B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC039
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC039
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
B7H4 is a glycosylated transmembrane protein of the B7 family. It binds to activated T cells to moderate the T cell responses via cell cycle arrest in the T cell. Reverse signaling can induce either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in the B7H4 expressing cell. B7H4 is up-regulated in several carcinomas in correlation with tumor progression and metastasis. A soluble form of B7H4 is elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis patients, also in correlation with advanced disease status.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC039
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
?
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
AUX1 (Auxin transporter protein 1) is a carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Synthesized in developing leaves and transpported to tips. Involved in lateral root formation, trichoblast polarization and root hair elongation. Required for gravitropism and thigmotropism, especially in roots, by modulating responses to auxin, ethylene and cytokinins. Needed for ammonium-mediated root-growth inhibition. Alternative names: AUX1, AUXIN RESISTANT 1, WAV5, WAVY ROOTS 5, PIR1, MAP1, MODIFIER OF ARF7/NPH4 PHENOTYPES 1, Auxin influx carrier protein 1, Polar auxin transport inhibitor-resistant protein 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana (recombinant AUX1)
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana AUX1. UniProt: Q96247, TAIR: AT2G38120
AUX1 (Auxin transporter protein 1) is a carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Synthesized in developing leaves and transpported to tips. Involved in lateral root formation, trichoblast polarization and root hair elongation. Required for gravitropism and thigmotropism, especially in roots, by modulating responses to auxin, ethylene and cytokinins. Needed for ammonium-mediated root-growth inhibition. Alternative names: AUX1, AUXIN RESISTANT 1, WAV5, WAVY ROOTS 5, PIR1, MAP1, MODIFIER OF ARF7/NPH4 PHENOTYPES 1, Auxin influx carrier protein 1, Polar auxin transport inhibitor-resistant protein 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana (recombinant AUX1)
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana AUX1. UniProt: Q96247, TAIR: AT2G38120
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 9A (ATG9A) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Plays a role in autophagy. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein (Potential). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 3 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG9 family. IN YEAST: FUNCTION: Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Recruites ATG23 and ATG8 to the pre-autophagosomal structure. SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG18, ATG2 and ATG23. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; multi-pass membrane protein. Preautophagosomal structure; preautophagosomal structure membrane; multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Pre-autophagosomal and other perivacuolar punctate structures. The proper trafficking of ATG9 between the pre-autophagosomal structure and the other punctate structures requires ATG2, ATG18, ATG23, the ATG1-ATG13 complex and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex I. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG9 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CWHRRESDESGE) corresponding to the C-terminal of human APG9A (APG9L1) protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from APG9A (APG9L1) protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:3000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 9A; APG9-like 1; Autophagy-related protein 9; APG9A; ATG9A; APG9L1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Park YE et al (2009) Autophagic degradation of nuclear components in mammalian cells. Autophagy. 2009 Aug;5(6):795-804.
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG9A (APG9L1) . Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Functions as an E1 enzyme essential for multisubstrates such as GABARAPL1 and ATG12. Forms intermediate conjugates with GABARAPL1 (GABARAPL2, GABARAP or MAP1ALC3). Formation of the final GABARAPL1-PE conjugate is essential for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with ATG3 and ATG12. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, especially in kidney, liver, lymph nodes and bone marrow. DOMAIN: The C-terminal part of the protein is essential for the dimerization and interaction with ATG3 and ATG12. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG7 family. In yeast, ATG7 appears to be required for fusion of peroxisomal and vaculuolar membranes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (DSTRDRTLDQQC) corresponding to the C-terminal of human APG7 protein conjugated to blue carrier protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from APG7 protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Non-reduced western blot : 1:100; IF: acetone or 3.7% PFA fixed cells (HJ Lim et al 2013); 1:100; Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Chiu-Wei Chen, et al (2012) Inhibition of autophagy as a therapeutic strategy of iron-induced brain injury after hemorrhage Autophagy, 8(10):1510. Chien W.S. et al (2011) Suppression of autophagy in rat liver at late stage of polymicrobial sepsis Shock. 2011 Jan 14 Lee J.E. et al (2011) Autophagy Regulates Embryonic Survival During Delayed Implantation Endocrinology. 2011 Mar 1. Ryningen A et al (2012) Inhibition of Mammalian target of rapamycin in human acute myeloid leukemia cells has diverse effects that depend on the environmental in vitro stress. Bone Marrow Res. 2012;2012:329061. Oh HA et al (2013) Uncovering a role for endocannabinoid signaling in autophagy in preimplantation mouse embryos. Mol Hum Reprod. 2013 Feb;19(2):93-101.
Specificity:
IF, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG7. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8ºC. After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog C (ATG4C) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CTVYNSDVIDKQ) corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG4C protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from ATG4C protein in mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence and WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:2000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Smuder AJ et al. (2011) Exercise protects against doxorubicin-induced markers of autophagy signaling in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Oct;111(4):1190-8.
Specificity:
IHC, ELISA and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG4C. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog B (APG4B) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Cysteine protease required for autophagy, which cleaves the C-terminal part of either MAP1LC3, GABARAPL2 or GABARAP, allowing the liberation of form I. A subpopulation of form I is subsequently converted to a smaller form (form II). Form II, with a revealed C-terminal glycine, is considered to be the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-conjugated form, and has the capacity for the binding to autophagosomes. ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm (Probable). ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 5 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mainly expressed in the skeletal muscle, followed by brain, heart, liver and pancreas. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (CLERFFDSEDED) corresponding to the C-terminus of human ATG4B protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from of ATG4B protein in mouse and rat.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:2000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
A. J. Smuder et al (2011) Exercise protects against doxorubicin-induced markers of autophagy signaling in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2011 Jul 21
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG4B. Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin-embedded.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: GABARAPL1 (GABARAPL2 or GABARAP or MAP1LC3)-modifier protein conjugating enzyme involved in its E2-like covalent binding to PE. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3 (E2-like enzyme). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Formation of the GABARAPL1-PE conjugate is essential for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG7 and ATG12. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG3 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a central region of the human ATG3 protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from ATG3 protein in mouse, rat, S. cerevisiae, Macaca mulatta (monkey) and Canis familiaris (dog).
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB, immunofluorescence. A dilution of 1:50 to 1:3000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 3; APG3; APG3-like; hApg3; Protein PC3-96 ; ATG3; APG3; APG3L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Ryningen A et al (2012) Inhibition of Mammalian target of rapamycin in human acute myeloid leukemia cells has diverse effects that depend on the environmental in vitro stress. Bone Marrow Res. 2012;2012:329061.
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG3. A 37 kDa band, that corresponds to the molecular weight of ATG3, is detected via western blot analysis. Human, rat, mouse. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 16-1 (ATG16 L1) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, ELISA, ICC.
Background Info:
ATG16 L1 plays an essential role in autophagy. It is a homooligomer ant interacts with ATG5. Part of either the minor and major complexes respectively composed of 4 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (400 kDa) or 8 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (800 kDa). APG16 L1 localises to the cytoplasm, in particularly to preautophagosomal structure (PAS) where it is involved in the membrane targeting of ATG5. There are 5 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. Genetic variation within ATG16 L1 are associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease type 1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
N-terminal of human ATG16-L1 protein conjugated to Blue Carrier Protein has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
ELISA,ICC,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
Non-reduced western blot: 1:100; IP: 1-50-1:100 (5-10 ?L/500uL lysate); ELISA: 1:2000-1:3000 direct detection only, recombinant immunogen.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 16-1; APG16-like 1; ATG16L1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Cooney R et al (2009). NOD2 stimulation induces autophagy in dendritic cells influencing bacterial handling and antigen presentation. Nat. Med. Dec 6 2009 Scharl M. et al (2011). Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 regulates autophagosome formation in human intestinal cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011 Oct 10.
Specificity:
Detects human protein via non-reduced WB, and ELISA Human, rat. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Conjugated to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal of human ATG12 protein has been used as the immunogen. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB (1-5 µg/mL working concentration), Flow Cytometry (2?g/10^6 cells). Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like; ATG12; APG12; APG12L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG12. Human, rat
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. SUBUNIT: Conjugated to ATG5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal of human ATG12 protein has been used as the immunogen. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like; APG 12; ATG12; APG12; APG12L
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG12. Human, rat
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy-related protein 10 (ATG10) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
ATG10 plays a role in autophagy. It is an E2-like enzyme involved in 2 ubiquitin-like modifications essential for autophagosome formation: ATG12-ATG5 conjugations and modificatioon of a soluble form of MAPLC3 1A, a homolog of yeast ATG8, to a membrane bound form. It is also able to directly interact either with ATG5 or ATG7.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A peptide (CLKNSQKINKNV) corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG10 protein has been used as the immunogen.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence. A dilution of 1:100 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy-related protein 10; APG10-like; ATG10
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Ryningen A et al (2012) Inhibition of Mammalian target of rapamycin in human acute myeloid leukemia cells has diverse effects that depend on the environmental in vitro stress. Bone Marrow Res. 2012;2012:329061.
Specificity:
IHC, WB and ELISA confirmed the specificity for ATG10. Human. Other species not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at minus 20ºC for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. Conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. FUNCTION: May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Colocalizes with nonmuscle actin. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. The mRNA is present at similar levels in viable and apoptotic cells, whereas the protein is dramatically highly expressed in apoptotic cells. INDUCTION: By apoptotic stimuli. PTM: Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy, but is not required for association with isolation membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG5 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG-5L. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B (see the Adjuvants in biosensis' product list) has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Flow Cytometry (2 ?g/10^6 cells), IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. Use a dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy protein 5; APG5-like; APG 5; APG5; Apoptosis-specific protein; ATG5; APG5L; ASP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
Villanueva-Paz M. et al. (2016) Amitriptyline induces mitophagy that precedes apoptosis in human HepG2 cells. Genes Cancer. 2016;7(7-8):260-277 Garrido-Maraver J. et al (2012) Screening of effective pharmacological treatments for MELAS syndrome using yeasts, fibroblasts and cybrids models of the disease Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Jul 2. De la Mata M. et al (2012) Recovery of MERRF fibroblasts and cybrids pathophysiology by Coenzyme Q10 Neurotherapeutics. 2012 Apr;9(2):446-63. Cotan D. et al. (2011) Secondary coenzyme Q10 deficiency triggers mitochondria degradation by mitophagy in MELAS fibroblasts FASEB J. 2011
Specificity:
IHC and wb confirmed the specificity for ATG5. Human, not yet tested in other species.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Rabbit anti-Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
FUNCTION: Required for autophagy. Conjugates to ATG12 and associates with isolation membrane to form cup-shaped isolation membrane and autophagosome. The conjugate detaches from the membrane immediately before or after autophagosome formation is completed. FUNCTION: May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Colocalizes with nonmuscle actin. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. The mRNA is present at similar levels in viable and apoptotic cells, whereas the protein is dramatically highly expressed in apoptotic cells. INDUCTION: By apoptotic stimuli. PTM: Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy, but is not required for association with isolation membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG5 family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal of human ATG-5L. No immunogenic carrier protein was conjugated to the immunogen. Instead, Adjukine B has been used to orchestrate/boost the immune response.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, immunofluorescence, WB. A dilution of 1:200 to 1:1000 dilution is recommended for these applications. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Autophagy protein 5; APG5-like; APG 5; Apoptosis-specific protein; APG5; ATG5; APG5L; ASP
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Product references:
E.N. Wilson et al (2011) A Switch Between Cytoprotective and Cytotoxic Autophagy in the Radiosensitization of Breast Tumor Cells by Chloroquine and Vitamin D. Horm Cancer. 2011 Sep 2. Bristol ML et al (2012) Dual functions of autophagy in the response of breast tumor cells to radiation: cytoprotective autophagy with radiation alone and cytotoxic autophagy in radiosensitization by vitamin D 3. Autophagy. 2012 May 1;8(5):739-53. Guido C et al (2012) Metabolic reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts by TGF-? drives tumor growth: connecting TGF-_ signaling with "Warburg-like" cancer metabolism and L-lactate production. Cell Cycle. 2012 Aug 15;11(16):3019-35.
Specificity:
IHC and WB confirmed the specificity for ATG5. Human, not yet tested in other species.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
AURKAIP1 mouse (Aurora kinase A-interacting protein) may act as a negative regulator of Aurora-A kinase, by down-regulation through proteasome-dependent degradation. Alternative names: 28S ribosomal protein S38, mitochondrial (MRP-S38), AURKA-interacting protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Mouse
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinat mouse AURKAIP1 protein expressed in E.coli, UniProt: Q9DCJ7
ATRX is involved in the remodeling of the nucelosome structure, and facilitate the transcription and replication. ATRX loss occurs in grades II/III astrocytomas and glioblastomas and comes together with IDH1 mutations. Detection of ATRX with IHC acts a sensitive method to identify the mutations.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Predilute
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC703
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
65252
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
ATRX is involved in the remodeling of the nucelosome structure, and facilitate the transcription and replication. ATRX loss occurs in grades II/III astrocytomas and glioblastomas and comes together with IDH1 mutations. Detection of ATRX with IHC acts a sensitive method to identify the mutations.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC703
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
65252
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
ATRX is involved in the remodeling of the nucelosome structure, and facilitate the transcription and replication. ATRX loss occurs in grades II/III astrocytomas and glioblastomas and comes together with IDH1 mutations. Detection of ATRX with IHC acts a sensitive method to identify the mutations.
Product Type:
Primary Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Concentrate
Storage Temp:
2-8 degrees Celsius
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant Protein
Applications:
IHC
Clone number:
IHC703
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
GMDN Code:
65252
UKCA Status:
UKCA
CE-IVD Status:
RUO
Positive Control:
Breast
Purification:
Affinity Purification
Buffer:
Tris Buffer pH7.6 with BSA, and sodium azide as preservative
The hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is produced by cardiomyocites and is secreted into the bloodstream. ANP acts on convoluted tubules in kidney reducing sodium absorption which results in reducing the blood pressure.
Synthetic rat Atrial natriuretic peptide (123-150 aa) conjugated to BSA.
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
A dilution of 5-10 µg/mL is recommended for immunohistochemistry using formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissues and for 4% paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissues. A dilution of 5-15 µg/mL is recommended for immunofluorescence. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Human; mouse; rat. Highly conserved and expected to interact with feline, canine, porcine, bovine, and equine ANP.
Storage:
At least 12 months after purchase at 2 - 8°C (lyophilized formulations). After reconstitution, aliquot and store at -20°C for up to 6 months for a higher stability and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent for up to 2 weeks.Avoid freeze-thaw cycles
Atrazine is a herbicide against pre- and post-emergence broadleaf and grassy weeds. It is a very persistent compound and it has been banned in the EU since 2004. Its main toxic effect is as endocrine diruptor.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°Cup to one month or in aliquots at -20 °C for long time storage. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
Host Animal:
Sheep
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated atrazine, Target: Atrazine, CAS no.: 1912-24-9 purchased from SIGMA
The specificity of the antibody was determined by measuring the cross-reactivity with a range of compounds in ELISA.Cross Reactivity%Atrazine100%Propazine150%Simazine4%Ametryn2500%Prometryn1700%Simetryn280%Terbutylazine2%Atrazine-desethyl7%Atrazine desisopropyl1%Atrazine-2-hydroxy1%Cinosulfuron<0.1%Prosulferon<0.1%Triasulfuron<0.1%Chlorpyrifos<0.1%Clofibrinezuur<0.1%Deltametrin<0.1%Diclofenac1%Etrimfos1%Erythromycine<0.1%Fenitrothion<0.1%Fenofibraat<0.1%Atrazine21%Ibuprofen<0.1%Malathion<0.1%Maleaminezuur<0.1%Metoprolol<0.1%Metacrifos<0.1%4-n-Nonylfenol2%Permetrin<0.1%Pirimifos-ethyl<0.1%Sulfadimidine<0.1%Vinclozolin<0.1%
The chloroplast ATP synthase belongs to the family of F1-type ATPases, which are also present in bacteria and mitochondria. ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy derived from a trans-thylakoidal electrochemical proton gradient. The transmembrane CF0IV subunit of appr. 25 kDa belongs to a stator part of ATP synthase and is involved in the proton translocation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at short-term 4 C, Long-term -20 . Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. It ontains 0,01% sodium azide.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658.
F-type ATPase (ATP synthase) is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. Multiple copies of the c subunit build up the ring structure (in spinach a 14-mer of ~112 kDa) of the membrane bound Fo-part of the enzyme.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Algae, Cannabis sativa, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Ostreococcus tauri, Physcomitrium patens, Pinus thunbergii, Pisum sativum, Populus alba, Zea mays, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptides derived from AtpH subunit c of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: P56760, TAIR: AtCg00140 and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii UniProt: Q37304
Please note that increased incubation at 95 C (20-30 min) prior to loading is recommended to break the multimeric c-mer structure, detection of partial ring structures (e,g, 5 or 6 subunits) may occur
Application Details:
1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
8 kDa (for Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Schulz et al. (2017). Molecular architecture of the N-type ATPase rotor ring from Burkholderia pseudomallei. EMBO Rep. 2017 Apr;18(4):526-535. doi: 10.15252/embr.201643374.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
F-type ATPase (ATP synthase) is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. Multiple copies of the c subunit build up the ring structure (in spinach a 14-mer of ~112 kDa) of the membrane bound Fo-part of the enzyme.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae, Cannabis sativa, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Pisum sativum, Populus alba, Pinus thunbergii, Zea mays, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified c subunit from Spinacia oleracea UniProt: P69447.
Note that increased incubation at 95 C (20-30 min) prior to loading is recommended to break the multimeric c-mer structure, detection of partial ring structures (e,g, 5 or 6 subunits) may occur
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 10 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
8 kDa (for Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Nath et al. (2016). A Nitrogen-Fixing Subunit Essential for Accumulating 4Fe-4S-Containing Photosystem I Core Proteins. Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec;172(4):2459-2470. Epub 2016 Oct 26.Lawrence et al. (2010). Recombinant production and purification of the subunit c of chloroplast ATP synthase. Protein Expression and Purification 76: 15-24.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested.
ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. F-type ATPases have two components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.Alternative names: ATPase subunit II, ATP synthase F(0) sector subunit b'
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Algae, Oryza sativa, Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays, Volvox carteri Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated mix of synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AtpG Q0WMW8, At4g32260 and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ATP synthase subunit b' A8J785
The chloroplast ATP synthase belongs to the family of F1-type ATPases, which are also present in bacteria and mitochondria. ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy derived from a trans-thylakoidal electrochemical proton gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at short-term 4 C, Long-term -20 . Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. It ontains 0,01% sodium azide.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Galvis et al. (2020). H+ transport by K+ EXCHANGE ANTIPORTER3 promotes photosynthesis and growth in chloroplast ATP synthase mutants. Plant Physiol. pp.01561.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01561.Koochak et al. (2019). The structural and functional domains of plant thylakoid membranes. Plant J. 2019 Feb;97(3):412-429. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14127.Lv et al. (2019). Uncoupled Expression of Nuclear and Plastid Photosynthesis-Associated Genes Contributes to Cell Death in a Lesion Mimic Mutant. Plant Cell. 2019 Jan;31(1):210-230. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00813.Gao et al. (2018). A supercomplex, approximately 720 kDa and composed of both photosystem reaction centers, dissipates excess energy by PSI in green macroalgae under salt stress. Plant Cell Physiol. 2018 Oct 8. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcy201.Koochak et al. (2018). The structural and functional domains of plant thylakoid membranes. Plant J. 2018 Oct 12. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14127. (BN-PAGE)Rantala and Tikkanen et al. (2018). Phosphorylation‐induced lateral rearrangements of thylakoid protein complexes upon light acclimation. Plant Direct Vol. 2, Issue 2.Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658. Grieco et al. (2015). Light-harvesting II antenna trimers connect energetically the entire photosynthetic machinery - including both photosystems II and I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jun-Jul;1847(6-7):607-19. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Apr 3.Yap at al. (2015). AEF1/MPR25 is implicated in RNA editing of plastid atpF and mitochondrial nad5 and also promotes atpF splicing in Arabidopsis and rice. Plant J. 2015 Jan 13. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12756.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proClin if requested
The chloroplast ATP synthase belongs to the family of F1-type ATPases, which are also present in bacteria and mitochondria. ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy derived from a trans-thylakoidal electrochemical proton gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at short-term 4 C, Long-term -20 . Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. It ontains 0,01% sodium azide.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
dicots, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, cyanobacteria including Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
isolated CF1 subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase complex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
The chloroplast ATP synthase belongs to the family of F1-type ATPases, which are also present in bacteria and mitochondria. ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy derived from a trans-thylakoidal electrochemical proton gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at short-term 4 C, Long-term -20 . Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. It ontains 0,01% sodium azide.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Ostreococcus lucimarinusm, Spinacia oleracea, Sorghum bicolor, Volvox carteri Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
isolated CF1 subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase complex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Q42687.1
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Perlaza (2021). Organelle Size and Quality Control in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii. UCSF. ProQuest ID: Perlaza_ucsf_0034D_12217. Merritt ID: ark:/13030/m5257z1d. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jg3874hPerlaza et al. (2019). The Mars1 kinase confers photoprotection through signaling in the chloroplast unfolded protein response. Elife. 2019 Oct 15;8. pii: e49577. doi: 10.7554/eLife.49577. (immunofluorescence)
The chloroplast ATP synthase belongs to the family of F1-type ATPases, which are also present in bacteria and mitochondria. ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using energy derived from a trans-thylakoidal electrochemical proton gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at at Store short-term 4 C, Long-term -20 . Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended.
This product can be sold with ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Molecular Weight:
23 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Blair et al. (2018). The Helicobacter pylori cell shape promoting protein Csd5 interacts with the cell wall, MurF, and the bacterial cytoskeleton. Mol Microbiol. 2018 Jul 24. doi: 10.1111/mmi.14087.Fristedt et al. (2015). The thylakoid membrane protein CGL160 supports CF1CF0 ATP synthase accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 2;10(4):e0121658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121658.
ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. F-type ATPases have two components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. The gamma chain is believed to be important in regulating ATPase activity and the flow of protons through the CF(0) complex. Alternative name of gamma subunit is also: F-ATPase gamma subunit.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Apparent molecular weight of subunit gamma (and as general rule most of ATP synthase subunits) is quite different between Chlamydomonas (42 kDa) and higher plants (38 kDa in spinach), see figure in Lemaire et al. (1989).
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Storti et al. (2020). The activity of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex influences the photosynthetic activity of the moss Physcomitrella patens. doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.29.924597Pralon et al. (2019). Plastoquinone homoeostasis by Arabidopsis proton gradient regulation 6 is essential for photosynthetic efficiency. Commun Biol. 2019 Jun 20;2:220. doi: 10.1038/s42003-019-0477-4.Li et al. (2019). A genome-wide algal mutant library and functional screen identifies genes required for eukaryotic photosynthesis. Nat Genet. 2019 Apr;51(4):627-635. doi: 10.1038/s41588-019-0370-6.Liang et al. (2018). Thylakoid-Bound Polysomes and a Dynamin-Related Protein, FZL, Mediate Critical Stages of the Linear Chloroplast Biogenesis Program in Greening Arabidopsis Cotyledons. Plant Cell. 2018 Jul;30(7):1476-1495. doi: 10.1105/tpc.17.00972. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that stnthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis strain PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized, in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 90 l of dest. water final concentration of the standard is 0.27 pmol/ l.Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2μg of chlorophyll will give a AtpB signal in this range.Positive control: load per well: a 2μl load is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of milliQ water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
in most gel systems AtpB migrates around 50-54 kDa
Selected references:
Fraser et al. (2013). Photophysiological and Photosynthetic Complex Changes during Iron Starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. PLOS ONE.
Special application note:
The AtpB protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-AtpB antibodies to quantitate AtpB from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the AtpB protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. This enzyme is localised in mitochondrial inner membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis cv. 'Diadom'
Expected Species:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal mitochondrial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana ATP synthase subunit beta-1 UniProt:P83483, TAIR:AT5G08670ATP synthases subunit beta-2 UniProt:P83484, TAIR: AT5G08690, ATPase subunit beta-3, UniProt: Q9C5A9, TAIR:AT5G08680, which belong to mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I.
Wei et al. (2019). Arabidopsis mtHSC70-1 plays important roles in the establishment of COX-dependent respiration and redox homeostasis. J Exp Bot. 2019 Aug 6. pii: erz357. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz357.
Special application note:
Lack of antibody reactivity was confirmed on chloroplast fraction.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Blue Native-PAGE (BN-PAGE), Immunofluorescence (IF), Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy (U-ExM), Western blot (WB)
Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.Antibody is recognizing mitochondrial form of AtpB Subota el. al (2011).This antibody can be used as a loading control for bacteria, Bacillus cereus.
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.Ripamonti et al (2022). Silencing of ATP Synthase Beta Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Doree. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(2):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020765Tanno et al. (2021) The four-celled Volvocales green alga Tetrabaena socialis exhibits weak photobehavior and high-photoprotection ability. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 26;16(10):e0259138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259138. PMID: 34699573; PMCID: PMC8547699.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 Atp Synthase, and most known bacterial F-type Atp Synthases. Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein.Anti-AtpB antibody was used as a loading control in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803.This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Acinetobacter baumannii, Algae, Cannabis sativa, Clostridium sp., Diatoms, Cyanobacteria, E.coli K-12, Vitis vinifera, Yersinia sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1 At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Blue Native-PAGE (BN-PAGE), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.Antibody is recognizing mitochondrial form of AtpB Subota el. al (2011).This antibody can be used as a loading control for bacteria, Bacillus cereus.
Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Aihara et al. (2019). Algal photoprotection is regulated by the E3 ligase CUL4-DDB1DET1. Nat Plants. 2019 Jan;5(1):34-40. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0332-5.Jespersen et al. (2017). Metabolic Effects of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl for Improving Heat or Drought Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 11;8:1224. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01224. eCollection 2017. (western blot, Agostis stolonifera cv. ‘Penncross’)Rurek et al. (2015). Biogenesis of mitochondria in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) curds subjected to temperature stress and recovery involves regulation of the complexome, respiratory chain activity, organellar translation and ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Jan 21. pii: S0005-2728(15)00016-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.01.005.Eom et al. (2014). Bacillus subtilis HJ18-4 from Traditional Fermented Soybean Food Inhibits Bacillus cereus Growth and Toxin-Related Genes. J Food Sci. 2014 Nov;79(11):M2279-87. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12569. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proClin if requested.The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 Atp Synthase, and most known bacterial F-type Atp Synthases. Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein.
