The antibody reacts with a Guinea pig lymphocyte subset probably analog to human CD8 (cytotoxic/suppressor) subset. CD8 comprises 2 subunits, alpha and beta and exists as either an alpha/alpha homodimer or an alpha/beta heterodimer. Sequence suggests that guinea pig CD8 is more closely related to human than rat or mouse CD8. Although this monoclonal originally was developed for the detection of a Guinea pig lymphocyte subset, it also can be used as a negative control for the JSB-1 monoclonal antibodies because it is of the same IgG subclass.
NK cells make up approximately 10% - 25% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In addition, NCAM is expressed on a variety of neural tissues and some tumors of neuro-endocrine origin, such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The CD56 antigen is not expressed on other immune cells. MOC-1 detects an isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) expressed on natural killer (NK) cells of approximately 145 kDa
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MOC-1
Concentration:
50 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
0.01 M sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl; pH 7.3, 0.2% BSA, 0.09% sodiumazide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De Leij, L., et al., 1985. Cancer Research 45: 2192-2200
The antibody is directed against a single band of 180 kD of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and shows no cross-reactivity neither with bilary glycoprotein (BGP) nor with non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA).
The antibody stains over 95% of primary renal cell carcinomas and 60% of metastases of renal cell carcinoma and glomerular visceral epithelium and proximal tubules in normal kidney (cytoplasmic). It does not stain epithelial cells of non-renal malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RC38
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Oosterwijk E et al. (1986). Am J Pathol 123, 301-309
The antibody recognizes a transmembrane glycoprotein of 140 and 180 kD which has been identified as NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Module). At the international Workshop on SCLC antibodies 123C3 has been categorized as cluster 1 antibody. All cells in small cell carcinomas and carcinoids of the lung are strongly positive for 123C3. A minority of cases of other major types of lung carcinoma are sometimes positive as well: however this positivity is generally weak and focal. Adenoid cystic carcinomas of bronchial glands are strongly positive. Neuroblastoma's and Wilms tumors are usually also staining strongly positive. In non-small lung cell carcinomas, 123C3 staining has been associated with more advanced stage and a decreased survival after surgery. Furthermore, this antibody can be used to support diagnosis of lymphoma or to detect residual disease for cases of CD56 positive T/NK -cell lymphoma in which the neoplastic lymphoid cells are small and show minimal atypia, especially in small biopsies.
The antibody stains 80% of non-mucinous primary and metastatic ovarian cancers. This monoclonal antibody is used for the identification of primary and metastatic non-mucinous ovarian carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma cells in peritoneal fluids. It rarely stains nongynaecological malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OV632
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleuren GJ et al. (1987) Virchows Archiv A, 410, 481-486
References 2:
Boerman OC et al. (1991) Int J Gynecol 10, 15-23
References 3:
Delahye H et al., (1991) J Pathol 165 137-143
References 4:
Boerman OC et al. (1991) Anticancer Res 10, 1289-1296
CD63 (LAMP-3, lysosome-associated membrane protein-3), a glycoprotein of tetraspanin family, is present in late endosomes, lysosomes and secretory vesicles of various cell types. It is also present in the plasma membrane, usually following cell activation. Hence, it has become an widely used basophil activation marker. In mast cells, however, CD63 exposition does not need their activation. CD63 interacts with integrins and affects phagocytosis and cell migration, it is also involved in H/K-ATPase trafficking regulation of ROMK1 channels. CD63 also serves as a T-cell costimulation molecule. Expression of CD63 can be used for predicting the prognosis in earlier stages of carcinomas.
CD63 (LAMP-3, lysosome-associated membrane protein-3), a glycoprotein of tetraspanin family, is present in late endosomes, lysosomes and secretory vesicles of various cell types. It is also present in the plasma membrane, usually following cell activation. Hence, it has become an widely used basophil activation marker. In mast cells, however, CD63 exposition does not need their activation. CD63 interacts with integrins and affects phagocytosis and cell migration, it is also involved in H/K-ATPase trafficking regulation of ROMK1 channels. CD63 also serves as a T-cell costimulation molecule. Expression of CD63 can be used for predicting the prognosis in earlier stages of carcinomas.
CD63 (LAMP-3, lysosome-associated membrane protein-3), a glycoprotein of tetraspanin family, is present in late endosomes, lysosomes and secretory vesicles of various cell types. It is also present in the plasma membrane, usually following cell activation. Hence, it has become an widely used basophil activation marker. In mast cells, however, CD63 exposition does not need their activation. CD63 interacts with integrins and affects phagocytosis and cell migration, it is also involved in H/K-ATPase trafficking regulation of ROMK1 channels. CD63 also serves as a T-cell costimulation molecule. Expression of CD63 can be used for predicting the prognosis in earlier stages of carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-259
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Skp2 (S-phase Kinase-associated Protein 2) belongs to the family of F-box proteins that interact with the Cyclin A-Cdk2 complex. Skp2 is essential for the G1-S transition in both transformed cells and diploid fibroblasts. Biochemical and genetic experiments have demonstrated that Skp2 is required for the ubiquitination and consequent degradation of p27 in cultured mammalian cells and in vitro reconstitution assays. In normal tissues, Skp2 is expressed in tonsil and placenta.
Mouse anti Human macrophages, clone MAC387 recognizes the L1 or Calprotectin molecule, an intracytoplasmic antigen comprised of a 12 kDa alpha chain and a 14 kDa beta chain. Although originally described as binding to epitopes common to both the alpha and beta chains (Flavell et al. 1987) subsequent studies indicate that the antibody detects an epitope exclusively expressed on the beta chain (Goebeler et al. 1994) demonstrated by immunofluorescent and western blotting on both naturally expressing and transfected targets. In addition Mouse anti Human macrophages, clone MAC387 detects the beta chain in complex with the alpha.The antigen recognized by Mouse anti Human macrophages, clone MAC387 is expressed by granulocytes, monocytes and by tissue macrophages. Variable results have been reported for staining brain macrophages and microglia. The epitope recognized appears to be well conserved and the antibody is routinely used for the detection of myeloid cells in a wide range of species.
Mouse anti human CD236 antibody, clone HEA-125 recognizes CD326 also known as Adenocarcinoma-associated antigen, Epithelial glycoprotein 314 or Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (Ep-CAM). CD326 is a 314 amino acid ~34 kDa single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein nearing a single thyroglobulin type-1 domain (UniProt: P16422).CD326 is expressed on the basolateral membrane of cells by the majority of epithelial tissues, with the exception of adult squamous epithelium and some specific epithelial cell types including hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells.CD326 expression has been reported to be a possible marker of early malignancy, with expression being increased in tumour cells (Balzar et al. 1999), and de novo expression being seen in dysplastic squamous epithelium (Winter et al. 2003). CD326 has been identified independently by a number of groups, and it has been known by a variety of names including Epithelial Specific Antigen, MOC31 (Proca et al. 2000) and Ber-EP4 (Patriarca et al. 2012).
Mouse anti Human TGF beta antibody, clone TB21 recognizes both human platelet-derived and recombinant TGF-beta1 in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mouse anti Human TGF beta antibody, clone TB21 demonstrates neutralising activity against TGF-beta1 in cell proliferation assays. Mouse anti Human TGF beta antibody, clone TB21 has been demonstrated to react with dimeric (~25 kDa) or monomeric (~12.5 kDa) molecules of natural TGF-beta1 under non-reducing and reducing conditions respectively.
Mouse anti Human Prolactin antibody, clone INN-hPRL-1 recognises human prolactin, also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, binding to epitope 'c' as determined by a competitive binding assay (Staindl et al. 1987). Prolactin is a 199 amnio acid ~24 kDa secreted anterior pituitary hormone acting to promote lactation.
Mouse anti HumanFSH beta 2, clone INN-hFSH-60 is directed against the Beta 2 epitope of the Beta subunit of hFSH, INN-hFSH-60 shows strong reactions with hFSH and beta-hFSH, but no cross-reactivity with hTSH, hLH, hCG, alpha-hCG or alpha-hFSH. The recognition site is located near the alpha 1 binding site on the hFSH molecule. It is not compatible with other anti-hFSH-beta antibodies.
Mouse anti Human granzyme A antibody, clone GA6 recognizes Granzyme A, a ~60 kDa disulphide-linked homodimeric protein of two 262 amino acid chains, expressed in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes and NK cells.Granzyme A is involved in the induction of apoptosis via its activity as a serine protease, but this would seem to be subsidiary to the role of Granzyme B. Granzyme A deficient mice are indistinguishable from normal animals in their response to infection.Granzyme A has been proposed as a potential biomarker for patients with active tuberculosis with significantly lower levels present in the plasma of patients with the active form of the disease compared to patients with latent infection (Guggino et al. 2015).
Mouse anti Human aquaporin 1 antibody, clone 1/A5F6 recognizes an epitope within the cytoplasmic domain of the water-specific channel aquaporin 1, also known as AQP1 or CHIP-28.Aquaporin 1 is a ~28 kDa integral membrane protein which was originally identified in red blood cells and the kidney. AQP1 is also expressed by the choroid plexus and various other tissues. The glycosylated forms of AQP1 range between 40-60 kDa.
Among the six actin isoforms described in mammals, two are found in virtually all cells (?- and ?-cytoplasmic), two are detected in smooth muscle cells (?- and ?-smooth muscle) and two are present in striated muscles, one predominantly in skeletal (?-skeletal) and one in cardiac (?-cardiac) muscle cells. These actin isoforms differ slightly in their N-terminus, but the sequence of each of these actins is highly conserved in higher vertebRates. Alpha- muscle actin is present in striated as well as smooth muscle cells, and in pathological tissues derived therefrom.HHF35 reacts with both ?-muscle and ?-smooth muscle actin, and therefore reacts with skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, vascular and visceral smooth muscle cells, pericytes and myoepithelial cells. It is also reactive in myofibroblasts. It does not react with epithelial, endothelial, neural or normal connective tissue cells when applied under the proper conditions to these tissue sections.
Mouse anti Human Mcm5 antibody, clone CRCT5.1 recognizes human Mcm-5 (minichromosome maintenance protein 5), also known as DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 or P1-CDC46. Mcm5 is a nuclear protein of ~95kDa with an important role in the control of DNA replication (Snyder et al. 2005).Immunocytochemical assessment of Mcm5 expression may be of value in improving the accuracy of cervical smear testing for the detection of malignancy (Murphy et al. 2004).
Mouse anti Human MCM2 antibody, clone CRCT2.1 recognizes human DNA replication licensing factor MCM2, also known as Mcm2, Nuclear protein BM28 or mini chromosome maintenance protein-2. Mcm-2 is a 904 amino acid ~125kDa nuclear protein involved in the control of DNA replication.Mouse anti Human MCM2 antibody, clone CRCT2.1 has been used successfully for the detection of human MCM2 in ovarian adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues (Gakiopoulou et al. 2007).
Synthetic peptide derived from the carboxy terminal region of the human CD8 alpha chain coupled to a N-terminal cysteine, with the sequence C-KSDGKPSLSARYV. The peptide was coupled to bovine serum albumin and keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 recognizes the human CD8 cell surface antigen, a ~32 kDa glycoprotein expressed by the cytotoxic/suppressor subset of T-cells and weakly by NK cells. Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 was raised based on an earlier successful strategy used to generate rabbit polyclonal antibodies against human CD8 employing the same immunizing peptide (Mason et al. 1992).Mouse anti Human CD8 antibody, clone 4B11 has been reported as being suitable for use in Western blotting (Williamson et al. 1998) .
Mouse anti Human CD68 antibody, clone 514H12 recognizes the human CD68 cell surface antigen, a ~110 kDa glycoprotein primarily expressed by macrophages and monocytes.
Mouse anti Human CD21 antibody, clone 2G9 recognizes the human CD21 cell surface antigen, a ~140 kDa glycoprotein. CD21 is expressed by mature B lymphocytes.
Mouse anti Human myeloperoxidase antibody, clone 2C7 recognizes human myeloperoxidase (MPO). MPO is an important component of azurophilic granules in neutrophils, being involved in microbicidal processes. The protein is a multimer of 2 heavy chains (55 kDa) and two light chains (15 kDa), the heavy chains being linked by a disulphide bond. Mouse anti Human Myeloperoxidase antibody, clone 2C7 recognizes native MPO in Western blots, and the heavy chain following boiling of the sample. Mouse anti Human Myeloperoxidase antibody, clone 2C7 also recognizes recombinant MPO in western blots and weakly in ELISA.Mouse anti Human myeloperoxidase antibody, clone 2C7 may be of value in the study of myeloid cells and myeloid leukaemias by flow cytometry following cell permeabilization. Mouse anti Human myeloperoxidase antibody, clone 2C7 did not recognize rat MPO by ELISA (Patry et al. 2003).
Mouse anti Human CD66e antibody, clone C365D3 (NCRC23) recognizes human Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5, also known as CD66e, carcinoembryonic antigen, Meconium antigen 100, CEA or CEACAM5. CD66e is a 702 amino acid ~77 kDa GPI anchored membrane protein containing 7 Ig-like domains. Mouse anti Human CD66e antibody, clone C365D3 does not cross-react with normal cross-reacting antigen (CD66c), or with biliary glycoprotein 1 (CD66a) as indicated by binding assays (Price 1988, note: in this study Mouse anti Human CD66e antibody, clone C365D3 is designated as clone 6 (from author)).
Mouse anti Human CD55 antibody, clone 67 recognizes the human CD55 cell surface antigen, a GPI linked molecule also known as decay accelerating factor (DAF). CD55 is expressed by a wide range of cell types.CD55 is the complement regulatory protein, decay accelerating factor (DAF) (Lublin and Atkinson 1989). Human CD55 is a ~70 kDa glycoprotein (in erythrocytes) anchored in the membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol tail. In other cells the apparent molecular weight is somewhat larger. It has a substantial content of O-glycans, and also on N-glycan. DAF binds to activated C4b or C3b complement fragments on the cell surface, preventing the assembly and accelerating the decay of both classical and alternative pathways. DAF carries the Cromer related blood group antigens.DAF has a wide distribution on cells in non-haematopoietic tissues, particularly epithelium and is found at the fetal-maternal interface in placenta (Holmes et al. 1990 and Yang et al. 2009). Soluble forms of DAF are found, for example, in plasma, saliva and urine (Medof et al. 1987). The antigen on erythrocytes is pronase and chymotrypsin sensitive, but resistant to trypsin.
Mouse anti Human CD40 antibody, clone LOB7/6 recognizes the human CD40 cell surface antigen, a 48kDa glycoprotein expressed by B lymphocytes and weakly by some monocytes.CD40 is involved in the process of B cell selection in germinal centres and is vital in T cell-B cell interactions.
Mouse anti poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 antibody, clone A6.4.12 recognizes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), a ~116 kDa nuclear enzyme, cleaved during apoptosis (Soldani et al. 2002). PARP-1, a caretaker enzyme, is involved in DNA damage repair (Langelier et al. 2013), plays roles in diabetes pathophysiology (Andreone et al. 2012) and tumour proliferation (Rosado et al 2013.).As well as protecting cells from genomic instability, PARP-1 is involved in the development of both inflammatory and immune responses, and cell death by apoptosis and necrosis (Erdélyi et al. 2005). Mouse anti poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 antibody, clone A6.4.12, targets PARP-1, an enzyme which represents a promising target for new developments in therapeutic treatment of immune mediated diseases (Rosado et al. 2013). PARP-1 has considerable potential for delivering selective tumour cell killing while sparing normal cells (Pinton et al. 2013).
Mouse anti Human mast cell tryptase, clone AA1 recognizes human mast cell tryptase, both alpha and beta isoforms. Mouse anti Mast cell tryptase, clone AA1 is an excellent marker for mast cells, and does not bind to any other cell type in immunohistology (Walls et al. 1990).Tryptases are the products of a number of genes and form the major neutral protease present in mast cells secreted in response to infection and injury. Mast cell tryptase has an important role in the pathology of inflammatory diseases, especially asthma through bronchoconstriction (Zhang and Timmerman 1997).
Mouse anti Human SNAP-25 antibody, clone SP12 recognizes the human pre-synaptic protein, SNAP-25, also known as Synaptosomal-associated protein 25, Super protein (SUP) or Synaptosomal-associated 25 kDa protein. SNAP-25 is a 206 amino acid presynaptic protein of ~25 kDa containing two t-SNARE coiled-coil homology domains. Mouse anti human SNAP-25 antibody, clone SP12 will recognize SNAP-25 fusion protein from COS cells, but not the fusion protein from bacterial systems.Mouse anti Human SNAP-25 antibody, clone SP12 has been used to study the distribution of synaptic changes in the hippocampus of patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. (Honer et al. 1994).
Mouse anti Human CD57 antibody, clone TB01 recognizes CD57, also known as HNK-1, an oligosaccharide antigenic determinant present on a variety of polypeptides, lipids and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans. Its function is poorly understood. CD57 is present on a subset of NK and T cells.
Mouse anti Human CD88 antibody, clone S5/1 recognizes the C5a receptor (C5aR) CD88, which is predominantly expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage. Clone S5/1 was raised against a synthetic peptide comprising the N-terminal extracellular domain of the C5aR (met1-Asn31) and has recently been shown to recognise the heptameric peptide (D15DKDTLD21).Clone S5/1 has been shown to inhibit the binding of C5a to its receptor.
Mouse anti hCG (Alpha 4 Epitope) antibody, clone INN-hFSH-132 is a high affinity antibody recognising the alpha 4 epitope of the alpha-subunit of Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG), hLH, hFSH, hTSH and free alpha-subunit.The recognised epitope comprises amino-acids alpha 15 to alpha 22 of the human sequence. Mouse anti hCG (Alpha 4 Epitope) antibody, clone INN-hFSH-132 will not cross-react with glycoprotein hormones of various animal species.
F1G4 reacts with GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary. GnRH stimulates the gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary to secrete luteinising hormone (LH) as well as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The receptor contains seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains connected by hydrophilic extracellular, and intracellular loops characteristic of G protein couple receptors. Some cancers like ovarian and breast cancers sometimes carry GnRH receptors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F1G4
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Karande, A.A., et al., Molec. Cell. Endocrinol. 114: 51-56 (1995)
A9E4 reacts with GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary. GnRH stimulates the gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary to secrete luteinising hormone (LH) as well as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The receptor contains seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains connected by hydrophilic extracellular, and intracellular loops, characteristic of G-protein coupled receptors. Some cancers like ovarian and breast cancers sometimes carry GnRH receptors
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1,kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
A9E4
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Karande, AA, et al, Molec. Cell. Endocrinol. 114: 51-56 (1995)
Mouse anti Human ACTH antibody (Clone 57, BGN/1388/66) recognizes 1-24 ACTH (Synacthen) which, as a synthetic analogue of naturally-occurring Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, can be used to measure adrenal reserve and for the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency by acute adrenocortical stimulation.
ACTH, released from the anterior pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus, acts on the adrenal cortex to stimulate the production of corticosteroids such as cortisol, involved in the response to stress. Studies have shown that the administration of 1-24 ACTH increases blood pressure, believed to be attributed to an increase in ACTH-stimulated cortisol secretion, in association with increased cardiac output.
Mouse anti Human ACTH antibody does not recognize 17-39 ACTH (CLIP). It does cross-reacts with rat N-terminal ACTH.
EP-4 recognizes the HLA-B27 cell surface antigen on human cells. HLA-B27 has been found to be highly associated (60%) with ankylosing spondylitis (Bekhterev's disease, MarieStrümpell disease or "bamboo spine"). While rheumatoid factor tests will be negative, testing for the presence of HLA-B27 in a patient can confirm the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. Also postgonococcal arthritis and acute anterior uveitis are associated with HLA-B27.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM,kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP-4
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hansen JA et al. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am, 4(3): 507-515 (1990)
References 2:
El-Shabrawi, Y. et al. Ophthalmology 113: 695-700 (2006).
CD300a (CMRF-35H, IRp60) is a non-MHC-specific inhibitory receptor of immunoglobulin superfamily, which contains three immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that associate with SH2-containing phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2. CD300a is expressed on many cell types including T cells, NK cells, neutrophils, eosinophils or mast cells. Its triggering inhibits activating signals such as those of IL5, GM-CSF or eotaxin, as well as supresses mast cell degranulation or NK cell cytotoxic activity.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-260
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
CD44 (HCAM) is a transmembrane protein expressed by lymphocytes, erythrocytes and several normal epithelial cells and is a member of the CAM family. It is involved in lymphocyte homing, T-lymphocyte activation, interaction with hyaluronic acid and may act as an adhesion molecule. The human CD44 is composed of 19 exons, 9 variably expressed due to alternative splicing of mRNA; RT CD44 (CD44s) is composed of exons 1-5 and 15-19. The loss of CD44s expression predicts unfavorable outcome in bladder cancers, squamous cell carcinomas of the skin, prostatic adenocarcinoma and neuroblastomas. In immunoblotting the antibody reacts with a glycoprotein isolated from hematopoetic cells and epithelial cells with a respective molecular weight of 29-37 kD and 51 kD. Positive control: Tonsil (cell membrane staining).
IPO-M6 reacts with human leukemia cell line HL-60 and immuno-precipitates two proteins with MW of 48 and 52 kDa. IPO-M6 does not stain B cell lines Daudy, PHS, Namalwa, RPMI-1788 and T-cell lines CCRF-HSB2, Jurkat and Molt-4. IPO-M6 can be applied for staining of monocytes and up to 10 % of lymphocytes from peripheral blood of healthy donors. Blast cells of patients with AMMonL (M5 following FAB classification), AMMonL (M4) and hairy cells leukemia are IPO-M6 positive. The antigen, defined by IPO-M6, is particularly expressed on blood cells from patients with infectious mononucleosis and CLL. Histiocytes and macrophages are also positive. Malignant cells from patients with AML (M1 and M2), T-ALL, B ALL are IPO-M6 negative.
58-15 Recognizes riboncleoproteins (RNP), found predominantly in nuclear ribonucleoprotein (nRNP) particles, one of the main components of nucleoli. It identifies cells active in the cell cycle and hence can be used to measure the mitotic activity of cell populations. Since the antibody can be used in paraffin embedded tissue sections, it can identify actively cycling cells within routinely fixed tissue specimens. 58-15 Can be considered a pan nRNP antibody. Pan nRNP antibodies provide detection for a range of RNP proteins.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
58-15
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Clevenger, C.V. et al. J Histochem Cytochem 32: 757-765 (1984)
References 2:
Clevenger, C.V. et al. Cytometry 6: 208-214 (1985)
References 3:
Maryam A and Nigel WF, J Virol. 75: 12070-12080, (2001)
Mouse anti Human CD19 antibody, clone LE-CD19 recognizes an epitope within the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail sequence of human CD19, a single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein containing two C2 type Ig-like domains in the N-terminal extracellular region and four potential phosphorylation sites for tyrosine together with a single serine in the cytoplasmic region.Human CD19 is expressed on virtually all cells of the B-cell lineage with the exception of plasma cells and plays a regulatory role in B-cell differentiation and proliferation.B-cells are essential for antibody production and mutations in the CD19 gene can lead to an immunodeficiency syndrome, CIVD3 characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia leading to recurrent infections and the inability to mount an antibody mediated response to immune insult. Although immunoglobulin production is impaired B-cell precursors appear in normal numbers together with some reduction in more mature B-cell forms (van Zelm et al. 2006). B-cells have also been implicated in the progression and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and are common components of both active and chronic MS lesions and well as the CSF (Ritchie et al. 2004)Mouse anti Human CD19 antibody, clone LE-CD19 has been successfully employed for the immunohistochemical demonstration of CD19 in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues (Streeck, H. et al. 2011) and for the detection of CD19 in cell lysates by Western blotting.
Mouse anti Human CD9 antibody, clone MM2/57 recognizes human leukocyte antigen MIC3 also known as MRP-1 or CD9. CD9 is a 228 amino acid multi pass membrane glycoprotein belonging to the tetraspanin family with a molecular weight of ~24 kDa expressed by platelets, monocytes, some lymphocytes and endothelial cells.Mouse anti Human CD9 antibody, clone MM2/57 recognizes a conserved epitope on CD9 present on a wide range of mammalian species.
The antibody reacts with the ?II?-subunit of the ?-integrins. Reacts specifically with platelets, megakaryocytes and leukemic cells able to megakaryocytic differentiation.
Freshly ejaculated dog sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid, lyophylized and subsequently used for immunization.
One of the most frequent causes of man infertility is defective sperm acrosome. This damage can be detected using antibodies against intra-acrosomal proteins. Besides diagnostics of sperm pathology, monoclonal antibodies against intra-acrosomal proteins can be used for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ds-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
VCP (valosin-containing protein), also known as p97, TERA, ALS14, IBMPFD, HEL-220, IBMPFD1, or HEL-S-70, is a member of a protein family that includes putative ATP-binding proteins involved in vesicle transport and fusion, 26S proteasome function, and assembly of peroxisomes. VCP is a structural protein that associates with clathrin and heat-shock protein Hsc70, to form a complex. It has been implicated in a number of cellular events that are regulated during mitosis, including homotypic membrane fusion, spindle pole body function, and ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. In sperm this intra-acrosomal protein can be used as a marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Hs-14
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
GAPDHS (the sperm-specific glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, also known as GAPD2, GAPDS, HSD-35, or GAPDH-2, is a glycolytic enzyme that plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism. Like its somatic cell counterpart, this sperm-specific enzyme functions in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent manner to remove hydrogen and add phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to form 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. During spermiogenesis, this enzyme may play an important role in regulating the switch between different energy-producing pathways, and it is required for sperm motility and male fertility. It can be used as an intra-acrosomal marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Hs-8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The antibody is directed to an immune dominant epitope (location unknown) of the Chlamydia LPS. This LPS is a genus specific antigen. As ascertained by the Dutch State Institute of National Health using a DOT-EIA the antibody reacts strongly with following prototype strains: - C. trachomatis: A B Ba C D E F G H I J K L L1 L2 L3 and mouse pneumonitis, -C. psittaci an ornithosis strain and a cat conjunctivitis strain, - C. pneumoniae: TW183
The immunocytochemical detection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorpoRated into DNA is a powerful tool to study the cytokinetics of normal and neoplastic cells. In vitro or in vivo labeling of tumor cells with the thymidine analogue BrdU and the subsequent detection of incorpoRated BrdU with specific anti-BrdU monoclonal antibodies is an accuRate and comprehensive method to quantitate the degree of DNA-synthesis. BrdU is incorpoRated into the newly synthezised DNA of the S-phase cells and can thus provide an estimate for the fraction of cells in S-phase. Also dynamic prolifeRative information (such as the S-phase transit Rate and the potential doubling time) can be obtained, by means of bivariate BrdU/DNA flow cytometric analysis. IIB5 reacts with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) also when incorporated into nuclear DNA.The antibody is known to cross-react with Iododeoxyuridine (IdU). Although we have no specific information concerning chlorodeoxyuridine (CldU), it is to be expected that also this antigen is recognized by IIB5.Detection of BrdU incorporated into the DNA needs certain retrieval methods that open up the nucleus and the DNA allow the antibody to reach the antigen. see ref. 1, 5.
The antibody reacts with mouse EGF in ELISA and in spot blots. In immunohisto¬chemistry the antibody reacts with formalin fixed and paraffin embedded mouse salivary glands. It also reacts with human Brunner's glands (presumably with urogastr¬on).
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F5
Concentration:
10 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beerstecher HJ et al. (1988) J Histochem Cytohistochem 36, 1153-1160
The antibody reacts with mouse EGF in ELISA (10 ng detectable) and in spot blots (1 ng detectable). In immunohistochemistry the antibody reacts with mouse salivary glands. No crossreaction with rat EGF.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E5
Concentration:
5 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beerstecher HJ et al. (1988) J Histochem Cytohistochem 36, 1153-1160
The antibody reacts with the ?? subunit of the integrin protein family and seems to be human specific. The antibody reacts with an extracellular epitope of the ?? integrin molecule. Mab DF5 does react with paraffin sections
Vitronectin, also known as serum spreading factor, S-protein and epibolin, is a glycoprotein present both in human plasma and serum. Vitronectin has been shown to modulate blood coagulation and complement-induced cytolysis. It is also variably present in diverse loose connective tissues, often in co-localization elastic fibrils.
The antibody reacts with the fibrinogen-like knob-domain of tenascin protein. It has been demonstrated that tenascin immunoreactivity in breast carcinoma cells could be indicative of metastasis and survival. Recent studies using retrospective material showed that the expression of tenascin in invasion border of early breast cancer significantly correlates with higher risk of distant metastasis. These studies have been continued now and the preliminary results clearly suggest that expression of tenascin in invasion border of early breast cancer is significantly associated with proliferative activity and higher risk of local recurrence. This result implicates a wide application for tenascin antibodies in the breast pathology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DB7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA & 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pedrosa-Domellof et al. J Histochem Cytochem 2000;48:201-209
References 2:
Kaarteenaho-Wiik et al. J Histochem Cytochem 2000;48:1257-1268
The antibody reacts with the 4th and 5th fibronectin-like repeats of human tenascin-C. It has been demonstrated that tenascin immunoreactivity in breast carcinoma cells could be indicative of metastasis and survival. Recent studies using retrospective material showed that the expression of tenascin in invasion border of early breast cancer significantly correlates with higher risk of distant metastasis. These studies have been continued now and the preliminary results clearly suggest that expression of tenascin in invasion border of early breast cancer is significantly associated with proliferative activity and higher risk of local recurrence. This result implicates a wide application for tenascin antibodies in the breast pathology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EB2
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA & 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Korhonen et al. J Histochem Cytochem 2000;48:1011-1020
References 2:
Karjalainen et al. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2000;161:2086-2091
The antibody is specific to extradomain A (EDA) sequence of a cellular fibronectin and recognizes thus only the cellular fibronectin. It has been shown that it specifically block chondrocyte condensation in chicken embryos
The antibody is specific to human pepsinogen II and has no crossreactivity to human pepsinogen I. Pepsinogen II is a group of precursor molecules for pepsin. These proteins are secreted into the gastric lumen by the pyloric glands of the gastric antrum and also by the chief and neck cells of the gastric corpus (oxyntic mucosa). Negative immunohistochemical reaction for pepsinogen I (right) but positive reaction for pepsinogen II (left) is a typical sign of the antral mucosa and, in the presence of atrophic gastritis, this staining pattern indicates that the positive glands and cells are metaplastic and pyloric in differentiation (so called pseudopyloric metaplasia).
The antibody is specific to human pepsinogen I and has no crossreactivity to human pepsinogen II. Pepsinogen I is a group of precursor molecules for pepsin. These proteins are solely synthetized and secreted into gastric lumen by chief (pepsin) cells and mucous neck cells in the gastric corpus (oxyntic mucosa). In atrophic corpus gastritis these cells disappear resulting in a decrease of the serum level of pepsinogen I and in a reduction of the number of pepsinogen I positive cells in gastric biopsies. The presence of positive immunostaining for pepsinogen I is a highly reliable sign for the acid-secreting oxyntic glands. In gastric heterotopia of the duodenal bulb, but not in gastric metaplasia, the oxyntic-type glands give a positive immunohistochemical reaction for pepsinogen I.
The monoclonal antibody 13C4 recognizes the 1B subunit of Shiga-like toxin 1. Shiga-like toxins (SLTs), are also called Verotoxins. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains which are primarily of serotypes 0157:H7, 026:H11 and O111:H8 have been incriminated as etiologic agents of hemorrhagic colitis and Hemolytic-uremic syndrome, a generalized disease characterized by acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. There are several distinct E.coli SLTs. SLT-I and SLT-II are produced by EHEC. SLT-I and Shiga toxin share;99% deduced amino acid sequence homology, whereas SLT-I and SLT-II share about 60% deduced amino acid sequence homology. SLT-I and SLT-II are antigenically distinct. The protein structure of the toxin consists of two domains: the A polypeptide that inhibits protein synthesis by targeting ribosomes, and the B polypeptide pentamer that binds to the eukaryotic cell receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) leading to receptor-mediated endocytosis.
The monoclonal antibody JC4 is specific for Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 and the highly related Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2 (CNF1 and CNF2) of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. CNF1 and 2 belong to a family of bacterial toxins that target the small GTP-binding Rho proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Members of this toxin family typically inactivate Rho; however, CNF1 and the CNF2 activate Rho by deamidation. CNF1 is more frequently associated with E.coli strains that cause extraintestitinal infections in humans, particularly those of the urinary tract (such as cystitis, pyelonephritis and prostatitis). In CNF1-producing uropathogenic E. coli strains, CNF1 is chromosomally encoded and typically resides on a pathogenicity island that also contains hemolysin and P fimbria- related genes. Both CNF1 and the highly related, plasmid-encoded CNF2 are monomeric, cytoplasmic toxins of approximately 115 kDa. CNF1 can be structurally organized into three functional domains the N-terminal binding domain, central and the C-terminal domain. The latter exhibits the catalytic activity of the toxin. Monoclonal antibody JC4 recognizes an epitope between amino acids 169 to 191 of the N-terminal binding domain. JC4 neutralizes only CNF1.
The monoclonal antibody NG8 is specific for Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. CNF1 and CNF2 belong to a family of bacterial toxins that target the small GTP-binding Rho proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Members of this toxin family typically inactivate Rho; however, CNF1 and the highly related CNF2 activate Rho by deamidation. CNF1 is more frequently associated with E.coli strains that cause extraintestitinal infections in humans, particularly those of the urinary tract (such as cystitis, pyelonephritis and prostatitis). In CNF1-producing uropathogenic E. coli strains, CNF1 is chromosomally encoded and typically resides on a pathogenicity island that also contains hemolysin and P fimbria- related genes. Both CNF1 and the highly related, plasmid-encoded CNF2 are monomeric, cytoplasmic toxins of approximately 115 kDa. CNF1 can be structurally organized into three functional domains the N-terminal, central and the C-terminal domain. The latter exhibits the catalytic activity of the toxin. Monoclonal antibody NG8 recognizes an epitope between amino acids 704 and 730 of the C-terminal enzymatic domain. NG8 specifically neutralizes CNF1 while lacking activity for CNF2.
The bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is insensitive to antimicrobial host defense peptides such as defensins, protegrins, platelet microbicidal proteins and bacteriocins. Staphylococci have developed various resistance mechanisms including those specific for bacteriocins and several host defense peptides. A protein belonging to the resistance mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus is known as CHIPS (Chemotaxis Inhibiting Protein of Staphylococcus aureus). CHIPS is a protein produced by Staphylococcus aureus that inhibits chemotaxis of neutrophils by blocking the Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR) and C5a Receptor on neutrophils. CHIPS and antibodies against CHIPS can be useful for various experimental infection models of Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore these reagents can be of help in studies on the role of FPR and C5a in inflammatory processes. Monoclonal antibody JCC1 reacts with the C-terminus of CHIPS.
Monoclonal antibody a-bC-lobe, anti bovine Lactoferrin (Lf) is highly specific for bovine Lactoferrin. This protein is a member of the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins found in milk and other secretory fluids and also in blood. It shows multifunctional properties of which the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects are the best known. The molecule is constructed with a N-terminal half molecule (N-lobe) and a C-terminal half molecule (C-lobe), each of which is composed of two domains. The biologically important functions have been found mainly in the N-lobe. The lactoferrin determinants responsible for binding to Ca2+-dependent receptor on hepatocytes are present within the C-lobe. The monoclonal antibody a-bC-lobe shows strong reactivities with both native and denatured forms of bovine lactoferrin and C-lobe. The 'WNIPMGL' sequence (467-473 of bovine lactoferrin) is the antigenic determinant or epitopic site of the anti C-lobe antibody a-bC-lobe. The antibody shows weak reactivity with human lactoferrin and korean goat lactoferrin, slight cross reactivity is seen with bovine transferrin, whereas no cross reactivity is seen with human transferrin and chicken ovotransferrin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
a-bC-lobe
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shimazaki; K et al. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 443: 41
References 2:
Nam, S et al Comp Biochem Physiol part B 1999, 123: 201
References 3:
Nam; S et al. Food and Agricultural Immunology 2002; 14: 139
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a virus that manifests itself in two common viral infections. There are actually two types of herpes simplex virus, HSV1 and HSV2. These are very similar in many ways, and both can cause either oral herpes or genital herpes. HSV1 - most commonly develops into oral herpes infecting the lips (fever blisters or cold sores). HSV1 can also infect the genital area causing sores to develop. HSV2 - generally infects the genital area (genital herpes); however, HSV2 can also infect the mouth.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
T303
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Herpes simplex Vvrus (HSV) is a virus that manifests itself in two common viral infections. There are actually two types of herpes simplex virus, HSV1 and HSV2. These are very similar in many ways, and both can cause either oral herpes or genital herpes. HSV1 - most commonly develops into oral herpes infecting the lips (fever blisters or cold sores). HSV1 can also infect the genital area causing sores to develop. HSV2 - generally infects the genital area (genital herpes); however, HSV2 can also infect the mouth.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
T96
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a virus that manifests itself in two common viral infections. There are actually two types of herpes simplex virus, HSV1 and HSV2. These are very similar in many ways, and both can cause either oral herpes or genital herpes. HSV1 - most commonly develops into oral herpes infecting the lips (fever blisters or cold sores). HSV1 can also infect the genital area causing sores to develop. HSV2 - generally infects the genital area (genital herpes); however, HSV2 can also infect the mouth.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
T111
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Monoclonal antibody clone 5F12.1.2, anti bovine Lactoferricin B is highly specific for bovine Lactoferricin B. This peptide is derived by enzymatic cleavage of lactoferrin which is a member of the transferrin family of metal-binding proteins found in milk and other secretory fluids and also in blood. Cleavage by pepsin of bovine lactoferrin leads to the release of Lactoferricin B (aminoacid 17-41). This peptide is highly basic, possessing five Arg (R) and three Lys (K) residues. In addition, a number of Trp (W) and Phe (F) aromatic residues are present. The two Cys (C) residues from lactoferricin B form a disulfide bond, generating an almost completely cyclical peptide. Nevertheless, the disulfide bond is not required for the antimicrobial potency. Several studies have shown that Lactoferricin B has a broad-spectrum activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition the peptide has been shown to have antifungal, antiviral and antitumour activity and to bind lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxin). Moreover, it is known to stimulate the adaptive immune response and has anti-inflammatory properties. Lactoferricin B belongs to a large group of cationic antimicrobial peptides. The monoclonal antibody 5F12.1.2 is specific for bovine Lactoferricin B and detects the QWR antigenic determinant specific for bovine Lactoferricin B (3kDa), it lacks reactivity with bovine lactoferrin C-lobe, human lactoferrin or lactoferricin H. The QWR sequence recognized by the antibody 5F12.1.2 is not present in lactoferrin in human, pig, mouse, goat, rabbit, horse, rat, cockroach and African clawed frog.
