ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 23,3 g/ l
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C.; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Immunolocalization (IL), Immunogold (IG), Western blot (WB)
Neusius et al. (2022) Lysine acetylation regulates moonlighting activity of the E2 subunit of the chloroplast pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in Chlamydomonas. Plant J. 2022 Sep;111(6):1780-1800. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15924. Epub 2022 Aug 8. PMID: 35899410.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Nelson et al. (2019). Protein lysine methylation contributes to modulating the response of sensitive and tolerant Arabidopsis species to cadmium stress. doi: 10.1111/pce.13692.Gellert et al. (2018). A single point mutation on the cucumber mosaic virus surface induces an unexpected and strong interaction with the F1 complex of the ATP synthase in Nicotiana clevelandii plants. Virus Res. 2018 Jun 2;251:47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.005. (immunogold)Quesada et al. (2011). Arabidopsis RUGOSA2 encodes an mTERF family member required for mitochondrion, chloroplast and leaf development. Plant J. Nov;68(4):738-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04726.x. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 ATP synthase and most known bacterial F-type ATP synthases, Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein
The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples.This is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 95 l of sterile milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.25 pmoles/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a PsbA signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems.Non-disulphie dependent dimers and complexes can be also detected using standard western blot methods with more sensitive detection reagents as ECL Advance or West Pico when loading per well more standard than recommended. They have not been included in the standard calibration.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 95 l of sterile water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
The standard has an actual MW of 41,5 kDa, The presence of a His6 tag causes it to run ~1,7 kDa higher on the gel than the native protein, Note that in most systems, PsbA migrates with an apparent MW of between 30 and 35 kDa,
Selected references:
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Fern ndez-Gonz lez et al. (2020). Effects of Temperature and Nutrient Supply on Resource Allocation, Photosynthetic Strategy, and Metabolic Rates of Synechococcus Sp . J Phycol . 2020 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/jpy.12983. Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Ryan-Keogh et al. (2018). Seasonal regulation of the coupling between photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation in the Southern Ocean. Limnology and Oceanography.Yuan et al. (2018). Combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on physiological response of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to light challenges. Mar Environ Res. 2018 Apr;135:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.01.016.
Special application note:
The PsbA protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-PsbA antibodies to quantitate PsbA from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the PsbA protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorialThe goals when doing quantitative work:The sample PsbA must fall somewhere between the upper and lower standard loads. There should be at least 3 points on the standard curve.if possible, try to make the entire range of the curve around one order of magnitude or less (as in the application example).if possible, load <5 g total sample protein.1pmol of PsbA standard is a strong load for chemiluminescence, but may be appropriate for the less sensitive reagents, for example alkaline phosphatase.
The PsbA (D1) protein of Photosystem II is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Disruption of PsbA cycling or losses of PsbA pools are central to photoinhibition of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, algae and plants under a wide range of conditions including excess light, low temperature and UV exposure. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Conifers, Cryptomonads, Legumes, Stramenopiles, Euglenoids, Prochlorophytes, XantophytesSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions.In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.This antibody will also detect the phosphorylated form of D1as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.
Application Details:
1 :4000-1 : 8000, 5 g of total protein, (WB)
Purity:
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Vitale et al.(2022) Manipulation of light quality is an effective tool to regulate photosynthetic capacity and fruit antioxidant properties of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Microtom' in a controlled environment. PeerJ. 2022;10:e13677. Published 2022 Jul 1. doi:10.7717/peerj.13677Toubiana et al. (2020). Correlation-based Network Analysis Combined With Machine Learning Techniques Highlight the Role of the GABA Shunt in Brachypodium Sylvaticum Freezing Tolerance. Sci Rep , 10 (1), 4489Sicora et al. (2019). Regulation of PSII function in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 during a light-dark cycle. Photosynth Res. 2019 Mar;139(1-3):461-473. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0598-5,Sevilla et al. (2019). Regulation by FurC in Anabaena links the oxidative stress response to photosynthetic metabolism. Plant Cell Physiol. 2019 May 21. pii: pcz094. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcz094.Figlioli et al. (2019). Overall plant responses to Cd and Pb metal stress in maize: Growth pattern, ultrastructure, and photosynthetic activity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(2):1781-1790. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3743-y.