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 23,3 g/ l
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C.; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Immunolocalization (IL), Immunogold (IG), Western blot (WB)
Neusius et al. (2022) Lysine acetylation regulates moonlighting activity of the E2 subunit of the chloroplast pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in Chlamydomonas. Plant J. 2022 Sep;111(6):1780-1800. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15924. Epub 2022 Aug 8. PMID: 35899410.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Nelson et al. (2019). Protein lysine methylation contributes to modulating the response of sensitive and tolerant Arabidopsis species to cadmium stress. doi: 10.1111/pce.13692.Gellert et al. (2018). A single point mutation on the cucumber mosaic virus surface induces an unexpected and strong interaction with the F1 complex of the ATP synthase in Nicotiana clevelandii plants. Virus Res. 2018 Jun 2;251:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.005. (immunogold)Quesada et al. (2011). Arabidopsis RUGOSA2 encodes an mTERF family member required for mitochondrion, chloroplast and leaf development. Plant J. Nov;68(4):738-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04726.x. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 ATP synthase and most known bacterial F-type ATP synthases, Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein
AAA2 domain is present in ATP binding proteins involved in stress response and being members of clpA/clpB family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. AtpA is the largest subunit of the membrane-extrinsic ATP synthase subcomplex.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Dicots and (including Lilium superbum) chloroplast AtpA; may cross-react with mitochondrial AtpA; Algae, Nannochloropsis gaditana, CyanobacteriaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant maize chloroplast AtpA P05022
Applications:
Immunogold (IG), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Pao et al. (2018). Lamelloplasts and minichloroplasts in Begoniaceae: iridescence and photosynthetic functioning. J Plant Res. 2018 Mar 2. doi: 10.1007/s10265-018-1020-2. (ImmunoGold)Zhang et al. (2017). Nitric oxide induces monosaccharide accumulation through enzyme S-nitrosylation. Plant Cell Environ. 2017 Sep;40(9):1834-1848. doi: 10.1111/pce.12989.Jeon et al. (2017). Functional characterization of chloroplast-targeted RbgA GTPase in higher plants. Plant Mol Biol. 2017 Nov;95(4-5):463-479. doi: 10.1007/s11103-017-0664-y.Murcha et al. (2016). Plant specific Preprotein and Amino Acid Transporter proteins are required for tRNA import into mitochondria. Plant Physiol. 2016 Oct 27. pii: pp.01519.2016.Camejo et al. (2015). Proteomic identification of mitochondrial carbonylated proteins in two maturation stages of pepper fruits. Proteomics. 2015 Aug;15(15):2634-42. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400370.Yang et al. (2015). Purification and biochemical characterization of the ATP synthase from Heliobacterium modesticaldum. Protein Expr Purif. 2015 May 12. pii: S1046-5928(15)00111-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.05.006.
Special application note:
Sequence of the protein used for eliciting this antibody is also conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana AtpA P56757
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient. AtpA is the largest subunit of the membrane-extrinsic ATP synthase subcomplex.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Colemanosphaera charkowiensis, Eudorina elegans,Gonium pectorale, Pandorina colemaniae, Pleodorina starrii, Volvox africanus, Yamagishiella unicocca Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
CF 1 alpha subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase complex isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P26526
ATG9 (Autophagy-related protein 9) is required for autophagy that plays an essential role in plant nutrient recycling. Alternative name: AtAPG9.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica campestris, Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana ATG9 protein sequence, N-terminal part, UniProt: Q8RUS5, TAIR: AT2G31260
ATG9 (Autophagy-related protein 9) is required for autophagy that plays an essential role in plant nutrient recycling. Alternative name: AtAPG9.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Plant ATG9 is most likely N-glycosylated, and glycosylated membrane proteins can migrate as more than one form in SDS-PAGE (smear); the protein most likely forms functional dimers which could be detected also after western blotting. Usage of microsomal fraction is highly recommended.
ATG8 (Autophagy-related protein 8) is involved in degradation and recycling of intracellular components in a process of autophagy. ATG8 is a molecular autophagy marker in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (P rez-P rez et al. 2010, Plant Physiol. 152: 1874-88).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
For Arabidopsis thaliana the signal obtained using ATG8 antibodies is cleaner in case of roots compare to leaf material. For best results please follow extraction protocol described in lvarez et al. (2012). ATG8 signal corresponds to the two bands of 17 kDa.Preparation of a cell extract from Arabidopsis thaliana:A. Plants were first subjected to autophagy activating conditions: nutrient (nitrogen or carbon) limitation or oxidative stress in order to activate this degradative process.B. Total protein extracts can be obtained as described by lvarez. Leaves are grinded in liquid nitrogen with a minimal volume of extraction buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8, 400 mM sucrose, 1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 10 mg/ml sodium deoxycholate, 10 g/ml of leupeptin, 10 g/ml of pepstatin A, 4% (v/v) protease inhibitor cocktail from Roche).C. Cell debris is removed by centrifuging at 500 g for 10 min at 4 C.Important note:It is recommendable to use bigger gels in order to get a better resolution of ATG8 bands. Midi-protean gels are better than mini-gels. There are 9 ATG8 isoforms and this antibody will likely recognizes all of them.For immunolocalization protocol, please inquire.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (IL), 1 : 1000-1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
15,2 | 15 kDa
Not reactive in:
Cuscuta chinensis
Selected references:
Sun et al. (2022) Genome of Paspalum vaginatum and the role of trehalose mediated autophagy in increasing maize biomass. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):7731. Published 2022 Dec 13. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35507-8Cao et al. (2022) Autophagic pathway contributes to low-nitrogen tolerance by optimizing nitrogen uptake and utilization in tomato. Hortic Res. 2022 Mar 23;9:uhac068. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhac068. PMID: 35669705; PMCID: PMC9164271.Samperna et al (2022). Cyclopaldic Acid, the Main Phytotoxic Metabolite of Diplodia cupressi, Induces Programmed Cell Death and Autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana. Toxins (Basel). 2022 Jul 11;14(7):474. doi: 10.3390/toxins14070474. PMID: 35878212; PMCID: PMC9325063.Zharova et al. (2022) Role of Autophagy in Haematococcus lacustris Cell Growth under Salinity. Plants. 2022; 11(2):197. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11020197 (immunofluorescence)Mishra et al. (2021) Interplay between abiotic (drought) and biotic (virus) stresses in tomato plants. Mol Plant Pathol. 2021 Dec 30. doi: 10.1111/mpp.13172. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34970822.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.This antibody is recognizing 1 ng of recombinant CrATG8. Antigen used to elicit this antibody is conserved from 70-80 % in following ATG protein from Arabidopsis thaliana: ATG8a UniProt: Q8LEM4 ATG8B UniProt: Q9XEB5 ATG8c UniProt: Q8S927 ATG8d UniProt: Q9SL04, ATG8e UniProt: Q8S926 ATG8f UniProt: Q8VYK7 and conserved below 70 % in: ATG8g UniProt: Q9LZZ9 ATG8h Uniprot: Q8S92This antibody does not recognize all isoforms into the same degree.
ATG8 (Autophagy-related protein) involved in degradation and recycling of intracellular components in a process of autophagy.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Recombinant ATG8 A-I of Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
Part of recombinant ATG8A from Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt:Q8LEM4,TAIR:AT4G21980
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis, Cajanus cajan, Capsicum annuum, Corchorus olitorius, Cucumis melo, Glycine max, Glycine soja, Gossypium arboreum, Juglans regia, Malus domestica, Nelumbo nucifera, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana sylvestris, Noccaea caerulescens, Prunus yedoensis var. nudiflora, Solanum chacoense, Solanum lycopersicum, Vigna radiataSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana ATG7 UniProt Q94CD5, TAIR AT5G45900
ATG7 (Autophagy-related protein 7) is an E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 and ATG8 for its conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Acts in the senescence process, degradation of damaged peroxisomes and non-selective degradation of chlorophylls and photosynthetic proteins during stress-induced leaf yellowing.Alternative names: Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme atg7, ATG12-activating enzyme E1 atg7, AtAPG7, Protein PEROXISOME UNUSUAL POSITIONING 4.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Capsella rubella , Citrus clementina, Noccaea caerulescens Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant ATG7 of Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q94CD5-1, TAIR: At5g45900, overexpressed in E.coli, collected in inclusion bodies, which were solubilized before immunization
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Doelling et al. (2002). The APG8/12-activating enzyme APG7 is required for proper nutrient recycling and senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33105-14.
Special application note:
Protein name was changed from APG7 to ATG7 after Doelling paper was published.
ATG5 (Autophagy-related protein 5) the protein forms a conjugate with ATG12 with an essential role in plant nutrient recycling. It is involved in complete proteolysis of chloroplast stroma proteins in senescent leaves and degradation of damaged peroxisomes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Recombinant ATG5 of Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
Recombinant ATG5 of Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt:Q9FFI2, TAIR:AT5G17290
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Young et al. (2019). A facile forward-genetic screen for Arabidopsis autophagy mutants reveals twenty-one loss-of-function mutations disrupting six ATG genes. Autophagy. 2019 Jun;15(6):941-959. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1569915.
Special application note:
This antibody is so far recognizing recombinant ATG5 from Arabidopsis thaliana and reactivity on endogenous protein needs to be confrimed. It does not react with 6xHis-ATG7.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
ATG5 (Autophagy protein 5) is a protein required for autophagy. Involved in a negative feedback loop that modulates NPR1-dependent salicylic acid (SA) signaling and limits senescence and immunity-related programmed cell death (PCD) in plants and a complete proteolysis of chloroplast stroma proteins in senescent leaves, in the degradation of damaged peroxisomes. Alternative names: Protein autophagy 5, AtAPG5.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum tuberosum
Immunogen:
Full length, recombinant ATG5 of Arabidopsis thaliana protein sequence UniProt: Q9FFI2-1, TAIR: At5g17290, overexpressed in E.coli
In wild-type plants almost all ATG5 is conjugated to ATG12.This item can be sold containing ProClin
Application Details:
1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
38,5 | 50 kDa (in wilde type plants) and ca, 38 kDa in autophagy defective mutants
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Thompson et al. (2005). Autophagic nutrient recycling in Arabidopsis directed by the ATG8 and ATG12 conjugation pathways. Plant Physiol. 2005 Aug;138(4):2097-110.
ATG4 (Autophagy protein 4) is a protein with cyteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in autophagy process.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Technical details how to work with this antibody are provided here: P rez-P rez et al. (2016). Control of Autophagy in Chlamydomonas Is Mediated through Redox-Dependent Inactivation of the ATG4 Protease. Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec;172(4):2219-2234.
Chen et al. (2016). The role of nitric oxide signalling in response to salt stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Planta. 2016 Sep;244(3):651-69. doi: 10.1007/s00425-016-2528-0. Epub 2016 Apr 26.P rez-P rez et al. (2016). Control of Autophagy in Chlamydomonas Is Mediated through Redox-Dependent Inactivation of the ATG4 Protease. Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec;172(4):2219-2234.
Special application note:
This antibody is recognizing 25 ng of recombinant CrATG4This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
ATG3 (Autophagy-related protein 3) is a E2 conjugating enzyme responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8. This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8. Alternative names: Autophagy-related E2-like conjugation enzyme ATG3, AtAPG3, Protein autophagy 3.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica campestris, Eutrema salsugineum, Helianthus annuus, Nicotiana tabacum, Noccaea caerulescens, Populus trichocarpa, Salvia splendens, Sisymbrium irio, Solanum tuberosum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Full length recombinant ATG3 of Arabidopsis thaliana protein sequence UniProt: Q0WWQ1-1, TAIR: At5g61500, overexpressed in E.coli
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Phillips et al. (2008). The ATG12-conjugating enzyme ATG10 Is essential for autophagic vesicle formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics. 2008 Mar;178(3):1339-53. doi: 10.1534/genetics.107.086199.
ATG1a (Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATG1a) is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in autophagy in a nutritional condition-dependent manner. The ATG1-ATG13 protein kinase complex regulates downstream events required for autophagosome enclosure and/or vacuolar delivery. Becomes a target of autophagy under nutrient starvation and connects autophagy to plant nutritional status. Alternative names: Autophagy-related protein 1a, AtAPG1a.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Noccaea caerulescensSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Full length, N-terminally HIS-tagged ATG1a of Arabidopsis thaliana protein sequence UniProt: Q94C95, TAIR: At3g61960, overexpressed in E.coli and injected as a gel piece
Antibody may also recognise ATG1b and ATG1c; does not recognise ATG1t, Suttangkakul et al. (2011).
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
69,6 | 70 kDa
Not reactive in:
Oryza sativa
Selected references:
Suttangkakul et al. (2011). The ATG1/ATG13 protein kinase complex is both a regulator and a target of autophagic recycling in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2011 Oct;23(10):3761-79. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.090993.
ATG16 (Autophagy-related protein 16) may play a role in autophagy process.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
N-terminal part of of ATG16 of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: Q6NNP0, TAIR: At5g50230
ATG13a (Autophagy-related protein 13a) is involved in autophagy in a nutritional condition dependent manner. The ATG1-ATG13 protein kinase complex regulates downstream events required for autophagosome enclosure and/or vacuolar delivery. Alternative names: AtAPG13a.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Noccaea caerulescensSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Full length, recombinant ATG13a of Arabidopsis thaliana protein sequence UniProt: F4IXZ6, TAIR: At3g49590 with N-terminal HIS-tag.
Antibody may also recognise ATG13b; multiple bands observed due to phosphorylation
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
68,4 | 70-80 kDa
Not reactive in:
Oryza sativa
Selected references:
Suttangkakul et al. (2011). The ATG1/ATG13 protein kinase complex is both a regulator and a target of autophagic recycling in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2011 Oct;23(10):3761-79. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.090993.
ATG12b (Autophagy-related protein 12b) is an Ubiquitin-like protein involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy vesicles formation. Alternative names: Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12B, APG12-like protein b, AtAPG12b.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C (short tem, months) or at -80°C(long term, years) ; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
Recombinant, full length ATG12b ofArabidopsis thaliana protein sequence UniProt: Q9LVK3-1, TAIR: At3g13970
This antibody may also recognise ATG12a; in wild-type, ATG12 is also conjugated to ATG5
Application Details:
1 : 3000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
10,4 | 12 and 50 kDa in wilde type plants and 12 kDa in some autophagy deficient mutants
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Chung et al. (2010). ATG8 lipidation and ATG8-mediated autophagy in Arabidopsis require ATG12 expressed from the differentially controlled ATG12A AND ATG12B loci. Plant J. 2010 May;62(3):483-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04166.x.
Mouse anti-Ataxin-2 binding protein 1 (A2BP1) Monoclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for WB, IHC-Frozen.
Background Info:
Fox1 is one of a family of 3 mammalian Fox1 homologues. Fox1 was discovered in C. elegans as a gene involved in sex determination, and the name Fox is an acronym of "Feminizing locus on X" (1). The C. elegans Fox1 protein and its 3 mammalian homologues are all about 46 kDa proteins and each includes a central highly conserved RRM type RNA recognition motif, which corresponds to a small ~70 amino acid structure consisting of 4 beta strands and two alpha-helices. This region is identical in all three mammalian Fox1 family proteins. An alternate name for Fox 1 is ataxin-2 binding protein 1 (A2BP1), since it was discovered in a yeast two hybrid screen using ataxin-2 as bait (2). As with the other Fox proteins, it is assumed that Fox1/A2BP1 has a role in the RNA splicing in the nervous system (3). Fox3, a protein also known as NeuN, is a widely used marker of neuronal nuclei and proximal cytoplasm (4, 5). Like Fox3, Fox1 is expressed in neuronal nuclei, but with a different pattern of expression than Fox3. For example, in the cerebellum Fox3 does not stain Purkinje neurons and Golgi neurons, but these two neuron types are stained by Fox1 antibody (6).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from PBS buffer pH 7.2-7.6 with 0.1% trehalose, without preservatives
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
N-terminal 100 amino acids of human Fox1 as expressed in and purified from E. coli.
Applications:
IHC-Frozen,WB
Clone number:
1G10
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry (IHC) and Western Blotting (WB). A dilution of 1:1,000-1:2,000 is recommended for WB. A dilution of 1:500-1:1000 is recommended for ICC. The optimal dilution should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
ataxin-2 binding protein 1 (A2BP1); RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
The antibody reacts with a 48 kDa and 46 kDa band by Western blot on extract from mouse brain. It has also been used successfully for immunocytochemistry on rat neuronal cultures.
Storage:
After reconstitution of lyophilized antibody, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
At2g21960 is an integral component of thylakoid membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Higher plants Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q9SJ03, TAIR: AT2G21960
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In analogy to many other amyloid associated disorders, alpha-synuclein may also form oligomeric assemblies. These small and soluble forms have been suggested to exert a stronger tissue damaging effect as compared to the monomeric and fibrillar counterpart. Using a recently developed technique a monoclonal oligomer-specific antibody has been designed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
For short time storage add sodium azide and store at +4°C. For long time storage store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human, mouse
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein Gly111-Tyr125
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Limegrover et al. (2021) Sigma-2 receptor antagonists rescue neuronal dysfunction induced by Parkinson's patient brain-derived a-synuclein. J Neurosci Res. 2021 Apr;99(4):1161-1176. doi: 10.1002/jnr.24782. Epub 2021 Jan 22. PMID: 33480104.Kilpel inen et al. (2019). Behavioural and dopaminergic changes in double mutated human A30P*A53T alpha-synuclein transgenic mouse model of Parkinson s disease.Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 22;9(1):17382. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54034-z.Wu et al. (2017). The critical role of Nramp1 in degrading a-synuclein oligomers in microglia under iron overload condition. Neurobiol Dis. 2017 Aug;104:61-72. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.05.001. (human, mouse, immunolocalization)Svarcbahs et al. (2016). Inhibition of Prolyl Oligopeptidase Restores Spontaneous Motor Behavior in the a-Synuclein Virus Vector-Based Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model by Decreasing a-Synuclein Oligomeric Species in Mouse Brain. J Neurosci. 2016 Dec 7;36(49):12485-12497.Br nnstr m et al. (2014). A Generic Method for Design of Oligomer-Specific Antibodies. PLoS ONE. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090857.
Special application note:
This antibody is specific to oligomers in ELISA as a capture antibody. For specific details, please check: Br nnstr m et al. (2014). A Generic Method for Design of Oligomer-Specific Antibodies. PLoS ONE. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090857.
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In analogy to many other amyloid associated disorders, alpha-synuclein may also form oligomeric assemblies. These small and soluble forms have been suggested to exert a stronger tissue damaging effect as compared to the monomeric and fibrillar counterpart. Using a recently developed technique a monoclonal oligomer-specific antibody has been designed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein Gly111-Tyr125
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In analogy to many other amyloid associated disorders, alpha-synuclein may also form oligomeric assemblies. These small and soluble forms have been suggested to exert a stronger tissue damaging effect as compared to the monomeric and fibrillar counterpart. Using a recently developed technique a monoclonal oligomer-specific antibody has been designed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
For short time storage please add sodium azide and srote at +4°C.For long time storage store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Mouse
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein Glu131-Ala140
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalization (IL)
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In analogy to many other amyloid associated disorders, alpha-synuclein may also form oligomeric assemblies. These small and soluble forms have been suggested to exert a stronger tissue damaging effect as compared to the monomeric and fibrillar counterpart. Using a recently developed technique a monoclonal oligomer-specific antibody has been designed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
For short time storage add sodium azide and store at +4°C. For long time storage store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein Glu131-Ala140
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
For short time storage add sodium azide and store at +4°C. For long time storage store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Mouse
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein N-terminal Met1-Val15
Applications:
Dot blot (Dot), ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Tanudjojo et al. (2021) Phenotypic manifestation of ?-synuclein strains derived from Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy in human dopaminergic neurons. Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 21;12(1):3817. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23682-z. PMID: 34155194; PMCID: PMC8217249.
Special application note:
This antibody will recognize human SNCA monomers and multimers in Western blot. This antibody binds weakly to fibrills in IHC.Cross reactivity of this antibody to synuclein beta was not determined.This antibody can be used as a capture antibody in ELISA, combined with AS08 358 as a detection antibody.
Alpha-synuclein is normally an unstructured soluble protein that can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy-bodies, and multiple system atrophy. In analogy to many other amyloid associated disorders, alpha-synuclein may also form oligomeric assemblies. These small and soluble forms have been suggested to exert a stronger tissue damaging effect as compared to the monomeric and fibrillar counterpart. Using a recently developed technique a monoclonal oligomer-specific antibody has been designed.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
For short time storage add sodium azide and store at +4°C. For long time storage store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
synthetic peptide derived from human alpha-synuclein N-terminal Met1-Val15
Pairing and synapsis of homologous chromosomes is required for normal chromosome segregation and the exchange of genetic material via recombination during meiosis. Synapsis is complete at pachytene following the formation of a tri-partite proteinaceous structure known as the synaptonemal complex (SC). In yeast, HOP1 is essential for formation of the SC, and localises along chromosome axes during prophase I. Homologues in Arabidopsis (AtASY1), Brassica (BoASY1) and rice (OsPAIR2) have been isolated through analysis of mutants that display decreased fertility due to severely reduced synapsis of homologous chromosomes. Analysis of these genes has indicated that they play a similar role to HOP1 in pairing and formation of the SC through localisation to axial/lateral elements of the SC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Triticum aestivum
Expected Species:
Triticum aestivum
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic pepitde chosen from Triticum aestivum ASY1 UniProt: A7TVU8
Total IgG. Protein G purified purified from Cell culture supernatant.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water/tube
Molecular Weight:
66,3 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lewandowska et al. (2021) The proteome of developing barley anthers during meiotic prophase I. J Exp Bot. 2021 Nov 10:erab494. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab494. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34758083.Darrier et al. (2019). Following the Formation of Synaptonemal Complex Formation in Wheat and Barley by High-Resolution Microscopy. Methods Mol Biol. 2020;2061:207-215. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9818-0_15.
ASY1 (Asynapsis 1) is a protein required for normal meiosis in male and female gametophytes, which plays a crucial role in coordinating the activity of DMC1. Alternative names: Meiosis-specific protein ASY1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Hordeum vulgare
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant ASY1 protein from Hordeum vulgare, UniProt: A0A8I6YI54
ASN (Glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase) is essential for nitrogen assimilation, distribution and remobilization within the plant via the phloem. ASN2 is expressed in leaf and ASN1 is expressed in floral organs. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana ASN1 and ASN2 are 76% identical. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays ASN2 are 73.6% identical.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Punica granatumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2, UniProt: Q9LV77 , TAIR: AT5G65010
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
65 | 65 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gaufichon et al. (2017). ASN1-encoded asparagine synthetase in floral organs contributes to nitrogen filling in Arabidopsis seeds. Plant J. 2017 Aug;91(3):371-393. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13567.Gaufichon et al. (2013). Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2 encoding asparagine synthetase is involved in the control of nitrogen assimilation and export during vegetative growth. Plant Cell Environ. 2013 Feb;36(2):328-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02576.x.
Special application note:
This antibody reacts with both isoforms: ASN1 and ASN2
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase ash1 is a Trithorax group (TrxG) protein that has histone methyltransferase activity. Specifically trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Drosophila melanogaster
Expected Species:
Drosophila melanogaster
Immunogen:
N-terminal GST-fusion of the peptide containing amino acids 1756-1855 of the Drosophila melanogaster Ash1protein, UniProt: Q9VW15
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kahn et al. (2016). Interdependence of PRC1 and PRC2 for recruitment to Polycomb Response Elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Aug 23. pii: gkw701. [Epub ahead of print].Lee et al. (2015). Genome-wide activities of Polycomb complexes control pervasive transcription. Genome Res. 2015 Aug;25(8):1170-81. doi: 10.1101/gr.188920.114. Epub 2015 May 18.
ARSA (targeting of tail-anchored proteins) is an arsenite transporter, localized in a cytoplasm and required for biogenesis of photosynthetic complexs.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Immunogen:
His-tagged, full length, recombinant ARSA of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, overexpressed in E.coli, Cre24.g755097 (phytozome)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Formigheri et al. (2013). Biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii requires ARSA1, a homolog of prokaryotic arsenite transporter and eukaryotic TRC40 for guided entry of tail-anchored proteins. Plant J. 2013 Mar;73(5):850-61. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12077. Epub 2012 Dec 28.
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis ARP8 shows 30 and 29% amino acid identity to yeast actin and Arabidopsis ACT2 in the regions of alignment, respectively. Because it is not closely related to yeast or human ARP8 and shows similar weak homology to yeast ARP8 and ARP9, the Arabidopsis ARP8 is considered a plant-specific orphan ARP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativusSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Antibody is recognizing following epitope, amino acids 2-26: aa 2-ILKKVWG SVWNRSNSGKDLVNHQRA-26 This antibody is recognizing the full-length 52 kDa recombinant ARP8 protein expressed in Escherichia coli as well as endogenous ARP8 of identical molecular weight in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts from different tissues: all vegetative and reproductive organs examined including seedlings, roots and siliques, with higher concentrations of the protein detected in developing flower buds and flowers within the inflorescence.
Application Details:
assay dependent
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant
Molecular Weight:
52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kandasamy et al. (2008). ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN8 encodes an F-box protein localized to the nucleolus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 49(5):858-63. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcn053.
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis ARP8 shows 30 and 29% amino acid identity to yeast actin and Arabidopsis ACT2 in the regions of alignment, respectively. Because it is not closely related to yeast or human ARP8 and shows similar weak homology to yeast ARP8 and ARP9, the Arabidopsis ARP8 is considered a plant-specific orphan ARP.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Antibody is recognizing following epitope, amino acids 447-471: SNLSIFPGPWCITRKQFRRKSRLMWThis antibody is recognizing the full-length 52 kDa recombinant ARP8 protein expressed in Escherichia coli as well as endogenous ARP8 of identical molecular weight in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts from different tissues: all vegetative and reproductive organs examined including seedlings, roots and siliques, with higher concentrations of the protein detected in developing flower buds and flowers within the inflorescence.