Monoclonal antibody 3D12 reacts with rat class B scavenger receptor type I (SR-BI). Scavenger receptors have been studied primarily for their ability to bind and internalize modified lipoproteins. They have been found in the development of atherosclerosis and other macrophage-associated functions. Scavenger receptors also function as pattern recognition receptors for a wide variety of pathogens. This finding indicates a potential role in host defense. SR-BI belongs together with CD36 to the class B scavenger receptor family. SR-BI is a multiligand membrane protein existing in various organs such as the liver and various cell types such as endothelial cells, macrophages, brain cells, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. SR-BI has been found as a receptor for phospholipids, free and (lipo)protein-bound ApoE, lipid-bound ApoA-I, HDL, hypochlorite-modified LDL and more. In liver, the PDZK-1 (and possible other PDZ domains) of SR-BI has been found to be essential for cell surface expression and, hence, reverse cholesterol transport. In the brain, the presence of SR-BI seems to be involved in the uptake of oxidatively modified lipoproteins and beta-amyloid protein complexed with ApoE, suggesting SR-BI to be an important tool for studies on neurodegenerative disorders. In the testis, SR-BI is expressed in two somatic cell types: Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. SR-BI functions at least partly as a phosphatidyl serine receptor (PSR), enabling Sertoli cells to recognize and phagocytose apoptotic spermatogenic cells at all stages of differentiation. Monoclonal antibody 3D12 blocks the biological activity of rat SR-BI. For example, it inhibits the ability of SR-BI to mediate the corporation of lipids of HDL by SR-BI expressing cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3D12
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakagawa; A et al. Develop Growth Differ 2004; 46: 283
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is widely distributed in a number of mammalian tissues and is suggested to play an important role in various kinds of biological processes. DPP IV (CD26) is a serine-type protease that removes the amino-terminal dipeptide from peptide substrate provided that the penultimate amino acid residue is proline or alanine. DPP IV plays an important role in the reclamation of peptide nitrogen from larger peptides. The monoclonal antibody 5E8 reacts with DPP IV present on the apical surface of epithelial cells in the pancreas, small intestine, colon, and bile duct. Furthermore antibody 5E8 reacts with DPP IV on the laminar portions of the proximal renal tubule cells, and, weakly, on the glomeruli.
The asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor is a transmembrane hepatocellular surface carbohydrate binding glycoproteins lacking terminal sialic acid residues (asialoglycoproteins). Characterization of the ASGP receptor- revealed its functional role in the binding, internalization and transport of a wide range of glycoproteins, which have exposed galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues, via the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). The ASGP receptor can bind a variety of important plasma proteins including transport proteins (i.e. transferrin), enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, immunoglobulins including IgA, apoptotic hepatocytes, fibronectin and platelets. Additionally, the expression of the ASGP receptor has been clinically correlated to the level of hepatic function that is lost during liver diseases related to cancer, viral hepatitis, and cirrhosis. The ASGP receptor consists of major and minor subunits, which in the rat were identified as rat hepatic lectin (RHL) 1 and RHL 2/3, with molecular weights of respectively 42, 49 and 54 kDa. The selective binding (calcium and pH depended) and uptake of terminal galactosyl bearing proteins requires the formation of hetero-oligomers between these major and minor forms. The total ASGP receptor population consisted of two functionally distinct receptor populations, designated State 1 and State 2, which were involved in the endocytosis and intracellular processing of ligands by different pathways. The monoclonal antibody 8D7 recognizes a subunit-specific epitope on RHL-1 of rat ASGPR. The monoclonal antibody 8D7 is cross reactive with human ASGPR.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8D7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mizuno; M et al. Gastroenterol Japan 1986; 21: 238
The monoclonal antibody B2C10 reacts with galectin-3, a 30 kDa protein. Galectin-3 is a member of the galectin family. The protein is composed of three domains: a small amino-terminal domain, a carboxyl-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and amino-terminal domain containing repeating elements. Galectin-3 is normally distributed in epithelia of many organs and various inflammatory cells, including macrophages, as well as dendritic cells and Kupffer cells. The expression of this lectin is up-regulated during inflammation, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and through trans-activation by viral proteins. The expression is also affected by neoplastic transformation: up-regulated in certain types of lymphomas and thyroid carcinoma, while down-regulated in other types of malignancies, such as colon, breast, ovarian and uterine carcinomas.</br> Galectin-3 has been shown to function through both intracellular and extracellular actions. Related to its intracellular functions, galectin-3 has been identified as a component of heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein (hnRNP), a factor in pre-mRNA splicing, and has been found to control cell cycle and prevent T cell apoptosis. On the other hand, this protein has also been demonstrated to function as extracellular molecule in activating various types of cells, including monocytes/macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Galectin-3 has been shown to mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions.</br> The monoclonal antibody B2C10 inhibits the binding of 125I-labeled galectin-3 to IgE coated on microtiter plates, the galecin-3âs hemagglutination activity and galectin-3-induced superoxide production by human neutrophils. This inhibitory activity of B2C10 is probably the result of its disruption of the self-association process.</br> The epitope of the monoclonal antibody B2C10 is found within the first 45 amino acids of galectin-3. The antibody B2C10 does not react with Galecin-3C and is cross reactive with mouse galectin-3.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily, is an important protein in the regulation of fibrinolysis. PAI-1 is unique among the serpins because of its functional and conformational flexibility. PAI-1 is the most important physiological inhibitor of both tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u- PA). Increased PAI-1 levels are associated with thrombotic events and is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The active conformation PAI-1 inhibits its target proteinases by the formation of a stable, inactive complex. Although PAI-1 is synthesized as an active molecule, it converts spontaneously to an inactive, latent form that can be partially reactivated by denaturing agents. In addition, a third conformation reacting as a non-inhibitory substrate towards various target proteinases has been identified.<br /> The epitope of monoclonal antibody MA-33H1F7 is predominantly composed of three residues (Lys154/Glu130/Arg131), positioned virtually linearly in the three-dimensional structure. The epitope of the antibody does not cover the complete alpha-helix F and turn connecting alpha-helix F and beta-strand s3A, but is restricted to the hinge region between alpha-helix F and the main part of the PAI-1 molecule.<br /> The monoclonal antibody MA-33H1F7 is a âswitchingâ antibody, capable of inducing a non-inhibitory substrate form of PAI-1. It was shown to inhibit PAI-1 in a dose dependent manner.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MA-33H1F7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Debrock; S et al. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1337: 257
The monoclonal antibody 265-3K1 recognizes human leukocyte elastase. Leukocyte elastase, a major serine proteinase in man, is predominantly present in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and monocytes. Elastase has a broad range of extracellular matrix substrates including elastin, proteoglycans, collagen and fibronectin. The action of elastase is controlled by serine proteinase inhibitors. Elastase, when released during inflammation, is rapidly bound by its two main inhibitors, alpha1-PI and alpha2-macroglobuline to form elastase-inhibitor complexes. In addition mucosa secretions may contain the locally secreted elastase inhibitors elafin/SKALP and SLPI. When secreted at sites of inflammation elastase can cause severe tissue damage. An important role has been suggested for human elastase in various inflammatory disorders, including pulmonary emphysema, sepsis, arthritis, nephritis and certain skin diseases. Elastase induces the production of IL-8 in human bronchial epithelial, a proces that occurs in part through TLR4.
The monoclonal antibody 265-1K1 reacts with human lactoferrin (LF), an 80 kDa glycoprotein. Lactoferrin was first isolated from human milk and plays an important part in the immune system and helps to fight infections. Lactoferrin promotes the health of the gastro-intestinal system by improving the intestinal microbial balance. In addition, LF can be found in epithelia and most body fluids and secretions. Lactoferrin is secreted in plasma by neutrophils. Its plasma concentration also represents a positive relation to the total pool of neutrophils and the rate of neutrophil turnover. In inflammation lactoferrin is released from secondary granules of neutrophilic leukocytes into the extracellular medium. Therefore the extracellular lactoferrin concentration can be used as an index for neutrophil activation. Lactoferrin strongly binds to iron and this iron binding property is considered to be an important antimicrobial. Human lactoferrin binds to bacterial products through its highly positively charged N-terminus, it kills various bacteria, most probably by inducing intracellular changes in these bacteria without affecting the membrane permeability. Cleavage by pepsin of lactoferrin leads to the release of lactoferricin H. This 47 amino acid peptide has more antimicrobial activity than its precursor and it can inhibit the classical but not the alternative complement pathway. Lactoferrin also plays a role in signal transduction, immunomodulation and has antiadhesive, anticancer, antiviral activity.
G4E4 recognizes an epitope within the 74-182 C-terminal sequence (11kD peptide fragment) of human serum Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 1 (CRBP 1), a single-chain glycoprotein belonging to the superfamily of hydrophobic molecule transporter proteins, which is responsible for transport of retinol (vitamin A1) from the liver to peripheral target tissues, like the eye, where it mediates the cellular uptake. CRBP 1 is synthesized by hepatic parenchymal cells where it becomes bound to its ligand retinol and is then released into the circulation, where it binds further to the protein transthyretin, to form a transporting complex, which is big enough not to be lost by filtration through the kidney glomeruli. It is detected in nearly all tissues with higher expression in adult ovary, pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and fetal liver.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G4E4
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reddy B. et al. Biochem. Int. 21: 367-376 (1990)
References 2:
Reddy B. et al. Molec. Immunol. 29: 511-516 (1992)
References 3:
Reddy B. et al. Molec. Immunol. 30: 1355-1360 (1993)
Monoclonal antibody PR3G-2 reacts with human proteinase 3 (PR3), a 30 kDa protein. PR3 is a major antigen recognized by autoantibodies directed against cytoplasmic proteins of neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes (called anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA)). ANCA are able to activate primed neutrophils to produce oxygen radicals and release lytic enzymes, including PR3. Proteinase 3 (PR3) was identified as the target antigen of ANCA in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). ANCA directed against PR3 (PR3-ANCA) can interfere with the binding of PR3 to its physiological inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) and with the proteolytic activity of PR3. At the site of inflammation, PR3 can cleave the PR3-ANCA complex between these inhibiting ANCA and PR3 itself, leaving active PR3. Autoantibodies to PR3 are potent activators of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in primed human neutrophils. Extracellular free arachidonic acid, as present at an inflammatory focus, synergizes with such autoantibodies to evoke full-blown lipid mediator generation, granule secretion and respiratory burst. Proteinase 3 (PR3) is a neutral serine proteinase, which is localized in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and in granules of monocytes and can be detected in the membrane of secretory vesicles. PR3 degrades a number of extracellular matrix proteins such as elastin and inactivates human C1 inhibitor. Membrane-associated PR3 is also able to activate caspase-3 without triggering apoptosis of neutrophils, which is possibly a neutrophil survival mechanism. In addition, PR3 is involved in myeloid differentiation and is, therefore, also called myeloblastin. The monoclonal antibody PR3G-2 was produced by immunization of mice with a crude granule extract.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PRG-2
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Geld van der; Y et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 118: 487
Human C9 is a soluble glycoprotein of 61 kD. It is the last component in the assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC). When the complement is activated on target membranes, multiple copies of C9 bind to the C5b-8 complex and assemble the barrel-shaped pore which causes cell lysis. The conformation of C9 changes from globular to a tubular form. The binding of C9 to C5b-8 plays a key role in the function of C9.
The monoclonal antibody M177 recognizes CD46, also designated membrane cofactor protein (MCP). CD46 is a 45-70 kDa protein with genetic and tissue-specific heterogeneity. It is expressed on every cell and tissue, with the exception of erythrocytes. CD46 serves to inhibit complement activation on host tissue. It performs this function by serving as a cofactor which binds to C3b and C4b. This binding is permitted by factor I, a serine protease of plasma, to degrade C3b and C4b and serves to protect the host cell against autologous attack. It also serves as a receptor for measles virus.<br /> Four isoforms of CD46 predominate and arise by alternative splicing of a single CD46 gene. CD46 cDNA encodes a signal sequence followed by four complement control protein domains (also called short consensus repeats (SCR)). The monoclonal antibody M177 reacts with the SCR2 domain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M177
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Seya; T et al. J Immunol 1990; 145: 238
References 2:
Iwata, K et al J Biol Chem 1995, 270: 15148
References 3:
Kurita-Taniguchi; M et al. J Immunol 2000; 165: 5143
References 4:
Kurita-Taniguchi M et al. Mol Immunol 2001; 38: 689
Mannose Binding Lectin (MBL) also called mannose- or mannan-binding protein (MBP) is a member of the group of collectins. MBL is an oligomeric lectin that recognizes carbohydrates as mannose and N-acetylglucosamine on pathogens. MBL contains a cysteine rich, a collagen like and a carbohydrate recognition domain. It forms a complex with C1r/C1s like serine proteases designated MASPs that proteolytically cleave C4, C2 and C3. MBL is able to activate the complement pathway independent of the classical and alternative complement activation pathways. The MBL-MASP pathway (better known as the lectin pathway) is antibody and C1q-independent. MBL exhibits complement-dependent antibacterial activity and acts directly as an opsonic and therefore plays an important role in innate immunity. MBL is synthesized by hepatocytes and has been isolated from the liver or serum of various vertebrate species.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3,00E+07
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matsushita; M et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 183: 645
The monoclonal antibody 55 recognizes lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA, a glycerol phosphate surface polymer, is a component of the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria. LTA is anchored via its glycolipids to the membrane and carries a polysaccharide chain extending into the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall. LTA is released spontaneously into the culture medium during growth of gram-positive bacteria. LTA functions as an immune activator with characteristics very similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. LTA binds to CD14 and triggers activation predominantly via Toll-like receptor 2. Although LTA is internalized and traffics to the Golgi, the cellular activation in response to LTA occurs at the cell surface.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
55
Concentration:
> 200 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hogg;S et al. journal of systematic bacteriology 1997; 47:62
References 2:
Langevelde, P et al Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998, 42: 3073
References 3:
Langevelde; P et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43: 2984
References 4:
Triantafilou M et al. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 40882
The monoclonal antibody 45 reacts with Polymyxin B. The antibody binds to free Polymyxin B as well as to Polymyxin B already bound to LPS. The peptide antibiotic Polymyxin B (PMB) binds to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). The interaction of PMB with LPS involves ionic forces between amino groups in PMB and negatively charged phosphate and carboxyl groups in the lipid A-Kdo region. PMB has relevance for endotoxin research in at least two ways: first, PMB reacts with LPS of many species regardless of varied serospecificity, and thus it can be used as a general probe for measuring or detecting LPS or lipid A. Second, binding of PMB to LPS may result in neutralization of the detrimental effects of LPS either in vitro or in vivo. Monoclonal antibody 45 enables the possibilities to study quantitatively the interaction of PMB and LPS.
UACA (Uveal Autoantigen with Coiled-coil domains and Ankyrin repeats) is a 1,416 amino acid nuclear membrane protein. It was originally identified as an autoantigen in patients with panuveitis, a characteristic of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, and in patients with Graves' disease. UACA was also later identified as Nucling, a mRNA differentially expressed in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells, and that is up-regulated during cardiac muscle differentiation. UACA appears to function as a pro-apoptotic protein that recruits the apaf-1- pro-caspase-9 complex for the induction of apoptosis to mediate the cell-death pathway.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1,kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AE-5
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yamada, K., et al. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 280: 1169-1176 (2001)
RAb-50 reacts with SAD-Vnukovo and Pitman-Moore strains of rabies virus. It shows conformation dependent specificity for the viral envelope glycoprotein. In immunofluorescence test, SAD-Vnukovo strain is recognized by the antibody, while in Western blot, both strains are recognized by the antibody. In ELISA only SAD-Vnukovo strain is recognized. RAb-50 can neutralize the CVS strain of rabies virus.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RAB-50
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Macikova, I. et al, Acta virol. 36: 541-550 (1992)
References 2:
Sajjanar B, et al, Neuropeptides. 57: 59-64 (2016)
References 3:
Chen Li, et al, Acta Pharmacol Sin. 32(3): 329337 (2011)
The monoclonal antibody 4H5 reacts specifically with full length human natural and recombinant Bactericidal Permeability Increasing protein (BPI). The antimicrobial protein BPI is a 55 kDa protein found in the primary (azurophilic) granules of human neutrophils and has also been detected on surface of neutrophils, small intestinal and oral epithelial cells. BPI is a bactericidal compound that is present in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and in lower levels in the specific granules of eosinophils. BPI possesses high affinity toward the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that comprise the outer leaflet of the gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. Binding of BPI to the lipid A moiety of LPS exerts multiple anti-infective activities against gram-negative bacteria: 1) cytotoxicity via sequential damage to bacterial outer and inner lipid membranes, 2) neutralization of gram-negative bacterial LPS, 3) opsonization of bacteria to enhance phagocytosis by neutrophils. Airway epithelial cells constitutively express the BPI gene and produce the BPI protein and, therefore, BPI may be a critical determinant in the development of LPS-triggered airways disease. Inflammation induced by LPS possibly contributes to the development of rapid airflow decline, a serious and often fatal complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Furthermore, a 21 kDa bioactive recombinant fragment of BPI, rBPI21, was shown to confer a survival advantage against invasive pneumococcal disease by binding to the gram-positive bacterial pathogen, pneumolysin. The monoclonal antibody 4H5 recognizes only free BPI and does not interact with BPI that has formed a complex with LPS.
The monoclonal antibody ER-MP20 specifically reacts with mouse macrophage precursor cells in the mid-stage of their development (late CFU-M, monoblasts and monocytes). The antigen is a 14 kD surface protein which is very similar to Ly-6C and may be analogous to human CD59. It is inducible by IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma. In tissue sections, the antigen is found on macrophage precursor subpopulations. In the bone marrow and hemopoietic islands of the lymphoid organs, and in the spleen. Activated macrophages in inflammatory tissues also express the ER-MP20-related antigen. The monoclonal antibody ER-MP20 has been raised after immunization of rats with mouse macrophage cell lines and reacts with mouse macrophage precursor cells. The monoclonal antibody also identifies activated macrophages in inflammatory tissues where the simultaneous use of the murine pan-macrophage marker BM8 (anti-F4/80) is recommended. In combination with an anti-mouse CD31/PECAM-1 antibody, ER-MP20 can be used to evaluate the cellular composition in murine bone marrow (e.g. using flow cytometric analysis). ER-MP20 also detects a wide range of endothelial cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ER-MP20
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De Bruijn; M et al. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 2279
References 2:
De Bruijn, M et al J Immunol Methods 1998, 217: 27
The monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 specifically reacts with the macrophage galactose-specific lectin (MGL), a 38 kDa single chain surface glycoprotein. MGL is found on murine mature macrophages in the connective tissue neighboring epithelia of e.g. salivary glands, capsule of lymph nodes, thymus and various other organs. MGL is present on the surface of connective tissue macrophages and their precursor cells in bone marrow. Also, MGL is expressed in macrophage cell lines (e.g. J774-1.6, RAW309Cr.1 and WR19M.1). Expression levels of MGL are increased in mature macrophages. The antigen is co expressed with the antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody BM8 (HM1066).<br> The monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 has been raised after immunization of rats with mouse macrophage cell lines. Blocking studies demonstrated that the monoclonal antibody ER-MP23 is able to block mouse MGL.
The monoclonal antibody ER-TR9 recognizes murine SIGN-related 1 (SIGN-R1). Mouse SIGN-R1,- a homolog of human DC-SIGN, is a 37 kDa type II transmembrane protein containing a single, C-terminal C-type lectin domain. SIGN-R1 is a specific marker for the identification of macrophage subpopulations present in the marginal zone of spleen (the so-called marginal zone macrophages (MZM)), in the lymph node medulla, and in the peritoneal cavity of some mouse strains. ER-TR9 does not react with macrophages in other regions of the spleen, such as CD169+ marginal metallophils and F4/80+ red pulp macrophages. In the spleen, the MZM function in trapping and clearance of blood-borne microbial antigens. SIGN-R1 mediates the uptake of encapsulated microbes , particularly through the recognition of microbial polysaccharides. Uptake of FITC-labeled dextran by macrophages can be blocked both in vivo and in vitro by the monoclonal antibody ER-TR9. Therefore, the monoclonal antibody ER-TR9 can be used to study the uptake of polysaccharides by macrophages.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ER-TR9
Concentration:
200 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
Sterile cell culture medium with 0.02% sodium azide
The monoclonal antibody M330-19 reacts highly specific with mouse natural and recombinant LBP. The antibody is a type I antibody blocking the LPS binding to LBP. LPS binding protein (LBP) is an approximately 60 kDa acute phase protein that is produced by hepatocytes. This protein strongly binds to LPS and has been shown to play an important role in the handling of LPS by the host. A number of functions of LBP have been reported. First, LBP transfers LPS to the LPS receptor CD14 on mononuclear phagocytes, leading to an 100-1,000-fold increased sensitivity of the cells to LPS. Furthermore, LBP can enhance the response of CD14 negative cells by acceleration of LPS binding to soluble CD14, a complex that stimulates these cells. Next, LBP transfers LPS into High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), which effectively neutralizes its biological potency. LBP was demonstrated to protect mice from septic shock caused by LPS or gram negative bacteria.
SFL23.6 is directed against an erythroid cell surface antigen, which is not glycophorin A. It shows a well-defined reactivity with cells of the erythroid lineage at all stages of maturation in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and fetal liver. Non-erythroid lineages are negative by flow cytometry. SFL23.6 is positive on erythroleukemias and can be used to distinguish bone marrow nucleated erythroid precursors from malignant cells in bone marrow specimens
PAb 122 binds to the C-terminus (aa370-378) of both wild type and mutated p53. When microinjected into nuclei, PAb 122 blocked re-entry into the S-phase of the cell cycle. Mutation and/or allelic loss of p53 is one of the causes of a variety of mesenchymal and epithelial tumors. p53 Localizes in the nucleus, but is detectable at the plasma membrane during mitosis and when certain mutations modulate cytoplasmic/nuclear distribution.
WA-1 reacts with human and other mammalian p21, a tumor suppressor protein, belonging to the CDI family. The intracellular protein p21 is a 21 kDa protein, also known as wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1). It is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and of proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). It is induced by wild type p53, but not by mutated p53, by mezerein (anti-leukemic compound) and by interferon-ß. Normal cells generally display a rather intense nuclear p21 expression. Loss of p21 expression has been reported in many carcinomas (gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
WA-1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kovaric, J. et al, Int. J. Oncol. 9(suppl.), 835 (1996)
Monoclonal antibody EP-3 recognizes an antigen associated with the cytoplasm of human macrophages resident in the thymus and other lymphoid tissues. Monoclonal antibody EP-3 produces a strong cytoplasmic staining pattern of cortical thymic macrophages in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues specimens. It may therefore be used as a marker of this cell type and of tumors derived from the macrophage.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP-3
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleming MG, et al, J Cutan Pathol. 17(2): 77-81 (1990)
LN-5 reacts with human macrophages and displays lymph node germinal center and mantle zone B cell reactivity. It reacts with interdigitating reticulum cells, with tingible body and sinus histiocytes. It further reacts with certain tumor cells and also with normal nonlymphoid tissue like chief cells of the stomach and spermatogonia. LN-5 is negative on Hodgkins disease and non-Hodgkins lymphomas.
Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1), also known as p34Cdc2 (cell division control protein kinase 2) depends on cyclin A and B and is triggered by a positive feedback loop at the end of G2 phase, which is the key event that initiates mitotic entry. Destruction of cyclin B during metaphase results in inactivation of Cdk1, allowing mitotic exit and cell division. Cdk1 also contributes to the control of DNA replication. Cdk1 can be ihibited by several transcriptional targets of p53, such as p21WAF.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
POH-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
1108-1 Recognizes a 55-50 kDa polypeptide associated with the early antigen of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). p55 Has beenshown to be a phosphoprotein and p55-50 has strong DNA-binding activity preferentially to single-stranded DNA. Epstein-Barr virus is the causitive agent of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with two human neoplasms, Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Several EBV-related antigens associated with early or late functions of the viral genome have been identified. The early antigen may be virally or chemically induced in EBV infected cells and is the first detectable marker of EBV infection in human cells.
The monoclonal antibody 6D4 recognizes human C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (IP-10), a protein of 98 amino acids. IP-10, also known as CXCL10, functions as ligand for the CXCR3 receptor. IP-10 belongs to the ?-chemokine (C-X-C) family, which can be divided in two subfamilies: (1) potent chemoattractants for neutrophils, like IL-8 and (2) potent chemoattractants for lymphocytes, like the IFNÉ£ inducible protein (IP)-10. IP-10 is produced by a wide variety of cell types ranging from neutrophils, dendritic cells and monocytes to hepatocytes, endothelial cells and keratinocytes. The cytokine is reported to be involved in a scala of inflammatory pathologies such as HIV, encephalitis, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, chronic hepatitis, psoriasis and acute anterior uveitis. Various observations strongly suggest a role for the C-X-C chemokines IL-8 and IP-10 in the regulation of angiogenic activity in cancer and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore IP-10 is associated with acute rejection processes estimated by the predictive properties of urinary IP-10 expression for the short- and long-term graft function after kidney transplantation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6D4
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hamamdzic; D Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 280: L18
References 2:
Giustizieri, M et al Am J Path 2002, 161: 1409
References 3:
Bendriss-Vermare; N et al. J of Leukoc Biol 2005; 78: 954
The monoclonal antibody ECE.2 recognizes mouse monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The murine JE gene encodes the monocyte-specific cytokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP- 1). MCP-1 is a CC chemokine of 76 amino acids (~11 kDa) and is chemotactic for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils and eosinophils. MCP-1 is expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC), macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor ?. MCP-1 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory processes, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, nephritis, and parasitic and viral infections. MCP-1 antigen is not detected in the endothelium or SMC of normal arteries. MCP-1 has also been shown to exhibit biological activities other than chemotaxis. It can induce the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) MCP-1 signals via the CCR2 receptor, and is critical for aneurysm formation because of its stability to recruit leukocytes. These leukocytes produce extracellular matrix-degrading MMPs, thereby inductin aortic remodelling and dilatation. Interleukin-6 is also involved in this amplification loop accelerating vascular inflammation. MCP-/- mice display significantly delayed wound re-epithelialization, and also delayed wound angiogenesis.
The monoclonal antibody ECE.2 recognizes mouse monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The murine JE gene encodes the monocyte-specific cytokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP- 1). MCP-1 is a CC chemokine of 76 amino acids (~11 kDa) and is chemotactic for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils and eosinophils. MCP-1 is expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC), macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor ?. MCP-1 has been implicated in a variety of inflammatory processes, including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, nephritis, and parasitic and viral infections. MCP-1 antigen is not detected in the endothelium or SMC of normal arteries. MCP-1 has also been shown to exhibit biological activities other than chemotaxis. It can induce the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer) MCP-1 signals via the CCR2 receptor, and is critical for aneurysm formation because of its stability to recruit leukocytes. These leukocytes produce extracellular matrix-degrading MMPs, thereby inductin aortic remodelling and dilatation. Interleukin-6 is also involved in this amplification loop accelerating vascular inflammation. MCP-/- mice display significantly delayed wound re-epithelialization, and also delayed wound angiogenesis.
Monoclonal antibody MNA.1 (formerly known as 5D3-F7) recognizes human natural and recombinant monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a 11 kDa protein belonging to the CC subgroup of the chemokine superfamily, which stimulate the migration of monocytic cells. In contrast, the CXC chemokines predominantly activate polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The coordinated synthesis and release of MCP-1 plays a central role in both acute and chronic inflammatory processes by controlling the influx of phagocytic cells. Furthermore, their state of activation is in concert with primary inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, TNF-a, and IL-6. A selective accumulation of MCP-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus encephalitis, but not with other opportunistic infections or primary lymphomas of the central nervous system , has been described. Furthermore, the chemotactic activity of MCP-1 on monocytic cells has been suggested to play a role in psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. No cross-reactivity of mAb MNA.1 with other cytokines has been detected.
The antibody reacts with the 33 kD human serine protease granzyme B. It does not react with human granzyme A. It is used as a marker for NK-cells and activated cytotoxic T-cells (CTL). This protease is localized in cytoplasmic granules and gives a granular staining pattern. Granzyme B is involved in target cell apoptosis during lymphocyte mediated cyto-toxicity. Exocytosis of granzyme containing granules in the cytoplasm of the target cell will lead to induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis of the target cell.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GrB-7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Format:
Protein G purified
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kummer, J.A et al. J. Immunol. Methods 1993; 163: 77
References 2:
Kummer, J.A et al.Clin. Exp. Immunol. 1995;100: 164
References 3:
de Bruin, P.C. et al. Blood 1994; 84: 3785-3791
References 4:
Oudejans, J.J et al.Am. J. Pathology 1996; 148: 233-240
Marker for lymphoma diagnosis. MB2 reacts with all B-cells. Further positive reaction with epithelia and endothelium was observed. MB2 recognizes neuraminidase-resistant cytoplasmic 28 kDa antigen, expressed strongly on B-cells and weakly on mature T-cells; no reaction with immature T-cells; negative staining with plasmacytomas. Positive control: tonsil.
This antibody stains macrophages and histocytic cells in a wide variety of normal and diseased tissue. Dendritic cells, myeloid cells and glia cells do not react with this monoclonal antibody. Monocytes stain weakly with 3A5, also after external activation.
Ep-Cam (also called ESA, EGP40, 17-1A antigen, KSA, GA7333-2) is a 40kD epithelial protein expressed on baso-lateral cell surfaces in very many epithelial tissues (but absent from mesothelial tissues). The extracellular domain has a cysteine-rich repeat and a small domain with homology to nidogen. It is a homophyllic cell-cell adhesion molecule, recently called Ep-CAM (Litvinov et al., 1994). It reacts with most epithelial cells and carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VU-1D9
Concentration:
250 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 15 mM sodium azide, pH 7.4
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsubura et al. J Cutan Pathol 1992; 19: 73
References 2:
Herlyn et al. Hybridoma suppl 1986; 5: S3-S8
References 3:
Szala et al. Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci 1990; 87: 3542-3546
A BALB/c mouse was immunized subcutaneously in its footpads with fragments of a human tonsil. After fusing the lymphocytes from the popliteal lymph nodes of this mouse with murine SP2/0 myeloma cells, the antibody producing cells were selected on their immunohistochemical staining pattern. Later on the antibody was biochemically analysed and revealed to recognize the CD21 molecule (140kD) by immunoprecipitation procedures. This antibody reacts with the CD21 (140kD) molecule, expressed (moderate) on mature B-cells and (at high density) on follicular dendritic cells (FDC).
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BP53-12
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is closely related in structure to the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a member of a large family of cell surface growth factor receptors. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is reported to be detectable in a proportion of breast and other adenocarcinomas as well as transitional cell carcinomas. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is present in a wide variety of cell types in a range of normal human fetal and adult tissues, including breast, stomach and ovary. CB11 detects the internal domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein.
The monoclonal antibody BV9 binds to the extracellular domain (EC3-EC4) of human VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin). Endothelial cells control the passage of plasma constituents and circulating cells from blood to the underlying tissues. VE-cadherin is of vital importance for the maintenance and control of endothelial cell contacts. Mechanisms that regulate VE-cadherinmediated adhesion are important for the control of vascular permeability and leukocyte extravasation. VE-cadherin regulates various cellular processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis and modulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor functions. Therefore, VE-cadherin is also essential during embryonic angiogenesis. The specialized function of VE-cadherin is lost or impaired in several pathological conditions - including inflammation, sepsis, ischemia and diabetes - which leads to severe, and sometimes fatal, organ dysfunction. Furthermore, abnormal increase in vascular permeability is often observed in pathological conditions, such as tumor-induced angiogenesis, macular degeneration, allergy, and brain stroke.<br /> Endothelial permeability is regulated in part by the dynamic opening and closure of cell-cell adherent junctions. In vascular endothelium, adherent junctions are mainly composed of VE-cadherin, an adhesive receptor that is able to self-associate at endothelial cellcell contacts. VE-cadherin links endothelial cells together by homophilic interactions mediated by its extracellular part and associates intracellularly with the actin cytoskeleton via catenins. VE-cadherin belongs to the cadherin super-family of cellcell adhesion molecules, which are encoded by more than 200 genes in the human genome. Classical cadherins are Ca2+-dependent, homophilic, cell to cell adhesion molecules expressed in nearly all cells within solid tissues. Cadherins form a core adhesion complex that consists of a cadherin dimer, binding through its extracellular region to another dimer of cadherins expressed in adjacent cells, while its intracellular region is anchored to the plasma membrane and linked to the cytoskeleton. The VE-cadherin extracellular domain consists of five cadherin-type repeats, called EC (extracellular cadherin) domains that are bound together by calcium ions in a rod-like structure.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D1f3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Navarro; P et al. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 30965
References 2:
Martin-Padura, I et al J path 1995, 175: 51
References 3:
Breviario; F et al. Arterioscler Thromb 1995; 15: 1229-
This antibody is reactive with lung cancer associated antigens and has been studied and categorized in different clusters of reactivity patterns during the First International Workshop on Small Cell Lung Cancer Antigens held in London in April 1987. MOC-31 reacts with most epithelia, and, in lung cancer, all lung carcinomas. The membrane-associated proteins detected by MOC-31 appear to have an apparent molecular weight of 35-40 kD. Specificity: Epithelial specific Antigen/Ep-CAM - epithelial glycoprotein 2, EGP-2
Melanoma associated antigen (MAA) is dispersed in the cytoplasma of melanoma cells, and is more concentrated inside vacuoles and sometimes on the melanosomes. Occasionally the antigen is seen on the cell surface. The antigen is actively shed from living cells. Although the antigen is associated with melanomas, it is not codistributed with the tyrosinase activity associated with melagonesis. The antigen shows codistribution with cathepsin D, which is a marker for lysosomal functions. The antibody NKI/beteb recognizes a (pre)melanosomal 100 kD and 7 kD antigen (glycoprotein). The antibody reacts with melanomas, clear cells sarcomas (melanoma of soft tissue), nevocellular nevi, and normal melanocytes. Except for one case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which macrophages were positive, no reactions with other tumors or tissues have been observed.
This antibody recognizes a molecular complex consisting of two bands with MW of 150 kD and 90 kD respectively (reduced 4 subunits 120 kD, 95 kD, 29 kD and 25 kD). The antibody reacts strongly with melanoma cells derived from cell lines and short term cultures and melanoma cells in frozen tissue sections. The antigen detected by this antibody is found to be associated with the adhesion, spreading and motility of human cultured melanoma cells. Cross reactions: The antibody reacts with a proportion of naevi and with endothelial cells of small vessels.
This antibody recognizes a high molecular weight proteoglycan with a molecular weight of > 450 kD (chondroitin sulfate) and 250 kD (core protein). The antibody reacts strongly with melanoma cells derived from cell lines and short term cultures and reacts preferentially with melanoma cells in frozen tissue sections. The antibody can also be used to detect melanoma lesions in vivo. Crossreactivity: The antibody reacts with most naevi and perineurium, and shows weak reactivity with hair follicles.
This antibody recognizes a heterogeneous 25-110 kD glycoprotein that is located mainly in the inner side of membranes of cytoplasmic vesicles in melanoma cells. The antigen has a 25 kD unglycosylated precursor in formalin fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Cross reactivity: The antibody reacts with some mucus producing tumors, carcinoids, carcinomas of the thyroid, mast cells, histiocytes in tumor regions and with cells with secretory functions such as salivary glands, bronchial glands, sweat glands, pancreas and prostate. The antibody should be used on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections, it is not advisable to use the antibody on frozen sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NKI/C3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
50 mM PBS at pH 7.4 with 1% BSA and 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
MacKie, R.M., et al., J. Clin. Pathol. 37, 367 (1984)
References 2:
van Duinen, S.G., et al., Cancer 53, 1566 (1984)
References 3:
Vennegoor, C., et al., Int. J. Cancer 35, 287 (1985)
References 4:
Palmer, A.A., et al., Pathology 17, 335 (1985)
References 5:
Hagen, E.C., et al., Histopathology 10, 689 (1986)
This antibody stains a minority of primary melanomas and half of the metastatic lesions tested. It rarely stains dysplastic naevi or common cellular naevi using standard immunohistochemical conditions. The antibody recognizes two protein bands in immunoblotting with a molecular weight of 95-100 kD.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-M2
Concentration:
10 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ruiter DJ et al., (1985) J Invest Dermatol 85, 4-8
Antibody PAL-M1 stains the majority of primary melanomas and the large majority of metastases and is directed against the transferrin receptor (CD71). Local staining of dysplastic nevocellular nevi may be observed. Common nevocellular nevi rarely stain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-M1
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ruiter DJ et al., (1985) J Invest Dermatol 85, 4-8
References 2:
Muijen G van et al. (1990) J Invest Dermatol 95, 65-69
CD4 is a 55 kD glycoprotein expressed on the surface of T-helper/regulatory T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Anti-CD4 is used in the immune phenotyping of lymphoproliferative disorders. The majority of peripheral T-cell lymphomas are derived from the T-helper/regulatory cell subset so that most mature T-cell neoplasms are CD4+ CD8-. As with other T-cell antigens, CD4 may be aberrantly expressed in neoplastic T-cells so that the evaluation of such tumors requires the application of a panel of markers in order to identify tumors with CD4 aberrant expression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1F6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong AS-Y, et al. Greenwich Medical Media Ltd. 2003
References 2:
Akiyama T, et al. Pathol Int. 2008; 58:626-34
References 3:
Garcia-Herrera A, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26:3364-71
This antibody recognizes an epitope located in the amino acid residue 410-419 of human oncogene product c-myc. This antibody reacts with both components of the p62 and p64 c-myc.
p40 is a relatively unknown antibody that recognizes ?Np63-a p63 isoform suggested to be highly specific for squamous/basal cells. In a recent study, p40 is equivalent to p63 in sensitivity for squamous cell carcinoma, but it is markedly superior to p63 in specificity1, which eliminates a potential pitfall of misinterpreting a p63-positive adenocarcinoma or unsuspected lymphoma as squamous cell carcinoma. These findings strongly support the routine use of p40 in place of p63 for the diagnosis of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. Postive control Prostate
This antibody reacts with a subset of B-lymphocytes localized in the follicular mantle zone. It reacts with 97% of hairy cell leukemia cases. This antibody shows strong positive staining of about 35% of cases of high grade B cell lymphomas. Positive control Tonsil.
This antibody is specific to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CA 15-3, or polymorphic epithelial mucin. This antibody stains an underglycosylated MUC1 often present on carcinoma cells.
T-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 1A (TCL1) is a member of theTCL1 family and enhances the phosphorylation and activation ofAKT1, AKT2 and AKT3. TCL1promotes the nuclear translocation ofAKT1 and enhances cell proliferation, stabilizes mitochondrial membrane potential and promotes cell survival. The expression of TCL1 is restricted to lymphoid cells. It is expressed early in lymphocyte differentiation. Strong expression ofTCL1 is found in a subset of mantle zone B lymphocytes and is expressed to a lesser extent by follicle center cells. In B cell neoplasia, TCL1 immunoreactivity is found in the majority of B cell lymphomas including lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (60%), and primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma (55%). The expression of theTCL1genecharacterizes low-grade B cell lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP105
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Laine J, et al. Mol Cell2000, 6:395-407
References 2:
Pekarsky Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2000, 97:3028-3033
References 3:
Narducci MG, et al. Cancer Res, 2000, 60:2095-2100
Human CD6 antigen purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from HBP-ALL cells followed by preparative SDS-PAGE of non-boiled non-reduced sample (excised piece of gel corresponding to the 100 kDa zone).