Special application note:
A number of degradation products may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands. Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.Example of a simulataneous western blot detection with RbcL, PsbA and PsaC antibodies.
GFP (Green fluorescent protein) was originally identified in photo organs on jellyfish Aequorea victoria. It is a naturally fluorescent protein which emits green light at a maximum wavelength of 509 nm when excited by blue or UV light. It is extensively used in laboratory as a reporter molecule to label and study cellular and subcellular proteins in living cells using a wide range of applications. Antibodies to GFP protein are used in immunoblotting and ELISA. GFP protein has molecular weight of 27 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Native GFP, Recombinant GFP (E,coli), all variants of GFP, including EGFP
Immunogen:
Highly purified native GFP protein derived from Aequorea victoria, UniProt: P42212
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Sun et al. (2021) The epigenetic factor FVE orchestrates cytoplasmic SGS3-DRB4-DCL4 activities to promote transgene silencing in Arabidopsis. Sci Adv. 2021 Aug 4;7(32):eabf3898. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3898. PMID: 34348894; PMCID: PMC8336953.Stelate et al. (2021) Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin. Biomolecules. 2021 Sep 26;11(10):1407. doi: 10.3390/biom11101407. PMID: 34680040; PMCID: PMC8533460.Wieczorek et al. (2020) Development of a New Tomato Torrado Virus-Based Vector Tagged with GFP for Monitoring Virus Movement in Plants. Viruses. 2020 Oct 20;12(10):1195. doi: 10.3390/v12101195. PMID: 33092281; PMCID: PMC7588970.Kulich et al. (2018). Deubiquitinase OTU5 affects Root Responses to Phosphate Starvation. Plant Physiol. 2018 Jan 4. pii: pp.01693.2017. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01693.
Special application note:
10 mM TRIS buffer pH 8,0 containing 0,02% sodium azide
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation.This antibody is conjugated to FITC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of Lysine involves acetylation.This antibody is conjugated to Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Acetylated Lysine is involved in post-translational modifications of proteins which play a critical role in the regulation and function of many known biological processes. Proteins can be post-translationally modified in many different ways, and a common post-transcriptional modification of lysine involves acetylation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C for 1 year; make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Detects proteins containing acetylated lysine residues in all specias, No reaction to non-acetylated proteins
Immunogen:
chemically modified KLH allowing acetylation of all lysines of this carrier protein
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5 (Arabidopsis), also known as COPS5 or JAB1, is a gene conserved from humans to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is a member of the MOV34 family. COPS5 is mapped to 8q13.1. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the eight subunits of COP9 signalosome, a highly conserved protein complex that functions as an important regulator in multiple signaling pathways. COPS5 can interact with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-2 subunit of the alpha-L/beta-2 integrin LFA1, and it is the only protein demonstrated to interact with MIF. COPS5, VHL, and TRC8 proteins appear to be linked both physically and functionally, and all 3 may participate in the development of kidney cancer. In addition to that, COPS5 is an essential cofactor for the apoptotic function of E2F1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
UCP (uncoupling protein) is an inner membrane mitochondrial protein that can dissipate the proton gradien before it can be used to provide the energy for oxidative phosphorylation. Synonymes: AtUCP, Uncoupling protein 2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Czobor et al. (2019). Comparison of the response of alternative oxidase and uncoupling proteins to bacterial elicitor induced oxidative burst. PLoS One. 2019 Jan 10;14(1):e0210592. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210592.Tak č et al. (2018). Shot-Gun Proteomic Analysis on Roots of Arabidopsis pldα1 Mutants Suggesting the Involvement of PLDα1 in Mitochondrial Protein Import, Vesicular Trafficking and Glucosinolate Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Dec 26;20(1). pii: E82. doi: 10.3390/ijms20010082. (immunolocalization)Garmash et al. (2017). Expression profiles of genes for mitochondrial respiratory energy-dissipating systems and antioxidant enzymes in wheat leaves during de-etiolation. J Plant Physiol. 2017 Aug;215:110-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.023.Florez-Sarasa et al. (2016). Impaired cyclic electron flow around Photosystem I disturbs high-light respiratory metabolism. Plant Physiol. 2016 Oct 19. pii: pp.01025.2016.Liu et al. (2015). Silencing of mitochondrial uncoupling protein gene aggravates chilling stress by altering mitochondrial respiration and electron transport in tomato. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum November 2015, 37:223.Long et al. (2015). Contributions of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic cell types to leaf respiration in Vicia faba L. and their responses to growth temperature. Plant Cell Environ. 2015 Apr 1. doi: 10.1111/pce.12544.Grabelnych et al. (2014). Mitochondrial Energy Dissipating Systems (Alternative Oxidase, Uncoupling Proteins, and External NADH Dehydrogenase) Are Involved in Development of Frost Resistance of Winter Wheat Seedlings. ISSN 0006 2979, Biochemistry (Moscow), 2014, Vol. 79, No. 6, pp. 506 519. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2014.Barreto et al. (2014). Overexpression of UCP1 in tobacco induces mitochondrial biogenesis and amplifies a broad stress response. BMC Plant Biol. 2014 May 28;14(1):144.
Special application note:
Peptide used to elicit this antibody is conserved in both isoforms, UCP1 and UCP2 of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Tubulin alpha (TUA) together with beta tubulin is making up microtubules.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; Do not freeze. Do not exceed exipry date is provided on the tube. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody is recognizing defined epitope (amino acid 65-97) on N-terminal structural domain of alpha tubulin.Recommended secondary antibody, goat anti-mouse IgG1, HRP conjugated AS16 3715
Application Details:
1 : 500 (ICC), 1-4 g/ml /FlowCyt), 1-4 g/ml (WB)
Conjugation:
IgG1
Isotype:
IgG1
Purity:
Immunoglobulin Protein A purified in PBS. Contain 15 mM sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
51 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Liu et al. (2022) Identification of positive and negative regulators of antiviral RNA interference in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Commun. 2022 May 30;13(1):2994. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30771-0. PMID: 35637208; PMCID: PMC9151786.
Special application note:
Metal induced stress affected the expression of tubulin, and that therefore, this protein cannot be used as a loading control under that type of conditions, data in application example,
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene. (EC:4.4.1.14). Synonymes: S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase 7.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
RpoB (RNA polymerase beta subunit (chloroplast)) is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonuceloside triphosphates as substrates.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Alloteropsis semialata, Cannabis sativa, Coleataenia prionitis, Digitaria exilis, Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli , Eragrostis tef, Microlaena stipoides, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Oryza sativa, Phragmites australis, Potamophila parviflora, Rhynchoryza subulata, Saccharum officinarum, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Stipa lipskyi, Sporobolus michauxianus, Triticum aestivum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
His-tagged, highly conserved fragment of Zea mays RpoB gi|540067377|gb|AGV02730.1| RNA polymerase beta subunit (chloroplast) [Zea mays subsp. mays], UniProt: A0A059Q6W3
RpoC1 (RNA polymerase beta' subunit (chloroplast)) is a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Tubulin gamma chain is essential for the control of microtubular network. It is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; Do not freeze. Do not exceed exipry date is provided on the tube. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated gamma-tubulin peptide EYHAATRPDYISWGTQ, amino acids 434-449. UniProt: P23258The epitope was located in the aminoacid sequence PDYISW (aa441-446 in human), which is identical for gamma-tubulin 1 and gamma-tubulin 2.