Application Details:
assay dependent
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant
Molecular Weight:
52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kandasamy et al. (2008). ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN8 encodes an F-box protein localized to the nucleolus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 49(5):858-63. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcn053.
Actin-related proteins (ARPs) are found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic cells, but their functions are generally understood only in the context of their presence in various yeast and animal chromatin-modifying complexes. Arabidopsis thaliana ARP6 is a clear homolog of other eukaryotic ARP6s, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARP6, which was identified as a component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Arabidopsis ARP6 is localized to the nucleus during interphase but dispersed away from the chromosomes during cell division. ARP6 expression was observed in all vegetative tissues as well as in a subset of reproductive tissues. Null mutations in ARP6 caused numerous defects, including altered development of the leaf, inflorescence, and flower as well as reduced female fertility and early flowering in both long- and short-day photoperiods.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -80 C; Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
ARP6 of Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q8LGE3, TAIR: At3g33520
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoflourescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Deal et al. (2005). The nuclear actin-related protein ARP6 is a pleiotropic developmental regulator required for the maintenance of FLOWERING LOCUS C expression and repression of flowering in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Oct;17(10):2633-46. doi:10.1105/tpc.105.035196.
Arginase-1, encoded by the ARG1 gene, is a cytosolic metalloenzyme expressed predominantly in hepatocytes. Arginase-1 plays a key role in the urea cycle by catalyzing the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. Argininemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a buildup of arginine and ammonia in the blood. Anti-Arginase-1 is highly specific for hepatocytes, and is therefore a sensitive and specific marker of benign and malignant hepatic tumours.
Arginase-1, encoded by the ARG1 gene, is a cytosolic metalloenzyme expressed predominantly in hepatocytes. Arginase-1 plays a key role in the urea cycle by catalyzing the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. Argininemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a buildup of arginine and ammonia in the blood. Anti-Arginase-1 is highly specific for hepatocytes, and is therefore a sensitive and specific marker of benign and malignant hepatic tumours.
Arginase-1, encoded by the ARG1 gene, is a cytosolic metalloenzyme expressed predominantly in hepatocytes. Arginase-1 plays a key role in the urea cycle by catalyzing the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. Argininemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a buildup of arginine and ammonia in the blood. Anti-Arginase-1 is highly specific for hepatocytes, and is therefore a sensitive and specific marker of benign and malignant hepatic tumours.
The ARF1 protein is localized to the Golgi apparatus and has a central role in intra-Golgi transport. It is a small GTPase that undergoes a GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange cycle and it is an important regulator of cellular trafficking.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
References describing immunolocalization (IF) and (IG) studies:Pimpl et al (2000). In Situ Localization and in Vitro Induction of Plant COPI-Coated Vesicles. Plant Cell. 2000 Nov;12(11):2219-36.Ritzenthaler et al. (2002). Reevaluation of the Effects of Brefeldin A on Plant Cells Using Tobacco Bright Yellow 2 Cells Expressing Golgi-Targeted Green Fluorescent Protein and COPI Antisera. Plant Cell. 2002 Jan;14(1):237-61.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (IF), 1 : 100 (IG), 1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
21 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Microsporidia sp.
Selected references:
Farago et al. (2022) Small paraquat resistance proteins modulate paraquat and ABA responses and confer drought tolerance to overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. Plant Cell Environ. 2022 Jul;45(7):1985-2003. doi: 10.1111/pce.14338. Epub 2022 Apr 29. PMID: 35486392; PMCID: PMC9324991.Narasimhan et al. (2021) Systematic analysis of specific and nonspecific auxin effects on endocytosis and trafficking. Plant Physiol. 2021 Mar 18:kiab134. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab134. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33734402.Hurny et al. (2020). SYNERGISTIC ON AUXIN AND CYTOKININ 1 Positively Regulates Growth and Attenuates Soil Pathogen Resistance. Nat Commun. 2020 May 1;11(1):2170. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15895-5. (immunolocalization)Kuang et al. (2019). Quantitative Proteome Analysis Reveals Changes in the Protein Landscape During Grape Berry Development With a Focus on Vacuolar Transport Proteins. Front Plant Sci. 2019 May 15;10:641. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00641. eCollection 2019.Singh et al. (2018). A single class of ARF GTPase activated by several pathway-specific ARF-GEFs regulates essential membrane traffic in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet. 2018 Nov 15;14(11):e1007795. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007795.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of Golgi in immunolocalization and COP1 in western blot
ARC5 (Dynamin-like protein ARC5) is a probable GTPase component of both plastid and peroxisme division machinery. Required for the last steps of plastid division specifically in mesophyll-cell, when the narrow isthmus breaks, facilitating the separation of the daughter plastids. Necessary for peroxisome activities. Seems to influence stromule (stroma-filled tubular extensions of the plastid envelope membrane) length and frequency. Alternative names: Dynamin-related protein 5B Protein ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 5.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Shelf life upon re-constitution is 6 months. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Store reconstituted antibodies at 4°Cor in -20 for extrended periods of time. Lyophilized powder is stable for a minimum of 2 years at -20 °C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from internal domain of Dynamin-like protein ARC5 from Arabidopsis thaliana Uniprot: Q84N64,TAIR: AT3G19720
Antibody format is a total IgG (purified on Protein A)
Application Details:
1 : 500-1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG in Tris 0,1M, glycine 0,1M, sucrose 2%.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
87 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.
Conglutin (allergen Ara h 6) causes allergic reaction in humans and binds to IgE.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arachin Ahy-3 is a hexamer, composed of an acidic and a basic chain, derived from a single precursor and linked by a disulfied bond. Belongs to the 11S seed storage protein (globulins) family. Arachin Ahy-3 chain alpha; Arachin Ahy-3 chain beta.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Peanut Ara h1 is a major peanut allergen. It shows significant homology with the vicilin seed storage protein found in most higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arachis hypogaea
Immunogen:
Recombinant peanut allergen Ara h1, UniProt: P43237, amino acid 26-216.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at +4°C(short term) and at -20 °C (long term).
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants, ferns and mosses
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Antibody is recognizing carbohydrate epitope containing Β-linked glucuronic acid.
Application Details:
1:10 (ELISA, IF)
Conjugation:
IgM
Isotype:
IgM
Purity:
Cell culture supernatant.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Stacey et al. (1990). Patterns of expression of the JIM4 arabinogalactan-protein epitope in cell cultures and during somatic embryogenesis in Daucus carota L Planta. 1990 Jan;180(2):285-92.doi: 10.1007/BF00194009. Knox et al.(1991). Developmentally regulated epitopes of cell surface arabinogalactan proteins and their relation to root tissue pattern formation. Plant J. 1991 ov;1(3):317-326.doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1991.t01-9-00999.x.
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% Sodium Azide.This antibody is made to rice arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) and it recognizes a carbohydrate epitope containing B-linked glucuronic acid. In competitive inhibition ELISAs antibody binding to gum arabic was inhibited (50%) by 70 mg/ml 1-O-methyl-B-D-GlcA. The binding of the antibody to AGPs can be fully inhibited by 10 mM 1-O-methyl-B-D-GlcA.
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. Arabinogalactans can be found in plants as free glycans, or attached to rhamnogalacturonan-I or protein backbones.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rat
Species Reactivity:
Higher plants
Immunogen:
Polysaccharide Arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) from Oryza sativa
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products. This pectic polysaccharide antibody belongs to the arabinogalactan-4 group of antibodies. Pectin consists of polysaccharides found in the primary cell wall of most plants which binds cells together in the middle lamella.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products. This pectic polysaccharide antibody belongs to the arabinogalactan 3 group of antibodies. Pectin consists of polysaccharides found in the primary cell wall of most plants which binds cells together in the middle lamella.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arabinogalactans are polymers composed of arabinose and galactose monosaccharides. They exist in plants as free glycans or are attached to rhamnogalacturonan I or to protetein backbones. When attached to proteins they form arabinogalactan protein (AGP) which works as an intercellular signaling molecule. AGP also functions as a glue for sealing wounds in plants. Arabinogalactans can be used as an additive in food, and as a replacement for starch in food or pharmaceutical products.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Antibody can be stored up to 1 month at 4 C, and at -80°Cfor up to 1 year. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
APX plays a key role in plant antioxidant system by reducing hydrogen peroxide to water. Cellular localization includes chloroplast (tAPX and sAPX), cytosol (cAPX) and peroxisome (pAPX).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Stromal APX; Glycine max, Glycine soja L-ascorbate peroxidase T, chloroplastic; Medicago truncatula thylakoid-bound APX; Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Pisum sativum Chloroplast stromal ascorbate peroxidase 12; Solanum lycopersicum thylakoid-bound APX; Spinacia oleracea stromal APX; Theobroma cacao L-APX T isoform 3; Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana tAPX (thylakoidal ascorbate peroxidase) UniProt: Q42593-1, TAIR:At1g77490 and sAPX (stromal/mitochondrial ascorbate peroxidase) UniProt: Q42592-1 TAIR: At4g08390 Five out of twelve amino acids are also identical with cAPX1 (At1g07890), cAPX2 (At3g09640) and pAPX (At4g35000)
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
25-38 kDa for A. thaliana
Not reactive in:
Algae, Helianthus annus, Marchantia polymorpha
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2022) Reciprocity between a retrograde signal and a putative metalloprotease reconfigures plastidial metabolic and structural states. Sci Adv. 2022 Jun 3;8(22):eabo0724. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo0724. Epub 2022 Jun 3. PMID: 35658042; PMCID: PMC9166295.Kucko et al. (2022) The acceleration of yellow lupine flower abscission by jasmonates is accompanied by lipid-related events in abscission zone cells, Plant Science, Volume 316, 2022,111173, ISSN 0168-9452, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111173. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168945221003691)Jedelska et al. (2021) Protein S-nitrosation differentially modulates tomato responses to infection by hemi-biotrophic oomycetes of Phytophthora spp. Hortic Res. 2021 Feb 1;8(1):34. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00469-3. PMID: 33518717; PMCID: PMC7848004.Tokarz et al. (2021). Stem Photosynthesis-A Key Element of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Acclimatisation to Salinity. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 12;22(2):685. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020685. PMID: 33445673; PMCID: PMC7828162.Tokarz et al. (2020). Can Ceylon Leadwort ( Plumbago zeylanica L.) Acclimate to Lead Toxicity?-Studies of Photosynthetic Apparatus Efficiency. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 9;21(5):1866.doi: 10.3390/ijms21051866.
APX plays a key role in plant antioxidant system by reducing hydrogen peroxide to water.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169,yanidioschyzon merolae, Micromonas pusilla (strain CCMP1545), Nannochloropsis gaditana, Ostreococcus lucimarinus (strain CCE9901), Ulva fasciata, Volvox carteriSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Chicken anti-Appetite-regulating hormone (Grehlin) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for ELISA.
Background Info:
Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR) and upon binding to the receptor it induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. This ligand has an appetite-stimulating effect and is involved in growth regulation (Ref: SWISSPROT).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide from human Ghrelin, C-terminal, (17-28 aa)
Applications:
ELISA
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
ELISA. Suggested dilution at 1:500 to 1:2,000. Biosensis recommends that the optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
Chicken anti-Appetite-regulating hormone, active (Active Ghrelin) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for ELISA.
Background Info:
Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR) and upon binding to the receptor it induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. This ligand has an appetite-stimulating effect and is involved in growth regulation (Ref: SWISSPROT).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid. PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide
Host Animal:
Chicken
Species Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
Human active Ghrelin peptide (24-33 aa) S3n-octanoicacid covalently linked to amino acid 28
Applications:
ELISA
Antibody Isotype:
IgY
Application Details:
ELISA . Suggested dilution at 1:500 to 1:4,000. Biosensis recommends that the optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
The Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein whose abnormal processing is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. APP695 lacking the protease inhibitor domain is the predominant form in neuronal tissues. APP695 is cleaved by caspases into the 664-residue amino (N)-terminal fragment that lacks the carboxyl C-terminal 31-residues (APP delataC31) and the 31-residues C-terminal fragment (APP-C31). APP delta C31 potentially plays pathophysiological roles in neuronal death.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, mouse, rat
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal of the caspase 3-cleaved human APP (aa 658-664 of human APP695) UniProt: P05067
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalisation (IL), Western blot (WB)
Nishimura et al (2003). Upregulation and antiapoptotic role of endogenous Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Exp Cell Res. 2003 Jun 10;286(2):241-51. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00066-1. PMID: 12749853.Nishimura et al. (2002) Cell death induced by a caspase-cleaved transmembrane fragment of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein. Cell Death Differ. 2002 Feb;9(2):199-208. doi: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400931. PMID: 11840170.
The Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein whose abnormal processing is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. APP695 lacking the protease inhibitor domain is the predominant form in neuronal tissues. APP695 is cleaved by caspases into the 664-residue amino (N)-terminal fragment that lacks the carboxyl C-terminal 31-residues (APPC31) and the 31-residues C-terminal fragment (APP-C31). Both fragments might be potent inducers of neuronal apoptosis. An antibody (named ACT1) against the N-terminus of caspase 3-generated APP C-terminal 31 aa of human APP695 (APP-C31 ) was raised in rabbit.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal of human caspase 3-generated APP C-terminal 31 amino acids (aa 665-670) UniProt: P05067
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunolocalisation (IL), Western blot (WB)
Nishimura et al. (2002) Cell death induced by a caspase-cleaved transmembrane fragment of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein. Cell Death Differ. 2002 Feb;9(2):199-208. doi: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400931. PMID: 11840170.
APP is an integral membrane protein found in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It is known as the precursor molecule generating amyloid beta (Aβ), and the amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, mouse, rat
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide (aa 653-662 of human APP) or 1-10 of the 4kDa Amyloid- peptide, The 4 kDa amyloid peptide is a 40 amino acid sequence that is cleaved of from the human amyloid A4 protein precursor (APP) and therefore the amino acids 1-10 of the peptide correspond to amino acids 653-662 of APP,
APP is an integral membrane protein found in any tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It is known as the precursor molecule generating amyloid beta (Aβ), and the amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, mouse, rat
Expected Species:
Chicken, monkey and other species, please inquire.
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide amino acids: 737-751 of human APP UniProt: P05067 or 85-99 of the C99 generated by secretases.
Biosensis is proud to offer the first commercially available ApoE/?-amyloid (ApoE/A?) complex ELISA kit. As a result of extensive collaboration with Dr. LaDu's laboratory at UIC and validation by Biosensis, this ELISA can be used to accurately and consistently measure the extent of ApoE/A? complex in tissue extracts and other samples. The Biosensis ApoE/A? Complex ELISA kit is a sandwich ELISA and consists of a pre-coated mouse monoclonal anti-A? capture antibody, a highly validated ApoE/A? complex standard that is pre-formed, lyophilized and ready for reconstitution, a biotinylated ApoE detection antibody, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin and detection reagent. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a colored reaction product which is directly proportional to the level of ApoE/A? complex present in samples and protein standards. Importantly, a well-characterized and unique ApoE/A? complex is included as a standard. This complex is pre-formed and lyophilized, requiring only reconstitution with assay diluent prior to use. In order to assess non-specific ApoE protein binding, each kit includes additional plates pre-coated with control antibody. The purpose of this kit is the in vitro qualitative measurement of ApoE/A? complexes in brain extracts and CSF samples from both transgenic mice and humans or primates, relative to a known ApoE/A? complex standard, only if used as directed. This kit has not been tested for other sample applications. This kit has been configured for research use only and is not to be used in diagnostic or clinical procedures.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Complex of E.coli-derived recombinant human ApoE protein and synthetic, monomerized Abeta (1-42) peptide
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of Apolipoprotein E/beta-Amyloid Complex (ApoE/A beta) in CSF, Tissue Homogenates. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
The ELISA kit box contains 2 x 96-well pre-coated strip plates per 1 Plate Kit (1 plate MOAB-2 antibody coated, 1 plate control antibody coated), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer and detailed protocols.
Product references:
Tai LM et al. (2013) J Biol Chem. 288(8): 5914-26 Tai LM et al. (2014) Mol Neurodegen. 9:2
Specificity:
Human Apolipoprotein E/beta-Amyloid (ApoE/A beta) Complex. The kit has been assayed on human samples only but the capture antibody, MOAB-2, is know to react with rodent amyloid beta though weaker (20% less reactivity on dot blots). The polyclonal APOE used for detection should detect ApoE from a variety of species but so far has only been tested on human
Biosensis is proud to offer the first commercially available ApoE/?-amyloid (ApoE/A?) complex ELISA kit. As a result of extensive collaboration with Dr. LaDu's laboratory at UIC and validation by Biosensis, this ELISA can be used to accurately and consistently measure the extent of ApoE/A? complex in tissue extracts and other samples. The Biosensis ApoE/A? Complex ELISA kit is a sandwich ELISA and consists of a pre-coated mouse monoclonal anti-A? capture antibody, a highly validated ApoE/A? complex standard that is pre-formed, lyophilized and ready for reconstitution, a biotinylated ApoE detection antibody, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated streptavidin and detection reagent. The addition of a substrate (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) yields a colored reaction product which is directly proportional to the level of ApoE/A? complex present in samples and protein standards. Importantly, a well-characterized and unique ApoE/A? complex is included as a standard. This complex is pre-formed and lyophilized, requiring only reconstitution with assay diluent prior to use. In order to assess non-specific ApoE protein binding, each kit includes additional plates pre-coated with control antibody. The purpose of this kit is the in vitro qualitative measurement of ApoE/A? complexes in brain extracts and CSF samples from both transgenic mice and humans or primates, relative to a known ApoE/A? complex standard, only if used as directed. This kit has not been tested for other sample applications. This kit has been configured for research use only and is not to be used in diagnostic or clinical procedures.
Product Type:
ELISA Assay
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Complex of E.coli-derived recombinant human ApoE protein and synthetic, monomerized Abeta (1-42) peptide
Applications:
ELISA
Application Details:
ELISA. For the quantification of Apolipoprotein E/beta-Amyloid Complex (ApoE/A beta) in CSF, Tissue Homogenates. Please download the detailed product insert for complete instructions for the successful use of this ELISA. Use only as directed.
The ELISA kit box contains 2 x 96-well pre-coated strip plates per 1 Plate Kit (1 plate MOAB-2 antibody coated, 1 plate control antibody coated), protein standards, detection reagents, wash and sample buffers, substrate buffer and detailed protocols.
Product references:
Tai LM et al. (2013) J Biol Chem. 288(8): 5914-26 Tai LM et al. (2014) Mol Neurodegen. 9:2
Specificity:
Human Apolipoprotein E/beta-Amyloid (ApoE/A beta) Complex. The kit has been assayed on human samples only but the capture antibody, MOAB-2, is know to react with rodent amyloid beta though weaker (20% less reactivity on dot blots). The polyclonal APOE used for detection should detect ApoE from a variety of species but so far has only been tested on human
Goat anti-Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Polyclonal Antibody (Unconjugated), suitable for ELISA.
Background Info:
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipoprotein involved in fat metabolism and acts as cholesterol carrier between cells and across tissues. On a genetic level, three APOE alleles are described, APOE2, APOE3 and APOE4. These alleles give rise to six APOE isoforms, which are differentially implicated in various diseases. In the peripheral system, APOE4 is linked to increased risk of atherosclerosis. In the CNS, the ability of APOE4 in clearing beta-amyloid is impaired, while APOE3 and APOE2 are more efficient in performing this task. The APOE4 genotype in particular has been linked to increased risk for developing Alzheimer's Disease.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized from a solution containing 50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 0.4 M NaCl, 0.01 M EDTA, 3% trehalose, 0.07% sodium azide.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Human
Immunogen:
Recombinant human Apolipoprotein E
Applications:
ELISA
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
ELISA (0.1-1 µg/mL). Other applications not tested as yet. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
APOE;
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
Human. Species cross-reactivity not tested.
Storage:
Store lyophilized antibody at 2-8°C. After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C to -80°C for higher stability. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles.
Major allergen Api g 1, isoallergen 2 (Allergen Api g 1.0201) (allergen Api g 1)
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Apium graveolens
Immunogen:
Recombinant Apium graveolens Major allergen Api g 1, isoallergen 2 protein, amino acids: 1-159, UniProt:P92918
Allophycocyanin is a protein of the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family of red algae and cyanobacteria. It is an accessory pigment to chlorophyll A located in the core of the phycobilisome, and its strong spectral overlap with chlorophyll facilitates energy transfer for photosynthesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Porphyridium cruentum, Synechocystis PCC 6803
Expected Species:
Red Algae, CyanobacteriaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
native allophycocyanin alpha and beta purified from Porphyridium cruentum phycobilisomes
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ge at al. (2017). Translating Divergent Environmental Stresses into a Common Proteome Response through the Histidine Kinase 33 (Hik33) in a Model Cyanobacterium. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2017 Jul;16(7):1258-1274. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M116.068080.Gandini et al. (2017). The transporter SynPAM71 is located in the plasma membrane and thylakoids, and mediates manganese tolerance in Synechocystis PCC6803. New Phytol. 2017 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/nph.14526.Gunnelius et al. (2014). The omega subunit of the RNA polymerase core directs transcription efficiency in cyanobacteria. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 29.Hernandez-Prieto et al. (2011). The small CAB-like proteins of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: Their involvement in chlorophyll biogenesis for Photosystem II. Bioch.Bioph. Acta.Gantt & Lipschultz (1974). Phycobilisome structure by immuno-electron microscopy. J. Phycology, Vol. 13:3, pages: 185-192. (immunolocalization)Gantt & Lipschultz (1974). Phycobilisomes of Porphyridium cruentum: Pigment Analysis. Biochem. 13:2960. Gantt E & C Lipschultz (1977). Probing phycobilisome structure by immuno-electron microscopy. J Phycol. 13:18
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
AP2 (floral homeotic protein APETALA 2) is a transcription factor involved in the specification of floral organ identity, establishment of floral meristem identity and controlling seed mass.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody was used in western blots on Lepidium appelianum and Lepidium campestre AP2 Protein expressed in E. coli cells. Applied dilution was 1: 6000.Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 6000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
47,8 kDa
Not reactive in:
Nicotiana tabacum, Vitis vinifera
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2021). Brassinosteroids inhibit miRNA-mediated translational repression by decreasing AGO1 on the endoplasmic reticulum. J Integr Plant Biol. 2021 May 21. doi: 10.1111/jipb.13139. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34020507.
Adaptins are important components of clathrin-coated vesicles transporting ligand-receptor complexes from the plasma membrane or from the trans Golgi network to lysosomes. Together with medium and small subunits, adaptins form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles and to recognise sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. Gamma-adaptin protein belongs to the adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network and/or endosomes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus. Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane.
A synthetic peptide (IRLRELIRTIRTARTQAEER) corresponding to the amino acids 5-24 of human AP-1 complex subunit gamma-1 conjugated to diphtheria toxin has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from AP-1 complex subunit gamma-1 protein in mouse, rat, dog and zebra fish.
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB. This antibody works in immunohistochemistry on frozen or wax embedded tissue. Antigen retrieval has been used in testing but may not be necessary. Typical working dilution: Light microscopy 1/500 to 1/2000 depending on tissue and detection method; Immunofluorescence 1/50 to 1/200; Western blotting 1/1000 to 1/4000 is recommended depending on detection method. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
AP-1 complex subunit gamma-1; Adapter-related protein complex 1 subunit gamma-1; Gamma1-adaptin; Adaptor protein complex AP-1 subunit gamma-1; Golgi adaptor HA1/AP1 adaptin subunit gamma-1; Clathrin assembly protein complex 1 gamma-1 large chain; AP1G1; ADTG; CLAPG1
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antibody has been shown to be specific for AP-1 Rat and human
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent.
FUNCTION: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. SUBUNIT: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is an heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma1/AP1G1 or gamma2/AP1G2 and beta1A/AP1B1 or beta1B/AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu1A/AP1M1 or mu1B/AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma1A/AP1S1 or sigma1B/AP1S2 or sigma1C/AP1S3). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus. Cytoplasmic vesicle; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; peripheral membrane protein; cytoplasmic side. Note=Component of the coat surrounding the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles located at the Golgi complex. ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms produced by alternative splicing. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. DISEASE: Deletion of the AP1B1 gene may play a role in the tumorigenesis of meningiomas. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human,Rat
Immunogen:
A synthetic peptide (C-KKGEIFELKAELNSDKKEK) corresponding to the amino acids 11-29 of human AP-1 complex subunit beta-1 conjugated to diphtheria toxin has been used as the immunogen. The peptide is homologous with the corresponding sequence derived from AP-1 complex subunit beta-1 protein in mouse, rat and bovine.
Applications:
ICC,IHC-Frozen,IHC-Paraffin-embedded,WB
Antibody Isotype:
Mixed
Application Details:
IHC, WB. This antibody works superbly in immunohistochemistry on frozen or paraffin embedded tissues. Antigen retrieval has been used in testing but may not be necessary. Typical working dilutions for routine immunohistochemistry are 1: 1000 to 1: 5000 depending on tissue and detection method. For western blotting a dilution range of 1: 100 to 1: 10000 is recommended. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Alternative Names:
Adapter-related protein complex 1 beta-1 subunit; Beta-adaptin 1; Adaptor protein complex AP-1 beta-1 subunit; Golgi adaptor HA1/AP1 adaptin beta subunit; Clathrin assembly protein complex 1 beta large chain; AP1B1; ADTB1; BAM22
Biosensis Brand:
Biosensis®
Conjugate:
Unconjugated
Shelf Life:
12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Use:
For research use only.
Specificity:
This antibody has been shown to be specific for AP-1 complex subunit beta-1. Rat and human, other species have not yet tested.
Storage:
After reconstitution keep aliquots at -20°C for a higher stability, and at 2-8°C with an appropriate antibacterial agent. Avoid repetitive freeze/thaw cycles. Glycerol (1:1) may be added for an additional stability.