CD6, also known as T12, is a member of the scavenger receptor superfamily found on T and B cell subsets, thymocytes, and acute lymphocytic leukemia cells (ALL). CD6 interacts with its ligand CD166/ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule) and serves as a coreceptor for T cell activation and stabilizer of the immunological synapse. CD6-ALCAM mediated cell adhesion is also important for T cell proliferation. CD6 may exert some its functions via association with CD5, probably by fine-tuning CD5 signaling. Ligation of CD6 has antiapoptotic role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-98
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Mouse anti Influenza A Nucleoprotein antibody, clone AA5H recognizes an epitope within Influenza virus A nucleoprotein. Mouse anti Influenza A Nucleoprotein antibody, clone AA5H can be used in influenza A IFA typing in conjunction with MCA401 (clone GA2B).
This monoclonal antibody recognizes a cell surface structure of about 80 kD expressed by rat tumour cells of epithelial origin. MG1 is a rat strain-independent markers for tumour cells of epithelial origin, such as colon, breast, or lung cancer, etc. When injected in colon tumour-bearing rats, MG1 localizes to tumour cells (Hagenaars et al., 2001).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MG1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000;18:189-196
References 2:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001;18:281-289
v CC52 is a rat strain-independent marker for tumour cells of epithelial origin, such as colon, breast, or lung cancer, etc. When injected in colon tumour-bearing rats, CC52 localized to tumour cells (Hagenaars et al., 2001). The monoclonal antibody binds to a dimer of two proteins, 120 kD and 130 kD, expressed by rat tumour cells of epithelial origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CC52
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000;18:189-196
References 2:
Hagenaars M et al. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001;18:281-289
The antibody is directed against the P1 fragment of laminin. They are species-independent as it has been shown that they bind to laminin of rat, mouse and humans. MEC5 is an auto-antibody derived from DZB rats that had developed membranous glomerulopathy upon exposure to mercuric chloride
This bispecific antibody was generated by fusion of the R73-producinghybridoma with the CC52-producing hybridoma (Beun et al., 1993).Quadroma clones producing functional bispecific antibodies were selectedby testing the ability of the quadroma products to induce T cells to lyse theappropriate tumor cells.
ANK61 reactivity is rat strain-independent. The antigen recognized by ANK61 is highly expressed on freshly isolated and cultured rat NK cells. The antibodies also bind to rat ?ß-TCR T cells and at a low level to rat B cells. Binding to other cell types is unknown. Triggering of the antigen by ANK61 antibodies activates the lytic machinery of rat NK cells, but not of T cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ANK61
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Giezeman-Smits KM et al. Immunobiol 1997;197:429-443
The antigen recognized by ANK44 is highly expressed on rat NK cells after IL-2-activation. The antigen is not expressed by unstimulated NK cells. ANK44 also binds to rat ??-TCR T cells. It does not bind to ?ß-TCR T cells or to B cells. The ANK44 monoclonal antibody is rat strain-independent.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ANK44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Culture supernatant with 0.05% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Giezeman-Smits KM et al. J Leukoc Biol 1998;63:209-215
The R73-2b monoclonal antibody binds to an epitope of the constant region of the rat ?ß-T cell receptor and is able to activate rat T cells (Beun et al., 1993). The reactivity of R73-2b monoclonal antibody is rat strain-independent. R73-coated culture flasks induce rat T cell proliferation (Beun et al., 1993). This monoclonal antibody is an IgG2b isotype switch variant (Beun et al., 1993) of the well-known R73 IgG1 monoclonal antibody that is specific for the rat ?ß-T cell receptor (Hünig et al. 1989).
This is a rat strain-independent antibody to CD45. This monoclonal antibody recognizes a common epitope of rat CD45, present on all rat leucocytes. The ANK74 monoclonal antibody was generated by immunizing mice with IL-2-activated cultured NK cells of Wag rats.
The antibody binds to human TIMP-2. Reactivity in other species has not been determined, but the 11-mer peptide used for the immunization shows a 100% match with rat, mouse, and rabbit TIMP-2. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with TIMP-1 and did not cross-react.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human TIMP-1. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The 11-mer peptide used for the immunization differs on at least 3 amino acids with the sequence of TIMP-1 of rat, mouse, and rabbit. Therefore it is not expected to be effective in these species as well. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with TIMP-2 and did not cross-react.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-9. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The 12-mer peptide used for the immunization differs on 4 or 5 amino acids with the sequence of MMP-9 of rat, mouse, and rabbit. Therefore it is not expected to be effective in these species as well. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3 and did not cross-react.
The antibody binds to human MMP-3. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and did not cross-react.
9-13M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1/MUC5AC), and more specifically with the d epitope amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. 9-13M1 and 2-11M1 react exclusively with epitopes located in the the Nterminal cysteine-rich part of the peptide core MUC5AC. MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Anti-MUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and pre-cancerous changes vs. normal pancreas
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9-13M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Cancer Res.46: 3983-3989 (1986)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 4:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
References 5:
Guyonnet Duperat V. et al., Biochem. J. 305: 211 219 (1995)
58M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1 (now: MUC5AC), and more specifically with the e epitope amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Anti-MUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and pre-cancerous changes vs. normal pancreas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
58M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Cancer Res.46: 3983-3989 (1986)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 4:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
References 5:
Guyonnet Duperat V. et al., Biochem. J. 305: 211 219 (1995)
45M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1 (now: MUC5AC), and more specifically with the h epitope amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. 45M1 and 2-12M1 both specifically react with epitopes located in the C-terminal cysteine rich part of the peptide core of MUC5AC. MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Anti-MUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and pre-cancerous changes vs. normal pancreas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
45M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
2-12M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1/MUC5AC, and more specifically with the c epitope amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. 2-12M1 and 45M1 both specifically react with epitopes located in the Cterminal cysteine rich part of the peptide core of gastric mucin (MUC5AC). MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. AntiMUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and pre-cancerous changes vs. normal pancreas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2-12M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Cancer Res.46: 3983-3989 (1986)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 4:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
References 5:
Guyonnet Duperat V. et al., Biochem. J. 305: 211 219 (1995)
2-11M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1/MUC5AC, and more specifically with the b epitope amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. 2-11M1 and 9-13M1 react exclusively with epitopes located in the N-terminal cysteine-rich part of the peptide core MUC5AC. MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Anti-MUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and pre-cancerous changes vs. normal pancreas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2-11M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Cancer Res.46: 3983-3989 (1986)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 4:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
References 5:
Guyonnet Duperat V. et al., Biochem. J. 305: 211 219 (1995)
1-13M1 recognizes the peptide core of gastric mucin M1/MUC5AC), and more specifically with the a epitope, which is the most abundant amongst the a, b, c, d, e, f, and h protein core epitopes defined by Bara for M1. MUC5AC is present in primary ovarian mucinous cancer and gastric cancer, but usually absent in colorectal adenocarcinoma, thus showing an expression pattern opposite to MUC2. Anti-MUC5AC may be useful for differential identification of primary mucinous ovarian tumors from colon adenocarcinoma metastatic to the ovary. MUC5AC antibodies may also be useful for identification pancreatic carcinoma and precancerous changes vs. normal pancreas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1-13M1
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara, J. et al., Cancer Res.46: 3983-3989 (1986)
References 2:
Bara, J. et al., Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Bara, J. et al., Int. J. Cancer 47: 304-310 (1991)
References 4:
Bara, J. et al., J. Immunol. Methods 149: 105-113 (1992)
References 5:
Guyonnet Duperat V. et al., Biochem. J. 305: 211 219 (1995)
EBS-C-002 reacts with NuMA or Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus protein, which at the onset of mitosis redistributes from the nucleus to two centrosomal structures at the poles of the mitotic spindle, where it plays a vital role in establishing and maintaining its bipolar structure. After anaphase the protein redistributes from the spindle polar region into the reforming nucleus and concentrates initially at the site where nuclear lamins and perichomatin have been reported to assemble. In contrast to mitotic cells, post-mitotic neurons display NuMA both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Due to release from dead cells, NuMA is also used as oncological marker in serum and urine. In addition, chromosomal translocation of this gene with the RARA (retinoic acid receptor, alpha) gene on chromosome 17 has been detected in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
VU-2G7 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU2G7 includes the PDTR motif, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. Binding of VU-2G7 is significantly enhanced when the threonine of the PDTR motif bears a GalNAc
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2G7
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ryuko, K. et al. Tumor Biol. 21(4): 197-210 (2000)
References 2:
Karsten, U. et al. Cancer. Res. 58(12): 2541-2549 (1998)
VU-13F11 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU-13F11 has not yet been determined but is located in the VNTR domain of MUC1 (confirmed by ELISA).
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VU-13F11
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Schol D. et al, Tumor Biol. 19(Suppl 1): 35-45 (1998)
VU-12E1 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU-12- E1 is PDTRPAP, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. Binding of VU-12E1 is enhanced after glycosylation of the DTR motif
VU-11E2 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU11E2 is TSAPDTRP, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. Binding of VU-11E2 is enhanced after glycosylation of the DTR motif
VU-11D1 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU11D1 is TSAPDTRP, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. Binding of VU-11D1 is enhanced after glycosylation of the DTR motif.
VU-4H5 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU-4H5 is PDTR, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. In tissue sections, VU-4H5 also displays prominent staining of the cytoplasm.
VU-3D1 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU3D1 is SAPDTRPA, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1.
VU-3C6 reacts with the protein core of MUC1, an apical cell side epithelial marker which is upregulated or switched on in the majority of carcinomas. The dominant epitope of VU-3- C6 is GVTSAPDTRPAP, located in the VNTR domain of MUC1. Binding of VU-3C6 is enhanced after glycosylation of the DTR motif.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-2. Reactivity in other species has not been determined, but the 13-mer peptide used for the immunization shows a 100% match with rabbit MMP-2, and differs on only 1 amino acid with rat and mouse MMP-2. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and showed mild cross-reactivity with MMP-3.
This monoclonal antibody binds to human MMP-1. Reactivity in other species has not been determined. The antibody was tested for cross-reactivity with MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and did not cross-react.
NHERF1 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1), also known as EBP50 (ezrin, radixin, moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50) is an adaptor protein, which associates with beta-catenin and is required for its localization at the cell-cell junctions, interacts with various G protein-coupled receptors and regulates their traffic, as well as sodium-hydrogen exchange and sodium-dependent phosphate transport. NHERF1/EBP50 inhibits cell motility and is required to suppress anchorage-independent growth. It contains C-terminal ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin)-binding region and two N-terminal PDZ (postsynaptic-density-95/disc-large/ZO1 homology) domains and is able to form head-to-tail intramolecular conformation to regulate its interactions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EBP-10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
Clusterin (APO J, SGP-2, TRPM-2, SP-40, pADHC-9, CLJ, T64, GP III, XIP8) is a 75-80 kD disulfide-linked heterodimeric protein containing about 30% of N-linked carbohydrate rich in sialic acid but truncated forms targeted to the nucleus have also been identified. It is a conserved secreted glycoprotein expressed by a wide range of tissues and being implicated in many physiological processes, including e.g. lipid transportation, complement inhibition, tissue remodeling, membrane recycling, or clearence of cellular debris. It is nearly ubiqitously expressed in most mammalian tissues and can be found in plasma, milk, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and semen. Clusterin is able to bind and form complexes with numerous partners (immunoglobulins, lipids, heparin, bacteria, complement components, paraoxonase, beta amyloid, leptin etc.) and is expressed in many pathological and clinically relevant situations including cancer, organ regeneration, infection, Alzheimer disease, retinitis pigmentosa, myocardial infarction, renal tubular damage, autoimmunity and others. A genuine function of clusterin is still enigmatic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Hs-3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Lyn is a Src-family protein tyrosine kinase that is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells. It is associated with a number of cell surface receptors including the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and Fc receptors. Upon their triggering, Lyn phosphorylates subunits of these receptors in a cholesterol-dependent manner, utilizing the plasma membrane lipid raft system. The phosphorylated intracellular domains of the receptors are accessible for cytoplasmic Syk tyrosine kinase, which is activated by Lyn-mediated phosphorylation and which transduces the signal to downstream adaptors. Lyn is abnormally distributed in acute myeloid leukemia cells and seems to be a novel pharmacologic target of this disease.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LYN-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Fyn is a ubiquitously expressed Src-family protein tyrosine kinase with important roles e.g. in immune and nervous system. It regulates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor functions, thus affecting various brain functions, and even many of its other substrates are important for neural migration, synaptic plasticity, oligodendrocyte differentiation, and axon growth and guidance. In immune system Fyn namely regulates the commitment of T cells to activation, is important in T cell anergy induction, promotes mast cell chemotaxis and reorganization of cytoskeleton and participates in mast cell activation. Fyn is also involved in embryonic stem cell growth and differentiation, associates with tubulin and may play roles in mitotic spindle formation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
FYN-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
AE-2 recognizes double stranded DNA expressed in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Dilution advice: Flow cytometry (1-2 µg/million cells in 0,1 ml, fix cells in 4% PFA for 10 min, at 4°C, permeabilize with 0,2% saponin or digitonin for 15 min, at 4°C). ? Immunofluorescence (1-2 µg/ml). ? Immunohistology (1-2 µg/ml for 30 min at RT; staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires incubating tissue sections in 4N HCl, for 30 minutes).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AE-2
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Epstein, AL et al. In Progress on nonhistone protein research. 1: 117-137 (1987)
SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3), also known as CIS3 (cytokine-inducible SH2 protein 3) is a negative regulator of particular cytokine signaling pathways. SOCS3 is induced by a variety of cytokines and other stimuli, such as erythropoietin, leptin and lipopolysaccharides and inhibits tyrosinkinase activity of JAK kinases, or e.g. JNK phosphorylation. SOCS3 modulates cytokine-mediated and neoplastic-proliferative responses and is involved also in maintaining leukocytes in quiescent state until antigen stimulation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SO1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The monoclonal antibody K5A6 recognizes human liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) of both natural and recombinant origin. The L-FABP protein is derived from the human FABP1 gene. FABPs are small intracellular proteins (~13-14 kDa) with a high degree of tissue specificity that bind long chain fatty acids. They are abundantly present in various cell types and play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids, transport and metabolism. There are at least nine distinct types of FABP, each showing a specific pattern of tissue expression. Due to its small size, FABP leaks rapidly out of ischemically damaged necrotic cells leading to a rise in serum levels. Ischemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. L-FABP is localized in the liver, kidney and intestinal epithelium. The monoclonal antibody K5A6 is useful to detect ischemic areas of human liver.
The monoclonal antibody L2B10 recognizes human liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) of both natural and recombinant origin. The L-FABP protein is derived from the human FABP1 gene. FABPs are small intracellular proteins (~13-14 kDa) with a high degree of tissue specificity that bind long chain fatty acids. They are abundantly present in various cell types and play an important role in the intracellular utilization of fatty acids, transport and metabolism. There are at least nine distinct types of FABP, each showing a specific pattern of tissue expression. Due to its small size, FABP leaks rapidly out of ischemically damaged necrotic cells leading to a rise in serum levels. Ischemically damaged tissues are characterized histologically by absence (or low presence) of FABP facilitating recognition of such areas. L-FABP is localized in the liver, kidney and intestinal epithelium. The monoclonal antibody L2B10 is useful to detect ischemic areas of human liver. Furthermore, the antibody can be used for the purification of human L-FABP.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
L2B10
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bax; D et al. Scand J Gastroenterology 2007; 42: 902
The monoclonal antibody 1G11B1 recognizes vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). VCAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion molecules, which includes ICAMs, PECAM-s and MADCAM, and is involved in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The immunoglobulin superfamily is a type I transmembrane protein characterized by extracellular immunoglobin domains, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. They are essential for the development of the embryo and for immune and inflammatory responses. These transmembrane glycoproteins mediate cell interaction with, and adhesion to, other cells and the extracellular matrix. VCAM-1 contains six immunoglobulin domains of the H-type and interacts with VLA-4 expressed on leukocytes. Multiple adhesion molecules play a role in leukocyte recruitment. The process of migration of a leukocyte through the vascular endothelium consists of the following steps: leukocyte-endothelium interaction (first tethering and rolling and than adhesion) and transendothelial migration. VCAM-1 is almost not expressed under physiological conditions. However, under appropriate pro-inflammatory conditions where the endothelium is exposed to inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-? or IL-1b and becomes activated, VCAM-1 gene expression is rapid elevated by the vascular endothelium. There is also a soluble form of VCAM-1 which is angiogenic and chemotactic for endothelial cells. sVCAM-1 is up-regulated in several disease states (eg, myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary antiphospholipid syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis).
ENA2 reacts with E-selectin CD62-E, previous designated the Endothelial Leucocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). The antibody reacts with human endothelial cells activated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 or endotoxin. The antibody was found to react also with cells transfected with the E-selectin gene. The antibody inhibits the adhesion of granulocytes both neutrophilic and eosinophilic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ENA2
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Eur J Immunol 1989; 19: 715
References 2:
Leeuwenberg, JFM et al Clin and Exp Immunol 1990, 81: 496
References 3:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Immunology 1990; 71: 301
References 4:
Leeuwenberg JFM et al. J Immunology 1990; 145: 2110
ENA1 reacts with E-selectin CD62-E, previous designated the Endothelial Leucocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). The antibody reacts with human endothelial cells activated with TNF-alpha, IL-1 or endotoxin. The antibody was found to react also with cells transfected with the E-selectin gene. The antibody inhibits the adhesion of granulocytes both neutrophilic and eosinophilic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ENA1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Eur J Immunol 1989; 19: 715
References 2:
Leeuwenberg, JFM et al Clin and Exp Immunol 1990, 81: 496
References 3:
Leeuwenberg; JFM et al. Immunology 1990; 71: 301
References 4:
Leeuwenberg JFM et al. J Immunology 1990; 145: 2110
The antibody binds to the 10 kD eosinophil Major Basic Protein (MBP) of both resting and activated eosinophils in cytospins and frozen sections of bronchial and skin biopsies of allergic sites and normal sites and thus can be used as a "pan-eosinophil" marker. The antibody BMK-13 stains in frozen sections of bronchial biopsies from atopic asthmatics, rhinitics and normal non-atopic subjects, substantially higher counts of positive cells when compared to EG1, EG2 and chromotrope 2R. BMK-13 cross-reacts weakly with human basophils, which also contain low level of this protein. It does not cross-react with any other human protein or cell.
This antibody stains all human blood vessels including brain microvessels. Both large and small vessels are equally reactive. The EN4 antigen is preserved in endothelial cells in culture unlike the PAL-E antigen which is lost. It stains strongly murine fibroblasts transfected with the human CD31 gene. On surface-iodinated Jurkat T cells it recognizes the 130 kD CD31 antigen. EN4 also binds to guinea-pig and cat endothelium, but not to rabbit, bovine, sheep, dog, rat or mice endothelial cells. No other structures in the skin, heart, kidney, tonsils or spleen are stained with this antibody.
The antibody only stains human and various animal blood vessels with exception of arteries. It does not stain rat, mouse and chicken endothelium. The antibody is useful for immunohistochemistry on acetone fixed frozen sections. Not useful on cellsuspensions and Western blotting.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PAL-E
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jones, R.R., et al., J. Clin. Path. 39, 742-749 (1986).
References 2:
Holden, C.A., et al., J. Immun. Meth. 91, 45-52 (1986).
References 3:
Schlingemann, R.O., et al., Laboratory Investigation 52, 71 (1987).
CD22 protein may be involved in the localization of B-cells in lymphoid tissues. CD22 is expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of B-cells. CD22 is especially useful in diagnostics of hairy cell leukemia and classification of the B-cell lymphomas.
Vimentin is the major subunit protein of the intermediate filaments of mesenchymal cells. It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. Vimentin has been implicated to be involved in the rate of steroid synthesis via its role as a storage network for steroidogenic cholesterol containing lipid droplets. Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. This results in cytoskeletal changes that facilitate the interaction of the lipid droplets within mitochondria, and subsequent transport of cholesterol to the organelles leading to an increase in steroid synthesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin is characteristic of sarcomas (of neural, muscle and fibroblast origin) compared to carcinomas which are generally negative. Melanomas, lymphomas and vascular tumors may all stain for Vimentin. Vimentin antibodies are thus of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms and malignant tumors. They are generally used with a panel of other antibodies including those recognising cytokeratins, lymphoid markers, S100, desmin and neurofilaments.
CD14 antigen is a GPI-linked glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 55kD. The CD14 antigen is expressed on cells of the myelomonocytic lineage including monocytes, macrophages and Langerhans cells. Low expression is observed on neutrophils and on human B cells. CD14 antigen is a receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). LBP and CD14 antigen serves two physiological roles. These proteins act as opsonin and opsonic receptor, respectively, to promote the phagocytic uptake of bacteria or LPScoated particles by macrophages.
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor which is activated by binding of either of the androgenic hormones testosterone or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. The androgen receptor is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the androgen receptor is as a DNA binding transcription factor which regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype.
AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma but not in benign prostatic tissue. It stains premalignant lesions of prostate: high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AMACR can be used as a positive marker for PIN. Defects in AMACR are the cause of congenital bile acid synthesis defect type 4 (CBAS4); also known as cholestasis, intrahepatic, with defective conversion of trihydroxycoprostanic acid to cholic acid or trihydroxycoprostanic acid in bile. Clinical features include neonatal jaundice, intrahepatic cholestasis, bile duct deficiency and absence of cholic acid from bile.
Cytokeratins are classified into one of two classes, type I (acidic polypeptides) and type II (basic polypeptides). Cytokeratins play a critical role in differentiation and tissue specialization and function to maintain the overall structural integrity of epithelial cells. Cytokeratins have been found to be useful markers of tissue differentiation which is directly applicable to the characterization of malignant carcinomas.
Ki67, also known as MKI67, is aprototypic cell cycle related nuclear protein, expressed by proliferating cells in all phases of the active cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and M phase). It is absent in resting (G0) cells. Ki67 antibodies are useful in establishing the cell growing fraction in neoplasms (immunohistochemically quantified by determining the number of Ki67 positive cells among the total number of resting cells = Ki67 index). In neoplastic tissues the prognostic value is comparable to the tritiated thymidine labelling index. The correlation between low Ki67 index and histologically low grade tumours is strong. Ki67 is routinely used as a neuronal marker of cell cycling and proliferation
ERBB2: v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian). This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene has been reported in numerous cancers, including breast and ovarian tumors. Alternative splicing results in several additional transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms and others that have not been fully characterized
Glucagon, is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. Finally, the fourth peptide is similar to glicentin, an active enteroglucagon. Glucagon is secreted in the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin and glicentin are secreted from enteroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract. GLP1 and GLP2 are also secreted in selected neurons in the brain.
E-Cadherin is a 120 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is localized in the adherens junctions of epithelial cells. There, it interacts with the cytoskeleton through the associated cytoplasmic catenin proteins. In addition to being a calcium-dependent adhesion molecule, E-Cadherin is also a critical regulator of epithelial junction formation. Its association with catenins is necessary for cell-cell adhesion. These E-cadherin/catenin complexes associate with corical actin bundles at both the zonula adherens and the lateral adhesion plaques. Tyrosine phosphorylation can disrupt these complexes, leading to changes in cell adhesion properties. E-Cadherin expression is often down-regulated in highly invasive, poorly differentiated carcinomas. Increased expression of E-Cadherin in these cells reduces invasiveness. Thus, loss of expression or function of E-Cadherin appears to be an important step in tumorigenic progression.Tissue specificity: Non-neural epithelial tissues.
Desmin (DES), with 470-amino acid protein (about 52kDa), belongs to the intermediate filament family and Desmin is class III intermediate filaments found in muscle cells. Homopolymers of Desmin form a stable intracytoplasmic filamentous network connecting myofibrils to each other and to the plasma membrane.Mutations in Desmin are associated with desmin-related myopathy, a familial cardiac and skeletal myopathy (CSM), and with distal myopathies.Desmin is also expressed in smooth muscle cells of both airways and alveolar ducts and Desmin is a load-bearing protein that stiffens the airways and consequently the lung and modulates airway contractile response.
Cytokeratin 19, also known as KRT19, CK19, CK19, K1CS, MGC15366. Entrez Protein NP_002267. It is a member of the keratin family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. The type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. Unlike its related family members, this smallest known acidic cytokeratin is not paired with a basic cytokeratin in epithelial cells. It is specifically expressed in the periderm, the transiently superficial layer that envelopes the developing epidermis.
Cytokeratin 18, also known as CK18, CYK18, KRT18. Entrez Protein NP_000215. It encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 18. Keratin 18, together with its filament partner keratin 8, are perhaps the most commonly found members of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
CK17, also known as KRT17, it is the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 17. It is found in nail beds, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and other epidermal appendages. Mutations in this gene lead to Jackson-Lawler type pachyonychia congenita and steatocystoma multiplex. May play a role in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation. Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state. Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway. Involved in tissue repair.
Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is a 40 kDa cell surface antigen and this protein is expressed in almost all epithelial cell membranes but not on mesodermal or neural cell membranes. EpCAM is a Type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein and it is expressed on the basolateral membrane of cells by the majority of epithelial tissues, with the exception of adult squamous epithelium and some specific epithelial cell types including hepatocytes and gastric epithelial cells. EpCAM expression has been reported to be a possible marker of early malignancy, with expression being increased in tumor cells, and de novo expression being seen in dysplastic squamous epithelium. This cell surface, glycosylated 40kD protein is highly expressed in the bone marrow, colon, lung, and most normal epithelial cells and is expressed on carcinomas of gastrointestinal origin.
CD10 is a 100kDa glycoprotein, also designated Common Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Antigen (CALLA). It is a cell surface enzyme with neutral metalloendopeptidase activity which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. CD10 is expressed on the cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular germinal center lymphomas, and on cells from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). It is also expressed on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. CD10 is also present on breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells.
Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 recognizes the human CD90 cell surface antigen, a ~25 kDa glycoprotein homologous to rat Thy1. The antigen is expressed by a subset of CD34+ve cells in the bone marrow and by prothymocytes within the thymus. CD90 is also expressed extensively within the brain.Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 is routinely tested in flow cytometry on the MOLT4 cell line.
Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 recognizes the human CD90 cell surface antigen, a ~25 kDa glycoprotein homologous to rat Thy1. The antigen is expressed by a subset of CD34+ve cells in the bone marrow and by prothymocytes within the thymus. CD90 is also expressed extensively within the brain.Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 is routinely tested in flow cytometry on the MOLT4 cell line.
Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 recognizes the human CD90 cell surface antigen, a ~25 kDa glycoprotein homologous to rat Thy1. The antigen is expressed by a subset of CD34+ve cells in the bone marrow and by prothymocytes within the thymus. CD90 is also expressed extensively within the brain.Mouse anti Human CD90 antibody, clone F15-42-1 is routinely tested in flow cytometry on the MOLT4 cell line.
Mouse anti Human CD200R antibody, clone OX108 recognizes human CD200R, a cell surface glycoprotein (also known as OX2R). In humans CD200R is expressed primarily by peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils but also by other leucocytes including T-lymphocytes and mast cells, CD200-CD200R interaction may be involved in the control of myeloid cellular function (Wright et al. 2003). Levels of expression on resting peripheral blood cells are relatively low.
Insulin is a protein consisting of an ?-chain of 21 amino acids and a ?-chain of 30 amino acids and produced in the ?-cells of the pancreas. 2D11-H5 is a specific insulin antibody as tested by ELISA and on human pancreatic tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2D11-H5
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De la Tour, D, et al, Mol. Endoc. 15: 476-483 (2001)
References 2:
Rajagopal, J, et al, Science 299: 363 (2003)
References 3:
Morisset, J, et al, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51: 1501-1513 (2003)
The alpha interferons are involved in virus resistance in target cells for these viruses. They are known to block cell proliferation and to regulate MHC class I antigen expression. The IFN? family has over 20 genes and pseudogenes in two families (I and II), one with a mature length of 166aa and one of 172aa. Cells producing IFN? are lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and cell lines such as Namalwa and KGI. Bioassays for IFN? include cytopathic effect blocking, by viruses such as VSV, SFV and BMCV, on their target cells. A number of receptors for IFN? are now known and seem to be expressed on most cell types. N39 is specific for human IFN?2 and does not cross react with human IFN?1. N39 is directed against immunodominant epitope site I (aa112-148).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1,kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
N39
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kontsek, P. et al., Mol Immunol. 29: 863-870 (1992)
References 2:
Kontsek, P. et al., Immunol. Lett. 35: 281-284 (1993)
Insulin is a protein consisting of an ?-chain of 21 amino acids and a ?-chain of 30 amino acids and produced in the ?-cells of the pancreas. E2-E3 is a specific insulin antibody as tested by ELISA and on human pancreatic tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E2-E3
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De la Tour, D, et al, Mol. Endoc. 15: 476-483 (2001)
References 2:
Rajagopal, J, et al, Science 299: 363 (2003)
References 3:
Morisset, J, et al, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51: 1501-1513 (2003)
The alpha interferons are involved in virus resistance in target cells for these viruses. They are known to block cell proliferation and to regulate MHC class I antigen expression. The IFN? family has over 20 genes and pseudogenes in two families (I and II), one with a mature length of 166aa and one of 172aa. Cells producing IFN? are lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and cell lines such as Namalwa and KGI. Bioassays for IFN? include cytopathic effect blocking, by viruses such as VSV, SFV and BMCV, on their target cells. A number of receptors for IFN? are now known and seem to be expressed on most cell types. 2-52 Is specific for human IFN?1 and does not cross react with human IFN?2.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Feb-52
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kontsek, P. et al., Mol Immunol. 29: 863-870 (1992)
The alpha interferons are involved in virus resistance in target cells for these viruses. They are known to block cell proliferation and to regulate MHC class I antigen expression. The IFN? family has over 20 genes and pseudogenes in two families (I and II), one with a mature length of 166aa and one of 172aa. Cells producing IFN? are lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and cell lines such as Namalwa and KGI. Bioassays for IFN? include cytopathic effect blocking, by viruses such as VSV, SFV and BMCV, on their target cells. A number of receptors for IFN? are now known and seem to be expressed on most cell types. 2-48 Is specific for human interferon ? 1 and does not cross react with human interferon ? 2.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Feb-48
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kontsek, P. et al., Mol Immunol. 29: 863-870 (1992)
The alpha interferons are involved in virus resistance in target cells for these viruses. They are known to block cell proliferation and to regulate MHC class I antigen expression. The IFN? family has over 20 genes and pseudogenes in two families (I and II), one with a mature length of 166aa and one of 172aa. Cells producing IFN? are lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages and cell lines such as Namalwa and KGI. Bioassays for IFN? include cytopathic effect blocking, by viruses such as VSV, SFV and BMCV, on their target cells. A number of receptors for IFN? are now known and seem to be expressed on most cell types. N27 is specific for human IFN?2 and does not cross react with human IFN?1. N27 reacts with linear peptide 43aa-53aa, placing the epitope outside the immunodominant regions I and II.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1,kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
N27
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kontsek, P. et al., Mol Immunol. 29: 863-870 (1992)
References 2:
Kontsek, P. et al., Immunol. Lett. 35: 281-284 (1993)
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1RII. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The IL-1RII is part of the antagonistic IL-1 mechanism. It is also known as decoy receptor and is a non signaling molecule which functions by capturing IL-1 and preventing it from interacting with the signalling IL-1RI. The decoy IL-1RII can after binding to IL-1 also recruit the IL-1 receptor accessory protein and thus inhibit by coreceptor competition. Further a soluble form of IL-1RII exists which is shed, a process in which matrix metalloproteases have been found to play a role, by various cells including monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, B cells and fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6G5
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mantovani; A et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840: 338
Mouse gamma light chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot) and exhibits no reactivity to mouse lambda light chain. No detectable reactivity with human IgG as tested by ELISA. Available in unconjugated MON5083, FITC conjugated MON5083F, HRP conjugated MON5063H and Biotin conjugated MON5063B.
Mouse gamma light chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot) and exhibits no reactivity to mouse lambda light chain. No detectable reactivity with human IgG as tested by ELISA. Available in unconjugated MON5083, FITC conjugated MON5083F, HRP conjugated MON5063H and Biotin conjugated MON5063B.
Monoclonal antibody binds both natural and recombinant human gamma Interferon. Cross reactivity with other cytokines has not been found. The antibody does not react with rodent interferons or with alpha or beta interferons.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F14
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Meide van der; PH et al. J Immunol Methods 1985; 79: 293
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1ra3. IL-1ra3 belongs to the IL-1 system which includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1 R I and IL-1 R II) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Three molecular isoforms of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) have been identified and cloned. Secreted IL-1ra (sIL-1ra or IL-1ra1) contains a classical leader peptide giving a released mature protein. Two intracellular isoforms, icIL-1ra type I (IL-1ra2) and icIL-1 ra type II (IL-1ra3), have no leader sequence, thus predicting that these proteins remain intracellular. IL-1ra3 may represent a reservoir of IL-1 inhibitors, released upon cell death, whose function is to limit the pro-inflammatory action of cell debris. Studies have shown that IL-1ra3 is expressed by various cell types upon exposure to inflammatory signals but most prominently by mononuclear phagocytes and keratinocytes.
The antibody reacts specificly with Human IL-1RII. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. The IL-1RII is part of the antagonistic IL-1 mechanism. It is also known as decoy receptor and is a non signaling molecule which functions by capturing IL-1 and preventing it from interacting with the signalling IL-1RI. The decoy IL-1RII can after binding to IL-1 also recruit the IL-1 receptor accessory protein and thus inhibit by coreceptor competition. Further a soluble form of IL-1RII exists which is shed, a process in which matrix metalloproteases have been found to play a role, by various cells including monocytes, polymorphonuclear cells, B cells and fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8.5
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mantovani; A et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840: 338
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D14e3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D1f3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Reg20
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The monoclonal antibody binds to soluble mouse interleukin-1 receptor type I. The IL-1 system includes two agonists (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta), converting enzymes, antagonists, two receptors (IL-1RI and IL-1RII) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein. Interleukin-1 signal is transduced through the type I receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Reg21
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kojouharoff; G et al. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107: 353
The antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the bacterial cell wall which is considered responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria) and TNFalpha nor does it bind to either human or rat IL-6. The antibody inhibits IL-6 induced proliferation of the B9 assay. IL-6 is a pluripotent 20-22 kDa cytokine which plays a role in the pathophysiology of severe infection and regulates the immune response, acute phase reaction and haematopoiesis. IL-6 plays a critical role in B-cell differentiation to plasma cells and is a potent growth factor for plasmacytoma and myeloma. Continuous IL-6 gene expression makes an essential contribution to a multistep oncogenesis of plasma cell neoplasia. IL-6 is a very useful culture supplement for the generation of a high number of antibody-producing hybridomas.
Monoclonal antibody F3 binds and neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse gamma Interferon. Its binding and neutralizing activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. F3 antibodies have been demonstrated to be able to inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These antibodies were furthermore shown to inhibit Shwartzman reactions and to protect NZB mice against spontaneous development of autoimmune disease. The antibody does not react with rat or human gamma interferon.
Monoclonal antibody F1 binds both natural and recombinant mouse gamma Interferon. Its binding activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. F1 antibodies have been demonstrated to be able to inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These antibodies were furthermore shown to inhibit Shwartzman reactions and to protect NZB mice against spontaneous development of autoimmune disease. The neutralizing activity of the antibody has been demonstrated as being poor in anti-viral assays. If a neutralizing antibody is specifically desired, we recommend the use of another antibody available from Hycult Biotech, namely F3 (prod. code HM1005) which recognizes a different epitope on the murine gamma Interferon molecule and in contrast to F1, exhibits strong neutralizing activity. The antibody does not react with rat or human gamma interferon
Mouse gamma 2a heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Useful in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic), immunohistochemistry on frozen sections and for affinity chromatog¬raphy of murine IgG1. Available unconjugated MON5068, HRP conjugated 5068H
Mouse gamma 2a heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Useful in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic), immunohistochemistry on frozen sections and for affinity chromatog¬raphy of murine IgG1. Available unconjugated MON5068, HRP conjugated 5068H
The monoclonal antibody F18 recognizes and neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse alpha Interferon (IFN-?). IFN-? is a cytokine that belongs to the type I interferons (IFN-I). IFN-? is secreted by many cell types including lymphocytes (NK cells, B-cells and T-cells), macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, microglia and others. Interferons stimulate both macrophages and NK cells to elicit an anti-viral response, and are also active against tumors. Although all cells can produce IFN-I, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce 1,000-fold higher levels than other cell types, and are responsible for systemic IFN-I responses to many viruses. They are coined as the natural IFN-producing cells. However, under deprived pDC condition, other dendritic cells are capable of producing high levels of IFN-I.<br /> Interferons were initially characterized for their ability to 'interfere' with viral replication, slow cell proliferation, and profoundly alter immunity. IFN-? has several regulatory roles and diverse biological activities, including control of cellular and humoral immune responses, inflammation, and tumor regression. In addition, IFN-? participates in the regulation of various cellular and humoral processes such as the endocrine system modulates behavior, brain activity, temperature, glucose sensitive neurons, feeding pattern and opiate activity.<br /> With the availability of monoclonal antibodies directed against IFN-?, it is possible to interpret results obtained from crude materials containing both IFN-? and IFNβ. The difficulties in studying in vitro and in vivo effects of 'type 1'. Interferons arise from the fact that both alpha and beta Interferons are produced in response to the same stimuli and also seem to act via the same receptor. These Interferon activities can only be distinguished from one another by use of specific neutralizing antibodies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F18
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dalod et al. J Exp Med 2002;195:517
References 2:
Diebold et al. Nature 2003;424:324
References 3:
Joshi et al. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2006;26:739
MAP2a and 2b (270 kDa) being found mostly in dendrites, stabilize microtubules (shift the reaction kinetics in addition of new subunits and microtubule growth) and participate in determining the structure of different parts of vertebrate nerve cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MT-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 7 * 108 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available in unconjugated MON5057, HRP conjugated MON5057P
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgM: 3.6 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5057, PE conjugated MON 5057P, Biotin conjugated MON 5057B, FITC conjugated MON5057F
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MM-9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 3 Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG3: 2 * 1010 M-1. Crossreactivity with: Horse (+), swine (++) and dog (+/-). Available in unconjugated MON5056, FITC conjugated MON5056F, HRP conjugated MON5056H, Biotin conjugated MON5056B.
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2b Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). positively tested on BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse sera. The specificity of every rat monoclonal antibody anti-mouse IgG subclasses is determined in a range of optimal concentrations. Increasing the first or the second antibody at an unnecessary too high concentration can induce possible cross-reactions with other mouse IgG subclasses. Avidity on IgG2b: 1 * 1010 M-1. No cross-reactivity with chicken, rabbit, goat, sheep, bovine, horse, dog, swine, baboon IgG and human IgG or IgM (ELISA test). Available unconjugated MON5055, FITC MON5055F, Biotin MON5055B, PE MON5055P
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse Gamma 2a Heavy Chain of Immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgG2a: 7 * 109 M-1. No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5054, HRP conjugated MON 5054P, Biotin conjugated MON 5054B
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse gamma 1 heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). No crossreactivity with other animals. Available as unconjugated MON5053, FITC conjugated MON 5053F, HRP conjugated Cat.no. MON 5053P, Biotin conjugated MON 5053B.