This antibody recognizes C-terminus (amino acids 434-449 in human) of gamma-tubulin, a 48 kDa structural constituent of cytoskeleton and microtubule organizing center (MTOC). The epitope which this antibody is recognizing is conserved in Arabidopsis thaliana Tubulin gamma-1 chain, UniProt: P38557, Gene ID: At3g61650 and Tubulin gamma-2 chain, UniProt: P38558, Gene ID: At5g05620Recommended secondary antibody: goat anti-mouse IgG1 AS16 3715
Mouse anti-HA is a primary antibody which binds to HA and is directly conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase . This is of advantage to shorten assay time when no need to use a secondary antibody to HA.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Product is stable for up to 4 weeks at 2-8°Cafter rehydration. For extended storage after rehydration, add an equal volume of glycerol and Store at -20 °C.
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified in 25 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.12 mM ZnCl2, pH 7.4. with 2 mM sodium azide.
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2017). The inhibition of protein translation mediated by AtGCN1 is essential for cold tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ. 2017 Jan;40(1):56-68. doi: 10.1111/pce.12826.
Special application note:
Antibody is provided in: 25 mM Tris, 150 mM Sodium Chloride, 5 mM Magnesium Chloride, 0,12 mM Zinc Chloride, pH 7,4 with 2 mM Sodium Azide
Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. Occupies a key position both for transferring the photoreducing power to Fd-NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR), hence the formation of NADPH, and for mediating the cyclic electron flow around photosystem I (PSI). Fd2 is most abundant Fd isoprotein expressed in plant leaves.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
15 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ramirez et al. (2013). Glutathione and ascorbic acid protect Arabidopsis plants against detrimental effects of iron deficiency.Hanke et al. (2004). A post genomic characterizationof Arabidopsis ferredoxins. Plant Physiol. 2004 Jan;134(1):255-64. Epub 2003 Dec 18 (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. It occupies a key position both for transferring the photoreducing power to Fd-NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR), hence the formation of NADPH, and for mediating the cyclic electron flow around photosystem I (PSI).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativusSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant maize Fd1, UniProt: P27787
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
12 | 15 kDa
Not reactive in:
Nicotiana benthamiana
Selected references:
Hanke and Hase (2008). Variable Photosynthetic Roles of Two Leaf-Type Ferredoxins in Arabidopsis, as Revealed by RNA Interference. Photochem Photobiol. 84(6):1302-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00411.x.Kimata and Hase (1989). Localization of Ferredoxin Isoproteins in Mesophyll and Bundle Sheath Cells in Maize Leaf. Plant Physiol. 89(4):1193-7. doi: 10.1104/pp.89.4.1193.
Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR) isoproteins of plant roots play a key role in redox homeostasis of NADPH / NADP + and donation of reducing equivalence to ferredoxin. R-FNR2 is major form of R-FNR and involved in reduction and detoxication of nitrite in root.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Antibody will recognize two root FNR proteins (R-FNR1 and R-FNR2) of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays as well as leaf FNRs.This antibody can be used as a marker of plastids localised in roots.
Application Details:
1: 1000 - 1: 30 000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
36,3 kDa | 35,57 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Hachiya et al. (2016). Arabidopsis Root-Type Ferredoxin:NADP(H) Oxidoreductase 2 Is Involved in Detoxification of Nitrite in Roots . Plant Cell Physiol. 57(11):2440-2450. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcw158.Hachiya et al. (2016). Arabidopsis Root-Type Ferredoxin:NADP(H) Oxidoreductase 2 Is Involved in Detoxification of Nitrite in Roots. Plant Cell Physiol. 57(11):2440-2450. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcw158.Onda et al. (2000). Differential Interaction of Maize Root ferredoxin:NADP(+) Oxidoreductase With Photosynthetic and Non-Photosynthetic Ferredoxin Isoproteins. Plant Physiol. 123(3):1037-45. doi: 10.1104/pp.123.3.1037. Onda et al. (2000). Differential Interaction of Maize Root ferredoxin:NADP(+) Oxidoreductase With Photosynthetic and Non-Photosynthetic Ferredoxin Isoproteins. Plant Physiol. 123(3):1037-45. doi: 10.1104/pp.123.3.1037.