Alternative oxidases (AOX) are quinol oxidases located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of plants. They function as terminal oxidases in the alternate electron transport pathway, oxidizing ubiquinone to reduce oxygen to water.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana AOX2 protein sequence, UniProt: O22049 , TAIR: At5g64210
The mitochondrial AOX (alternative oxidase) of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is encoded by two different genes, the Aox1 and Aox2. The alternative respiratory pathway is comprised of a single homodimeric protein – AOX – and functions as a mechanism to decrease the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during respiratory electron transport. Alternative oxidase expression is influenced by different stress stimuli.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Expected Species:
Aspergilus niger, Gonium pectorale, Monoraphidium neglectum, Nannochloropsis gaditana, Ostreococcus lucimarinus, Tetrabaena socialis, Volvox carteri f. nagariensis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
whole presumed mature AOX1 protein from from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii UniProt: O65000 fused to GST
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Gu et al. (2021) A Lipid Bodies-Associated Galactosyl Hydrolase Is Involved in Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis and Galactolipid Turnover in the Unicellular Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiPerlaza et al. (2019). The Mars1 kinase confers photoprotection through signaling in the chloroplast unfolded protein response. Elife. 2019 Oct 15;8. pii: e49577. doi: 10.7554/eLife.49577.Kaye et al. (2019). The mitochondrial alternative oxidase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii enables survival in high light.J Biol Chem. 2019 Jan 25;294(4):1380-1395. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.004667.Zalutskaya et al. (2015). The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii alternative oxidase 1 is regulated by heat stress. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2015 Dec;97:229-34. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.014.
Special application note:
Cellular [compartment marker] of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondrial inner membrane
Alternative oxidases (AOX) are quinol oxidases located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of plants. They function as terminal oxidases in the alternate electron transport pathway, oxidizing ubiquinone to reduce oxygen to water.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
According to Konert et al. (2015) AOX antibody is recognizing AOX1A and AOX1D.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Application Details:
1 : 750 (IL), 1 : 1000 for 10-20 g of mitochondrial protein/lane detection (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
36-40 | 36-40 for Arabidopsis thaliana
Not reactive in:
Candidia albicans, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (use an antibody to algal AOX1, AS06 152)
Selected references:
Brito et al. (2022) The role of the electron-transfer flavoprotein: ubiquinone oxidoreductase following carbohydrate starvation in Arabidopsis cell cultures. Plant Cell Rep. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00299-021-02822-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35031834.Pascual et al (2021). ACONITASE 3 is part of the ANAC017 transcription factor-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction response, Plant Physiology, 2021;, kiab225, https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab225Challabathula et al. (2021) Differential modulation of photosynthesis, ROS and antioxidant enzyme activities in stress-sensitive and -tolerant rice cultivars during salinity and drought upon restriction of COX and AOX pathways of mitochondrial oxidative electron transport, Journal of Plant Physiology,Volume 268,2022,153583, ISSN 0176-1617,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153583. Oh et al. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) 1a and 1d limit proline-induced oxidative stress and aid salinity recovery in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 17:kiab578. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab578. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34919733.Pavlovic & Kocab. (2021) Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes: what is it good for? Ann Bot. 2021 Dec 18:mcab151. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab151. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34922341.
Special application note:
Mitochondrion inner membrane marker. Possibly in the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane.Protocol for a plant mitochondria preparation can be found here. In protein samples which are older than few months AOX enzyme can undergo intensive dimerization. Such preparations should not be used to work with this antibody.
L-ascorbate oxidase has oxidoreductase activity and belongs to multicopper oxidase family and is an apoplastic enzyme involved in metabolism of plant ascorbate (AA). Ascorbate (AA) plays a key role in defense against oxidative stress and is particularly abundant in photosynthetic tissues. Over 90% of the ascorbate is localized in the cytoplasm, but a substantial proportion is exported to the apoplast.Alternative names: (ASO) (Ascorbase) (EC 1.10.3.3), AAO
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C or -80 C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Cucurbita maxima
Expected Species:
Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Nelumbo nucifera, Theobroma cacao Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Reactivity of this antibody on endogenous material remains to be determined
Application Details:
1 : 1000 - 1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
>95%, Protein G purified to a total immunoglobulin G fraction.
Molecular Weight:
65 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300. Preparation contains: 50% Glycerol, 10 mM PBS, pH 7.4Reactivity of this antibody on endogenous material remains to be determined.
Ascorbate oxidase (AO) is an apoplastic enzyme involved in metabolism of plant ascorbate (AA). Ascorbate (AA) plays a key role in defense against oxidative stress and is particularly abundant in photosynthetic tissues. Over 90% of the ascorbate is localized in the cytoplasm, but a substantial proportion is exported to the apoplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Working dilutions should be stored at 4 C, not refrozen and prefarably used the same day. If slight precipitation occurs upon storage, this should be removed by centrifugation, It will not affect the performance of the product.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Cucurbita sp.
Expected Species:
Glycne max, Oryza sativa Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
IgG concentration is 10 mg/ml, Biotin/IgG protein molar ratio is approximately 5,6, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 30 000 (ELISA), 1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS pH 7.2.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile water, Allow reconstituted product to stand for at least 30 minutes at room temperature prior to dilution, If necessary, centrifuge to remove any particulates, Prepare fresh working dilution daily
Molecular Weight:
61 | 45 kDa (Cucurbita pepo)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
IgG protein fraction is prepared by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchanged chromatography, N-Hydroxysuccinimidobiotin is used for labelling of antibody
Ascorbate oxidase (AO) is an apoplastic enzyme involved in metabolism of plant ascorbate (AA). Ascorbate (AA) plays a key role in defense against oxidative stress and is particularly abundant in photosynthetic tissues. Over 90% of the ascorbate is localized in the cytoplasm, but a substantial proportion is exported to the apoplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. Working dilutions should be stored at 4 C, not refrozen and prefarably used the same day. If slight precipitation occurs upon storage, this should be removed by centrifugation, It will not affect the performance of the product.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Cucurbita sp.
Expected Species:
Glycne max, Oryza sativa Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
ascorbate oxidase purified from Cucurbita sp.
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
The ZAP70 (zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa) tyrosine kinase was identified as a tyrosine phosphoprotein that associates with TCR zeta subunit and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation following TCR stimulation. ZAP70 is a Syk family tyrosine kinase primarily expressed in T and NK cells that plays an essential role in signaling through the TCR. TCR-mediated activation of T cells is crucial to the immune response. In humans, ZAP70 gene mutations resulting in lower ZAP70 protein expression levels or expression of catalytically inactive ZAP70 proteins, have been identified. ZAP70 deficiency results in the absence of mature CD8+ T cells and the prevention of TCR-mediated activation of CD4+ T cells, and it can lead to severe combined immunodeficiency.In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), ZAP70 expression on B cell was shown to be correlated with disease progression and survival. ZAP70 contains two N-terminal SH2 domains (Src homology domain 2) and a C-terminal kinase domain. During T cell activation, the binding of ZAP70 SH2 domains to the phosphorylated zeta subunit on the activated TCR complex causes a colocalization with the Lck tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates ZAP70 on Tyr493 in the activation loop. ZAP70 autophosphorylates multiple tyrosines in the region between the SH2 domains and the kinase domain, including the binding sites for additional SH2-containing signaling proteins such as SLP76, LAT, Lck, PLCgamma1, Vav, Shc, Ras-GAP, and Abl. ZAP70-mediated activation of these downstream effectors leads to the release of intracellular calcium stores, and the transcription of interleukin-2 and other genes important for an immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed fusion protein representing C-terminal part (160 amino acids) of human ZAP70 with histidine tag
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The polyclonal antibody recognizes C-terminal part of human ZAP70 protein tyrosine kinase (intracellular antigen). ZAP70 is a molecule susceptible to degradation. It is recommended to use freshly prepared cell lysates (protease inhibitors are essential) to avoid non-specific staining of degradation products.
The ZAP70 (zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa) tyrosine kinase was identified as a tyrosine phosphoprotein that associates with TCR zeta subunit and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation following TCR stimulation. ZAP70 is a Syk family tyrosine kinase primarily expressed in T and NK cells that plays an essential role in signaling through the TCR. TCR-mediated activation of T cells is crucial to the immune response. In humans, ZAP70 gene mutations resulting in lower ZAP70 protein expression levels or expression of catalytically inactive ZAP70 proteins, have been identified. ZAP70 deficiency results in the absence of mature CD8+ T cells and the prevention of TCR-mediated activation of CD4+ T cells, and it can lead to severe combined immunodeficiency.In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), ZAP70 expression on B cell was shown to be correlated with disease progression and survival. ZAP70 contains two N-terminal SH2 domains (Src homology domain 2) and a C-terminal kinase domain. During T cell activation, the binding of ZAP70 SH2 domains to the phosphorylated zeta subunit on the activated TCR complex causes a colocalization with the Lck tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates ZAP70 on Tyr493 in the activation loop. ZAP70 autophosphorylates multiple tyrosines in the region between the SH2 domains and the kinase domain, including the binding sites for additional SH2-containing signaling proteins such as SLP76, LAT, Lck, PLCgamma1, Vav, Shc, Ras-GAP, and Abl. ZAP70-mediated activation of these downstream effectors leads to the release of intracellular calcium stores, and the transcription of interleukin-2 and other genes important for an immune response.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed fusion protein representing C-terminal part (160 amino acids) of human ZAP70 with histidine tag
Applications:
FC,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody ZAP-03 reacts with ZAP70, a 70 kDa protein tyrosine kinase expressed in T and NK cells (intracellular antigen). ZAP70 is a molecule susceptible to degradation. It is recommended to use freshly prepared cell lysates (protease inhibitors are essential) to avoid non-specific staining of degradation products.
Clone number:
ZAP-03
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml; positive control: HPB-ALL human peripheral blood T cell leukemia cell line. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 0,5 ?g/ml; positive control: HPB-ALL human peripheral blood T cell leukemia cell line; negative control: RAMOS human Burkitt lymphoma cell line; reducing conditions, 10% separating gel.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: 14-3-3 protein epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAE gene. This gene product belongs to the 14-3-3 family of proteins which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 100% identical to the mouse ortholog. It interacts with CDC25 phosphatases, RAF1 and IRS1 proteins, suggesting its role in diverse biochemical activities related to signal transduction, such as cell division and regulation of insulin sensitivity. It has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of small cell lung cancer. Two transcript variants, one protein-coding and the other non-protein-coding, have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: WD repeat-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WDR1 gene. It is mapped to 4p16.1. This gene encodes a protein containing 9 WD repeats. WD repeats are approximately 30- to 40-amino acid domains containing several conserved residues, mostly including a trp-asp at the C-terminal end. WD domains are involved in protein-protein interactions. The encoded protein may help induce the disassembly of actin filaments. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody VI-10 reacts with vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed in variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types.
Clone number:
VI-10
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Staining technique: (a) fix cells for 10 min in methanol at -20°C and for 6 min in acetone at -20°C; (b) fix cells directly in methanol for 10 min at -20°C or in acetone for 10 min at -20°C. Positive control: 3T3 murine Swiss albino fibroblast cell line, RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml, positive tissue: skin fibroblast.Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Pellet of porcine brain cold stable proteins after depolymerization of microtubules.
Applications:
IHC,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody VI-01 reacts with vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed in variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types. Cross-reactivity was found with smooth muscle desmin.
Clone number:
VI-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Staining technique: (a) fix cells for 10 min in methanol at -20°C and for 6 min in acetone at -20°C; (b) fix cells directly in methanol for 10 min at -20°C or in acetone for 10 min at -20°C. Positive control: 3T3 murine Swiss albino fibroblast cell line, RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line.
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length human vimentin
Applications:
IHC,FC,WB,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody VI-RE/1 reacts with human vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed on a wide variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types.
Clone number:
VI-RE/1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
ELISA: The antibody VI-RE/1 recognizes different epitope on human vimentin than the antibody VI-01 (IgM). Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length human vimentin
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody VI-RE/1 reacts with human vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed on a wide variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types.
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length human vimentin
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody VI-RE/1 reacts with human vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed on a wide variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
VCP (valosin-containing protein), also known as p97, TERA, ALS14, IBMPFD, HEL-220, IBMPFD1, or HEL-S-70, is a member of a protein family that includes putative ATP-binding proteins involved in vesicle transport and fusion, 26S proteasome function, and assembly of peroxisomes. VCP is a structural protein that associates with clathrin and heat-shock protein Hsc70, to form a complex. It has been implicated in a number of cellular events that are regulated during mitosis, including homotypic membrane fusion, spindle pole body function, and ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. In sperm this intra-acrosomal protein can be used as a marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
Applications:
FC,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody Hs-14 reacts with VCP (valosin-containing protein) a 220 kDa intra-acrosomal protein.
Clone number:
Hs-14
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml, membrane permeabilization (acetone) is essential. The antibody Hs-14 is designed for quantitative immunofluorescence analysis of pathological sperms (excellent tool for laboratories of assisted reproduction when optimal method of fertilization is sought). Flow cytometry: Intraacrosomal staining; recommended dilution: 3-12 µg/ml.
VCP (valosin-containing protein), also known as p97, TERA, ALS14, IBMPFD, HEL-220, IBMPFD1, or HEL-S-70, is a member of a protein family that includes putative ATP-binding proteins involved in vesicle transport and fusion, 26S proteasome function, and assembly of peroxisomes. VCP is a structural protein that associates with clathrin and heat-shock protein Hsc70, to form a complex. It has been implicated in a number of cellular events that are regulated during mitosis, including homotypic membrane fusion, spindle pole body function, and ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. In sperm this intra-acrosomal protein can be used as a marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody Hs-14 reacts with VCP (valosin-containing protein) a 220 kDa intra-acrosomal protein.
Clone number:
Hs-14
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 20 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 50 tests. Intraacrosomal staining.
Ubinuclein 1 (UBN1) is a ubiquitously expressed evolutionarily conserved protein which binds to proliferation-promoting genes that are repressed by formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF). Ubinuclein 1 associates with various transcription factors and with histone methyltransferase activity, is indispensable for SAHF formation and appears to be a regulator of senescence. Although in most cells ubinuclein is localized to the nucleus, in cells forming tight junctions it is recruited to the cell adhesion complexes, dependently on the cell density.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant protein corresponding to amino acids 1-190 of ubinuclein 1.
Applications:
IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody UBN1-02 recognizes N-terminal part of ubinuclein 1 (UBN1), a widely expressed nuclear and adhesion complex protein. Western blotting analysis reveals UBN1 as a 165 kDa band.
Clone number:
UBN1-02
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml; positive control: HeLa cell line.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene. It is mapped to 19q13.42. U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), comprised of a large and a small subunit, is a non-snRNP protein required for the binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branch site. This gene encodes the U2AF large subunit which contains a sequence-specific RNA-binding region with 3 RNA recognition motifs and an Arg/Ser-rich domain necessary for splicing. The large subunit binds to the polypyrimidine tract of introns early during spliceosome assembly. Multiple transcript variants have been detected for this gene, but the full-length natures of only two have been determined to date. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene. It is mapped to 19q13.42. U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), comprised of a large and a small subunit, is a non-snRNP protein required for the binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branch site. This gene encodes the U2AF large subunit which contains a sequence-specific RNA-binding region with 3 RNA recognition motifs and an Arg/Ser-rich domain necessary for splicing. The large subunit binds to the polypyrimidine tract of introns early during spliceosome assembly. Multiple transcript variants have been detected for this gene, but the full-length natures of only two have been determined to date. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulins. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents belong to the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes, which are highly conserved among species. This gene encodes alpha tubulin and is highly similar to the mouse and rat Tuba1 genes. Northern blot studies have shown that the gene expression is predominantly found in morphologically differentiated neurologic cells. This gene is one of three alpha-tubulin genes in a cluster on chromosome 12q. Mutations in this gene cause lissencephaly type 3 (LIS3) - a neurological condition characterized by microcephaly, intellectual disability, and early-onset epilepsy caused by defective neuronal migration. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Thyroid transcription factor, also called thyroid specific enhancer binding nuclear protein (38 kDa), that regulates transcription activity of thyroid (thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, sodium-iodide transport protein, calcitonin and MHC class I) and lung (surfactant proteins A, B and C, Clara cell secretory protein). The expression of TTF1 is confined to follicular epithelial cells and the C-cells in the thyroid, and to the type II pneumocytes and the Clara cells in the lung. In tumor diagnostics TTF1 distinguish primary (TTF+) vs. metastatic (usually TTF1-) lung carcinoma (LCa), pulmonary adenoca (TTF1+) from squamous cell Ca (usually TTF1 -), pleural lung Ca (TTF1+) vs.mesothelioma (TTF1 - ) and pulmonary small cell Ca (TTF1+) vs. Mercel cell Ca (TTF - ). Mucinous lung adeno ca is usually TTF1 negative.
Thyroid transcription factor, also called thyroid specific enhancer binding nuclear protein (38 kDa), that regulates transcription activity of thyroid (thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, sodium-iodide transport protein, calcitonin and MHC class I) and lung (surfactant proteins A, B and C, Clara cell secretory protein). The expression of TTF1 is confined to follicular epithelial cells and the C-cells in the thyroid, and to the type II pneumocytes and the Clara cells in the lung. In tumor diagnostics TTF1 distinguish primary (TTF+) vs. metastatic (usually TTF1-) lung carcinoma (LCa), pulmonary adenoca (TTF1+) from squamous cell Ca (usually TTF1 -), pleural lung Ca (TTF1+) vs.mesothelioma (TTF1 - ) and pulmonary small cell Ca (TTF1+) vs. Mercel cell Ca (TTF - ). Mucinous lung adeno ca is usually TTF1 negative.
TRIM (T cell receptor-interacting molecule), also known as TRAT1 (T cell receptor associated transmembrane adaptor 1) is a 30 kDa protein expressed by T cells as a cystein-linked homodimer. It associates with TCR-CD3-zeta-chain complex and becomes phosphorylated by Src-family kinases. TRIM is potentially involved in negative regulation of TCR-mediated signaling, but its role remains unclear.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant intracellular domain (aa 29-186) of human TRIM.
Applications:
FC,IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody TRIM-04 recognizes an intracellular epitope of T cell receptor-interacting molecule (TRIM), a 30 kDa adaptor protein expressed by T cells.
Clone number:
TRIM-04
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining. Western blotting: Non-reducing conditions.
TRIM (T cell receptor-interacting molecule), also known as TRAT1 (T cell receptor associated transmembrane adaptor 1) is a 30 kDa protein expressed by T cells as a cystein-linked homodimer. It associates with TCR-CD3-zeta-chain complex and becomes phosphorylated by Src-family kinases. TRIM is potentially involved in negative regulation of TCR-mediated signaling, but its role remains unclear.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant intracellular domain (aa 29-186) of human TRIM.
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody TRIM-04 recognizes an intracellular epitope of T cell receptor-interacting molecule (TRIM), a 30 kDa adaptor protein expressed by T cells.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1? (TIF1?) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TRIM24 gene. The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control by interaction with the activation function 2 (AF2) region of several nuclear receptors, including the estrogen, retinoic acid, and vitamin D3 receptors. The protein localizes to nuclear bodies and is thought to associate with chromatin and heterochromatin-associated factors. The protein is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains - a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2 - and a coiled-coil region. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
TREM2 (Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is a cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein with an immunoglobulin like extracellular domain and a cytoplasmic tail [1]. It is expressed in myeloid cells including dendritic cells, granulocytes, and tissue-specific macrophages such as osteoclasts. In the brain, TREM2 is only expressed by microglia and in the central nervous system expression of TREM2 varies with higher expression in the hippocampus, spinal cord and white matter.
TREM2 plays a complex role in neuroinflammation with expression of TREM2 being upregulated in pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's Disease [2]. TREM2 has also been shown to have a role in potential mechanisms linking urban air pollution to Alzheimer's Disease through its involvement in the regulation of neuroinflammation [3].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
50 µg in 50 µl PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
If you would like us to check if this antibody is likely to bind to this protein from a different species please contact us. We are happy to check for you.
Immunogen:
KLH conjugated synthetic peptide from the N-terminal region of human TREM2
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
TREM-2, TREM2a, TREM2b, TREM2c, Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2a, Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2
Research Areas:
Neuroscience
NS Reagents Product Area:
Neuroscience
Molecular Weight:
25kDa (Intended as a general guide and does not allow for all isoforms and species variations)
Subcellular location:
Cell membrane, Secreted
Purification:
Affinity purification
References:
[1] Bouchon A, Dietrich J, Colonna M. Cutting edge: inflammatory responses can be triggered by TREM-1, a novel receptor expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. J Immunol. 2000;164:49915.
[2] Gratuze, M., Leyns, C.E.G. & Holtzman, D.M. New insights into the role of TREM2 in Alzheimers disease. Mol Neurodegeneration 13, 66 (2018).
[3] Hendrik J. Greve, Christen L. Mumaw, Evan J. Messenger, Prasada R. S. Kodavanti, Joyce L. Royland, Urmila P. Kodavanti and Michelle L. Block. Diesel exhaust impairs TREM2 to dysregulate neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation. 2020; 17: 351.
TREM2 (Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is a cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein with an immunoglobulin like extracellular domain and a cytoplasmic tail [1]. It is expressed in myeloid cells including dendritic cells, granulocytes, and tissue-specific macrophages such as osteoclasts. In the brain, TREM2 is only expressed by microglia and in the central nervous system expression of TREM2 varies with higher expression in the hippocampus, spinal cord and white matter.
TREM2 plays a complex role in neuroinflammation with expression of TREM2 being upregulated in pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's Disease [2]. TREM2 has also been shown to have a role in potential mechanisms linking urban air pollution to Alzheimer's Disease through its involvement in the regulation of neuroinflammation [3].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
100 µg in 100 µl PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
If you would like us to check if this antibody is likely to bind to this protein from a different species please contact us. We are happy to check for you.
Immunogen:
KLH conjugated synthetic peptide from the N-terminal region of human TREM2
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
TREM-2, TREM2a, TREM2b, TREM2c, Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, Trggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2a, Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2
Research Areas:
Neuroscience
NS Reagents Product Area:
Neuroscience
Molecular Weight:
25kDa (Intended as a general guide and does not allow for all isoforms and species variations)
Subcellular location:
Cell membrane, Secreted
Purification:
Affinity purification
References:
[1] Bouchon A, Dietrich J, Colonna M. Cutting edge: inflammatory responses can be triggered by TREM-1, a novel receptor expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. J Immunol. 2000;164:49915.
[2] Gratuze, M., Leyns, C.E.G. & Holtzman, D.M. New insights into the role of TREM2 in Alzheimers disease. Mol Neurodegeneration 13, 66 (2018).
[3] Hendrik J. Greve, Christen L. Mumaw, Evan J. Messenger, Prasada R. S. Kodavanti, Joyce L. Royland, Urmila P. Kodavanti and Michelle L. Block. Diesel exhaust impairs TREM2 to dysregulate neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation. 2020; 17: 351.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme that links the pentose phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is active in most tissues, provides sugar phosphates for intermediary biosynthesis, especially nucleotide metabolism, and generates the biosynthetic reducing power for the cell in the form of NADPH. Transketolase is directly involved in the branch of the pathway that channels excess sugar phosphates to glycolysis, enabling the production of NADPH to be maintained under different metabolic conditions. NADPH is critical for maintaining cerebral glutathione, and thus it is likely that transketolase plays an important role in brain metabolism. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme that links the pentose phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is active in most tissues, provides sugar phosphates for intermediary biosynthesis, especially nucleotide metabolism, and generates the biosynthetic reducing power for the cell in the form of NADPH. Transketolase is directly involved in the branch of the pathway that channels excess sugar phosphates to glycolysis, enabling the production of NADPH to be maintained under different metabolic conditions. NADPH is critical for maintaining cerebral glutathione, and thus it is likely that transketolase plays an important role in brain metabolism. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Transferrin is a monomeric glycoprotein of approximately 77 kDa, which serves as an iron-transporter. In normal plasma, transferrin has a concentration of 25-50 µmol / liter, and is usually about one-third saturated with iron, thus providing a large buffering capacity in case of an acute increase in plasma iron levels. Cells take up transferrin-iron complexes (holotransferrin) using transferrin receptor dimers. Upon binding of holotransferrin, the receptor is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with its receptor (CD71) and recycles to the cell surface, where apotransferrin is released upon exposure to normal pH. Internalization of labeled transferrin thus represents an usefull approach to study endocytosis. Serum concentration rises in iron deficiency and pregnancy and falls in iron overload, infection and inflammatory conditions. Iron/transferrin complex is essential in haemoglobin synthesis and for certain types of cell division.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified porcine transferrin.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA,RIA,FA
Additional Info:
The antibody HTF-14 recognizes an epitope located in the N-terminal domain of human serum transferrin, a 77 kDa single polypeptide chain glycoprotein (member of the iron binding family of proteins). It is synthesised in the liver and consists of two domains each having a high affinity reversible binding site for Fe3+.
Clone number:
HTF-14
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Functional application: The antibody HTF-14 blocks binding of transferrin to its receptor. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive tissue: placenta. Western blotting: non-reducing conditions, recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Transferrin is a monomeric glycoprotein of approximately 77 kDa, which serves as an iron-transporter. In normal plasma, transferrin has a concentration of 25-50 µmol / liter, and is usually about one-third saturated with iron, thus providing a large buffering capacity in case of an acute increase in plasma iron levels. Cells take up transferrin-iron complexes (holotransferrin) using transferrin receptor dimers. Upon binding of holotransferrin, the receptor is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with its receptor (CD71) and recycles to the cell surface, where apotransferrin is released upon exposure to normal pH. Internalization of labeled transferrin thus represents an usefull approach to study endocytosis. Serum concentration rises in iron deficiency and pregnancy and falls in iron overload, infection and inflammatory conditions. Iron/transferrin complex is essential in haemoglobin synthesis and for certain types of cell division.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified porcine transferrin.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA,RIA,FA
Additional Info:
The antibody HTF-14 recognizes an epitope located in the N-terminal domain of human serum transferrin, a 77 kDa single polypeptide chain glycoprotein (member of the iron binding family of proteins). It is synthesised in the liver and consists of two domains each having a high affinity reversible binding site for Fe3+.