Antibody Isotype:
IgGk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MG1-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin, et al., J.Immunology Meth. 1984;71, 9-16
References 2:
Querinjean, et al.,. Eur.J.Biochem. 1972: 31:354-359
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse epsilon heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5051, FITC conjugated MON5051F, HRP conjugated MON5050P and Biotin conjugated MON5051B.
Mouse alpha heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgA: 2.9 * 109 M-1. Available as unconjugated MON5050, Biotin conjugated MON5050B, Peroxidase conjugated MON5050P.
Antibody Isotype:
IgMk
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LO-MA-7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide 50% glycerol
Storage:
-20°C
References 1:
Bazin et al. Pergamon Press Oxford and NY 1982; 29:615-618
Mouse alpha heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgA: 4.8 * 109 M-1. Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5050, HRP conjugated MON5050P, Biotin conjugated MON5050B
Mouse alpha heavy chain of immunoglobulin (determined by immunodot). Avidity on IgA: 4.8 * 109 M-1. Useful as second antibody in immunoassays, such as ELISA's (good binding on plastic) and immunohistochemistry on frozen sections. Available in unconjugated MON5050, HRP conjugated MON5050P, Biotin conjugated MON5050B
The monoclonal antibody 7C2 can be used during various purification steps of IgY. The yolk of eggs laid by immunized chickens has been recognized as an excellent source of polyclonal antibodies (pAb). Specific antibodies produced in chickens offer several important advantages over producing antibodies in other mammals. Because a single egg contains as much antibody as an average bleed from a rabbit, this simple, non-invasive approach presents an appealing alternative to conventional pAb production methods. Purification of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY), the 150 kDa IgG homolog, does not require animal bleeding. In addition, the eggs from immunized chickens provide a continual, daily source of pAb, and this convenient approach offers greater compatibility with animal protection regulations. Due to the phylogenetic distance between birds and mammals, there is greater potential of producing a higher percentage of specific antibody against mammalian antigens when using chickens. Highly conserved mammalian proteins sometimes fail to illicit a humoral response in animals, such as rabbits, that are traditionally used for generating pAb. Non-specific binding and need for cross-species immunoabsorptions is eliminated since chicken IgY does not cross-react with mammalian IgG and does not bind bacterial or mammalian Fc receptors. There are well defined structural differences of IgY-type immunoglobulins and the IgG of mammals. That includes the molar mass of the heavy chains of the immunoglobulins. The IgY-type immunoglobulins are much less flexible than IgG. Also, the structures of the Fc part of the immunoglobulin isotypes IgY and IgG are different. The antibody 7C2 is cross reactive for duck IgY.
The monoclonal antibody 7C2 can be used during various purification steps of IgY. The yolk of eggs laid by immunized chickens has been recognized as an excellent source of polyclonal antibodies (pAb). Specific antibodies produced in chickens offer several important advantages over producing antibodies in other mammals. Because a single egg contains as much antibody as an average bleed from a rabbit, this simple, non-invasive approach presents an appealing alternative to conventional pAb production methods. Purification of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY), the 150 kDa IgG homolog, does not require animal bleeding. In addition, the eggs from immunized chickens provide a continual, daily source of pAb, and this convenient approach offers greater compatibility with animal protection regulations. Due to the phylogenetic distance between birds and mammals, there is greater potential of producing a higher percentage of specific antibody against mammalian antigens when using chickens. Highly conserved mammalian proteins sometimes fail to illicit a humoral response in animals, such as rabbits, that are traditionally used for generating pAb. Non-specific binding and need for cross-species immunoabsorptions is eliminated since chicken IgY does not cross-react with mammalian IgG and does not bind bacterial or mammalian Fc receptors. There are well defined structural differences of IgY-type immunoglobulins and the IgG of mammals. That includes the molar mass of the heavy chains of the immunoglobulins. The IgY-type immunoglobulins are much less flexible than IgG. Also, the structures of the Fc part of the immunoglobulin isotypes IgY and IgG are different. The 7C2 antibody is cross reactive for duck
The antibody recognizes an epitope that is exposed by protein-biotin and nucleic acid-biotin conjugates. The antibody can be used in molecular biological tests and immunohistology. The antibody permits the formation of antibody-biotin-streptavidin-enzyme complexes thus enhancing the sensitivity of the detection system.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal plasma, and it binds e.g. copper, nickel, and bilirubin. Measuring of alpha-fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid can reveal severe fetal defects. In adults, elevated AFP concentrations in the plasma can indicate hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma. In some individuals, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein can be observed without any obvious pathology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AFP-11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal plasma, and it binds e.g. copper, nickel, and bilirubin. Measuring of alpha-fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid can reveal severe fetal defects. In adults, elevated AFP concentrations in the plasma can indicate hepatocellular carcinoma or teratoblastoma. In some individuals, hereditary persistance of alpha-fetoprotein can be observed without any obvious pathology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AFP-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Human serum albumin (65-67 kDa) is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma (produced in the liver). It has a serum half-life of approximately 20 days.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AL-01
Conjugate:
Biotin
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Human serum albumin (65-67 kDa) is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma (produced in the liver). It has a serum half-life of approximately 20 days.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AL-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
MON5023 reacts only with mature insulin and has no reactivity with the C-Peptide and insulin chains. Insulin and glucagon are pancreatic endocrine hormones secreted by islet cells within the pancreas. The stimulus for insulin secretion is a HIGH blood glucose. Deficiency of insulin results in diabetes mellitus, one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the general population.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
IN-05
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The antibody reacts with human native and recombinant IL-6 as assessed by ELISA. The antibody inhibits the biological activity of human native and recombinant IL-6 as determined with the B9 cell bioassay. The antibody cross reacts with rhesus and cynomolgus natural IL6.
From every molecule of proinsulin, one molecule of insulin plus one molecule of C-peptide are produced. C-peptide is released into the blood stream in equal amounts to insulin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-PEP-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the bacterial cell wall which is considered responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria) and TNFalpha nor does it block human or rat IL-6 in proliferation assays using the KD83 cell line. MP5-32C11 inhibits mouse IL-6-induced proliferation of the NFS60 myelomonocytic cell line and KD83 plasmacytoma. IL-6 is a pluripotent 20-22 kDa cytokine which plays a role in the pathophysiology of severe infection and regulates the immune response, acute phase reaction and haematopoiesis. IL-6 plays a critical role in Bcell differentiation to plasma cells and is a potent growth factor for plasmacytoma and myeloma. Continuous IL-6 gene expression makes an essential contribution to a multistep oncogenesis of plasma cell neoplasia. IL-6 is a very useful culture supplement for the generation of a high number of antibodyproducing hybridomas.
Transferrin is a monomeric glycoprotein of approximately 77 kDa, which serves as an iron-transporter. In normal plasma, transferrin has a concentration of 25-50 µmol / liter, and is usually about one-third saturated with iron, thus providing a large buffering capacity in case of an acute increase in plasma iron levels. Cells take up transferrin-iron complexes (holotransferrin) using transferrin receptor dimers. Upon binding of holotransferrin, the receptor is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with its receptor (CD71) and recycles to the cell surface, where apotransferrin is released upon exposure to normal pH. Internalization of labeled transferrin thus represents an usefull approach to study endocytosis. Serum concentration rises in iron deficiency and pregnancy and falls in iron overload, infection and inflammatory conditions. Iron/transferrin complex is essential in haemoglobin synthesis and for certain types of cell division.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HTF-14
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bartek J., et al., Immunol. Lett. 1982; 7: 231.
References 2:
Bartek, J., et al., Br. J. Haematol 1985; 59: 435-441.
References 3:
Nováková, M., et al., Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 1996;33(1):38-51
Mab MH25-1 reacts specifically with human IgE e-chains; De-1 epitope on Fc fragment. No cross reaction with other immunoglobulins. Positive control: Polypus nose
MH14-1 recognizes IgA heavy chains; epitope present on IgA<sub>1</sub> and IgA<sub>2</sub>. No cross reactivity with IgG or IgM (tested with ELISA).Suitable for lymphoma phenotyping. Recommended for positive control: Duodenum
The monoclonal antibody 52B83 reacts with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha is a homotrimeric 17 kDa protein, that interacts with either one of the two types of TNF-receptors, termed I and II, leading to receptor cross-linking and signal transduction. The receptors differ strongly in their intra-cellular signaling pathways.<br /> TNF-alpha was originally described as a highly cytotoxic cytokine for tumor cells, it causes tumor necrosis in vivo and shows cytolytic activity against tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore,- TNF-alpha is found to be a central mediator in many inflammatory and immunological processes. It can be induced by various products of micro-organisms and by various cytokines leading to expression of a wide variety of- cytokines. The pro-inflammatory properties of- TNF-alpha play a central role in several auto-immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inhibition by neutralizing molecules have been shown to be beneficial in patients.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
52B83
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bradding; P et al. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 10: 471
References 2:
Bradding, P et al: Clin Exp Allergy 1995, 25: 406
References 3:
Gerspach; J et al. Microsc Res Tech 2000; 50: 243
References 4:
Laan van der N et al. Arch Dermatol Res 2001; 293: 226
The antibody will stain lambda chain-containing human cells. In ELISA the antibody will react with free lambda chains and also with lambda chains attached to heavy chains. Membrane bound Ig containing lambda light chains will also be recognized as well as cytoplasmic Ig from bone marrow cells containing lambda chains. All cells reacting with conventional anti-lambda will also react with antibody. No crossreactivity with kappa chains detected.
The antibody reacts with free kappa chains, but not with kappa chains attached to heavy chains. No reaction is observed with Ig kappa on mem¬branes of lymphocytes. No crossreactivity with lambda chains. In Ouchterlony immunodiffusion no reaction with Bence Jones kappa is observed.
Daxx is an apoptosis-modulating death domain-associated protein with functions in transcriptional regulation. Daxx functions both in cytoplasm, where it interacts with Fas, and in nucleus (residing in PML oncogenic domains), where it is involved in SUMO-dependent regulation of transcription and subnuclear compartmentalization. Daxx senzitizes the cells to apoptosis, but on the other hand, this protein may also serve in preventing apoptosis in the early embryo. Even regarding the transcription, Daxx can serve both as a corepressor and a coactivator. During ischemic stress, Daxx translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where in regulates sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DAXX-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Mouse anti Giardia lamblia antibody, clone 6231 recognizes Giardia lamblia, a flagellated protozoan parasite which infects the small intestines of humans and a variety of other mammalian hosts. Infection by G. lamblia results in giardiasis; a type of gastroenteritis that causes severe diarrhea and abdominal cramps. It has been suggested that chronic giardiasis can result in long-term growth retardation (Simsek. et al. 2004).
Mouse anti Human CD81 antibody, clone 1D6 recognizes human CD81, a 26 kDa cell surface antigen also known as TAPA-1, and a member of the tetraspanin family. CD81 is widely expressed on human leucocytes and appears to be involved in a variety of cellular leucocytes including activation, proliferation and differentiation.Mouse anti Human CD81 antibody, clone 1D6 is a potent CD81 reagent, induces homotypic adhesion and has powerful anti-proliferative effects.
Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 recognizes human CD226, a ~65 kDa glycoprotein, also known as DNAM1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1). CD226 is broadly expressed on T-cells, NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of B cells. CD226 is also expressed by a subset of CD3 positive thymocytes.Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 is reported to inhibit T- and NK cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cell targets and to block TNF alpha and IFN gamma secretion by alloantigen-specific T-cells (Kojima et al. 2003).
Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 recognizes human CD226, a ~65 kDa glycoprotein, also known as DNAM1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1). CD226 is broadly expressed on T-cells, NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of B cells. CD226 is also expressed by a subset of CD3 positive thymocytes.Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 is reported to inhibit T- and NK cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cell targets and to block TNF alpha and IFN gamma secretion by alloantigen-specific T-cells (Kojima et al. 2003).
Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 recognizes human CD226, a ~65 kDa glycoprotein, also known as DNAM1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1). CD226 is broadly expressed on T-cells, NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of B cells. CD226 is also expressed by a subset of CD3 positive thymocytes.Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 is reported to inhibit T- and NK cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cell targets and to block TNF alpha and IFN gamma secretion by alloantigen-specific T-cells (Kojima et al. 2003).
Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 recognizes human CD226, a ~65 kDa glycoprotein, also known as DNAM1 (DNAX accessory molecule-1). CD226 is broadly expressed on T-cells, NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of B cells. CD226 is also expressed by a subset of CD3 positive thymocytes.Mouse anti Human CD226 antibody, clone DX11 is reported to inhibit T- and NK cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cell targets and to block TNF alpha and IFN gamma secretion by alloantigen-specific T-cells (Kojima et al. 2003).
Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 recognizes human CD101, also known as Immunoglobulin superfamily member 2 (IgSF2), . Cell surface glycoprotein V7, Glu-Trp-Ile EWI motif-containing protein 101 or EWI-101. CD101 is a 1021 amino acid, includinng a 20 amino acid signal peptide, ~140 kDa single pass type I homodimeric cell surface glycoprotein expressed primarily by monocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells and activated T lymphocytes.CD101 plays a major role in the activation of T cells by skin dendritic cells. Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 has been reported to inhibit allogeneic T-cell responses (Bagot et al. 1997).
Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 recognizes human CD101, also known as Immunoglobulin superfamily member 2 (IgSF2), . Cell surface glycoprotein V7, Glu-Trp-Ile EWI motif-containing protein 101 or EWI-101. CD101 is a 1021 amino acid, includinng a 20 amino acid signal peptide, ~140 kDa single pass type I homodimeric cell surface glycoprotein expressed primarily by monocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells and activated T lymphocytes.CD101 plays a major role in the activation of T cells by skin dendritic cells. Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 has been reported to inhibit allogeneic T-cell responses (Bagot et al. 1997).
Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 recognizes human CD101, also known as Immunoglobulin superfamily member 2 (IgSF2), . Cell surface glycoprotein V7, Glu-Trp-Ile EWI motif-containing protein 101 or EWI-101. CD101 is a 1021 amino acid, includinng a 20 amino acid signal peptide, ~140 kDa single pass type I homodimeric cell surface glycoprotein expressed primarily by monocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells and activated T lymphocytes.CD101 plays a major role in the activation of T cells by skin dendritic cells. Mouse anti Human CD101 antibody, clone BB27 has been reported to inhibit allogeneic T-cell responses (Bagot et al. 1997).
Rat anti Mouse CD79b antibody, clone AT107-2 recognizes a cytoplasmic region of mouse B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain, also known as B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29, Ig-beta, or Immunoglobulin-associated B29 protein. CD79b is a 228 amino acid, including a 26 signal peptide ~40 kDa type I single pass transmembrane glycoprotein. CD79b is expressed by B lymphocytes and associates with CD79a to form a heterodimer, non-covalently linked to surface immunoglobulin, forming the B-cell receptor (BCR) complex. Rat anti Mouse CD79b antibody, clone AT107-2 also recognizes a homologous region of human CD79b.
Rat anti Mouse CD79b antibody, clone AT107-2 recognizes a cytoplasmic region of mouse B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain, also known as B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29, Ig-beta, or Immunoglobulin-associated B29 protein. CD79b is a 228 amino acid, including a 26 signal peptide ~40 kDa type I single pass transmembrane glycoprotein. CD79b is expressed by B lymphocytes and associates with CD79a to form a heterodimer, non-covalently linked to surface immunoglobulin, forming the B-cell receptor (BCR) complex. Rat anti Mouse CD79b antibody, clone AT107-2 also recognizes a homologous region of human CD79b.
CD206 (macrophage mannose receptor, MMR), also known as mannose receptor C1 (MRC1), is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein serving as pattern recognition receptor for carbogydrate groups on the surface of bacteria, fungi and other pathogens. Expressed mainly on tissue macrophages and dendritic cells, CD206 mediates endocytosis of these pathogens and presentation of their antigens to the adaptive immune system. CD206 can also be detected in a soluble form in human plasma and is elevated in patients with acute sepsis.
Rat anti Human CD195 antibody, clone HEK/1/85a recognizes the human CD195 cell surface antigen, a 45 kDa glycoprotein also known as CCR5.CD195 acts as a receptor for a number of chemokines including RANTES and eotaxin and serves as a co-receptor for the entry of HIV into cells. CD195 is expressed by a subset of T lymphocytes and by monocytes.
Rat anti Human CD195 antibody, clone HEK/1/85a recognizes the human CD195 cell surface antigen, a 45 kDa glycoprotein also known as CCR5.CD195 acts as a receptor for a number of chemokines including RANTES and eotaxin and serves as a co-receptor for the entry of HIV into cells. CD195 is expressed by a subset of T lymphocytes and by monocytes.
Rat anti Human CD195 antibody, clone HEK/1/85a recognizes the human CD195 cell surface antigen, a 45 kDa glycoprotein also known as CCR5.CD195 acts as a receptor for a number of chemokines including RANTES and eotaxin and serves as a co-receptor for the entry of HIV into cells. CD195 is expressed by a subset of T lymphocytes and by monocytes.
Mouse anti Human CD146 antibody, clone OJ79c recognizes human Cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, also known as CD146, Cell surface glycoprotein P1H12, Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or S-endo 1 endothelial-associated antigen. CD146 is a 646 amino acid single pass type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with a calculated molecular mass of ~72 kDa. However due to extensive N-linked glycosylation CD146 migrates in polyacrylamide gels with an apparent molecular mass of ~118 kDa. CD146 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily bearing 2 V-type Ig-like and 3 C-type Ig-like domains. CD146 is expressed by all endothelial cells and by melanoma cells and appears to act as an adhesion molecule (UniProt: P43121). Expression in melanoma may be linked to tumor progression (Lehmann et al. 1989).Mouse anti Human CD146 antibody, clone OJ79c is highly expressed on pericytes and has been utilized for the identification of perivascular mesenchymal precursor cells from cardiac muscle using flow cytometry (Chen et al. 2014).
Mouse anti Human CD146 antibody, clone OJ79c recognizes human Cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, also known as CD146, Cell surface glycoprotein P1H12, Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or S-endo 1 endothelial-associated antigen. CD146 is a 646 amino acid single pass type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein with a calculated molecular mass of ~72 kDa. However due to extensive N-linked glycosylation CD146 migrates in polyacrylamide gels with an apparent molecular mass of ~118 kDa. CD146 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily bearing 2 V-type Ig-like and 3 C-type Ig-like domains. CD146 is expressed by all endothelial cells and by melanoma cells and appears to act as an adhesion molecule (UniProt: P43121). Expression in melanoma may be linked to tumor progression (Lehmann et al. 1989).Mouse anti Human CD146 antibody, clone OJ79c is highly expressed on pericytes and has been utilized for the identification of perivascular mesenchymal precursor cells from cardiac muscle using flow cytometry (Chen et al. 2014).
CD229 (Ly9) is a cell surface receptor of the CD150 family, which includes also e.g. CD48 and CD224. Receptors of this family regulate cytokine production and cytotoxicity of lymphocytes and NK cells. High levels of CD229 are found on T and B cells, where its expression increases during their maturation. It is absent on granulocytes, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, platelets and erythrocytes. CD229 has been also reported on mouse monocytes and NK cells. CD229 interacts homophilically through its N-terminal domain and localizes to the contact site between T cells and antigen presenting B cells during antigen-dependent immune synapse formation.
Mouse anti Human CD229 antibody, clone HLy9.1.25 recognizes the human cell surface antigen CD229 also known as T-lymphocyte surface antigen Ly-9 or SLAM family member 3. CD229 is a 608 amino acid single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein of ~120 kDa as evaluated by immunoprecipitation of cells transfected with the full length human CD229 cDNA. However immunoprecipitation of CD229 from Daudi cell lysates with dlone HLy9.1.25 yields bands of 120 kDa corresponding to the full length CD229 and a ~100 kDa band attributed to an alternatively spliced isoform lacking the fourth Ig-like domain (de la Fuente et al. 2001).Human CD299 is expressed on thymocytes, T-cells and B-cells (Del Valle et al. 2003). CD229 has also been described as a tumor associated antigen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Bund et al. 2006) and has been implicated in the development of spontaneous autoantibody production to nuclear antigens in mice and is potentially a target for the treatment of autoimmunity (de Salort et al. 2013).
Mouse anti Human CD229 antibody, clone HLy9.1.25 recognizes the human cell surface antigen CD229 also known as T-lymphocyte surface antigen Ly-9 or SLAM family member 3. CD229 is a 608 amino acid single pass type I transmembrane glycoprotein of ~120 kDa as evaluated by immunoprecipitation of cells transfected with the full length human CD229 cDNA. However immunoprecipitation of CD229 from Daudi cell lysates with dlone HLy9.1.25 yields bands of 120 kDa corresponding to the full length CD229 and a ~100 kDa band attributed to an alternatively spliced isoform lacking the fourth Ig-like domain (de la Fuente et al. 2001).Human CD299 is expressed on thymocytes, T-cells and B-cells (Del Valle et al. 2003). CD229 has also been described as a tumor associated antigen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Bund et al. 2006) and has been implicated in the development of spontaneous autoantibody production to nuclear antigens in mice and is potentially a target for the treatment of autoimmunity (de Salort et al. 2013).
Mouse anti Human CD88 antibody, clone P12/1 recognizes the C5a receptor (C5aR) also known as CD88 or C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1. CD88 is predominantly expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage. When C5aR is preincubated with C5a, Mouse anti Human CD88 antibody, clone P12/1 does not bind to the receptor, as the binding site of P12/1 is located in the C5a binding region (Werfel et al. 1996 and Weinman et al. 2003)
Mouse anti Human CD88 antibody, clone P12/1 recognizes the C5a receptor (C5aR) also known as CD88 or C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1. CD88 is predominantly expressed on cells of the myeloid lineage. When C5aR is preincubated with C5a, Mouse anti Human CD88 antibody, clone P12/1 does not bind to the receptor, as the binding site of P12/1 is located in the C5a binding region (Werfel et al. 1996 and Weinman et al. 2003)
Mouse anti Human CD238 antibody, clone BRIC203 recognizes human CD238, also known as the kell blood group antigen Kpbc. The kell blood group antigens are carried on the ~93 kDa erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein.In hemagglutination tests, Mouse anti Human CD238 antibody, clone BRIC203 reacts with Kp (a-b+) but not Kp (a+b-). In addition Mouse anti Human CD238 antibody, clone BRIC203 will agglutinate Kp (a+b-c+) and Kp (a-b-c+) erythrocytes but not react with Ko erythrocytes. Weaker staining in flow cytometry is observed on erythroblasts derived from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, compared to Kp (a-b+) red blood cells.
Mouse anti Human CD175 antibody, clone BRIC111 recognizes Tn antigen on glycophorin A and glycophorin B in human erythrocytes. Tn is a cryptantigen which was designated CD175 at the 7th Leucocyte Typing Workshop. Tn antigen is not expressed on normal haemopoietic cells but exposure of the Tn is associated with polyagglutination.
Mouse anti Human CD173 antibody, clone BRIC231 recognizes human type 2 H blood group antigen, also known as CD173. Active H substances in man, are expressed by many cells and tissues and also by erythrocytes.
Mouse anti Human CD236 antibody, clone BGRL100 recognizes a 17 amino acid residue within the cytoplasmic domain of glycophorin C (GPC), which has recently been designated CD236.CD236 is an integral membrane protein which carries the Gerbich blood group antigens. Expression of CD236 is not restricted to erythroid cells, but is broadly distributed in both erythroid and non-erythroid tissues.
Mouse anti Human CD239 antibody, clone BRIC221 recognizes human CD239, also known as Lutheran antigen or basal cell aghesion molecule.CD239 is a 597 amino acid, ~85 kDa single pass type I membrane glycoprotein. Clone BRIC221 recognizes a monomorphic determinant expresses on both the 85 and 78 kDa Lutheran (Lu) glycoforms (El Nemer et al. 1998). BRIC 221 recognizes an epitope in the fourth extracellular domain of Lu glycoprotein (Parsons et al. 1997). Lutheran glycoprotein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and was designated CD239 (B-CAM) at the 7th leucocyte typing workshop. CD239 is expressed by erythrocytes in the peripheral blood.
Mouse anti Human CD154 antibody, clone MK13A4 recognizes the human CD154 cell surface antigen, a 32 kDa glycoprotein also known as CD40 ligand. CD154 is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, predominantly CD4+ve cells and also on some basophils and mast cells.Mouse anti Human CD154 antibody, clone MK13A4 has been reported to block binding of CD40 ligand to its receptor CD40.
Mouse anti Human CD91 antibody, clone A2Mr alpha-2 recognizes human CD91, also known as Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, Alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor or apolipoprotein E receptor. CD91 is a 4525 amino acid protein post translationally cleaved into 3 subunits, a 85 kDa type I transmembrane carboxyl chain (LRP85) non-covalently bound to a 515 kDa extracellular N-terminal subunit (LRP515)containing multiple EGF-like and LDL-receptor Class A and Class B domains. Additionally, there is an intracellular domain (LRPICD) which can be cleaved from the transmambrane domain by gamma secretase (May et al. 2004). Clone A2Mr alpha-2 detects an epitope within the LRP515 chain.CD91 is a multifunctional protein involved in processes inluding the phagocytosis and endocytosis of apoptotic cells (Nilsson et al. 2012), clearance of activated serum alpha-2-macroglobulin (Kristensen et al. 1990), modulation of the inflammatory response (Staudt et al. 2013) and acts as a receptor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (Kounnas et al. 1992).Mouse anti Human CD91, clone A2Mr alpha-2 has been used extensively for the detection of CD91 by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry
Mouse anti Human CD91 antibody, clone A2Mr alpha-2 recognizes human CD91, also known as Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, Alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor or apolipoprotein E receptor. CD91 is a 4525 amino acid protein post translationally cleaved into 3 subunits, a 85 kDa type I transmembrane carboxyl chain (LRP85) non-covalently bound to a 515 kDa extracellular N-terminal subunit (LRP515)containing multiple EGF-like and LDL-receptor Class A and Class B domains. Additionally, there is an intracellular domain (LRPICD) which can be cleaved from the transmambrane domain by gamma secretase (May et al. 2004). Clone A2Mr alpha-2 detects an epitope within the LRP515 chain.CD91 is a multifunctional protein involved in processes inluding the phagocytosis and endocytosis of apoptotic cells (Nilsson et al. 2012), clearance of activated serum alpha-2-macroglobulin (Kristensen et al. 1990), modulation of the inflammatory response (Staudt et al. 2013) and acts as a receptor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (Kounnas et al. 1992).Mouse anti Human CD91, clone A2Mr alpha-2 has been used extensively for the detection of CD91 by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry
Mouse anti Human CD200 antibody, clone OX-104 recognizes the human CD200 cell surface antigen, also known as OX2.CD200 is expressed by a subset of B lymphocytes, some endothelial cells and by neurons. Studies have suggested that the CD200-CD200 ligand system is of importance in the control of macrophage and granulocyte activation.
Mouse anti Human CD200 antibody, clone OX-104 recognizes the human CD200 cell surface antigen, also known as OX2.CD200 is expressed by a subset of B lymphocytes, some endothelial cells and by neurons. Studies have suggested that the CD200-CD200 ligand system is of importance in the control of macrophage and granulocyte activation.
Mouse anti Human CD112 antibody, clone R2-525 recognizes CD112, also known as Poliovirus Receptor Related 2, PRR2 or Nectin-2, a surface molecule originally reported to be homologous to CD155, the poliovirus receptor (Lopez et al. 1998). PRR2 expression is restricted to the myelo-monocytic and megakaryocytic lineages. PRR2 expression has also been detected on haematopoeitic progenitors expressing CD34.
Mouse anti Human CD94 antibody, clone DX22 recognizes human Natural killer cells antigen CD94, also known as KLRD1, Killer cell lectin-like receptor, subfamily D, member 1, CD94, KP43 and NK cell receptor. CD94 is a 179 amino acid single pass type II transmembrane glycoprotein with a predicted molecular mass of ~20.5 kDa. There are 3 isoforms of CD94 derived by alternative splicing.CD94 is expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T lymphocytes.CD94 is found to associate with NKG2 to form a heterodimer, involved in the inhibition of cell mediated cytotoxicity against cells bearing appropriate MHC class I allotypes.Mouse anti Human CD94 antibody, clone DX22 is reported to inhibit the binding of CD94 to HLA-E (Braud et al. 1998) and HLA-G (Söderström. et al. 1997).
Mouse anti Human CD89 antibody, clone MIP8a recognizes the human CD89 cell surface antigen, a 50-75 kDa cell surface glycoprotein that is also known as the IgA receptor (Fc alpha R).CD89 is expressed by peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils.MIP8a blocks binding of IgA to the Fc alpha R, and also inhibits neutrophil phagocytosis of IgA complexes.
Mouse anti Human CD89 antibody, clone MIP8a recognizes the human CD89 cell surface antigen, a 50-75 kDa cell surface glycoprotein that is also known as the IgA receptor (Fc alpha R).CD89 is expressed by peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils.MIP8a blocks binding of IgA to the Fc alpha R, and also inhibits neutrophil phagocytosis of IgA complexes.
Mouse anti Human CD227 antibody, clone C595 (NCRC48) recognizes CD227, also known as mucin 1 which is a breast cancer associated mucin encoded by the Muc-1 gene. Mucins are a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by many epithelial tissues in vertebrates. CD227 is expressed on most secretory epithelium, including mammary gland and some hematopoietic cells. This protein is overexpressed abundantly in >90% breast carcinomas and metastases.Mouse anti Human CD227 antibody, clone C595 recognizes the peptide epitope ARG-PRO-ALA-PRO within the protein core of the mucin.
Mouse anti Human CD227 antibody, clone C595 (NCRC48) recognizes CD227, also known as mucin 1 which is a breast cancer associated mucin encoded by the Muc-1 gene. Mucins are a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by many epithelial tissues in vertebrates. CD227 is expressed on most secretory epithelium, including mammary gland and some hematopoietic cells. This protein is overexpressed abundantly in >90% breast carcinomas and metastases.Mouse anti Human CD227 antibody, clone C595 recognizes the peptide epitope ARG-PRO-ALA-PRO within the protein core of the mucin.
Mouse anti Human CD152 antibody, clone BNI3 recognizes human CD152, also known as CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4), an inhibitory receptor and negative regulator of T-cell responses. CD152 is a single pass type 1 transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily containing a single Ig-v-like domain in the extracellular region.CD152 along with CD28 binds to the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 (Azuma et al. 1993). Mouse anti human CD152 antibody, clone BNI3 is able to block ligand binding on the Raji B-cell line (Steiner et al. 2001) and blocks binding of an alternative clone, BNI8 to CTLA-4/Ig in ELISA. Mouse anti Human CD152 antibody, clone BNI3 binds to the same epitope as classified anti CTLA-4 clones 11D4 and 10A8 (Wang et al. In: Leukocyte typing VI 1997 Garland Publishing Inc. pp97-98, Bull World Health Organ. 1997). The cytoplasmic domain of CD152 contains a critical tyrosine at residue 201 phosphorylated by Janus Kinase 2 which subsequently controls surface expression through regulation of CD152 interaction with AP-2 (Shiratori et al. 1997, Chikuma et al. 2000). CD152 is expressed primarily as an intracellular antigen with transport to the cell surface under tight regulation of several molecules including Trim, PLD and TIRC7, CD152 also demonstrates rapid internalization once expressed at the cell surfac
Mouse anti Human CD158b antibody, clone GL183 recognizes human Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL3, also known as CD158b, KIR-023GB, MHC class I NK cell receptor, p58 natural killer cell receptor clone CL-6 or Natural killer-associated transcript 2. CD158b is a 341 amino acid, ~58 kDa single pass type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein containing two Ig-like C2-type domains. expressed by a subset of NK cells.This antibody also recognizes a ~50 kDa molecule in some NK clones, which is highly homologous to p58.2 in the extracellular domain, but has a shorter cytoplasmic tail (Moretta et al. 1985). Both molecules are members of the newly described natural killer cell receptor family.CD158b functions as a receptor specific for HLA Class I molecules, including Cw3 and related HLA-C alleles. Mouse anti Human CD158b antibody, clone GL183 can restore the lysis by human NK clones of otherwise lysis protected targets expressing Cw3.
Mouse anti Human CD154 antibody, clone TRAP-1 recognises the human CD40 ligand, also known as CD154, TNF-related activation protein (TRAP) or T-cell antigen Gp39. CD154 is a 261 amino acid ~32 kDa single pass, type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein (UniProt: P29965). CD154 is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, predominantly CD4 +ve and also on some basophils and mast cells.Mouse anti Human CD154 antibody, clone TRAP-1 binds to CD154 at an epitope distinct from the CD40 binding site (Kroczek et al. 1994).
Mouse anti Human CD104 antibody, clone 450-9D recognizes the human beta4 integrin, also known as CD104. CD104 is a ~205 kDa glycoprotein which associates with the alpha6 integrin to form the alpha6/beta4 complex. CD104 is expressed on epithelial cells, Schwann cells and various tumor cell lines. Mouse anti Human CD104 antibody, clone 450-9D recognizes an extracellular epitope on the CD104 molecule.
Mouse anti Human CD104 antibody, clone 450-9D recognizes the human beta4 integrin, also known as CD104. CD104 is a ~205 kDa glycoprotein which associates with the alpha6 integrin to form the alpha6/beta4 complex. CD104 is expressed on epithelial cells, Schwann cells and various tumor cell lines. Mouse anti Human CD104 antibody, clone 450-9D recognizes an extracellular epitope on the CD104 molecule.
Mouse anti Human CD103 antibody, clone LF61 recognizes the human CD103 cell surface antigen, a glycoprotein expressed by approximately 1% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, activated T lymphocytes and by hairy cell leukemia cells. The antigen is also expressed by intraepithelial lymphocytes. It has recently been shown to be identical to the alpha E integrin.
Mouse anti Human CD103 antibody, clone LF61 recognizes the human CD103 cell surface antigen, a glycoprotein expressed by approximately 1% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, activated T lymphocytes and by hairy cell leukemia cells. The antigen is also expressed by intraepithelial lymphocytes. It has recently been shown to be identical to the alpha E integrin.
Mouse anti Human CD103 antibody, clone LF61 recognizes the human CD103 cell surface antigen, a glycoprotein expressed by approximately 1% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, activated T lymphocytes and by hairy cell leukemia cells. The antigen is also expressed by intraepithelial lymphocytes. It has recently been shown to be identical to the alpha E integrin.
Mouse anti Human CD82 antibody, clone B-L2 recognizes human CD82, also known as C33 antigen, Metastasis suppressor Kangai-1, Suppressor of tumorigenicity 6 protein or Tetraspanin-27. CD82 is a 267 amino acid ~50-53 kDa multiple pass transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the tetraspanin family expressed by T cells, NK cells, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets.
The HIV protease (PR) hydrolyzes polyproteins of HIV virus into functional protein products that are essential for its assembly and subsequent activity. This maturation process occurs as the virion buds from the host cell. HIV protease inhibitors are used in the treatment of patients with AIDS and were considered the first breakthrough in over a decade of AIDS research. HIV protease inhibitors can lower the viral load carried by AIDS patents.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1696
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Rat anti Human CD66acd antibody, clone YTH71.3 recognizes 3 members of the human CD66 family, namely CD66a, also known as Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1, Biliary glycoprotein 1 or CEACAM1. Clone YTH71.3 also recognizes CD66c, known as Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 or Non-specific crossreacting antigen. In addition the clone also recognizes CD66d which in turn is also known as Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 3 or CGM1 (Watt et al. 1991). CD66 family members are single pass, type 1 membrane glycoproteins bearing a single V-type Ig-like domain and a varying number of C2-type Ig-like domains. Clone YTH71.3 recognizes epitopes in the N-terminal domain of these CD66 family members.CD66 members are expressed by human neutrophils and cells of the colon where it is down regulated in some cases of colon carcinoma (Neumaier et al. 2012). CD66a is also expressed in the human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and may play a role in Moraxella catarrhalis induced apoptosis of pulmonary epithlial cells in diseases including COPD and emphysema (N'Guessan et al. 2007).
PN-15 reacts with a lectin receptor like glycoprotein of 200 kDa (gp200), present in proximal renal tubules and on urothelium. The antigen is carbohydrate in nature. Other normal tissues that display the antigen include breast, parathyroid glands, thymus and epididymis. Among renal carcinomas 93% of primary and 84% of metastatic carcinomas are positive. Bladder cancers are also largely positive. Other tumor types include breast cancer, teratocarcinomas and parathyroid adenomas. The antigen, also called DEC-205, was assigned to CD205 at CD workshop VII. In the immune system it can facilitate tolerance to self-antigens through uptake of apoptosis derived material by dendritic cells, which in turn present fragments through MHC II and MHC I, either inducing or repressing immune responses, depending on the nature of concomitant signals.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PN-15
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yoshida, S.O. et al, Cancer Res 49: 1802-1809 (1989)
References 2:
Li, G, et al, Anticancer Res. 20(4): 2773-8 (2000)
References 3:
Batchelder C.A. et al, Anat Rec (Hoboken) 297(8): 1392-1406 (2014)
References 4:
Cykowski M.D. et al, Ultrastruct Pathol 39(1): 69-77 (2015)
Mouse anti Human CD102 antibody, clone B-T1 recognizes human Intercellular adhesion molecule 2, also known as CD102 or ICAM-2. CD102 is a 275 amino acid ~55-65 kDa single pass type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein containing two Ig-like C2-type domains.Mouse anti Human CD102 antibody, clone B-T1 inhibits cell adhesion (Xie et al. 1995)and T cell activation and also recognizes soluble ICAM-2.
Mouse anti Human CD130 antibody, clone B-T2 recognizes soluble and membrane bound gp130 receptor, also known as CD130, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Oncostatin-M receptor subunit alpha or Interleukin-6 signal transducer. CD130 is a 918 amino acid, ~130 kDa single pass type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein containing a single Ig-like C2 type and multiple fibronectin type-III domains. CD130 can be cleaved to form a monomeric soluble ~100 kDa form of the receptor detectable in plasma and other biologic fluids where it acts as an IL-6 antagonist (Müller-Newen et al. 1998). Mouse anti Human CD130 antibody, clone B-T2 binds to an epitope dependent at least partially on the presence of the Ig-like domain (Hammacher et al. 1998).Mouse anti Human CD130 antibody, clone B-T2 has been reported to block receptor activity and inhibit IL-6 induced proliferation of XG1 cells and IL-27 mediated proliferation of naive CD4+ T cells(de Groot et al. 2012, Pflanz et al. 2004).
Mouse anti Human CD49a antibody, clone TS2/7 recognizes the human alpha 1 integrin sub-unit, which forms the VLA-1 heterodimer in association with the beta 1 integrin. VLA-1 is a receptor for collagen and laminin, and is expressed by chronically activated T cells, melanoma cells and smooth muscle cells.Mouse anti Human CD49a antibody, clone TS2/7 has been reported as being suitable for use in Western Blotting.Mouse anti Human CD49a antibody, clone TS2/7 is routinely tested in flow cytometry using HeLa cells.
