The murine JE gene encodes the monocyte-specific cytokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP- 1). MCP-1 is a CC chemokine of 76 amino acids (~11 kDa) and is chemotactic for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils and eosinophils. MCP-1 is expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC), macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor ?. MCP-1 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory processes, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, nephritis, and parasitic and viral infections. MCP-1 antigen is not detected in the endothelium or SMC of normal arteries. MCP-1 has also been shown to exhibit biological activities other than chemotaxis. It can induce the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) MCP-1 signals via the CCR2 receptor, and is critical for aneurysm formation because of its stability to recruit leukocytes. These leukocytes produce extracellular matrix-degrading MMPs, thereby inductin aortic remodelling and dilatation. Interleukin-6 is also involved in this amplification loop accelerating vascular inflammation. MCP-/- mice display significantly delayed wound re-epithelialization, and also delayed wound angiogenesis.
This antibody reacts with a subset of B-lymphocytes localized in the follicular mantle zone. It reacts with 97% of hairy cell leukemia cases. This antibody shows strong positive staining of about 35% of cases of high grade B cell lymphomas. Positive control Tonsil.
This antibody stains macrophages and histocytic cells in a wide variety of normal and diseased tissue. Dendritic cells, myeloid cells and glia cells do not react with this monoclonal antibody. Monocytes stain weakly with 3A5, also after external activation.
p40 is a relatively unknown antibody that recognizes ?Np63-a p63 isoform suggested to be highly specific for squamous/basal cells. In a recent study, p40 is equivalent to p63 in sensitivity for squamous cell carcinoma, but it is markedly superior to p63 in specificity1, which eliminates a potential pitfall of misinterpreting a p63-positive adenocarcinoma or unsuspected lymphoma as squamous cell carcinoma. These findings strongly support the routine use of p40 in place of p63 for the diagnosis of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. Postive control Prostate
This antibody recognizes an epitope located in the amino acid residue 410-419 of human oncogene product c-myc. This antibody reacts with both components of the p62 and p64 c-myc.
The monoclonal antibody BV9 binds to the extracellular domain (EC3-EC4) of human VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin). Endothelial cells control the passage of plasma constituents and circulating cells from blood to the underlying tissues. VE-cadherin is of vital importance for the maintenance and control of endothelial cell contacts. Mechanisms that regulate VE-cadherinmediated adhesion are important for the control of vascular permeability and leukocyte extravasation. VE-cadherin regulates various cellular processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis and modulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor functions. Therefore, VE-cadherin is also essential during embryonic angiogenesis. The specialized function of VE-cadherin is lost or impaired in several pathological conditions - including inflammation, sepsis, ischemia and diabetes - which leads to severe, and sometimes fatal, organ dysfunction. Furthermore, abnormal increase in vascular permeability is often observed in pathological conditions, such as tumor-induced angiogenesis, macular degeneration, allergy, and brain stroke.<br /> Endothelial permeability is regulated in part by the dynamic opening and closure of cell-cell adherent junctions. In vascular endothelium, adherent junctions are mainly composed of VE-cadherin, an adhesive receptor that is able to self-associate at endothelial cellcell contacts. VE-cadherin links endothelial cells together by homophilic interactions mediated by its extracellular part and associates intracellularly with the actin cytoskeleton via catenins. VE-cadherin belongs to the cadherin super-family of cellcell adhesion molecules, which are encoded by more than 200 genes in the human genome. Classical cadherins are Ca2+-dependent, homophilic, cell to cell adhesion molecules expressed in nearly all cells within solid tissues. Cadherins form a core adhesion complex that consists of a cadherin dimer, binding through its extracellular region to another dimer of cadherins expressed in adjacent cells, while its intracellular region is anchored to the plasma membrane and linked to the cytoskeleton. The VE-cadherin extracellular domain consists of five cadherin-type repeats, called EC (extracellular cadherin) domains that are bound together by calcium ions in a rod-like structure.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D1f3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Navarro; P et al. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 30965
References 2:
Martin-Padura, I et al J path 1995, 175: 51
References 3:
Breviario; F et al. Arterioscler Thromb 1995; 15: 1229-
This monoclonal antibody recognizes a cell surface structure of about 80 kD expressed by rat tumour cells of epithelial origin. MG1 is a rat strain-independent markers for tumour cells of epithelial origin, such as colon, breast, or lung cancer, etc. When injected in colon tumour-bearing rats, MG1 localizes to tumour cells (Hagenaars et al., 2001).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MG1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000;18:189-196
References 2:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001;18:281-289
The monoclonal antibody ECE.2 recognizes mouse monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The murine JE gene encodes the monocyte-specific cytokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP- 1). MCP-1 is a CC chemokine of 76 amino acids (~11 kDa) and is chemotactic for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils and eosinophils. MCP-1 is expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC), macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor ?. MCP-1 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory processes, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, nephritis, and parasitic and viral infections. MCP-1 antigen is not detected in the endothelium or SMC of normal arteries. MCP-1 has also been shown to exhibit biological activities other than chemotaxis. It can induce the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) MCP-1 signals via the CCR2 receptor, and is critical for aneurysm formation because of its stability to recruit leukocytes. These leukocytes produce extracellular matrix-degrading MMPs, thereby inductin aortic remodelling and dilatation. Interleukin-6 is also involved in this amplification loop accelerating vascular inflammation. MCP-/- mice display significantly delayed wound re-epithelialization, and also delayed wound angiogenesis.
The c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is closely related in structure to the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a member of a large family of cell surface growth factor receptors. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is reported to be detectable in a proportion of breast and other adenocarcinomas as well as transitional cell carcinomas. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is present in a wide variety of cell types in a range of normal human fetal and adult tissues, including breast, stomach and ovary. CB11 detects the internal domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein.
T-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 1A (TCL1) is a member of theTCL1 family and enhances the phosphorylation and activation ofAKT1, AKT2 and AKT3. TCL1promotes the nuclear translocation ofAKT1 and enhances cell proliferation, stabilizes mitochondrial membrane potential and promotes cell survival. The expression of TCL1 is restricted to lymphoid cells. It is expressed early in lymphocyte differentiation. Strong expression ofTCL1 is found in a subset of mantle zone B lymphocytes and is expressed to a lesser extent by follicle center cells. In B cell neoplasia, TCL1 immunoreactivity is found in the majority of B cell lymphomas including lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (60%), and primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma (55%). The expression of theTCL1genecharacterizes low-grade B cell lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP105
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Laine J, et al. Mol Cell2000, 6:395-407
References 2:
Pekarsky Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2000, 97:3028-3033
References 3:
Narducci MG, et al. Cancer Res, 2000, 60:2095-2100
This antibody is reactive with lung cancer associated antigens and has been studied and categorized in different clusters of reactivity patterns during the First International Workshop on Small Cell Lung Cancer Antigens held in London in April 1987. MOC-31 reacts with most epithelia, and, in lung cancer, all lung carcinomas. The membrane-associated proteins detected by MOC-31 appear to have an apparent molecular weight of 35-40 kD. Specificity: Epithelial specific Antigen/Ep-CAM - epithelial glycoprotein 2, EGP-2
The antibody is directed against the P1 fragment of laminin. They are species-independent as it has been shown that they bind to laminin of rat, mouse and humans. MEC5 is an auto-antibody derived from DZB rats that had developed membranous glomerulopathy upon exposure to mercuric chloride
v CC52 is a rat strain-independent marker for tumour cells of epithelial origin, such as colon, breast, or lung cancer, etc. When injected in colon tumour-bearing rats, CC52 localized to tumour cells (Hagenaars et al., 2001). The monoclonal antibody binds to a dimer of two proteins, 120 kD and 130 kD, expressed by rat tumour cells of epithelial origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CC52
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000;18:189-196
References 2:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001;18:281-289
CA 19-9 is a secreted protein that is implicated in various cancers. It is overexpressed in salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinomas and gastric, pancreatic, and colonic (gastrointestinal) adenocarcinomas, but is not expressed in breast, kidney, and prostate carcinomas. CA 19-9 staining is also implicated in Mirizzi’s Syndrome or other bile duct and liver diseases.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of every cell type. It can be classified based on isoelectric points as alpha, beta, and gamma. Muscle Specific Actin includes those of the alpha and gamma isotypes. Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle cells will all stain positively with Anti-Muscle Specific Actin, but mesenchymal cells, not including myoepithelium, will stain negatively. Normal and neoplastic non-muscle cells, including vascular endothelial and connective tissues, carcinomas, melanomas, and lymphomas, will also be negative for muscle specific actin. The use of Anti-Muscle Specific Actin in concert with Anti-Smooth Muscle Actin can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
CA-125 is normally found in epithelial cells of Fallopian tube, endometrium and endocervix, pancreas, colon, gall bladder, stomach, kidney, apocrine sweat gland, mammary gland, and mesothelial cell lining of pleura, pericardium, and the peritoneum. Anti-CA-125 reacts positively with ovarian malignancies, cervical carcinoma, seminal vesicle carcinoma, anaplastic lymphoma, and endometrial and bladder adenocarcinoma.
HMB-45 is specific for an antigen present in immature melanosomes, cutaneous melanocytes, and prenatal and infantile retinal pigment epithelium cells. It is therefore effective for identifying malignant melanoma, and differentiating metastatic amelanotic melanoma from a number of conditions where the discrimination is often extremely difficult, including large cell lymphomas, sarcomas, spindle cell carcinomas, and various types of mesenchymal neoplasms. This antibody can also differentiate between junctional nevus and intradermal nevus cells, and between fetal or neonatal melanocytes and normal adult melanocytes.
The Her3 [IHC113] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC113
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast Cancer
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Human Creatine Kinase, M subunit (CK-MM, CK-MB) is an enzyme expressed by various tissues and cell types. It catalyses the conversion of creatine and utilizes ATP to produce phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Cytosolic CK consist of two subunits, which can be either B (brain type) or M (muscle type).
This antibody is suitable for all immunoassay applications, The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Proprietary 2-step fractionation procedure, IN 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2 with 0.05 % sodium azide.
Special application note:
Antibody purity is > 80% based on SDS-PAGE.Proprietary 2-step fractionation procedure.Antibody is supplied in 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2. 0.05% (w/v) Sodium Azide is added as a preservative.No reactivity to B subunit.
Arginase-1, encoded by the ARG1 gene, is a cytosolic metalloenzyme expressed predominantly in hepatocytes. Arginase-1 plays a key role in the urea cycle by catalyzing the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. Argininemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a buildup of arginine and ammonia in the blood. Anti-Arginase-1 is highly specific for hepatocytes, and is therefore a sensitive and specific marker of benign and malignant hepatic tumours.
Actin is part of the cytoskeletal system of all cell types. Smooth muscle actin is found in myofibroblasts and myoepithelium, but not in cardiac or skeletal muscles. Labeling of smooth muscle actin in concert with muscle specific actin staining can allow for differentiation between rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as muscle-specific actin is found in rhabdomyoblasts, while smooth muscle actin is found in leiomyosarcomas.
Cluster of Differentiation 56 (CD56), also known as Neural-Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM), is a glycoprotein involved in synaptic plasticity, cell-cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, learning, and memory. NCAM is expressed in normal neurons, glia, natural killer cells, activated T-cells, brain and cerebellum, neuroendocrine tissues, and skeletal muscle. Anti-CD56 recognizes a number of tumours including myeloma, myeloid leukemia, natural killer/T-cell lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumours, pancreatic acinar-cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and Wilm's tumour. CD56 is detectable in neoplasms that are neuroectodermally-derived, such as retinoblastoma, medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, small cell carcinomas, and neuroblastomas. It has also been linked to rhabdomyosarcoma, a tumour that is mesodermally-derived.
The C4d [IHC519] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and mediates the transport of bile acid, taurocholate, and other cholate conjugates across the hepatocyte canalicular membrane into the canaliculus. BSEP is associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2) and benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (BRIC2). PFIC2 caused by mutations in the BSEP gene increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in early life.
Xylan is a group of hemicelluloses that reside in plant cells walls and also can be found in some algae (both green and red). Xylans are polysaccharides whose backbone consists of beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues. This backbone can be substituted with side-chains of arabinosyl, glucuronosyl, and 4-O-mthylglucuronosyl residues, and can also be further modified by acetyl substitution on the hydroxyls of the xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is a soluble, cytoclic enzyme involved in the TCA metablic cycle. The most notable mutation in this enzyme, R132H, is clinically indicated in the majority of astrocytomas and oligodendroglial tumours, with the mutation being associated with more favourable prognosis and increased survival in those patients. IDH1 R132H is also useful in the differential diagnosis between anaplastic glioma and glioblastoma.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Cluster of Differentiation 8 (CD8) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor. It is expressed in cytotoxic T-cells, natural killer cells, cortical thymocytes, some null cells, and bone marrow cells. Anti-CD8, in a panel of other antibodies, may be used to differentiate between reactive and neoplastic T-lymphocytes.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Marcus et al. (2010) Restricted access of proteins to mannan polysaccharides in intact plant cell walls, the plant joutnal, volume 64, Issue 2, October 2010
Androgen Receptor (AR) is a transcriptional regulator with a broad array of functions. This marker is clinically significant in the understanding of tumour progression and tumour aggressiveness. The detection of AR by immunohistochemical staining is important for diagnosis of all types of prostate carcinoma, including both therapy-responsive and therapy-unresponsive disease states. Co-testing with AR and CK20 is used for differential diagnosis of desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) [CK20+/AR-], morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (BCC) [CK20-/AR+], and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) [CK20-/AR-].
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC511
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56796
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 73 (CD73), also known as Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase (ecto-5'-NT), is a cell surface enzyme found in most tissues. CD73 catalyzes the breakdown of AMP to adenosine, thereby modulating inflammatory and T-cell responses. Reports have implicated CD73 expression in tumour progression and carcinogenesis, as CD73 is a key regulatory molecule in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells <em>in vitro</em>, as well as tumour angiogenesis and tumour immune escape <em>in vivo</em>. Due to this key involvement in cancer, CD73 has become an appealing target for cancer immunotherapy. CD73 expression has also been linked to favourable prognosis in breast carcinoma.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Davies et al. (1997) Induction of extracellular matrix glycoproteins in Brassica petioles by wounding and in response to Xanthomonas campestris. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1997;10(7):812-820. doi:10.1094/MPMI.1997.10.7.812Wang. et al. (1995) The monoclonal antibody JIM19 modulates abscisic acid action in barley aleurone protoplasts. Planta 196, 271-276 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00201384
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Davies et al. (1997) Induction of extracellular matrix glycoproteins in Brassica petioles by wounding and in response to Xanthomonas campestris. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1997;10(7):812-820. doi:10.1094/MPMI.1997.10.7.812Wang. et al. (1995) The monoclonal antibody JIM19 modulates abscisic acid action in barley aleurone protoplasts. Planta 196, 271-276 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00201384
Cluster of Differentiation 71 (CD71), also known as Transferrin Receptor Protein 1 (TfR1) or the transferrin receptor, is a cell surface proliferation marker that is involved in the cellular uptake of iron. CD71 is most highly expressed in early erythroid precursors and is fully absent from mature erythrocytes; CD71 is therefore highly useful as a marker for erythroid components within bone marrow biopsy specimens, without interference from mature erythrocytes. CD71 expression has been indicated in invasive breast carcinoma with acquired resistance to tamoxifen, and has been linked to poor prognosis in ER+/luminal-like breast cancer. Anti-CD71 is used in the determination of erythroid leukemia, benign erythroid proliferative disorders, and myelodysplastic syndrome.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC071
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
57014
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Bone Marrow
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 63 (CD63) is a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein identified as a platelet activation molecule. CD63 localizes to the membrane and cytoplasm of many cell types including lymphoid, myeloid, and endothelial cells. CD63 is a useful marker for malignant melanoma, and for distinguishing between renal oncocytoma and eosinophilic renal cell carcinoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC540
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
62544
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Melanoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC039
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 7 (CD7) is an antigen expressed in immature and mature T-lymphocytes, thymocytes, peripheral blood T-cells, natural killer cells, myeloid precursors, fetal liver and bone marrow, a small subpopulation of normal B-cells, and malignant B-cells. The antigen belongs to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, and plays an important role in T-cell interactions and T-cell/B-cell interactions during early lymphoid development. CD7 is indicated as a marker for acute myelogenous leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia, and for neoplastic proliferations such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Anti-CD7, when used in adjunct with Anti-CD4, is useful for differentiating mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome (both cutaneous T-cell lymphomas) from benign dermatoses.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC541
GMDN Code:
56934
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Papain (EC=3.4.22.2) is a cysteine protease which belongs to peptidase C1 family. Can cause an allergic reaction in humans. Alternative names: Papaya proteinase I, allergen= Car p 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Carica papaya
Expected Species:
Carica papaya
Immunogen:
native papain isolated and purified from Carica papaya
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Biotin/IgG protein molar ration is approximately 6,2, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 100 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS. Contains 0.08% sodium azide.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 0,5 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
38,9 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody is labelled with biotin using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin, Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Papain (EC=3.4.22.2) is a cysteine protease which belongs to peptidase C1 family. Can cause an allergic reaction in humans. Alternative names: Papaya proteinase I, allergen= Car p 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Carica papaya
Expected Species:
Carica papaya
Immunogen:
native papain isolated and purified from Carica papaya
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Biotin/IgG protein molar ration is approximately 6,2, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 100 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS. Contains 0.08% sodium azide.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 0,5 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
38,9 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody is labelled with biotin using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin, Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD68) is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane antigen that is detected in lysosomes, tissue macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, and granulocytes. Anti-CD68 may be useful in identifying myelomonocytic and histiocytic tumours, and for differentiating between malignant fibrous histiocytoma and other pleomorphic sarcomas. However, other lysosome-rich cells may also stain, since Anti-CD68 detects a formalin-resistant epitope that may be associated with lysosomal granules.
The HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) proto-oncogene is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase that is clinically indicated in a number of carcinomas. Overexpression of the c-erbB-2 protein has been associated with ductal breast cancer, as well as pulmonary and gastric adenocarcinomas. A correlation between HER2 and p53 has also been documented, as overexpression of both proteins has been associated with early invasion and metastasis in bladder cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC012
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
57047
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 (AKR1B10) is an enzyme of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, and catalyzes the reduction of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. AKR1B10 is commonly expressed in adrenal glands, the small intestine, and colon tissues. AKR1B10 staining is useful in the recognition of liver carcinogenesis.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC508
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) proto-oncogene is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase that is clinically indicated in a number of carcinomas. Overexpression of the c-erbB-2 protein has been associated with ductal breast cancer, as well as pulmonary and gastric adenocarcinomas. A correlation between HER2 and p53 has also been documented, as overexpression of both proteins has been associated with early invasion and metastasis in bladder cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC002
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
57047
UKCA Status:
RUO
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase B-Raf (BRAF) is a cytoplasmic serine-threonine kinase of the RAF family, which mediates downstream cellular responses to growth signals through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Oncogenic mutations in the BRAF gene, 80% of which are a single V600E substitution within the kinase domain, constitutively activate the MAPK signaling pathway and result in increased cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance. The V600E mutation is observed in colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma. BRAF V600E is therefore an important immunohistochemical marker for tumour diagnosis and prognosis.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a cytoplasmic enzyme encoded by the INDO gene on human chromosome 8p22. IDO1 modulates levels of the amino acid tryptophan, which is vital for cell growth, but is also involved in immune evasion and tumor outgrowth. Blocking the IDO1 pathway may be a potential target for immuno and cancer therapy. IDO1 expressions have been found in endometrial, cervical carcinomas, renal cell carcinomas, non-small cell lung carcinomas, and colorectal carcinomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC101
GMDN Code:
66572
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) proto-oncogene is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase that is clinically indicated in a number of carcinomas. Overexpression of the c-erbB-2 protein has been associated with ductal breast cancer, as well as pulmonary and gastric adenocarcinomas. A correlation between HER2 and p53 has also been documented, as overexpression of both proteins has been associated with early invasion and metastasis in bladder cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC042
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
57047
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which plays a role in brain and nervous system development. ALK is typically expressed at low levels in regions of the developing central and peripheral nervous system, such as the neonatal brain and spinal cord. The most common genetic alterations of this gene are chromosomal translocations, which result in multiple ALK fusion proteins that are involved in tumourigenesis, as in the case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), lung adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Aberrant ALK expression is also found in other tumours such as familial neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and brain cancers.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC509
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
56791
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a major plasma glycoprotein seen in hepatocytes of fetal liver and in hepatoma. Elevated levels of AFP in adult serum may be indicative of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, germ cell tumours, or yolk sac tumours. In hepatocellular carcinoma, AFP expression usually indicates malignancy in a hepatocellular nodule and hepatic histogenesis of a malignancy.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC714
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56770
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase B-Raf (BRAF) is a cytoplasmic serine-threonine kinase of the RAF family, which mediates downstream cellular responses to growth signals through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Oncogenic mutations in the BRAF gene, 80% of which are a single V600E substitution within the kinase domain, constitutively activate the MAPK signaling pathway and result in increased cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance. The V600E mutation is observed in colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma. BRAF V600E is therefore an important immunohistochemical marker for tumour diagnosis and prognosis.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Vimentin is a component of intermediate filament in mesenchymal cells, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and melanocytes. Anti-Vimentin is useful for assessing whether tissue samples have been processed and preserved properly. A panel of Anti-Vimentin and Anti-Keratin is useful for differentiating melanomas from large cell lymphomas and undifferentiated carcinomas. This diagnostic grade Vimentin IVD antibody stains melanomas and schwannomas, as well as endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinomas.
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis ARP8 shows 30 and 29% amino acid identity to yeast actin and Arabidopsis ACT2 in the regions of alignment, respectively. Because it is not closely related to yeast or human ARP8 and shows similar weak homology to yeast ARP8 and ARP9, the Arabidopsis ARP8 is considered a plant-specific orphan ARP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Antibody is recognizing following epitope, amino acids 447-471: SNLSIFPGPWCITRKQFRRKSRLMWThis antibody is recognizing the full-length 52 kDa recombinant ARP8 protein expressed in Escherichia coli as well as endogenous ARP8 of identical molecular weight in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts from different tissues: all vegetative and reproductive organs examined including seedlings, roots and siliques, with higher concentrations of the protein detected in developing flower buds and flowers within the inflorescence.
Application Details:
assay dependent
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant
Molecular Weight:
52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kandasamy et al. (2008). ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN8 encodes an F-box protein localized to the nucleolus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 49(5):858-63. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcn053.
BOB-1 is a B-cell-specific coactivator whose expression majorly restricted to mature B-cells, and typically in germinal center B-cells. It is co-activator for Oct-1 and Oct-2 transcription factors. BOB-1 is used for B-lineage determination of CD20- plasmablastic or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). BOB-1 was also presented to be useful marker when combined together with CD79a and Cyclin E for discriminating classical Hodgkins lymphoma from primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC060
GMDN Code:
62794
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis ARP8 shows 30 and 29% amino acid identity to yeast actin and Arabidopsis ACT2 in the regions of alignment, respectively. Because it is not closely related to yeast or human ARP8 and shows similar weak homology to yeast ARP8 and ARP9, the Arabidopsis ARP8 is considered a plant-specific orphan ARP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativusSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Antibody is recognizing following epitope, amino acids 2-26: aa 2-ILKKVWG SVWNRSNSGKDLVNHQRA-26 This antibody is recognizing the full-length 52 kDa recombinant ARP8 protein expressed in Escherichia coli as well as endogenous ARP8 of identical molecular weight in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts from different tissues: all vegetative and reproductive organs examined including seedlings, roots and siliques, with higher concentrations of the protein detected in developing flower buds and flowers within the inflorescence.
Application Details:
assay dependent
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant
Molecular Weight:
52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kandasamy et al. (2008). ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN8 encodes an F-box protein localized to the nucleolus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 49(5):858-63. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcn053.