FNR3 | Ferredoxin NADP Reductase, isoprotein 3 (leaf) (L-FNR1) plays a key role in regulating the relative amounts of cyclic and non-cyclic electron flow to meet the demands of the plant for ATP and reducing power. Localized in chloroplast.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Dichanthelium oligosanthes, Panicum hallii, Sorghum bicolor Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant maize leaf FNR3, UniProt: B4FUM2
This antibody is also detecting other maize L-FNRs: FNR2 and FNR1 in Zea mays and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf extracts, in the order of reactivity in each species.
Application Details:
1: 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
40,6 | 34,7 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Okutani et al. (2005). Three Maize Leaf ferredoxin:NADPH Oxidoreductases Vary in Subchloroplast Location, Expression, and Interaction With Ferredoxin. Plant Physiol . 2005 Nov;139(3):1451-9. doi: 10.1104/pp.105.070813.Okutani et al. (2005). Three Maize Leaf ferredoxin:NADPH Oxidoreductases Vary in Subchloroplast Location, Expression, and Interaction With Ferredoxin. Plant Physiol. 2005 Nov;139(3):1451-9. doi: 10.1104/pp.105.070813.
Degradation of the most abundant membrane protein on earth, the light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II (LHC II), is highly regulated under various environmental conditions, e.g., light stress, to prevent photochemical damage to the reaction center. FtsH6 is proposed to be a general LHC II protease and FtsH6-dependent LHC II proteolysis can be a feature of all higher plants.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide chosen from AtFtsH6 protein sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana Q1PDW5
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water/tube
Molecular Weight:
74,36 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Sedaghatmehr et al. (2022) Heat shock factor HSFA2 fine-tunes resetting of thermomemory via plastidic metalloprotease FtsH6. J Exp Bot. 2022 Jun 15:erac257. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac257. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35705109.Sedaghatmehr et al. (2016). The plastid metalloprotease FtsH6 and small heat shock protein HSP21 jointly regulate thermomemory in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun. 2016 Aug 26;7:12439. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12439.
SMT1 (EC=2.1.1.41) is an enzyme involved in steroid biosynthesis localized specific to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Boutte et al., 2009 . It is catalyzing the methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-methionine to the C-24 of cycloartenol to form 24-methylene cycloartenol. The protein is highly expressed in vascular tissue, mature leaves and in regions undergoing cellular expansion. Alternative names: Cycloartenol-C-24-methyltransferase, 24-sterol C-methyltransferase 1, Protein STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 1, Protein CEPHALOPOD
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Amborella trichopoda, Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Capsella rubella, Citrus clementina, Eutrema salsugineum, Glycine max, Glycine soja, Gossypium mexicanum, Medicago truncatula, Populus trichopocarpa, Prunus persica, Ricinus communis, Theobroma cacao, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
SMT1 antibody characterization in Western Blot and immunofluorescence labeling: Boutt Y et al. (2010). Endocytosis restricts Arabidopsis KNOLLE syntaxin to the cell division plane during late cytokinesis. EMBO J. 29, 5465-5458.