Mouse anti Human CD86 antibody, clone Bu63 recognizes human CD86 also known as B7-2, a type I transmembrane protein expressed by monocytes and activated B cells (Engel et al. 1994). CD86 acts as a co-stimulaory molecule along with CD80 (Lanier et al. 1995) and is a ligand for CD28 and CTLA-4 (Azuma et al. 1993).CD86 is a member of the Immunoglobulin superfamily and carries an extracellular domain bearing both an Ig-v-like domain which contains the CTLA-4 binding site and an adjacent C2-like domain. CD86 plays an important role in co-stimulation of T cell proliferation (Freeman et al. 1993), IL-2 production (Ribot et al. 2012) and in the primary immune response (Schultze et al. 1996).Domain depletion epitope mapping studies indicate that the binding site of Mouse anti Human CD86, clone Bu63 is located within the Ig-v-like domain of human CD86 (Jeanin et al. 1997).CD86 along with CD80 may be exploited as receptors for adenovirus entry into cells (Short et al. 2004 2006).
Mouse anti Human CD86 antibody, clone Bu63 recognizes human CD86 also known as B7-2, a type I transmembrane protein expressed by monocytes and activated B cells (Engel et al. 1994). CD86 acts as a co-stimulaory molecule along with CD80 (Lanier et al. 1995) and is a ligand for CD28 and CTLA-4 (Azuma et al. 1993).CD86 is a member of the Immunoglobulin superfamily and carries an extracellular domain bearing both an Ig-v-like domain which contains the CTLA-4 binding site and an adjacent C2-like domain. CD86 plays an important role in co-stimulation of T cell proliferation (Freeman et al. 1993), IL-2 production (Ribot et al. 2012) and in the primary immune response (Schultze et al. 1996).Domain depletion epitope mapping studies indicate that the binding site of Mouse anti Human CD86, clone Bu63 is located within the Ig-v-like domain of human CD86 (Jeanin et al. 1997).CD86 along with CD80 may be exploited as receptors for adenovirus entry into cells (Short et al. 2004 2006).
Mouse anti Human CD86 antibody, clone Bu63 recognizes human CD86 also known as B7-2, a type I transmembrane protein expressed by monocytes and activated B cells (Engel et al. 1994). CD86 acts as a co-stimulaory molecule along with CD80 (Lanier et al. 1995) and is a ligand for CD28 and CTLA-4 (Azuma et al. 1993).CD86 is a member of the Immunoglobulin superfamily and carries an extracellular domain bearing both an Ig-v-like domain which contains the CTLA-4 binding site and an adjacent C2-like domain. CD86 plays an important role in co-stimulation of T cell proliferation (Freeman et al. 1993), IL-2 production (Ribot et al. 2012) and in the primary immune response (Schultze et al. 1996).Domain depletion epitope mapping studies indicate that the binding site of Mouse anti Human CD86, clone Bu63 is located within the Ig-v-like domain of human CD86 (Jeanin et al. 1997).CD86 along with CD80 may be exploited as receptors for adenovirus entry into cells (Short et al. 2004 2006).
Pen 9 reacts mainly with the thiazolidin ring of penicillin, but not with the lactam ring. The nature of the side chain in the penicilloyl group does not affect antibody binding as was shown by testing Pen 9 against benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, amoxillin and 6-aminopenicillanic acid. The presence of carrier protein is not essential for the presentation of the antigen associated with Pen 9.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Pen 9
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
P. de Haan et al., Int. Archs Allergy appl. Immun. 76: 42-46 (1985)
Mouse anti Human CD62L antibody, clone FMC46 recognizes human CD62L, also known a L-selectin, a 74-95 kDa member of the selectin family of adhesion receptors, which acts as a ligand for both CD62P (P-selectin) and CD62E (E-selectin). Human CD62L is constitutively expressed on most leucocytes including monocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, NK cells, bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells and on a subset of thymocytes.CD62L plays an important role in leucocyte tethering and rolling on the endothelial cell surface and for the homing of naïve lymphocytes to lymph nodes and Peyers patches via HEV. Neutrophils require a constant supply of this molecule on the cell surface for migration into peripheral tissues and adhesion to activated endothelium at sites of inflammation, where CD62L is rapidly shed as soluble L-selectin, but surface expression still remains.The expression of CD62L is down regulated on lymphocytes and neutrophils by PMA stimulation.
Mouse anti Human CD62L antibody, clone FMC46 recognizes human CD62L, also known a L-selectin, a 74-95 kDa member of the selectin family of adhesion receptors, which acts as a ligand for both CD62P (P-selectin) and CD62E (E-selectin). Human CD62L is constitutively expressed on most leucocytes including monocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, NK cells, bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells and on a subset of thymocytes.CD62L plays an important role in leucocyte tethering and rolling on the endothelial cell surface and for the homing of naïve lymphocytes to lymph nodes and Peyers patches via HEV. Neutrophils require a constant supply of this molecule on the cell surface for migration into peripheral tissues and adhesion to activated endothelium at sites of inflammation, where CD62L is rapidly shed as soluble L-selectin, but surface expression still remains.The expression of CD62L is down regulated on lymphocytes and neutrophils by PMA stimulation.
Mouse anti Human CD62L antibody, clone FMC46 recognizes human CD62L, also known a L-selectin, a 74-95 kDa member of the selectin family of adhesion receptors, which acts as a ligand for both CD62P (P-selectin) and CD62E (E-selectin). Human CD62L is constitutively expressed on most leucocytes including monocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, NK cells, bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells and on a subset of thymocytes.CD62L plays an important role in leucocyte tethering and rolling on the endothelial cell surface and for the homing of naïve lymphocytes to lymph nodes and Peyers patches via HEV. Neutrophils require a constant supply of this molecule on the cell surface for migration into peripheral tissues and adhesion to activated endothelium at sites of inflammation, where CD62L is rapidly shed as soluble L-selectin, but surface expression still remains.The expression of CD62L is down regulated on lymphocytes and neutrophils by PMA stimulation.
Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 recognizes the human CD32 antigen, a ~40 kDa glycoprotein that acts as a low affinity receptor for IgG (also known as Fc gamma RII). CD32 mediates several functions including endocytosis, activation of secretion, cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. CD32 is expressed by B cells, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets.Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 blocks the binding of IgG to Fc gamma RII (Larsson et al. 1997).
Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 recognizes the human CD32 antigen, a ~40 kDa glycoprotein that acts as a low affinity receptor for IgG (also known as Fc gamma RII). CD32 mediates several functions including endocytosis, activation of secretion, cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. CD32 is expressed by B cells, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets.Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 blocks the binding of IgG to Fc gamma RII (Larsson et al. 1997).
Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 recognizes the human CD32 antigen, a ~40 kDa glycoprotein that acts as a low affinity receptor for IgG (also known as Fc gamma RII). CD32 mediates several functions including endocytosis, activation of secretion, cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. CD32 is expressed by B cells, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets.Mouse anti Human CD32 antibody, clone AT10 blocks the binding of IgG to Fc gamma RII (Larsson et al. 1997).
D10 has been characterized in the ISOBM TD-2 workshop and assigned by K. Nustad to group D of a cluster of 6 major epitopes of human alpha fetoprotein. Human alpha fetoprotein is an oncofetal protein of 70 kDa. It is expressed in fetal liver and is normally absent in healthy adult tissues. It is positive on all yolk sac tumors, on some other germ cell tumors and on hepatocellular carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D10
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsung K., et al. J. Immunol. Methods 39: 363-368 (1980)
References 2:
Michell B.et al. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19: 1239-1246 (1983)
References 3:
Yazova A.K. et al. Immunol. Lett. 25: 325-330 (1990)
References 4:
Nustad K. Et al. Tumor Biol 19: 293 -300 (1998)
References 5:
Yakimenko E.F. et al. Tumor Biol 19: 301-309 (1998)
C3 has been characterized in the ISOBM TD-2 workshop and assigned by K. Nunstad to a group of antibodies with low affinity to human alpha fetoprotein. Human alpha fetoprotein is an oncofetal protein of 70 kDa and expressed in fetal liver but normally absent in healthy adult tissues. It is expressed in all yolk sac tumors, in some other germ cell tumors and in hepatocellular carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C3
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsung K., et al. J. Immunol. Methods 39: 363-368 (1980)
References 2:
Michell B.et al. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19: 1239-1246 (1983)
References 3:
Yazova A.K. et al. Immunol. Lett. 25: 325-330 (1990)
References 4:
Nustad K. Et al. Tumor Biol 19: 293 -300 (1998)
References 5:
Yakimenko E.F. et al. Tumor Biol 19: 301-309 (1998)
C2 has been characterized in the ISOBM TD-2 workshop and assigned by K. Nustad to group E of a cluster of 6 major epitopes of human alpha fetoprotein. Human alpha fetoprotein is an oncofetal protein of 70 kDa. It is expressed in fetal liver and is normally absent in health adult tissues. It is positive on all yolk sac tumors, on some other germ cell tumors and on hepatocellular carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C2
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsung K., et al. J. Immunol. Methods 39: 363-368 (1980)
References 2:
Michell B.et al. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 19: 1239-1246 (1983)
References 3:
Yazova A.K. et al. Immunol. Lett. 25: 325-330 (1990)
References 4:
Nustad K. Et al. Tumor Biol 19: 293 -300 (1998)
References 5:
Yakimenko E.F. et al. Tumor Biol 19: 301-309 (1998)
MBS-12 specifically detects AFP. This protein is one of the major serum proteins in the early life of mammals and through to be fetal counterpart of albumin. AFP production is reactivated in the adult during liver regeneration and hepatocarcinogenesis, though in some individuals it persists into adulthood naturally. It is positive on all yolk sac tumors, on some other germ cell tumors and on hepatocellular carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MBS-12
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Stefanova, I. et al, J. Immunol. Methods. 111: 67-73 (1988)
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. TLRs constitute of a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate cellular responses to a large variety of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, and parasites) by specific recognition of so-called âpathogen-associated molecular patternsâ. Activation of TLRs, a family of at least 11 different members that function either as homo- or heterodimers, leads to activation of NFκB-dependent and IFN-regulatory factor-dependent signaling pathways. TLRs have a central role in innate immunity and are also required for the development of an adaptive immune response. TLRs are expressed by various cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. TLRs are class I receptors, with a single ?-helix that spans the cell membrane. They recognize and respond to molecules derived from bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, peptidoglycan fragments from bacterial cell walls and single-stranded and double-stranded RNA from viruses. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4; CD284) has been identified, next to MD-2 and CD14, as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to LPS of Gram-negative bacteria. TLR4 is unique among TLRs in its ability to activate two distinct signaling pathways; one pathway is activated by the adaptors TIRAP (Toll/interleukin-1- receptor (TIR)-domain-containing adaptor protein) and MyD88, which leads to the induction of proâinflammatory cytokines. The second pathway is activated by the adaptors TRIF (TIR-domaincontaining adaptor protein inducing interferonâβ) and TRAM (TRIFrelated adaptor molecule), which leads to the induction of type I interferons. The monoclonal antibody HTA125 is a TLR4 function-blocking antibody. HTA125 recognizes preferentially human TLR4 that is associated with MD-2.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HTA125
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shimazu; R et al. J Exp Med 1999; 189: 1777
References 2:
Tabeta, K et al Infect Immun 2000, 68: 3731
References 3:
Akashi; S et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 268: 172
The monoclonal antibody MTS510 reacts with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, CD284) that is associated with MD2. TLRs are expressed by various cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. TLRs are class I receptors, with a single ?-helix that spans the cell membrane. They recognize and respond to molecules derived from bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, peptidoglycan fragments from bacterial cell walls and single-stranded and double-stranded RNA from viruses. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4; CD284) has been identified, next to MD-2 and CD14, as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to LPS of Gram-negative bacteria. TLR4 is unique among TLRs in its ability to activate two distinct signaling pathways; one pathway is activated by the adaptors TIRAP (Toll/interleukin-1- receptor (TIR)-domain-containing adaptor protein) and MyD88, which leads to the induction of proâinflammatory cytokines. The second pathway is activated by the adaptors TRIF (TIR-domaincontaining adaptor protein inducing interferonâβ) and TRAM (TRIFrelated adaptor molecule), which leads to the induction of type I interferons. MD-2 exists as a cell surface protein in association with TLR4. It also exists as secreted forms consisting of MD-2 monomer and multimers. Circulating sMD-2 is mainly present as a doublet of ~20 and 25 kD, representing differentially glycosylated forms. Unlike TLR4, sMD-2 binds directly LPS without the need of soluble CD14 (sCD14). However, LPS-MD-2 interactions are increased when LPS is pretreated with CD14. Only monomeric sMD-2 is biologically active and able to associate with TLR4 and LPS. sMD-2 circulates in plasma of healthy individuals as a non-active, polymeric protein. In septic plasma, the total amount of sMD-2 was strongly elevated and contained both sMD-2 polymers and monomers. Soluble MD-2 is proposed to be an important mediator of organ inflammation during sepsis. During experimental human endotoxemia, the monomeric and total sMD-2 content in plasma increased with the kinetics of an acute phase protein. This parallels enhanced TLR4 costimulatory activity. In vitro studies revealed that sMD-2 release appears to be restricted to endothelial and dendritic cells. The monoclonal antibody MTS510 reacts preferentially, especially in flow cytometry, with mouse TLR4 that is associated with MD-2. MTS510 is a TLR4 function-blocking antibody that is useful for studies on the role of TLR4 as a receptor for LPS induced cytokine production by TLR4 bearing cells. The antibody was shown to coprecipitate MD-2 (30 kDa) with TLR4 (100 kDa).
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. In Drosophila, toll is required for the anti-fungal response, while the related 18-wheeler is involved in antibacterial defenses. In mammals, TLR identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with pattern recognition capabilities, have been implicated in the innate host defense to pathogens. TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. A functional interaction between TLR2 and TLR6 in the cellular response to various bacterial products has been discovered. The currently accepted paradigm regards TLR2 as an essential receptor for many eubacterial cell wall components, including lipoproteins and peptidoglycan. Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2 (CD282). The monoclonal antibody TL2.3 is specific for human TLR2 (CD282). TL2.3 is useful for studies on the role of TLR2 as a pattern recognition receptor in microbial products induced cytokine production by TLR2 bearing cells such as human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The monoclonal antibody TL23 is cross reactive with canine TLR2.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TL2.3
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Flo; T et al. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 69: 474
References 2:
Schjetne, K et al J Immunol 2003, 171: 32
References 3:
Siedlar; M et al. J Immunol 2004; 173: 2736
References 4:
Tunheim G et al. Vaccine 2007; 25: 4723
References 5:
Burgener I et al. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 124: 184
The monoclonal antibody TL2.1 recognizes human Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2, CD282). Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and are involved in the innate defence to many pathogens. In Drosophila toll is required for the anti-fungal response, while the related 18-wheeler is involved in antibacterial defences. In mammals, TLRs are identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with pattern recognition capabilities. They have been implicated in the innate host defence to pathogens. TLR2 is expressed on macrophages, smooth muscle, lung, spleen, thymus, brain and adipose tissue.<br /> TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. A functional interaction between TLR2 and TLR6 in the cellular response to various bacterial products has been discovered. TLR2 cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins and other microbial cell wall components. It cooperates with TLR1 to mediate te innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. It acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-κ-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. TLR2 also promotes apoptosis in response to lipoproteins.<br /> Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, S. aureus, B Burgdorferi, T pallidum, M fermentans and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2.<br /> The monoclonal antibody TL2.1 is a TLR2 function blocking antibody that is useful for studies on the role of TLR2 as a pattern recognition receptor in microbial products induced cytokine production by TLR2 bearing cells such as human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TL2.1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lien; E et al. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 33419
References 2:
Flo, T et al J Leukoc Biol 2001, 69: 474
References 3:
Faure; E et al. J Immunol 2001; 166: 2018
References 4:
Droemann D et al. Histochem Cell Biol 2003; 119: 103
References 5:
Burgener I et al. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 124: 184
CD235a (Glycophorin A, GPA) is a transmembrane sialoglycoprotein expressed on erythrocytes and their precursors. Similarly to glycophorin B (GPB), these molecules provide the cells with a large mucin-like surface, which minimalizes aggregation between erythrocytes in the circulation. GPA is the carrier of blood group M and N specificities, while GPB accounts for S, s and U specificities. CD235a is a receptor of Hsa, an Streptococcus adhesin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HIR2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
CD41 (platelet glycoprotein IIb) is composed of two subunits (120 kDa a, alpha and 23 kDa b, beta) that interact with CD61 in the presence of calcium to form a functional adhesive protein receptor. Upon blood vessel damage, this receptor binds to a variety of proteins including von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, fibronectin and vitronectin. CD41 is mainly expressed on megakaryocyte-platelet lineage, but generally belongs to the antigens that are expressed during early stages of hematopoietic differentiation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HIP2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
CD41 (platelet glycoprotein IIb) is composed of two subunits (120 kDa a, alpha and 23 kDa b, beta) that interact with CD61 in the presence of calcium to form a functional adhesive protein receptor. Upon blood vessel damage, this receptor binds to a variety of proteins including von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, fibronectin and vitronectin. CD41 is mainly expressed on megakaryocyte-platelet lineage, but generally belongs to the antigens that are expressed during early stages of hematopoietic differentiation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HIP8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Monoclonal antibody mT2.7 reacts with mouse Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2, CD282). Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. In Drosophila toll is required for the anti-fungal response, while the related 18-wheeler is involved in antibacterial defenses. In mammals, TLR identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with pattern recognition capabilities, have been implicated in the innate host defense to pathogens. TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. A functional interaction between TLR2 and TLR6 in the cellular response to various bacterial products has been discovered. The currently accepted paradigm regards TLR2 as an essential receptor for many eubacterial cell wall components, including lipoproteins and peptidoglycan. Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2. The monoclonal antibody mT2.7 stained overexpressed, as well as endogenous cell surface- and intracellular TLR2. The antibody does not affect cell activation through TLR2.
The monoclonal antibody CRAM-18 F26 recognizes junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) also known as JAM-2, a 45 kD cell adhesion molecule (CAM). JAM-C is a transmembrane protein which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily found at intercellular junctions of endothelial cells. JAM-C belongs together with JAM-A (JAM or JAM-1) and JAM-B (VE-JAM or JAM-3) to a family of adhesion proteins with a V-C2 immunoglobulin domain organization. JAM plays an important role in tight junctions where it is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion through homophilic interaction. It codistributes with other tight junction components as ZO-1, 7H6 antigen, cingulin and occludin. JAM-C is potentially involved in the junctional sealing of the vascular endothelium, in particular of high endothelial venules (HEV). In adult murine tissue JAM-C expression is reported to be restricted to high endothelial venules of lymphoid organs, lymphoendothelial cells and endothelial cells in kidney. Monoclonal antibody CRAM-18 F26 also reacts with human JAM-C. In humans, JAM-C expression is not restricted to endothelial cells, but is also expressed on human lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CRAM-18 F26
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Aurrand-Lions; M et al. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 2733
LAT (linker for activation of T cells) is a 36-38 kDa double-palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed by T cells, pre-B cells, NK cells, mast cells and platelets. After immunoreceptor triggering, LAT becomes multiply tyrosine-phosphorylated by Syk-, Src-, or Tec-family kinases, providing docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. LAT is essential for TCR-dependent T cell- and FcepsilonRI-dependent mast cell activation, as well as for maturation of early thymocytes. It is also involved in NK cell signaling and platelet activation. Immunoprecipitation: Tyrosine-phosphorylated form of LAT is not optimally recognized. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml, intracellular staining. Tyrosine-phosphorylated form of LAT is not optimally recognized.Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LAT-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
PAG (phosphoprotein associated with GEMs), also known as Cbp (Csk-binding protein), is a ubiquitously expressed 46 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein present in membrane rafts (glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains), which however migrates on SDS PAGE gels anomalously as an 80 kDa molecule. Following tyrosine phosphorylation by Src family kinases, PAG binds and thereby activates the protein tyrosine kinase Csk, the major negative regulator of the Src family kinases. Signaling via the B-cell receptor in B cells or high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) in mast cells leads to PAG increased tyrosine phosphorylation and Csk binding, while T cell receptor signaling causes PAG dephosphorylation, loss of Csk binding and increased activation of the protein tyrosine kinase Lck.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-255
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
SIT (SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein) is expressed exclusively in lymphoid organs and acts either as a positive or as a negative regulatory element in T cell activation and in T cell development. Binding to Grb2 plays a pivotal role in signal transduction. Hubener et al. (2001) determined that the SIT gene contains 5 exons and spans 1.8 kb of genomic DNA. The SIT promoter demonstrated strong transcriptional activity and potential binding sites for both ubiquitous and lymphoid-specific transcription factors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SIT-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
TRIM (T cell receptor-interacting molecule), also known as TRAT1 (T cell receptor associated transmembrane adaptor 1) is a 30 kDa protein expressed by T cells as a cystein-linked homodimer. It associates with TCR-CD3-zeta-chain complex and becomes phosphorylated by Src-family kinases. TRIM is potentially involved in negative regulation of TCR-mediated signaling, but its role remains unclear. Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml, intracellular staining. Western blotting: Non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TRIM-04
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The monoclonal antibody T2.5 recognizes human Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. At present, ligands for several of the TLR's, such as TLR2-6,9, have been identified, confirming their role in first line defense against invading microorganism. In mammals, TLRs are identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with an extracellular portion containing leucine-rich repeats with pattern recognition capabilities. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing proliferation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules and eventually toinitiation of adaptive immunity. TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. It is suggested that TLR2 is able to recognize such a wide variety of PAMPs (pathogen-specific molecular patterns) by forming heterodimers with other TLRs like e.g. TLR6. TLR2 is essential for recognizing lipopeptides and lipoproteins from several microorganisms and also peptidoglycans derived from gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2.
TU-02 reacts with the N-terminal domain of alpha-tubulin. Tubulin isotypes have been identified with tissue specific expression. Immunocytochemical studies using several mAbs revealed remarkable heterogeneity of tubulin within various nervous tissues. TU-02 reacts with tubulin in fixed tissues only, not in unfixed or live tissues or cells. Interphase microtubules are also stained by TU-02 in fixed tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-02
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dráber, P. et. al. Eur.J.Cell.Biol. 41: 82-88 (1986)
References 2:
Dráber, P. et. al. Histochemistry 87: 151-155 (1987)
References 3:
Dráber, P. et. al. J. Cell Science 92: 519-528 (1989)
References 4:
Smertenko et al. Eur. J. Cell. Biol. 72: 104-112 (1997)
The betaIII isoform of tubulin is present dominantly in cells of neuronal origin and it is one of the earliest markers of neuronal differentiation. It is regarded as a specific probe for the cells of neuronal origin as well as for the tumours originating from these cells. The betaIII-tubulin is most abundant in cells of neuronal origin, but was also detected in Sertoli cells of the testis and transiently in non-neuronal embryonic tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-20
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-16
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains.
The beta-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is counterpart of alpha-tubulin in tubulin heterodimer. It is coded by multiple tubulin genes and it is also posttranslationally modified. Heterogeneity of subunit is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-06
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The antibody TU-01 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 65-97) on N-terminal structural domain of alpha-tubulin. The microtubules are intracellular dynamic polymers made up of evolutionarily conserved polymorphic alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimers and a large number of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The microtubules consist of 13 protofilaments and have an outer diameter 25 nm. Microtubules have their intrinsic polarity; highly dynamic plus ends and less dynamic minus ends. Microtubules are required for vital processes in eukaryotic cells including mitosis, meiosis, maintenance of cell shape and intracellular transport. Microtubules are also necessary for movement of cells by means of flagella and cilia. In mammalian tissue culture cells microtubules have their minus ends anchored in microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). The GTP (guanosintriphosphate) molecule is an essential for tubulin heterodimer to associate with other heterodimers to form microtubule. In vivo, microtubule dynamics vary considerably. Microtubule polymerization is reversible and a populations of microtubules in cells are on their minus ends either growing or shortening – this phenomenon is called dynamic instability of microtubules. On a practical level, microtubules can easily be stabilized by the addition of non-hydrolysable analogues of GTP (eg. GMPPCP) or more commonly by anti-cancer drugs such as Taxol. Taxol stabilizes microtubules at room temperature for many hours. Using limited proteolysis by enzymes both tubulin subunits can be divided into N-terminal and C-terminal structural domains. The alpha-tubulin (relative molecular weight around 50 kDa) is globular protein that exists in cells as part of soluble alpha/beta-tubulin dimer or it is polymerized into microtubules. In different species it is coded by multiple tubulin genes that form tubulin classes (in human 6 genes). Expressed tubulin genes are named tubulin isotypes. Some of the tubulin isotypes are expressed ubiquitously, while some have more restricted tissue expression. Alpha-tubulin is also subject of numerous post-translational modifications. Tubulin isotypes and their posttranslational modifications are responsible for multiple tubulin charge variants - tubulin isoforms. Heterogeneity of alpha-tubulin is concentrated in C-terminal structural domain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Viklicky V, et al. Cell Biol Int Rep. 1982 Aug;6(8):725-31
References 2:
Grimm M, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Jul 24;914(1):83-8.
References 3:
Linhartova I, et al. Biochem J. 1992 Dec 15;288 ( Pt 3):919-24.
References 4:
Draber P, et al. Eur J Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;41(1):82-8
Mab 414 reacts with myosin-containing elements in most cell types. Antigen localization: cytoplasm In Western blot experiments the antibody reacts with a 75kD part of the heavy chain (epitope location on a myosin-common site-chain), no reaction with light chains. <br>It is not reactive with alpha-cardiac myosin. Positive control: muscle, myofibrils (chicken)
In paraffin sections antibody pm 43 recognizes only myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In frozen sections it also reacts with myelin in the central nervous system (CNS). Is useful for studying myelination and demyelination processes in the PNS, and remyelination processes in the CNS as can be observed after trauma in multiple sclerosis. Reacts with a 43 kD protein in immunoblotting. Positive control: Peripheral nerve.
Mab 647 is useful for studying the intracellular distribution and structure of actin in the cytoskeletal system. In immunoblotting one single band is reactive corresponding to actin. Positive control: Muscle or myofibrils.
The monoclonal antibody 103-A1 recognizes mouse nectin-3. Nectin-3 is a 83 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein. Nectin, originally isolated as poliovirus receptor-related protein (PRR), is a cell-cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin supergene family. Nectins are calciumindependent immunoglobulin-like cell-cell adhesion molecules consisting of four members, nectin 1-4. Nectins homophilically and heterophilically trans-interact to form a variety of cell-cell junctions, including cadherin-based adherens junctions in epithelial cells and fibroblasts in culture, synaptic junctions in neurons, and Sertoli cell-spermatid junctions in testis, in cooperation with, or independently of, cadherins. Both nectin-2 and nectin-3 are ubiquitously expressed, whereas nectin-1 is abundantly expressed in brain. Nectin-2 and -3 are expressed in cells where cadherin is not expressed, such as blood cells and spermatids. All members of the nectin family have two or three splice variants. For nectin-3, three isoforms exist: nectin-3?, -3β and -3g of which nectin-3? is the largest. Nectin-3, also known as PRR3, is a transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed in testis and placental tissues as well in many cell lines. Nectin interacts in vivo with both long and short isoforms of afadin, an actin binding protein, at cadherin-based cell-cell adherence junctions in various tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the ectodomains of nectin-3 and CD155 (Poliovirus Receptor) have shown strong affinity to each other. Injection of antibody 103-A1 into lumen of seminiferous tubules leads to disruption of the actin filaments in Sertoli cells at the Sertoli-maturing spermatid ectoplasmic specialization and exfoliation of maturing spermatids form the seminiferous epithelium.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
103-A1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Satoh-Horikawa; K et al. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 10291
DOG1 is a calcium-dependent chloride channel protein that is encoded by a gene called TMEM16A (TMEM16 FLJ10261, ANO1, ORAOV2, and AOS2) located on chromosome 11q13. DOG1 has many significant functions such as regulation of the cholinergic activity of gastrointestinal smooth muscle 2 and regulation of both the survival and proliferation of cells. Anti-DOG1 antibody has been shown to be useful in the identification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP31
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kang HG, et al. Mod Pathol. 2011; 24:866-77
References 2:
Rizzo FM, et al. BMC Cancer. 2016; 16:87
References 3:
Katoh M, et al.Int J Oncol. 2003; 22:1375-81
References 4:
Stanich JE, et al. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011; 1044-51
Anti-myeloperoxidase detects granulocytes and monocytes in blood and precursors of granulocytes in the bone marrow. This antibody can detect myeloid cell populations of the bone marrow as well as in other sites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP72
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pinkus GS, et al. Mod Pathol. 1991; 4:733-41
References 2:
Chang CC, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2000; 114:807-11
References 3:
Kaleem Z, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001; 115:876-84
References 4:
Audouin J, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003; 11:271-82
The monoclonal antibody DCN47.5 reacts with the C-type lectin, DC-SIGN (CD209), exclusively expressed on human dendritic cells (DC). DC are specialized antigen presenting cells and bridge the innate and the adaptive immune system. They provide high levels of costimulation necessary for activation of both naïve and antigen-experienced T-cells. Immature DC are capable to migrate to inflammatory sites, capture antigen and process it internally to form MHC-peptide complexes. Following antigen uptake, DC undergo maturation and migrate to lymphoid organs where they can present MHC-peptide complexes to resting T-cells and drive T-cell proliferation. During differentiation and maturation of DC, several phenotypic surface markers are expressed: CD1a, CD4, CD11, CD40, CD86, and HLA-DR. Immature DC predominantly express CCR5 which enables DC to migrate to inflammatory sites, whereas mature DC express high levels of CXCR4, a receptor that facilitates migration to lymphoid organs.</br> DC also express DC-specific, ICAM-3 grabbing, nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), a 44 kDa C-type lectin that binds to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120, ICAM-3 on T-cells and ICAM-2 on endothelial cells. HIV virions are able to infect cells expressing CD4 and the chemokine co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4 and can attach to DC-SIGN to extend virion lifespan. Therefore, DC are candidates for HIV-1 infection. DC-SIGN-ICAM-3 binding is integrin-independent but calcium-dependent and antibodies reactive against DC-SIGN can be used to study DC-SIGN-ICAM3 binding.</br> The monoclonal antibody DCN47.5 specifically reacts with the C-type lectin DC-SIGN (CD209) expressed on human dendritic cells and inhibits binding of DC-SIGN to ICAM-2 on endothelial cells.
The monocolonal antibody 314G8 reacts with human mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecules-1 (MAdCAM-1), a key player in mediating the infiltration of leukocytes into chronically inflamed tissue. MAdCAM-1 is a cell-surface Ig superfamily member composed of two extracellular Ig domains, followed by a mucin-like domain, a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmatic domain. It interacts via its N-terminal Ig domain with the lymphocyte homing receptor alpha4beta7, which plays a critical role in forming the gut-associated lymphoid system. MAdCAM-1 promotes the adhesion of T- and B cells, monocytes/macrophages, and potentially eosinophils, basophils, and differentiated mast cells to the vascular endothelium. Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 RNA transcripts are predominantly expressed in the small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, colon and spleen; and are very weakly expresssed in human pancreas and brain. The monocolonal antibody 314G8 recognizes a site in the N-terminal Ig domain of MAdCAM-1. The monoclonal antibody 314G8 detects MAdCAM-1 on venules in the spleen and small intestine. MAdCAM-1 is strongly expressed in the synovium of osteoarthritis patients, predominantly on the endothelial lining of blood vessels, but also within the vessel lumen. The monoclonal antibody 314G8 may be useful in diagnosis of inflammation in humans by monitoring the presence and levels of MAdCAM-1.
Androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the steroid receptor superfamily that is essential for the growth of prostate cancer cells. Ithas been reported that tyrosine phosphorylation of AR is induced by growth factors and elevated in hormone-refractory prostate tumors. Data suggest that growth factors and their downstream tyrosinekinases, which are elevated during hormone-ablation therapy, can induce tyrosine phosphorylation of AR. Such modification may be important for prostate tumor growth under androgen-depletedconditions. Cellular signaling occurs following androgen binding tothe AR and translocation to the nucleus. This activated complex associates with androgen-responsive elements contained in the DNAsequence of target genes, affecting the transcriptional activity of these genes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP120
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Horie K, et al.Hum Reprod, 1992, 7:1461-1466
References 2:
Loda M, et al.: Mod Pathol, 1994, 7:388-391
References 3:
Miyamoto H, et al.: Prostate, 2004, 61:332-353
References 4:
Guo Z, et al.: Cancer Cell, 2006, 10:309-319
References 5:
Callewaert L, et al.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2003, 306:46-52
Acute humoral rejection is mediated by antibodies to the donor endothelium that activate the classical complement pathway. This leads to a number of split products of complement proteins. C4d is a fragment of C 4 complement released during activation of the classic complement pathway by the antigen antibody complex. C4d deposits in peritubular capillaries and is regarded as an indirect sign of an antibody response. C4d can be a useful tool for indicating acute renal allograft rejection
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP91
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jianghua C, et al. Clin Transplant. 2005; 19:785-91
References 2:
Kayler LK, et al. Transplantation. 2008; 85:813-20
References 3:
Ranjan P, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant .2008; 23:1735-41
References 4:
Seemayer CA, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007; 22:568-76
References 5:
Bouron-Dal Soglio D, et al. Hum Pathol. 2008; 39:1103-10
MUC4 (mucin 4) is a large membrane-anchored glycoprotein of the mucin family that is expressed by epithelial cells in various normal tissues including lung, bronchus, stomach, colon, and cervix. MUC4 is generally not detected in normal pancreas, but is expressed in the vast majority of pancreatic neoplasms, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Additionally, expression in various carcinomas has been reported, including gastric adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8G7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Moniaux N, et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2004; 52:253-61
STAT6, a member of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family, has been found to form recurrent fusions with NAB2 on chromosome 12q13 in the majority of solitary fibrous tumors.1- 3 Inactivated STAT6 can be found in the form of a dimer located in the cytoplasm. STAT6 and NAB2 fusion enables cytosolic STAT6 to migrate to the nucleus and thus allowing for detection in immunohistochemical assays. NAB2-STAT6 fusion transcriptions have been reported in the majority of solitary fibrous tumors but not in meningiomas, hemangioblastomas, schwannomas, and hemangiomas. This makes STAT6 a useful marker in distinguishing solitary fibrous tumors from other morphologically similar tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP325
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cheah AL, et al. Pathology. 2014; 46:389-95
References 2:
Schweizer L, et al. Acta Neuropathol. 2013; 125:651-58
References 3:
Koelsche C, et al. Histopathology. 2014; 65:613-22
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) is a member of the Ser/Thrprotein kinase family. It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinasecomplex that is important for cellcycle G1 phase progression. The activity of this kinase is restricted to the G1-S phase, which is controlled by the regulatory subunits D- type cyclins and CDK inhibitor p16 (INK4a). Overexpression of CDK4 has been observed in many tumor types, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and cancers of the pancreatic (endocrine tumors), lung, breast and colon. The expression of CDK4 is associated with tumor progression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP180
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Harbour JW, et al.: Cell 1999, 98:859-869
References 2:
Wikman H, et al.: Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005, 42:193-199
References 3:
Poomsawat S, et al.: J Oral Pathol Med 2010, 39:793-799
References 4:
Lindberg D, et al.: Neuroendocrinology 2007, 86:112-118
Sry-related HMG-BOX gene 10, SOX-10, is a transcription factor involved in neural crest and peripheral nervous system development, and acts as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein. SOX-10 is expressed in melanocytic lineages, and is a sensitive marker of melanoma for conventional, and desmoplastic subtypes. In normal tissues, SOX-10 is expressed in melanocytes, and myoepithelial cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP268
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rehberg S, et al. Mol Cell Biol. 2002; 22:5826-34
References 2:
Nonaka D, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.2008; 32:1291-8
References 3:
Nielsen TO, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2012; 20:445-50
References 5:
Miettinen M, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015; 39:826-35
The oncogenic transcription factor, c-MYC, has a crucial role in growth control, differentiation, cellular metabolism and apoptosis and is associated with variety of tumors. MON 3393 stains this protein in tissues from colorectal adenocarcinoma, breast invasive ductal carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and diffused large B-cell lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP121
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
GATA binding protein 3 or GATA3, is a zinc finger transcription factor and plays an important role in promoting and directing cell proliferation, development, and differentiation in many tissues and cell types.1 The human GATA3 gene has been mapped to chromosome 10p15.3 GATA3 expression is primarily seen in breast carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. Anti-GATA3 can also be useful in the identification of unknown primary carcinoma when carcinomas of the breast or bladder are a possibility
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
L50-823
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Higgins JP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:673-80
Langerin is a type II transmembrane C-type lectin associated with the formation of Birbeck granules in Langerhans cells. The demonstration of langerin immunoreactivity is considered an adjunct or alternative to CD1a antigen expression as evidence to aid in the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Evaluation of langerin expression is valuable in circumstances where a diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is suspected, but cannot be confirmed due to lack of CD1a immunoreactivity. A panel of antibodies against CD1a, langerin, CD21, CD23, CD35 and S100 is very useful in the distinction of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, histiocytic sarcoma, interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, disseminated juvenile xanthogranuloma, and Rosai-Dorfman disease (sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
12D6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Adenovirus infection is associated with a broad spectrum of clinical disease in both children and adults. It has gained more attention as an important complication in patients who have undergone bone marrow or solid organ transplantation. The incidence of adenovirus infection in bone marrow transplant patients has been reported at 5-20%. Adenovirus infection on morphology should be differentially diagnosed from other virus infections, especially CMV infection. Anti-adenovirus can assist in this differential diagnosis by showing a round or crescent-shaped nuclear inclusion, generally within the surface epithelium and is exclusively intra-nuclear in location.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
20/11 & 2/6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
son, MG. Clin Infect Dis. 2006; 43: 3319
References 2:
Shayan K, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2003;127:1615-8
Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a sialylated Lewis A blood group antigen. It is synthesized by glycosyltransferases and has been identified as a component of gangliosides, glycoproteins and mucins. Anti-CA19-9 reacts with epithelial cells of normal pancreas, stomach, and colon as well as various adenocarcinomas, including pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
121SLE
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Encabo G, et al., Bull cancer (Paris) 1986;73:256-9
References 2:
Wu E, et al. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2013; 11:535
References 3:
Partyka K, et al. Proteomics. 2012; 12:2212-20
References 4:
Remmers N, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2013; 19:1981-93
PAX-8 is a transcription factor expressed during embryonic development of Müllerian organs, kidney, and thyroid, with continued expression in some epithelial cell types of these mature tissues.1 It can be useful for marking several types of carcinoma including ovarian serous carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and papillary thyroid carcinoma.1-5 Additionally, PAX-8 is not found in the epithelial cells of the breast, lung, mesothelium, stomach, colon, pancreas and other sites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-50
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ozcan A, et al. Mod Pathol. 2011; 24:751-64
References 2:
Laury AR, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011; 35:816-26
References 3:
Nonaka, D et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:1566-71
SOX-11 which is a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family is a transcription factor normally expressed in the developing human central nervous system and plays a role in embryonic cell determination. Studies show that SOX-11 can be used as a marker for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) accounts for 5% to 10% of mature B-cell neoplasms and is an aggressive disease genetically characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), an important regulator of the G1/S phase of the cell cycle, due to the specific translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-58
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The antibody abels a 50kDa, multiple myeloma oncogen-1 (MUM1) protein. MUM1 is encoded by the MUM1/IRF-4 gene, which is mapped to 6q23-25 and identified as a myeloma-associated oncogene. It is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors and plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in response to signaling by interferon and other cytokines. MUM1 positive cells express the protein in the nucleus in a diffuse and microgranular pattern. However, some positivity is also observed in the cytoplasm of MUM1-expressing cells. In normal/reactive lymphoid tissues, such as lymph node, this antibody stains plasma cells, some B-cells in the light zone of terminal centers, and a subset of T-cells (T-cells in germinal centers and interfollicular areas). Anti-MUM1 antibody can stain other B-cell lymphomas such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma /leukemia, primary effusion lymphoma, DLBCL, Burkitt-like lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-43
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Grossman A, et al. Genomics. 1996; 37:229-33
References 2:
Neresh KN. Haematologica. 2007; 92:267-8
References 3:
Van Imhoff GW, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24:4135-42
References 4:
Gualco G, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2010; 18:301-10
Napsin is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase in the A1 clan of the AA clade of proteinases. There are two closely related napsins, napsin A (NAPSA) and napsin B (NAPSB). Napsin A is involved in processing propeptide pulmonary surfactant protein B (proSP-B) in the lung. In normal tissue, Napsin A is expressed in type II pneumocytes of the lung and proximal tubules of the kidney. Napsin A is a useful marker for lung adenocarcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-60
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jagirdar J. Arch Pathol Lab Med.; 132:384-96 (2008)
References 2:
Bishop JA, et al.. Hum Pathol.; 41:20-5 (2010)
References 3:
Ye J, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol.; 19:313-17 (2011)
References 4:
Mukhopadhyay S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 35:15-25 (2011)
References 5:
Rawlings ND and Salvesen GS. Academic Press.; p.69-71 (2013)
Thrombomodulin is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of 575 amino acids (molecular weight 75 kD) with natural anticoagulant properties. It is normally expressed by a restricted number of cells, such as endothelial and mesothelial cells. In addition, synovial lining and syncytiotrophoblasts of human placenta also express thrombomodulin. Antithrombomodulin has demonstrated positivity in benign vascular tumors such as hemangioma and most malignant vascular tumors (Kaposis sarcoma and epitheliod hemangioendothelioma). Hence, anti-thrombomodulin serves as a sensitive marker for lymphatic endothelial cells and their tumors. There has also been recent interest in the use of antithrombomodulin as an immunohiostochemical marker for mesothelial cells and malignant mesotheliomas. Anti-thrombomodulin is immunoexpressed in a variety of other tumors including urothelial cell carcinomas
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1009
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Acebo E, et al. Histol. Histopath. 2001; 16:1031-6
References 2:
Appleton MA, et al. Histopathology. 1996; 29:153-7
References 3:
Attanoos RL, et al. Histopathology. 1996; 29:209-15
References 4:
Attanoos RL, et al. Histopathology. 2001; 39:584-8
Immunohistochemical methods have localized chromogranin in a wide variety of endocrine tissues including the pituitary, pancreas, thyroid, and parathyroid. Neuroendocrine cells exhibit a fine granular immunoreactivity to chromogranin. It is generally accepted that the co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin mean neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong chromogranin staining and absence of keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LK2H10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wilson, BS, et al., Am J Pathol; 115:458-468 (1984)
References 2:
Lyda MH, Weiss LM. Hum Pathol. 31(8):980-7 (2000)
References 3:
ontochristopoulous GJ et al. Dermatology.; 201(2):123-6 (2000)
References 4:
Qvigstad G et al. Histochem J.; 32(9):551-6 (2000)
CD71, also known as transferrin receptor, is a membrane glycoprotein that mediates the uptake of iron from transferrin for hemoglobin synthesis in erythroid cells. Early erythroid precursors and erythroblasts contain the highest mass of transferrin receptors, and expression is lost as these cells cease hemoglobin synthesis and mature into erythrocytes. Therefore, anti-CD71 is a useful marker for highlighting erythroid precursors in bone marrow specimens. Increased CD71 expression is also associated with active cell growth including neoplastic tumor growth and may be seen in various carcinomas such as thyroid carcinomas, lung carcinomas, breast carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinomas and colorectal carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-48
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ponka P, et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1999; 31:1111-1137
References 2:
Sieff C, et al. Blood. 1982; 60:703-713
References 3:
Lesley J, et al. Cell Immunol.1984; 83:14-25
References 4:
Nakahata T, et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 1994; 13:401-409
References 5:
Marsee DK, et al. Am J Clin Pathology. 2010; 13:429-435
CD23 antigen is a 45-60 kDa membrane glycoprotein identified as a low affinity receptor for IgE production as well as a receptor for lymphocyte growth factor. CD23 is found in some mature B-cell lymphomas and in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease. Follicular dendritic cells and some activated B-cells within germinal centers express CD23 in high density and mantle zone B-cells are stained weakly. The majority of chronic lymphocytic leukemias/small lymphocytic lymphomas are CD23 positive, whereas mantle cell lymphomas are generally negative, so this marker is useful when applied with other markers to separate the small cell lymphomas. Precursor B and T lymphomas, myeloid neoplasms, and mature T-cell lymphomas are CD23 negative and other small cell lymphomas are occasionally positive. CD23 is also positive on activated mature B-cells expressing IgM or IgD, monocytes/ macrophages, follicular dendritic cells, T-cell subsets, eosinophils, Langerhans cells and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL/CLL).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-57
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
CD34 is a cell surface glycophosphoprotein expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells and can be used for identifying blast cells. CD34 is a marker for vascular endothelial cells and has been shown in literature to be highly sensitive for angiosarcomas and Kaposi's sarcomas. In addition, CD34 is expressed in soft tissue tumors such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
QBEnd/12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Civin, CL, et al., London Academic Press 1989:818-825
References 2:
Fina, L et al., Blood 1990;75:2417-2426
References 3:
Torlakovic G et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002 Jul;126(7):823-8
References 4:
Salizzoni M et al. Transplantation 2003 Sep 15;76(5):844-8
References 5:
Fanburg-Smith JC et al. Mod Pathol. 2003 Mar;16(3):263-71
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ?-herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 5) that causes widespread persistent infection. CMV continues to be an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. It is estimated that 30% of transplant recipients experience CMV disease. The range of organ involvement in post-transplant CMV disease is wide; hepatitis occurs in 40% of liver transplant recipients, and pneumonitis is more frequently seen in heart and heart-lung transplant patients. Other organs that are commonly affected are the gastrointestinal tract and the peripheral and central nervous systems. Histologic diagnosis of CMV in fixed tissues usually rests on identifying characteristic cytopathic effects including intranuclear inclusions, cytoplasmic inclusions, or both, especially in the endothelial cells. However, histologic examination lacks sensitivity, and in some cases atypical cytopathic features can be confused with reactive or degenerative changes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8B1.2,1G5.2&2D4.2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Drummer, JS et al. J Infect Dis 1985; 152:1182-1191
References 2:
Cote, L et al. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31:2066-2069
Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin.1,2 To distinguish bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) from muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. Therefore, the staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors.3-8 Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
R4A
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
van der Loop, FT et al. J Cell Biol 1996; 134:401-411
S100P is a member of the S100 family of proteins. The family is expressed in a wide range of cells and is thought to play a role in cell cycle progression and in differentiation. Anti-S100P with nuclear or nuclear/cytoplasmic immunoreactivity can be seen in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, while it is rarely detectable in benign pancreatic ducts. It may also help to distinguish urothelial carcinomas from other genitourinary neoplasms such as prostate carcinoma
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
16/f5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lin F, et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32:78-91
References 2:
Deng HB. Am J Clin Pathol 2008; 129:81-8
References 3:
Nakata K et al. Hum Pathol 2010; 41:824-31
References 4:
Higgins JP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2007; 31:673-80
CD33, also known as gp67 or SIGLEC-3, is a 67 kDa glycosylated transmembrane protein that is a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec) family. Although the precise physiological function of CD33 is unknown, it may mediate cell to cell adhesion and modulate inflammatory and immune response. In normal tissue, anti-CD33 labels myeloid cells (especially myeloid precursors), liver Kupffer cells, lung alveolar macrophages, and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. In neoplastic tissue, anti-CD33 is useful for the identification of acute myeloid leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PWS44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Freeman SD, et al. Blood. 1995; 85:2005-12
References 2:
Laszlo GS, et al. Oncotarget. 2016; 7:43281-94
References 3:
Crocker, PR et al. Biochem Soc Symp 2002; 69:83-96
CD11c is an adhesion receptor of the leukocyte function-associated family of molecules. Reportedly CD11c is expressed in hairy cell leukemia whereas the majority of other small B-cell lymphomas do not express CD11c antigen. This indicates that immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed biopsies with anti-CD11c can be useful for identification of hairy cell leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
5D11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Korinna, J et al. Pathobiology 2008; 75:252256
References 2:
Jones, G et al. Br J Hemaetol 2011; 156:186-195
References 3:
Went, PT et al. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29:474478
References 4:
Miranda, RN et al. Modern Pathology 2000; 13:13081314
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is the glycolytic isoenzyme of the enolase gamma-gamma dimer specifically detected in neurons of neuroendocrine cells, and their corresponding tumors. In addition, NSE has been demonstrated immunohistochemically in the non-neoplastic cells of the pituitary, peptide secreting tissues, pineolocytes, neuroendocrine cells of the lung, thyroid, parafollicular cells, adrenal medulla, islets of Langerhans, Merkel cells of the skin, and melanocytes. Anti-NSE immunostaining is also positive in normal striated muscle, hepatocytes and, to a lesser extent, smooth muscle. Anti-NSE is a useful marker to identify peripheral nerves.5 When used for the identification of neuroendocrine differentiation, it is suggested that it be employed in a panel with more specific markers such as anti-synaptophysin, anti-chromogranin, and anti-neurofilament.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-55
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wick MR, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1983; 79:703-7
References 2:
Vinores SA, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1984; 108:536-40
Human germinal center associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein is specifically expressed in the cytoplasm of germinal center B-cells, but is absent in mantle and marginal zone B-cells and in the interfollicular and paracortical regions in normal tonsils and lymph nodes. Its high degree of specificity for germinal center B-cells makes anti-HGAL an ideal marker for the detection of germinal center-derived B-cell lymphomas. Anti-HGAL has the highest overall sensitivity of detecting follicular lymphoma (FL) and in detecting the interfollicular and diffuse components of FL compared with antibodies against bcl2, LMO2, CD10, and bcl6. The addition of anti-HGAL to the immunohistologic panel is beneficial in the work-up of nodal and extranodal B-cell lymphomas, and the efficacy of anti-HGAL in detecting the follicular, interfollicular, and diffuse components of FL is of particular value in the setting of variant immunoarchitectural patterns
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-49
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Natkunam Y, et al. Blood. 2005; 105:397986
References 2:
Natkunam Y, et al. Blood. 2007; 109:298-305
References 3:
Younes SF, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:1266-76
References 4:
Higgins RA, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:441-6
T-bet, a T-box transcription factor, is expressed in CD4+ T-lymphocytes committed to T-helper (Th)1 Tcell development from naïve T-helper precursor cells (Thp) and redirects Th2 T-cells to Th1 development. Anti-T-bet is a marker of mature T-cells and is expressed at very low levels in Thp cells and is absent in precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cells. Scattered small lymphocytes in the interfollicular T-cell zone of reactive lymphoid tissue, including tonsil, lymph node, and spleen exhibited nuclear staining for anti-T-bet, with no anti-T-bet staining observed in germinal centers or mantle or marginal zones. T-bet is expressed in a significant subset of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly at an early stage of B-cell development (precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma), and B-cell neoplasms derived from mature B-cells, including CLL/SLL, marginal zone lymphoma, and hairy cell leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-46
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Szabo SJ, et al. Cell. 2000; 100:665-69
References 2:
Jöhrens K, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:1181-5
References 3:
Atayar C, et al. Am J Pathol. 2005; 166:127-34
References 4:
Dorfman DM, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004; 122:292-7
IgG4-related sclerosing disease has been recognized as a systemic disease entity characterized by an elevated serum IgG4 level, sclerosing fibrosis, and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with the presence of many IgG4-positive plasma cells. Clinical manifestations are apparent in the pancreas, bile duct, gall bladder, lacrimal gland, salivary gland, retroperitoneum, kidney, lung, breast, thyroid, and prostate. Immunohistochemical analyses in the case of IgG4-related sclerosing disease not only exhibit significantly more than normal IgG4-positive plasma cells in affected tissues but also significantly higher IgG4/IgG ratios (typically > 30%).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sakata N, et al., Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:553-9
References 2:
Dhobale S, et al., J Clin Rheumatol. 2009; 15:354-7
References 3:
Li Y, et al., Pathol Int. 2009; 59:636-41
References 4:
Koyabu M et al., J Gastroenterol. 2010; 45:732-41
References 5:
Kamisawa T, et al., World J Gastroenterol. 2009; 21:2357-60
CD1a is a non-polymorphic, major histocompatibility complex, class I-related cell surface glycoprotein (45 to 55 kDa) and is expressed in association with ?-microglobulin. In normal tissues, anti-CD1a reacts with cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells, interdigitating cells, and rare antigen-presenting cells of the lymph node. CD1a positivity has also been seen in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X), and a subset of pre-T lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (cortical T LBL/L).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP3622
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krenacs L, et al. J Pathol. 1993; 171:99-104
References 2:
Angel CE, et al. Blood. 2009; 113:1257-67
References 3:
Emile JF, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995; 19:636-41
References 4:
Stefano, AP et al. Br J Haematol. 1999; 105:394-401
CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is a calcium-independent homophilic binding protein that belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. CD56 is involved in cellcell adhesion of neural cells during embryogenesis and is expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues.1-3 In normal tissue, anti-CD56 labels neurons, glia, schwann cells, NK (natural killer) cells, and a subset of T-cells.3 CD56 expression can be seen in most NK cell neoplasms, certain subtypes of T-cell lymphoma and in some plasma cell neoplasms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-42
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Langdon, SP et al. Cancer Research 1988; 48(21):6161-6165
References 2:
Kaufmann, O et al. Hum Pathol. 1997 Dec; 28(12): 1373-8
References 3:
Tao, J et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 Jan; 26(1):111-8
References 4:
Ely, SA et al. Am J Pathol. 2002 Apr; 160(4): 1293-9
References 5:
Sumi, M et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Jan; 44(1): 201-4
Wilms tumor 1 protein (WT1) is a zinc finger transcription factor, normally expressed in tissues of mesodermal origin. The Wilms tumor gene encodes a protein that functions as a tumor suppressor gene. WT1 is detected in tumor cells of Wilms Tumor (also known as nephroblastoma) and mesothelioma. Additionally, WT1 expression has been found in ovarian serous carcinomas and some breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6F-H2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Charles AK; Moore IE; Berry PJ. Histopathology ; 30(4):312-4 (1997)
References 2:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol 24(4):598-606, (2000)
References 3:
Foster MR, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med; 125:1316-20 (2001)
References 4:
Nakatsuka S, et al. Mod Pathol; 19:804-14 (2006)
References 5:
May RJ, et al. Clin Cancer Res.; 13: 4547-55 (2007)
Villin is an actin-binding glycoprotein that serves an important role in the maintenance of the microvilli brush border in gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal epithelium and its associated tumors. Recent immunohistochemical studies with villin have shown that villin is not only expressed in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, but also in renal cell carcinomas, pancreatic carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, as well as carcinomas of the ovary and lungs. In addition, positive villin expression may be seen in neuroendocrine/carcinoid tumors of the GI tract and lungs.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CWWB1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Robert W. Werling et al. Am J Surg. Path.2003; 27(3):303-310
References 2:
Tamboli P. et al Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:1057-1063
References 3:
Zhang P. J. et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1999;123:812-816
References 4:
Nishizuka S et al. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5243-50
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), a member of the human herpes virus family, causes two distinct clinical manifestations: chickenpox and shingles. Primary VZV infection results in chickenpox (varicella), which may rarely result in complications including encephalitis or pneumonia. Even when clinical symptoms of chickenpox have resolved, VZV remains dormant in the nervous system of the infected person (virus latency), in the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia. In about 10-20% of cases, VZV reactivates later in life producing a disease known as herpes zoster or shingles. Serious complications of shingles include postherpetic neuralgia, zoster multiplex, myelitis, herpes ophthalmicus, or zoster sine herpete. VZV is closely related to the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Affected skin shares so many histological similarities that distinguishing between them may be difficult. Immunohistochemistry with anti-VZV appears quite sensitive and specific on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in the distinction between HSV and VZV.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SG1-1, SG1-SG4, NCP-1 & IE-62 (7 clone cocktail)
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kleinschmidt D, et al. J Neurol Sci. 1998 Aug 14; 159(2):213-8
References 2:
Kaye SB, et al. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000 Jun;84(6):563-71
References 3:
A.F. Nikkels, et al. Virchows Archiv A pathol Anat. 1993; 422:121-126
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. In non-neoplastic mammalian urothelium, UPs are expressed in the luminal surface plasmalemma of superficial (umbrella) cells, forming complexes of 16nm crystalline particles. UPIII is specific for tumors of urothelial origin and, when used in combination with other markers, can aid in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AU-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Moll R, et al. Am J Pathol. 1995; 147:1383-97
References 2:
Olsburgh J, et al. J Pathol. 2003; 199:41-9
References 3:
Parker DC, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:1-10
References 4:
Ohtsuka Y, et al. BJU Int. 2006; 97:1322-6
References 5:
Logani S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Nov;27(11):1434-41
Tyrosinase is an enzyme, amongst a family of enzymes, which is involved in the biosynthesis of melanin. It is a highly specific and sensitive marker for melanocytic differentiation, and has been found to be quite specific for melanotic lesions such as malignant melanoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
T311
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kaufmann O, et al. Mod Pathol 1998 Aug; 11(8):740-6
References 2:
Meije CB; et al. J Pathol 2000 Apr; 190(5):572-8
References 3:
Kanitakis J et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2002 Dec;24(6):498-501
References 4:
Eudy GE et al. Hum Pathol. 2003 Aug;34(8):797-802
References 5:
Jaanson N et al. Melanoma Res. 2003 Oct;13(5):473-82
Anti-TTF-1 (Thyroid Transcription Factor 1) is useful in differentiating primary adenocarcinoma of the lung from metastatic carcinomas originating in the organs rather than thyroid, germ cell tumors, and malignant mesothelioma. It can also be used to differentiate small cell lung carcinoma from lymphoid infiltrates. TTF-1 labeling is also seen in thyroid and thyroid-derived tumors. TTF-1 immunostaining is useful in the differentiation between pulmonary and nonpulmonary origin of adenocarcinomas in malignant effusions. TTF-1 staining is very reliable in discerning whether a brain metastasis has arisen from a pulmonary or nonpulmonary site, particularly when dealing with adenocarcinomas and largecell carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
8G7G3/1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bejarano PA, et al. Mod Pathol. 1996; 9:445-52
References 2:
Di Loreto C, et al. Cancer Lett. 1998; 124:73-8
References 3:
Abutaily AS, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2002; 55:662-8
References 4:
Jang KY, et al. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2001; 23:400-4
Tryptases compose a subfamily of proteinases with trypsin-like activity that are mostly stored in mast cell secretory granules and released into the extracellular environment upon mast cell activation. Several biological functions for tryptases have been proposed, including involvement in inflammatory and allergic responses.1 Mature mast cells have a complex distribution throughout the body. Antitryptase is a useful marker for mast cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jordan JH et al. Hum Pathol. 2001 May;32(5):545-52
References 2:
Gordon LK et al. Clin Immunol. 2000 Jan;94(1):42-50
References 3:
Ghott A et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Jul;27(7):1013-9
References 4:
Aoki M et al. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003 Mar;130(3):216-23
References 5:
Fiorucci L, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004 Jun;61(11):1278-95
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the precursor of the iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Tg is a high molecular weight glycoprotein found in normal thyroid follicular cells. Thyroglobulin is useful for identifying thyroid carcinoma of papillary and follicular types and for identifying tumors of thyroid origin when working with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-41
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sellitti DF and Suzuki K. Thyroid. 2014; 24:625-38
References 2:
Bellet D, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 56:530-3
References 3:
Bejarano PA, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000; 8:189-94
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the precursor of the iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Tg is a high molecular weight glycoprotein found in normal thyroid follicular cells. Thyroglobulin is useful for identifying thyroid carcinoma of papillary and follicular types and for identifying tumors of thyroid origin when working with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2H11+6E1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sellitti DF and Suzuki K. Thyroid. 2014; 24:625-38
References 2:
Bellet D, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 56:530-3
References 3:
Bejarano PA, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000; 8:189-94
T-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 1 (TCL1, TCL1A, p14TCL1) is a 14 kDa product of the TCL1 gene that is involved in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). TCL1 protein is normally found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of lymphoid lineage cells during early embryogenesis. TCL1 is expressed in differentiated Bcells under both reactive and neoplastic conditions, antigen committed B-cells, and in germinal center B-cells. The Anti-TCL1 immunohistochemical reactivity is reportedly useful identifying B-cell lymphomas including follicular lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Takizawa J, et al. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1998; 89:712-8
References 2:
Narducci MG, et al. Cancer Res. 2000; 60:2095-100
References 3:
Rodig SJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:113-22
References 4:
Herling M, et al. Leukemia. 2006; 20:280-5
References 5:
Pescarmona E, et al. Histopathology. 2006; 49:343-8
Tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein that is present on the surface of many neoplastic cells, including adenocarcinomas of the breast, colon, and lung. TAG-72 is found in lung adenocarcinoma and is absent in mesothelioma, making the TAG-72 antibody useful in distinguishing adenocarcinoma from mesothelioma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B72.3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Thor, A, et al. Cancer Res 1986;46:3118
References 2:
Schlom J, et al. Tumormarker Oncology;1987;2:3
References 3:
Osteen KG et al. In J Gynecol Pathol. 1992 Jul;11(3):216-20
References 4:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998 Oct;22(10):1203-14
References 5:
Chhieng DC et al. Hum Pathol. 2003 Oct;34(10):1016-21
The antibody reacts with neuroendocrine cells of human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This antibody identifies normal neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Diffuse, finely granular, cytoplasmic staining is observed, which probably correlates with the distribution of the antigen within neurosecretory vesicles. The expression of synaptophysin is independent of the presence of NSE or other neuroendocrine markers. Antisynaptophysin is an independent, broad-range marker of neural and neuroendocrine differentiation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-40
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wiedenmann, B, et al. Cell 1985;41:1017-1028
References 2:
Navone, F et al. J Cell Biol 1986;103:2511-2527
References 3:
Lyda MH et al. Hum Pathol. 2000 Aug;31(8):980-7
References 4:
Skacel M et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000 Sep;8(3):302-9
SV40, Simian Virus 40 is a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans. Like other polyomaviruses, SV40 is a DNA virus that has the potential to cause tumors. SV40 is believed to suppress the transcriptional properties of tumor-suppressing p53 in humans through the SV40 large T-antigen and SV40 small T-antigen. It is generally assumed that large T-antigen is the major protein involved in neoplastic processes and the large T-antigen predominantly exerts its effect through deregulation of tumor suppressor p53, which is responsible for initiating regulated cell death (apoptosis), or cell cycle arrest when a cell is damaged. A mutated p53 gene may contribute to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, leading to a tumor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gurney, E.G., et al. J Virl. 34:752-763 (1980)
References 2:
Huang, H., Reis,R. et al. Brain Pathol., 9:33-42 (1999)
References 3:
Arrington, A.S., et al. Molecular and Clinical Perspectives; 461-489 (2001)
Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein which is found in muscles, red blood cells and red cell precursors. Anti-Spectrin antibody is useful in the identification of blood dyscrasias and muscle disorders.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RBC2/3D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sadahira, Y et al. J Clin Pathol. 1999 Dec; 52(12): 919-21
References 2:
Nehls, V et al. Am J Pathol. 1993 May; 142(5): 1565-73
References 3:
Muller M et al. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2001 Feb;48(1):51-7
References 4:
Terada N et al. J Anat. 1997 Apr;190(Pt 3):397-404
Smooth Muscle Myosin, heavy chain (SMMS-1) is a cytoplasmic structural protein that is a major component of the contractile apparatus of the smooth muscle cells. SMMS-1 is also a myoepitheliumassociated protein. Anti-SMMS-1 is a mouse monoclonal antibody to smooth muscle myosin, heavy chain that reacts with human visceral and vascular smooth muscle cells. The antibody also reacts with human myoepithelial cells. It is very helpful in distinguishing between benign sclerosing breast lesions and infiltrating carcinomas in difficult cases since it strongly stains the myoepithelial layer in the benign lesions while it is negative in the infiltrating carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SMMS-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Werling RW, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:82-90
References 2:
Agoff SN, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2001; 9:164-9
References 3:
Popnikolov NK, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003; 120:161-7
References 4:
Lazard D, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993; 90:999-1003
S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, Schwann cells, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands, as well as in glial cells.1,2,6 Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein, albeit non-uniformly.1-4 A large number of well differentiated tumors of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue, 3 and Schwann cell-derived tumors express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein.4,5 Despite the fact that S-100 protein is an ubiquitous substance, its demonstration is of great value in the identification of several neoplasms, particularly melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4C4.9
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakajima T, et al. Ad J Surg Path. 1982; 6:715-727
References 2:
Kuhn HJ, et al. Am J Clin Path. 1983; 79:341-347
References 3:
Yaziji H, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003; 11:11-5
References 4:
Patel P, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002; 46:264-70
References 5:
Morrison CD, et al. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2000; 17:204-15
Anti-renal cell carcinoma (RCC) recognizes a 200 kD glycoprotein localized in the brush border of the proximal renal tubule. This antibody immunoreacts with approximately most primary renal cell carcinomas and can aid in the diagnosis when renal cell carcinoma enters the differential diagnosis. Other tumors that may react with this antibody are parathyroid adenoma, an occasional breast carcinoma. Nephroblastoma, oncocytoma, mesoblastic nephroma, transitional cell carcinoma, and angiomyolipoma are not labeled with this antibody.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PN-15
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dabbs, D. 4th Edition. Elsevier Saunders. 2014; p234
References 2:
Bakshi N, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007; 15:310-5
References 3:
McGregor DK, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001; 25:1485-92
References 4:
Avery, AK et al. Am J Surg Pathol 24(2): 203-210, 2000
PU.1 is a transcription factor that has been shown to be important for normal B-cell development. PU.1 belongs to the ETS family of transcription factors. It is expressed in the myeloid lineage and in immature as well as mature B-lymphocytes, with the exception of plasma cells. PU.1 is essential during early B-cell differentiation. The absence of PU.1 results in total block of B-cell development at the prepro stage. Very little is known about PU.1 function in later stages of B-cell development. PU.1 does not seem to play a role in the end-stage of B-cell development and is not expressed in plasma cells. PU.1 exerts an important role in the regulation of the expression of crucial B-cell proteins, such as immunoglobulin (Ig) genes, and CD20 and its putative binding sites were also identified in the promoters of CD79, CD10, and CD22. PU.1 binds to the 3 enhancer region of both the Ig kappa and lambda light chain genes and it also regulates the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes through the intron enhancer region.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EPR3158Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The antibody reacts with prostatic acid phosphatase in the glandular epithelium of normal and hyperplastic prostate, and adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Anti-PSAP is useful in identifying prostatic origin of tumors in the metastatic setting. PSAP complements other immunohistochemical markers in the correct clinical context.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PASE/4LJ
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ansari, MA, et al. Am J Clin Path 1981;76:94-98
References 2:
Kimura, N, et al. Virchows Arch A 1986;4:247-251
References 3:
Kidwai N et al. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(1):R18-23
References 4:
Genega EM et al. Mod Pathol. 2000 Nov;13(11):1186-91
References 5:
Gatalica Z et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000 Jun;8(2):158-61
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a 33 kDa protein primarily produced by the prostatic epithelium and the epithelial lining of the periurethral glands. PSA is strongly expressed in both normal and neoplastic prostatic tissue. Although PSA can be considered prostate-specific, PSA and/or PSA gene expression has been detected at low levels in some extra-prostatic tissues such as normal breast tissue, breast tumors, endometrium, adrenal neoplasms and renal cell carcinomas. Anti-PSA is most useful in determining the prostatic origin of carcinomas in non-prostate tissues (metastatic disease) using IHC techniques. This product is best used in conjunction with a panel of antibodies as, up to 27% of prostate carcinoma cases (predominantly poorly differentiated carcinomas) can be negative for this marker.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ER-PR8
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Polascik TJ, et al. J Urol. 1999; 162:293
References 2:
Stenman UH, et al. Semin Cancer Biol. 1999; 9:83-93
References 3:
Alanen KA, et al. Path Res Pract. 1996; 192:233-237
The antibody reacts with progesterone receptor forms alpha and beta. This antibody stains nuclei in breast, ovarian and endometrial epithelia, as well as myometrial nuclei. Since the early 1990s the immunohistochemical (IHC) assay determination of progesterone receptor status has replaced the dextran-coated charcoal method as a prognostic indicator in breast carcinoma. IHC has shown to be superior in prognostic significance when using any one of several available methods of quantitation using this technique.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Y85
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dabbs D. Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry, 2nd edition. p 728-32
References 2:
Dunnwald LK, et al. Breast Cancer Res. 2007;9(1):R6
References 3:
Leong A S-Y, et al. Manual of diagnostic immunohistochemistry, 2nd edition. p 375-76
Pneumocystis carinii is a fungal organism which is detected in human tissues (typically in lung in immunocompromised patients) in the trophozoite stage. Anti-Pneumocystis carinii antibody reacts with an epitope on the organism which is resistant to formalin, picric acid, paraffin, as well as alchohol and xylene. No cross-reactivity has been demonstrated with other fungi or parasitic organisms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3F6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Anti-PLAP antibody immunoreacts with germ cell tumors and can discriminate between these and other neoplasms. Somatic neoplasms e.g. breast, gastrointestinal, prostatic and urinary cancers may also immunoreact with antibodies to PLAP. Anti-PLAP positivity in conjunction with keratin negativity favors seminoma over carcinoma. Germ cell tumors are usually keratin positive, but they regularly fail to stain with anti-EMA, whereas most carcinomas stain with anti-EMA. Anti-PLAP has been useful in the diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease. This antibody has shown cross-reaction with human intestinal alkaline phosphatase.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NB-10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Paiva, J, et al. Am J Pathol 1984;111:156-165
References 2:
Burke, AP, et al. Hum Path 1988;19:663-670
References 3:
Wick, MR, et al. Hum Path 1987;18:946-954
References 4:
Saad RS et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2003 Jun;11(2):107-12
References 5:
Goldsmith JD et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 Dec;26(12):1627-33
Perforin is a pore-forming protein that leads to osmotic lysis of the target cells and subsequently enables granzymes to enter the target cells and activate apoptosis, the cell death program. The expression of perforin is reportedly upregulated in activated CD8+ T-cells, natural killer cells and some CD4+ T-cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-23
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chu PG, et al. Ann Diagn Pathol. 1999; 3:104-33
References 2:
Bittmann I, et al. Arch. 2004; 445:375-81
References 3:
dAmore ES, et al. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2007; 10:181-91
Programmed death-1 (PD1) is a member of the CD28 family of receptors that includes CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), inducible costimulator (ICOS), and B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator. These receptors play a role in the cellular immune response. For example, CD28 serves as a costimulatory receptor that enhances T-cell activation, whereas CTLA-4 serves as an inhibitor of T-cell activation. PD1 also has an inhibitory function on T cells and B cells, and is important in peripheral tolerance. There are at least 2 ligands for PD1, PD-L1, and PD-L2, which are expressed on a range of cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NAT105
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bolstad AI, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Jan;48(1):174-85
References 2:
Dorfman DM, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006 Jul;30(7):802-10
References 3:
Hamanishi J, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 27;104(9):3360-5
References 4:
Konishi J, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;10(15):5094-100
References 5:
Mataki N, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Feb;102(2):302-12
This antibody is an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR). The antibody targets the capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 on Human Parvovirus. Parvovirus B19 infection has been implicated as a cause in spontaneous abortion in humans and thus application of this antibody to placental tissues in such cases is appropriate. Parvovirus B19 is also associated with erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in children and acute arthritis in adults, as well as chronic hemolytic anemia, with some patients experiencing aplastic crisis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
R92F6
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Supernatant
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Loughrey AC et al. J Med Vir 39:97-100 (1993)
References 2:
Moore L et al. Med J Australia 159:344-345 (1993)
References 3:
Morey AL et al. J Path 166:105-108 (1992)
References 4:
ONeill HJ et al. 123: 125-134 (1992)
References 5:
Silverberg SG et al. Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, 3rd edition. 1997; p. 219-220
The parathyroid glands function within the endocrine system to promote blood calcium homeostasis through controlled release of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This process involves the synthesis and secretion of PTH by activated parathyroid chief cells during conditions of hypocalcemia. With the anatomical proximity to the thyroid and capacity of associated neoplasms of the parathyroid to mimic thyroid tumors, challenges can arise in distinguishing between these types of abnormalities. In cases where there is uncertainty about a tumor being of parathyroid origin, immunohistochemical evaluation using anti-PTH can be of value.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-31
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Aldinger KA, et al. Cancer; 49:388-97 (1982)
References 2:
Brown EM. Mineral Electrolyte Metal; 8:130-50 (1982)
References 3:
Abate EG, et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).; 7:172 (2017)
References 4:
Duan K, et al. Turk Patoloji Derg.; 31 Suppl 1:80-97 (2015)
References 5:
Chen HL, et al. Journal of Biology and Chemistry; 277:19374-81 (2002)
The antibody has been used as an aid in discriminating complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) (no nuclear labeling of cytotrophoblasts or stromal cells) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) (nuclear staining of both cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells) and hydropic abortion. In normal placenta, cytotrophoblast, syncytio trophoblast, and stromal cells are labeled with this antibody. Intervillous trophoblastic islands demonstrate nuclear labeling in all entities and serve as an internal control.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Kp10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kihara M, et al. J Reprod Med. 2005; 50:307-12
References 2:
Romaguera RL, et al. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2004; 23:181-90
The antibody recognizes a 53 kDa phosphoprotein, identified as p53 suppressor gene product. It reacts with the mutant as well as wild type p53.1 Positive nuclear staining with this antibody has been shown to be a factor in breast carcinoma, lung carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and ependymoma.2-8 Anti-p53 positivity has also been used to differentiate uterine serous carcinoma from endometrioid carcinoma, as well as a marker for intratubular germ cell neoplasia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DO7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mauri FA et al. Int J Oncol 1999 Dec;15(6):1137-47
References 2:
Caffo O et al. Clin Cancer Res 1996 Sep;2(9):1591-9
References 3:
Bebenek M et al. Anticancer Res 1998 Jan-Feb;18(1B):619-23
References 4:
Midulla C et al. Anticancer Res 1999 Sep-Oct;19(5B):4033-7
References 5:
Moore BE et al. App.IHC and Mol. Morphol. 2001;9(3): 203 206
Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase (also known as AMACR or P504s) is an essential enzyme in the ?oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR over-expression has been demonstrated in several cancers including colorectal, prostate, ovarian, breast, bladder, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, lymphoma, and melanoma. Staining with the antibody to this enzyme has been useful in identifying prostate carcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, as well as atypical adenomatous hyperplasia in formalin-fixed paraffinized tissue in morphologically difficult cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
13H4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Browne TJ et al. Hum Pathol. 2004 Dec;35(12):1462-8
References 2:
Wu CL et al. Hum Pathol. 2004 Aug;35(8):1008-13
References 3:
Evans AJ. J Clin Pthol. 2003 Dec;56(12):892-7
References 4:
Beach R, Gown AM, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 Dec;26(12):1588-96
References 5:
Jiang Z, Wu CL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 Sep;26(9):1169-74
p27, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDNK1B), is a kinase inhibitor that controls cell cycle progression.1-4 p27 is involved in G1 phase arrest and obstructs cell entry into the S phase by binding to and inhibiting cyclin E-CDK2, effectively slowing or stopping the cell division cycle.1-4 p27 is broadly expressed in normal tissue but can be dysfunctional in neoplastic tissue and, therefore, not expressed.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SX53G8
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
p21 is one of the inhibitors of the phosphorylation of the cyclin-cdk complex. p21, which is an inhibitor of G1 cdks, suppresses the cell cycle and inhibits DNA synthesis. Although p21 is induced by p53 and inhibits cdk (cyclin-dependent kinase) activity, there was virtually no correlation between the expression of p21 and that of p53; this finding was consistent with two reports, though another reported an inverse correlation between the expression of p21 and that of p53. p53independent expression of p21 might account for the discrepancy between the expression of p53 and that of p21. It is expressed in normal human tissue and a wide array of tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DCS-60.2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
p120 catenin is encoded on chromosome 11q11. Alpha-catenin and beta-catenin bind to the intracellular domain of E-cadherin while p120 catenin binds E-cadherin at a juxta-membrane site. The complex stabilizes tight junctions. In the cell, p120 catenin localized to the E-cadherin/catenins cell adhesion complex, directly associates with cytoplasmic C-terminus of E-cadherin and may similarly interact with other cadherins. A deficiency of E-cadherin results in the intracytoplasmic accumulation of p120 catenin. Lobular carcinoma of the breast shows intracytoplasmic accumulation of p120 catenin while ductal carcinoma shows reduced membrane p120 catenin without cytoplasmic accumulation. In gastric and colonic carcinoma, strong cytoplasmic p120 catenin is associated with discohesive infiltrative morphology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reynolds AB, et al. Oncogene.; 7:2439-45 (1992)
References 2:
Thoreson MA, et al. J Cell Biol.; 148:189-202 (2000)
References 3:
Sarrio D, et al. Oncogene.; 23:3272-83 (2004)
References 4:
Dabbs DJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 31:427-37 (2007)
Oct-4 is a transcription factor that functions in the regulation and maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem and primordial germ cells. Oct-4 immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in gonadal and extra-gonadal seminomas, dysgerminomas and embryonal carcinomas. In addition, the immunohistochemical detection of Oct-4 assists in the evaluation of intratubular germ cell neoplasia (IGCN).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cheng L, et al. J Pathol. 2007; 211:1-9
References 2:
Weissferdt A, et al. Hum Pathol. 2015; 46:376-83
References 3:
Browne P, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 Nov;120(5):767-77
References 4:
García-Cosío M, et al. Mod Pathol. 2004 Dec;17(12):1531-8
References 5:
Gibson SE, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006 Dec;126(6):916-24
Oct-2 is a transcription factor of the POU homeo-domain family that binds to the Ig gene octamer sites, regulating B-cell-specific genes. These are involved in proliferation and differentiation and, despite the scarce evidence for Oct-2 expression in T cells, it has been shown that this factor participates in transcriptional regulation during T-cell activation. Oct-2 activity is dependent on phosphorylation and alternatitive splicing.Various lymphomas are also positive for this marker including the following: Bchronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, plasmacytoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Browne P, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003; 120:767-77
References 2:
García-Cosío M, et al. Mod Pathol. 2004; 17:1531-8
References 3:
Gibson SE, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006; 126:916-24
Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), also known as p75NTR, is a 75-kDa glycoprotein member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family essential for embryonic development of the peripheral nervous system. In normal tissue, NGFR is expressed in neural crest derived cells, lymphoid follicular dendritic cells seen in lymph nodes and tonsils, and myoepithelial cells of the breast, prostate, and salivary gland as well as basal epithelium of the respiratory system. NGFR has been shown to be a reliable adjunct marker for melanoma, specifically desmoplastic and spindle cell variants Anti-NGFR labels myoepithelial cells of the breast and may aid in the differentiation between benign conditions, pre-invasive neoplastic lesions and invasive malignancies of the breast.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-21
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Thompson SJ. Am J Clin Pathol. 1989; 92:415-23
References 2:
Reis-Filho JS, et al. Mod Pathol. 2006; 19:307-19
References 3:
Lazova R, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010; 63:852-8
Myogenin also identified as myogenic factor 4 is a muscle specific transcription factor associated with muscle differentiation and cell cycle.1 Anti-myogenin reactivity is seen in the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissue. Anti-myogenin is a useful immunohistochemical reagent for identification of rhabdomyosarcoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F5D
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Miller JB. J Cell Biol.; 111:1149-59 (1990)
References 2:
Wang NP, et al. Am J Pathol.; 147:1799-810 (1995)
References 3:
Cui S, et al. Pathol Int.; 49:62-8 (1999)
References 4:
Kaspar et al. Sci Rep.; 5:15090 (2015)
References 5:
Rudzinski et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 38:654-9 (2014)
The antibody labels a 50kDa, multiple myeloma oncogen-1 (MUM1) protein. MUM1 is encoded by the MUM1/IRF-4 gene, which is mapped to 6q23-25 and identified as a myeloma-associated oncogene. It is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors and plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in response to signaling by interferon and other cytokines. MUM1 positive cells express the protein in the nucleus in a diffuse and microgranular pattern. However, some positivity is also observed in the cytoplasm of MUM1-expressing cells. In normal/reactive lymphoid tissues, such as lymph node, this antibody stains plasma cells, some B-cells in the light zone of germinal centers, and a subset of T-cells (T-cells in germinal centers and interfollicular areas). MUM1 expression has been described in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). MON 3318 can stain other Bcell lymphomas such as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, primary effusion lymphoma, DLBCL, Burkitt-like lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-8
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Falini B, et al. Blood. 2000; 95:2084-92
References 2:
Grossman A, et al. Genomics. 1996; 37:229-33
References 3:
Neresh KN. Haematologica. 2007; 92:267-8
References 4:
Van Imhoff GW, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24:4135-42
References 5:
Gualco G, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2010; 18:301-10
Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins which constitute the major component of the mucus layer that protects the gastric epithelium from chemical and mechanical aggressions. In humans, at least 14 mucin genes have been identified that code for the mucin proteins. MUC6 is a secretory mucin that is part of a family of at least 14 high molecular weight glycoproteins made by many epithelial tissues. MUC6 is preferentially expressed in non-neoplastic gastric tissue, specifically in the pyloric glands. During neoplastic transformation, mucin expression may be altered within these tissues leading to particular patterns of expression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-20
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ruco LP, et al., Am J Clin Pathol. 92:273-9 (1989)
References 2:
Facchetti F, et al., Histopathology. 19:141-5 (1991)
References 3:
Do SI. et al. J of Breast Cancer. 16:152-8 (2013)
References 4:
Vergier B et al. Blood., 9597: 2212-8 (2000)
References 5:
Mino-Kenudson M, et al. Virchows Arch. 469:255-65 (2016)
Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins which constitute the major component of the mucus layer that protects the gastric epithelium from chemical and mechanical injury. In humans, at least 14 mucin genes have been identified that code for the mucin proteins. Reportedly, mucin expression is associated with tumor type of gastric carcinomas, with MUC2 being associated with mucinous carcinomas. Anti- MUC2 reactivity is seen in goblet cells of the small intestine and colon, and it is useful in immunohistochemistry for identifying colonic, gastric and esophageal carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-18
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chaves P, et al. Dis Esophagus. 2005; 18:383-7
References 2:
Leteurtre E, et al. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12:3324-31.