Hepatocyte Specific Antigen, also known as Hep-Par1, has proven to be strongly useful in the detection of both benign and malignant liver-derived tissues, and associated tumours such as hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathological diagnosis of HCC is often difficult as it shares histological and cytological features with adenoid cystic carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. Hep-Par1 is indicated as an effective marker to distinguish between these mimics, and therefore aids in the differential diagnosis of HCC.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH or Corticotropin) is a peptidic hormone synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland. The primary application of Anti-ACTH is in the identification of pituitary tumours and the study of pituitary disease. The Anti-ACTH antibody reacts with ACTH-producing cells (corticotrophs). It may also cause paraneoplastic syndromes by secreting ACTH from other tumours, such as some small cell carcinomas of the lung.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC503
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56764
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Skeletal Muscle
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
BG8 Lewis y, also known as Lewis<sup>y</sup> Blood Antigen or simply BG8, is a blood group antigen that has been identified in many studies as a potential marker for differentiation between pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PACA) and epithelioid mesothelioma (EM). It has been reported that sensitivity of non-mesothelial antigens for adenocarcinoma is organ-dependent. When attempting to differentiate epithelioid mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma, BG8 Lewis<sup>y</sup> performed at a sensitivity of 98% in the breast cancer group, and 100% in the lung cancer group.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC517
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
63793
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Lung Adenocarcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 (hENT1) mediates the cellular uptake of physiologic nucleosides, including adenosine, as well as many anti-cancer drugs including gemcitabine, cytarabine, and decitabine. Deficiency of hENT1 can lead to resistance of such drugs, and the abundance of hENT1 protein in the plasma membrane is a major indicator of the efficiency and clinical outcome of these anti-cancer nucleosides.
β-Catenin is a cytoplasmic protein with a dual role in cell-cell adhesion and gene expression. It is normally present in the submembranous regions of the cell, and nuclear accumulation of β-Catenin has been found to occur as a result of gene mutations. This accumulation is useful in identifying desmoid tumours (fibromatosis) in the abdomen and breast, and is therefore useful in differentiating other cell neoplasms in these regions.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC516
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56911
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Fibromatosis of Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The IgG4 [IHC114] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC114
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
<em>Helicobacter pylori</em> are spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacteria that inhabit the mucosal lining of the gastric epithelium. Infection with <em>H. pylori</em> is strongly associated with many gastroduodenal diseases, including intestinal-type carcinomas, peptic and gastric ulcers, and chronic gastritis. There is evidence linking these bacteria to gastric and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, and <em>H. pylori</em> has also been indicated as a risk factor for colorectal polyps in children.
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis thaliana ARP6 is a clear homolog of other eukaryotic ARP6s, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARP6, which was identified as a component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Arabidopsis ARP6 is localized to the nucleus during interphase but dispersed away from the chromosomes during cell division. ARP6 expression was observed in all vegetative tissues as well as in a subset of reproductive tissues. Null mutations in ARP6 caused numerous defects, including altered development of the leaf, inflorescence, and flower as well as reduced female fertility and early flowering in both long- and short-day photoperiods.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
ARP6 of Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q8LGE3, TAIR: At3g33520
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoflourescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Deal et al. (2005). The nuclear actin-related protein ARP6 is a pleiotropic developmental regulator required for the maintenance of FLOWERING LOCUS C expression and repression of flowering in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Oct;17(10):2633-46. doi:10.1105/tpc.105.035196.
CDK4 controls cell growth during the cell cycle G1 phase. It is reported that D-type cyclin upregulates Cdk4 activity, whereas binding to the Cdk inhibitor p16 downregulates Cdk4 activity. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes integrates various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals and serves as sensitive and specific for atypical lipomatous tumor / well differentiated liposarcoma or dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC077
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Phytochrome is a photomorphogenically active pigment that modulates plant growth and development with respect to incident light intensity and wavelength distribution. It exists in two forms: an inactive, red-absorbing form (Pr),4 and an active far-red-absorbing form (Pfr). When either absorbs light, it is photoconverted to the other. Phytochrome is a dimeric, water-soluble, relatively labile chromoprotein with similar, if not identical, monomers of about 124 kDa each. It is also a relatively low abundance protein, even under the best of conditions. Genetic manipulation of phytochrome expression in plants leads to plants requiring less light and able to divert more energy to the production of fruits and seeds. For its physicochemical characterization, it has therefore been difficult to utilize techniques that require large quantitites of highly purified protein. Consequently, indirect methods for elucidating its structure/function relationships are especially important. These could also be applicable to fabaceae and closely related families.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Avena sativa, Pisum sativum
Expected Species:
graminae, fabaceaeSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Phytochrome
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Competitive ELISA, Immunoflourescence (IF), Immunoprecipiation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Epitope for this antibody is located at 36 kDa from N-terminus and very near the site of chromophore attachment
Application Details:
assay dependent
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant
Molecular Weight:
124 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pratt et al. (1988). Mapping of antigenic domains on phytochrome from etiolated Avena sativa L. by immunoblot analysis of proteolytically derived peptides. Arch Biochem Biophys. 267(2):723-35. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(88)90081-1.Cordonnier et al. (1983). Production and purification of monoclonal antibodies to Pisum and Avena phytochrome. Planta. 158(4):369-76. doi: 10.1007/BF00397340.
Cluster of Differentiation 57 (CD57), also known as NK-1, is an antigen detectable in natural killer cells, some T-lymphocytes and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells, myeloid cells, and a variety of polypeptides, lipids, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. CD57 is indicated as a marker for tumours of neuroendocrine origin, including pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, medulloblastomas, and carcinoid tumour, as well as various neural tumours including neuromas, neurofibromas, schwannomas, and granular cell tumours. CD57 is also detectable in ganglioneuroma and prostate carcinoma. Anti-CD57 is used to distinguish nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma from T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease, and follicular lymphoma.
Xyloglucans are polysaccharides commonly referred to as hemicelluloses found in the primary cell walls of vascular plants. Species of trees known as sycamore include: Acer pseudoplatanus, Ficus sycomorus, Platanus orientalis,Platanus occidentalis,Platanus racemosa,Platanus wrightii.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store up to 1 month at 4 C, later at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Fucosylated xyloglucan, epitope XXFG
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated (covalently) xyloglucan of Acer pseudoplatanus
ATRX is involved in the remodeling of the nucelosome structure, and facilitate the transcription and replication. ATRX loss occurs in grades II/III astrocytomas and glioblastomas and comes together with IDH1 mutations. Detection of ATRX with IHC acts a sensitive method to identify the mutations.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC703
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
65252
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
B-Cell Lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a zinc finger transcription factor. BCL6 expression is seen in follicular lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma. Together with BCL2, BCL6 is often used to distinguish neoplastic follicles from those in benign hyperplasia, and to aid in the classification of mantle cell lymphomas and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2015). Insights into plant cell wall structure, architecture, and integrity using glycome profiling of native and AFEXTM-pre-treated biomass. J Exp Bot. Jul;66(14):4279-94.doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv107.
B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL2) is involved in regulation of cell apoptosis by controlling mitochondrial permeability and release of cytochrome c. It also has critical roles in normal cell physiology related to neuronal activity, autophagy, calcium handling, mitochondrial dynamics, and energetics. BCL2 overexpression has been shown to promote cell survival by suppressing apoptosis, and is found to be correlated with poor disease prognosis in breast, prostate, ovarian, endometrial, and colon cancers. In follicular lymphoma, Anti-BCL2 reacts negatively with germinal centers and positively with neoplastic follicles. In lymphoid lesions, BCL2 staining is useful for distinguishing reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferations, and for identifying minimal residual disease in the bone marrow of follicular lymphoma patients. BCL2 is now a useful target of human cancer therapy.
The BCA-225 [IHC225] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC225
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Mannan is one of the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the wall of higher plants. It comprises linear or branched polymers derived from sugars such as D-mannose, D-galactose, and D-glucose.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
gum and acetylated mannan from Lycopersicum esculentum
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pattathil et al. (2015). Insights into plant cell wall structure, architecture, and integrity using glycome profiling of native and AFEXTM-pre-treated biomass. J Exp Bot. Jul;66(14):4279-94.doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv107.
Cluster of Differentiation 99 (CD99) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein expressed by lymphocytes, cortical thymocytes, granulosa cells of the ovary, pancreatic islet cells, Sertoli cells, and endothelial cells. CD99 produces diffuse membrane staining patterns on nearly all Ewing's sarcoma and primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumours. CD99 may be found in synovial sarcoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, acute myeloid leukemia, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, small round blue cell tumours, solitary fibrous tumours, vascular tumours, and myeloid sarcoma. It produces heterogeneous staining patterns which must be accompanied by other antibody staining for a final diagnosis.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC126
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
57028
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Ewings Sarcoma, Pancreas
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is formed from the DNA methylation of the 5-carbon found on the cytosine ring. A 5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibody is a useful tool in identifying and discriminating between the unmodified cytosine base (C) and the methylated cytosine base (5-mC) as part of DNA methylation studies. DNA methylation plays an important role in the repression of transcription in the genome. When present in promoter regions, 5-mC is associated with stable transcriptional silencing which results in inactivation of gene function, thereby having an important role in tumorigenesis.
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in innate and adaptive immunity by controlling the biosynthesis of inflammation, prostaglandins, and leukotriene mediators. This target is overexpressed in 97% of all samples from patients with hairy cell leukemia, and is absent in other B-cell lymphomas. High ANXA1 expression is frequently associated with advanced stage esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, and is also linked to advanced and metastatic disease states.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store up to 1 month at 4 C, later at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Phormium cookianum, Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays
Immunogen:
High arabinose xylan from Phormium cookianum conjugated to Me-BSA
Xylans are polysaccharides and belong to a group of hemicelluloses found in cell walls of plants and in red and green algae. Their backbones are built by beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store up to 1 month at 4 C, later at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Xylan (low arab) from Phormium tenax, Phormium spp.
Xyloglucan is a hemiceullose or polysaccharide that is found in the primary cell wall of all vascular plants. Xyloglucan binds to the surface of cellulose microfibrils and may link them together.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Mucilage, a thick, viscous, gley substance of a polar glycoprotein and exopolysaccharide, is found on nearly all plants and some micoorganisms. It plays a role in the storage of water and food, thickening membranes and seed germination.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80°C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
BAP1 (BRCA1 associated protein-1 or ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BAP1 gene. BAP1 encodes an 80.4 kDa nuclear-localizing protein with a ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase (UCH) domain that gives BAP1 its deubiquitinase activity. In cancer, BAP1 can function both as a tumor suppressor and as a metastasis suppressor.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC039
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 61 (CD61), also known as Glycoprotein IIIa or GPIIIa, is an antigen expressed on megakaryocytes, platelets, myeloid cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. It is involved in platelet aggregation and acts as a receptor for fibrinogen, fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, and vitronectin. Anti-CD61 is used for identifying megakaryocytopoiesis, as seen in megakaryoblastic leukemias, myelodysplastic disorders, and acute myeloid leukemias. CD61 is also indicated as a marker for platelet adhesion in advanced atherosclerosis and has been reported in the identification of fat embolism in pulmonary tissue.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. This antibody, directed to branched galactan, is now a cell wall marker that can facilitate the study of vascular development across a range of different angiosperms.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Torode, O Neill, Marcus et al. (2018) Branched Pectic Galactan in Phloem-Sieve-Element Cell Walls: Implications for Cell Mechanics. Plant Physiol. 2018;176(2):1547-1558. doi:10.1104/pp.17.01568
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is a reproductive hormone produced and secreted by the gonadotropes in the anterior pituitary gland. LH functions to stimulate ovulation in females and the production of testosterone from the Leydig cells in males. This hormone is useful for the study of pituitary disease, and acts as a clinical marker that is useful for classifying tumours of the pituitary.
The Lp-PLA2 [IHC407] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of cardiovascular diseases within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC407
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Thymus, Placenta
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Cytokeratin-AE3 is the basic (Type II) subfamilies of cytokeratins. It stains broadly with most epithelia and their neoplasms. AE3 detection is used to observe the distribution of keratin-containing cells in normal epithelia and to identify neoplasms derived from such epithelium
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC203
GMDN Code:
57079
UKCA Status:
RUO
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Colon Cancer, Esophagus
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
LMO2, also known as LIM-Only Transcription Factor 2, RBTN2, or TTG2, is an oncoprotein that is expressed in normal germinal center B-cells, as well as bone marrow hematopoietic precursors and endothelial cells. LMO2 plays a role in angiogenesis and hematopoesis, and its expression has been detected in erythroid and myeloid precursors, megakaryocytes, and also in lymphoblastic and acute myeloid leukemias. LMO2 protein expression has been noted in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the most common adult non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as follicular lymphoma, a neoplasm derived from germinal center B-cells that accounts for a number of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC615
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
63898
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Follicular Lymphoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Immunoglobulin classes share the same basic four polypeptide chain structure of two heavy chains (five types) and two light chains - kappa and lambda. The determination of light chain ratio is critical in evaluating B-cell neoplasms, as the majority of B-cell lymphomas express either kappa or lambda light chains, while a mixture of kappa and lambda is characteristic of reactive proliferations. Antibodies against lambda light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
LAG3 (Lymphocyte-activation gene 3) was discovered in 1990 and was previously designated as CD223. LAG3 is a cell surface molecule expressed by activated T cells, natural killer cells, B cells and plasmacytoiddendritic cells. It binds to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and serves as an immune checkpoint receptor. LAG3 negatively regulates cellular proliferation, activation and homeostasisof T cells, and plays a role in Treg suppressive function. LAG3 also helps maintain CD8+ T cells in atolerogenic state and, working with PD-1, helps maintain CD8 exhaustion during chronic viral infection. LAG3 expression was detected in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. IHC revealed LAG3 expression was distributed on lymphocytes scattered in renal cell carcinoma, melanoma and lymphomas. They were also detected in the tumor stroma as well as in the peritumoral tissue. LAG3 is the target of various drug development programs for cancer and autoimmune disorders. In soluble form, it is also being developed as a cancer drug in its own right.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC127
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The Cytokeratin 10 [IHC135] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC135
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Ki-67 is a nuclear, non-histone protein that is expressed only during active phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M), but not in the resting phases (G0 and G1 early phase). Although the antigen has also been associated with ribosomal RNA transcription, it is strongly linked to cell proliferation and has thus been indicated as an effective marker in grading the proliferation rate of tumours, including those of the brain, breast, cervix, and prostate.
Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) is found in squamous epithelial basal cells, myoepithelium, some glandular epithelia, and mesothelial cells. Anti-Cytokeratin 14 is useful for distinguishing squamous cell carcinomas from other epithelial tumours, and for classifying metaplastic breast carcinomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC555
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3, kappa
GMDN Code:
57079
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Ki-67 is a nuclear, non-histone protein that is expressed only during active phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M), but not in the resting phases (G0 and G1 early phase). Although the antigen has also been associated with ribosomal RNA transcription, it is strongly linked to cell proliferation and has thus been indicated as an effective marker in grading the proliferation rate of tumours, including those of the brain, breast, cervix, and prostate.
Cluster of Differentiation 34 (CD34) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, vascular endothelium, embryonic fibroblasts, and rare glial cells in nervous tissue. CD34 is the most used marker for characterizing blasts in leukemia. CD34 is also present in some soft tissue tumours including solitary fibrous tumours and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Proliferating endothelial cells seem to upregulate CD34 expression. Although specificity is low, Anti-CD34 reacts positively with more than 85% of angiosarcoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma.
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a methylase of histone H3 that silences gene expression in those regions. EZH2 is overexpressed or mutated in gastric, prostate, uterine, breast, and renal cell cancers, as well as in melanoma and most B- and T-cell lymphomas. Although EZH2 is usually present in follicular centers, it is not expressed in the mantle zones, plasma cells, follicular or interfollicular T-lymphocytes, natural killer T-lymphocytes, plasmacytoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, or MALT lymphoma. EZH2 is rarely present in normal breast duct epithelium and in normal and hyperplastic lymph node. Anti-EZH2 is also useful for detecting lymphoma and non-small cell lung cancers. EZH2 is associated with tumour proliferation and can be used in staining panels to distinguish aggressive lymphomas from less aggressive lymphomas or normal cells.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
Thyroid transcription factor, also called thyroid specific enhancer binding nuclear protein (38 kDa), that regulates transcription activity of thyroid (thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, sodium-iodide transport protein, calcitonin and MHC class I) and lung (surfactant proteins A, B and C, Clara cell secretory protein). The expression of TTF1 is confined to follicular epithelial cells and the C-cells in the thyroid, and to the type II pneumocytes and the Clara cells in the lung. In tumor diagnostics TTF1 distinguish primary (TTF+) vs. metastatic (usually TTF1-) lung carcinoma (LCa), pulmonary adenoca (TTF1+) from squamous cell Ca (usually TTF1 -), pleural lung Ca (TTF1+) vs.mesothelioma (TTF1 - ) and pulmonary small cell Ca (TTF1+) vs. Mercel cell Ca (TTF - ). Mucinous lung adeno ca is usually TTF1 negative.
SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box 11 (SOX11), also known as Transcription Factor SOX11, is a nuclear transcription factor that acts in regulation of embryonic development, cell differentiation, and the development of the human central nervous system. SOX11 is expressed in medulloblastoma and glioma, and has been indicated as a marker for both Cyclin D1-positive and -negative mantle cell lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphoma, and lymphoblastic lymphoma.
Synaptophysin (p38) is an integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles in brain and endocrine cells.Synaptophysin contains four transmembrane domains that form a hexameric channel or gap junction-like pore. Synaptophysin binds to the SNARE protein synaptobrevin/VAMP, which prevents the inclusion of synaptobrevin in the synaptic vesicle fusion complex and creates a pool of synaptobrevin for exocytosis when synapse activity increases. Synaptophysin is also responsible for targeting synaptobrevin 2/VAMP2 to synaptic vesicles, a critical component of the fusion complex.
Estrogen Receptors (ER) are a group of nuclear hormone receptors activated by the hormone estrogen. ER is found in normal epithelial cells of the breast and endometrium, as well as in breast cancer cells.
SOX2 is a transcription factor which is a member of SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family. It has a role in the regulation of embryonic development and pluripotency of stem cells. It can be useful especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma diagnostic with panel of other relative markers of squamous carcinoma like P63/P40 and CK5/CK14 for example.
This gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional activator after forming a protein complex with other proteins. This protein acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein and is important for neural crest and peripheral nervous system development. SOX10 is important and sensitive marker of melanoma especially for spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas and schwannian neoplasms.
The preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells.
Erythroblastosis Virus E26 Transforming Sequence Related Gene (ERG) facilitates endothelial homeostasis. ERG is found in malignant and benign vascular endothelial tumours, including hemangiomas and Kaposi's sarcoma. ERG is present in various prostate carcinomas, but is absent in breast, colon, and urothelium carcinomas. Anti-ERG is useful for differentiating prostate carcinoma from non-prostatic epithelial tumours, and for recognizing vascular endothelial neoplasms.
Phosphohistone H3 (Ser10) (PHH3) is a histone protein, which complexes with the other histones to form the major constituents of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. Phosphorylation of serine 10 amino acid residues in histone H3 occurs only during mitosis late G2 phase. PHH3 is a useful marker for mitoses in several types of tumors and it is useful for identifying mitotic figures in tumors accurately.
SOX-2, also known as SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box 2, is a transcription factor that acts to regulate pluripotency of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells, and to regulate gene expression in the stomach. This diagnostic grade SOX-2 IVD antibody is used to detect melanoma, testicular germ cell tumour, cervical carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer with basal cell phenotype, and teratoma of the central nervous system. SOX-2 has been reported as a predictor of poor outcome in stage I lung adenocarcinomas. Anti-SOX-2 is also used to recognize squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and gastrointestinal tract, and may be useful for detecting embryonal carcinoma.
Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1, CD274) is a type 1 transmembrane protein with role in the regulation of cellular immune responses. PDL1 and its receptor PD-1, interacts and regulating T lymphocyte activation and immune tolerance. Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 interaction, it enhances the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes. PDL1 is commonly expressed in many tissues and cells, eg. placenta, tonsil and histiocytes. It over expressed in many human tumors such as non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), melanoma, DLBCL, and different kind of carcinomas. The staining pattern is membranous.
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
SPNS2 is a sphingolipid transporter expressed in the extraembryonic yolk syncytial layer (YSL). SPNS2 is required of migration of myocardial precursors, since it contributes in sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) secretion, which is a mediator that plays critical roles in cardiovascular, immunological, and neural development and function.
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
The p63 gene is a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Like p53, p63 contains a transactivation (TA) domain induce the transcription of target genes, a DNA binding domain, and an oligomerization domain (OD), used to form tetramers. In contrast to p53, the p63 gene encodes for at least six major isotypes. Three isotypes (TAp63?, TAp63?, and TAp63?) contain the transactivating (TA) domain and are able to transactivate p53 report genes and induce apoptosis. In contrast, the other three isotypes (?Np63?, ?Np63?, ?Np63?) are transcribed from an internal promoter localized within intron3, lack the TA domain, and act as dominant-negatives to suppress transactivation by both p53 and TAp63 isotypes. p63 is highly expressed in the basal cells of the epithelium significant for proper limb outgrowth and morphogenesis.4 In differentiating tissues, p63 is crucial for maintaining the stem cell identity of the basal cells, and is indispensable for correct development of the skin as well as the limb. p63-deficient mice lack all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including hair, whiskers, teeth, as well as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, notably in heart, kidney, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus, although the precise isoform varies according to tissue type. Progenitor cell layers of skin, breast, eye and prostate express high levels of DeltaN-type isoforms. Isoform 10 is predominantly expressed in skin squamous cell carcinomas, but not in normal skin tissues
Napsin A is an aspartic proteinase that is expressed predominantly in lung (type II pneumocytes) and kidney and lower levels in spleen and blood leukocytes. Alveolar macrophages also contain Napsin A due phagosytosis of pneumocytes. Napsin A in useful especially in the differential diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma between squamous cell carcinoma.
Excision Repair Cross Complementing 1 (ERCC1) is a DNA repair enzyme involved in the repair of UV-induced DNA damage. ERCC1 overexpression is associated with tumour progression in many malignancies, such as ovarian cancer, head squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and esophageal cancer.
MUM1 is a nuclear transcriptional factor (IRF4 or Multiple Myeloma 1 ) and is expressed in final step of intragerminal center B cell differentiation and in post-germinal center B cells. MUM1 is usually mutually exclusive with BCL6 in nonneoplastic tissue. Nuclear expression is present also in a subpopulation of activated T- lymphocytes and expressed in normal and neoplastic melanocytes. In neoplasms MUM1 is found mainly in B-cell lymphoma and melanocytic lesions. In combination with CD138 and Ig´s makes MUM1 more specific marker for differentiating B-cells before plasma cell stage. MUM1 helps to divide diffuse large B cell lymphomas into germinal center (MUM1-) /non-germinal center (MUM1+) phenotypes and helps also to differentiate double hit from Burkitt and DLCL.
Mismatch repair proteins are nuclear enzymes which participate in repair of mismatch errors during DNA replication. Loss of Mismatch repair proteins increases the number of DNA replication errors in the proliferating cells. Errors occur especially in areas of the genome with short repetitive nucleotide sequences - causing microsatellite instability (MSI). MSH6 is a mismatch repair protein which is not expressed in a high proportion of patients with MSI-H. MSH6 antibody can be useful for immunohistochemical analyses of MSH6 protein in neoplastic tissues and identification of loss of MSH6. Immunohistochemical analysis of MSH6 should be performed in IHC panel together with MLH1, MSH2 and PMS2.
MSH2 (MutS Homologue 2) is one of the five key genes (besides MLH1, PMS1, PMS2, MSH6) of the Mis-Match Repair family (MMR). These genes encode MMR proteins, a group of nuclear enzymes that initiates repair of base-base mismatch, that can occur in DNA replication. MMR nuclear proteins form heterodimers, that bind abnormal DNA and initiates its removal. Loss of MMR proteins lead to accumulation of DNA replication errors in the proliferating cells. The above mentioned MMR genes have clinical interest, as they may mutate in families with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). About 3-5% of all colorectal carcinomas are related to MMR protein mutation. Carriers of an MLH1 or MSH2 mutation have a more than 70% lifetime risk of developing a colorectal carcinoma, with increased risk of developing endometrial carcinomas (50%). Staining for MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 in colorectal carcinomas should be carried out in patients < 55 years-of-age or with a family history of these tumors.
Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell adhesion in epithelia. It is normally present on most baso-lateral surfaces of normal epithelial cells and is absent in myoepithelial cells, hepatocytes, adult squamous epithelia, mesothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Anti-EpCAM stains most adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumours, including small cell carcinomas. A minority of renal clear cell carcinoma, renal oncocytoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma stain positively for EpCAM, while Anti-EpCAM stains nearly all basal cell carcinoma. Anti-EpCAM stains chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma more frequently. Anti-EpCAM can be useful for distinguishing malignancy in the peritoneal and pleural cavities.