Clone number:
HTF-14
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Functional application: The antibody HTF-14 blocks binding of transferrin to its receptor. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive tissue: placenta. Western blotting: non-reducing conditions, recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Transferrin is a monomeric glycoprotein of approximately 77 kDa, which serves as an iron-transporter. In normal plasma, transferrin has a concentration of 25-50 µmol / liter, and is usually about one-third saturated with iron, thus providing a large buffering capacity in case of an acute increase in plasma iron levels. Cells take up transferrin-iron complexes (holotransferrin) using transferrin receptor dimers. Upon binding of holotransferrin, the receptor is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with its receptor (CD71) and recycles to the cell surface, where apotransferrin is released upon exposure to normal pH. Internalization of labeled transferrin thus represents an usefull approach to study endocytosis. Serum concentration rises in iron deficiency and pregnancy and falls in iron overload, infection and inflammatory conditions. Iron/transferrin complex is essential in haemoglobin synthesis and for certain types of cell division.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified porcine transferrin.
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA,RIA
Additional Info:
The antibody HTF-14 recognizes an epitope located in the N-terminal domain of human serum transferrin, a 77 kDa single polypeptide chain glycoprotein (member of the iron binding family of proteins). It is synthesised in the liver and consists of two domains each having a high affinity reversible binding site for Fe3+.
TPX2 is a microtubule-associated protein, which is a critical regulator of mitosis. At the beginning of mitosis, TPX2 is released and plays a significant role in mitotic spindle formation and subsequent proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. After completion of mitosis the TPX2 protein disappears, but has also role in DNA damage response. Its overexpression has been demonstrated in many types of carcinomas. TPX2 belongs to the markers of worse tumor prognosis. On the other hand, down-regulation of TPX2 can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human TPX2
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody TPX2-01 recognizes the epitope EPFVPKKEKKS (aa 636-646 in human) of TPX2, a microtubule-associated intracellular critical regulator of mitosis, which is overexpressed in many types of tumors and is a marker of worse prognosis in various cancers.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
WB,ELISA,FA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb1 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Functional application: Neutralization. ELISA: It can be used as capture antibody in combination with biotinylated antibody MAb11.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
FC,IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb11 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
ELISA: Biotinylated MAb11 can be used as a detection antibody in combination with capture antibody MAb1. Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): paraformaldehyde-fixed, saponin-treated frozen tissue sections. Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb1 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
ELISA: It can be used as capture antibody in combination with biotinylated antibody MAb11.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb11 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb11 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 4 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (0.4 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human TNF-alpha
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody MAb11 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
Clone number:
MAb11
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), also known as liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase, or MSCA-1 (mesenchymal stem cell antigen 1) is a selective marker for the prospective isolation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-like cells. It is expressed at high levels in liver, bone, kidney, or endometrium, as well as on embryonic stem cells (ESCs). TNAP also plays a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in TNAP gene are associated with hypercalcemia and skeletal defects (hypophosphatasia).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
WERI-RB-1 retinoblastoma cell line
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody W8B2B10 recognizes TNAP (tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase), an ectoenzyme expressed mainly on embryonic stem cells, liver, bone, and kidney cells. This antibody is suitable for characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs, iPSCs, and ESCs.
Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), also known as liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase, or MSCA-1 (mesenchymal stem cell antigen 1) is a selective marker for the prospective isolation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-like cells. It is expressed at high levels in liver, bone, kidney, or endometrium, as well as on embryonic stem cells (ESCs). TNAP also plays a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in TNAP gene are associated with hypercalcemia and skeletal defects (hypophosphatasia).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
WERI-RB-1 retinoblastoma cell line
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody W8B2B10 recognizes TNAP (tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase), an ectoenzyme expressed mainly on embryonic stem cells, liver, bone, and kidney cells. This antibody is suitable for characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs, iPSCs, and ESCs.
Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), also known as liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase, or MSCA-1 (mesenchymal stem cell antigen 1) is a selective marker for the prospective isolation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-like cells. It is expressed at high levels in liver, bone, kidney, or endometrium, as well as on embryonic stem cells (ESCs). TNAP also plays a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in TNAP gene are associated with hypercalcemia and skeletal defects (hypophosphatasia).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
WERI-RB-1 retinoblastoma cell line
Applications:
ICC,FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody W8B2B10 recognizes TNAP (tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase), an ectoenzyme expressed mainly on embryonic stem cells, liver, bone, and kidney cells. This antibody is suitable for characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs, iPSCs, and ESCs.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 33 (TRIM33), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (TIF1-?), is a human gene. The TRIM33 gene is mapped to chromosome 1p13 by FISH. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to be a transcriptional corepressor. However, molecules that interact with this protein have not yet been identified. The protein is a member of the tripartite motif family. This motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2, and a coiled-coil region. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described; however, the full-length nature of one variant has not been determined. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
TIAR is an ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein, which regulates translational control, splicing, and other activities, including apoptosis. TIAR attenuates CDK1 activity, and is essential for the G2/M checkpoint. It accumulates in nuclear foci in late G2 phase and prophase in cells under replication stress. In steady state TIAR shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, probably as a part of nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA, but under stress conditions it accumulates mRNA molecules in granules and prevents their translation. Nucleolytic activity of TIAR against attacked target cells of cytotoxic lymphocytes has also been reported. Similarly, e.g. in permeabilized thymocytes TIAR triggers DNA fragmentation.
Thyroid disorders are often associated with autoimmune diseases and thyroid cancer.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
thyroid follicular cells
Applications:
IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody 2H11 recognizes thyroglobulin (TG), a 610 kDa extracellular secreted glycoprotein specific to the thyroid gland. TG is mainly expressed on thyroid follicular cells (99,1 %).
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Thioredoxin, mitochondrial also known as thioredoxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXN2 gene on chromosome 22. It is mapped to 22q12.3. This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial member of the thioredoxin family, a group of small multifunctional redox-active proteins. The encoded protein may play important roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and in protection against oxidant-induced apoptosis. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion. Tissue Specificity: Widely expressed in adult (at protein level) and fetal tissues.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Thioredoxin, mitochondrial also known as thioredoxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXN2 gene on chromosome 22. It is mapped to 22q12.3. This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial member of the thioredoxin family, a group of small multifunctional redox-active proteins. The encoded protein may play important roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and in protection against oxidant-induced apoptosis. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion. Tissue Specificity: Widely expressed in adult (at protein level) and fetal tissues.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human TGFBR2, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by eight amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: TGFBR2 (transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa)), also known as TGF-beta receptor type-2, TGFR-2, TGF-beta type II receptor, Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta receptor type II, TbetaR-II), is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family and the TGFB receptor subfamily. A TGFBR2 cDNA encodes a deduced 565-amino acid protein with a calculated molecular mass of approximately 60 kD in length. The encoded protein is a transmembrane protein that has a protein kinase domain, forms a heterodimeric complex with another receptor protein, and binds TGF-beta. This receptor/ligand complex phosphorylates proteins, which then enter the nucleus and regulate the transcription of a subset of genes related to cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Deitz aortic aneurysm syndrome, Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, and the development of various types of tumors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different informs have been characterized. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
TFG (TRK-fused gene protein) is a regulatory protein with not fully understood function. Its defects are associated with various carcinomas, such as e.g. melanoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, or glioma. TFG structure (multiple protein interaction motifs) indicated it can be an adaptor protein. It has been demonstrated TFG interacts with proteins modulating the NFkappaB pathway (TANK and NEMO). TNG enhances the effect of TNFalpha, TANK, TRAF2 and TRAF6 in inducing NFkappaB activity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human recombinant protein Trx-his-NTFG
Applications:
IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody TFG-03 recognizes TFG, an approximately 50 kDa intracellular protein with regulatory functions.
Tenascin C is an approximately 250 kDa extracellular matrix glycoprotein with important roles in the nervous system, as it promotes correct migration of growing axons during development and during neuronal regeneration. It is also involved in synaptic plasticity. Ligands of tenascin C are integrins alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-9/beta-1, alpha-V/beta-3, and alpha-V/beta-6. Similarly to neural cells, it also stimulates angiogenesis by promoting elongation and migration of endothelial cells.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Protein preparation from a homogenate of a human mammary tumour specimen.
Applications:
IHC,IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody T2H5 recognizes tenascin, a large hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein.
Clone number:
T2H5
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Immunohistochemical detection of tenascin is valuable for studies of tissue differentiation and tumour growth. The antibody T2H5 is excellent for staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections.Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: 26S protease regulatory subunit 6A, also known as 26S proteasome AAA-ATPase subunit Rpt5, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PSMC3 gene. The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases that have chaperone-like activity. This subunit may compete with PSMC2 for binding to the HIV tat protein to regulate the interaction between the viral protein and the transcription complex. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 9. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Tb7.7, also known as Rv2654c, is being used for lymfocyte stimulation against Mycobacterium in combination with EsaT-6 and CFP-10 proteins.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Tb7.7 protein (produced in E. coli)
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Tb7.7 reacts with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Tb7.7 (Rv2654c).
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Tb10.4, also known as EsxH, Rv0288, ESAT-6 like protein EsxH, or Cfp7, is a conserved bacterial protein which effectively induces immune response to M. tuberculosis infection. It is a promissing vaccination tool.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Tb10.4 protein produced in E. coli
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Tb10.4 reacts with Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Tb10.4 (EsxH).
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Tb10.3, also known as EsxR, ESAT-6 like protein 9 (ES6_9), or Rv3019c, is an almost uncharacterized conserved bacterial protein.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant Tb10.3 protein (produced in E. coli)
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to Tb10.3 reacts with Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Tb10.3 (EsxR).
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63, do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins, and allow for discrimination between p63 isoforms TAp63 and deltaNp63 with opposite functional properties.
Synaptophysin (p38) is an integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles in brain and endocrine cells.Synaptophysin contains four transmembrane domains that form a hexameric channel or gap junction-like pore. Synaptophysin binds to the SNARE protein synaptobrevin/VAMP, which prevents the inclusion of synaptobrevin in the synaptic vesicle fusion complex and creates a pool of synaptobrevin for exocytosis when synapse activity increases. Synaptophysin is also responsible for targeting synaptobrevin 2/VAMP2 to synaptic vesicles, a critical component of the fusion complex.
Synaptophysin (p38) is an integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles in brain and endocrine cells.Synaptophysin contains four transmembrane domains that form a hexameric channel or gap junction-like pore. Synaptophysin binds to the SNARE protein synaptobrevin/VAMP, which prevents the inclusion of synaptobrevin in the synaptic vesicle fusion complex and creates a pool of synaptobrevin for exocytosis when synapse activity increases. Synaptophysin is also responsible for targeting synaptobrevin 2/VAMP2 to synaptic vesicles, a critical component of the fusion complex.
Syk is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase that translocates to the plasma membrane upon B cell antigen receptor (BCR) or the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) triggering, and phosphorylates downstream adaptor proteins, thereby providing docking sites for initiation of subsequent signaling pathways, such as calcium mobilization, cytoskeleton remodeling, or transcription of specific genes. Syk binds to the receptor assemblies through interactions of its pair of SH2 domains with ITAM motives of the receptor, which have been phosphorylated by Src-family kinases. These kinases also help to activate Syk by phosphorylation of its activation loop.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment (aa 5-360) of human Syk.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody SYK-01 reacts with protein tyrosine kinase p72Syk (Syk; an intracellular antigen), which is required for the transduction of signals through the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and the high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI).
Clone number:
SYK-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml; positive control: RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line, A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, RAMOS lymphoma cell line, U-937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, JURKAT human peripheral blood T cell leukemia cell line; negative control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line; non-reducing conditions. Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml; positive tissue: tonsil B cells.
STIM1 (stromal interacting molecule; also known as GOK) acts as a sensor of calcium depletion within the endoplasmic reticulum and transduces the signal to Orai1, the presumptive CRAC channel at the plasma membrane. Following decrease of luminal calcium concentration, STIM1 oligomerizes and induces Orai1 to enable entry of extracellular calcium into the cytoplasm. However, the precise mechanism of STIM1-Orai1 interaction has not been elucidated yet. Many questions also remain to be solved around STIM1 functional distribution. It turns out that STIM1 associates with growing ends of microtubules and is involved in endoplasmic reticulum tubule extension.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Synthetized peptide (C-terminal cytoplasmic part of STIM1).
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody CDN3H4 reacts with a cytoplasmic epitope of human and rodent STIM1, a 84 kDa essential and conserved regulator of store-operated Ca2+ channel function.
Clone number:
CDN3H4
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Methanol-aceton fixation; positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line.Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml.Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line; both reducing and non-reducing conditions.
STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in growth arrest, apoptosis promoting and tumour suppression. After ligation of cytokine receptors STAT1 becomes phosphorylated on Tyr701 by Janus kinase JAK1 or JAK2, dimerizes, translocates to nucleus and contacts DNA. STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers serve as more potent transcriptional inducers than STAT1 homodimers. STAT1 is also phosphorylated on Ser727 by MAPK pathway, independently of tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the both modifications are important for its maximal transcriptional activity. On the other hand, STAT1 phosphorylated on Ser727 is targeted for proteasomal degradation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
STAT1 peptide sequence 8-23 (QLDSKFLEQVHQLYD) conjugated to KLH.
Applications:
IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody SM2 recognizes an epitope included within amino acids 8-23 of STAT1, a 91 kDa transcriptional factor involved in a variety of systems including antiviral responses and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and gamma (IFN-gamma) signal transduction.
STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in growth arrest, apoptosis promoting and tumour suppression. After ligation of cytokine receptors STAT1 becomes phosphorylated on Tyr701 by Janus kinase JAK1 or JAK2, dimerizes, translocates to nucleus and contacts DNA. STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers serve as more potent transcriptional inducers than STAT1 homodimers. STAT1 is also phosphorylated on Ser727 by MAPK pathway, independently of tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the both modifications are important for its maximal transcriptional activity. On the other hand, STAT1 phosphorylated on Ser727 is targeted for proteasomal degradation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
STAT1 peptide sequence 721-733 (DNLLPMSPEEFDE).
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody SM1 recognizes an epitope included within amino acids 721-733 of STAT1, a 91 kDa transcriptional factor involved in a variety of systems including antiviral responses and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and gamma (IFN-gamma) signal transduction.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Splicing factor 1 also known as zinc finger protein 162 (ZFM162) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SF1 gene. This gene encodes a nuclear pre-mRNA splicing factor. The encoded protein specifically recognizes the intron branch point sequence at the 3' splice site, together with the large subunit of U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), and is required for the early stages of spliceosome assembly. It also plays a role in nuclear pre-mRNA retention and transcriptional repression. The encoded protein contains an N-terminal U2AF ligand motif, a central hnRNP K homology motif and quaking 2 region which bind a key branch-site adenosine within the branch point sequence, a zinc knuckles domain, and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Splicing factor 1 also known as zinc finger protein 162 (ZFM162) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SF1 gene. This gene encodes a nuclear pre-mRNA splicing factor. The encoded protein specifically recognizes the intron branch point sequence at the 3' splice site, together with the large subunit of U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), and is required for the early stages of spliceosome assembly. It also plays a role in nuclear pre-mRNA retention and transcriptional repression. The encoded protein contains an N-terminal U2AF ligand motif, a central hnRNP K homology motif and quaking 2 region which bind a key branch-site adenosine within the branch point sequence, a zinc knuckles domain, and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Transcription factor Sp1, also known as specificity protein 1* is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SP1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many promoters. The encoded protein is involved in many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, cell growth, apoptosis, immune responses, response to DNA damage, and chromatin remodeling. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic processing significantly affect the activity of this protein, which can be an activator or a repressor. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
SOX2 is a transcription factor which is a member of SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family. It has a role in the regulation of embryonic development and pluripotency of stem cells. It can be useful especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma diagnostic with panel of other relative markers of squamous carcinoma like P63/P40 and CK5/CK14 for example.
SOX2 is a transcription factor which is a member of SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family. It has a role in the regulation of embryonic development and pluripotency of stem cells. It can be useful especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma diagnostic with panel of other relative markers of squamous carcinoma like P63/P40 and CK5/CK14 for example.
This gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional activator after forming a protein complex with other proteins. This protein acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein and is important for neural crest and peripheral nervous system development. SOX10 is important and sensitive marker of melanoma especially for spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas and schwannian neoplasms.
This gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional activator after forming a protein complex with other proteins. This protein acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein and is important for neural crest and peripheral nervous system development. SOX10 is important and sensitive marker of melanoma especially for spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas and schwannian neoplasms.
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (son-of-sevenless) is a complex multidomain protein that activates the small GTPase Ras (H-Ras, K-Ras, N-Ras, but not functionally distinct R-Ras) in response to receptor tyrosine kinase stimulation. Nucleotide exchange activity of Sos is stimulated by allosteric Ras binding. By another (separable) guanine exchange factor domain domain Sos modulates activity of Rac/Rho GTPases. Sos thus integrates signals that affect both gene expression and cytoskeletal reorganization; the Sos-mediated Ras-activation and Rac activation differ in composition and stability of the formed complex.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide corresponding to amino acids THPSMHRDGPPLLENAHSS of human Sos protein.
Applications:
WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody SOS-01 reacts with human Sos, an ubiquitously expressed 150 kDa intracellular protein.
Clone number:
SOS-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line, reducing conditions.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SORD gene. Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) catalyzes the interconversion of polyols and their corresponding ketoses, and together with aldose reductase, makes up the sorbitol pathway that is believed to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. The first reaction of the pathway (also called the polyol pathway) is the reduction of glucose to sorbitol by ALDR1 with NADPH as the cofactor. SORD then oxidizes the sorbitol to fructose using NAD(+) cofactor. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
The preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells.
The preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human SOD2, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: SOD2(Superoxide Dismutase 2), also called IPO-B or MNSOD, is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that scavenges oxygen radicals produced by the extensive oxidation-reduction and electron transport reactions occurring in mitochondria. This gene is a member of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. Using a somatic cell hybrid panel containing different segments of chromosome 6, they demonstrated that SOD2 is located in the region 6q25.3-qter which, together with the FISH analysis, indicated that SOD2 is in the distal portion of 6q25. The SOD2 gene encodes an intramitochondrial free radical scavenging enzyme that is the first line of defense against superoxide produced as a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. Adeno-associated viral delivery of the human SOD2 gene resulted in suppression of optic nerve degeneration and rescue of retinal ganglion cells. The findings suggested that reactive oxygen species contributed to retinal cell death and optic nerve damage in mice with complex I deficiency, and that expression of SOD2 attenuated the disease process. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is one of three superoxide dismutases with SOD1 being the principal cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase in humans. It binds copper and zinc ions for its activity and stability and plays a major role in redox potential regulation. It catalyses the transformation of the superoxide anion (O2?) into hydrogen peroxide. SOD1 variants are a common cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
100 µg in 100 µl PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
If you would like us to check if this antibody is likely to bind to this protein from a different species please contact us. We are happy to check for you.
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
WB 1:500-2000. IHC 1:50-200.
Category:
Primary Antibodies
Other names:
ALS, ALS1, HEL-S-44, IPOA, SOD, hSod1, homodimer
Research Areas:
Neuroscience
NS Reagents Product Area:
Neuroscience
Molecular Weight:
16kDa (Intended as a general guide and does not allow for all isoforms and species variations)
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is one of three superoxide dismutases with SOD1 being the principal cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase in humans. It binds copper and zinc ions for its activity and stability and plays a major role in redox potential regulation. It catalyses the transformation of the superoxide anion (O2?) into hydrogen peroxide. SOD1 variants are a common cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
50 µg in 50 µl PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
If you would like us to check if this antibody is likely to bind to this protein from a different species please contact us. We are happy to check for you.
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about whether this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Application Details:
WB 1:500-2000. IHC 1:50-200.
Category:
Primary Antibodies
Other names:
ALS, ALS1, HEL-S-44, IPOA, SOD, hSod1, homodimer
Research Areas:
Neuroscience
NS Reagents Product Area:
Neuroscience
Molecular Weight:
16kDa (Intended as a general guide and does not allow for all isoforms and species variations)
SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3), also known as CIS3 (cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 3) is a negative regulator of particular cytokine signaling pathways. SOCS3 is induced by a variety of cytokines and other stimuli, such as erythropoietin, leptin and lipopolysaccharides and inhibits tyrosinkinase activity of JAK kinases, or e.g. JNK phosphorylation. SOCS3 modulates cytokine-mediated and neoplastic-proliferative responses and is involved also in maintaining leukocytes in quiescent state until antigen stimulation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Full-length SOCS3 protein.
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The antibody SO1 reacts with SOCS3, an intracellular cytokine signaling inhibitor.
Clone number:
SO1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Application Details:
Western blotting: Positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line, reducing conditions.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 also known as 100 kDa coactivator or Tudor domain-containing protein 11 (TDRD11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SND1 gene. This gene encodes a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with the acidic domain of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2), a transcriptional activator that is required for B-lymphocyte transformation. Other transcription factors that interact with this protein are signal transducers and activators of transcription, STATs. This protein is also thought to be essential for normal cell growth. A similar protein in mammals and other organisms is a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 also known as 100 kDa coactivator or Tudor domain-containing protein 11 (TDRD11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SND1 gene. This gene encodes a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with the acidic domain of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2), a transcriptional activator that is required for B-lymphocyte transformation. Other transcription factors that interact with this protein are signal transducers and activators of transcription, STATs. This protein is also thought to be essential for normal cell growth. A similar protein in mammals and other organisms is a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Smad2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2), also known as MADR2, MADH2, SMAD family member 2 or SMAD2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD2 gene. MAD homolog 2 belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. Eppert et al. mapped the MADR2 gene close to DPC4 at 18q21, a region which is frequently deleted in colorectal cancers. Riggins et al. mapped the human MADH2 gene to 18q21. Nakao et al. refined the localization of the SMAD2 gene to 18q21.1, approximately 3 Mb proximal to DPC4, by fluorescence in situ hybridization. SMAD2 mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
SLP76 (SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa) is a cytosolic adaptor protein which translocates to the plasma mambrane and is involved in multiple signaling pathways in T cells, mast cells, neutrophils and platelets; B cells express its analog SLP65/BLNK (B cell linker protein). SLP76 is phosphorylated by Syk-family and Tec-family tyrosine kinases and couples them to the phosphorylation and activation of PLC-gamma. Via Gads or Grb2, SLP76 also associates with LAT adaptor by involvement of SLP76 proline-rich region. The SH2 domain of SLP76 has been identified as the region involved in binding the serine/threonine kinase HPK1. HPK1 may act as both a positive and a negative regulator by promoting the Jnk-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and inhibiting the pathway leading to AP-1 activation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed fusion protein representing amino acids 216-434 of human SLP76 with histidine tag
Applications:
WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The monoclonal antibody reacts with SLP76, a 76kDa cytosolic adaptor protein that is involved in signaling of various hematopoietic cells, such as T cells, mast cells or neutrophils; in B cells, however, it is replaced by SLP65.
SLP76 (SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa) is a cytosolic adaptor protein which translocates to the plasma mambrane and is involved in multiple signaling pathways in T cells, mast cells, neutrophils and platelets; B cells express its analog SLP65/BLNK (B cell linker protein). SLP76 is phosphorylated by Syk-family and Tec-family tyrosine kinases and couples them to the phosphorylation and activation of PLC-gamma. Via Gads or Grb2, SLP76 also associates with LAT adaptor by involvement of SLP76 proline-rich region. The SH2 domain of SLP76 has been identified as the region involved in binding the serine/threonine kinase HPK1. HPK1 may act as both a positive and a negative regulator by promoting the Jnk-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and inhibiting the pathway leading to AP-1 activation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed fusion protein representing amino acids 216-434 of human SLP76 with histidine tag
Applications:
WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The polyclonal antibody reacts with SLP76, a 76kDa cytosolic adaptor protein that is involved in signaling of various hematopoietic cells, such as T cells, mast cells or neutrophils; in B cells, however, it is replaced by SLP65.
Clone number:
PAb (412)
Application Details:
Western blotting: Positive control: JURKAT human T cell leukemia cell lysate, reducing conditions; Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml, positive tissue: thymus.
E.coli-derived human SLC4A1 (Position: E28-N365). Human SLC4A1 shares 75.7% and 74.5% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with and rat SLC4A1, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Band 3 is also known as SLC4A1. The protein encoded by this gene is part of the anion exchanger (AE) family and is expressed in the erythrocyte plasma membrane, where it functions as a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger involved in carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs. The protein comprises two domains that are structurally and functionally distinct. The N-terminal 40kDa domain is located in the cytoplasm and acts as an attachment site for the red cell skeleton by binding ankyrin. The glycosylated C-terminal membrane-associated domain contains 12-14 membrane spanning segments and carries out the stilbene disulphonate-sensitive exchange transport of anions. The cytoplasmic tail at the extreme C-terminus of the membrane domain binds carbonic anhydrase II. The encoded protein associates with the red cell membrane protein glycophorin A and this association promotes the correct folding and translocation of the exchanger. This protein is predominantly dimeric but forms tetramers in the presence of ankyrin. Many mutations in this gene are known in man, and these mutations can lead to two types of disease: destabilization of red cell membrane leading to hereditary spherocytosis, and defective kidney acid secretion leading to distal renal tubular acidosis. Other mutations that do not give rise to disease result in novel blood group antigens, which form the Diego blood group system. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
SIT (SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein) is expressed exclusively in lymphoid organs and acts either as a positive or as a negative regulatory element in T cell activation and in T cell development. Binding to Grb2 plays a pivotal role in signal transduction. Hubener et al. (2001) determined that the SIT gene contains 5 exons and spans 1.8 kb of genomic DNA. The SIT promoter demonstrated strong transcriptional activity and potential binding sites for both ubiquitous and lymphoid-specific transcription factors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially produced recombinant intracellular fragment of human SIT.
Applications:
FC,IP,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody SIT-01 reacts with an intracellular epitope of SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein (SIT) expressed exclusively in lymphoid organs. It weakly crossreacts with murine SIT.