References 3:
Mino-Kenudson M, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007; 131:86-90
References 4:
Mizoshita T, et al. Histol Histopathol. 2007; 22:251-60
References 5:
OConnell FP, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005; 129:338-47
Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins which constitute the major component of the mucus layer that protects the gastric epithelium from chemical and mechanical injury. In humans, at least 14 mucin genes have been identified that code for the mucin proteins. Mucin genes are expressed in a regulated cell- and tissue-specific manner. The stomach provides a good example of such differential expression of mucin genes. MUC1 is detected in mucous cells of the surface epithelium and neck region of the gastric antrum, as well as in pyloric glands and oxyntic glands of the body region. The heterogeneous pattern of mucin expression, including the expression of the intestinal mucin MUC2, may provide new insights into the differentiation pathways of gastric carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-17
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chaves P, et al. Dis Esophagus. 2005; 18:383-7
References 2:
Leteurtre E, et al. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12:3324-31.
References 3:
Mino-Kenudson M, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007; 131:86-90
References 4:
Mizoshita T, et al. Histol Histopathol. 2007; 22:251-60
References 5:
OConnell FP, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005; 129:338-47
MSH6 is a mismatch repair gene which is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This finding is associated with the autosomal dominant condition known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC). The anti-MSH6 antibody is useful in screening patients and families for this condition. Colon cancers that are microsatellite unstable have a better prognosis than their microsatellite stable counterparts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
44
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lagerstedt Robinson K, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Feb 21;99(4): 291-9
References 2:
Niessen RC et al. Gut 2006 Dec;55(12):1781-8
References 3:
Lawes DA et al. Br J Cancer. 2005 Aug 22; 93(4):472-7
References 4:
Stormorken AT et al. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jul 20;23(21):4705-12
References 5:
Rigau V et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:694-700
MSH2 is a mismatch repair gene which is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This finding is associated with the autosomal dominant condition known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC). The anti-MSH2 antibody is useful in screening patients and families for this condition. Colon cancers that are microsatellite unstable have a better prognosis than their microsatellite stable counterparts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G219-1129
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Christensen M et al. Cancer 2002;95: 2422-30
References 2:
Wright CL et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27: 1393-1406
References 3:
Renkonen E et al. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 3629-3637
References 4:
Hoedema R. et al. The American Surgeon 2003, May 69(5): 387-92
References 5:
Brueckl WM et al. Anticancer Research 2003; 23: 1773-1778
MLH1 is a mismatch repair gene that is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This finding is associated with the autosomal dominant condition known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC). The anti-MLH1 antibody is useful in screening patients and families for this condition. Colon cancers that are microsatellite unstable have a better prognosis than their microsatellite stable counterparts
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G168-728
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Christensen M et al. Cancer 2002;95: 2422-30
References 2:
Wright CL et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27: 1393-1406
References 3:
Renkonen E et al. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 3629-3637
References 4:
Hoedema R. et al. The American Surgeon 2003, May 69(5): 387-92
References 5:
Brueckl WM et al. Anticancer Research 2003; 23: 1773-1778
Mi is a transcription factor implicated in pigmentation, bone development and in mast cells. Various forms of Mi exist ranging from 50-70 kD in size. This antibody targets the 52-56 kD range. This antibody has been useful in identifying malignant melanoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C5/D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Liegl B, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:608-14
References 2:
Righi A, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2008; 16:16-20
References 3:
Weinreb I, et al.. Virchows Arch. 2007; 450:463-70
References 4:
Ohsie SJ, et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2008; 35:433-44
References 5:
Hornick JL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:493-501
Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 (HBME-1) is a membrane antigen that exists in the microvilli of mesothelial cells and other epithelial cells. Anti-HBME-1 labels thyroid papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma but not normal thyroid making it a valuable marker for distinguishing thyroid malignacies from benign thyroid lesions. It has also been demonstrated to label mesothelial cells, both be
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HBME-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Coli A, Bigotti G, et al. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Jun;26(2):221-7
Anti-HMB45 is a useful melanoma immunohistochemical marker that reacts with antigens present on immature melanosomes. Anti-HMB45 is useful for identifying amelanotic melanoma from other neoplastic lesions with similar morphology.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HMB-45
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gown AM, et al. Am J Pathol. 1986; 123:195-203
References 2:
Wick MR, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988; 112:616-20
References 3:
Abrahamsen HN, et al. Cancer. 2004; 100:1683-91
References 4:
Vaggelli L, et al. Tumori. 2000; 86:346-8
References 5:
Baisden BL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000; 24:1140-6
The antibody s useful as an immunohistochemical reagent to stain melanocytes and tumors derived therefrom. Anti-PNL2 reactivity is identified in the cytoplasm of cutaneous and oral mucosal melanocytes. Anti-PNL2 labels intraepidermal nevi, while the dermal components of compound nevi are largely non-reactive.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PNL2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The antibody is a monoclonal, anti-melanoma antibody that reacts with an antigen that has yet to be identified.1 Notably used as a melanoma marker, KBA.62 also detects smooth muscle, basal cells of the epidermis and hair shaft epithelia of the skin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
KBA.62
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pages C, et al.. Hum Pathol. 2008; 39:1136-42
References 2:
Aung P, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012; 36:265-72
References 3:
E Cohen-Knafo et al. J Clin Pathol. 1995; 48:826-831
References 4:
Kaufmann O, et al.. Mod Pathol, 1998 Aug; 11(8):740-6
MART-1 (also known as Melan A) is a melanocyte differentiation antigen. MART-1 is a transmembrane protein present in melanocytes of normal skin, retina, nevi, and most melanomas. MART-1 is a very useful marker for identifying metastatic melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M2-7C10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kageshita T et al. J Immunother 1997 Nov;20(6):460-5
References 2:
Yaziji H, et al. In J Surg Pathol. 2003 Jan;11(1):11-5
References 3:
Suchak R, et al. . Am J Dermatopathol. 2014; 36:387-91.
References 4:
Helm K et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2008; 35:931-4
References 5:
Nielsen PS, et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2011; 33:361-70
MART-1 (also known as Melan A) is a melanocyte differentiation antigen. MART-1 is a transmembrane protein present in melanocytes of normal skin, retina, nevi, and most melanomas. MART-1 is a very useful marker for identifying metastatic melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
A103
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kageshita T et al. J Immunother 1997 Nov;20(6):460-5
References 2:
Yaziji H, et al. In J Surg Pathol. 2003 Jan;11(1):11-5
References 3:
Mocellin S et al. J Immunother. 2001 Nov-Dec;24(6):447-58
References 4:
Perez RP et al. Hum Pathol. 2000 Nov;31(11):1381-8
References 5:
Hoang MP et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2001 Sep;28(8):400-6
Mammaglobin is breast-associated glycoprotein distantly related to secretoglobin family that includes human uteroglobin and lipophilin. Anti-mammaglobin labels cytoplasm of normal breast epithelial cells as well as primary and metastatic breast carcinomas. Absence of mammaglobin expression is typically seen in prostate, kidney, colon, rectum, small intestine, stomach, pancreas, lung and thyroid tissue.2,5 Mammaglobin may be used as part of an immunohistochemical panel for determination of metastatic breast carcinoma and tumor of unknown primary origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
304-1A5/31A5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleming TP et al. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;923:78-89
References 2:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 3:
Wang Z, et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009; 2:384-9
References 4:
Han JH, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:1330-4
Mammaglobin is breast-associated glycoprotein distantly related to secretoglobin family that includes human uteroglobin and lipophilin. Anti-mammaglobin labels cytoplasm of normal breast epithelial cells as well as primary and metastatic breast carcinomas. Absence of mammaglobin expression is typically seen in prostate, kidney, colon, rectum, small intestine, stomach, pancreas, lung and thyroid tissue.2,5 Mammaglobin may be used as part of an immunohistochemical panel for determination of metastatic breast carcinoma and tumor of unknown primary origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
31A5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleming TP et al. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;923:78-89
References 2:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 3:
Wang Z, et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009; 2:384-9
References 4:
Han JH, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:1330-4
Blood group Lewis carbohydrate determinants are oligosaccharides on glycolipids and glycoproteins. In healthy individuals the LewisY antigen is a type 2 antigen usually only expressed in low levels of a few cell types such as some epithelial cells. Reportedly these antigens are aberrantly expressed in high levels in many carcinomas. Anti-BG8, LewisY reactivity in immunohistochemistry is seen in carcinomas of the breast, lung, and colon.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
F3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Davidson B, et al.. Virchows Arch. 1999; 435:43-9
References 2:
King JE, et al. Histopathology. 2006; 48:223-32
References 3:
Marchevsky AM et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007; 15:140-4
The antibody detects surface immunoglobulin on normal and neoplastic B-cells. Anti-lambda staining is seen in B-cell follicles of human lymphoid tissue. When dealing with B-cell neoplasms, the determination of light chain ratios remains helpful. Most B-cell lymphomas express either kappa or lambda light chains, whereas reactive proliferations display a mixture of kappa and lambda positive cells. If only a single light chain type is detected, a lymphoproliferative disorder is very likely.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Lamb14
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hertel, BF, et al. Lab Invest 1977;36:12
References 2:
Taylor, CL Arch Pathol Lab Med 1978;12:113-121
References 3:
Abbondanzo SL et al. Ann Diagn Pathol. 1999 Oct;3(6):394
References 4:
Kurtin PJ et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999 Sep;112(3):319-29
References 5:
Ashton-Key M et al. Histopathology. 1996 Dec;29(6):525-31
Kidney-specific cadherin (Ksp-cadherin) is a member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules that is found exclusively in the basolateral membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells of the distal tubules and collecting duct. Ksp-cadherin may be useful in distinguishing between renal neoplasms of distal nephron origin from those of proximal tubule origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-33
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The antibody detects surface immunoglobulin on normal and neoplastic B-cells. In paraffin-embedded tissue, anti-kappa exhibits strong staining of kappa-positive plasma cells and cells that have absorbed exogenous immunoglobulins. When dealing with B-cell neoplasms, the determination of light chain ratios remains the centerpiece. Most B-cell lymphomas express either kappa or lambda light chains, whereas reactive proliferations display a mixture of kappa and lambda positive cells. If only a single light chain type is detected, a lymphoproliferative disorder exists. Monoclonality is determined by a kappa-lambda ratio of greater than or equal to 3:1 or a lambda-kappa ratio greater than 2:1.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
L1C1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hertel, BF, et al. Lab Invest 1977;36:12
References 2:
Mendes S, Dreno B. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(3):167-70
References 3:
Lee LA et al. Am J Otolaryngol. 2002 Sep-Oct;23(5):316-20
References 4:
Taylor, CL Arch Pathol Lab Med 1978;12:113-121
References 5:
Schmid U et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995 Jan;19(1):12-20
The INI-1 gene, which encodes a functionally uncharacterized protein component of the hSWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is often mutated or deleted in malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT). Two isoforms of INI-1 that differ by the variable inclusion of amino acids are potentially produced by differential RNA splicing. The morphology of MRTs can present challenges in differential diagnosis. The overall survival of MRTs relative to its potential mimics [medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (sPNETs)] is quite low, and thus differentiation from these other tumors is desirable. Lack of nuclear labeling by anti-INI-1 is characteristic of MRT. The majority of medulloblastomas and sPNETs are labeled by anti-INI-1. MRTs also originate from the kidney and soft tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-27
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bourdeaut F, et al. J Pathol. 2007; 211:323-30
References 2:
Fowler DJ, et al. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2006; 25:159-68
References 3:
Haberler C, et al. Am J SurgPathol. 2006; 30:1462-8
References 4:
Janson K, et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006 Sep:47(3):279-84
Inhibin is a peptide hormone that inhibits FSH secretion from the pituitary. Inhibin is a dimer that consists of an alpha and beta subunit. In normal tissue, anti-inhibin alpha labels granulosa cells of the ovary, sertoli and leydig cells of the testis, and the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex. Anti-inhibin alpha has demonstrated utility in the identification of sex cord stromal tumors and adrenal cortical tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
R1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Stewart CJ, et al. Histopathology. 1997; 31:67-74
References 2:
McCluggage WG, et al. J Clin Pathol. 1998; 51: 114-6
References 3:
Kommoss F, et al. Mod Pathol. 1998; 11:656-64
References 4:
Guerrieri C, et al. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1998; 17:266-71
Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) is the likely etiological agent of Kaposis sarcoma (KS). HHV-8 DNA sequences have been found in Kaposis sarcoma lesions, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castlemans disease via polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Latent nuclear antigen (LNA1, LNA, LANA-1), also known as ORF73, is a 222- or 234 kD protein that is consistently expressed in HHV8 infected cells. Anti-HHV-8 labels the latent nuclear antigen protein via immunohistochemistry
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
13B10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Corbellino M et al AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses.;12(8):651-7 (1996)
References 2:
Schwartz EJ et al. Am J Surg Pathol.;27(12):1546-50 (2003)
References 3:
Boulanger E et al. Am J Hematol.;76(1):88-91 (2004)
References 4:
Courville P et al. Ann Pathol.;22(4):267-76 (2002)
Anti-hepatocyte specific antigen, also known as anti-Hep-Par1, recognizes both benign and malignant liver-derived tissues including such tumors as hepatocellular carcinoma. It recognizes both normal adult and fetal liver tissue. The typical pattern is a granular cytoplasmic staining. This antibody is useful in differentiating hepatocellular carcinomas with adenoid features from adenocarcinomas, either primary in the liver or metastatic lesions to the liver
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OCH1E5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Minervini MI, et al. Mod Pathol. 1997; 10:686-92
References 2:
Chu PG, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002; 26:978-88
References 3:
Wieczorek T, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002; 118:911-21
References 4:
Fasano M, et al. Mod Pathol. 1998; 11:934-8
References 5:
Maitra A, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001; 115:689-94
Hemoglobin alpha chain belongs to the globin family and is involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. Hemoglobin A is comprised of two alpha chains and two beta chains. Immunohistochemical localization of hemoglobin is excellent as an erythroid marker for the detection of immature, dysplastic, and megaloblastic erythroid cells in myeloproliferative disorders, such as erythroleukemia. In contrast, myeloid cells, lymphoid cells, plasma cells, histiocytes, and megakaryocytes do not stain with anti-hemoglobin A.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EPR3608
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
OMalley DP, et al. Mod Pathol. 2005; 18:1550-61
References 2:
Cherie H Dunphy, et al. Appl Immun Mol Morphol, 2005; 15(2):154-159
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a membrane-bound heparin sulfate proteoglycan known to participate in cell growth and differentiation. GPC3 expression has been observed in the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), but is rarely expressed in non-neoplastic hepatic tissue, making it a useful marker for HCC. Additionally, this marker is expressed in many yolk sac tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1G12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kandil DH, et al. Adv Anat Pathol. 2009; 16:125-9
References 2:
Coston WMP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:433-44
References 3:
Capurro M, et al. Gastroenterology. 2003; 125:89-97
References 4:
Zynger DL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006; 30:1570-5
Glycophorins A and B are major sialoglycoproteins expressed across the surface of the human erythrocyte membrane and contain the antigenic determinants that define the MNS blood group system.1 The high sialic acid content of glycophorin A contributes to the generation of a net negative surface charge across erythrocyte membranes that minimizes interactions between red blood cells and prevents their aggregation. Anti-glycophorin A has utility in identifying cells of the erythroid lineage.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GA-R2 (HIR2)
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reid ME et al., Immunohematol 2009;25:95-101
References 2:
Olsen RJ et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008; 132:462-75
The antibody detects astrocytes, Schwann cells, satellite cells, enteric glial cells, and some groups of ependymal cells. This marker is mainly used to distinguish neoplasms of astrocytic origin from other neoplasms in the central nervous system.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP672Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jessen, KR, et al. J Neurosci 1983;3:2206-2218
References 2:
Regner A et al. J Neurotrauma. 2001 Aug;18(8):783-92
References 3:
Nagashima G et al. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2002 May;104(2):125-31
References 4:
Choi, BH, et al. Science 1984;223:407-409
References 5:
Viale, G, et al. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat 1991;418:339-348
GCDFP-15 is a glycoprotein localized in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium lining breast cysts and in apocrine glands in the axilla, vulva, eyelid, ear canal, and in salivary glands. GCDFP-15 positivity is seen in breast carcinomas. On the other hand, colorectal carcinomas, lung carcinoma, mesotheliomas rarely stain with this antibody. Because of its specificity for breast carcinoma, this antibody is often helpful in distinguishing metastasis of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP1582Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mazoujian G, et al. Am J Pathol. 1983; 110:105-12
References 2:
Liegl B, et al. Histopathology. 2007; 50:439-47
References 3:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 4:
Tornos C, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29:1482-9
References 5:
Takeda Y, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:239-43
GCDFP-15 is a 15 kD glycoprotein which is localized in the apocrine metaplastic epithelium lining breast cysts and in apocrine glands in the axilla, vulva, eyelid, ear canal, and in salivary glands. GCDFP-15 positivity is seen in breast carcinomas. On the other hand, colorectal carcinomas, lung carcinoma, mesotheliomas rarely stain with this antibody. Because of its specificity for breast carcinoma, this antibody is often helpful in distinguishing metastasis of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
23A3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mazoujian G, et al. Am J Pathol. 1983; 110:105-12
References 2:
Liegl B, et al. Histopathology. 2007; 50:439-47
References 3:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 4:
Tornos C, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29:1482-9
References 5:
Takeda Y, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008; 132:239-43
Galectin-3 is a 30-kD protein, a member of the beta-galactosidase-binding lectin family. Galectin-3 is associated with cell growth, adhesion, inflammation, mRNA processing, and apoptosis. Reportedly, Galectin-3 aberrant expression is related to malignant transformation and metastasis in carcinomas of the breast, colon and thyroid. Galectin-3 reactivity can be seen in the nucleus of neutrophils, vascular endothelium, carcinomas of the colon, breast, and thyroid. Galectin-3 may be useful in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms. Galectin-3 may also be useful in the identification of certain liver disorders.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9C4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Orlandi F, et al. Cancer Res. 1998; 58:3015-20
References 2:
Bartolazzi A, et al. Lancet. 2001; 357:1644-50
References 3:
Papotti M, et al. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002; 147: 515-21
Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor (FLI-1) is a protein encoded by the proto-ocogene FLI1. The FLI-1 protein is best known for its critical role in the pathogenesis of ES/pPNET. FLI-1 is normally expressed in endothelial cells and in hematopoietic cells, including T-lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical detection of FLI-1 protein has been shown in studies to be valuable in the discrimination of Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/pPNET) from most of its potential mimics. ES/pPNET is a rare primary tumor of the bone/soft tissue that resembles other undifferentiated tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mhawech-Fauceglia P, et al. Histopathology. 2006; 49:569-75
References 2:
Kuroda N, et al. Med Mol Morphol. 2006; 39:221-5
References 3:
Ellison DA, et al. Hum Pathol. 2007; 38:205-11
References 4:
Blind C. et al. . J Clin Pathol. 2008 Jan;61(1):79-83. Epub 2007 Apr 5
Fascin is a 55-kd actin bundling protein involved in cell migration. Fascin is up-regulated in many human carcinomas and numerous studies have correlated Fascin over-expression with increased metastatic potential. Fascin is highly sensitive for staining Reed-Sternberg cells making it an excellent marker for classic Hodgkins lymphoma. It is uniformly negative in lymphoid cells, plasma cells and myeloid cells. MON 3279 is positive in dendritic cells. This marker may be helpful in distinguishing between Hodgkins disease and non-Hodgkins lymphoma in difficult cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
55-k2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chu Pg Ann Diagn Pathol. 1999;3(2):104-33
References 2:
Pelosi G et al. Lung Cancer. 2003;42(2):203-13
References 3:
Goncharuk VN et al. J Cutan Pathol. 2002;29(7):430-8
References 4:
Kraus MD et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2001;23(2):104-11
Factor XIIIa has been identified in platelets, megakaryocytes, and fibroblast-like mesenchymal or histiocytic cells in the placenta, uterus, and prostate, monocytes and macrophages and dermal dendritic cells. Anti- Factor XIIIa has been found to be useful in differentiating between dermatofibroma (almost all cases +), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (-/+) and desmoplastic malignant melanoma. Anti-factor XIIIa positivity is also seen in capillary hemagioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma, xanthogranuloma, xanthoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, glomus tumor, and meningioma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP3372
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nemes Z, Hum Pathol 1992 Jul; 23(7):805-10
References 2:
Horenstein MG et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000 Jul;24(7):996-1003
References 3:
Kraus MD et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2001 Apr;23(2):104-11
References 4:
Abenoza P, et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 1993; 15:429-34
References 5:
Anstey A, Cerio R, et al.: Am J Dermatopathol 1994 Feb: 16(1):14-22
Factor XIIIa has been identified in platelets, megakaryocytes, and fibroblast-like mesenchymal or histiocytic cells in the placenta, uterus, and prostate, monocytes and macrophages and dermal dendritic cells. Anti-factor XIIIa has been found to be useful in differentiating between dermatofibroma (almost all cases +), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (-/+) and desmoplastic malignant melanoma. Anti-factor XIIIa positivity is also seen in capillary hemagioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma, xanthogranuloma, xanthoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, glomus tumor, and meningioma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AC-1A1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nemes Z, Hum Pathol 1992 Jul; 23(7):805-10
References 2:
Horenstein MG et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000 Jul;24(7):996-1003
References 3:
Kraus MD et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2001 Apr;23(2):104-11
References 4:
Dehner LP. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 May;27(5):579-93
References 5:
Deguchi M et al. Arch Dermatol Res. 2002 Oct;294(7):297-302
The antibody 4 targets the 60 kDa latent membrane protein (LMP-1) encoded by the BNLF1 gene of the Epstein-Barr virus. There is cross-reactivity with Reed Sternberg cells of Hodgkins disease. The EpsteinBarr virus is an important as a cause of Infectious mononucleosis and has been associated with oral carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CS1-4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Murray PG et al. J Pathol. 166: 1-5 (1992)
References 2:
Jarrett RF et al. Blood 78:1-10 (1991)
References 3:
Pailesen G et al. Lancet. 337: 320-322 (1991)
References 4:
Silverberg GS et al Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, 3rd edition. (1997)
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein localized on the membrane of cells in most epithelial tissues. Immunoreactivity with the antibody to Ep-CAM has been seen in the majority of epithelial neoplasms, whereas most non-epithelial neoplasms do not show EpCAM expression. Ep-CAM is not expressed in mesothelial cells, hepatocytes, and lymphocytes. In conjunction with other markers, Ep-CAM can be used as an aid in determining neoplasms of epithelial origin, such as distinguishing between lung adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ber-EP4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Schnell U, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013; 1828:1989-2001
The antibody s a useful marker for staining many carcinomas. It stains normal and neoplastic cells from various tissues, including mammary epithelium, sweat glands and colorectal carcinoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma, adrenal carcinoma and embryonal carcinomas are consistently EMA negative, so keratin positivity with negative EMA favors one of these tumors. EMA is frequently positive in meningioma, which can be useful when distinguishing it from other intracranial neoplasms such as schwannomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a-k, IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E29
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dearnaly DP, et al. Lancet 1983; 1271-4
References 2:
Attanoos RL, et al. Histopathology. 2003; 43:231-8
E-cadherin is an adhesion protein that is expressed in cells of epithelial lineage. Anti-E-cadherin stains positively in glandular epithelium as well as adenocarcinomas of the lung, gastrointestinal tract and ovary. Another application involves the differentiation of ductal (which is membrane staining) vs. lobular cancer of the breast (which is cytoplasmic staining). It has also been shown to be positive in some thyroid carcinomas. A combination of E-cadherin and p120 catenin helps distinguish ductal carcinoma of the breast from lobular carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP700Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Han AC, et al. Hum Pathol. 1997; 28:641-5
References 2:
Simsir A, et al. Diagn Cytopathol. 1999; 20:125-30
References 3:
Abutaily AS, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2002; 55:662-8
References 4:
Acs G, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001; 115:85-98
References 5:
Dabbs DJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:427-37
Podoplanin is a transmembrane mucoprotein (38 kD) recognized by the D2-40 monoclonal antibody. Podoplanin is selectively expressed in lymphatic endothelium as well as lymphangiomas, and Kaposi sarcomas. Podoplanin has also been shown to be expressed in epithelioid mesotheliomas and seminomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D2-40
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ordóñez NG. Adv Anat Pathol. 2006; 13:83-8
References 2:
Niakosari F, et al. Arch Dermatol. 2005; 141:440-4
This Anti-cytomegalovirus antibody cocktail reacts with a two different epitopes. The DDG9 antibody reacts with a 76 kDa protein produces by CMV. CCH2 antibody reacts with the early DNA-binding protein p52. There is no cross-reactivity with other herpesviruses or adenoviruses. CMV infection is usually seen in immunocompromised patients and involves the GI tract, lung, heart, and liver, among other organs.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a-k, IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DDG9/CCH2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Plachter B et al. Virus Research 1992;24:265-76
References 2:
Evans PC et al. J Hepatol. 1999 Nov;31(5):913-20
References 3:
Pecorell I et al. Br J Opthalmol. 2000 Nov;84(11):1275-81
Anti-Cytokeratin (OSCAR) is well suited to distinguish epithelial carcino¬ma from non-epithelial malignancies and is used to aid epithelial tumor classification. This antibody has been used to characterize the source of various neoplasms and to study the distribution of keratin containing cells in epithelia during normal development and during the develop¬ment of epithelial neoplasms. This antibody stains cytokeratins present in normal and abnormal human tissues and has shown high sensitivity in recognizing epithelial cells, and carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OSCAR
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gown, AM, et al. Am J Clin Pathol 1985;84:413
References 2:
Battifora, H. Am J Surg Pathol 1988;12:24
References 3:
Lewis JE et al. Hum Pathol. 1997 Jun;28(6):664-73
References 4:
Mueller JD et al. Cancer. 2000 Nov 1;89(9):1874-82
The antibody is the broad-spectrum keratin antibody cocktail. It is composed of mouse monoclonal antibody AE1 that recognizes the acidic type I keratins 10, 14, 15, 16, 19, and AE3 that reacts with the basic type II keratins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Both clones were generated using epidermal keratin as immunogen. This antibody detects carcinomas of different organ origin, but is most frequently negative in hepatocellular carcinoma, chromophobe RCC, adrenol cortical carcinoma, some clear cell renal cell carcinomas, and renal oncocytoma. This antibody cocktail can cross-react with other intermediate filaments, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein, giving a false-positive staining in glial tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AE1/AE3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
The antibody is an antibody to high molecular weight cytokeratin that reacts with all squamous and ductal epithelium and stains carcinomas. This antibody recognizes cytokeratins 1,5,10, and 14 that are found in complex epithelia. Anti-Cytokeratin, 34betaE12 shows no reactivity with hepatocytes, pancreatic acinar cells, proximal renal tubules, or endometrial glands; there has been no reactivity with cells derived from simple epithelia. Mesenchymal tumors, lymphomas, melanomas, and neural tumors are unreactive with this antibody with some exceptions. Anti-Cytokeratin, 34betaE12 does label myoepithelial cells and has been shown to be useful in distinguishing prostatic adenocarcinoma from hyperplasia of the prostate. This antibody has also been useful in separating benign from malignant intraductal breast proliferations.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
34betaE12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gown AM, et al. Am J Pathol. 1984; 114:309
References 2:
OMalley FP, et al. Virch Arch A. 1990; 417:191-6
References 3:
Wojno KJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995; 19:251-60
References 4:
Moinfar F, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999; 23:1048-58
Cytokeratins 8 &18 (CK 8 & 18) are expressed in most simple epithelia (e.g. thyroid, breast, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract). Anti-CK 8 & 18 have been reported to stain most adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, but not some well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Cytokeratin 8 & 18 have been reported to be useful markers for identifying Paget cells, colorectal carcinoma metastases,5 and gastric cancer micro metastases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B22.1&B23.1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Angus B, et al. J Pathol. 1987; 155:377-84
References 2:
Corson, JM. Pathol Annu. 1986; 21:47-81
References 3:
Moll R, et al. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008; 129:705-33
Cytokeratin 8, a member of the Type II family of cytokeratins, is typically expressed in simple epithelium. The dimerization of cytokeratin 8 with cytokeratin 18 (labeled by 35betaH11) in the cytoplasm of simple epithelial cells allows for the formation of an intermediate filament cytoskeletal framework. This structure plays a role in the maintenance of cellular structural integrity and also functions in promoting signal transduction and cellular differentiation processes. Additionally, the presence of cytokeratin 8 has been detected in neoplastic epithelia, including glandular epithelium that can be found in prostate carcinoma. Positive immunoreactivity with anti-cytokeratin 8 is a useful indicator for the identification of normal and neoplastic epithelial tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
35betaH11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Battifora, H. Am J Surg Pathol 1988;12:24
References 2:
Gown, AM, et al. Am J Clin Pathol 1985;84:413
References 3:
Ljung G, et al. Prostate. 1997; 31:91-7
References 4:
Murata T, et al. Pathol Res Pract. 1993; 189:888-93
References 5:
Moll R, et al. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008; 129:705-33
Anti-CK 5/6 positivity is seen in nearly 100% of malignant mesotheliomas and in nearly 0% of lung adenocarcinomas. Anti-CK 5/6 positivity can be seen in undifferentiated large cell carcinoma as well as squamous carcinoma, and has been useful in recognizing spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Less than 10% of carcinomas of the breast, colon, and prostate stain positively for this marker. Anti-CK 5/6 has also been used successfully as a myoepithelial cell marker in the prostate and breast to determine malignancy.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D5/16B4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol 1998; 22(10):1215-1221
References 2:
Abarahams NA et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 Sep;120(3):368-76
References 3:
Reis-Filho JS et al. Virchows Arch. 2003 Aug;443(2):122-32
References 4:
Lin L et al. J Cutan Pathol.2003 Feb;30(2):114-7
References 5:
Otterbach F et al. Histopathology. 2000 Sep;3793):232-40
Cytokeratin 5 is an intermediate filament protein of 58 kD molecular weight within the cytokeratin family. It is a type II (basic) cytokeratin. Antibodies to this protein identify basal cells of squamous and glandular epithelia, myoepithelia, and mesothelium. Anti-cytokeratin 5 has been reported useful in the differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the pleura versus epithelioid mesothelioma. Epithelioid mesotheliomas are strongly positive in almost all cases, but a minority of pulmonary adenocarcinomas will show focal immunoreactivity. Almost all squamous cell carcinomas, half of transitional carcinomas, and many undifferentiated large cell carcinomas immunostain with anti-CK 5. Anti-CK 5, along with antip63, affords a high sensitivity and specificity for squamous differentiation. Myoepithelial cells of the breast, glandular epithelia, and basal cells of the prostate are labeled with anti-CK. This antibody, along with anti-CK 14, has found application in identifying basal-like breast carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP1601Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ordonez NG. Human Pathology. 2007; 38:116
References 2:
Kargi A, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol.; 15:415420 (2007)
Anti-Cytokeratin 19 reacts with a wide variety of epithelium and epithelial malignancies including Adenocarcinomas of the Colon, stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, liver and breast. Perhaps the most useful application is the identification of Thyroid carcinoma of the Papillary type, although Follicular Carcinoma is also labeled by this antibody approximately 50-60% of the time.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
A53-B/A2.26
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cerilli LA, et al. Am J Clin Pathol 2002;118:186-193
References 2:
Jain R, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2010; 18:9-15
Cytokeratin 14 is a member of the Type I family of cytokeratins and is generally expressed in the basal cell layer of squamous epithelium. The cytokeratin 14 protein forms a heterotetramer with homodimers of cytokeratin 5 to contribute to the structural integrity of the intracellular cytoskeletal network. Anticytokeratin 14 has immunohistochemical utility as an aid in distinguishing squamous cell carcinomas from other tumors of epithelial origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LL002
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reis-Filho JS et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol; 11(1):1-8 (2003)
Cyclins are proteins that govern transitions through distinct phases of the cell cycle by regulating the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinases. Cyclin D1, one of the key cell cycle regulators, is a putative proto-oncogene found in a wide variety of human neoplasms. This antibody is useful for distinguishing mantle cell lymphomas (cyclin D1 positive).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Aagaard, L, et al. International J of Cancer 1995;61(1):115-120
References 2:
Bartkova, J, et al. Cancer Research 1995;55:949-956
References 3:
Bartkova, J, et al. Oncogene 199510(4):775-778
References 4:
Bartkova, J, et al. J of Pathology 1994;172(3):237-245
References 5:
Lukas, J, et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1995;15(5):2600-2611
Collagen Type IV is the major component of the basal lamina so antibodies to this molecule confirm its presence and reveal the morphological appearance of the structure. Normal tissue stains with this antibody in a fashion consistent with the sites of mesenchymal elements and epithelial basal laminae. Anti-Collagen IV can also be useful in the classification of soft tissue tumors; schwannomas, leiomyomas. Their well differentiated, malignant counterparts usually immunoreact with this antibody. The vascular nature of neoplasms, hemangiopericytoma, angiosarcoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma can be revealed by this antibody with greater reliability than non-specific stains (e.g. silver reticulum).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CIV22
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gould, VE, et al., Pathol Annul 1976;11:353-386
References 2:
McArdle, JP, et al., Int J Cancer 1984;34:633-638
References 3:
De Iorio P et al. Anticancer Res. 2001;21(2B):1395-9
References 4:
Maatta M et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2001 Jun;49(6):711-26
References 5:
Schmehl K et al. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2000 Feb;15(1):39-48
Anti-CEA is employed as a tool to assist in the distinction between adenocarcinoma and mesotheliomas, along with other markers such as calretinin, CK 5/6, D2-40, HBME-1, Napsin A, MOC31, and Ber-EP4. Anti-CEA positivity is seen in adenocarcinomas from the lung and colon, as well.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CEA31
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Go, VLW, et al., Cancer 1976;37:562-566
References 2:
Delellis, RA, et al., Am J Clin Pathol 1978;50:587-594
References 3:
Abutaily AS et al. J Clin Pathol. 2002 Sep;55(9):662-8
References 4:
Bhatnagar J et al. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(3):1849-57
References 5:
Carella R. et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001 Jan;25(1):43-50
CDX-2 is a caudal-related homeobox transcription factor whose expression in the adult is normally present in the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium. It is implicated in the development and maintenance of the intestinal mucosa. This protein is expressed immunohistochemically in the nuclei of normal GI epithelium. CDX-2 protein expression has been seen in GI carcinomas. Anti-CDX-2 has been useful to establish GI origin of metastatic adenocarcinomas and carcinoids and is especially useful to distinguish metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma from lung adenocarcinoma. However, mucinous carcinomas of the ovary also stain positively with this antibody, which limits the usefulness of this marker in the distinction of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma versus mucinous carcinoma of the ovary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EPR2764Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mazziotta RM, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2005; 13:55-60
References 2:
Erickson LA, et al. Endocr Pathol. 2004; 15:247-52
References 3:
Saqi A, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005; 123:394-404
References 4:
Saad RS, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004; 122:421-7
References 5:
Kaimaktchiev V, et al. Mod Pathol. 2004; 17:1392-9
CD99, as detected with a variety of antibodies, is expressed by virtually almost all Ewings sarcoma and primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNET) and demonstrates strong and diffuse membranous staining. Other tumors that may show CD99 expression include neuroendocrine carcinomas, mesenchymal chondrosarcomas, solitary fibrous tumors, synovial sarcomas, vascular tumors, small round blue cell tumors, lymphoblastic lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and myeloid sarcoma.5 However, strong and diffuse membranous reactivity for CD99 favors ES/PNET over the other diagnostic considerations. The other CD99+ tumors usually show cytoplasmic and more heterogeneous staining. Therefore, when making a final diagnostic interpretation, CD99 must be considered in a panel with other antibodies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EPR3097Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rettig WJ, et al. Lab Invest. 1992; 66:133
References 2:
Fellinger EJ, et al. Amer J Surg Pathol. 1992; 16:746
References 3:
Ambros IM, et al. Cancer. 1991; 139:317
References 4:
Khoury JD. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005; 12:212-20
References 5:
Dabbs DJ. Theranostic and Genomic Applications. 2014; 126
The CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein made up of two subunits alpha and beta.1 Anti-CD8 is a T-cell marker for the detection of cytotoxic/suppressor lymphocytes. CD8 is also detected on NK cells, some thymocytes, some null cells and bone marrow cells. This antibody, along with other markers, can be used to distinguish between reactive and neoplastic Tcells.3 CD8 expression has been found to be negative in Mycosis Fungoides. Rarely does anti-CD8 label non-hematolymphoid neoplasms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C8/144B