DNA-mismatch repair (MMR), a conserved process that involves correcting errors made during DNA synthesis, is crucial to the maintenance of genomic integrity. Lack of a functional DNA-mismatch repair pathway is a common characteristic of several different types of human cancers, either due to an MMR gene mutation or promoter-methylation gene silencing. MLH1 is a human homolog of the E. coli DNA mismatch repair gene mutL, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). MLH1 is an integral part of the protein complex responsible for mismatch repair expressed in lymphocytes, heart, colon, breast, lung, spleen, testis, prostate, thyroid and gall bladder, and is methylated in several ovarian tumors. Loss of MLH1 protein expression is associated with a mutated phenotype, microsatellite instability and a predisposition to cancer. In hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), an autosomal dominant inherited cancer syndrome that signifies a high risk of colorectal and various other types of cancer, the MLH1 gene exhibits a pathogenic mutation. Inactivation of the MLH1 gene causes genome instability and predisposition to cancer. MLH1 also plays a role in meiotic recombination.
Melan-A (MART-1) is a transmembrane protein which is recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Melan a is expressed in skin melanocytes and melanocyte lineages. This antibody is useful for the identification of melanomas and it should be included into standard melanoma panel for diagnostic. This antibody not cross react with cells of adrenal cortex.
STAT6 is a member of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family. Recurrent fusions of STAT6 with NAB2 on chromosome 12q13 have been found in the majority of solitary fibrous tumors (SFT). STAT6 antibody is a reliable immunohistochemical marker for SFT and can be helpful to distinguish this tumor type from histologic mimics.
The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are involved in the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre_RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. This protein forms a complex with MCM4, 6, and 7, and has been shown to regulate the helicase activity of the complex. This protein is phosphorylated, and thus regulated by, protein kinases CDC2 and CDC7.
The protein encoded by the classic MBP gene is a major constituent of the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in the nervous system. However, MBP-related transcripts are also present in the bone marrow and the immune system. These mRNAs arise from the long MBP gene (otherwise called "Golli-MBP") that contains 3 additional exons located upstream of the classic MBP exons. Alternative splicing from the Golli and the MBP transcription start sites gives rise to 2 sets of MBP-related transcripts and gene products. The Golli mRNAs contain 3 exons unique to Golli-MBP, spliced in-frame to 1 or more MBP exons. They encode hybrid proteins that have N-terminal Golli aa sequence linked to MBP aa sequence. The second family of transcripts contain only MBP exons and produce the well characterized myelin basic proteins. This complex gene structure is conserved among species suggesting that the MBP transcription unit is an integral part of the Golli transcription unit and that this arrangement is important for the function and/or regulation of these genes.
Mammaglobin is a gene that is expressed almost exclusively in the normal breast epithelium and human breast cancer. It is a member of the secretoglobin gene family and forms a heterodimer with lipophilin B. It has been suggested that mammaglobin may be a useful marker for breast cancer clinical research. Studies investigating the detection of mRNA by RT PCR from circulating carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients have shown that mammaglobin is a highly specific marker and correlates with several prognostic factors. Mammaglobin is mammary gland specific and it over expressed in breast cancer.
Stathmin regulates microtubule dynamics in the cell cycle. It is present in all tissues, but is mostly pronounced in constantly proliferating cell types. Anti-Stathmin staining has been found to correlate with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade, with CIN 3 presenting the greatest expression and CIN 1 displaying the least expression of stathmin.
LI-Cadherin (Cadherin-17, CDH17), is liver-intestinal cadherin and it belongs to the cadherin superfamily. Structure and cellular locations of LI-Cadherin differs from other cadherins like E-CAD, N-CAD or P-CAD. LI-Cadherin is expressed in epithelium of appendix, colon, and intestine and it is not expressed in other normal tissues. LI-Cadherin is positive in carcinomas of colorectal carcinomas and some cases of gastric and pancreas adenocarcinoma.
Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) is a mucin glycoprotein expressed on apical epithelial cells. Anti-EMA positively stains normal and neoplastic cells including sweat glands, mammary epithelia, and squamous epithelia. Adrenal carcinoma, seminomas, paraganglioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and embryonal carcinomas exhibit a negative stain. As Anti-EMA commonly reacts positively with meningioma, it is useful for differentiating this tumour from other intracranial neoplasms such as schwannomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC085
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast, Skin
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Cell adhesion molecule with an important role in the development of the nervous system. The L1, neural cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) plays an important role in axon growth, fasciculation, neural migration and in mediating neuronal differentiation. L1 protein is expressed to tissues arising from neuroectoderm. L1CAM plays also an important role in the malignancy of human tumors and according to several studies, L1CAM positive carcinomas have a bad prognosis. L1CAM is overexpressed in many human carcinomas but it is useful especially in endometrium carcinoma diagnostic.
Ki67, also known as MKI67, is aprototypic cell cycle related nuclear protein, expressed by proliferating cells in all phases of the active cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M phase). It is absent in resting (G0) cells. Ki67 antibodies are useful in establishing the cell growing fraction in neoplasms (immunohistochemically quantified by determining the number of Ki67 positive cells among the total number of resting cells = Ki67 index). In neoplastic tissues the prognostic value is comparable to the tritiated thymidine labelling index. The correlation between low Ki67 index and histologically low grade tumours is strong. Ki67 is routinely used as a neuronal marker of cell cycling and proliferation
Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that regulates glucose level in blood and it is involved in the synthesis of proteins and fat. Insulin increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids, and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. Insulin is a heterodimer of a B chain and A chain linked by two disulfide bonds. Defects in insulin are the cause of familial hyperproinsulinemia. Insulin is present on the insulin secreted beta cells in islets of Langerhans.
Survivin is an apoptosis inhibitor that is nearly undetectable in terminally differentiated cells, but found in most tumours including renal cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Survivin expression is linked to tumour progression, but not patient survival.
AIB-1 also known as allograft inflammation factor-1 is cytoplasmic actin and calcium binding protein that is expressed especially in activated macrophages and microglia, but also plays part in vascular smooth muscle cell activation and migration. In clinical use IBA-1 can be valuable marker of allograft rejection, macrophages and microglia.
ERBB2: v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian). This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene has been reported in numerous cancers, including breast and ovarian tumors. Alternative splicing results in several additional transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms and others that have not been fully characterized
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase present in gliocytes, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and other cell types. EGFR is overexpressed in various cancers including those of the colon, pancreas, oropharynx, stomach, and non–small cell lung, as well as head and neck squamous carcinoma and anal squamous carcinoma. EGFR expression is common in breast cancer, especially in triple-negative and basal-like breast carcinomas, and recent research has also found EGFR expressed in malignant bone and soft tissue cancers. Anti-EGFR is useful for detecting epithelioid and synovial sarcoma.
ERBB2: v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian). This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene has been reported in numerous cancers, including breast and ovarian tumors. Alternative splicing results in several additional transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms and others that have not been fully characterized
Granzyme B (GZMB), is the cell death-inducing serine protease, which expressed in the cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. Granzyme B is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis and it has essential role in immunosurveillance. Granzyme B enters in the target cells with perforin, and results in the activation of apoptosis through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways. Granzyme B is the useful marker especially in NK/T-cell lymphomas.
Synaptophysin is a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein used in synaptic transmission of neurons. Anti-Synaptophysin stains the gastrointestinal mucosa and lung neuroendocrine cells of the human adrenal medulla, carotid body, pancreas, pituitary, skin, and thyroid. Synaptophysin also stains neuroendocrine neoplasms. Use of Anti-Synaptophysin produces diffuse, finely granular, cytoplasmic staining. The presence of synaptophysin does not correlate with neuron-specific enolase or other neuroendocrine markers.
Glutamine synthetase is enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in the liver tissue. In normal liver glutamine sythetase expressed in pericentral hepatocytes. Glutamine synthetase can be useful marker in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnostic with panel of other hepatocellular carcinoma markers.
Wilms' Tumour Protein (WT1) is a transcription factor involved in the development of the urogenital system. Anti-WT1 is utilized in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary malignancies (nuclei staining) and small round cell tumours. Ewing's sarcomas, primitive neuroectodermal tumours, neuroblastomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, and rhabdoid tumours do not stain with Anti-WT1, but cytoplasmic staining may be observed. Although lung adenocarcinomas do not exhibit nuclear staining with Anti-WT1, the antibody may stain the cytoplasm. Anti-WT1 also stains serous ovarian carcinomas, but does not stain mucinous carcinomas of the ovary and pancreatobiliary carcinomas.
E-cadherin is an intercellular adhesion molecule present in epithelial cells. Anti-E-cadherin stains glandular epithelium, as well as lung, gastrointestinal, and ovarian adenocarcinomas. A panel of antibodies against E-cadherin and p120 is also used to differentiate ductal (membranous staining) and lobular breast cancer (cytoplasmic staining). Anti-E-cadherin also stains some thyroid cancers.
The protein encoded by this gene is actually a preproprotein that is cleaved into four distinct mature peptides. One of these, glucagon, is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. Finally, the fourth peptide is similar to glicentin, an active enteroglucagon.Tissue specificity: Glucagon is secreted in the A cells of the islets of Langerhans. GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin and glicentin are secreted from enteroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract. GLP1 and GLP2 are also secreted in selected neurons in the brain.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is the intermediate filament protein which is highly specific to astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). GFAP is also expressed some cells in peripheral nervous system eg. in Schwann cells and satellite cells. GFAP is useful especially for differential diagnosis of astrocytoma from non-glial neoplasm. Schwannoma and neurofibroma frequently express GFAP.
Tumour-Associated Glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) is a glycoprotein found on the surface of many cancer pathologies. Anti-TAG-72 can be useful for detecting some adenocarcinomas and non-neoplastic tissues. This diagnostic grade TAG-72 IVD antibody is useful for identifying adenocarcinomas in positive staining, but in mesotheliomas no staining is observed.
This gene encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen and is a member of a family that includes at least two type I membrane proteins. This antigen is expressed on most normal epithelial cells and gastrointestinal carcinomas and functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule. The antigen is being used as a target for immunotherapy treatment of human carcinomas. Mutations in this gene result in congenital tufting enteropathy.Tissue specificity: This protein is expressed in almost all epithelial cell membranes but not on mesodermal or neural cell membranes. Found on the surface of adenocarcinomas. EPCAM:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is a 40 kDa cell surface antigen. This antigen has been identified independently by a number of groups, and has been known by a variety of names. Several monoclonal antibodies have been raised against EpCAM, many of which have been described as tumour specific molecules on carcinomas. EpCAM is a Type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein. It is expressed on the basolateral membrane of cells by the majority of epithelial tissues, with the exception of adult squamous epithelium and some specific epithelial cell types including hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells. EpCAM expression has been reported to be a possible marker of early malignancy, with expression being increased in tumour cells, and de novo expression being seen in dysplastic squamous epithelium. This cell surface, glycosylated 40kD protein is highly expressed in the bone marrow, colon, lung, and most normal epithelial cells and is expressed on carcinomas of gastrointestinal origin.
This gene encodes a homodimeric transmembrane protein which is a major glycoprotein of the vascular endothelium. This protein is a component of the transforming growth factor beta receptor complex and it binds TGFB1 and TGFB3 with high affinity. Mutations in this gene cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, also known as Osler-Rendu-Weber syndrome 1, an autosomal dominant multisystemic vascular dysplasia.
E-Cadherin is a 120 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is localized in the adherens junctions of epithelial cells. There, it interacts with the cytoskeleton through the associated cytoplasmic catenin proteins. In addition to being a calcium-dependent adhesion molecule, E-Cadherin is also a critical regulator of epithelial junction formation. Its association with catenins is necessary for cell-cell adhesion. These E-cadherin/catenin complexes associate with corical actin bundles at both the zonula adherens and the lateral adhesion plaques. Tyrosine phosphorylation can disrupt these complexes, leading to changes in cell adhesion properties. E-Cadherin expression is often down-regulated in highly invasive, poorly differentiated carcinomas. Increased expression of E-Cadherin in these cells reduces invasiveness. Thus, loss of expression or function of E-Cadherin appears to be an important step in tumorigenic progression.Tissue specificity: Non-neural epithelial tissues.
DOG1, also known as Discovered on GIST-1, is a marker that is highly specific for gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). Anti-DOG1 is extremely sensitive for the detection of GIST and its diagnosis. Although some GIST stain weakly for c-kit, DOG1 is expressed in the vast majority of GIST cases. Reports have also indicated DOG1 as a marker for salivary acinar and intercalated duct differentiation.
Desmin (DES), with 470-amino acid protein (about 52kDa), belongs to the intermediate filament family and Desmin is class III intermediate filaments found in muscle cells. Homopolymers of Desmin form a stable intracytoplasmic filamentous network connecting myofibrils to each other and to the plasma membrane.Mutations in Desmin are associated with desmin-related myopathy, a familial cardiac and skeletal myopathy (CSM), and with distal myopathies.Desmin is also expressed in smooth muscle cells of both airways and alveolar ducts and Desmin is a load-bearing protein that stiffens the airways and consequently the lung and modulates airway contractile response.
Biochemically, most members of the CK family fall into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. Cytokeratins comprise a diverse group of intermediate filament proteins (IFPs) that are expressed as pairs in both keratinized and non-keratinized epithelial tissue. Cytokeratins play a critical role in differentiation and tissue specialization and function to maintain the overall structural integrity of epithelial cells. Cytokeratins have been found to be useful markers of tissue differentiation which is directly applicable to the characterization of malignant tumors.
Cytokeratin 8, also known as CK8, is a member of the low molecular weight type II keratin family. Type I and type II keratins heteropolymerize to form intermediate-sized filaments in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. CK8 typically dimerizes with CK18 to form an intermediate filament in simple single-layered epithelial cells. It is useful for especially diagnostic of most non-squamous epithelial tumors. squamous tumors are negative for this antibody as a rule.
Desmoglein-3 Antibody (DSG3) is a component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. It identifies pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas from other types of lung cancer with a highly specificity and sensitivity. Studies show the upregulation of DSG3 correlated with metastasis in a number of cancers including lung cancers. The expression of DSG3 indicates a poor prognosis and portends a more aggressive clinical outcome.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC083
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Skin Cancer
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT7 gene. CK7 is a member of the keratin family and it is specifically expressed in the simple epithelia lining the cavities of the internal organs and in the gland ducts. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains co-expressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. IHC staining of cytokeratin 7 is useful for carcinoma diagnostic especially for differential diagnosis of urothelial, lung, breast carcinomas to colorectal or prostate carcinomas. CK7 is especially marker of lung adenocarcinoma. Pancreas is the good tissue control for CK7.
CK5 (keratin 5) is a member of the keratin gene family. Biochemically, most members of the CK family fall into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13. At least one member of the acidic family and one member of the basic family is expressed in all epithelial cells. Cytokeratin 5 is expressed in normal basal cells. Mutations of the Cytokeratin5 gene (KRT5) have been shown to result in the autosomal dominant disorderepidermolysis bullosa (EB). Defects in KRT5 are a cause of epidermolysis bullosa simplex.
Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) is expressed in enterocytes and goblet cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is also expressed in specific types of simple epithelial cells of the urinary tract. CK20 is useful marker of colorectal carcinoma, gastric, pancreas, urothelium, merkel and biliary system carcinomas.
Desmin is a type III intermediate filament present in normal smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. Analysis by light microscopy suggests desmin localizes towards the periphery of Z-lines in striated muscle fibrils. Desmin connects cytoplasmic dense bodies to membranous dense plaques in smooth muscles. Anti-Desmin stains rhabdomyomas, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, leiomyomas, and perivascular cells from skin glomus tumours, and is used to identify the myogenic characteristics of tumours. Desmin can also be found in myofibroblasts and desmoid fibromatosis.
Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) is expressed in enterocytes and goblet cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is also expressed in specific types of simple epithelial cells of the urinary tract. CK20 is useful marker of colorectal carcinoma, gastric, pancreas, urothelium, merkel and biliary system carcinomas.
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase present in normal and malignant pre-B- and pre-T-cells during early differentiation. Anti-TdT stains nearly all acute lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (ALL) cases, but does not stain pre-B-cell ALL or mature B- and T-cells. Anti-TdT staining is also useful for identifying Type AB thymoma and some chronic myeloid leukemia.
Cytokeratin 19, also known as KRT19, CK19, CK19, K1CS, MGC15366. Entrez Protein NP_002267. It is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically expressed in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelopes the developing epidermis.
Cytokeratin 18, also known as CK18, CYK18, KRT18. Entrez Protein NP_000215. It encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
CK17, also known as KRT17, it is the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 17. It is found in nail beds, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and other epidermal appendages. Mutations in this gene lead to Jackson-Lawler type pachyonychia congenita and steatocystoma multiplex. May play a role in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation. Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state. Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway. Involved in tissue repair.
Transcription Factor E3 (TFE3) is a transcription factor that binds to the MUE3-type E-box sequences involved in TGF-β signaling. Anti-TFE3 staining is the most sensitive and specific indicator of Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinomas. Since alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is characterized by a specific chromosomal rearrangement resulting in a chimeric transcription factor (ASPSCR1-TFE3), this TFE3 IVD antibody is also a useful diagnostic tool for recognizing ASPS.
Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) is an acidic type I human intermediate filament protein. It mostly found in basal cells of squamous epithelia, myoepithelium, some glandular epithelia and mesothelial cells. Molecular weight of CK14 is 50 kDa, and it usually pairs with CK5, which is a type II (basic) cytokeratin. In neoplastic cells, CK14 is a useful marker especially in identification of basal cell epithelium in prostate and myoepithelium in breast. It also useful for detecting squamous cell carcinomas. CK5 and CK14 antibodies can be used as a cocktail as well.
The D-Dimer [IHC085] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC085
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Glioma
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Cyclin D1, is cell cycle regulator and it is over expressed in a wide variety of human neoplasms. Cyclin D1 forms a complex with regulatory subunit of CDK4 or CDK6 kinases and it is required for cell cycle G1/S transition. The expression is maximal in G1 and minimal in S phase of cell cycle. Cyclin D1 expression is located mainly to the proliferative zone of normal epithelial tissues. Localization of the cyclin D1 is mainly nuclear. Cyclin D is useful for lymphoma diagnostic, especially diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma.
CD8 T cell surface antigen belongs to the type I membrane protein and it is heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain linked by two disulfide bonds. CD8 positive T-lymphocytes are cytotoxic cells and it thought to play a role in the process of T-cell mediated killing. CD8 antibody is useful for classification of lymphocytes and malignant lymphomas.
The CD79 protein is a heterodimer with two CD79a and CD79b phosphoproteins. CD79a is specific for B-cells. The antigen appearing before the pre-B cell stage and it is still expressed at the plasma cell stage. Together with CD20, CD79a is one the most important marker for B-cell neoplasms.
T-Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin-Domain-Containing Molecule-3 (TIM3) is present on T-helper type 1 lymphocytes and other immune cells, including dendritic cells and natural killer cells. TIM3 is overexpressed in CD4+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, including those with non-small cell lung cancer associated with poor prognoses. TIM3 has recently emerged as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
CD7 transmembrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is found on thymocytes, mature T cells and NK-cells. It plays an essential role in T-cell interactions and also in T-cell/B-cell interaction during early lymphoid development.
CD50 (ICAM-3) that is expressed in virtually all leukocytes, belongs to the family of the intercellular adhesion molecules. It is also shown to be important part in immune response initiation. CD50 is a useful marker for non-hodgkins lymphoma and it is expressed in almost all the tumors with tendency to be lost in high grade lymphomas.
The TFE3 [IHC108] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
The CD5 antigen is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is expressed on the most mature human T-cells and expression level of CD5 will be increased during T-cell maturation. CD5 is also expressed in a small subset of normal human B-cells as well. CD5 is expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and leukemias and negative expression of the CD5 in T-cell lymphoma indicates a worse prognosis. In B-cell lymphomas eg. small lymphocytic lymphoma, small-cell lymphoma (CD20+), and mantle cell lymphoma are typically CD5 positive and marginal zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, are CD5 negative.
CD45 is transmembrane protein that is present on all differentiated hematopoietic cells (including basophils, granulocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages / histiocytes, mast cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, medullary thymocytes, plasma cells). Erythrocytes and their immediate progenitors do not express CD45 antigen. This antigen is used in routine immunohistochemistry to differentiate between immune cell types, as well as to differentiate hematological malignancies from other tumors. CD 45 is a good marker for AML, ALCL and most B- and T-cell lymphomas. Epithelial tumors, follicular dendritic cell sarcomas, germ cell tumors, melanoma, mesothelioma do not express CD45.
Cytokeratin 8 & 18 are present in various epithelia including that of the breast, thyroid, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. Anti-Cytokeratin 8 & 18 stains adenocarcinomas and most non-keratinizing squamous carcinomas, but does not stain keratinizing squamous carcinomas. Since Cytokeratin 18 is scarce in normal epidermis, Anti-Cytokeratin 8 & 18 is used to detect Paget cells in such samples. Cytokeratin 8 & 18 helps identify colorectal carcinoma metastases as it is more sensitive than genetic tests.
The CD44 antigen, also referred as homing cell adhesion molecule (HCAM), is a multi-structural and multifunctional cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cellcell interactions, cell adhesion, and migration. Most tissues are CD44 positive, including astrocyte restricted precursor cells, breast myoepithelial cells, colon, lung type II pneumocytes, red blood cells, stomach, urothelial basal cells, uterus and white blood cells. Negative staining results is seen in testis, kidney tubular epithelium, cardiac muscle, hepatocytes. In disease, positive staining is seen in colorectal carcinoma (most), Langerhans histiocytosis, oligodendroglioma, thymoma, small cell prostate carcinoma.
CD43 (leukosialin, sialophorin) is a transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein which expressed in plasma membrane especially in T-lymphocytes, some B-cells and cells from myelomonolineage. It is useful for lymphoma diagnostic and it expressed in most T-cell lymphomas and some B-cell lymphomas.
Transforming Growth Factor ?1 (TGF?1) is a cytokine present in regulatory T-cells, immature dendritic cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets, with a functional involvement in regulating T-cells. TGF?1 is overexpressed in thyroid cancer and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Poor prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma is associated with TGF?1.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC673
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Placenta
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The CD4 is membrane glycoprotein (58kDa) and it is highly expressed on human T-helper lymphocytes and thymocytes, as well as at lower levels on cells from monocyte lineage. CD4 is useful marker for recognition of different subtypes of lymphocytes and in diagnostic for T-lymphoblastic lymphomas and histiocytic neoplasia.
The protein encoded by this gene is T-cell receptor zeta, which together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.
Villin is a tissue-specific actin-binding glycoprotein that is associated with the maintenance of the microvilli brush border found in the gastrointestinal mucosal epithelium. Villin is expressed in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, renal cell carcinomas, pacreatic carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, as well as carcinomas of the ovary and lungs. Anti-Villin antibodies can be useful for identifying and differentiating adenocarcinomas of these organs from other organs in the body. Additionally, it may be helpful in separating carcinoid tumors from other endocrine tumors.
The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-epsilon polypeptide, which together with CD3-gamma, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development. CD3e is an important pan T-cell marker for the classification of malignant lymphomas and lymphoid leukaemias.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. CD38 acts as a NAD glycohydrolase in T lym- phocytes. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. In addition to acting as a signaling receptor, CD38 is also an enzyme capable of producing several calcium-mobilizing metabo- lites, including cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR). CD38 also plays a role in maintaining survival of an invariant NK T (iNKT) cell subset that preferentially contributes to the maintenance of immunological tolerance.
Thymidylate Synthase (TS) is a crucial enzyme responsible for the synthesis of 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP) a precursor for thymidylate which is necessary for DNA replication and repair from 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (dUMP). In terms of cancer, TS is an important target for cancer treatment as the inhibition of TS and therefore nucleotide synthesis necessary for cell growth has shown to be a vital part for successful treatment against colorectal, pancreatic and breast cancers.
CD38 is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein which is present on early B and T cell lineages and activated B and T cells but is absent from most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. CD38 is also found on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, monocytes and Ig-secreting plasma cells. On hematopoietic cells CD38 induces activation, proliferation, and differentiation of mature T and B cells and mediates apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. CD38 marker is useful for lymphoma diagnostic eg. using in plasmacytoma diagnostic.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) promotes vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and mainly affects the vascular endothelium. VEGF is associated with poor prognoses of breast carcinomas, and has been shown to be elevated in rheumatoid arthritis.