Clone number:
SIT-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining. Western blotting: SIT migrates as an approximately 40 kDa protein that is reduced to approximately 20 kDa by endoglycosidase treatment.
SIT (SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein) is expressed exclusively in lymphoid organs and acts either as a positive or as a negative regulatory element in T cell activation and in T cell development. Binding to Grb2 plays a pivotal role in signal transduction. Hubener et al. (2001) determined that the SIT gene contains 5 exons and spans 1.8 kb of genomic DNA. The SIT promoter demonstrated strong transcriptional activity and potential binding sites for both ubiquitous and lymphoid-specific transcription factors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially produced recombinant intracellular fragment of human SIT.
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody SIT-01 reacts with an intracellular epitope of SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein (SIT) expressed exclusively in lymphoid organs. It weakly crossreacts with murine SIT.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: This gene encodes the cytosolic form of serine hydroxymethyltransferase, a pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This reaction provides one-carbon units for synthesis of methionine, thymidylate, and purines in the cytoplasm. This gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
SHIP-1 (SH2 domain containing inositol phosphatase-1) is a 5´inositol phosphatase that regulates cell responses in lymphocytes and myeloid cells by hydrolyzing the second messenger PI(3,4,5) trisphosphate. SHIP-1 is recruited upon engagement of both inhibitory and activatory receptors, such as FcgammaRIIB, Fcgamma RIII, FcepsilonRI or cytokine and growth factor receptors, and supresses PI3K-dependent signaling, down-regulates cell migration and invasion of transformed cells and phagocytosis. SHIP-1 also serves as a scaffold for the recruitment of other proteins to the plasma membrane.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide coresponding to a sequence within N-terminal domain of Human SHIP-1.
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody SHIP-01 reacts with SHIP-1, a phosphoinositide phosphatase largely confined to hematopoietic cells (intracellular antigen). Multiple forms of SHIP-1 have been reported with molecular weights of 110, 125, 130, 135 and 145 kDa.
Clone number:
SHIP-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml; positive control: human blood leukocytes. Western blotting: Positive control: RAMOS human cell line, reducing conditions.
SHIP-1 (SH2 domain containing inositol phosphatase-1) is a 5´inositol phosphatase that regulates cell responses in lymphocytes and myeloid cells by hydrolyzing the second messenger PI(3,4,5) trisphosphate. SHIP-1 is recruited upon engagement of both inhibitory and activatory receptors, such as FcgammaRIIB, Fcgamma RIII, FcepsilonRI or cytokine and growth factor receptors, and supresses PI3K-dependent signaling, down-regulates cell migration and invasion of transformed cells and phagocytosis. SHIP-1 also serves as a scaffold for the recruitment of other proteins to the plasma membrane.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide coresponding to a sequence within N-terminal domain of Human SHIP-1.
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody SHIP-02 reacts with SHIP-1, a phosphoinositide phosphatase largely confined to hematopoietic cells. Multiple forms of SHIP-1 have been reported with molecular weights of 110, 125, 130, 135 and 145 kDa.
Clone number:
SHIP-02
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml; positive control: human blood leukocytes. Western blotting: Positive control: RAMOS human cell line, reducing conditions.
SCIMP (SLP adaptor and Csk interacting membrane protein), also known as Nvl, is a palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed in professional antigen presenting cells, most prominently in the lymph nodes and spleen. It is associated with tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (together with MHC II). There is a close relationship between SCIMP and tyrosinkinase Lyn, which is constitutively bound to it by its SH3 domain. After MHC II-mediated stimulation in the immunological synapse SCIMP becomes phosphorylated at several tyrosine residues and provides docking sites for Grb2 and SLP65 or SLP76 adaptors transducing the signal downstream, as well as for the kinase Csk with modulatory roles.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant intracellular part of human SCIMP
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody NVL-07 recognizes intracellular part of human transmembrane adaptor SCIMP. This protein of 17 kDa predicted Mw migrates as a 22 kDa band on SDS PAGE.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAMHD1 gene. This gene may play a role in regulation of the innate immune response. The encoded protein is upregulated in response to viral infection and may be involved in mediation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha proinflammatory responses. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAMHD1 gene. This gene may play a role in regulation of the innate immune response. The encoded protein is upregulated in response to viral infection and may be involved in mediation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha proinflammatory responses. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
TCR alpha/beta-negative CD3-positive rat T cell hybridoma III.89.1.4 line
Applications:
FA,FC,IP,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody V65 recognizes an extracellular epitope of TCR gamma/delta, the subtype of T cell receptor expressed mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
TCR alpha/beta-negative CD3-positive rat T cell hybridoma III.89.1.4 line
Applications:
FC,IP,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody V65 recognizes an extracellular epitope of TCR gamma/delta, the subtype of T cell receptor expressed mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
TCR alpha/beta-negative CD3-positive rat T cell hybridoma III.89.1.4 line
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody V65 recognizes an extracellular epitope of TCR gamma/delta, the subtype of T cell receptor expressed mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Rat T blasts and erythrocytes
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,FA,FC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal R73 recognizes an extracellular epitope TCR alpha/beta, the dominant subtype of T cell receptor expressed in peripheral blood.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Rat T blasts and erythrocytes
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal R73 recognizes an extracellular epitope TCR alpha/beta, the dominant subtype of T cell receptor expressed in peripheral blood.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Rat T blasts and erythrocytes
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal R73 recognizes an extracellular epitope TCR alpha/beta, the dominant subtype of T cell receptor expressed in peripheral blood.
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Rat T blasts and erythrocytes
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal R73 recognizes an extracellular epitope TCR alpha/beta, the dominant subtype of T cell receptor expressed in peripheral blood.
PLSCR1 (phospholipid scramblase 1) is a multiply palmitoylated endofacial plasma membrane protein containing several SH3 and WW domain binding motives. In the plasma membrane, PLSCR1 plays a role in transbilayer lipid redistributions and signal transduction. Nonpalmitoylated PLSCR1, however, is able to be transported into the nucleus and bind DNA. PLSCR1 potentiates the antiviral activity of interferon and its expression is highly induced by interferons and growth factors.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Pooled lipid raft fraction isolated from RBL-2H3 cells
Applications:
IP,WB,ICC,FC
Additional Info:
The antibody 13A6 [TEC-23] binds to an intracellular epitope of rat Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), an 37-49 kDa protein, accelerating bidirectional movement of plasma membrane phospholipids under conditions of elevated calcium.
Clone number:
13A6 [TEC-23]
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml, positive control: RBL (rat basophilic leukemia) cell line; both reducing and non-reducing conditions.Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining.
The CD8b (CD8 beta) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
CD8 positive Wistar rat splenic T cell hybridomas
Applications:
FC,WB,FA,IP,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 341 (also known as 34.1) recognizes rat CD8b, the 32-34 kDa beta chain of the CD8 coreceptor (extracellular epitope), expressed on T cell subsets and some other cell types, such as macrophages.
The CD8b (CD8 beta) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
CD8 positive Wistar rat splenic T cell hybridomas
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 341 (also known as 34.1) recognizes rat CD8b, the 32-34 kDa beta chain of the CD8 coreceptor (extracellular epitope), expressed on T cell subsets and some other cell types, such as macrophages.
The CD8b (CD8 beta) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
CD8 positive Wistar rat splenic T cell hybridomas
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 341 (also known as 34.1) recognizes rat CD8b, the 32-34 kDa beta chain of the CD8 coreceptor (extracellular epitope), expressed on T cell subsets and some other cell types, such as macrophages.
The CD8b (CD8 beta) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
CD8 positive Wistar rat splenic T cell hybridomas
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 341 (also known as 34.1) recognizes rat CD8b, the 32-34 kDa beta chain of the CD8 coreceptor (extracellular epitope), expressed on T cell subsets and some other cell types, such as macrophages.
The CD8a (CD8 alpha) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
High Mw glycoproteins from rat thymocytes
Applications:
WB,IHC,FA,FC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-8 recognizes the hinge-like membrane-proximal extracellular domain of rat CD8a (32-34 kDa; alpha chain of the CD8 antigen).
The CD8a (CD8 alpha) subunit of CD8 T cell coreceptor is expressed in CD8 alpha/beta heterodimers on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and in CD8 alpha/alpha homodimers on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha/beta but not alpha/alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
High Mw glycoproteins from rat thymocytes
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-8 recognizes the hinge-like membrane-proximal extracellular domain of rat CD8a (32-34 kDa; alpha chain of the CD8 antigen).
CD4 (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to immunoglobulin supergene family. In extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). Transmembrane region forms 25 aa, cytoplasmic tail consists of 38 aa. Domains 1,2 and 4 are stabilized by disulfide bonds. The intracellular domain of CD4 is associated with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. Extracellular ligands: MHC class II molecules (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); HIV envelope protein gp120 (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); IL-16 (binds to CD4 domain 3), human seminal plasma glycoprotein gp17 (binds to CD4 domain 1), L-selectin. Intracellular ligands: p56LckCD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus; CD4 is primary receptor for HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120). CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell diferentiation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MLR generated rat Th cells
Applications:
FC,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-35 reacts with an extracellular epitope of rat CD4 transmembrane glycoprotein (55 kDa).
CD4 (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to immunoglobulin supergene family. In extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). Transmembrane region forms 25 aa, cytoplasmic tail consists of 38 aa. Domains 1,2 and 4 are stabilized by disulfide bonds. The intracellular domain of CD4 is associated with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. Extracellular ligands: MHC class II molecules (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); HIV envelope protein gp120 (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); IL-16 (binds to CD4 domain 3), human seminal plasma glycoprotein gp17 (binds to CD4 domain 1), L-selectin. Intracellular ligands: p56LckCD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus; CD4 is primary receptor for HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120). CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell diferentiation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MLR generated rat Th cells
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-35 reacts with an extracellular epitope of rat CD4 transmembrane glycoprotein (55 kDa).
CD4 (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to immunoglobulin supergene family. In extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). Transmembrane region forms 25 aa, cytoplasmic tail consists of 38 aa. Domains 1,2 and 4 are stabilized by disulfide bonds. The intracellular domain of CD4 is associated with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. Extracellular ligands: MHC class II molecules (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); HIV envelope protein gp120 (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); IL-16 (binds to CD4 domain 3), human seminal plasma glycoprotein gp17 (binds to CD4 domain 1), L-selectin. Intracellular ligands: p56LckCD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus; CD4 is primary receptor for HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120). CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell diferentiation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MLR generated rat Th cells
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-35 reacts with an extracellular epitope of rat CD4 transmembrane glycoprotein (55 kDa).
CD4 (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to immunoglobulin supergene family. In extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). Transmembrane region forms 25 aa, cytoplasmic tail consists of 38 aa. Domains 1,2 and 4 are stabilized by disulfide bonds. The intracellular domain of CD4 is associated with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. Extracellular ligands: MHC class II molecules (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); HIV envelope protein gp120 (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); IL-16 (binds to CD4 domain 3), human seminal plasma glycoprotein gp17 (binds to CD4 domain 1), L-selectin. Intracellular ligands: p56LckCD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus; CD4 is primary receptor for HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120). CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell diferentiation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MLR generated rat Th cells
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OX-35 reacts with an extracellular epitope of rat CD4 transmembrane glycoprotein (55 kDa).
CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor which provides to the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 that are expressed by antigen presenting cells. Besides its costimulation role CD28 functions in preventing T cells from anergic hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. CD28 is also expressed on human fetal NK cells and some NK cell lines, whereas on murine NK cells the CD28 expression is much broader.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mouse A20J B lymphoma cells transfected with rat CD28
Applications:
FA,FC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody JJ319 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD28, a disulfide-linked homodimeric type I glycoprotein (monomer of Mw 44 kDa) which is a critical costimulatory receptor of T cells.
CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor which provides to the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 that are expressed by antigen presenting cells. Besides its costimulation role CD28 functions in preventing T cells from anergic hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. CD28 is also expressed on human fetal NK cells and some NK cell lines, whereas on murine NK cells the CD28 expression is much broader.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mouse A20J B lymphoma cells transfected with rat CD28
Applications:
FC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody JJ319 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD28, a disulfide-linked homodimeric type I glycoprotein (monomer of Mw 44 kDa) which is a critical costimulatory receptor of T cells.
CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor which provides to the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 that are expressed by antigen presenting cells. Besides its costimulation role CD28 functions in preventing T cells from anergic hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. CD28 is also expressed on human fetal NK cells and some NK cell lines, whereas on murine NK cells the CD28 expression is much broader.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mouse A20J B lymphoma cells transfected with rat CD28
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody JJ319 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD28, a disulfide-linked homodimeric type I glycoprotein (monomer of Mw 44 kDa) which is a critical costimulatory receptor of T cells.
CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor which provides to the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 that are expressed by antigen presenting cells. Besides its costimulation role CD28 functions in preventing T cells from anergic hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. CD28 is also expressed on human fetal NK cells and some NK cell lines, whereas on murine NK cells the CD28 expression is much broader.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Mouse A20J B lymphoma cells transfected with rat CD28
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody JJ319 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD28, a disulfide-linked homodimeric type I glycoprotein (monomer of Mw 44 kDa) which is a critical costimulatory receptor of T cells.
CD161, also known as Nkrp1 (natural killer receptor protein 1) or Klrb1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily b member 1), is a disulphide-linked homodimeric receptor, which is involved in regulation of NK cell and NKT cell function. It is expressed on rat NK cells, subset of T cells, dendritic cells, and activated monocytes. Although human CD161 is expressed as one isoform, the rat CD161 has three isoforms, referred to as CD161a, b, and c. These proteins contain C-terminal C-type lectin extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and N-terminal intracellular domain, which contains ITIM motif, such as CD161b, and displays inhibitory function, or does not contain ITIM motif, thus also not the inhibitory function, such as CD161a.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Splenic cells purified from the LEW rat
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,RIA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 10/78 recognizes CD161, an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane C-type lectin receptor, expressed on the plasma membrane of NK cells, dendritic cells, activated monocytes and a subset of T cells as a disulphide-linked homodimer. A common extracellular epitope on rat CD161a and b isoforms is detected.
CD161, also known as Nkrp1 (natural killer receptor protein 1) or Klrb1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily b member 1), is a disulphide-linked homodimeric receptor, which is involved in regulation of NK cell and NKT cell function. It is expressed on rat NK cells, subset of T cells, dendritic cells, and activated monocytes. Although human CD161 is expressed as one isoform, the rat CD161 has three isoforms, referred to as CD161a, b, and c. These proteins contain C-terminal C-type lectin extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and N-terminal intracellular domain, which contains ITIM motif, such as CD161b, and displays inhibitory function, or does not contain ITIM motif, thus also not the inhibitory function, such as CD161a.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Splenic cells purified from the LEW rat
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 10/78 recognizes CD161, an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane C-type lectin receptor, expressed on the plasma membrane of NK cells, dendritic cells, activated monocytes and a subset of T cells as a disulphide-linked homodimer. A common extracellular epitope on rat CD161a and b isoforms is detected.
CD161, also known as Nkrp1 (natural killer receptor protein 1) or Klrb1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily b member 1), is a disulphide-linked homodimeric receptor, which is involved in regulation of NK cell and NKT cell function. It is expressed on rat NK cells, subset of T cells, dendritic cells, and activated monocytes. Although human CD161 is expressed as one isoform, the rat CD161 has three isoforms, referred to as CD161a, b, and c. These proteins contain C-terminal C-type lectin extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and N-terminal intracellular domain, which contains ITIM motif, such as CD161b, and displays inhibitory function, or does not contain ITIM motif, thus also not the inhibitory function, such as CD161a.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Splenic cells purified from the LEW rat
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 10/78 recognizes CD161, an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane C-type lectin receptor, expressed on the plasma membrane of NK cells, dendritic cells, activated monocytes and a subset of T cells as a disulphide-linked homodimer. A common extracellular epitope on rat CD161a and b isoforms is detected.
R-Ras2 / TC21 is the only member of R-Ras family of small GTPases that shows transforming activities similar to H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras, and it is also structurally similar to them. R-Ras2 seems to play an important role in activating signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Its mutations are associated with the growth of certain tumors, but also overexpression of the wild type form of R-Ras2 has been frequently detected in various carcinomas. Pseudogenes of R-Ras2 gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human TC21
Applications:
FC,WB,ELISA,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-50 recognizes R-Ras2 / TC21 protein (intracellular antigen) and does not react with R-Ras1, H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras.
R-Ras2 / TC21 is the only member of R-Ras family of small GTPases that shows transforming activities similar to H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras, and it is also structurally similar to them. R-Ras2 seems to play an important role in activating signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Its mutations are associated with the growth of certain tumors, but also overexpression of the wild type form of R-Ras2 has been frequently detected in various carcinomas. Pseudogenes of R-Ras2 gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human TC21
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-50 recognizes R-Ras2 / TC21 protein (intracellular antigen) and does not react with R-Ras1, H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras.
Ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) is a multi-functional protein, that is an important component of 40S ribosomal subunit, and binds to lamin. Higher expression of RPSA is characteristic for many carcinomas, and correlates with their invasivity and metastatic potential. It has also been described, that RPSA interacts with amyloid beta peptide during Alzheimer´s disease.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
REPRLLVVTDPRADHQP
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA,IP,FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody RP-01 recognizes ribosomal protein SA (RPSA), which is important for formation and stability of 40S ribosomal subunit, and is overexpressed in many carcinomas.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a subunit of the heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA) complex, which binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), forming a nucleoprotein complex that plays an important role in DNA metabolism, being involved in DNA replication, repair, recombination, telomere maintenance, and co-ordinating the cellular response to DNA damage through activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) kinase. The RPA complex protects single-stranded DNA from nucleases, prevents formation of secondary structures that would interfere with repair, and co-ordinates the recruitment and departure of different genome maintenance factors. The heterotrimeric complex has two different modes of ssDNA binding, a low-affinity and high-affinity mode, determined by which oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) domains of the complex are utilized, and differing in the length of DNA bound. This subunit contains a single OB domain that participates in high-affinity DNA binding and also contains a winged helix domain at its carboxy terminus, which interacts with many genome maintenance protein. Post-translational modifications of the RPA complex also plays a role in co-ordinating different damage response pathways. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
RLTPR / CARMIL2 (RGD motif, leucine rich repeats, tropomodulin domain and proline-rich containing; capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2), also known as LRRC16C, is a cytosolic protein, which with high affinity binds CAPZA2 (capping protein muscle actin Z-line alpha 2) and decreases CAPZA2 affinity for actin barbed ends. RLTPR / CARMIL2 increases the rate of actin filament elongation from seeds in the presence of CAPZA2, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments. Its interaction with CAPZA2 is essential for lamellipodial protrusion and cell translocation. RLTPR / CARMIL2 is crutial for T cell costimulation via CD28 and this property seems to be independent on its actin-uncapping function. The lack of functional RLTPR / CARMIL2 molecules impeded the differentiation toward Th1 and Th17 fates of both human and murine CD4+ T cells and leads to combined immunodeficiency. Expression of RLTPR / CARMIL2 was also detected in human and murine B cells, but it seems not to be involved in BCR-mediated signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Murine RLTPR
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-53 recognizes RLTPR / CARMIL2, an intracellular protein playing a role in actin filament elongation.
RLTPR / CARMIL2 (RGD motif, leucine rich repeats, tropomodulin domain and proline-rich containing; capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2), also known as LRRC16C, is a cytosolic protein, which with high affinity binds CAPZA2 (capping protein muscle actin Z-line alpha 2) and decreases CAPZA2 affinity for actin barbed ends. RLTPR / CARMIL2 increases the rate of actin filament elongation from seeds in the presence of CAPZA2, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments. Its interaction with CAPZA2 is essential for lamellipodial protrusion and cell translocation. RLTPR / CARMIL2 is crutial for T cell costimulation via CD28 and this property seems to be independent on its actin-uncapping function. The lack of functional RLTPR / CARMIL2 molecules impeded the differentiation toward Th1 and Th17 fates of both human and murine CD4+ T cells and leads to combined immunodeficiency. Expression of RLTPR / CARMIL2 was also detected in human and murine B cells, but it seems not to be involved in BCR-mediated signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Murine RLTPR
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-53 recognizes RLTPR / CARMIL2, an intracellular protein playing a role in actin filament elongation.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human RNH1, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Ribonuclease inhibitor is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNH1 gene. Placental ribonuclease inhibitor (PRI) is a member of a family of proteinaceous cytoplasmic RNase inhibitors that occur in many tissues and bind to both intracellular and extracellular Rnases. In addition to control of intracellular RNases, the inhibitor may have a role in the regulation of angiogenin. Ribonuclease inhibitor, of 50,000 Da, binds to ribonucleases and holds them in a latent form. Since neutral and alkaline ribonucleases probably play a critical role in the turnover of RNA in eukaryotic cells, RNH may be essential for control of mRNA turnover; the interaction of eukaryotic cells with ribonuclease may be reversible in vivo. Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF1 gene. This gene encodes a protein that is part of a post-splicing multiprotein complex involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. mRNA surveillance detects exported mRNAs with truncated open reading frames and initiates nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). When translation ends upstream from the last exon-exon junction, this triggers NMD to degrade mRNAs containing premature stop codons. And this protein is located only in the cytoplasm. When translation ends, it interacts with the protein that is a functional homolog of yeast Upf2p to trigger mRNA decapping. Use of multiple polyadenylation sites has been noted for this gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. P-body. Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitous.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: PHB2 (Prohibitin 2), also called Repressor of Estrogen Receptor Activity (REA), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHB2 gene. The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the PHB2 gene to chromosome 12. Montano et al. (1999) showed that REA enhanced the potency of a dominant-negative ER-alpha mutant and antiestrogens as suppressors of ER-alpha activity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. When coexpressed with wildtype ER-alpha or ER-beta (ESR2), REA suppressed activation of a <a href="https://www.bosterbio.com/cells/reporter-cell-lines" style="color:#ea8d28">reporter gene</a> in a dose-dependent manner. REA had no effect on reporter activity in the absence of liganded ER, and it had no effect on the transcriptional activities of other hormone receptors. Mutation analysis showed that an N-terminal domain and a central domain of REA were required for its repressor activity. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CHC1, also named as RCC1, SNHG3-RCC1, promotes the exchange of ran-bound gdp by gtp. It is involved in the regulation of onset of chromosome condensation in the S-phase. Phosphorylation of RCC1 on serines located in or near its nuclear localization signal activates RCC1 to generate RanGTP on mitotic chromosomes, which is required for spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against residues near the C terminus of human RCC1. The geneID has updated as 1104 recently. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: RalA-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RALBP1 gene. Small G proteins, such as RAL, have GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, which shift from the inactive to the active state through the action of RALGDS, which in turn is activated by RAS. RALBP1 plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and is a downstream effector of the small GTP-binding protein RAL. RALBP1 is also the dominant transporter of lipid peroxidation-derived glutathione conjugates and participates in several mitotic events, including inactivation of endocytosis and separation and polar movement of centrioles and appropriate distribution of mitochondria to daughter cells following mitosis. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human RAGE, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by six amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. It interacts with distinct molecules implicated in homeostasis, development and inflammation, and certain diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. RAGE is also a central cell surface receptor for amphoterin and EN-RAGE. And RAGE is associated with sustained NF-kappaB activation in the diabetic microenvironment and has a central role in sensory neuronal dysfunction. Moreover, RAGE propagates cellular dysfunction in several inflammatory disorders and diabetes, and it also functions as an endothelial adhesion receptor promoting leukocyte recruitment. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB11A gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family which plays essential roles in vesicle and granule targeting. It is mapped to 15q22.31. RAB11A is associated with both constitutive and regulated secretory pathways, and may be involved in protein transport. Additionally, RAB11A can control intracellular trafficking of the innate immune receptor TLR4, and thereby also receptor signaling. It has been shown to interact with RAB11FIP2, RAB11FIP4, and RAB11FIP1 and so on. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2, also known as PTBP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PTBP2 gene. It is mapped to 1p21.3. The protein encoded by this gene binds to intronic polypyrimidine clusters in pre-mRNA molecules and is implicated in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. This protein is very similar to the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) but most of its isoforms are expressed primarily in the brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2, also known as PTBP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PTBP2 gene. It is mapped to 1p21.3. The protein encoded by this gene binds to intronic polypyrimidine clusters in pre-mRNA molecules and is implicated in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. This protein is very similar to the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) but most of its isoforms are expressed primarily in the brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTBP1 gene. It is mapped to 19p13.3. This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA-binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has four repeats of quasi-RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains that bind RNAs. This protein binds to the intronic polypyrimidine tracts that requires pre-mRNA splicing and acts via the protein degradation ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It may also promote the binding of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs. This protein is localized in the nucleoplasm and it is also detected in the perinucleolar structure. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as N-acetyl-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase I), folate hydrolase (FOLH1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an approximately 95-110 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in various tissues. In nervous system GCPII cleaves abundant N-acetylaspartylglutamate, which is released from neurons in a calcium-dependent manner, to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate. As immoderate glutamate concentration is neurotoxic, GCPII contributes to pathological conditions regarding e.g. Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, stroke or neuropathic pain and appears to be an interesting therapeutic target. In jejunum GCPII hydrolyzes pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to folate and glutamate, enabling folate to be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. GCPII, which is present in a number of tissues at low levels, is overexpressed in neovasculature of most solid tumours and is a target enzyme for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Normal human prostate express more mRNA coding for a cytosolic GCPII form truncated at the N-terminus (PSM´) than mRNA for membrane-bound GCPII, and this ratio is reversed upon malignant transformation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
amino acids 44-750 of human GCPII
Applications:
FC,IP,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody GCP-05 recognizes extracellular domain (preferentially in native form) of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase, FOLH1, PSMA), an approximately 95-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly in tumour neovasculatures, nervous system and jejunum, which is an important prostate tumour marker.