Ming-fang et al. (2021) Improved quantification of immune-gold labeling and its use to compare the distribution of cellular factors among sub-chloroplast compartments,Micron,2021,103060,ISSN 0968-4328,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2021.103060.Cano-Ramirez et al. (2021) M. Plasma Membrane Fluidity: An Environment Thermal Detector in Plants. Cells. 2021 Oct 17;10(10):2778. doi: 10.3390/cells10102778. PMID: 34685758; PMCID: PMC8535034.Collins et al. (2020). EPSIN1 Modulates the Plasma Membrane Abundance of FLAGELLIN SENSING2 for Effective Immune Responses . Plant Physiol. 2020 Feb 24. pii: pp.01172.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01172Laohavisit (2020). Quinone perception in plants via leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinases. Nature. 2020 Nov;587(7832):92-97. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2655-4. Epub 2020 Sep 2. PMID: 32879491.Yang et al. (2016). Arabidopsis PROTEASOME REGULATOR1 is required for auxin-mediated suppression of proteasome activity and regulates auxin signalling. Nat Commun. 2016 Apr 25;7:11388. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11388.
Special application note:
SMT1 is an integral membrane protein of ER (Boutte et al., 2009) while BiP is a membrane associated protein.Endogenous SMT1 is expressed at very low levels in root epidermis and root cap as compare to cortex and endodermis and therefore this can contribute to SMT1 detection problems.
Assimilatory nitrate reductase (NR), (EC.1.6.6.1) catalyses the reduction of nitrate to nitrite in the cytoplasm. Plants contain 2 forms of NR: NADH-NR (most common form in plants and algae, predominantly found in green tissues) and NAD(P)H-NR (uses NADH or NADPH as the electron donor, constitutively expressed in plants at a low level). NADH-NR is a homodimer of two identical subunits (100-115 kDa each, hold together by a Mo-cofactor) each of them coded by up to three genes (NR1-3, NIA1-NIA3).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved domain in NADH-NR protein sequences including A.thaliana NR1 P11832, At1g77760 and NR2 P11035, At1g37130
In Chlamydmonas reinhardtii anti-NR antibody is also reacting with L-Aminoacid Oxidase (a nitrogen scavenging enzyme induced during nitrogen starvation).Using this antibody genome editing in Chlorella vulgaris UTEX395 by CRISPR-Cas9 system has been demonstrated as described in Kim et al. (2021)Chemiluminescent detection is advised for NR detection using this antibody.
Costa-Broseta et al. (2021). Post-Translational Modifications of Nitrate Reductases Autoregulates Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 7;22(2):E549. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020549. PMID: 33430433.Kim et al. (2021). Establishment of a Genome Editing Tool Using CRISPR-Cas9 in Chlorella vulgaris UTEX395. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 6;22(2):E480. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020480. PMID: 33418923.Prinsi et al. (2021). Biochemical and Proteomic Changes in the Roots of M4 Grapevine Rootstock in Response to Nitrate Availability. Plants 10, no. 4: 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040792Maresca et al. (2021) Biological responses to heavy metal stress in the moss Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Jan 1;229:113078. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113078. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 34929502.Zhang et al. (2020). Hydrogen sulfide and rhizobia synergistically regulate nitrogen (N) assimilation and remobilization during N deficiency-induced senescence in soybean. Plant Cell Environ. 2020 Feb 3. doi: 10.1111/pce.13736.
The major light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII) in photosynthetic eukaryotes is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. It is a heterotrimeric complex formed by up to 3 different individual subtypes of chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Lhcb1, Lhcb2, and Lhcb3. Lhcb1 is the most abundant chlorophyll a/b-binding protein in eukaryotic phototrophs and often is coded by several nuclear genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Pinus strobus L.
Expected Species:
Algae, Dicots, Mosses Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
BSA-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from Arabidopsis thaliana At1g29910 (Lhcb1.1), At1g29920 (Lhcb1.2), At1g29930 (Lhcb1.3, most expressed), At2g34430 (Lhcb1.4), and At2g34420 (Lhcb1.5)
This Lhcb1 antibody is directed specifically against the Arabidopsis Lhcb1 gene products, for those that would prefer higher specific activity over broader specificity offered by Agrisera older Lhcb1 antibody, AS01 004Protein is processed into mature form (Jansson 1999).