CD34 is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 110 kD that is selectively expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts. It could act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 is highly expressed on hematopoietic progenitors, as well as on endothelial cells. CD34 has been used to measure angiogenesis, which reportedly predicts tumor recurrence.
The human leukocyte differentiation antigen CD23 (FCER2) is a key molecule for B-cell activation and growth. It is the low-affinity receptor for IgE. The truncated molecule can be secreted, then functioning as a potent mitogenic growth factor. It is expressed on most mature, conventional B cells (but not on peritoneal CD5+ B cells), and can also be found on the surface of T cells, macrophages, platelets and EBV transformed B lymphoblasts. Expression of CD23 has been detected in neoplastic cells from cases of B cell chronic Lymphocytic leukemia. CD23 is expressed by B cells in the follicular mantle zone but not by proliferating germinal centre cells. CD23 is also expressed by eosinophils. CD23 is distinct from the high affinity IgE receptors found on basophils and mast cells, which mediate allergic reactions. The low affinity receptors are thought to play a role in isotype specific immunoregulation. The regulation of CD23 surface expression appears to be integral with the complex IgE system, which involves interactions of cells, cytokines, antibodies and regulatory factors.
CD22 protein may be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. CD22 is expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of B-cells. CD22 is especially useful in diagnostics of hairy cell leukemia and classification of the B-cell lymphomas.
Thyroglobulin is a precursor to the thyroid hormones T4 and T3, and is present in the thyroid follicular cells. Nearly all thyroid follicular carcinomas stain for thyroglobulin and sometimes produce a focal staining pattern. Conversely, poorly differentiated carcinomas and non-thyroid adenocarcinomas do not stain for thyroglobulin, therefore Anti-Thyroglobulin is a useful diagnostic tool for recognizing papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas. A panel of Anti-Thyroglobulin and Anti-Calcitonin is useful for identifying medullary thyroid carcinomas, whereas a panel of Anti-Thyroglobulin and Anti-TTF1 is useful for distinguishing between primary thyroid and lung neoplasms.
The CD20 antigen is present on human pre B lymphocytes and on B lymphocytes at all stages of maturation, except on plasma cells. Low level expression of the CD20 antigen has been detected on subpopulation of T lymphocytes. CD20 is expressed widely in the large majority of cases of B-cell leukaemia and lymphoma. The CD20 molecule is involved in regulation of B cell differentiation, presumably via its reported function as a Ca++ channel subunit.
Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 (TTF-1) is present in diencephalon, lung, and thyroid. Anti-TTF-1 stains thyroid and thyroid-derived tumours, and is therefore used for distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma from germ cell tumours, malignant mesothelioma, and metastatic carcinomas from organs other than the thyroid. It is also useful for distinguishing small cell lung carcinoma from lymphoid infiltrates, and pulmonary from non-pulmonary adenocarcinomas in malignant effusions. The ability to distinguish between pulmonary and non-pulmonary adenocarcinomas is particularly useful in identifying tumours that have metastasized to the brain.
CD2 is a surface antigen of the human T-lymphocyte lineage that is expressed on all peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. It is one of the earliest T-cell markers, being present on more than 95% of thymocytes; it is also found on some natural killer cells but not on B lymphocytes. CD2 antibody is useful for lymphoma diagnostic.
CD14 antigen is a GPI-linked glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55kD. The CD14 antigen is expressed on cells of the myelomonocytic lineage including monocytes, macrophages and Langerhans cells. Low expression is observed on neutrophils and on human B cells. CD14 antigen is a receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). LBP and CD14 antigen serves two physiological roles. These proteins act as opsonin and opsonic receptor, respectively, to promote the phagocytic uptake of bacteria or LPScoated particles by macrophages.
CD13 is a transmembrane protease which expressed widely in different tissues and cells. CD13 expressed especially cells of myeloid origin but also eg. in bile canaliculi of liver, fibroblasts, proximal tubules of kidney, and vascular endothelia. CD13 is useful marker for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and differentiating between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-hepatocellular tumors.
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is secreted by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Anti-TSH stains thyrotrophs and is useful for categorizing pituitary tumours, as well as for recognizing primary and metastatic pituitary gland tumours.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC679
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
57663
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Pituitary
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
CD11c is cell surface transmembrane receptor which is mostly expressed on granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, NK-cells, and some of T- and B-lymphocytes. CD11c is useful especially for diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). CD11c can be offer great value for detection panel of HCL with DBA.44, CD103 and other HCL markers
CD11b is a membranous protein with a role in adhesive interactions of many leukocytes, especially macrophages, and subsets of lymphocytes. The expression of CD11b increases during maturation and expression levels vary depending on the type of cell. CD11b can be used as common myeloid and NK cell marker. Useful marker for acute promyelocytic leukemia, hair cell leukemia and AML differentiations. Systemic lupus erythematosus is also shown to be associated with CD11b dysfunction.
CD117 is a cell membrane protein encoded by the c-kit proto-oncogene. CD117 is expressed in mast cells, skin melanocytes and interstitial Cajal cells (ICC). These cells show a strong membrane and cytoplasmic staining. CD117 is also expressed in various epithelia (salivary glands, renal tubular cells etc.). Appendix serves as a good positive and negative control tissue. Neoplasms such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mast cell neoplasms and many other (seminoma, Mercel cell carcinoma etc.) express CD117. This antibody (together with DOG-1, CD34, SMA) is of great importance in the diagnosis of GIST, because of specific treatment of GIST patient with Gleveec.
CD10 is a 100kDa glycoprotein, also designated Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. CD10 is also present on breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells.
Caveolin-1 is a protein which is major structural component of the cell membrane caveolae. Caveolae is structure of the cell membrane invagination. Caveolin-1 is widely expressed in the normal tissue, eg. muscle tissue, vascular endothelia, fibroblasts and adipocytes. Caveolin-1 is useful in lung marker panel, especially in differentiating diagnosis of the epithelioid mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma.
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein and it is expressed in neurons and in nervous system. Calretinin is also expressed in mesothelial cells and steroid producing cells eg. Leydig cells and adrenal cortical cells as well as fat cells and some neuroendocrine cells. Calretinin located in the cells to nucleus and cytoplasm. Calretinin is useful for mesothelioma diagnostic (differentiate diagnostic between mesothelioma from carcinoma) and it is expressed in most malignant mesothelioma.
TIGIT is an immune receptor present on some T cells and Natural Killer cells. TIGIT binds with high affinity to the poliovirus receptor (PVR) which causes increased secretion of IL10 and decreased secretion of IL12B and suppresses T cell activation by promoting the generation of mature immunoregulatory dendritic cells. Through the CD226/TIGIT-PVR pathway, TIGIT regulates T cell mediated immunity. In cancer, TIGIT and PD-1 have been shown to be over-expressed on tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from individuals with melanoma. Blockade of TIGIT and PD-1 led to increased cell proliferation, cytokine production, and degranulation of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and TIL CD8+ T cells. It can be considered an immune checkpoint.
Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a member of the zinc metalloenzymes that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and is anchored to cell membrane. CA9 is expressed in human gastrointestinal tract, chiefly in stomach, and bile ducts of liver. In neoplasia, high expression levels have been reported in different carcinomas, especially in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. CA9 is also upregulated in hypoxia.
The TOP2A [IHC112] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of proliferating cells in normal and neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC112
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Cervix
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
Beta-Catenin is a member of catenin family together with alpha and gamma catenin. It mediates cell-cell adhesion with cadherins and it is key regulatory protein in signaling through the WNT pathway. Beta catenin has a role in cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutations in beta catenin gene (CTNNB1) leads accumulation of the beta catenin protein in cytoplasm and nucleus in different type of tumors eg. endometrial carcinoma and desmoid tumors. This antibody is useful in differentiation diagnostic of tumors.
B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 (Bcl-2) is an inhibitor of apoptosis, and its expression is generally abundant in cells which dividing and differentiating. In lymphatic tissue, Bcl-2 is highly expressed in T-cells, maturating B cells as well as mature B-cells. However, expression level in germinal center B-cells is downregulated. Overexpression of the Bcl-2 is common in leukemia and various carcinomas and sarcomas. Overexpression is common especially in non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Bcl-2 is helpful to classification of the follicular lymphoma or other lymphomas
Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) is a member of a highly conserved group of enzymes that plays important roles in synthesis and transcription of DNA as well as chromosomal segregation during mitosis. The overexpression of TOP2A has been correlated with increased risk of progression in various cancers, and it has been a target for the development of anti-polymerase inhibitors to treat cancer.
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor which is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. The androgen receptor is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the androgen receptor is as a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype.
AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.
The PRAME [IHC092] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC092
GMDN Code:
65250
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Melanoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Podoplanin is a transmembrane mucoprotein specifically expressed in the endothelium of lymphatic capillaries, while remaining absent from the blood vasculature. The protein is co-localized with VEGFR3/FLT4 in normal skin and kidney. Anti-Podoplanin is useful in the identification of lymphangiomas, Kaposi's sarcomas, epithelioid mesotheliomas, hemangioblastomas, seminomas, and some angiosarcomas that likely have lymphatic differentiation.
Postmeiotic Segregation Increased 2 (PMS2) is a DNA repair protein involved in mismatch repair. Mutations and deficiencies in the PMS2 gene have been linked to microsatellite instability and malignancies such as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer. Expression levels of the PMS2 protein may be useful as a screening tool for Lynch syndrome after a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Anti-PMS2 is recommended to be used as part of a panel along with antibodies against MSH2, MSH6, and MLH1.
The PLAP [IHC088] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC088
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Placenta
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Calponin is an actin, tropomyosin and calmodulin-binding protein that involves in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. This antibody is mainly used for the diagnosis and research of myoepithelial cells in leiomyoma and breast lesions.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC075
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56877
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Thyroid, Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Perforin, a pore-forming protein found in the granules of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells, functions to enable granzymes to enter the target cells and activate apoptosis. Perforin expression is upregulated in activated CD8+ T-cells, and these cells have been identified to have a major influence in Th1-associated inflammatory skin diseases. It has been suggested that perforin plays a role in alloimmunity, being involved in both the cytolytic process of rejection as well as downregulation of the T-cell mediated responses associated with the alloimmune response. Perforin-mediated cytotoxicity has also been linked to a number of autoimmune diseases.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC646
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
63737
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Spleen
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD274, or B7 Homolog 1 (B7-H1), is a transmembrane protein involved in suppressing the immune system and rendering tumour cells resistant to lysis through binding of the Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor. Overexpression of PD-L1 may allow cancer cells to evade the actions of the host immune system. In renal cell carcinoma, upregulation of PD-L1 has been linked to increased tumour aggressiveness and risk of death. When considered in adjunct with CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte density, expression levels of PD-L1 may be a useful predictor of multiple cancer types, including stage III non-small-cell lung cancer, hormone receptor negative breast cancer, and sentinel lymph node melanoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC441
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
62046
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Lung Adenocarcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD274, or B7 Homolog 1 (B7-H1), is a transmembrane protein involved in suppressing the immune system and rendering tumour cells resistant to lysis through binding of the Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor. Overexpression of PD-L1 may allow cancer cells to evade the actions of the host immune system. In renal cell carcinoma, upregulation of PD-L1 has been linked to increased tumour aggressiveness and risk of death. When considered in adjunct with CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte density, expression levels of PD-L1 may be a useful predictor of multiple cancer types, including stage III non-small-cell lung cancer, hormone receptor negative breast cancer, and sentinel lymph node melanoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC411
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
62046
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Lung Adenocarcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The PD-L1-TEC [IHC451] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC451
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Lung Adenocarcinoma
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The PD-L1-IMF [IHC461] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC461
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Lung Adenocarcinoma
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) is a member of the CD28/CTLA-4 family of T-cell regulators, expressed as a co-receptor on the surface of activated T-cells, B-cells, and macrophages. New studies have suggested that the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway may be linked to anti-tumour immunity, as PD-L1 has been shown to induce apoptosis of activated T-cells or inhibit activity of cytotoxic T-cells. In comparison to CD10 and Bcl-6, PD-1 is expressed by fewer B-cells and has therefore been considered a more specific and useful diagnostic marker for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Therapies targeted toward the PD-1 receptor have shown remarkable clinical responses in patients with various types of cancer, including non-small-cell lung cancer, melanoma, and renal-cell cancer.
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein that functions as a modulator of neuronal excitability and may play a protective role in the survival of nerve cells during disturbances in calcium homeostasis. It is abundantly expressed in subsets of neurons throughout the brain and spinal cord, particularly retina and sensory ganglia, but it is also found in mesothelium, eccrine sweat glands, Sertoli cells, ovarian stromal cells, and adrenal cortical cells. Due to its high sensitivity against mesothelial cells, calretinin is a useful marker in differentiating mesothelioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma to the serous membranes. It is also a diagnostic marker of Hirschsprung's disease and some ovarian and testicular cancers such as Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour, Sertoli cell tumour, Leydig cell tumour, sex cord tumour with annular tubules, and steroid cell tumour.
The PCNA [IHC711] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
PAX8 is expressed in simple ovarian inclusion cysts and non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, but is absent from normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Mutations in the PAX8 gene are linked to thyroid follicular carcinomas, atypical thyroid adenomas, and thyroid dysgenesis. Reports have associated PAX8 expression with renal carcinoma, nephroblastoma, and seminoma, and have indicated PAX8 as a useful marker for renal epithelial tumours, ovarian cancer, and for differential diagnoses in lung and neck tumours. Anti-PAX8 can be useful in determining the primary site of invasive micropapillary carcinomas of ovary from bladder, lung, and breast, when used in adjunct with a panel of organ-specific markers such as uroplakin, mammaglobin, and TTF-1.
Cluster of Differentiation 10 (CD10) is a cell surface metalloendopeptidase that cleaves and inactivates several peptide hormones including glucagon, enkephalins, and oxytocin. Also known as Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA), it is an important cell surface marker in the diagnosis of human ALL (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia), and is found positive in precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and follicular germinal center lymphoma. CD10 expression has also been reported in a variety of non-hematolymphoid tissues, particularly of the kidney. It is a useful aid in the diagnosis of various malignant tumours such as renal cell carcinoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC525
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56938
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Kidney, Lymph Node, Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
CD117 or Proto-oncogene c-Kit (c-Kit) is a member of the Tyrosine Kinase Receptor (TKR) family, and is an important cell surface marker found on hematopoietic stem cells, melanocytes, mast cells, Cajal cells, germ cells, basal cells of skin, and mammary ductal epithelia. It is considered an important marker in the diagnosis and classification of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs), mast cell diseases, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (SCLC), and Ewing's sarcoma.
Cluster of Differentiation 13 (CD13) is a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in both hematological and solid malignancies, including Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Although hypogranular variants of AML are difficult to distinguish from other AML subtypes due to the morphology, the diagnosis of this variant is possible through using a panel of CD13, CD16, CD33, CD34, and CD117. Alternatively, a panel of CD13, CD34, CD43, CD68, CD117, CD163, lysozyme, and MPO is very useful for accurately diagnosing myeloid sarcoma and distinguishing it from large cell lymphoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, malignant melanoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, extra-medullary hematopoiesis, and inflammation. Since CD13 is expressed in both normal and neoplastic liver tissues, CD13 staining is useful for distinguishing between hepatocellular carcinoma and non-hepatocellular neoplasms.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC123
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
62795
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Liver
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
PAX8 is expressed in simple ovarian inclusion cysts and non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, but is absent from normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Mutations in the PAX8 gene are linked to thyroid follicular carcinomas, atypical thyroid adenomas, and thyroid dysgenesis. Reports have associated PAX8 expression with renal carcinoma, nephroblastoma, and seminoma, and have indicated PAX8 as a useful marker for renal epithelial tumours, ovarian cancer, and for differential diagnoses in lung and neck tumours. Anti-PAX8 can be useful in determining the primary site of invasive micropapillary carcinomas of ovary from bladder, lung, and breast, when used in adjunct with a panel of organ-specific markers such as uroplakin, mammaglobin, and TTF-1.
Cluster of Differentiation 13 (CD13) is a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in both hematological and solid malignancies, including Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Although hypogranular variants of AML are difficult to distinguish from other AML subtypes due to the morphology, the diagnosis of this variant is possible through using a panel of CD13, CD16, CD33, CD34, and CD117. Alternatively, a panel of CD13, CD34, CD43, CD68, CD117, CD163, lysozyme, and MPO is very useful for accurately diagnosing myeloid sarcoma and distinguishing it from large cell lymphoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, malignant melanoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, extra-medullary hematopoiesis, and inflammation. Since CD13 is expressed in both normal and neoplastic liver tissues, CD13 staining is useful for distinguishing between hepatocellular carcinoma and non-hepatocellular neoplasms.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC119
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56944
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Liver
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
PAX5 is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors, which are key regulators in early development. The PAX5 gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein (BSAP), whose expression is limited to early stages of B-cell differentiation. Anti-PAX5 is useful in differentiating between classic Hodgkin's lymphoma versus multiple myeloma and solitary plasmacytoma, as the protein is expressed in mature and precursor B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas/leukemias while being absent from the other two conditions. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas are positive for PAX5, with the exception of those with terminal B-cell differentiation, and T-cell neoplasms do not stain with Anti-PAX5.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), also known as Parathormone or Parathyrin, is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that functions to increase the concentration of calcium in the blood. Anti-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is useful for differentiating parathyroid hyperplasia/neoplasms from thyroid and metastatic neoplasms, and is also used in the consideration of parathyroid carcinomas located primarily in the anterior mediastinum.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC645
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
GMDN Code:
63169
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Parathyroid Tissue
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 138 (CD138), also known as Syndecan-1, is a trans- membrane glycoprotein present on the surface of B-cells during late stage differentiation. Anti-CD138 is used to differentiate marginal zone lymphoma from lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. ALK+ Large B-Cell Lymphoma (LBCL) commonly stains positively for CD138, but not for CD20 and CD79a. Anti-CD138 reacts positively with HHV8-associated primary effusion lymphoma that lacks B-cell markers. CD138 is also a useful marker for identifying and enumerating benign, reactive, or malignant plasma cells from the bone marrow biopsy samples.
The CD14 [IHC014] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
p63 is a tumour suppressor protein that is very similar to p53 in structure and function, while being homologous to p73. p63 is important in development and differentiation, and has been identified as a useful marker for distinguishing between lung squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Anti-p63 is also used to differentiate between benign and malignant prostate and breast lesions, due to its labeling of the nuclei of myoepithelial cells in both tissue types.
Cluster of Differentiation 15 (CD15), also known as Leu-M1, is a carbohydrate adhesion molecule. Positive staining for CD15 and negative staining for leukocyte common antigen or other B- or T-cell lineage markers helps recognize Reed Sternberg cells (RSC) in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, and distinguishes it from Hodgkin-like neoplasms. CD15 does not stain mesotheliomas and is therefore most useful for distinguishing epithelial mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma.
p57<sup>Kip2</sup>, also known as p57, is a tumour suppressor protein that causes cell cycle arrest at G1 by binding to G1 cyclin-CDK complexes. The p57<sup>Kip2</sup> gene is a potential tumour suppressor target as the gene is located in a chromosomal region implicated in sporadic cancers, Wilms' tumour, and Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome. Anti-p57<sup>Kip2</sup> labels many cytotrophoblast nuclei and stromal cells in normal placenta, and is useful in differentiating between complete hydatidiform mole and partial hydatidiform mole or hydropic abortion.
p53, also known as Tumour Protein 53 or TP53, is a tumour suppressor and transcription factor that functions in a number of anti-cancer activities including DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in response to DNA damage or other stressors. Mutations in p53 are linked to a number of malignant tumours, including those of the breast, ovary, bladder, colon, lung, and melanoma. Anti-p53 staining has been used to detect intratubular germ cell neoplasia, and also to distinguish between uterine serous carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma.
Cluster of Differentiation 16 (CD16) is a receptor on natural killer cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. CD16 binds the Fc portion of antibodies to activate these immune cells. CD16 staining is useful in the differential diagnosis of hepatosplenic gamma delta T-cell lymphoma and gamma delta T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia from mucosal and cutaneous gamma delta T-cell lymphoma. Likely due to dysgranulopoiesis, granulocytes with myelomonocytic leukemia have decreased CD16 expression in comparison to granulocytes with chronic myelogenous leukemia and control bone marrow biopsies.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC528
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56950
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Liver
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
p504s, also known as ?-Methylacyl Coenzyme A Racemase (AMACR), is an enzyme localized in the peroxisome and mitochondria that functions in ?-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, as well as bile synthesis. AMACR has been clinically indicated as a tissue biomarker for prostate cancer and colorectal cancer, as well as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, a precursor lesion of prostate cancer. p504s overexpression has also been detected in a number of other cancers including ovarian, breast, bladder, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, lymphoma, and melanoma.
Cluster of Differentiation 163 (CD163) is a receptor found exclusively on the surface of monocytes and macrophages. The solubilized form in plasma is upregulated in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and Gaucher’s disease, which supports recent studies that have found IL-10, glucocorticoids, and other inflammatory modulators to upregulate CD163 expression. CD163 staining is useful for differentiating synovial intimal fibroblasts from synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Overexpression of CD163 is also present in patients with myelomonocytic leukemia dealing with microbial infections. CD163 expression is found in leukemias with monocytic differentiation and synovial-type giant cell tumours of the vertebral column.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC163
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
62796
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Inflamed Tissue
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Anti-p40 recognizes squamous and basal cells, the shortest variant of p53, and ΔNp63 (an isoform of p63). p40 has been indicated as an alternative to p63 for the detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SqCC), offering the advantage of eliminating potential misinterpretation of a positive adenocarcinoma as a SqCC.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC058
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
64957
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lung
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 19 (CD19) is a surface receptor found on follicular dendritic cells and B-cells. CD19 is found on normal and malignant B-cells, and is known as a reliable marker for B-cells throughout its maturation stages. Anti-CD19 reacts positively with the mantle zone cells, scattered cells, and germinal centers of normal lymph tissues. Although CD20 and CD22 have similar staining patterns to CD19, CD19 is useful because it is also expressed in immature B-cells.
p27, also known as p27<sup>Kip1</sup>, is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases, thereby regulating progression from G1 to S phase. Decreased expression of p27 is linked to poor prognosis in renal-cell carcinoma, colon carcinoma, small breast carcinomas, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, lymph node metastases in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, and is associated with a more aggressive phenotype of carcinoma in the cervix.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC128
GMDN Code:
57500
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
CD1a is part of a heterodimer with β-2-microglobulin, and mediates the capture and presentation of antigens, primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin, to T-cells. CD1a is expressed on interdigitating and dermal dendritic cells, veiled cells, Langerhans cells, antigen-presenting cells of the lymph nodes, and cortical thymocytes. Anti-CD1a stains Langerhans cell histiocytosis and cortical T LBL/L pre-T lymphoblastic lymphoma and leukemia. In concert with S100 and CD68, CD1a is very useful for differentiating Rosai-Dorfman disease from other histiocytic diseases.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC530
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56922
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Skin, Thymus
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
p21, also known as p21^ Cip1 ^ , p21^ Waf1 ^, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1, or CDK-Interacting Protein 1, functions to regulate cell cycle progression at G1 by inhibiting the activity of Cyclin-CDK2 or -CDK4 complexes. This cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor is expressed in all adult human tissues, and decreased expression of p21 is linked to poor prognosis in a number of carcinomas including gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma. p21 is also associated with favourable prognosis in several tumours.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC021
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
57493
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The p16 (p16<sup>INK4A</sup>) protein is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that plays an important regulatory role in the cell cycle. By controlling the transition between the G1 and S phases through regulation of retinoblastoma protein, p16 decelerates cellular differentiation and therefore acts as a tumor suppressor, making it the key marker in several human cancers including head and neck cancer, perianal lesions, melanomas, gliomas, lymphomas, and some types of leukemia. p16 is also clinically indicated in carcinomas of the esophagus, pancreas, lung, biliary tract, liver, colon, and urinary bladder.
Cluster of Differentiation (CD20), also known as B-Lymphocyte Antigen, is a non-glycosylated protein expressed on the surface of normal and malignant B-cells, which functions in chemokine signaling and microenvironmental interactions of B-cells. Anti-CD20 stains a minority of Reed-Sternberg cells with Hodgkin's disease. Since CD20 does not stain T-cell malignancies, it is a very useful marker for B-cell lymphomas. CD20 is also not reactive on non-hematopoietic neoplasms.