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as N-acetyl-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase I), folate hydrolase (FOLH1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an approximately 95-110 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in various tissues. In nervous system GCPII cleaves abundant N-acetylaspartylglutamate, which is released from neurons in a calcium-dependent manner, to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate. As immoderate glutamate concentration is neurotoxic, GCPII contributes to pathological conditions regarding e.g. Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, stroke or neuropathic pain and appears to be an interesting therapeutic target. In jejunum GCPII hydrolyzes pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to folate and glutamate, enabling folate to be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. GCPII, which is present in a number of tissues at low levels, is overexpressed in neovasculature of most solid tumours and is a target enzyme for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Normal human prostate express more mRNA coding for a cytosolic GCPII form truncated at the N-terminus (PSM´) than mRNA for membrane-bound GCPII, and this ratio is reversed upon malignant transformation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment of human GCPII (amino acids 44-750) produced in S2 cells
Applications:
WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody GCP-04 recognizes amino acids 100-104 of extracellular domain of denaturated glutamate carboxypeptidase II (PSMA, NAALADase, FOLH1), an approximately 95-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein.
Clone number:
GCP-04
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: LNCaP cell line. Sample preparation: Resuspend approx. 50 mil. cells in 1 ml cold lysis buffer (1% NP-40). Incubate 30 min on ice. Mix lysate with non-reducing/reducing Laemmli SDS-PAGE sample buffer. Both reducing and non-reducing conditions.
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as N-acetyl-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase I), folate hydrolase (FOLH1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an approximately 95-110 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in various tissues. In nervous system GCPII cleaves abundant N-acetylaspartylglutamate, which is released from neurons in a calcium-dependent manner, to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate. As immoderate glutamate concentration is neurotoxic, GCPII contributes to pathological conditions regarding e.g. Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, stroke or neuropathic pain and appears to be an interesting therapeutic target. In jejunum GCPII hydrolyzes pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to folate and glutamate, enabling folate to be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. GCPII, which is present in a number of tissues at low levels, is overexpressed in neovasculature of most solid tumours and is a target enzyme for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Normal human prostate express more mRNA coding for a cytosolic GCPII form truncated at the N-terminus (PSM´) than mRNA for membrane-bound GCPII, and this ratio is reversed upon malignant transformation.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
amino acids 44-750 of human GCPII
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody GCP-05 recognizes extracellular domain (preferentially in native form) of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase, FOLH1, PSMA), an approximately 95-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly in tumour neovasculatures, nervous system and jejunum, which is an important prostate tumour marker.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. This enzyme participates in the dissolution of the seminal fluid coagulum and plays an important role in fertility. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid; some PSA escapes the prostate and can be found in the serum. This serum component has been used to track the response to therapy in men with prostate cancer.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
30 kDa protein fraction prepared from human seminal plasma
Applications:
WB,IHC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody A67-B/E3 reacts with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a protein produced by normal prostate cells. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. This enzyme participates in the dissolution of the seminal fluid coagulum and plays an important role in fertility. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid; some PSA escapes the prostate and can be found in the serum. This serum component has been used to track the response to therapy in men with prostate cancer.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
30 kDa protein fraction prepared from human seminal plasma
Applications:
IHC,WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody A67-B/E3 reacts with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a protein produced by normal prostate cells. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid.
PRR7/TRAP3 (proline-rich 7, transmembrane adaptor protein 3) is a 28 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein ubiquitously expressed at low level (most in brain). Its amino acid sequence is extremely conserved among mammalian and other species. PRR7/TRAP3 contains potential palmitoylation motif and is found in lipid rafts. It is a part of the complex postsynaptic density fraction in neurons and associates with PSD-95, NMDA receptor and probably other proteins. The intracellular domain of PRR7/TRAP3 contains several tyrosines, a proline-rich sequence, and a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif. So far nothing is known about function of this protein. It may be involved in regulation of some receptor signaling and in formation of neurologic and immunologic synapse.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant C-terminal half of the intracellular domain of human PRR7/TRAP3 (amino acids 126-253)
Applications:
WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody TRAP3/10 recognizes an epitope located in the C-terminal part of the intracellular domain of PRR7/TRAP3 (amino acids 126-253 of human PRR7 / TRAP3), a 28 kDa proline-rich membrane protein presumably associated with NMDA receptor complex.
Clone number:
TRAP3/10
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; cell culture fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton-X100. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: murine brain lysate (red. Laemmli buffer).
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: F2 (Coagulation Factor II), also known as thrombin, is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the F2 gene. This gene for human prothrombin (F2) was assigned to chromosome 11p11-q12 by analysis of a panel of somatic cell hybrid DNAs and by in situ hybridization, using both cDNA and genomic probes. The activated thrombin enzyme plays an important role in hemostasis and thrombosis: it converts fibrinogen to fibrin for blood clot formation, stimulates platelet aggregation, and activates coagulation factors V, VIII (F8), and XIII (F13A1). Thrombin also inhibits coagulation by activating protein C. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
PRKAR2A (proteinkinase A regulatory type II alpha subunit), also known as PKR2, or PRKAR2, is a component of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex. The inactive kinase holoenzyme is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. The PRKAR2A subunit has been shown to regulate protein transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus and further to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In sperm, this antigen can be used as an intra-acrosomal marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
Applications:
ICC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody Hs-36 reacts with PRKAR2A (protein kinase A regulatory type II alpha subunit), an intra-acrosomal protein.
Clone number:
Hs-36
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; membrane permeabilization (acetone) is essential.
E.coli-derived human Peroxiredoxin 6 recombinant protein (Position: E15-P224). Human Peroxiredoxin 6 shares 90% and 91% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Peroxiredoxin 6, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: PRDX6 is also known as PRX, p29 or AOP2. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the thiol-specific antioxidant protein family. This protein is a bifunctional enzyme with two distinct active sites. It is involved in redox regulation of the cell; it can reduce H (2)O (2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides. It may play a role in the regulation of phospholipid turnover as well as in protection against oxidative injury.
Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Lysosome. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Also found in lung secretory organelles. Tissue Specificity:
PPM1D is a Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent protein phosphatase 1D with inducible expression in response to various types of environmental stress. This expression is p53-dependent, and subsequently PPM1D negatively regulates the p53-mediated transcription, thus it suppresses the apoptosis. PPM1D contributes to development of carcinomas, and seems to be a promissing therapeutic target. Amplification of PPM1D is associated with breast cancer.
E.coli-derived human PP2A-alpha recombinant protein (Position: M1-L309). Human PP2A-alpha shares 100% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat PP2A-alpha.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: The catalytic subunit of human protein phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) encodes a 309-amino acid polypeptide. It is localized to chromosome 5. The gene (approximately 30 kbp) is composed of seven exons and six introns. It is predicted to be important for phosphatase enzymatic activity. Methylation of the C-terminal leucine residue (Leu309) of protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2AC) is known to regulate catalytic activity in vitro. Furthermore, PP2A has a fundamental role in cardiac function, and suggests that disturbances in protein phosphatase expression and activity may cause or exacerbate the course of cardiac diseases. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Transferrin is a monomeric glycoprotein of approximately 77 kDa, which serves as an iron-transporter. In normal plasma, transferrin has a concentration of 25-50 µmol / liter, and is usually about one-third saturated with iron, thus providing a large buffering capacity in case of an acute increase in plasma iron levels. Cells take up transferrin-iron complexes (holotransferrin) using transferrin receptor dimers. Upon binding of holotransferrin, the receptor is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with its receptor (CD71) and recycles to the cell surface, where apotransferrin is released upon exposure to normal pH.
Internalization of labeled transferrin thus represents an usefull approach to study endocytosis. Serum concentration rises in iron deficiency and pregnancy and falls in iron overload, infection and inflammatory conditions. Iron/transferrin complex is essential in haemoglobin synthesis and for certain types of cell division.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Porcine transferrin
Applications:
ELISA,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody PTF-02 recognizes porcine serum transferrin, a 77 kDa single polypeptide chain glycoprotein (member of the iron binding family of proteins). It is synthesised in the liver and consists of two domains each having a high affinity reversible binding site for Fe3+.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human POR, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by five amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: POR is a membrane-boundenzyme required for electron transfer from NADPH to cytochrome P450 in the endoplasmic reticulum of theeukaryotic cell. The gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane oxidoreductase with an FAD-binding domain and a flavodoxin-like domain. The protein binds two cofactors, FAD and FMN, which allow it to donate electrons directly from NADPH to all microsomal P450 enzymes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various diseases, including apparent combined P450C17 and P450C21 deficiency, amenorrhea and disordered steroidogenesis, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Antley-Bixler syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Acrosin is a serine proteinase expressed in the acrosome of mature spermatozoa. This enzyme facilitates penetration of the sperm through the zona pellucida of the ovum.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Acid extracts of boar spermatozoa were subjected to hydrophobic chromatography and the pooled fraction with reactivity to N-alpha benzoylarginine-4-nitroanilide was used for immunization.
Applications:
FC,ICC,WB
Additional Info:
The antibody ACR-2 reacts with various forms of porcine acrosin (55, 53, 45 and 35 kDa), a typical serine proteinase with trypsin-like specificity. Acrosin is stored in the acrosome of undamaged spermatozoa.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human PNP, different from the related mouse sequence by six amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: The PNP gene encodes purine nucleoside phosphorylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of the purine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides inosine, guanosine, deoxyinosine, and deoxyguanosine. It is presented results from gene dosage studies consistent with assignment of the PNP locus to band 14q13. PNP is expressed in most tissues, with markedly greater expression in lymphoid tissues. Genetic deficiencies of PNP result in severely compromised Tlymphocyte function and neurologic dysfunction. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLCG2) PLCG2 is an enzyme mainly expressed in immune cells (including microglia) which are involved in innate immunity. It is involved in the transmembrane transduction of immune signals that determine the fate and function of various immune cell types.
PLCG2 has higher expression levels in pathologically afected brain regions in Alzheimers disease indicating that the immune system may play a key role in the development of Alzheimers disease and a polymorphism in phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCG2) has been reported to be protective against late onset Alzheimers disease (LOAD) [1].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal Antibody
Format:
50 µg in 50 µl Buffer: PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Expected Species:
Cat, Dog, Chimpanzee, Pig, Bovine
Immunogen:
Partial length recombinant human PLCG2 from the N-terminal region
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about if this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
[1] Sims R, van der Lee SJ, Naj AC, Bellenguez C, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J et al (2017) Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimers disease. Nat Genet 49:13731384.
Phospholipase C-gamma2 (PLCG2) PLCG2 is an enzyme mainly expressed in immune cells (including microglia) which are involved in innate immunity. It is involved in the transmembrane transduction of immune signals that determine the fate and function of various immune cell types.
PLCG2 has higher expression levels in pathologically afected brain regions in Alzheimers disease indicating that the immune system may play a key role in the development of Alzheimers disease and a polymorphism in phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCG2) has been reported to be protective against late onset Alzheimers disease (LOAD) [1].
Product Type:
NS Reagents Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal Antibody
Format:
100 µg in 100 µl Buffer: PBS with 0.03% Proclin300, 50% glycerol, pH7.3.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Expected Species:
Cat, Dog, Chimpanzee, Pig, Bovine
Immunogen:
Partial length recombinant human PLCG2 from the N-terminal region
If you would like further information regarding the immunogen used in the production of this antibody or have a query about if this antibody will bind to your protein/species please contact us and we can do the analysis for you.
[1] Sims R, van der Lee SJ, Naj AC, Bellenguez C, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J et al (2017) Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimers disease. Nat Genet 49:13731384.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human PKM2, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: PKM (Pyruvate Kinase, Muscle), also known as PK3 or PKM2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PKM gene. The activity of pyruvate kinase subtype M2 is increased by fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate (Fru-1, 6-P2). By in situ hybridization, Popescu and Cheng (1990) mapped the THBP1 gene to 15q24-q25. Ashizawa et al. (1991) manipulated the intracellular Fru-1, 6-P2 concentration in several mammalian cell lines, including human, by varying the glucose concentration in the media. Using a novel proteomic screen for phosphotyrosine-binding proteins, Christofk et al. (2008) observed that PKM2 binds directly and selectively to tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Protein kinase A (PKA, cAMP-dependent protein kinase) is a key element of a ubiquitous signaling pathway important in the cell cycle, cellular communication, memory formation and behavior. PKA is composed of two catalytic (PKAc; proteinkinase A catalytic subunit) and two regulatory subunits (PKAr). Upon binding cAMP, the complex dissociates to PKAr dimer and two activated PKAc ser/thr protein kinase catalytic monomers. The released PKAc can translocate into the nucleus and exert a regulatory role in the activation of multiple nuclear hormone receptors. However, PKAc-mediated activation of tonicity-dependent gene expression is cAMP independent. Humans express three types of PKAc subunit – PKAc alpha is present in most human tissues, PKAc beta and gamma are tissue-specific, the later is found in testes.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide corresponding to amino acids ESPAQNTAHLDQFERIK of human proteinkinase A c alpha (PKAc alpha).
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 6D2.1 strongly reacts with human proteinkinase A (an intracellular antigen) catalytic (PKAc) alpha subunit, and weakly with PKAc gamma subunit (both around 40 kDa). The recognized epitope of PKAc alpha is identical between man, sheep, pig, ox and dog.
Clone number:
6D2.1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line. To detect PKAc gamma, use a more concentrated lysate from a tissue expressing this subunit (testis).
The Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis antigen PilT (type IV pili nucleotide-binding protein) is a protein required for ATP-dependent pili retraction probably by filament disassembly. It is unique to type IV pili.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant PilT protein produced in E. coli
Applications:
WB,ELISA
Additional Info:
The rabbit polyclonal antibody to PilT reacts with Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis antigen PilT (FTT0088, also known as FTT_0088). The antibody does not react with Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica homolog.
Phosphohistone H3 (Ser10) (PHH3) is a histone protein, which complexes with the other histones to form the major constituents of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. Phosphorylation of serine 10 amino acid residues in histone H3 occurs only during mitosis late G2 phase. PHH3 is a useful marker for mitoses in several types of tumors and it is useful for identifying mitotic figures in tumors accurately.
Phosphohistone H3 (Ser10) (PHH3) is a histone protein, which complexes with the other histones to form the major constituents of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. Phosphorylation of serine 10 amino acid residues in histone H3 occurs only during mitosis late G2 phase. PHH3 is a useful marker for mitoses in several types of tumors and it is useful for identifying mitotic figures in tumors accurately.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human PGP9.5, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by two amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: UCH-L1, also known as PGP9.5, is a member of a gene family whose products hydrolyze small C-terminal adducts of ubiquitin to generate the ubiquitin monomer. Expression of UCH-L1 is highly specific to neurons and to cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and their tumors. It is abundantly present in all neurons (accounts for 1-2% of total brain protein), expressed specifically in neurons and testis/ovary. The catalytic triad of UCH-L1 contains a cysteine at position 90, an aspartate at position 176, and a histidine at position 161 that are responsible for its hydrolase activity. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Perforin is a 70 kDa cytolytic protein with structural and functional similarities to complement component 9 (C9). It is stored in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells and after its release it forms transmembrane pores in the target cells to kill it. As perforin is a key effector molecule for cell-mediated cytolysis, defects of its gene can cause severe disorders.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
purified granules from human YT lymphoma cell line
Applications:
FC,IP,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody dG9 (also known as deltaG9) recognizes perforin, a 70 kDa protein expressed in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells.
Perforin is a 70 kDa cytolytic protein with structural and functional similarities to complement component 9 (C9). It is stored in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells and after its release it forms transmembrane pores in the target cells to kill it. As perforin is a key effector molecule for cell-mediated cytolysis, defects of its gene can cause severe disorders.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
purified granules from human YT lymphoma cell line
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody dG9 (also known as deltaG9) recognizes perforin, a 70 kDa protein expressed in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells.
Clone number:
dG9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b k
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1, CD274) is a type 1 transmembrane protein with role in the regulation of cellular immune responses. PDL1 and its receptor PD-1, interacts and regulating T lymphocyte activation and immune tolerance. Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 interaction, it enhances the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes. PDL1 is commonly expressed in many tissues and cells, eg. placenta, tonsil and histiocytes. It over expressed in many human tumors such as non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), melanoma, DLBCL, and different kind of carcinomas. The staining pattern is membranous.
Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1, CD274) is a type 1 transmembrane protein with role in the regulation of cellular immune responses. PDL1 and its receptor PD-1, interacts and regulating T lymphocyte activation and immune tolerance. Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 interaction, it enhances the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes. PDL1 is commonly expressed in many tissues and cells, eg. placenta, tonsil and histiocytes. It over expressed in many human tumors such as non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), melanoma, DLBCL, and different kind of carcinomas. The staining pattern is membranous.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a member of the disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins that catalyze protein folding and thiol-disulfide interchange reactions. The encoded protein has an N-terminal ER-signal sequence, two catalytically active thioredoxin (TRX) domains, a TRX-like domain, and a C-terminal ER-retention sequence. This protein inhibits the aggregation of misfolded proteins and exhibits both isomerase and chaperone activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
PDE8a (high affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3´,5´-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8 A) is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, which hydrolyzes cAMP, an important regulator and mediator of multiple cellular responses to extracellular signals. It is expressed in a wide variety of tissues including testis, ovary, small intestine, and colon. It is not expressed e.g. in thymus. PDE8a is composed of C-terminal catalytic domain containing two putative divalent metal sites and an N-terminal regulatory domain.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human PDE8a
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-52 recognizes PDE8a (phosphodiesterase 8 A), an approximately 93 kDa intracellular enzyme that hydrolyzes cAMP to 5'AMP.
Clone number:
EM-52
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Photon absorption triggers a signaling cascade in rod photoreceptors that activates cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), resulting in the rapid hydrolysis of cGMP, closure of cGMP-gated cation channels, and hyperpolarization of the cell. PDE is a peripheral membrane heterotrimeric enzyme made up of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. This gene encodes the beta subunit. Mutations in this gene result in retinitis pigmentosa and autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Photon absorption triggers a signaling cascade in rod photoreceptors that activates cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), resulting in the rapid hydrolysis of cGMP, closure of cGMP-gated cation channels, and hyperpolarization of the cell. PDE is a peripheral membrane heterotrimeric enzyme made up of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. This gene encodes the beta subunit. Mutations in this gene result in retinitis pigmentosa and autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) is the DNA polymerase delta auxiliary protein acting in homotrimeric form to increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. PCNA is expressed in the nucleus of all proliferating cells. In response to DNA damage, it is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. PCNA is a useful marker of DNA synthesis, as its form not involved in DNA synthesis degradates in histological preparations in the presence of organic solvents.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
recombinant rat PCNA
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody PC10 (also known as 3F81) recognizes PCNA, a 36 kDa conserved nuclear protein serving as a cofactor for DNA synthesis.
PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) is the DNA polymerase delta auxiliary protein acting in homotrimeric form to increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. PCNA is expressed in the nucleus of all proliferating cells. In response to DNA damage, it is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. PCNA is a useful marker of DNA synthesis, as its form not involved in DNA synthesis degradates in histological preparations in the presence of organic solvents.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
recombinant rat PCNA
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody PC10 (also known as 3F81) recognizes PCNA, a 36 kDa conserved nuclear protein serving as a cofactor for DNA synthesis.
Clone number:
PC10
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a k
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests. Intracellular staining.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA clamp that acts as a processivity factor for DNA polymerase ? in eukaryotic cells and is essential for replication. It is mapped to 20p12.3. The protein encoded by this gene is found in the nucleus and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. The encoded protein acts as a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. In response to DNA damage, this protein is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Pseudogenes of this gene have been described on chromosome 4 and on the X chromosome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
PCLO (piccolo, also known as aczonin) is a large (more than 400 kDa) multidomain protein of the presynaptic cytomatrix in neurons, that is present in all vertebrate synapses, but is absent from invertebrates. It contains zinc finger and coiled-coil sequences, as well as N-terminal glutamine-rich sequence, and C-terminal PDZ domain followed by two C2 domains (C2A and C2B). In vitro binding and transfection experiments suggested that PCLO binds to multiple proteins including profilin and L-type calcium channels. It is involved in neurotransmitter release and insulin secretion.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human recombinant PCLO protein
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody PCLO-01 recognizes PCLO (Piccolo), a more than 400 kDa multidomain protein expressed mainly in the presynaptic cytoplasmatic matrix of the neurons.
PCLO (piccolo, also known as aczonin) is a large (more than 400 kDa) multidomain protein of the presynaptic cytomatrix in neurons, that is present in all vertebrate synapses, but is absent from invertebrates. It contains zinc finger and coiled-coil sequences, as well as N-terminal glutamine-rich sequence, and C-terminal PDZ domain followed by two C2 domains (C2A and C2B). In vitro binding and transfection experiments suggested that PCLO binds to multiple proteins including profilin and L-type calcium channels. It is involved in neurotransmitter release and insulin secretion.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human recombinant PCLO protein
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody PCLO-01 recognizes PCLO (Piccolo), a more than 400 kDa multidomain protein expressed mainly in the presynaptic cytoplasmatic matrix of the neurons.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial (PCK2, PEPCK-M), is an isozyme of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK, PEPCK) that in humans is encoded by the PCK2 gene. It is mapped to 14q11.2-q12. This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). A cytosolic form of this protein is encoded by a different gene and is the key enzyme of gluconeogenesis in the liver. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15, also known as positive cofactor 4 (PC4) or SUB1 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUB1 gene. This gene is mapped to 5p13.3. The transcriptional cofactor PC4 is an ancient single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein that has a homologue in bacteriophage T5 where it is likely the elusive replicative ssDNA-binding protein. The recombinant PC4 is shown to function identically to the native protein through its interaction with TAFs. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15, also known as positive cofactor 4 (PC4) or SUB1 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUB1 gene. This gene is mapped to 5p13.3. The transcriptional cofactor PC4 is an ancient single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein that has a homologue in bacteriophage T5 where it is likely the elusive replicative ssDNA-binding protein. The recombinant PC4 is shown to function identically to the native protein through its interaction with TAFs. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
This gene encodes a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. The central feature of this gene family is a novel, highly conserved DNA-binding motif, known as the paired box. PAX proteins are important regulators in early development, and alterations in the expression of their genes are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. This gene encodes the B-cell lineage specific activator protein that is expressed at early, but not late stages of B-cell differentiation. Its expression has also been detected in developing CNS and testis and so the encoded protein may also play a role in neural development and spermatogenesis. This gene is located at 9p13, which is involved in t(9;14)(p13;q32) translocations recurring in small lymphocytic lymphomas of the plasmacytoid subtype, and in derived large-cell lymphomas. This translocation brings the potent E-mu enhancer of the IgH gene into close proximity of the PAX5 promoter, suggesting that the deregulation of transcription of this gene contributes to the pathogenesis of these lymphomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described but their biological validity has not been determined.
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARK7 recombinant protein (Position: A2-D189). Human PARK7 shares 91% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat PARK7.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7, also known as DJ1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PARK7 gene. PARK7 belongs to the peptidase C56 family of proteins. PARK7 is mapped to chromosome 1p36. It acts as a positive regulator of androgen receptor-dependent transcription. It is also involved in tumorigenesis and in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. This gene may also function as a redox-sensitive chaperone, as a sensor foroxidative stress, and it apparently protects neurons against oxidative stress and cell death. It has been found that PARK7 mutations that impair transcriptional coactivator function can render dopaminergic neurons vulnerable to apoptosis and may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
PAG (phosphoprotein associated with GEMs), also known as Cbp (Csk-binding protein), is a ubiquitously expressed 46 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule. Following tyrosine phosphorylation by Src family kinases, PAG binds and thereby activates the protein tyrosine kinase Csk, the major negative regulator of the Src family kinases. Signaling via the B-cell receptor in B cells or high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) in mast cells leads to PAG increased tyrosine phosphorylation and Csk binding, while T cell receptor signaling causes PAG dephosphorylation, loss of Csk binding and increased activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Lck.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
C-terminal peptide (last 15 amino acids) of human Csk binding protein coupled to KLH.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody PAG-C1 recognizes an epitope located in the intracellular C-terminal domain of Csk-binding protein (Cbp / PAG), a 46 kDa ubiquitously expressed transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule.
Clone number:
PAG-C1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Positive tissue: appendix (germinal center of lymphatic follicle), heat-mediated antigen retrieval in citrate buffer pH 6.1. Immunoprecipitation: Positive control: RAJI human Burkitt lymphoma cell line.
PAG (phosphoprotein associated with GEMs), also known as Cbp (Csk-binding protein), is a ubiquitously expressed 46 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule. Following tyrosine phosphorylation by Src family kinases, PAG binds and thereby activates the protein tyrosine kinase Csk, the major negative regulator of the Src family kinases. Signaling via the B-cell receptor in B cells or high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) in mast cells leads to PAG increased tyrosine phosphorylation and Csk binding, while T cell receptor signaling causes PAG dephosphorylation, loss of Csk binding and increased activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Lck.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant intracellular fragment (aa 97-432) of human Cbp (PAG).
Applications:
FC,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody MEM-255 recognizes an epitope (aa 235-280) of Csk-binding protein (Cbp) located in the cytoplasmic domain, also known as protein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains (PAG).
Clone number:
MEM-255
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Positive tissue: tonsil, spleen. Western blotting: Csk binding protein is an ubiquitously expressed 46 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane microdomains (rafts), which, however, migrates on SDS-PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule.
PAG (phosphoprotein associated with GEMs), also known as Cbp (Csk-binding protein), is a ubiquitously expressed 46 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule. Following tyrosine phosphorylation by Src family kinases, PAG binds and thereby activates the protein tyrosine kinase Csk, the major negative regulator of the Src family kinases. Signaling via the B-cell receptor in B cells or high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) in mast cells leads to PAG increased tyrosine phosphorylation and Csk binding, while T cell receptor signaling causes PAG dephosphorylation, loss of Csk binding and increased activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Lck.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant intracellular fragment (aa 97-432) of human Cbp (PAG).
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The polyclonal antibody recognizes intracellular part of Csk-binding protein (Cbp / PAG), a 46 kDa ubiquitously expressed transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human p95 NBS1, different from the related mouse sequence by three amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: p95 NBS1, also known as NBN or Nibrin, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NBN gene. Nibrin is a protein associated with the repair of double strand breaks (DSBs) which pose serious damage to a genome. It is a 754 amino acid protein identified as a member of the NBS1/hMre11/RAD50(N/M/R, more commonly referred to asMRN) double strand DNA break repair complex. This complex recognizes DNA damage and rapidly relocates to DSB sites and forms nuclear foci. It also has a role in regulation of N/M/R (MRN) protein complex activity which includes end-processing of both physiological and mutagenic DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63 and do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins.