Application Details:
1 : 2500-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 µl of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28 | 25 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wang et al. (2020). Post-translational coordination of chlorophyll biosynthesis and breakdown by BCMs maintains chlorophyll homeostasis during leaf development. Nat Commun. 2020; 11: 1254. Pralon et al. (2019). Plastoquinone homoeostasis by Arabidopsis proton gradient regulation 6 is essential for photosynthetic efficiency. Commun Biol. 2019 Jun 20;2:220. doi: 10.1038/s42003-019-0477-4. Lal et al. (2018). The Receptor-like Cytoplasmic Kinase BIK1 Localizes to the Nucleus and Regulates Defense Hormone Expression during Plant Innate Immunity. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Apr 11;23(4):485-497.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.03.010.Tamburino et al. (2017). Chloroplast proteome response to drought stress and recovery in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). BMC Plant Biol. 2017 Feb 10;17(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12870-017-0971-0.Fristedt et al. (2017). PSB33 sustains photosystem II D1 protein under fluctuating light conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany doi:10.1093/jxb/erx218.Hartings et al. (2017). The DnaJ-Like Zinc-Finger Protein HCF222 Is Required for Thylakoid Membrane Biogenesis in Plants. Plant Physiol. 2017 Jul;174(3):1807-1824. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.00401.Correa-Galvis et al. (2016). PsbS interactions involved in the activation of energy dissipation in Arabidopsis. Nature Plants 2, Article number: 15225 (2016) doi:10.1038/nplants.2015.225Longoni et al. (2015). Phosphorylation of the Lhcb2 isoform of Light Harvesting Complex II is central to state transitions. Plant Physiol. 2015 Oct 5. pii: pp.01498.2015.Wientjes et al (2013). LHCII is an antenna of both photosystems after long-term acclimation. BBA, Jan 6.
Special application note:
A molecular characterisation of the LHCII proteins can be found in Caffarri et al. (2004) A Look within LHCII: Differential Analysis of the Lhcb1−3 Complexes Building the Major Trimeric Antenna Complex of Higher-Plant Photosynthesis. Biochemistry 43 (29): 9467–9476
This blocking peptide can be used as a control to neutralize AGO1 | argonaute 1 before immunolocalization or western blot. Furter details are provided below.AGO1 belongs to a group of argonaute proteins which are catalytic component of the RNA-incudes silencing complex (RISC). This protein complex is responsible for the gene silencing (RNAi).
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Due to its low molecular weight, this peptide is not suitable for separation on a SDS gel,
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution please add sterile water
Molecular Weight:
1716,9 Da
Special application note:
Estimation of the ratio between antibodies and peptide : In neutralisation assay use 9,16 g of argonaute 1 peptide for 10 ml of reaction volume. In case of any questions please contact support@agrisera.com
BiP2 (Binding immunoglobulin protein) is localized in endoplasmic reticulum lumen (ER) and plays a role in protein assembly inside ER. BiP protein is abundant under all growth conditions but its synthesis can increase under conditions that lead to the accumulation of unfolded polypeptides in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Alternative name: AtBP2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrium patens, Piea sitchensis, Populus trichocarpa, Spinacia oleracea, Zea mays Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Protein or membrane sample should be treated at 70 C for 10 min before loading on the gel
Application Details:
1 : 50-1 : 1000 (IF), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified total IgY. in PBS pH 7.4.
Molecular Weight:
73,5 | 80 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Bennett et al. (2014). Plasma Membrane-Targeted PIN Proteins Drive Shoot Development in a Moss. Curr Biol. 2014 Dec 1;24(23):2776-85. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.054. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
Special application note:
Antibody solution contains 0,02% sodium azide as preservative
UniProt number:
Q39043
TAIR number:
AT1G09080, AT5G42020
Research area:
Arabidopsis thaliana antibodies
Code:
CM20
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