Cluster of Differentiation 21 (CD21) is a glycoprotein on the surface of B-cells that is bound by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) during infection of these cells. CD21 staining is useful for recognizing follicular dendritic cell matrices in normal tonsillar and lymph tissue, and can also stain dendritic cell sarcomas. CD21 is also useful for distinguishing marginal zone lymphoma with follicular involvement from follicular lymphoma with marginal zone differentiation. When used in concert with other B- and T-cell markers, CD21 is valuable for differentiating between nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma, and lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. CD21 staining is useful for recognizing abnormal follicular dendritic cell patterns in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and follicular T-cell lymphoma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC533
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
56956
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Lymph Node
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The p16 (p16<sup>INK4A</sup>) protein is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that plays an important regulatory role in the cell cycle. By controlling the transition between the G1 and S phases through regulation of retinoblastoma protein, p16 decelerates cellular differentiation and therefore acts as a tumor suppressor, making it the key marker in several human cancers including head and neck cancer, perianal lesions, melanomas, gliomas, lymphomas, and some types of leukemia. p16 is also clinically indicated in carcinomas of the esophagus, pancreas, lung, biliary tract, liver, colon, and urinary bladder.
Cluster of Differentiation 23 (CD23) is found on interleukin-4 activated B-cells, activated macrophages, eosinophils, and follicular dendritic cells, and is a receptor for IgE, an antibody involved in parasitic immunity. CD23 is present on Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. Follicular dendritic cells and activated B-lymphocytes produce strong staining in germinal centers and weak patterns in mantle zone B-cells. CD23 is helpful in differentiating chronic lymphocytic leukemia from mantle cell leukemia. Small B-cell lymphomas are sometimes positive, while precursor B- and T-lymphomas, myeloid neoplasms, and mature T-cell lymphomas stain negatively with Anti-CD23.
p120 Catenin is a nucleolar protein belonging to the armadillo protein family, which is involved in cell-cell adhesion and signal transduction. p120 Catenin is associated with proliferation, and is found in the majority of human malignant tumours, while remaining absent from resting normal cells. Anti-p120 Catenin is useful in differentiating between ductal and lobular neoplasia in the breast, and strong staining with Anti-p120 Catenin is associated with discohesive infiltrative morphology in gastric and colonic carcinoma. Accumulation of p120 Catenin in the cytoplasm has been linked to lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and gastric cancer, and is correlated to poor prognosis in colon cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC120
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
62843
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Lobular Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 3 (CD3) is a T-cell co-receptor expressed by T-cells in thymus, peripheral lymphoid tissue, blood, and bone marrow, as well as activated natural killer cells. CD3 is specifically expressed by T-cells at all stages of development including T-cell lymphomas and leukemias; therefore, it can be used to classify T-cell neoplasms from B-cell and myeloid neoplasms.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC534
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56926
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
OX40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, which regulates T cell activity and immune response. OX40 is mainly activated by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. It is expressed on cells, while OX40 ligands (OX40L, TNFSF4, CD252) are mainly expressed on activated antigen-presenting cells. Research shows that OX40 pathway is related to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Other studies have shown that OX40 agonists can enhance the anti-tumor immunity of several cancer types.
OX40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, which regulates T cell activity and immune response. OX40 is mainly activated by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. It is expressed on cells, while OX40 ligands (OX40L, TNFSF4, CD252) are mainly expressed on activated antigen-presenting cells. Research shows that OX40 pathway is related to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Other studies have shown that OX40 agonists can enhance the anti-tumor immunity of several cancer types.
Cluster of Differentiation 30 (CD30) is a transmembrane cytokine receptor expressed by activated T- and B- cells. It is present on Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma, most anaplastic large cell lymphomas, embryonal carcinomas, and primary cutaneous CD30 positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. B-cell lymphomas are sometimes stained by Anti-CD30. Lymphomas exhibit Golgi zone accentuation when stained with Anti-CD30, while embryonal carcinomas produce membranous stains.
Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 4 (Oct-4), also known as POU5F1 (POU Domain, Class 5, Transcription Factor 1), is a member of the POU homeodomain family of transcription factors and is involved in the maintenance and regulation of pluripotency in embryonic stem and germ cells. Anti-Oct-4 is highly useful and sensitive for seminomas, germinoma, dysgerminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and gonadoblastoma. Oct-4 may be associated with tumourigenesis, and can have an effect on some aspects of tumour behavior, including tumour recurrence or resistance to therapies.
Cluster of Differentiation 31 (CD31) is present on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and its expression is used to determine the concentration of HSCs in research studies and for bone marrow transplantation. Anti-CD31 is very specific and sensitive for endothelial cells and does not stain non-vascular tumours, therefore CD31 staining is used to recognize the vascular origins of neoplasms.
CD317, also known as BST2, tetherin, HM1.2 antigen, DAMP-2, is an integral transmembrane glycoprotein which may play a role in pre-B-cell growth, rheumatoid arthritis, and in antiretroviral defense, that blocks release of retrovirus from the cell surface. It is highly expressed on terminally differentiated normal plasmacytoid dendritic cells and some tumor cells, such as multiple myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma cells.
Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK) is a family of 3 proto-oncogenes including NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3. NTRK gene fusions have been reported in a variety of tumor types, which are involved in biological processes such as neuronal survival, differentiation, and plasticity under physiological circumstances. Recently, FDA has approved ENtrectinib for patients with NTRK fusions, thus testing for NTRK fusions identifies patients who may be candidates for NTRK inhibitor therapy.
Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), also known as Enolase 2 (ENO2), is one of three enolase enzymes found in mammals, and acts as a phosphopyruvate hydratase. This mammalian glycolytic isoenzyme is located specifically in neurons of neuroendocrine cells, as well as tumours associated with those neurons. However, it has also been detected immunohistochemically in non-neoplastic cells of the pituitary, peptide-secreting tissues, pinealocytes, neuroendocrine cells of the lung, thyroid, parafollicular cells, adrenal medulla, islets of Langerhans, Merkel cells of the skin, and melanocytes. NSE is a useful marker for identifying normal striated muscle, hepatocytes, and peripheral nerves. Anti-NSE may detect for neuroendocrine differentiation, only when used in a panel of antibodies including more specific markers such as synaptophysin, chromogranin, and neurofilament.
Cluster of Differentiation 35 (CD35), also known as Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) or C3b/C4b, is commonly found on erythrocytes, B- and T-cells, monocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils. It functions to mediate the clearance of opsonized targets. CD35 is a mature B-lymphocyte marker, and Anti-CD35 reacts positively with normal and tumourous follicular dendritic reticulum cells.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC035
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
56976
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Placenta
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Neurofilaments are a group of intermediate filaments found abundantly around the axons of vertebrate neurons. They are also expressed in paragangliomas, adrenal pheochromocytomas, Merkel cell tumours, carcinoid tumours, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, and oat cell carcinomas of the lung. Anti-Neurofilament stains a variety of neural, neuroendocrine, and endocrine tumours, such as neuromas, ganglioneuromas, gangliogliomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, and neuroblastomas.
Cluster of Differentiation 35 (CD35), also known as Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) or C3b/C4b, is commonly found on erythrocytes, B- and T-cells, monocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils. It functions to mediate the clearance of opsonized targets. CD35 is a mature B-lymphocyte marker, and Anti-CD35 reacts positively with normal and tumourous follicular dendritic reticulum cells.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC038
GMDN Code:
56978
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Plasma Cell Myeloma, Tonsil, Bone Marrow
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The Nestin [IHC105] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC105
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Tonsil, Glioma
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) is a membrane glycoprotein expressed in T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells, and is a receptor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CD4 staining is used for identifying lymphoproliferative disorders. Since the majority of peripheral T-cell lymphomas arise from the T helper cell subset, CD4 expression can be found in most forms of T-cell lymphomas as well as anaplastic large T-cell lymphomas and mycosis fungoides. Since CD4 may be aberrantly expressed in neoplastic T-lymphocytes, a panel of markers may be used to identify such tumours. CD4(+) CD25(+) T-cells are reported to exert immunosuppression, which is commonly observed in various types of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer and cancers of the breast, prostate, and ovary.
Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44) is a glycoprotein receptor for hyaluronic acid that plays a fundamental role in cellular adhesion, stromal binding, migration, and cell-cell interactions. Positive staining with Anti-CD44 is implicated in a multitude of different cancer types, including breast, prostatic, renal cell, colonic, hepatocellular, and genitourinary carcinomas, as well as non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, metastatic melanoma, gastric cancer, and some soft tissue tumours. It has also been demonstrated that there is a positive correlation between tumour progression and increased expression of CD44v, a high molecular weight CD44 isoform that has been described in epithelial cells. Given the expression of CD44 in a wide range of cancers, the most practical application of CD44 immunostaining is its use in discriminating between urothelial transitional cell carcinoma <em>in situ</em> from non-neoplastic changes in the urothelium.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC043
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
56984
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Benign Urothelium
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (NGFR), also known as p75, P-75NTR, or CD271, is a neurotrophin receptor belonging to the tumour necrosis factor receptor family. It is expressed mainly in Schwann cells and neurons, as well as a number of other non-neuronal cell types, and is also expressed in melanocytes, melanomas, neuroblastomas, pheochromocytomas, neurofibromas, neurotized nevi (type C melanocytes), and other neural crest cell or tumour derivatives. It has been suggested that NGFR may act as a tumour suppressor indicated in prostate and urothelial cancer, and Anti-NGFR is often used in adjunct with S100, to aid in the diagnosis of desmoplastic and neurotrophic malignant melanomas. Anti-NGFR is also useful as an aid in the diagnosis of breast malignancy, as the antibody labels the myoepithelial cells of breast ducts and intralobular fibroblasts of breast ducts.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC637
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
57471
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
N-cadherin, also known as Cadherin-2 (CDH2) or Neural Cadherin (NCAD), is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule that was originally detected in nervous tissue. It plays an important role in embryogenesis, being involved in gastrulation and neural crest development. N-cadherin is found in cancer cells and allows for transendothelial migration, which is a critical process in the metastasis of cancer. Overexpression and disorderly arrangement of N-cadherin has been noted in dilated cardiomyopathy. It has been suggested that, when considered in adjunct with the status of a number of additional cell-cell adhesion molecules, missense mutations in N-cadherin may be a potential indicator of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette disorder.
Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44) is a glycoprotein receptor for hyaluronic acid that plays a fundamental role in cellular adhesion, stromal binding, migration, and cell-cell interactions. Positive staining with Anti-CD44 is implicated in a multitude of different cancer types, including breast, prostatic, renal cell, colonic, hepatocellular, and genitourinary carcinomas, as well as non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, metastatic melanoma, gastric cancer, and some soft tissue tumours. It has also been demonstrated that there is a positive correlation between tumour progression and increased expression of CD44v, a high molecular weight CD44 isoform that has been described in epithelial cells. Given the expression of CD44 in a wide range of cancers, the most practical application of CD44 immunostaining is its use in discriminating between urothelial transitional cell carcinoma <em>in situ</em> from non-neoplastic changes in the urothelium.
Napsin A is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase that is closely related to Napsin B. It is expressed mainly in the lung and kidney, and is involved in the correct folding, targeting, and control of aspartic proteinase zymogens. Napsin A expression has been indicated in type II pneumocytes and adenocarcinomas of the lung and kidney. Anti-Napsin A is also useful for differentiating between primary lung adenocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas of other organs, due to the high expression of Napsin A in adenocarcinomas of the lung.
Nanog is a homeoprotein that functions with pluripotent factors, such as Oct-4 and SOX2, to maintain embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Expression of this protein has been noted in seminoma, dysgerminoma, embryonal carcinoma, and other undifferentiated germ cell tumours, while Nanog expression is absent in normal adult organ tissues. Anti-Nanog may be useful in distinguishing between undifferentiated germ cell tumours and non-germ cell tumours.
Cluster of Differentiation 45 (CD45), also known as Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA), is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) family that is known to regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. CD45 is expressed in most nucleated cells of hematopoietic origin, and is an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Anti-CD45 positively stains the majority of lymphoid neoplasms, and is highly indicative of lymphoid origin. However, an absence of CD45 does not rule out lymphoid tumours, as certain types of neoplasms lack CD45, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, some T-cell lymphomas, and some leukemias.
Smooth Muscle-Myosin is a major component of smooth muscle contractile apparatus. IHC detection of Myosin, Smooth Muscle visulizes the myoepithelial cell present in both normal and in situ malignant breast and bronchioloalveolar lesions and serves a valuable biomarker to distinguish between benign and malignant tumors.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC091
GMDN Code:
57591
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast, Colon
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
CD45R, also known as MB1, is an isoform of CD45 that is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) family. CD45R is expressed specifically on the surface of hematopoietic cells, and has demonstrated function as a regulator of the antigen and cytokine receptor signaling of B- and T-cells. Given that the antigen is located in the membrane of all B-cells, with the exception of plasma cells and some mature T-cells, Anti-CD45R exhibits specific reactivity with most B-lymphocytes. The use of Anti-CD45R is primarily useful in distinguishing B-cell lymphomas from T-cell lymphomas, with specific reactivity to follicle center cells, mantle cells, some medullary thymocytes, and 80% of B-cell lymphomas.
CD45RO is an isoform of CD45 which is expressed in thymocytes, activated T-cells, and subpopulations of resting T-cells. It is a useful marker for T-cell tumours, as Anti-CD45RO demonstrates no reactivity with B-cells. Specifically, CD45RO is implicated in a number of T-cell lymphomas including angioimmunoblastic, lymphoblastic, peripheral, and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC537
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
GMDN Code:
56992
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Tonsil
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cluster of Differentiation 5 (CD5) is expressed in high levels on the surface of T-cells, while the expression levels and role of CD5 in B-cells is not well documented. As a part of a diagnostic panel, its utility lies predominantly as a marker for T-cells, with over 70% of T-cell neoplasms expressing CD5. In particular, it is correlated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphomas, mantle cell lymphoma, as well as a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. CD5 demonstrates positive expression in thymic carcinomas, and is not as sensitive as CD3. CD5 also has value as a prognostic indicator, as it is associated with poor prognosis in acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia.
CDX-2 is a caudal-related homeobox transcription factor that is expressed by intestinal epithelial cells. CDX-2 is a useful marker for gastrointestinal carcinoma and for determining the origin of gastrointestinal metastatic adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumours. Anti-CDX-2 is used for differentiating lung and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. However, mucinous ovarian carcinoma also reacts positively with Anti-CDX-2, thereby limiting the ability to differentiate from metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Myogenin belongs to a family of myogenic transcription factors, including MyoD, Myf5, and MRF4, which are critical in muscle development. Myogenin is found strictly in cells of skeletal muscle origin, and is therefore used as a biomarker for tumours of the muscle lineage, including alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas. Anti-Myogenin staining may occur in Wilms' tumour, and it labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissue. It is also expressed in some leiomyosarcomas.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) describes a set of glycophosphatidyl inositol and transmembrane cell-surface-anchored glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion, differentiation, anoikis, polarization, and tissue architecture. CEA staining, along with Calretinin, CK 5/6, D2-40, HBME-1, Napsin A, MOC-31, and Ber-EP4, is used to help differentiate between adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma. Staining with Anti-CEA is also suggested to be useful in identifying the origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma. CEA is an effective marker for adenocarcinomas of the lung, colon, stomach, esophagus, pancreas, gallbadder, urachus, salivary gland, ovary, and endocervix.
Chromogranin A is localized in secretory granules of neurons and endocrine cells in tissues, including pituitary, adrenal medulla, thyroid, pancreatic islets, and the gastrointestinal tract. Neuroendocrine cells exhibit a fine granular immunoreactivity to Anti-Chromogranin A. It is widely recognized that co-expression of keratins and chromogranin A implies a neuroendocrine lineage. High expression of chromogranin A and negative staining with Anti-Keratin is a possible indication of paraganglioma. Positive staining for chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase is representative of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Many pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas stain positively for chromogranin A.
The Chromogranin B [IHC497] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC497
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Pancreas
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Multiple Myeloma Oncogene-1 (MUM1), also known as Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4), is a transcription factor present in a variety of hematolymphoid neoplasms and in malignant melanoma, but is absent from other human tumours. MUM1 expression has been indicated in both pediatric and adult diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and, when the immunostaining status of CD10 and Bcl6 is also considered, Anti-MUM1 can be used to sub-distinguish germinal center type DLBCL from the non-germinal center type. Anti-MUM1 stains normal melanocytes, melanocytic nevi, and malignant melanoma in non-hematopoietic tissues, and can also stain other B-cell lymphomas such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, grade 3 follicular lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt-like lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Mucin 6 (MUC6) is a glycoprotein expressed in mucous neck cells, pyloric glands of the antrum, epigastric and bronchial epithelium, and in Müller ducts of the endocervix and urethral epithelium. Anti-MUC6 is useful for differentiating fetal, precancerous, and cancerous colonic mucosa from normal colon, as the antibody does not stain the latter. Anti-MUC6 stains the gastric epithelial surface of normal human gastrointestinal tracts.
Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J is normally found in epithelial cells, semen, plasma, breast milk, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine, and is involved in apoptosis and the clearance of cellular debris. It is present in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cancers, as well as most systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Anti-Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J in a panel with other antibodies is useful for differentiating systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma from classic Hodgkin's disease. Anti-Clusterin/Apolipoprotein J also displays high sensitivity and specificity for follicular dendritic cell tumours. Clusterin overexpression is linked to recurrence and poor prognosis in breast cancer, and chemosensistivity and poor survival in cervical cancer.
Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secretory-type mucin found in columnar mucous cells of surface gastric epithelium and in goblet cells of the fetal and precancerous colon, but not in normal colon cells. MUC5AC expression is indicated in carcinomas wherein the type is defined as diffuse and infiltrative, and those located mainly in the antrum. Studies have also suggested a correlation between MUC5AC and colorectal signet ring cell carcinoma, with overexpression of MUC5AC relating to the carcinogenesis, malignant potential, progression, and clinical behaviors.
The NRP1 [IHC121] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC122
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Brain
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The C-Met [IHC078] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein involved in a number of protective and cell-signaling functions, including cell-cell adhesion, proliferation, motility, invasion, and survival. Overexpression of MUC1 is clinically indicated in breast carcinomas, papillary thyroid carcinomas, and thymic carcinomas, and reports have named MUC1 as a useful marker for differentiating thymic carcinoma from type B3 thymoma. The expression of MUC1 is correlated with the grade of malignancy in thymic epithelial tumours, and loss of MUC1 expression has been associated with reactive gastropathy. MUC1 is not expressed in normal human epidermis, but it has been detected in the epidermis of psoriatic plaques of biopsies from patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris.
MutS Homolog 6 (MSH6) is a protein involved in the mismatch repair pathway. This protein is commonly associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, and mutations in this gene are correlated with the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Studies have shown that mutations in MSH6, when co-indicated with mutations in MSH1 and MSH2, contribute to the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Use of Anti-MSH2 is optimized when paired with MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2 in an IHC panel.
This gene, CMTM6, belongs to the chemokine-like factor superfamily, a novel family that is similar to the chemokine and transmembrane 4 superfamilies. CMTM6 stabilizes plasma membrane expression of PD-L1 and protects PD-L1 from lysosomal degradation by preventing STUB1-mediated PD-L1 ubiquitination. Based on the studies of CMTM6 immune system regulation, it is being investigated as an immunotherapeutic target for cancer treatment.
MutS Homolog 2 (MSH2) is a protein involved in the mismatch-repair pathway. This protein is commonly associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, and mutations in this gene are correlated with the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Expression levels of MSH2 are abnormally low in a high percentage of patients with microsatellite instability, as well as endometrial and ovarian cancers. Use of Anti-MSH2 is optimized when paired in an IHC panel with antibodies against MSH6, MLH1, and PMS2. Reports have shown Anti-MSH2 to be useful in the detection of the protein in a number of normal and neoplastic tissues, and for identifying a loss of MSH2 in tumours that are microsatellite-unstable.
c-Myc is a phosphoprotein involved with cell proliferation and differentiation. It is a useful marker for differentiation between Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) since, despite morphological similarities between the two B-cell lymphomas, Anti-c-Myc stains all BL and only a few DLBCL cases. A panel of antibodies against c-Myc, CD10, BCL2, and Ki-67 is useful for cases where Myc FISH analysis is warranted or can be omitted. Nuclear c-Myc overexpression is common in luminal cells of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, many primary carcinomas, and metastatic disease.
MutL Homolog 1 (MLH1) is a protein involved in the mismatch-repair pathway. This protein is commonly associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, as the MLH1 gene is frequently mutated in patients with this cancer. Studies have shown MLH1 to be deficient in a high percentage of patients with microsatellite instability, as well as endometrial and ovarian cancers. Use of Anti-MLH1 is optimized when paired in an IHC panel with MSH6, MSH2, and PMS2. Anti-MLH1 is useful in the detection of MLH1 in a number of normal and neoplastic tissues, and for identifying a loss of MLH1 in tumours that are microsatellite-unstable.
Multidrug Resistance 3 (MDR3), also known as ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 4 (ABCB4), is a membrane-associated protein belonging to the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters. MDR3 is an energy-dependent phospholipid efflux translocator that mediates the translocation of phosphatidylcholine across the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte, and also acts as a positive regulator of biliary lipid secretion. Defects in MDR3 are associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 and gallbladder disease type 1. Co-overexpression of MDR3 and MRP1 has been documented as correlating with blastemal subtype and high-risk prognosis of Wilms' tumour patients.
Collagen Type IV is a primary component of the basal lamina that is used as a marker to observe the presence of the lamina and examine its structure. In addition to the epithelial basal lamina, Anti-Collagen Type IV stains mesenchymal components. It is useful for identifying soft tissue cancers, including schwannomas and leiomyomas. Anti-Collagen Type IV frequently reacts with these tissues after becoming well-differentiated and malignant. The use of Anti-Collagen Type IV produces more reliable results than non-specific silver reticulum stains when investigating the vascular elements of neoplasms, hemangiopericytoma, angiosarcoma, and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC549
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
57056
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Lung, Muscle
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Mouse Double Minute 2 Homolog (MDM2), also known as HDM2 in humans, is crucial in negative regulation of the p53 tumour suppressor. Negative regulation is mediated through both the ubiquitination of p53/TP53, as well as inhibition of p53 transcriptional activation. Reports have indicated an overexpression of MDM2 to be associated with a number of different human tumour types, including soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcomas, and breast tumours. When co-overexpressed with the CDK4 protein, MDM2 can also aid in the detection of well-differentiated liposarcomas and de-differentiated liposarcoma.
COX-2, also known as Cyclooxygenase 2, catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2. The inhibition of COX-2 using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents limits angiogenesis and tumour growth, and increases apoptosis. The overexpression of COX-2 is linked to increased microvascular density.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC081
GMDN Code:
57064
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Colon Adenocarcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The MCT4 [IHC124] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC124
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Cervical Cancer
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
MART-1, also known as Melan A or Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T-Cells 1, is a protein antigen found specifically on melanocytes of normal skin, retina, and nevi, and not in other normal tissues. Anti-MART-1 is therefore useful as a marker for melanocytic tumours, and as an aid in establishing the diagnosis of metastatic melanomas.
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a receptor on T helper cells that functions as an immune checkpoint and downregulator of immune responses. Mutations in CTLA-4 are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), celiac disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, thyroid-associated orbitopathy, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. The spliced variant of CTLA-4 in SLE is present in the patient's serum. Haploinsufficiency of CTLA-4 causes the immune system disorder known as CTLA-4 deficiency or CHAI disease (CTLA-4 haploinsufficiency with autoimmune infiltration).
MART-1, also known as Melan A or Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T-Cells 1, is a protein antigen found specifically on melanocytes of normal skin, retina, and nevi, and not in other normal tissues. Anti-MART-1 is therefore useful as a marker for melanocytic tumours, and as an aid in establishing the diagnosis of metastatic melanomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC408
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
57393
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Melanoma, Skin
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cyclin D1 is an essential cell cycle regulator and proto-oncogene. Cyclin D1 staining is useful for investigating cell cycle biology and related cancers. Anti-Cyclin D1 is used for differentiating mantle cell lymphomas (positive stain) from CLL/SLL and follicular lymphomas (negative stain). Hairy cell leukemia and plasma cell myeloma also react lightly to Anti-Cyclin D1.