The p63 gene is a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Like p53, p63 contains a transactivation (TA) domain induce the transcription of target genes, a DNA binding domain, and an oligomerization domain (OD), used to form tetramers. In contrast to p53, the p63 gene encodes for at least six major isotypes. Three isotypes (TAp63?, TAp63?, and TAp63?) contain the transactivating (TA) domain and are able to transactivate p53 report genes and induce apoptosis. In contrast, the other three isotypes (?Np63?, ?Np63?, ?Np63?) are transcribed from an internal promoter localized within intron3, lack the TA domain, and act as dominant-negatives to suppress transactivation by both p53 and TAp63 isotypes. p63 is highly expressed in the basal cells of the epithelium significant for proper limb outgrowth and morphogenesis.4 In differentiating tissues, p63 is crucial for maintaining the stem cell identity of the basal cells, and is indispensable for correct development of the skin as well as the limb. p63-deficient mice lack all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including hair, whiskers, teeth, as well as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, notably in heart, kidney, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus, although the precise isoform varies according to tissue type. Progenitor cell layers of skin, breast, eye and prostate express high levels of DeltaN-type isoforms. Isoform 10 is predominantly expressed in skin squamous cell carcinomas, but not in normal skin tissues
The p63 gene is a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Like p53, p63 contains a transactivation (TA) domain induce the transcription of target genes, a DNA binding domain, and an oligomerization domain (OD), used to form tetramers. In contrast to p53, the p63 gene encodes for at least six major isotypes. Three isotypes (TAp63?, TAp63?, and TAp63?) contain the transactivating (TA) domain and are able to transactivate p53 report genes and induce apoptosis. In contrast, the other three isotypes (?Np63?, ?Np63?, ?Np63?) are transcribed from an internal promoter localized within intron3, lack the TA domain, and act as dominant-negatives to suppress transactivation by both p53 and TAp63 isotypes. p63 is highly expressed in the basal cells of the epithelium significant for proper limb outgrowth and morphogenesis.4 In differentiating tissues, p63 is crucial for maintaining the stem cell identity of the basal cells, and is indispensable for correct development of the skin as well as the limb. p63-deficient mice lack all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including hair, whiskers, teeth, as well as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, notably in heart, kidney, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus, although the precise isoform varies according to tissue type. Progenitor cell layers of skin, breast, eye and prostate express high levels of DeltaN-type isoforms. Isoform 10 is predominantly expressed in skin squamous cell carcinomas, but not in normal skin tissues
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length wild-type p53
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody BP53-12 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 16-25) on human p53, a 50 kDa intracellular tumour suppressor found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells; it is frequently mutated or inactivated in many types of cancer.
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length wild-type p53
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody BP53-12 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 16-25) on human p53, a 50 kDa intracellular tumour suppressor found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells; it is frequently mutated or inactivated in many types of cancer.
The tumour suppressor p21Waf1 (wild-type p53-activated fragment 1; also known as Cip1, Cdk interacting protein, or SDI 1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor, which is expressed by involvement of p53, Egr-1, AP2, STATs or other transcription factors upon various stimuli resulting in cell cycle arrest. Through its N-terminal domain p21Waf1 inhibits Cdk activity, whereas through the C-terminal domain it inhibits the activity of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) to activate DNA replication. Cytosolic location of p21 counteracts its inhibitory activities.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human p21 protein
Applications:
IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody WA-1 reacts with p21 protein (Waf1, Cip1, SDI 1; intracellular antigen), a 21 kDa tumour suppressor, which inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent family kinases and of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
Orf1 (FrpD) is a Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane lipoprotein. Subcellular localization and [3H]palmitic acid labeling in Escherichia coli revealed that FrpD is synthesized with a type II signal peptide for export across the cytoplasmic membrane and is, upon processing to a lipoprotein, sorted to the outer bacterial membrane.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Slices containing purified FrpD250-6xHis-tagged protein were excised from 10% SDS-PAGE gels, grinded, mixed with 1 mg/ml of aluminum hydroxide in PBS, and used to immunize a rabbit.
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The polyclonal antibody reacts with Orf1 (FrpD), a 28 - 32 kDa Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane lipoprotein. Orf1 is highly conserved in a set of meningococcal strains representative of all serogroups and does not exhibit any similarity to known sequences of other organisms.
Clone number:
PAb (489)
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution 0.5-1 ?g/ml, reducing conditions.
OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1) is an almost uncharacterized transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets. Its expression is enhanced on TEL/AML leukemic cells. The function of OPAL1 is unknown, although the presence of a cytochrome c-like heme-binding site and a transmembrane domain suggested OPAL1 may be involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its originally reported prognostic impact appears to be treatment dependent.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment of human OPAL1 (amino acids 152-342)
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OPAL1-01 recognizes an intracellular epitope of OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1), a transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets.
OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1) is an almost uncharacterized transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets. Its expression is enhanced on TEL/AML leukemic cells. The function of OPAL1 is unknown, although the presence of a cytochrome c-like heme-binding site and a transmembrane domain suggested OPAL1 may be involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its originally reported prognostic impact appears to be treatment dependent.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant fragment of human OPAL1 (amino acids 152-342)
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody OPAL1-01 recognizes an intracellular epitope of OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1), a transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets.
NTAL (non-T cell activation linker), also known as LAB (linker for activation of B cells), is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed by B cells, NK cells, mast cells and macrophages. It is a negative regulator of early stages of BCR-dependent B cell signaling and serves as a negative regulator also in mast cells. However, in mast cells, NTAL also contributes to some activation processes, partially overlapping with LAT function.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant cytoplasmic domain (aa 91-243) of human NTAL.
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody NAP-07 reacts with an intracellular epitope of Non-T cell activation linker (NTAL), also known as LAB (linker of activated B cells), a 25 - 30 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein associating with lipid raft components in the plasma membrane of B lymphocytes, NK cells and myeloid cells.
Clone number:
NAP-07
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml, incubation 60 min; positive control: RAMOS human lymphoma cell line, negative control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line; non-reducing conditions, 12% separating SDS-PAGE gel. Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml; positive tissue: RAJI human lymphoma cell line, RAMOS human lymphoma cell line.
NTAL (non-T cell activation linker), also known as LAB (linker for activation of B cells), is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed by B cells, NK cells, mast cells and macrophages. It is a negative regulator of early stages of BCR-dependent B cell signaling and serves as a negative regulator also in mast cells. However, in mast cells, NTAL also contributes to some activation processes, partially overlapping with LAT function.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant N-terminal cytoplasmic domain (aa 124-203) of mouse NTAL.
Applications:
WB
Additional Info:
The polyclonal antibody recognizes N-terminal cytoplasmic domain of mouse Non-T cell Activation Linker (NTAL), also known as LAB (linker of activated B cells), a 25 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane microdomains (rafts) of B cells, NK cells and myeloid cells.
NTAL (non-T cell activation linker), also known as LAB (linker for activation of B cells), is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed by B cells, NK cells, mast cells and macrophages. It is a negative regulator of early stages of BCR-dependent B cell signaling and serves as a negative regulator also in mast cells. However, in mast cells, NTAL also contributes to some activation processes, partially overlapping with LAT function.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Peptide corresponding to aa 196-212 of human NTAL coupled to KLH.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody NAP-03 recognizes a defined intracellular epitope (aa 196-212) of human Non-T cell Activation Linker (NTAL), also known as LAB (linker of activated B cells), a 30 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein associating with lipid raft components in the plasma membrane of B cells, NK cells and myeloid cells.
NTAL (non-T cell activation linker), also known as LAB (linker for activation of B cells), is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed by B cells, NK cells, mast cells and macrophages. It is a negative regulator of early stages of BCR-dependent B cell signaling and serves as a negative regulator also in mast cells. However, in mast cells, NTAL also contributes to some activation processes, partially overlapping with LAT function.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant cytoplasmic domain (aa 91-243) of human NTAL.
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The antibody NAP-07 reacts with an intracellular epitope of Non-T cell activation linker (NTAL), also known as LAB (linker of activated B cells), a 25 - 30 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein associating with lipid raft components in the plasma membrane of B lymphocytes, NK cells and myeloid cells.
Clone number:
NAP-07
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml; positive tissue: RAJI human lymphoma cell line, RAMOS human lymphoma cell line.
Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans are expressed on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix, and take part in developmental, regenerative, as well as pathological processes. By interaction with extracellular matrix components, growth factors, enzymes, and their inhibitors, they regulate and influence tissue distribution of the cells and biological activities of the proteins. N-sulfated heparan sulfate proteoglycans are located in specific microdomains in the plasma membrane, independent on those formed around N-acetyl-rich heparan sulfate, and play different role in the cell signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MethA murine fibrosarcoma
Applications:
WB,ICC,FC,IHC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody HepSS-1 (also known as HepSS1) recognizes N-sulfated heparan sulfate (extracellular antigen) present in many species.
Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans are expressed on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix, and take part in developmental, regenerative, as well as pathological processes. By interaction with extracellular matrix components, growth factors, enzymes, and their inhibitors, they regulate and influence tissue distribution of the cells and biological activities of the proteins. N-sulfated heparan sulfate proteoglycans are located in specific microdomains in the plasma membrane, independent on those formed around N-acetyl-rich heparan sulfate, and play different role in the cell signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MethA murine fibrosarcoma
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody HepSS-1 (also known as HepSS1) recognizes N-sulfated heparan sulfate (extracellular antigen) present in many species.
Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans are expressed on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix, and take part in developmental, regenerative, as well as pathological processes. By interaction with extracellular matrix components, growth factors, enzymes, and their inhibitors, they regulate and influence tissue distribution of the cells and biological activities of the proteins. N-sulfated heparan sulfate proteoglycans are located in specific microdomains in the plasma membrane, independent on those formed around N-acetyl-rich heparan sulfate, and play different role in the cell signaling.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
MethA murine fibrosarcoma
Applications:
WB,ICC,FC,IHC,IP
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody HepSS-1 (also known as HepSS1) recognizes N-sulfated heparan sulfate (extracellular antigen) present in many species.
NR2F6 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6), also known as EAR2 or ERBAL2, is a transcription factor involved in modulation of hormonal responses. NR2F6 represses e.g. transcription of the oxytocin-neurophysin gene, renin gene, lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor gene, and the thyroid hormone receptor gene. In the immune system, NR2F6 affects IL-17 expression in the Th-17 cells, thus also the balance between immunological tolerance and autoimmunity.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Recombinant human NR2F6 protein expressed in E. coli
Applications:
FC,WB
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-51 recognizes NR2F6, a transcriptional repressor (intracellular antigen) expressed mainly in the heart, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas, but also e.g. in T cell subpopulations.
Notch 1 is a 270-300 kDa transmembrane heterodimeric protein with multiple extracellular growth factor-like repeats, and with an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types. It serves as a receptor for membrane ligands, such as Delta 1, Jagged 1 (CD339), and Jagged 2, and regulates cell fate decisions. Upon ligand binding the transmembrane form of Notch 1 is repeatedly cleaved to provide approximately 120 kDa Notch intracellular fragment (NICD), which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a part of transcriptional complexes that alter differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The highest level of Notch 1 expression is in brain, lung and thymus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
GST fusion protein containing cdc10-NCR region of mouse Notch1
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody mN1A recognizes intracellular domain of Notch 1 protein, mainly its activated form. The unprocessed Notch 1 protein is recognized with lower affinity.
Notch 1 is a 270-300 kDa transmembrane heterodimeric protein with multiple extracellular growth factor-like repeats, and with an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types. It serves as a receptor for membrane ligands, such as Delta 1, Jagged 1 (CD339), and Jagged 2, and regulates cell fate decisions. Upon ligand binding the transmembrane form of Notch 1 is repeatedly cleaved to provide approximately 120 kDa Notch intracellular fragment (NICD), which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a part of transcriptional complexes that alter differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The highest level of Notch 1 expression is in brain, lung and thymus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
GST fusion protein containing cdc10-NCR region of mouse Notch1
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody mN1A recognizes intracellular domain of Notch 1 protein, mainly its activated form. The unprocessed Notch 1 protein is recognized with lower affinity.
Notch 1 is a 270-300 kDa transmembrane heterodimeric protein with multiple extracellular growth factor-like repeats, and with an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types. It serves as a receptor for membrane ligands, such as Delta 1, Jagged 1 (CD339), and Jagged 2, and regulates cell fate decisions. Upon ligand binding the transmembrane form of Notch 1 is repeatedly cleaved to provide approximately 120 kDa Notch intracellular fragment (NICD), which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a part of transcriptional complexes that alter differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The highest level of Notch 1 expression is in brain, lung and thymus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
GST fusion protein containing cdc10-NCR region of mouse Notch1
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody mN1A recognizes intracellular domain of Notch 1 protein, mainly its activated form. The unprocessed Notch 1 protein is recognized with lower affinity.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Solute carrier family 12(sodium/potassium/chloride transporters), member 2, also known as NKCC1, is widely distributed throughout the body, especially in organs that secrete fluids, called exocrine glands. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, this gene is mapped to chromosome 5q23.3. The protein encoded by this gene mediates sodium and chloride transport and reabsorption. The encoded protein is a membrane protein and is important in maintaining proper ionic balance and cell volume. This protein is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Nitrotyrosine can be detected in proteins from a variety of tissues usually in association with pathological conditions. Reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide produces peroxynitrite, which can undergo heterolytic cleavage into nitronium and hydroxyl ions. Nitration of tyrosine residues by nitronium ion forms nitrotyrosine groups in the respective proteins. Nitrotyrosine is thus a marker for inflammation-associated tissue damage.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
NO2-Tyr-CH2-Thyroglobulin
Applications:
WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The antibody EM-30 detects nitrotyrosine group in biological material. It can be used as a marker for peroxynitrite formation in particular tissues.
NHERF1 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1), also known as EBP50 (ezrin, radixin, moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50) is an adaptor protein, which associates with beta-catenin and is required for its localization at the cell-cell junctions, interacts with various G protein-coupled receptors and regulates their traffic, as well as sodium-hydrogen exchange and sodium-dependent phosphate transport. NHERF1/EBP50 inhibits cell motility and is required to suppress anchorage-independent growth. It contains C-terminal ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin)-binding region and two N-terminal PDZ (postsynaptic-density-95/disc-large/ZO1 homology) domains and is able to form head-to-tail intramolecular conformation to regulate its interactions.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially produced recombinant full-length human NHERF1.
Applications:
IP,WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EBP-10 reacts with NHERF1/EBP50 phosphoprotein of 50 kDa, which serves as an adaptor and regulator protein.
Clone number:
EBP-10
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 k
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml; 60 min on vertical incubator, positive control: RAJI human lymphoma cell lysate, non-reducing conditions, 10% separating SDS-PAGE gel.
NG2 / chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 is expressed on glial cell populations, but not on normal hepatopoietic cells. It is an integral membrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expressed by human malignant melanoma cells, where it plays role in stabilizing cell-substratum interactions during early events of melanoma cell spreading on endothelial basement membranes, and supports signaling pathways important for tumor invasion and growth. NG2 also serves as an AML blast tumor marker associated with poor prognosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human bone marrow stromal cells infected with SV-40
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 7.1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of NG2, the melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 of Mw approximately 220-300 kDa.
NG2 / chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 is expressed on glial cell populations, but not on normal hepatopoietic cells. It is an integral membrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expressed by human malignant melanoma cells, where it plays role in stabilizing cell-substratum interactions during early events of melanoma cell spreading on endothelial basement membranes, and supports signaling pathways important for tumor invasion and growth. NG2 also serves as an AML blast tumor marker associated with poor prognosis.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Human bone marrow stromal cells infected with SV-40
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody 7.1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of NG2, the melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 of Mw approximately 220-300 kDa.
Clone number:
7.1
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 10 ?l reagent / 100 ?l of whole blood or 106 cells in a suspension. The content of a vial (1 ml) is sufficient for 100 tests.
Neurofilaments (NFs) are a type of intermediate filament (IF) expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells, and in those cells most prominently in large axons. NFs in most vertebrates are composed of three different polypeptide chains with different molecular weights – neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light protein (NF-L), which share sequence and structural similarity in a coiled-coil core domain, but differ in the length and sequence of their N-termini and more dramatically of their C-termini which in the case of NF-M and NF-H form the flexible extensions that link NFs to each other and to other elements in the cytoplasm. The protein segment on the C-terminal side of the human NF-H rod is uniquely long (more than 600 amino acids) compared to other IF proteins and is highly charged (> 24 % Glu, > 25 % Lys), rich in proline (> 12 %) and improverished in cysteine, methionine and aromatic amino acids. Its most remarkable feature is a repetitive sequence that covers more than half its lenght and includes the sekvence motif Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) greater than 40 times. Plasma neurofilament heavy chain level has been proposed as a marker of axonal injury and clinical use of its degeneration and loss has been suggested as a biomarker of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Pellet of porcine brain cold stable proteins after depolymerization of microtubules.
Applications:
IHC,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody NF-09 reacts with both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated form of medium neurofilament protein (160 kDa intracellular antigen) of various species.
Clone number:
NF-09
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Application Details:
Immunocytochemistry: Positive tissue: Neuro2A murine cell line, Carnoys fixative 2 x 3 min, blocking 1% glycine + 0.2% gelatin 10 min. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Neurofilaments (NFs) are a type of intermediate filament (IF) expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells, and in those cells most prominently in large axons. NFs in most vertebrates are composed of three different polypeptide chains with different molecular weights – neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light protein (NF-L), which share sequence and structural similarity in a coiled-coil core domain, but differ in the length and sequence of their N-termini and more dramatically of their C-termini which in the case of NF-M and NF-H form the flexible extensions that link NFs to each other and to other elements in the cytoplasm. The protein segment on the C-terminal side of the human NF-H rod is uniquely long (more than 600 amino acids) compared to other IF proteins and is highly charged (> 24 % Glu, > 25 % Lys), rich in proline (> 12 %) and improverished in cysteine, methionine and aromatic amino acids. Its most remarkable feature is a repetitive sequence that covers more than half its lenght and includes the sekvence motif Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) greater than 40 times. Plasma neurofilament heavy chain level has been proposed as a marker of axonal injury and clinical use of its degeneration and loss has been suggested as a biomarker of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Pig brain neurofilament protein-enriched fraction after depolymerization of microtubules
Applications:
WB,IHC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody NF-05 recognizes a nonphosphorylated epitope of neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), a 210 kDa intracellular structural protein of Intermediate Filament Proteins family. NF-H is mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system and reproductive system and is biochemically very stable.
Clone number:
NF-05
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
ELISA: Capture antibody. Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Neurofilaments (NFs) are a type of intermediate filament (IF) expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells, and in those cells most prominently in large axons. NFs in most vertebrates are composed of three different polypeptide chains with different molecular weights – neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light protein (NF-L), which share sequence and structural similarity in a coiled-coil core domain, but differ in the length and sequence of their N-termini and more dramatically of their C-termini which in the case of NF-M and NF-H form the flexible extensions that link NFs to each other and to other elements in the cytoplasm. The protein segment on the C-terminal side of the human NF-H rod is uniquely long (more than 600 amino acids) compared to other IF proteins and is highly charged (> 24 % Glu, > 25 % Lys), rich in proline (> 12 %) and improverished in cysteine, methionine and aromatic amino acids. Its most remarkable feature is a repetitive sequence that covers more than half its lenght and includes the sekvence motif Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) greater than 40 times. Plasma neurofilament heavy chain level has been proposed as a marker of axonal injury and clinical use of its degeneration and loss has been suggested as a biomarker of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Pellet of porcine brain cold-stable proteins after depolymerization of microtubules.
Applications:
IHC,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody NF-01 recognizes a phosphorylated epitope on heavy neurofilament protein (210 kDa intracellular antigen) of various species. Antibodies to the various neurofilament subunits are very useful cell type markers since the proteins are among the most abundant of the nervous system, are expressed only in neurons and are biochemically very stable.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. This gene product appears to function as a negative regulator of the ras signal transduction pathway. Mutations in this gene have been linked to neurofibromatosis type 1, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and Watson syndrome. The mRNA for this gene is subject to RNA editing (CGA>UGA->Arg1306Term) resulting in premature translation termination. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have also been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. This gene product appears to function as a negative regulator of the ras signal transduction pathway. Mutations in this gene have been linked to neurofibromatosis type 1, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and Watson syndrome. The mRNA for this gene is subject to RNA editing (CGA>UGA->Arg1306Term) resulting in premature translation termination. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have also been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: NEDD4 family-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDFIP2 gene. The NEDD4 family-interacting protein 1 (NDFIP1) belongs to a small group of evolutionarily conserved proteins with three transmembrane domains and is an integral Golgi membrane protein. It is a potential target for ubiquitination by the Nedd4 family of proteins. NDFIP1 is strongly expressed in surviving neurons following acute cortical brain injury, and overexpression in cultured cortical neurons increased survival following growth factor starvation, suggesting that NDFIP1 may play a role in neuronal survival. NDFIP1 and the related protein NDFIP2 are thought to interact with and regulate multiple components of the EGF and PTEN/Akt signaling pathways. Recent studies suggest that NDFIP1 may also play a role in Th17 differentiation by limiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
NCK1 (NCK alpha) is a cytoplasmic adaptor protein that plays a universal role in coordinating the signaling networks critical for organizing the actin cytoskeleton, cell movement, or axon guidance, connecting transmembrane receptors to multiple intracellular signaling pathways. It contains one SH2 domain, through which NCK1 binds to phosphorylated domains of transmembrane signaling moleculs or certain adaptor proteins, and three SH3 domains for binding proline-rich sequences of other molecules involved in the process of nucleation and polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Purified recombinant second SH3 domain of human Nck1 fused to GST
Applications:
WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody EM-06 recognizes NCK1 (NCK alpha), an ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic SH2/SH3 adaptor protein important for organization of actin cytoskeleton structures.
Napsin A is an aspartic proteinase that is expressed predominantly in lung (type II pneumocytes) and kidney and lower levels in spleen and blood leukocytes. Alveolar macrophages also contain Napsin A due phagosytosis of pneumocytes. Napsin A in useful especially in the differential diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma between squamous cell carcinoma.
Napsin A is an aspartic proteinase that is expressed predominantly in lung (type II pneumocytes) and kidney and lower levels in spleen and blood leukocytes. Alveolar macrophages also contain Napsin A due phagosytosis of pneumocytes. Napsin A in useful especially in the differential diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma between squamous cell carcinoma.
MUM1 is a nuclear transcriptional factor (IRF4 or Multiple Myeloma 1 ) and is expressed in final step of intragerminal center B cell differentiation and in post-germinal center B cells. MUM1 is usually mutually exclusive with BCL6 in nonneoplastic tissue. Nuclear expression is present also in a subpopulation of activated T- lymphocytes and expressed in normal and neoplastic melanocytes. In neoplasms MUM1 is found mainly in B-cell lymphoma and melanocytic lesions. In combination with CD138 and Ig´s makes MUM1 more specific marker for differentiating B-cells before plasma cell stage. MUM1 helps to divide diffuse large B cell lymphomas into germinal center (MUM1-) /non-germinal center (MUM1+) phenotypes and helps also to differentiate double hit from Burkitt and DLCL.
MUM1 is a nuclear transcriptional factor (IRF4 or Multiple Myeloma 1 ) and is expressed in final step of intragerminal center B cell differentiation and in post-germinal center B cells. MUM1 is usually mutually exclusive with BCL6 in nonneoplastic tissue. Nuclear expression is present also in a subpopulation of activated T- lymphocytes and expressed in normal and neoplastic melanocytes. In neoplasms MUM1 is found mainly in B-cell lymphoma and melanocytic lesions. In combination with CD138 and Ig´s makes MUM1 more specific marker for differentiating B-cells before plasma cell stage. MUM1 helps to divide diffuse large B cell lymphomas into germinal center (MUM1-) /non-germinal center (MUM1+) phenotypes and helps also to differentiate double hit from Burkitt and DLCL.
MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells. Before their exposition on the cell surface, the MHC class II molecules react with endocytosed exogenous antigens, which are then presented to the T cells. The antigen-binding grove between MHC class II alpha and beta chain is open at both ends and is 15-24 amino acid residues long.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Activated C57BL/6 mouse spleen cells
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,FA
Additional Info:
The rat monoclonal antibody M5/114 reacts with murine MHC class II glycoproteins. It recognizes a shared extracellular determinant on I-Ab, I-Ad, I-Aq, and I-Ed, I-Ek alloantigens, but it does not react with I-Af, I-Ak, I-As. This antibody can inhibit I-A-restricted T cell responses of the H-2b, H-2d, H-2q, H-2u but not H-2f, H-2k, H-2s haplotypes.
Clone number:
M5/114
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Application Details:
Functional application: Blocking of T cell proliferative responses. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. Immunohistochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class II molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells. Before their exposition on the cell surface, the MHC class II molecules react with endocytosed exogenous antigens, which are then presented to the T cells. The antigen-binding grove between MHC class II alpha and beta chain is open at both ends and is 15-24 amino acid residues long.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Protect from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Activated C57BL/6 mouse spleen cells
Applications:
FC
Additional Info:
The rat monoclonal antibody M5/114 reacts with murine MHC class II glycoproteins. It recognizes a shared extracellular determinant on I-Ab, I-Ad, I-Aq, and I-Ed, I-Ek alloantigens, but it does not react with I-Af, I-Ak, I-As. This antibody can inhibit I-A-restricted T cell responses of the H-2b, H-2d, H-2q, H-2u but not H-2f, H-2k, H-2s haplotypes.
Clone number:
M5/114
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Application Details:
Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-3 ?g/ml.
Biosite Brand:
BioSite Flow
Conjugation:
FITC
Concentration:
0.5 mg/ml
Species Reactivity:
mouse
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