Cytokeratin-AE1 is the acidic (Type 1) subfamilies of cytokeratins, and can be used to label tumors for squamous and adenocarcinoma of the lung, liver carcinoma, breast cancer and esophageal cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC201
GMDN Code:
57079
UKCA Status:
RUO
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Stomach Cancer, Bladder Cancer
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cytokeratin-AE3 is the basic (Type II) subfamilies of cytokeratins. It stains broadly with most epithelia and their neoplasms. AE3 detection is used to observe the distribution of keratin-containing cells in normal epithelia and to identify neoplasms derived from such epithelium
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC203
GMDN Code:
57079
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Colon Cancer, Esophagus
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
KBA.62, also known as Melanoma Associated Antigen, is used to detect an antigen present in melanocytic tumours, such as melanomas, due to its proven sensitivity and specificity. The antibody can also be used to distinguish between junctional nevus and intradermal nevus cells, and fetal melanocytes versus normal adult melanocytes. Studies have shown KBA.62 to be highly useful in differentiating between metastatic amelanotic melanoma and a number of poorly differentiated carcinomas, large cell lymphomas, sarcomas, and spindle cell carcinomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC062
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
GMDN Code:
57371
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Melanoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is present in simple, glandular, and transitional epithelial cells, but is absent in stratified epithelial cells. CK18 usually multimerizes with Cytokeratin 8, and Anti-Cytokeratin 18 is useful for detecting adenocarcinomas of simple and glandular epithelium origin, as well as poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma cells.
Anti-Kappa recognizes surface immunoglobulin on normal and neoplastic B-cells, and has been indicated as a potential aid in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, where the expression of a single light chain class is restricted. The determination of light chain ratio is critical in evaluating B-cell neoplasms, as the majority of B-cell lymphomas express either kappa or lambda light chains, while a mixture of kappa and lambda is characteristic of reactive proliferations. In paraffin-embedded tissue, Anti-Kappa displays strong staining of kappa-positive plasma cells, as well as cells that have absorbed exogenous immunoglobulins.
Anti-Kappa recognizes surface immunoglobulin on normal and neoplastic B-cells, and has been indicated as a potential aid in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, where the expression of a single light chain class is restricted. The determination of light chain ratio is critical in evaluating B-cell neoplasms, as the majority of B-cell lymphomas express either kappa or lambda light chains, while a mixture of kappa and lambda is characteristic of reactive proliferations. In paraffin-embedded tissue, Anti-Kappa displays strong staining of kappa-positive plasma cells, as well as cells that have absorbed exogenous immunoglobulins.
Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) forms intermediate filaments found in the intracytoplasmic cytoskeleton of epithelial tissue and provides mechanical support. Anti-Cytokeratin 19 stains epithelia and epithelial malignancies such as carcinomas of the colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, liver, and breast. Cytokeratin 19 is a useful marker for distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This differentiation is improved when stained in combination with Cytokeratin 7, CAM5.2, Ber-EP4/MOC31, Hep-Par1, and TTF1. Cytokeratin 19 staining can also be used to recognize thyroid papillary carcinomas.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the placenta after conception. Anti-hCG is useful for identifying trophoblastic tumours, such as choriocarcinoma. hCG is also a marker for non-trophoblastic tumours such as large cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma.
Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) forms intermediate filaments and is normally present in gastric and intestinal epithelium, urothelium, and Merkel cells. Anti-Cytokeratin 20 is used for distinguishing specific types of urinary tract epithelial cells and malignant epithelia. Anti-Cytokeratin 20 stains tissues of the colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary system adenocarcinomas, transitional-cell, mucinous ovarian tumours, and Merkel cell carcinomas. Non-mucinous tumours of the ovary and adenocarcinomas of the breast, lung, endometrium, squamous cell, and small cell type are not stained by Anti-Cytokeratin 20.
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) contains the large (L), middle (M), and small (S) surface proteins of the Hepatitis-B-Virus (HBV). It is the surface antigen of HBV, indicating current Hepatitis B infection. The body produces antibodies to HBsAg as part of the normal immune response to infection. Immunohistochemical staining for HBsAg in liver tissue is useful for the detection of HBV.
Cytokeratin 5 dimerizes with Cytokeratin 14 to form the cytoskeleton of basal epithelial cells, while Cytokeratin 6 multimerizes with Cytokeratin 16 and/or 17 in the tongue, oral epithelia and esophagus, hair follicles, and glandular epithelia. Anti-Cytokeratin 5 & 6 rarely stains lung adenocarcinoma, but will produce small foci or scattered staining patterns in these Cytokeratin 5 & 6(+) samples. Cytokeratin 5 & 6 staining is useful for identifying squamous cell carcinoma, and can be used to determine the malignancies of myoepithelial cells in the breast and prostate. Cytokeratin 5 & 6 also rarely stains carcinomas of the breast, colon, and prostate. A panel of antibodies against Cytokeratin 5 & 6, TTF-1, napsin A, p63, SOX2, DSC3, and desmoglein-3 is useful for differentiating lung squamous cell carcinoma from lung adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma.
The HBcAg [IHC205] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of chronic HBV infection tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnositc tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC205
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Liver infected with Hepatitis B virus
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Anti-Hairy Cell Leukemia stains various B-cells in the follicular mantle zone and virtually all cases of hairy cell leukemia. It also stains some high grade B-cell lymphomas.
Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) is a type II keratin which is present in transitional, ductal, glandular, and biliary duct epithelial cells. Cytokeratin 7 is a useful marker for distinguishing between carcinomas of the lung, breast, endometrium, and urothelia (positive stain) from carcinomas of the colon and prostate (negative stain). Cytokeratin 7 is present is nearly all primary lung adenocarcinomas, and is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms. Anti-Cytokeratin 7 does not stain intermediate filament.
Growth Hormone (GH or hGH) is a peptidic hormone produced by somatotrophs of the anterior pituitary gland. Anti-Growth Hormone stains somatotrophs in normal pituitary tissues, and is useful in identifying pituitary tumours and understanding pituitary disease or acromegaly. Studies have also found Anti-GH to stain non-pituitary cells, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cutaneous lesions.
Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) is present in single-layer epithelial tissue. CK8 frequently interacts with Cytokeratin 18, and Anti-Cytokeratin 8 is useful for identifying adenocarcinomas with simple epithelium origin. It may also be used to differentiate between lobular (perinuclear staining) and ductal (peripheral staining) breast carcinomas.
Progesterone Receptor (PR), also known as NR3C3 (Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 3, Group C, Member 3), is an intracellular steroid receptor which mediates the physiological effects of progesterone, a female sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis. Progesterone receptor expression has been linked to the prediction of prognosis in breast cancer, as well as associated responses to endocrine therapy. The progesterone receptor has also been linked to risk for ovarian cancer.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC751
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
GMDN Code:
57534
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Breast, Breast Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a GPI-anchored proteoglycan involved in cell division and growth regulation. Glypican-3 is a useful tumour marker, and its expression has been shown to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hepatoblastoma, melanoma, testicular germ cell tumours, and Wilms' tumour. Patients with HCC have presented elevated levels of GPC3 in the neoplastic liver tissues and serum, levels which are higher than detected in cirrhotic liver or liver with focal lesions, including those with hepatic adenoma and dysplastic nodules. Glypican-3 is also overexpressed in testicular germ cell tumours of certain subtypes, such as yolk sac tumours and choriocarcinoma, and in embryonal tumours.
Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by lactotroph cells in the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland). PRL plays a role in a number of processes including cell growth, reproduction, and immune function, with its primary function being associated with lactation. Anti-Prolactin reacts with lactotroph cells, and is useful in classification of pituitary tumours and the study of pituitary disease.
Glycophorin A (GPA) and Glycophorin B (GPB) are erythrocyte blood group determinants that minimize erythrocyte aggregation during the circulation of blood. Anti-Glycophorin A is useful for understanding erythroid cell development and identifying erythroid leukemias.
Prostate Cocktail is a combination of Cytokeratin 1, Cytokeratin 5, Cytokeratin 10, Cytokeratin 14, and p63. These four high molecular weight cytokeratins are found in basal epithelia of the prostate gland. p63 is a tumour suppressor protein found in basal epithelial nuclei of the normal prostate, while being negative in malignant tumours associated with the prostate gland. It is therefore useful in differentiating between benign and malignant prostate lesions.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC653
GMDN Code:
57548
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
IVDD
Positive Control:
Prostate
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Glutamine Synthetase (GS-6 or GS) catalyzes the conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine in the liver, and is expressed in pericentral hepatocytes, but not in periportal hepatocytes or in the mid-zonal. Anti-Glutamine Synthetase is useful in some hepatocellular carcinomas and many high grade dysplastic nodules, and therefore may be useful in recognizing these cases. A panel of antibodies against HSP70 (heat shock protein 70), GPC3, and glutamine synthetase is useful for differentiating dysplastic from early malignant hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis. GS staining of hepatocellular lesions is useful for the differential diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), hepatic adenoma (HCA), dysplastic nodules, and low grade hepatocellular carcinoma. FNH produces a “map-like” pattern when stained with Anti-Glutamine Synthetase. Conversely, HCA can stain negatively, produce border staining, or stain around the tumour veins.
Glucose transporter type I (GLUT1), also known as SCL2A1, is a glucose transporter present in the blood-brain barrier and erythrocytes. GLUT1 overexpression is associated with tumour progression or poor prognoses of bladder, breast, cervical, colon, and lung carcinomas, as well as mesothelioma. Anti-GLUT1 is useful for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma (GLUT1(+)) from reactive mesothelium (GLUT1(-)).
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a serine protease of the kallikrein family that is produced by the prostate epithelium and epithelial lining of the periurethral glands. Although considered prostate-specific, PSA has also been detected in breast tissue, breast tumours, endometrium, adrenal neoplasms, and renal cell carcinomas. Anti-PSA can be used for differentiating high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma from high-grade urothelial carcinoma, as well as for determining the prostatic origin of carcinomas in non-prostate tissues. Anti-PSA recognizes primary and metastatic prostatic neoplasms, but not tumours of nonprostatic origin, and can be useful as an aid to confirm prostatic acinar cell origin in primary and metastatic carcinomas.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC720
GMDN Code:
57548
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate, Prostate Carcinoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein that is present in astrocytes and some ependymal cells of the central nervous system. In the peripheral nervous system, GFAP is present in Schwann cells, enteric glial cells, and satellite cells. Anti-GFAP staining is useful in differentiating neoplasms of astrocyte origin from other neoplasms in the central nervous system.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC584
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
GMDN Code:
57238
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Brain
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a serine protease of the kallikrein family that is produced by the prostate epithelium and epithelial lining of the periurethral glands. Although considered prostate-specific, PSA has also been detected in breast tissue, breast tumours, endometrium, adrenal neoplasms, and renal cell carcinomas. Anti-PSA can be used for differentiating high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma from high-grade urothelial carcinoma, as well as for determining the prostatic origin of carcinomas in non-prostate tissues. Anti-PSA recognizes primary and metastatic prostatic neoplasms, but not tumours of nonprostatic origin, and can be useful as an aid to confirm prostatic acinar cell origin in primary and metastatic carcinomas.
GATA3 is a transcription factor important in cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. GATA3 is mostly observed in breast and urothelial carcinomas, and is rarely present in other cancers such as endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Among the breast carcinomas, GATA3 has a lower expression in luminal B subtype breast carcinoma. Studies have found GATA3 expression to be associated with ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor), and HER2 in breast cancer cases. Urothelial carcinomas stain positively for GATA3 in invasive or high grade tumours, therefore Anti-GATA3 is useful for carcinoma diagnosis when those of the breast and bladder are plausible.
Galectin-3 is a lectin involved in cell adhesion, macrophage activation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and apoptosis. Anti-Galectin-3 is useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms. Galectin-3 is also useful for recognizing anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Prostatic Specific Acid Phosphatase (PSAP) is a prostatic enzyme found in the glandular epithelium of the prostate. PSAP levels are elevated in hyperplastic prostate and prostate carcinoma, with the highest levels being detected in metastasized prostate cancer. Moderate overexpression of PSAP is also characteristic of diseases of the bone (such as Paget's disease or hyperparathyroidism), diseases of blood cells (such as sickle-cell disease), multiple myeloma, or lysosomal storage diseases (such as Gaucher's disease). PSAP is considered more sensitive, yet less specific, than PSA, however Anti-PSAP can act as a useful complement to Anti-PSA under suitable clinical contexts.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) allows for progression of ovarian folliculogenesis, and enables Sertoli cell proliferation in the testis. Anti-FSH reacts with FSH-producing cells, and therefore FSH staining is useful for classifying pituitary cancers and understanding pituitary disease.
PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a tumor suppressor that negatively regulates the PI3KAKT signaling pathway. Loss of PTEN function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of different tumors, particularly endometrial cancer.
FOXP3 is a forkhead transcription factor family member which plays a key role in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell function and represents a specific marker for these cells. Specifically in IHC, FOXP3 is a marker for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). In normal lymphoid tissues, a T-cell subset in interfollicular areas shows nuclear staining. There are many characteristics of FOXP3s role in cancer, which involves tumour progression through the suppression of T-cell activity and oncogene suppression through suppressing the expression of HER2, Skp2, SATB1 and MYC oncogenes.
ROS1 serves as a receptor tyrosine kinase. Gene rearrangement events involving ROS1 have been described in lung and other cancers, and such tumors have been found to be remarkably responsive to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Multiple studies have demonstrated an incidence of approximately 1% in lung cancers, demonstrated oncogenicity, and showed that inhibition of tumor cells bearing ROS1 gene fusions by crizotinib or other ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors was effective in vitro.
S-100 is a low-molecular weight protein found in Schwann cells, melanocytes, glial cells, histiocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myoepithelial cells, macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes. S-100 is a useful marker for Schwann cell-derived tumours and a number of well-differentiated tumours of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue. Anti-S-100 is used to detect melanomas, histiocytosis X, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours, and clear cell sarcomas.
Serum Amyloid A1 (SAA1) is a member of the serum amyloid A family of apolipoproteins. Highly inducible SAA1 is an acute phase protein expressed in response to tissue injury and chronic inflammatory disease. The recent studies also suggest SAA1 is associated with tumor pathogenesis contributing to certain types of malignant tumors.
Sal-Like Protein 4 (SALL4) is a zinc finger transcription factor found in germ cells and human blood progenitor cells, with functional involvement in modulating Oct-4 to maintain embryonic stem cell pluripotency. SALL4 is a useful marker for acute myeloid leukemia, B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia, intratubular germ cell neoplasia, seminomas/dysgerminomas, and yolk sac tumours (both pediatric and postpubertal). Anti-SALL4 is used to detect embryonal carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gliomas, ovarian primitive germ-cell tumours, choriocarcinomas, spermatogonia, teratoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer. Expression of SALL4 is often associated with poor prognosis in HCC, and with metastasis in endometrial cancer, colorectal carcinoma, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Flt-1, also known as Fms Related Tyrosine Kinase 1 or VEGFR1 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1), is a tyrosine kinase involved in lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis, and wound healing. It is present in endothelial cells, osteoblasts, placental trophoblasts, renal mesangial cells, and some hematopoietic stem cells. Anti-Flt-1/VEGFR1 is useful for identifying carcinomas of the larynx and esophagus.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC086
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Angiosarcoma
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The SATB2 [IHC095] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissues within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC095
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Colon Adenocarcinoma
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Siglec-15 (Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 15), is a member of the family of Siglecs cell surface proteins that bind sialic acid. Involved in cell adhesion and signalling, Siglec-15 expression in dendritic and macrophage cells interacts with DAP10 and DAP12 and binds to sialylated glycoproteins
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC096
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Prostate, Tonsil
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Fibronectin is a glycoprotein that contributes to cell adhesion, migration, and metastasis. Renal cancer cells exhibit higher expression of fibronectin, therefore Anti-Fibronectin is useful for assessing the progression and aggressiveness of renal cancer cells.
SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box 10 (SOX-10), also known as Transcription Factor SOX-10, is a nuclear transcription factor that acts in regulation of embryonic development and in the specification and differentiation of cells of melanocytic lineage. SOX-10 is diffusely expressed in neurofibromas and schwannomas, and mutations in the SOX-10 gene are linked to Waardenburg-Shah and Waardenburg-Hirschsprung's disease. Anti-SOX-10 has been shown to be sensitive for conventional, spindled, and desmoplastic melanoma, and has been used to detect metastatic melanoma and nodal capsular nevus in sentinel lymph nodes.
The Factor XIIIa [IHC572] antibody is intended for qualified laboratories to qualitatively identify by light microscopy, the presence of associated antigens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections using immunohistochemistry test methods. Use of this antibody is indicated, subsequent to clinical differential diagnoses of diseases, as an aid in the identification of neoplastic tissue within the context of antibody panels, the patients clinical history and other diagnostic tests as evaluated by a qualified pathologist.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC572
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Placenta
Buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3 - 7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
GCDFP-15 is a glycoprotein localized in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium lining breast cysts and in apocrine glands in the axilla, vulva, eyelid, ear canal, and in salivary glands. GCDFP-15 positivity is seen in breast carcinomas. On the other hand, colorectal carcinomas, lung carcinoma, mesotheliomas rarely stain with this antibody. Because of its specificity for breast carcinoma, this antibody is often helpful in distinguishing metastasis of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP1582Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mazoujian G, et al. Am J Pathol. 1983; 110:105-12
References 2:
Liegl B, et al. Histopathology. 2007; 50:439-47
References 3:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 4:
Tornos C, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29:1482-9
References 5:
Takeda Y, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:239-43
The monoclonal antibody M330-19 reacts highly specific with mouse natural and recombinant LBP. The antibody is a type I antibody blocking the LPS binding to LBP. LPS binding protein (LBP) is an approximately 60 kDa acute phase protein that is produced by hepatocytes. This protein strongly binds to LPS and has been shown to play an important role in the handling of LPS by the host. A number of functions of LBP have been reported. First, LBP transfers LPS to the LPS receptor CD14 on mononuclear phagocytes, leading to an 100-1,000-fold increased sensitivity of the cells to LPS. Furthermore, LBP can enhance the response of CD14 negative cells by acceleration of LPS binding to soluble CD14, a complex that stimulates these cells. Next, LBP transfers LPS into High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), which effectively neutralizes its biological potency. LBP was demonstrated to protect mice from septic shock caused by LPS or gram negative bacteria.
The monoclonal antibody ER-TR9 recognizes murine SIGN-related 1 (SIGN-R1). Mouse SIGN-R1,- a homolog of human DC-SIGN, is a 37 kDa type II transmembrane protein containing a single, C-terminal C-type lectin domain. SIGN-R1 is a specific marker for the identification of macrophage subpopulations present in the marginal zone of spleen (the so-called marginal zone macrophages (MZM)), in the lymph node medulla, and in the peritoneal cavity of some mouse strains. ER-TR9 does not react with macrophages in other regions of the spleen, such as CD169+ marginal metallophils and F4/80+ red pulp macrophages. In the spleen, the MZM function in trapping and clearance of blood-borne microbial antigens. SIGN-R1 mediates the uptake of encapsulated microbes , particularly through the recognition of microbial polysaccharides. Uptake of FITC-labeled dextran by macrophages can be blocked both in vivo and in vitro by the monoclonal antibody ER-TR9. Therefore, the monoclonal antibody ER-TR9 can be used to study the uptake of polysaccharides by macrophages.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ER-TR9
Concentration:
200 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
Sterile cell culture medium with 0.02% sodium azide
The monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 specifically reacts with the macrophage galactose-specific lectin (MGL), a 38 kDa single chain surface glycoprotein. MGL is found on murine mature macrophages in the connective tissue neighboring epithelia of e.g. salivary glands, capsule of lymph nodes, thymus and various other organs. MGL is present on the surface of connective tissue macrophages and their precursor cells in bone marrow. Also, MGL is expressed in macrophage cell lines (e.g. J774-1.6, RAW309Cr.1 and WR19M.1). Expression levels of MGL are increased in mature macrophages. The antigen is co expressed with the antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody BM8 (HM1066).<br> The monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 has been raised after immunization of rats with mouse macrophage cell lines. Blocking studies demonstrated that the monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 is able to block mouse MGL.
The monoclonal antibody ER-MP20 specifically reacts with mouse macrophage precursor cells in the mid-stage of their development (late CFU-M, monoblasts and monocytes). The antigen is a 14 kD surface protein which is very similar to Ly-6C and may be analogous to human CD59. It is inducible by IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma. In tissue sections, the antigen is found on macrophage precursor subpopulations. In the bone marrow and hemopoietic islands of the lymphoid organs, and in the spleen. Activated macrophages in inflammatory tissues also express the ER-MP20-related antigen. The monoclonal antibody ER-MP20 has been raised after immunization of rats with mouse macrophage cell lines and reacts with mouse macrophage precursor cells. The monoclonal antibody also identifies activated macrophages in inflammatory tissues where the simultaneous use of the murine pan-macrophage marker BM8 (anti-F4/80) is recommended. In combination with an anti-mouse CD31/PECAM-1 antibody, ER-MP20 can be used to evaluate the cellular composition in murine bone marrow (e.g. using flow cytometric analysis). ER-MP20 also detects a wide range of endothelial cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ER-MP20
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De Bruijn; M et al. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 2279
References 2:
De Bruijn, M et al J Immunol Methods 1998, 217: 27
CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is a calcium-independent homophilic binding protein that belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. CD56 is involved in cellcell adhesion of neural cells during embryogenesis and is expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues. In normal tissue, anti-CD56 labels neurons, glia, schwann cells, NK (natural killer) cells, and a subset of T-cells.3 CD56 expression can be seen in most NK cell neoplasms, certain subtypes of T-cell lymphoma and in some plasma cell neoplasms. well
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
123C3.D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Langdon, SP, et al. Cancer Research 1988;48(21):6161-6165
References 2:
Moolenaar, CE, et al. Cancer Research 1990;50(4):1102-1106
References 3:
Sumi M et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Jan; 44(1): 201-4
References 4:
Kibbelaar, RE, et al. Euro J of Cancer 1991;27(4):431-435
References 5:
Michalides, R, et al. International J of Cancer Sup 1994;8:34-37
Oct-2 is a transcription factor of the POU homeo-domain family that binds to the Ig gene octamer sites, regulating B-cell-specific genes. These are involved in proliferation and differentiation and, despite the scarce evidence for Oct-2 expression in T cells, it has been shown that this factor participates in transcriptional regulation during T-cell activation. Oct-2 activity is dependent on phosphorylation and alternatitive splicing.Various lymphomas are also positive for this marker including the following: Bchronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, plasmacytoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Browne P, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003; 120:767-77
References 2:
García-Cosío M, et al. Mod Pathol. 2004; 17:1531-8
References 3:
Gibson SE, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006; 126:916-24
Oct-4 is a transcription factor that functions in the regulation and maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem and primordial germ cells. Oct-4 immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in gonadal and extra-gonadal seminomas, dysgerminomas and embryonal carcinomas. In addition, the immunohistochemical detection of Oct-4 assists in the evaluation of intratubular germ cell neoplasia (IGCN).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cheng L, et al. J Pathol. 2007; 211:1-9
References 2:
Weissferdt A, et al. Hum Pathol. 2015; 46:376-83
References 3:
Browne P, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 Nov;120(5):767-77
References 4:
García-Cosío M, et al. Mod Pathol. 2004 Dec;17(12):1531-8
References 5:
Gibson SE, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006 Dec;126(6):916-24
The monoclonal antibody 4H5 reacts specifically with full length human natural and recombinant Bactericidal Permeability Increasing protein (BPI). The antimicrobial protein BPI is a 55 kDa protein found in the primary (azurophilic) granules of human neutrophils and has also been detected on surface of neutrophils, small intestinal and oral epithelial cells. BPI is a bactericidal compound that is present in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and in lower levels in the specific granules of eosinophils. BPI possesses high affinity toward the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that comprise the outer leaflet of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. Binding of BPI to the lipid A moiety of LPS exerts multiple anti-infective activities against gram-negative bacteria: 1) cytotoxicity via sequential damage to bacterial outer and inner lipid membranes, 2) neutralization of gram-negative bacterial LPS, 3) opsonization of bacteria to enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils. Airway epithelial cells constitutively express the BPI gene and produce the BPI protein and, therefore, BPI may be a critical determinant in the development of LPS-triggered airways disease. Inflammation induced by LPS possibly contributes to the development of rapid airflow decline, a serious and often fatal complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Furthermore, a 21 kDa bioactive recombinant fragment of BPI, rBPI21, was shown to confer a survival advantage against invasive pneumococcal disease by binding to the gram-positive bacterial pathogen, pneumolysin. The monoclonal antibody 4H5 recognizes only free BPI and does not interact with BPI that has formed a complex with LPS.
CD61 also known as integrin beta chain beta 3 (ITGB3) is an integrin cell-surface protein associated with cellular adhesion and cell-surface mediated signaling. Immunohistochemical staining for CD61 can be useful in evaluating normal and abnormal megakaryocytes, which can aide in the identification of some hematopoietic malignancies. Anti-CD61 reactivity is also seen in platelets, osteoclasts and macrophages.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2f2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Duperray A et al. Blood. 1989 Oct; 74(5):1603-11
References 2:
Goldman BI et al. Modern Pathology 14:589-594 (2001)
References 3:
Thiele J et al. Virchows Archiv B Cell Pathol (1990) 58:295-302
The antibody marks cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. This antibody is capable of staining monocytes, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, granulocytes and their precursors; lymphomas are negative or show few granules. This antibody may be useful for the identification of myelomonocytic and histiocytic tumors. Since this detects a formalin-resistant epitope that may be associated with lysosomal granules, other lysosome-rich cells may also stain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Kp-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The monoclonal antibody 45 reacts with Polymyxin B. The antibody binds to free Polymyxin B as well as to Polymyxin B already bound to LPS. The peptide antibiotic Polymyxin B (PMB) binds to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). The interaction of PMB with LPS involves ionic forces between amino groups in PMB and negatively charged phosphate and carboxyl groups in the lipid A-Kdo region. PMB has relevance for endotoxin research in at least two ways: first, PMB reacts with LPS of many species regardless of varied serospecificity, and thus it can be used as a general probe for measuring or detecting LPS or lipid A. Second, binding of PMB to LPS may result in neutralization of the detrimental effects of LPS either in vitro or in vivo. Monoclonal antibody 45 enables the possibilities to study quantitatively the interaction of PMB and LPS.
The monoclonal antibody 55 recognizes lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA, a glycerol phosphate surface polymer, is a component of the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria. LTA is anchored via its glycolipids to the membrane and carries a polysaccharide chain extending into the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall. LTA is released spontaneously into the culture medium during growth of gram-positive bacteria. LTA functions as an immune activator with characteristics very similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. LTA binds to CD14 and triggers activation predominantly via Toll-like receptor 2. Although LTA is internalized and traffics to the Golgi, the cellular activation in response to LTA occurs at the cell surface.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
55
Concentration:
> 200 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hogg;S et al. journal of systematic bacteriology 1997; 47:62
References 2:
Langevelde, P et al Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998, 42: 3073
References 3:
Langevelde; P et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43: 2984
References 4:
Triantafilou M et al. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 40882
p120 catenin is encoded on chromosome 11q11. Alpha-catenin and beta-catenin bind to the intracellular domain of E-cadherin while p120 catenin binds E-cadherin at a juxta-membrane site. The complex stabilizes tight junctions. In the cell, p120 catenin localized to the E-cadherin/catenins cell adhesion complex, directly associates with cytoplasmic C-terminus of E-cadherin and may similarly interact with other cadherins. A deficiency of E-cadherin results in the intracytoplasmic accumulation of p120 catenin. Lobular carcinoma of the breast shows intracytoplasmic accumulation of p120 catenin while ductal carcinoma shows reduced membrane p120 catenin without cytoplasmic accumulation. In gastric and colonic carcinoma, strong cytoplasmic p120 catenin is associated with discohesive infiltrative morphology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reynolds AB, et al. Oncogene.; 7:2439-45 (1992)
References 2:
Thoreson MA, et al. J Cell Biol.; 148:189-202 (2000)
References 3:
Sarrio D, et al. Oncogene.; 23:3272-83 (2004)
References 4:
Dabbs DJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 31:427-37 (2007)
Mannose Binding Lectin (MBL) also called mannose- or mannan-binding protein (MBP) is a member of the group of collectins. MBL is an oligomeric lectin that recognizes carbohydrates as mannose and N-acetylglucosamine on pathogens. MBL contains a cysteine rich, a collagen like and a carbohydrate recognition domain. It forms a complex with C1r/C1s like serine proteases designated MASPs that proteolytically cleave C4, C2 and C3. MBL is able to activate the complement pathway independent of the classical and alternative complement activation pathways. The MBL-MASP pathway (better known as the lectin pathway) is antibody and C1q-independent. MBL exhibits complement-dependent antibacterial activity and acts directly as an opsonic and therefore plays an important role in innate immunity. MBL is synthesized by hepatocytes and has been isolated from the liver or serum of various vertebrate species.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3,00E+07
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matsushita; M et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 183: 645
CD31 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, 130-140 kDa, also designated platelet-endothelium cell adhesion molecule = PECAM-1, belonging to the immunoglobulin super family. CD31 is ligand for CD38 and plays a role in thrombosis and angiogenesis. CD31 is strongly expressed in endothelial cells and weakly expressed in megakaryocytes, platelets, occasional plasma cells, lymphocytes (esp. marginal zone B-cells, peripheral T-cells) and neutrophils. Pre-treatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0 for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Tonsil. Staining Membranous
CD3 is presented on all resting and activated human T-cells, on T-leukemia cells and a proportion of human thymocytes. CD3 plays an important role in the assembly and expression of the T-cell receptor complex. Furthermore it functions as a signal transductor. SPV-T3b reacts with human CD3 also designated as T3 with a molecular weight of 20-26 kDa. SPV-T3b recognizes also the T3 molecular complex.
The antibody reacts with human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR). The mAb has lymph node germinal center and mantle zone B cell reactivity. It reacts with interdigitating histiocytes in T cell zones and with sinus histiocytes and endothelial cells. It has also tumor specificity and reactivity with normal non-lymphoid tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LN-3
Concentration:
250 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
serumfree culture supernatant with 0.7% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
PAX8 antibody recognizes a protein of 62kDa, identified as PAX8. It is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. This nuclear protein is involved in thyroid follicular cell development and expression of thyroid-specific genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with thyroid dysgenesis, thyroid follicular carcinomas, and atypical thyroid adenomas. PAX8 is expressed in the thyroid (and associated carcinomas), non-ciliated mucosal cells of the fallopian tubes, and simple ovarian inclusion cysts, but normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. PAX8 is expressed in a high percentage of ovarian serous, endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas, but only rarely in primary ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas. PAX8 antibody may be used as an additional immunohistochemical marker for renal epithelial tumors. Pre-treatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0 for 20 minutes, is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Renal Cell Carinoma. Staining Nuclear
CD44, also designated Pgp-1 or H-CAM, is a broadly distributed 85 kD protein. Amongst haematopoietic cells CD44 is expressed on B and T lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. Other CD44-positive cell types include epithelial cells, glial cells, fibroblasts and myocytes. This broad distribution suggest a general role in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. CD44 is involved in T cell activation and adhesion. Triggering of CD44 increases homotypic T cell aggregation mediated via LFA-1. CD44 is linked to the cytoskeleton. Furthermore CD44 has an accessory role in lymphocyte adhesion to high endothelial venules.
Recognizes a protein of 150kDa, which is identified as the high molecular weight variant of Caldesmon. Two closely related variants of human caldesmon have been identified which are different in their electrophoretic mobility and cellular distribution. The h-caldesmon variant (120150kDa) is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle whereas l-caldesmon (7080kDa) is found in non- muscle tissue and cells. Neither of the two variants has been detected in skeletal muscle. This MAb recognizes only the 150kDa variant (h-caldesmon) in Western blots of human aortic media extracts and is unreactive with fibroblast extracts from cultivated human foreskin. Caldesmon is a developmentally regulated protein involved in smooth muscle and non-muscle contraction. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Uterus, blood cessels, smooth muscle or leiomyosarcoma. Staining Cytoplasmic
p63 is a homolog of the tumor suppressor p53. It is identified in basal cells in the epithelial layers of a variety of tissues, including epidermis, cervix, urothelium, breast and prostate. p63 was detected in nuclei of the basal epithelium in normal prostate glands; however, it was not expressed in malignant tumors of the prostate. As a result, p63 has been reported as a useful marker for differentiating benign from malignant lesions in the prostate, particularly when used in combination with markers of high molecular weight cytokeratins and the prostate-specific marker AMACR (P504S). p63 has also been shown to be a sensitive marker for lung squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC), with a sensitivity of ~90%. Specificity for lung SqCC, vs. lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), is approximately 80%. In breast tissue, p63 has been identified in myoepithelial cells of normal ducts. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Breast, Prostate, Prostate carcinoma or lung or bladder squamous cell carcinoma
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TP63/11
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yang A, et al. Mol Cell 1998;2:305-16
References 2:
Signoretti S, et al Am J Pathol 2000;157:1769-75
References 3:
Yang A, et al. Nature 1999;398:714-18
References 4:
Barbareschi M. et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2001 Aug;25(8);1054-60
References 5:
Werling RW, et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2003 Jan;27(1):82-90
The monoclonal antibody M177 recognizes CD46, also designated membrane cofactor protein (MCP). CD46 is a 45-70 kDa protein with genetic and tissue-specific heterogeneity. It is expressed on every cell and tissue, with the exception of erythrocytes. CD46 serves to inhibit complement activation on host tissue. It performs this function by serving as a cofactor which binds to C3b and C4b. This binding is permitted by factor I, a serine protease of plasma, to degrade C3b and C4b and serves to protect the host cell against autologous attack. It also serves as a receptor for measles virus.<br /> Four isoforms of CD46 predominate and arise by alternative splicing of a single CD46 gene. CD46 cDNA encodes a signal sequence followed by four complement control protein domains (also called short consensus repeats (SCR)). The monoclonal antibody M177 reacts with the SCR2 domain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M177
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Seya; T et al. J Immunol 1990; 145: 238
References 2:
Iwata, K et al J Biol Chem 1995, 270: 15148
References 3:
Kurita-Taniguchi; M et al. J Immunol 2000; 165: 5143
References 4:
Kurita-Taniguchi M et al. Mol Immunol 2001; 38: 689
Human C9 is a soluble glycoprotein of 61 kD. It is the last component in the assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC). When the complement is activated on target membranes, multiple copies of C9 bind to the C5b-8 complex and assemble the barrel-shaped pore which causes cell lysis. The conformation of C9 changes from globular to a tubular form. The binding of C9 to C5b-8 plays a key role in the function of C9.
Signaling from the ligand-activated membrane receptor serine/threonine kinases to nuclear targets is mediated by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as SMADs. Upon ligand binding, the receptors of the TGF-? family phosphorylate SMAD proteins (SMAD1 and SMAD2). These proteins then move into the nucleus, where they activate transcription. To carry out this function, the receptor activated SMAD 1 and 2 require association with the product of deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4 (DPC4), also known as SMAD4. SMAD4/DPC4 is also implicated as a tumor suppressor, since it is inactivated in more than half of pancreatic carcinomas and to a lesser extent in a variety of other cancers. The lack of SMAD4 expression is present in approximately 80% of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but rarely in endometrial (0%), colorectal (0%), ovarian (3%), lung (0%), breast (2%) adenocarcinomas, and malignant melanoma (4%). SMAD4 is an important marker for confirming a diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas with SMAD4 protein expression had significantly longer survival than SMAD4 negative patients. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, or in 50 mM Tris buffer pH9.5, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Pacreatic adenocarcinoma. Staining Nuclear.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B-8
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Purified
Storage buffer:
Purified antibody fraction from mouse anti-serum with 0.2% BSA and 15mM sodium azide
S100P is a member of the S100 family of proteins. The family is expressed in a wide range of cells and is thought to play a role in cell cycle progression and in differentiation. Anti-S100P with nuclear or nuclear/cytoplasmic immunoreactivity can be seen in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, while it is rarely detectable in benign pancreatic ducts. It may also help to distinguish urothelial carcinomas from other genitourinary neoplasms such as prostate carcinoma
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
16/f5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lin F, et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32:78-91
References 2:
Deng HB. Am J Clin Pathol 2008; 129:81-8
References 3:
Nakata K et al. Hum Pathol 2010; 41:824-31
References 4:
Higgins JP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2007; 31:673-80
Recognizes a 67kDa transmembrane protein, which is identified as CD5. The CD5 antigen is found on 95% of thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed in T cell areas. CD5 is expressed by many T cell leukemia, lymphomas, and activated T cells. Occasionally, CD5 antigen is also expressed on a subset of B cells. Mantle cell lymphomas (same as diffuse centrocyte lymphomas) are CD5+ while the follicle center cell lymphoma is CD5-negative. This MAb is superb for identifying the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mantle cell lymphomas. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Tonsil. Staining Membranous.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C5/473
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ferry JA et. al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 1996, 105(1):31-7.
References 2:
Gagneten D et. al. Diagnostic Cytopathology, 1996, 14(1):32-7.
Recognizes a phosphor-protein of 45kDa, identified as MyoD1. The epitope of this MAb maps between amino acid 180-189 in the C-terminal of mouse MyoD1 protein. It does not cross react with Myogenin, Myf5, or Myf6. Antibody to MyoD1 labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissues. MyoD1 is not detected in normal adult tissue but is highly expressed in the tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcomas. Occasionally nuclear expression of MyoD1 is seen in ectomesenchymoma and a subset of Wilms tumors. Weak cytoplasmic staining is observed in several non-muscle tissues, including glandular epithelium and in rhabdomyosarcomas, neuroblastomas, Ewings sarcomas and alveolar soft part sarcomas. Pre-treatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, or in 50 mM Tris buffer pH9.5, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Rhabdomyosarcoma. Staining Nuclear (only nuclear staining should be considered as evidence of skeletal muscle differentiation).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
5.8A
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Thulasi R et. al. Cell Growth and Differentiation, 1996, 7(4):531-41.
References 2:
Wesche WA et. al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 1995, 19(3):261-9.
Monoclonal antibody PR3G-2 reacts with human proteinase 3 (PR3), a 30 kDa protein. PR3 is a major antigen recognized by autoantibodies directed against cytoplasmic proteins of neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes (called anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA)). ANCA are able to activate primed neutrophils to produce oxygen radicals and release lytic enzymes, including PR3. Proteinase 3 (PR3) was identified as the target antigen of ANCA in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). ANCA directed against PR3 (PR3-ANCA) can interfere with the binding of PR3 to its physiological inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) and with the proteolytic activity of PR3. At the site of inflammation, PR3 can cleave the PR3-ANCA complex between these inhibiting ANCA and PR3 itself, leaving active PR3. Autoantibodies to PR3 are potent activators of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in primed human neutrophils. Extracellular free arachidonic acid, as present at an inflammatory focus, synergizes with such autoantibodies to evoke full-blown lipid mediator generation, granule secretion and respiratory burst. Proteinase 3 (PR3) is a neutral serine proteinase, which is localized in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and in granules of monocytes and can be detected in the membrane of secretory vesicles. PR3 degrades a number of extracellular matrix proteins such as elastin and inactivates human C1 inhibitor. Membrane-associated PR3 is also able to activate caspase-3 without triggering apoptosis of neutrophils, which is possibly a neutrophil survival mechanism. In addition, PR3 is involved in myeloid differentiation and is, therefore, also called myeloblastin. The monoclonal antibody PR3G-2 was produced by immunization of mice with a crude granule extract.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PRG-2
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Geld van der; Y et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 118: 487
CD33, also known as gp67 or SIGLEC-3, is a 67 kDa glycosylated transmembrane protein that is a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec) family. Although the precise physiological function of CD33 is unknown, it may mediate cell to cell adhesion and modulate inflammatory and immune response. In normal tissue, anti-CD33 labels myeloid cells (especially myeloid precursors), liver Kupffer cells, lung alveolar macrophages, and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. In neoplastic tissue, anti-CD33 is useful for the identification of acute myeloid leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PWS44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Freeman SD, et al. Blood. 1995; 85:2005-12
References 2:
Laszlo GS, et al. Oncotarget. 2016; 7:43281-94
References 3:
Crocker, PR et al. Biochem Soc Symp 2002; 69:83-96
GCDFP-15 is a 15 kD glycoprotein which is localized in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium lining breast cysts and in apocrine glands in the axilla, vulva, eyelid, ear canal, and in salivary glands. GCDFP-15 positivity is seen in breast carcinomas. On the other hand, colorectal carcinomas, lung carcinoma, mesotheliomas rarely stain with this antibody. Because of its specificity for breast carcinoma, this antibody is often helpful in distinguishing metastasis of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
23A3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mazoujian G, et al. Am J Pathol. 1983; 110:105-12
References 2:
Liegl B, et al. Histopathology. 2007; 50:439-47
References 3:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 4:
Tornos C, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29:1482-9
References 5:
Takeda Y, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:239-43
Galectin-3 is a 30-kD protein, a member of the beta-galactosidase-binding lectin family. Galectin-3 is associated with cell growth, adhesion, inflammation, mRNA processing, and apoptosis. Reportedly, Galectin-3 aberrant expression is related to malignant transformation and metastasis in carcinomas of the breast, colon and thyroid. Galectin-3 reactivity can be seen in the nucleus of neutrophils, vascular endothelium, carcinomas of the colon, breast, and thyroid. Galectin-3 may be useful in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms. Galectin-3 may also be useful in the identification of certain liver disorders.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9C4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Orlandi F, et al. Cancer Res. 1998; 58:3015-20
References 2:
Bartolazzi A, et al. Lancet. 2001; 357:1644-50
References 3:
Papotti M, et al. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002; 147: 515-21
The antibody is an antibody to high molecular weight cytokeratin that reacts with all squamous and ductal epithelium and stains carcinomas. This antibody recognizes cytokeratins 1,5,10, and 14 that are found in complex epithelia. Anti-Cytokeratin, 34betaE12 shows no reactivity with hepatocytes, pancreatic acinar cells, proximal renal tubules, or endometrial glands; there has been no reactivity with cells derived from simple epithelia. Mesenchymal tumors, lymphomas, melanomas, and neural tumors are unreactive with this antibody with some exceptions. Anti-Cytokeratin, 34betaE12 does label myoepithelial cells and has been shown to be useful in distinguishing prostatic adenocarcinoma from hyperplasia of the prostate. This antibody has also been useful in separating benign from malignant intraductal breast proliferations.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
34betaE12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gown AM, et al. Am J Pathol. 1984; 114:309
References 2:
OMalley FP, et al. Virch Arch A. 1990; 417:191-6
References 3:
Wojno KJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995; 19:251-60
References 4:
Moinfar F, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999; 23:1048-58
Synthetic peptide derived from the carboxy terminal region of the human CD8 alpha chain coupled to a N-terminal cysteine, with the sequence C-KSDGKPSLSARYV. The peptide was coupled to bovine serum albumin and keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 recognizes the human CD8 cell surface antigen, a ~32 kDa glycoprotein expressed by the cytotoxic/suppressor subset of T-cells and weakly by NK cells. Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 was raised based on an earlier successful strategy used to generate rabbit polyclonal antibodies against human CD8 employing the same immunizing peptide (Mason et al. 1992).Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 has been reported as being suitable for use in Western blotting (Williamson et al. 1998) .
The monoclonal antibody 265-1K1 reacts with human lactoferrin (LF), an 80 kDa glycoprotein. Lactoferrin was first isolated from human milk and plays an important part in the immune system and helps to fight infections. Lactoferrin promotes the health of the gastro-intestinal system by improving the intestinal microbial balance. In addition, LF can be found in epithelia and most body fluids and secretions. Lactoferrin is secreted in plasma by neutrophils. Its plasma concentration also represents a positive relation to the total pool of neutrophils and the rate of neutrophil turnover. In inflammation lactoferrin is released from secondary granules of neutrophilic leukocytes into the extracellular medium. Therefore the extracellular lactoferrin concentration can be used as an index for neutrophil activation. Lactoferrin strongly binds to iron and this iron binding property is considered to be an important antimicrobial. Human lactoferrin binds to bacterial products through its highly positively charged N-terminus, it kills various bacteria, most probably by inducing intracellular changes in these bacteria without affecting the membrane permeability. Cleavage by pepsin of lactoferrin leads to the release of lactoferricin H. This 47 amino acid peptide has more antimicrobial activity than its precursor and it can inhibit the classical but not the alternative complement pathway. Lactoferrin also plays a role in signal transduction, immunomodulation and has antiadhesive, anticancer, antiviral activity.
CD11c is an adhesion receptor of the leukocyte function-associated family of molecules. Reportedly CD11c is expressed in hairy cell leukemia whereas the majority of other small B-cell lymphomas do not express CD11c antigen. This indicates that immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed biopsies with anti-CD11c can be useful for identification of hairy cell leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
5D11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Korinna, J et al. Pathobiology 2008; 75:252256
References 2:
Jones, G et al. Br J Hemaetol 2011; 156:186-195
References 3:
Went, PT et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29:474478
References 4:
Miranda, RN et al. Modern Pathology 2000; 13:13081314
Transcription factors containing the POU homeo domain have been shown to be important regulators of tissue-specific gene expression in lymphoid and pituitary differentiation and in early mammalian development. POU domain proteins contain a bipartite DNA-binding domain divided by a flexible linker that enables them to adopt various monomer configurations on DNA. The versatility of POU protein operation is additionally conferred at the dimerization level. Oct-3 (also known as Oct-4) is a mammalian POU transcription factor expressed by early embryo cells and germ cells. Oct-3/4 is essential for the identity of the pluripotential founder cell population in the mammalian embryo. A critical amount of Oct-3/4 is required to sustain stem-cell self renewal, and up or down regulation induce divergent developmental programs. Two isoforms of Oct-3, termed Oct-3A and Oct-3B, are generated by alternative splicing. The gene which encodes Oct-3/4 maps to human chromosome 6p21.3. Oct-3/4 (C-10) is recommended for detection of Oct-3A (Oct-4) and Oct-3B of mouse, rat and human origin by Western Blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and paraffin immunohistochemistry. Pre-treatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, or in 50 mM Tris buffer pH9.5, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Seminoma or embryonal carcinoma. Staining Nuclear
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-10
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Purified
Storage buffer:
Purified antibody in PBS with 0.2 % BSA and 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Drocourt, L., et al. 2002, J. Biol. Chem. 277: 25125-25132.
References 2:
Fong, Y.W., et al. 2011, Cell 147: 120-131.
References 3:
Wang, J., et al. 2011, Cancer Res. 71: 7238-7349.
References 4:
Rijlaarsdam, M.A., et al. 2011, Br. J. Cancer 105: 854-863.
The monoclonal antibody 265-3K1 recognizes human leukocyte elastase. Leukocyte elastase, a major serine proteinase in man, is predominantly present in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and monocytes. Elastase has a broad range of extracellular matrix substrates including elastin, proteoglycans, collagen and fibronectin. The action of elastase is controlled by serine proteinase inhibitors. Elastase, when released during inflammation, is rapidly bound by its two main inhibitors, alpha1-PI and alpha2-macroglobuline to form elastase-inhibitor complexes. In addition mucosa secretions may contain the locally secreted elastase inhibitors elafin/SKALP and SLPI. When secreted at sites of inflammation elastase can cause severe tissue damage. An important role has been suggested for human elastase in various inflammatory disorders, including pulmonary emphysema, sepsis, arthritis, nephritis and certain skin diseases. Elastase induces the production of IL-8 in human bronchial epithelial, a proces that occurs in part through TLR4.
The expression of MDM2 is itself, induced by p53 and may be a way for p53 to self-regulate its activity during the normal cell cycle. However, overexpression of MDM2 results in the loss of p53-regulated growth control and consequently, deregulated cell proliferation. MDM2 also binds to the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (Rb) and inhibits its growth regulatory function. MDM2 can directly augment proliferation by binding to two transcription factors E2F1 and DP1 and stimulating the activity of the S-phase inducing E2F1/DP1 heterodimer. MDM2 migrates at a reduced molecular weight of ~95 kDa. The SMP14 clone has been reported to recognize human, mouse and rat MDM2 while exhibiting a slight cross-reactivity with cytokeratins 6, 14 and 16 in some experimental systems. In the immunoprecipitation application, SMP14 has been reported to precipitate MDM2 and p53-MDM2 complexes. MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells (ATCC HTB-22) and NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts (ATCC CRL-1658) are suggested as western blot and immunoprecipitation positive controls. SMP14 has been reported to be useful for the immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed, frozen sections and of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. In addition to a nuclear staining of MDM2, cytoplasmic staining may also be observed which is likely to be attributable to the slight cross reactivity of the SMP14 clone with cytokeratins. Control tisse Breat carcinoma. Staining Nuclear
CD7 antigen is a 40-kDa cell surface glycoprotein that is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. While its precise function is not known, it is suggested that CD7 plays a role in T-cell interactions as it is one of the earliest T-cell lineage associated antigens expressed during T-cell ontogeny. CD7 is expressed in thymocytes, mature peripheral T-cells, natural killer cells, and lymphoid and myeloid progenitors. CD7 is the most consistently expressed T cell antigen in lymphoblastic lymphomas and leukemias, and is therefore a useful marker in the identification of such neoplastic proliferations. In mature post-thymic T cell neoplasms, it is the most common pan-T antigen to be aberrantly absent and its absence in a T cell population is a useful pointer to a neoplastic conversion.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-56
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hodak E, et al. J Am Acad Derma¬tol. 2006 Aug;55(2):276-84
References 2:
Stillwell R, et al. Immunol Res. 2001; 24:31-52
References 3:
Schanberg LE, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991; 88:603-7
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily, is an important protein in the regulation of fibrinolysis. PAI-1 is unique among the serpins because of its functional and conformational flexibility. PAI-1 is the most important physiological inhibitor of both tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u- PA). Increased PAI-1 levels are associated with thrombotic events and is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The active conformation PAI-1 inhibits its target proteinases by the formation of a stable, inactive complex. Although PAI-1 is synthesized as an active molecule, it converts spontaneously to an inactive, latent form that can be partially reactivated by denaturing agents. In addition, a third conformation reacting as a non-inhibitory substrate towards various target proteinases has been identified.<br /> The epitope of monoclonal antibody MA-33H1F7 is predominantly composed of three residues (Lys154/Glu130/Arg131), positioned virtually linearly in the three-dimensional structure. The epitope of the antibody does not cover the complete alpha-helix F and turn connecting alpha-helix F and beta-strand s3A, but is restricted to the hinge region between alpha-helix F and the main part of the PAI-1 molecule.<br /> The monoclonal antibody MA-33H1F7 is a âswitchingâ antibody, capable of inducing a non-inhibitory substrate form of PAI-1. It was shown to inhibit PAI-1 in a dose dependent manner.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MA-33H1F7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Debrock; S et al. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1337: 257
Recognizes a protein of -55kDa, identified as SOX I 0. This MAb is highly specific and does not cross-react with other members of the SOX-family. SOX genes comprise a family of genes that are related to the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY. These genes similarly contain sequences that encode for the HMG-box domain, which is responsible for the sequence-specific DNA binding activity. SOX-10 is a sensitive marker of melanoma, including conventional, spindled, and desmoplastic subtypes. It is expressed by metastatic melanomas and nodal capsular nevus in sentinel lymph nodes, but not by other lymph node components such as dendritic cells, which usually express S I 00 protein. Commonly used melanoma markers, such as anti-HMB-45 and anti-Melan-A, are poorly expressed in desmoplastic melanomas while SOX-10 is moderately to strongly expressed in desmoplastic melanomas. SOX- 10 is considered as a very reliable marker for recognizing residual desmoplastic melanomas. In normal tissues, it is expressed in Schwann cells, melanocytes, and myoepithelial cells of salivary, bronchial and mammary glands. SOX-I 0 expression is also observed in mast cells. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Melanomas, breast carcinomas, gliomas. Staining Nuclear
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SOX10/1074
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mohamed A, et al, Mol Morphol. 2013; 21(6):506-10.
The antibody reacts with a protein determinant of the extra cellular domain of the human EGFR, and does not cross react with EGFR from murine cells. The antibody shows binding competition with EGF. The antibody reacts in immunoprecipitation with the functional EFR protein-tyrosine kinase complex.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2E9
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA & 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Defize L.H.K, et al. The Journal of Cellbiology. 1989: 109:2495-2507
References 2:
Van der Burg M.E.L, et al. Eur J Cancer. 1993: Vol29A, No 14: 1951-1957
The anti-CD43 antibody recognizes a cell surface glycoprotein of 95/115/135kDa (depending upon the extent of glycosylation), identified as CD43. 70-90% of T-cell lymphomas and from 22-37% of B-cell lymphomas express CD43. No reactivity has been observed with reactive B-cells. So, a B-lineage population that co-expresses CD43 is highly likely to be a malignant lymphoma, especially a low-grade lymphoma, rather than a reactive B-cell population. When CD43 antibody is used in combination with anti-CD20, effective immunophenotyping of the lymphomas in formalin-fixed tissues can be obtained. Co-staining of a lymphoid infiltrate with anti-CD20 and anti-CD43 argues against a reactive process and favors a diagnosis of lymphoma. Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, or in 50 mM Tris buffer pH9.5, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Tonsil. Staining Membranous.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DF-T1
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong A, Cooper K, Leong F. London: Oxford University Press; 1999. p. 91-2.
References 2:
Stross WP, Warnke RA, Flavell DJ, Flavell SU, Simmons D, Gatter KC, et al. J Clin Pathol 1989; 42:953-61.
References 3:
de Smet W, Walter H, van Hove L.. Immunology 1993;79:46-54.
The monoclonal antibody B2C10 reacts with galectin-3, a 30 kDa protein. Galectin-3 is a member of the galectin family. The protein is composed of three domains: a small amino-terminal domain, a carboxyl-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and amino-terminal domain containing repeating elements. Galectin-3 is normally distributed in epithelia of many organs and various inflammatory cells, including macrophages, as well as dendritic cells and Kupffer cells. The expression of this lectin is up-regulated during inflammation, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and through trans-activation by viral proteins. The expression is also affected by neoplastic transformation: up-regulated in certain types of lymphomas and thyroid carcinoma, while down-regulated in other types of malignancies, such as colon, breast, ovarian and uterine carcinomas.</br> Galectin-3 has been shown to function through both intracellular and extracellular actions. Related to its intracellular functions, galectin-3 has been identified as a component of heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein (hnRNP), a factor in pre-mRNA splicing, and has been found to control cell cycle and prevent T cell apoptosis. On the other hand, this protein has also been demonstrated to function as extracellular molecule in activating various types of cells, including monocytes/macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Galectin-3 has been shown to mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions.</br> The monoclonal antibody B2C10 inhibits the binding of 125I-labeled galectin-3 to IgE coated on microtiter plates, the galecin-3âs hemagglutination activity and galectin-3-induced superoxide production by human neutrophils. This inhibitory activity of B2C10 is probably the result of its disruption of the self-association process.</br> The epitope of the monoclonal antibody B2C10 is found within the first 45 amino acids of galectin-3. The antibody B2C10 does not react with Galecin-3C and is cross reactive with mouse galectin-3.
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is the glycolytic isoenzyme of the enolase gamma-gamma dimer specifically detected in neurons of neuroendocrine cells, and their corresponding tumors. In addition, NSE has been demonstrated immunohistochemically in the non-neoplastic cells of the pituitary, peptide secreting tissues, pineolocytes, neuroendocrine cells of the lung, thyroid, parafollicular cells, adrenal medulla, islets of Langerhans, Merkel cells of the skin, and melanocytes. Anti-NSE immunostaining is also positive in normal striated muscle, hepatocytes and, to a lesser extent, smooth muscle. Anti-NSE is a useful marker to identify peripheral nerves.5 When used for the identification of neuroendocrine differentiation, it is suggested that it be employed in a panel with more specific markers such as anti-synaptophysin, anti-chromogranin, and anti-neurofilament.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-55
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wick MR, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1983; 79:703-7
References 2:
Vinores SA, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1984; 108:536-40
This monoclonal antibody binds to human PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1; CD31) a specific component of endothelial cell junctions. PECAM-1 is also expressed in platelets and leukocytes.
The asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor is a transmembrane hepatocellular surface carbohydrate binding glycoproteins lacking terminal sialic acid residues (asialoglycoproteins). Characterization of the ASGP receptor- revealed its functional role in the binding, internalization and transport of a wide range of glycoproteins, which have exposed galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues, via the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). The ASGP receptor can bind a variety of important plasma proteins including transport proteins (i.e. transferrin), enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, immunoglobulins including IgA, apoptotic hepatocytes, fibronectin and platelets. Additionally, the expression of the ASGP receptor has been clinically correlated to the level of hepatic function that is lost during liver diseases related to cancer, viral hepatitis, and cirrhosis. The ASGP receptor consists of major and minor subunits, which in the rat were identified as rat hepatic lectin (RHL) 1 and RHL 2/3, with molecular weights of respectively 42, 49 and 54 kDa. The selective binding (calcium and pH depended) and uptake of terminal galactosyl bearing proteins requires the formation of hetero-oligomers between these major and minor forms. The total ASGP receptor population consisted of two functionally distinct receptor populations, designated State 1 and State 2, which were involved in the endocytosis and intracellular processing of ligands by different pathways. The monoclonal antibody 8D7 recognizes a subunit-specific epitope on RHL-1 of rat ASGPR. The monoclonal antibody 8D7 is cross reactive with human ASGPR.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8D7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mizuno; M et al. Gastroenterol Japan 1986; 21: 238
Human germinal center associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein is specifically expressed in the cytoplasm of germinal center B-cells, but is absent in mantle and marginal zone B-cells and in the interfollicular and paracortical regions in normal tonsils and lymph nodes. Its high degree of specificity for germinal center B-cells makes anti-HGAL an ideal marker for the detection of germinal center-derived B-cell lymphomas. Anti-HGAL has the highest overall sensitivity of detecting follicular lymphoma (FL) and in detecting the interfollicular and diffuse components of FL compared with antibodies against bcl2, LMO2, CD10, and bcl6. The addition of anti-HGAL to the immunohistologic panel is beneficial in the work-up of nodal and extranodal B-cell lymphomas, and the efficacy of anti-HGAL in detecting the follicular, interfollicular, and diffuse components of FL is of particular value in the setting of variant immunoarchitectural patterns
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-49
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Natkunam Y, et al. Blood. 2005; 105:397986
References 2:
Natkunam Y, et al. Blood. 2007; 109:298-305
References 3:
Younes SF, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:1266-76
References 4:
Higgins RA, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:441-6
ECAD (syn, CD325), 120 kDA, chromosome 16q22.1 (CDH1 gene), is a critical regulator of epithelial junction formation. It interacts with the cytoskeleton through several associated proteins. The ECAD internal domain binds with alpha, beta, gamma and p120 catenins to anchor the ECAD complex to the actin cytoskeleton of the cell. ECAD is expressed in virtually all epithelial cells except for adrenocortical cells. The expression in liver cells is weaker than in most other epithelia. ECAD is also expressed in melanocytes (adhering to squamous epithelial cells). Pretreatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer , pH6.0 for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Note: Dilution of the antibody in 10% normal goat serum followed by a goat anti-mouse secondary antibody-based detection is recommended. Control tissue Pancreas, lung adenocarcinoma, breast. Staining Membranous
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is widely distributed in a number of mammalian tissues and is suggested to play an important role in various kinds of biological processes. DPP IV (CD26) is a serine-type protease that removes the amino-terminal dipeptide from peptide substrate provided that the penultimate amino acid residue is proline or alanine. DPP IV plays an important role in the reclamation of peptide nitrogen from larger peptides. The monoclonal antibody 5E8 reacts with DPP IV present on the apical surface of epithelial cells in the pancreas, small intestine, colon, and bile duct. Furthermore antibody 5E8 reacts with DPP IV on the laminar portions of the proximal renal tubule cells, and, weakly, on the glomeruli.
Monoclonal antibody 3D12 reacts with rat class B scavenger receptor type I (SR-BI). Scavenger receptors have been studied primarily for their ability to bind and internalize modified lipoproteins. They have been found in the development of atherosclerosis and other macrophage-associated functions. Scavenger receptors also function as pattern recognition receptors for a wide variety of pathogens. This finding indicates a potential role in host defense. SR-BI belongs together with CD36 to the class B scavenger receptor family. SR-BI is a multiligand membrane protein existing in various organs such as the liver and various cell types such as endothelial cells, macrophages, brain cells, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. SR-BI has been found as a receptor for phospholipids, free and (lipo)protein-bound ApoE, lipid-bound ApoA-I, HDL, hypochlorite-modified LDL and more. In liver, the PDZK-1 (and possible other PDZ domains) of SR-BI has been found to be essential for cell surface expression and, hence, reverse cholesterol transport. In the brain, the presence of SR-BI seems to be involved in the uptake of oxidatively modified lipoproteins and beta-amyloid protein complexed with ApoE, suggesting SR-BI to be an important tool for studies on neurodegenerative disorders. In the testis, SR-BI is expressed in two somatic cell types: Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. SR-BI functions at least partly as a phosphatidyl serine receptor (PSR), enabling Sertoli cells to recognize and phagocytose apoptotic spermatogenic cells at all stages of differentiation. Monoclonal antibody 3D12 blocks the biological activity of rat SR-BI. For example, it inhibits the ability of SR-BI to mediate the corporation of lipids of HDL by SR-BI expressing cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3D12
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakagawa; A et al. Develop Growth Differ 2004; 46: 283
T-bet, a T-box transcription factor, is expressed in CD4+ T-lymphocytes committed to T-helper (Th)1 Tcell development from naïve T-helper precursor cells (Thp) and redirects Th2 T-cells to Th1 development. Anti-T-bet is a marker of mature T-cells and is expressed at very low levels in Thp cells and is absent in precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cells. Scattered small lymphocytes in the interfollicular T-cell zone of reactive lymphoid tissue, including tonsil, lymph node, and spleen exhibited nuclear staining for anti-T-bet, with no anti-T-bet staining observed in germinal centers or mantle or marginal zones. T-bet is expressed in a significant subset of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly at an early stage of B-cell development (precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma), and B-cell neoplasms derived from mature B-cells, including CLL/SLL, marginal zone lymphoma, and hairy cell leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-46
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Szabo SJ, et al. Cell. 2000; 100:665-69
References 2:
Jöhrens K, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:1181-5
References 3:
Atayar C, et al. Am J Pathol. 2005; 166:127-34
References 4:
Dorfman DM, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004; 122:292-7
IgG4-related sclerosing disease has been recognized as a systemic disease entity characterized by an elevated serum IgG4 level, sclerosing fibrosis, and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with the presence of many IgG4-positive plasma cells. Clinical manifestations are apparent in the pancreas, bile duct, gall bladder, lacrimal gland, salivary gland, retroperitoneum, kidney, lung, breast, thyroid, and prostate. Immunohistochemical analyses in the case of IgG4-related sclerosing disease not only exhibit significantly more than normal IgG4-positive plasma cells in affected tissues but also significantly higher IgG4/IgG ratios (typically > 30%).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sakata N, et al., Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:553-9
References 2:
Dhobale S, et al., J Clin Rheumatol. 2009; 15:354-7
References 3:
Li Y, et al., Pathol Int. 2009; 59:636-41
References 4:
Koyabu M et al., J Gastroenterol. 2010; 45:732-41
References 5:
Kamisawa T, et al., World J Gastroenterol. 2009; 21:2357-60
Fibronectin receptor, also designated VLA-5, is a 130/150 kDa protein. The protein functions as a receptor for fibronectin and mediates binding of B and T lymphocytes to fibronectin. Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that functions in cell adhesion and migration in wound healing, embryonic development and malignant transformation. The fibronectin receptor is expressed on monocytes and monocytoid cell lines, leukocytes, memory T cells, fibroblasts, platelets and muscle cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NKI-SAM1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
te Velde; A et al. J Immunol 1988; 140: 1548
References 2:
Danen, E et al Soc for Biochem and Mol Biol 1995, 270: 21612
CD1a is a non-polymorphic, major histocompatibility complex, class I-related cell surface glycoprotein (45 to 55 kDa) and is expressed in association with ?-microglobulin. In normal tissues, anti-CD1a reacts with cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells, interdigitating cells, and rare antigen-presenting cells of the lymph node. CD1a positivity has also been seen in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X), and a subset of pre-T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (cortical T LBL/L).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP3622
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krenacs L, et al. J Pathol. 1993; 171:99-104
References 2:
Angel CE, et al. Blood. 2009; 113:1257-67
References 3:
Emile JF, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995; 19:636-41
References 4:
Stefano, AP et al. Br J Haematol. 1999; 105:394-401
Monoclonal antibody clone 5F12.1.2, anti bovine Lactoferricin B is highly specific for bovine Lactoferricin B. This peptide is derived by enzymatic cleavage of lactoferrin which is a member of the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins found in milk and other secretory fluids and also in blood. Cleavage by pepsin of bovine lactoferrin leads to the release of Lactoferricin B (aminoacid 17-41). This peptide is highly basic, possessing five Arg (R) and three Lys (K) residues. In addition, a number of Trp (W) and Phe (F) aromatic residues are present. The two Cys (C) residues from lactoferricin B form a disulfide bond, generating an almost completely cyclical peptide. Nevertheless, the disulfide bond is not required for the antimicrobial potency. Several studies have shown that Lactoferricin B has a broad-spectrum activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition the peptide has been shown to have antifungal, antiviral and antitumour activity and to bind lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxin). Moreover, it is known to stimulate the adaptive immune response and has anti-inflammatory properties. Lactoferricin B belongs to a large group of cationic antimicrobial peptides. The monoclonal antibody 5F12.1.2 is specific for bovine Lactoferricin B and detects the QWR antigenic determinant specific for bovine Lactoferricin B (3kDa), it lacks reactivity with bovine lactoferrin C-lobe, human lactoferrin or lactoferricin H. The QWR sequence recognized by the antibody 5F12.1.2 is not present in lactoferrin in human, pig, mouse, goat, rabbit, horse, rat, cockroach and African clawed frog.
CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is a calcium-independent homophilic binding protein that belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. CD56 is involved in cellcell adhesion of neural cells during embryogenesis and is expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues.1-3 In normal tissue, anti-CD56 labels neurons, glia, schwann cells, NK (natural killer) cells, and a subset of T-cells.3 CD56 expression can be seen in most NK cell neoplasms, certain subtypes of T-cell lymphoma and in some plasma cell neoplasms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-42
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Langdon, SP et al. Cancer Research 1988; 48(21):6161-6165
References 2:
Kaufmann, O et al. Hum Pathol. 1997 Dec; 28(12): 1373-8
References 3:
Tao, J et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 Jan; 26(1):111-8
References 4:
Ely, SA et al. Am J Pathol. 2002 Apr; 160(4): 1293-9
References 5:
Sumi, M et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Jan; 44(1): 201-4
Monoclonal antibody a-bC-lobe, anti bovine Lactoferrin (Lf) is highly specific for bovine Lactoferrin. This protein is a member of the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins found in milk and other secretory fluids and also in blood. It shows multifunctional properties of which the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects are the best known. The molecule is constructed with a N-terminal half molecule (N-lobe) and a C-terminal half molecule (C-lobe), each of which is composed of two domains. The biologically important functions have been found mainly in the N-lobe. The lactoferrin determinants responsible for binding to Ca2+-dependent receptor on hepatocytes are present within the C-lobe. The monoclonal antibody a-bC-lobe shows strong reactivities with both native and denatured forms of bovine lactoferrin and C-lobe. The 'WNIPMGL' sequence (467-473 of bovine lactoferrin) is the antigenic determinant or epitopic site of the anti C-lobe antibody a-bC-lobe. The antibody shows weak reactivity with human lactoferrin and korean goat lactoferrin, slight cross reactivity is seen with bovine transferrin, whereas no cross reactivity is seen with human transferrin and chicken ovotransferrin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
a-bC-lobe
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shimazaki; K et al. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 443: 41
References 2:
Nam, S et al Comp Biochem Physiol part B 1999, 123: 201
References 3:
Nam; S et al. Food and Agricultural Immunology 2002; 14: 139
The monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 recognizes mouse CD34, a single-pass type I membrane glycophosphoprotein present on small vessel endothelial cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells. The apparent molecular mass of CD34 is heterogeneous, depending on the glycosylation state in different cell types. In cultured endothelioma cell lysate, CD34 has a molecular weight of ~100 kDa, whereas in lung lysates it is ~80 kDa. 2 Isoforms of CD34 exist, both are expressed on the cell surface.CD34 is an adhesion molecule performing a role in early hematopoiesis by mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. CD34 acts as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins.CD34 is widely used as a marker to select early hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in experimental and clinical hematopoiesis. The monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 recognizes a neuraminidase sensitive epitope on endothelium in vivo, particularly on small vessels and neoformed capillaries and developing vascular structures in embryonal structures. The monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 can be used for identification and characterization of capillary endothelial cells. Furthermore, the antibody is useful for isolation and characterization of hematopoietic progenitor cells, particularly of myelomonocytic colony forming cells. Monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 is also useful for immunopurification and cell separation
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEC14.7
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Garlanda et al. Eur J Cell Biol 1997;73:368
References 2:
Dong et al. Arterioscl Thromb Vac Biol 1997;17:1599
References 3:
Solberg et al. Development 2003;130;4439
References 4:
Almholt et al. Oncogene 2003;22:4389
References 5:
Sho et al. Arterioscl Thromb Vac Biol 2004;24:1916
Mouse anti Human CD68 antibody, clone 514H12 recognizes the human CD68 cell surface antigen, a ~110 kDa glycoprotein primarily expressed by macrophages and monocytes.
The antibody reacts reacts with a cell wall component of C. jejuni and C. coli. The Hippu¬rate reaction was considered as a marker for C. jejuni. The antibody does not react with C. fetus or C. laridus.
Wilms tumor 1 protein (WT1) is a zinc finger transcription factor, normally expressed in tissues of mesodermal origin. The Wilms tumor gene encodes a protein that functions as a tumor suppressor gene. WT1 is detected in tumor cells of Wilms Tumor (also known as nephroblastoma) and mesothelioma. Additionally, WT1 expression has been found in ovarian serous carcinomas and some breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6F-H2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Charles AK; Moore IE; Berry PJ. Histopathology ; 30(4):312-4 (1997)
References 2:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol 24(4):598-606, (2000)
References 3:
Foster MR, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med; 125:1316-20 (2001)
References 4:
Nakatsuka S, et al. Mod Pathol; 19:804-14 (2006)
References 5:
May RJ, et al. Clin Cancer Res.; 13: 4547-55 (2007)
Villin is an actin-binding glycoprotein that serves an important role in the maintenance of the microvilli brush border in gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal epithelium and its associated tumors. Recent immunohistochemical studies with villin have shown that villin is not only expressed in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, but also in renal cell carcinomas, pancreatic carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, as well as carcinomas of the ovary and lungs. In addition, positive villin expression may be seen in neuroendocrine/carcinoid tumors of the GI tract and lungs.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CWWB1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Robert W. Werling et al. Am J Surg. Path.2003; 27(3):303-310
References 2:
Tamboli P. et al Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:1057-1063
References 3:
Zhang P. J. et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1999;123:812-816
References 4:
Nishizuka S et al. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5243-50
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), a member of the human herpes virus family, causes two distinct clinical manifestations: chickenpox and shingles. Primary VZV infection results in chickenpox (varicella), which may rarely result in complications including encephalitis or pneumonia. Even when clinical symptoms of chickenpox have resolved, VZV remains dormant in the nervous system of the infected person (virus latency), in the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia. In about 10-20% of cases, VZV reactivates later in life producing a disease known as herpes zoster or shingles. Serious complications of shingles include postherpetic neuralgia, zoster multiplex, myelitis, herpes ophthalmicus, or zoster sine herpete. VZV is closely related to the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Affected skin shares so many histological similarities that distinguishing between them may be difficult. Immunohistochemistry with anti-VZV appears quite sensitive and specific on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in the distinction between HSV and VZV.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SG1-1, SG1-SG4, NCP-1 & IE-62 (7 clone cocktail)
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kleinschmidt D, et al. J Neurol Sci. 1998 Aug 14; 159(2):213-8
References 2:
Kaye SB, et al. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000 Jun;84(6):563-71
References 3:
A.F. Nikkels, et al. Virchows Archiv A pathol Anat. 1993; 422:121-126
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. In non-neoplastic mammalian urothelium, UPs are expressed in the luminal surface plasmalemma of superficial (umbrella) cells, forming complexes of 16nm crystalline particles. UPIII is specific for tumors of urothelial origin and, when used in combination with other markers, can aid in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AU-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Moll R, et al. Am J Pathol. 1995; 147:1383-97
References 2:
Olsburgh J, et al. J Pathol. 2003; 199:41-9
References 3:
Parker DC, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:1-10
References 4:
Ohtsuka Y, et al. BJU Int. 2006; 97:1322-6
References 5:
Logani S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Nov;27(11):1434-41
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