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rossi, ML, Sanchez, FC, et al., J Clin Path 1988;41:314-319
References 2:
Stein, H, Lennart, K, et al., Adv Cancer Res 1984;42:67-147
References 3:
Phan-Dinh-Tuy, F, Niaudet, P, et al., Mol Immun 1982;19:1649-1654
The antibody is a B-cell marker that is generally used to complement CD20. This antibody will stain many of the same lymphomas as CD20, but also is more likely to stain precursor B-lymphoid leukemias than CD20. Anti-CD79a also stains more cases of plasma cell myeloma and occasionally some types of endothelial cells as well. Anti-CD79a will stain many cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (FAB-M3), but only rarely stains other types of myeloid leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
JCB117
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mason DY, et al., Eur J Immun; 22:2753-2756 (1992)
References 2:
Lin BT, Weiss LM. Hum Pathol.; 28(9):1083-90 (1997)
References 3:
Pilozzi E et al. J Pathol.; 186(2):140-3 (1998)
References 4:
Kurtin PJ et al. Am J Clin Pathol.; 112(3):319-29 (1999)
References 5:
Blakolmer K et al. Mod Pathol.; 13(70:766-72 (2000)
CD7 antigen is a 40-kDa cell surface glycoprotein that is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. While its precise function is not known, it is suggested that CD7 plays a role in T-cell interactions as it is one of the earliest T-cell lineage associated antigens expressed during T-cell ontogeny. CD7 is expressed in thymocytes, mature peripheral T-cells, natural killer cells, and lymphoid and myeloid progenitors. CD7 is the most consistently expressed T cell antigen in lymphoblastic lymphomas and leukemias, and is therefore a useful marker in the identification of such neoplastic proliferations. In mature post-thymic T cell neoplasms, it is the most common pan-T antigen to be aberrantly absent and its absence in a T cell population is a useful pointer to a neoplastic conversion.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-56
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hodak E, et al. J Am Acad Derma¬tol. 2006 Aug;55(2):276-84
References 2:
Stillwell R, et al. Immunol Res. 2001; 24:31-52
References 3:
Schanberg LE, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991; 88:603-7
The antibody marks cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. This antibody is capable of staining monocytes, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, granulocytes and their precursors; lymphomas are negative or show few granules. This antibody may be useful for the identification of myelomonocytic and histiocytic tumors. Since this detects a formalin-resistant epitope that may be associated with lysosomal granules, other lysosome-rich cells may also stain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Kp-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
CD61 also known as integrin beta chain beta 3 (ITGB3) is an integrin cell-surface protein associated with cellular adhesion and cell-surface mediated signaling. Immunohistochemical staining for CD61 can be useful in evaluating normal and abnormal megakaryocytes, which can aide in the identification of some hematopoietic malignancies. Anti-CD61 reactivity is also seen in platelets, osteoclasts and macrophages.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2f2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Duperray A et al. Blood. 1989 Oct; 74(5):1603-11
References 2:
Goldman BI et al. Modern Pathology 14:589-594 (2001)
References 3:
Thiele J et al. Virchows Archiv B Cell Pathol (1990) 58:295-302
CD56, also known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), is a calcium-independent homophilic binding protein that belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. CD56 is involved in cellcell adhesion of neural cells during embryogenesis and is expressed on most neuroectodermally derived tissues. In normal tissue, anti-CD56 labels neurons, glia, schwann cells, NK (natural killer) cells, and a subset of T-cells.3 CD56 expression can be seen in most NK cell neoplasms, certain subtypes of T-cell lymphoma and in some plasma cell neoplasms. well
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
123C3.D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Langdon, SP, et al. Cancer Research 1988;48(21):6161-6165
References 2:
Moolenaar, CE, et al. Cancer Research 1990;50(4):1102-1106
References 3:
Sumi M et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Jan; 44(1): 201-4
References 4:
Kibbelaar, RE, et al. Euro J of Cancer 1991;27(4):431-435
References 5:
Michalides, R, et al. International J of Cancer Sup 1994;8:34-37
Anti-CD5 is a pan T-cell marker that also reacts with a range of neoplastic B-cells. CD5 expression is useful in distinguishing mature T-cell neoplasms and differentiating among mature small lymphoid cell malignancies. Anti-CD5 does not react with granulocytes or monocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SP19
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jones NH, et al., Nature 1986;323: 346-349
References 2:
Tan SH et al. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Sep;149(3): 542-53
References 3:
Chang CC et al. Mod Pathol. 2002 Oct;15(10): 1051-7
References 4:
Hatano B et al. Pathol Int. 2002 May-Jun;52(5-6): 400-5
References 5:
West RB et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002 Apr;117(4): 636-43
Anti-CD5 is a pan T-cell marker that also reacts with a range of neoplastic B-cells. CD5 expression is useful in distinguishing mature T-cell neoplasms and differentiating among mature small lymphoid cell malignancies. Anti-CD5 does not react with granulocytes or monocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4C7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jones NH, et al., Nature 1986;323: 346-349
References 2:
Tan SH et al. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Sep;149(3): 542-53
References 3:
Chang CC et al. Mod Pathol. 2002 Oct;15(10): 1051-7
References 4:
Hatano B et al. Pathol Int. 2002 May-Jun;52(5-6): 400-5
References 5:
West RB et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002 Apr;117(4): 636-43
Anti-CD45 (anti-leukocyte common antigen) is routinely used to aid the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms, whenever malignant lymphoma is suspected by the morphological or clinical data. It is a highly specific antibody; therefore a positive result is highly indicative of hematolymphoid origin. Certain types of hematolymphoid neoplasms may lack CD45 (Hodgkin lymphoma, some T-cell lymphomas, and some leukemias) so its absence does not rule out a hematolymphoid tumor. This antibody is expressed almost exclusively by cells of hematopoietic lineage and is present in most benign and malignant lymphocytes as well as plasma cell precursors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2B11 & PD7/26
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mason, DY, Am Pathol 1987;128:1-4
References 2:
Hall PA, Histopathology 1988;13:149-160
References 3:
Kurtin, PJ, Hum Path 1985;16:353-365
References 4:
Maluf HM et al. Mod Pathol. 1995 Feb; 8(2): 155-9
References 5:
Caballero T et al. J Clin Pathol. 1995 Aug;48(8): 743-8
The CD44 family of glycoproteins exists in a number of variant isoforms, the most common being the standard 85-95 kD or hematopoietic variant (CD44s) that is found in mesodermal cells such as hematopoietic, fibroblastic, and glial cells, as well as in some carcinoma cell lines. Higher molecular weight isoforms have been described in epithelial cells (CD44v) and are thought to function in intercellular adhesion and stromal binding. While many human tumors express CD44, a positive correlation between CD44v expression and tumor dedifferentiation has been demonstrated. MON 3237 may be useful in discrimination of urothelial carcinoma in-situ from non-neoplastic changes in the urothelium.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-13
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hudson D, et al. Int. J. Cancer. 1996; 66:457-63
References 2:
East JA, et al. Eur J Cancer. 1993; 29A:1921-2
References 3:
Gadalla HA, et al. BJU Int. 2004; 93:151-5
References 4:
McKenney JK, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001; 25:1074-8
References 5:
Lopez-Beltran A, et al. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol. 2013; 35:121-9
CD31 has cytoplasmic, membranous expression in non-neoplastic and neoplastic vascular endothelial cells.1 It has been used as a tool to identify the vascular origin of neoplasms such as angiosarcomas, Kaposi sarcomas and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Immunohistochemical study with CD31 has also been shown useful to detect areas of tumor lymphovascular invasion. Additionally, detection of weak diffuse cytoplasmic CD31 immunoreactivity has been seen in cases of various carcinomas with occasional membranous staining in ductal carcinomas of the breast as well as in intratumoral macrophages.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
JC70
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Parums DV, et al.. J Clin Pathol. 1990; 43:752-7
References 2:
Attanoos RL, et al. Thorax. 2000; 55:860-3
References 3:
Alexander-Sefre F, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56:786-8
The antibody detects a formalin-resistant epitope that is expressed by Reed-Sternberg cells in classic Hodgkin lymphoma, the majority of anaplastic large cell lymphomas, primary cutaneous CD30 positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and in embryonal carcinomas. Occasionally diffuse large B-cell lymphoma stains with this antibody. This antibody also stains plasma cells in paraffin-embedded tissue as well as reactive immunoblasts. The staining pattern of anti-CD30 in lymphoma and embryonal carcinoma is different, with the former being membranous and exhibiting Golgi zone accentuation in location, and the latter being membranous only.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ber-H2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Schwarting R, et al., Blood 1989 (74):1678-1689
References 2:
Fonatsch C, et al., Genomics 1992 (14):825-826
References 3:
George DH et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Apr;27(4): 487-93
References 4:
Hedvat CV et al. Hum Pathol. 2002 Oct;33(10): 968-74
CD3s immunohistochemical detection locates the cytoplasmic component of CD3 protein. Anti-CD3 is considered to be a pan-T-cell marker and reacts with an antigen present at the surface and in the cytoplasm of T lymphocytes. Anti-CD3 is widely used for the identification of immature and mature T-cell malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-39
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beverley PC, et al. Eur J Immunol.; 11:329-34 (1981)
References 2:
Hedvat CV, et al. Hum Pathol.; 33:968-74 (2002)
References 3:
Karube K, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 27:1366-74 (2003)
References 4:
Dogan A, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 27:903-11 (2003)
CD25, Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, is the alpha subunit of the cell surface receptor which regulates regulatory T-cells. CD25 has been detected in various hematological malignancies including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and hairy cell leukemia. MON 3230 has also been useful in identifying mast cells in skin biopsies in the setting of Urticaria Pigmentosa, which is predictive of Systemic Mastocytosis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4C9
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hahn HP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Nov;31(11):1669-76
References 2:
Hollmann TJ, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008 Jan;32(1):139-45
References 3:
Létourneau S, et al. Clin Immunol. 2009; 123:758-62
References 4:
De Totero D, et al.. Leuk Lymphoma. 1994; 104:412-9
References 5:
Qayyum S, et al. Archives of Pathology & Lab Med. 2014; 138:282-6
CD23 antigen is a 45-60 kDa membrane glycoprotein identified as a low affinity receptor for IgE production as well as a receptor for lymphocyte growth factor. CD23 is found in some mature B-cell lymphomas and in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease. Follicular dendritic cells and some activated B-cells within germinal centers express CD23 in high density and mantle zone B-cells are stained. The majority of chronic lymphocytic leukemias/small lymphocytic lymphomas are anti-CD23 positive, whereas mantle cell lymphomas are generally negative, so this marker is useful when applied with other markers to separate the small cell lymphomas.1,3 Precursor B and T lymphomas, myeloid neoplasms, and mature T-cell lymphomas are CD23 negative and other small cell lymphomas are occasionally positive. Anti-CD23 is expressed in activated mature B-cells expressing IgM or IgD, monocytes/macrophages, follicular dendritic cells, T-cell subsets, eosinophils, Langerhans cells and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1B12
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kaiserlian, D, et al., Immunology 1993;80:90-95
References 2:
Aubry, JP et al., Oxford Univ Press- Oxford, NY, Tokyo 1987:417-419
References 3:
Pallesen G, Oxford Univ Press-Oxford, NY, Tokyo 1987:383-386
References 4:
Pezzella F et al. Br j Haematol. 2000 Feb;108(2): 369-76
References 5:
Kurtin PJ et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999 Sep;112(3): 319-29
CD21 (also known as complement receptor 2 (CR2), C3d receptor, or EBV receptor) is a 140 kDa membrane protein on B-lymphocytes to which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) binds during infection of these cells. The antigen is absent on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. MON 3028 is useful in the identification of follicular dendritic cell matrix found in normal lymph node and tonsillar tissue. This antibody also labels follicular dendritic cell sarcomas. Anti-CD21 is valuable in differentiating follicular lymphoma with marginal zone differentiation from marginal zone lymphoma with follicular involvement. It also plays a role in distinguishing among nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma, and T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma in combination with other B-cell and T-cell markers. Anti-CD21 is also useful in identifying abnormal follicular dendritic cell pattern in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and follicular T-cell lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP3093
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dillon KM et al. J Clin Pathol. 2002 Oct;55(10):791-4
CD21 (also known as complement receptor 2 (CR2), C3d receptor, or EBV receptor) is a 140 kDa membrane protein on B-lymphocytes to which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) binds during infection of these cells. The antigen is absent on T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. MON 3027 is useful in the identification of follicular dendritic cell matrix found in normal lymph node and tonsillar tissue. This antibody also labels follicular dendritic cell sarcomas. Anti-CD21 is valuable in differentiating follicular lymphoma with marginal zone differentiation from marginal zone lymphoma with follicular involvement. It also plays a role in distinguishing among nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma, and T-cell/histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma in combination with other B-cell and T-cell markers.6 Anti-CD21 is also useful in identifying abnormal follicular dendritic cell pattern in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and follicular T-cell lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2G9
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dillon KM et al. J Clin Pathol.; 55(10):791-4 (2002)
References 2:
Cheuk W, et al. Am J Surg Pathol.; 25:721-31 (2001)
References 3:
Pileri SA, et al.Histopathology.; 41:1-29 (2002)
References 4:
Maeda K, et al. J Histochem Cytochem.; 50:1475-1486 (2002)
CD20 is a transmembrane protein in late B-cell precursors and mature B-cells that plays a role in regulating proliferation and differentiation. CD20 expression is lost at the plasma cell stage of differentiation. MON 3226 (pan B-cell) has rarely been detected in T-cell malignancies, and is a dependable marker of B-cell lymphomas such as DLBCL. CD20 expression is present in some thymomas. It does not cross-react with non-hematopoietic neoplasms.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
L26
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
CD2 is a surface antigen present on all peripheral T-cell lymphocytes. CD2 is associated with signaling and mediating adhesion to other T-cells through the lymphocyte function-associated antigen and CD48/BCM1 complex. MON 3225 is a useful immunohistochemical reagent for identification of normal T-lymphocytes, and for assessing lymphoid malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Aguilera NS, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006; 130:1772-9
References 2:
Barrionuevo C, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2007; 15:38-44
References 3:
Bovenschen HJ, et al. Br J Dermatol. 2005; 153:72-8
References 4:
Foon KA, et al. Blood. 1986; 68:1-31
References 5:
Gonzalez L, et al. Journal of Comparative Pathology 2001; 125:41-7
CD19 is a glycoprotein on the surface of mature B cells, it works in conjunction with receptors and proteins to regulate B-cell signaling. CD19 is present in both normal and malignant B cells, and hence being valuable for the identification of B-cell neoplasms such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-36
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Steinmetz OM, et al. Transplantation. 2007 15;84(7):842-50
References 2:
Teng YK, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 ;56(12):3909-18
CD163, also known as scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130, is an acute phase-regulated and signal-inducing transmembrane protein, found exclusively on cells of monocytic origin. CD163 plays a critical role in macrophage clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes. Therefore, CD163 contributes to the anti-inflammatory response and protects tissues from oxidative and inflammatory hemoglobin. Anti-CD163 labels cells of monocytic-macrophage lineage, with expression in bone marrow3 and histiocytic neoplasms. Solubilized in plasma, CD163 functions as an anti-inflammatory signal and has many roles in disease processes that range from autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis to atherosclerosis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-26
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Buechler C, et al. J Leukoc Biol. 67:97-103 (2000)
References 2:
Kristiansen M, et al. Nature. 409:198-201 (2001)
References 3:
Etzerodt A. et al. Antioxid Redox Signal. 18: 2352-63 (2013)
CD15 is a carbohydrate antigen with the common trisaccharide structure 3-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine, also known as Lewis x (Lex) or stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1).1-3 CD15 is expressed in myeloid cells and mediates neutrophil adhesion to dendritic cells.2-3 CD15 is also expressed in Reed-Sternberg cells and is thus a useful marker for identifying Hodgkins lymphoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MMA
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pellegrini W, et al. Haematologica. 2007; 92:708-9
CD14 is a 55kDa glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked membrane protein, involved in endotoxin binding and recognition of apoptotic cells. CD14 is expressed on monocytes, macrophages, follicular dendritic cells, and granulocytes. Anti-CD14 can detect these cells, including monocyte-derived cells which are frequently increased in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as well as in neoplastic cells in acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic differentiation and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EPR3653
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gregory CD, et al. Apoptosis. 1999; 4:11-20
References 2:
Wright SD, et al. Science. 1990; 249: 1431-33
References 3:
Marmey B, et al. Hum Pathol. 2006; 37:68-77
References 4:
Smeltzer JP, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2014; 20:2862-72
References 5:
Rollins-Raval MA, et al. Histopathology. 2012; 60: 933-42
CD138, Syndecan 1, is expressed in the late stages of B-cell differentiation with progression towards plasma cells. It can be used to differentiate lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma from marginal zone lymphoma. ALK+ large B-cell lyphoma (LBCL) usually strongly expresses CD138 whereas lineageassociated markers such as anti-CD20 and anti-CD79a do not stain ALK+LBCL. Anti-CD138 is immunoreactive with HHV8-associated primary effusion lymphoma even though the lymphoma cells lack the expression of B-cell markers. Anti-CD138 is a good marker to identify and enumerate plasma cells, benign, reactive, or malignant, in bone marrow biopsy specimens.4,6 CD138 is also expressed in epithelial cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B-A38
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chilosi M, et al. Mod Pathol. 1999; 12:1101-6
References 2:
Sebestyén A, et al. Br J Haematol. 1999; 104:412-9
References 3:
Bayer-Garner IB, et al. Mod Pathol. 2001; 14:1052-8
References 4:
OConnell FP, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004; 121:254-63.
References 5:
Colomo L, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004; 28:736-47
CD117, c-kit is a tyrosine kinase receptor found on interstitial cells of Cajal, germ cells, bone marrow stem cells, melanocytes, breast epithelium and mast cells. This receptor is found on a wide variety of tumor cells (follicular and papillary carcinoma of thyroid, adenocarcinomas from endometrium, lung, ovary, pancreas, breast; malignant melanoma, endodermal sinus tumor, and small cell carcinoma) but has been particularly useful in differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors from Kaposis sarcoma, and tumors of smooth muscle origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
YR145
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sircar K, et al. AM J Surg Pathol 23(4):377-389,1999
References 2:
Miettinen M et al. Am J Surg Pathol 24(2):211-222, 2000
References 3:
Miettinen M. et al. Am J Surg Pathol 23(9): 1109-1118
Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA / CD10) is a useful marker for the characterization of childhood leukemia and B cell lymphomas. This antibody reacts with antigen of lymphoblastic, Burkitts, and follicular lymphomas; and chronic myelocytic leukemia. Also, Anti-CD10 detects the antigen of glomerular epithelial cells and the brush border of the proximal tubules; this characteristic may be helpful in interpreting renal ontogenesis in conjunction with other markers. Other non-lymphoid cells that are reactive with CD10 are breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, neutrophils and small population of bone marrow cells, fetal small intestine epithelium, and normal fibroblasts.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
56C6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Maguer-Satta V, et al.. Stem Cells. 2011; 29:389-96
Calponin is a 34 kD polypeptide that interacts with actin, tropomyosin, and calmodulin. It is involved in smooth muscle contraction mechanism and is restricted exclusively to smooth muscle tissue. Anticalponin has been found to be useful in staining myoepithelium and is, therefore, useful for differentiating benign sclerosing adenosis of the breast from infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Calponin positivity has also been noted in malignant myoepithelioma and pleomorphic adenoma3 of salivary gland origin, as well as angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EP798Y
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wang NP, et al. Appl Immunohistochem. 1997; 5:141-151
References 2:
Nagao T, et al. Cancer. 1998; 83:1292-9
References 3:
Savara AT, et al. Mod Pathol. 1997; 10:1093-1100
References 4:
Fanburg-Smith JC, et al. Hum Pathol. 1999; 30:1336-43
References 5:
Hornick JL, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27: 1183-96
Calponin is a 34-kD actin filament-associated regulatory protein that interacts with actin, tropomyosin, and calmodulin. It is involved in the smooth muscle contraction mechanism and is restricted exclusively to smooth muscle tissue and myoepithelial cells. Anti-calponin has been found to be useful marker for differentiating benign sclerosing lesions of the breast from invasive carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CALP
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Anti-caldesmon is a regulatory protein found in smooth muscle and other tissues which interacts with actin, myosin, tropomyosin, and calmodulin. Anti-caldesmon antibody labels smooth muscle and tumors of smooth muscle, myofibroblastic, and myoepithelial differentiation. Anti-caldesmon has also been used to differentiate epithelioid mesothelioma from serous papillary carcinoma of the ovary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E-89
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Miettinen M, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2006; 130:1466-78
References 2:
Watanabe K, et al. Hum Pathol. 1999; 30:392-6
References 3:
McCluggage WC. Adv Anat Pathol. 2004; 11:162-71
References 4:
Comin CE, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006; 30:463-9
References 5:
Comin CE, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31:1139-48
The antibody reacts with epithelioid malignancies of the ovary, papillary serous carcinoma of the cervix, adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, clear cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder, and epithelioid mesothelioma. The antigen is formalin resistant, permitting the detection of ovarian cancer by immunohistochemistry, although serum assays for this protein are widely used to monitor ovarian cancer. MON 3211 also reacts with antigens in seminal vesicle carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OC125
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kabawat S, et al. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1983; 2:275-285
References 2:
Davis H, et al. Cancer Res. 1986; 46:6143-6148
References 3:
Zhou C, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998; 22:113- 20
References 4:
Mylonas I, et al. Anticancer Res. 2003; 23:1075-80
References 5:
Fukazawa I, et al. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 1988; 243:41-50
Beta-catenin is a 92 kD protein normally found in the cytoplasm of the cell in the submembranous location. Mutations in the beta-catenin gene result in nuclear accumulation of this protein. Nuclear accumulation of this protein has been demonstrated in fibromatosis (desmoid tumors) of the breast and abdomen and, therefore, is useful in differentiating from other spindle cell neoplasms that may occur in these locations.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
14
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Alman BA, et al. Am J Pathol. 1997; 151:329-34
References 2:
Li C, et al. Am J Pathol. 1998; 153:709-14
References 3:
Abraham SC, et al. Hum Pathol. 2002; 33:39-46
References 4:
Montgomery E, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002; 26:1296-301
BCL6 is a transcriptional regulator gene which codes for a 706-amino-acid nuclear zinc finger protein. In normal tissue these antibodies have strong nuclear staining for a subset of B-lymphocytes, mostly located in germinal centers (GC). BCL6 antibodies stain malignant cells in follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, Burkitt lymphoma,4 classical Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as majority of tumor cells in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. BCL6 expression has been also seen in anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL)
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GI191E/A8
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
BCL2 is a protein associated with apoptosis regulation produced by the bcl-2 gene, located on chromosome 14q32.BCL2 is comprised of an alpha (239 amino acids) and beta chain. BCL2 (and thus BCL2 alpha chain) is found in mitochondrial and nuclear membranes and in the cytosol rather than the cell surface. In normal lymphoid tissue, BCL2 antibody reacts with small B-lymphocytes in the mantle zone and many cells within the T-cell areas. Anti-BCL2 has shown consistent negative reaction on reactive germinal center B-cells and positive staining of neoplastic follicles in follicular lymphoma. This antibody is valuable when distinguishing between reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferation in lymph node biopsies. This antibody may also be used in distinguishing between those follicular lymphomas that express BCL2 protein and the small number in which the neoplastic cells are BCL2 negative.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E17
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cooper K, et al. Journal of Pathology. 1997; 182:307-10
References 2:
Chetty R, et al. J Clin Pathol. 1995; 48:1035-1038
Bcl-2 is the best characterized protein family involved in regulation of apoptotic cell death, consisting of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members. Bcl-2 is a useful marker for identifying neoplastic cells in follicular lymphoma. Antibodies specific for the Bcl-2 protein can be used to distinguish between reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferation in lymph node biopsies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
124
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsujimoto, Y. Genes Cells. 1998; 3:697-707
References 2:
Gaulard P, et al. Am J Pathol. 1992; 140: 1089-95
References 3:
Wang T, et al. APMIS. 1995; 103:655-62
References 4:
West RB, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002; 117:636-43
The antibody recognizes a human breast carcinoma associated glycoprotein BCA-225 (220-225kD). This protein differs in size and distribution from other breast carcinoma antigens. Anti-BCA-225 primary antibody labels breast cancer antigen 225 (BCA-225) in primary and metastatic breast carcinoma. BCA-225 was first identified in T47D breast carcinoma cells, but its expression in other carcinomas such as lung, kidney, ovary and endometrium has
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Cu-18
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mesa-Tejada R, et al. Am J Pathol; 1988 130:305-14
Annexin A1, also known as lipocortin I, is a protein that is encoded by the ANXA1 gene in humans. Annexin A1 is a useful marker for identifying hairy cell leukemia cells. ANXA1 is strongly expressed on the cell membrane and occasionally in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in 97% of samples from patients with hairy cell leukemia, it is therefore a useful marker for identifying hairy cell leukemia cells. By contrast, B-cell lymphomas other than hairy cell leukemia, including typical splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and patients with variant hairy cell leukemiaas defined by current morphologic, phenotypic, and clinical criteriaare ANXA1-negative. Additionally, aberrant expression of Annexin A1 has been reported in certain types of breast and gastric carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Falini B, et al. Lancet.; 363:1869-70 (2004)
References 2:
Sobral-Leite M, et al. BMC Med.; 13:156 (2015)
References 3:
Cheng TY, et al. Cancer.; 118:5757-67 (2012)
References 4:
Sato Y, et al. Exp Ther Med.; 2:239-43 (2011)
References 5:
Wang KL, et al.. Clin Cancer Res.; 12:4598-604 (2006)
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a novel receptor protein-tyrosine kinase. ALK can create a fusion protein with a nuclear protein gene called nucleophosmin (NPM) via the amino terminus of NPM and the catalytic domain of ALK. The product of this fusion protein is oncogenic.1 Studies have found this chromosomal translocation in most anaplastic large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, making ALK a good marker for anaplastic large cell lymphomas
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ALK-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Smooth Muscle Actin is a part of the actin family of proteins which are highly conserved and form microfilaments. These filaments are one of the major components of the cytoskeleton. Anti-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemical reactivity is seen in smooth muscle cells, myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1A4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Cooke PH. A. J Cell Biol. 1976; 68:539-56
References 2:
Skalli O, et al. J Cell Biol. 1986; 103:2787-96
References 3:
Perez-Montiel MD, et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2006; 28:105-11
The antibody recognizes actin of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. It is not reactive with other mesenchymal cells except for myoepithelium. Muscle Specific Actin is a part of the actin family of proteins which are highly conserved, major components of the cytoskeleton. Anti-Muscle Specific Actin immunohistochemical reactivity is seen in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells and can be seen in neoplasms with muscle differentiation such as leiomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. In contrast, antiMuscle Specific Actin reactivity is typically not seen in endothelial cells, connective tissues, carcinomas, melanomas, lymphomas and most nonmyogenic sarcomas
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HHF35
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gown AM, et al. Am J Pathol. 1986; 125:191
References 2:
Schmidt RA, et al. Am J Pathol. 1988; 131:19-28
References 3:
Azumi N, et al.Mod Pathol. 1988; 1:469-74
References 4:
Rangdaeng S, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 1991; 96:32-45
The monoclonal antibody BM8 recognises a 125 kD extracellular macrophage membrane molecule, highly restricted to mature macrophage subpopulations residing in tissue. This murine F4/80 glycoprotein contains seven-transmembrane (TM7) regions, which anchor the protein in the cell membrane, and thereby shows similarity in this region to G-protein-coupled receptors. The F4/80 molecule shares overall structural homology to other members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-TM7 family. The antigen is detected on tissue fixed macrophages in all organs tested so far (spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, liver, skin). It is also present on Langerhans cells in the skin and Kupffer cells in the liver. It is absent on granulocytes, lymphocytes and trombocytes. The expression of F4/80 increases upon maturation of macrophage precursors in bone marrow and blood as well as in ontogeny.</br> The monoclonal antibody BM8 is the only macrophage marker that is able to distinguish non-destructive from destructive inflammation processes in the pancreas. Furthermore it is a unique histological marker of the progression from peri-insulitis to beta-cell destruction and diabetes in a mouse diabetes model.
The monoclonal antibody 266-6K1 recognizes human myeloperoxidase (MPO), an ~135 glycoprotein expressed in all cells of the myeloid linage. MPO functions as an ?2β2 heteromultimer consisting of two heavy (?) and two light (β) chains of 55 and 15 kDa respectively. MPO is abundantly present in azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). It is an important enzyme used during phagocytic lysis of engulfed foreign particles which takes part in the defense of the organism through production of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a potent oxidant. In the stimulated PMN, MPO catalyzes the production of hypohalous acids, primarily hypochlorous acid in physiologic situations, and other toxic intermediates that greatly enhance PMN microbicidal activity. Upon activation of neutrophils, MPO can be rapidly released and as such useful in body fluids as marker for inflammatory status. Involvement of MPO has been described in numerous diseases such as atherosclerosis, lung cancer, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. Autoimmune antibodies to MPO (so called ANCA) are involved in Wegenerâs disease. Since the discovery of MPO deficiency, initially regarded as rare and restricted to patients suffering from severe infections, MPO has attracted more clinical attention.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
266-6K1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
La Rocca; G et al. Basic Res Cardiol 2009; 104: 307
The monoclonal antibody 25F9 recognises a protein of 86 kD on the cell surface and within the cytoplasm of mature macrophages. The antibody is associated with fully differentiated tissue macrophages both in normal and in diseased tissues, independently of the presence or absence of inflammation. The antigen is absent on freshly isolated monocytes and other blood cells. After 6 to 7 days culture human monocytes become positive. Some melanoma and carcinoma cell lines are also positive. Furthermore the monoclonal antibody 25F9 cross reacts with a subpopulation of macrophages of rhesus monkey, pig alveolar macrophages and Kupffer cells. The monoclonal antibody 25F9 is very useful for macrophage phenotyping.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
25F9
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Rosseau; S et al. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000; 279: L25
The monoclonal antibody RM3/1 recognizes CD163, a 130 kDa type I membrane glycoprotein, which is expressed exclusively in the monocyte/macrophage system. CD163 is a member of the cysteine-rich scavenger receptor superfamily. CD163 is an acute phase regulated receptor for the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex. Another important function of CD163 seems to be in the adhesion of monocytes to activated endothelial cells. The expression levels of CD163 vary during the course of macrophage differentiation. The highest levels are found on tissue macrophages whereas bone marrow-derived cells are CD163 negative. CD163 positive cells include skin histiocytes, gut, Kupffer cells, and macrophages in spleen, thymus placenta and inflamed or tumorous tissues. The protein expression is markedly induced by glucocorticoids, IL-6 and IL-10 while down-regulated by cyclosporin A and by phorbol esters.<br /> CD163 can be cleaved to release to soluble form (sCD163). PMA can induce the shedding of sCD163. Intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produces a rapid rise of sCD163 in plasma of patient as it induces metalloproteinase-mediated shedding from monocytes surface. sCD163 in plasma is a parameter in diseases affecting macrophage function and monocyte/macrophage load in the body. The concentration of sCD163 is probably reflecting the number of macrophages of the 'alternative macrophage activation' phenotype with a high CD163 expression playing a major role in dampening the inflammatory response and scavenging components of damaged cells. As such sCD163 can be important as a disease marker in inflammatory conditions e.g. infection, autoimmune disease, transplantation, atherosclerosis and cancer.<br /> The monoclonal antibody RM3/1 can be used for macrophage phenotyping..The RM3/1 antigen expression is restricted to human monocytes and macrophages that evolve in the late phase of inflammation, predominantly macrophages of healing tissue. For macrophages in the synovialis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis; in alveolar macrophages and in Kupffer cells a double staining can be observed with the monoclonal antibody 25F9 (HM2158) recognizing- mature macrophages, which is not the case in other tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RM3/1
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Zwadlo; G et al. Expl Cell Biol 1987; 55: 295
References 2:
Högger, P et al J Immunol 1998, 161: 1883
References 3:
Droste; A et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 256: 110
References 4:
Frings W et al. FEBS Lett 2002; 526: 93
References 5:
Komohara Y et al. J Histochem Cytochem 2006; 54: 763
The monoclonal antibody 27E10 recognizes an epitope specific for the S100A8/A9 heterocomplex that is not exposed on the individual subunits S100A8 (MRP8, calgranulin-A) or S100A9 (MRP14, calgranulin-B). The calcium-binding migration inhibitory factor-related proteins, MRP-8 (S100A8) and MRP-14 (S100A9) belong to the S100 protein family. The expression of these proteins is largely confined to the cytosol of neutrophils and monocytes. The complex formation of these proteins is a calcium-dependent process. The S100A8/A9 heterocomplex, also called MRP-8/MRP-14 complex or calprotectin, comprises 60% of the cytoplasmic protein fraction of circulating polymorphonuclear granulocytes and is also found in monocytes, macrophages and ileal tissue eosinophils. Peripheral blood monocytes carry the antigen extra- and intracellularly, neutrophils only intracellularly. The S100A8/A9 complex has antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulating and antiproliferative effects. Besides this it is a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophils. Plasma concentrations are elevated in diseases associated with increased neutrophil activity, like inflammatory bowel disease. Granulocytes terminate their existence after transmigration through the intestinal wall. Therefore calprotectin is also detectable in feces. Elevated levels of calprotectin have been observed in body fluids such as plasma, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, stools, and synovial fluid during infection and inflammatory conditions.<br> The monoclonal antibody 27E10 can be used for early detection of inflammatory macrophages, for the characterization of tumorous tissues and the monitoring of peripheral blood cell cultures. The antibody 27E10 does not react with lymphocytes or platelets.
The monoclonal antibody E9 reacts with Endoglin, a 190 kDa homodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein composed of disulfide-linked subunits. The external domain binds TGF-beta1 and -beta3 isoforms with high affinity. Two different isoforms (L and S) of CD105 with capacity to bind TGF-beta have been characterized, which differ in the amino acid composition of their cytoplasmic tails. Mutations in the gene encoding endoglin have been linked to the human disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1), a vascular disorder characterized by localized vascular dysplasia and a tendency towards arteriovenous malformations. Mice expressing a single CD105 allele develop external signs of disease similar to human HHT1, supporting the haploinsufficiency model for HHT1. Mice lacking endoglin die from defective angiogenesis characterized by failure of vascular smooth muscle investment of embryonic blood vessels, suggesting a defect in vascular smooth muscle cell development. Microvessel density (MVD) has been reported to be an independent prognostic indicator of outcome in a variety of human malignancies, with increased MVD correlating with shorter overall and relapse-free survival rates. The MVD counts using anti-CD105 antibody significantly correlated with overall and disease-free survival. Anti-CD105 monoclonal antibody E9 and anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody have been successfully used to quantify MVD in human breast carcinoma. The monoclonal antibody E9, directed against CD105, has also been used as a prognostic marker for primary central nervous system lymphomas.
C-terminal Src kinase (Csk) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase which resembles Src-family kinases, but unlike them lacks the conserved autophosphorylation site, the regulatory C-terminal tyrosine as well as myristylation and palmitylation. Csk negatively regulates Src-family kinases by phosphorylation of their C-terminal regulatory tyrosine. Disruption of the csk gene causes constitutive activation of Src-family kinases, and overexpression of Csk usually counteracts their signaling. The Csk-mediated regulation of those Src-family kinases that are localized in lipid rafts is enabled by a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane adaptor PAG (also known as Cbp, Csk-binding protein), which recruits Csk.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CSK-04
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Human transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), also designated CD71, is a homodimeric type II membrane glycoprotein of 90-95 kDa. This receptor binds two molecules of the serum iron-transport protein transferrin (Tf) and is internalised into endosomes that are acidified, resulting in the release of iron from Tf. TfR1 is not expressed on resting leukocytes but is upregulated on all proliferating cells upon activation, reflecting the iron dependence of proliferation. In tissues TfR1 is expressed on most dividing cells and on brain capillary endothelium. Expression of TfR1 is down regulated as a result of iron overload. TfR1 shares 45% identity with TfR2.
SLP76 (SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa) is a cytosolic adaptor protein which translocates to the plasma mambrane and is involved in multiple signaling pathways in T cells, mast cells, neutrophils and platelets; B cells express its analog SLP65/BLNK (B cell linker protein). SLP76 is phosphorylated by Syk-family and Tec-family tyrosine kinases and couples them to the phosphorylation and activation of PLC-gamma. Via Gads or Grb2, SLP76 also associates with LAT adaptor by involvement of SLP76 proline-rich region. The SH2 domain of SLP76 has been identified as the region involved in binding the serine/threonine kinase HPK1. HPK1 may act as both a positive and a negative regulator by promoting the Jnk-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and inhibiting the pathway leading to AP-1 activation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SLP-76/3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Monoclonal antibody FA6-152 recognizes human CD36 (88-kDa), a cell surface class B scavenger receptor, also known as thrombospondin receptor CD36 is a heavily N-glycosylated transmembrane protein of ~88 kDa with two short intracellular domains and a large extracellular domain. The protein is sensitive for neuroaminidase, resulting in a shift from 88 to 85 kDa. CD36 is expressed on platelets, mature monocytes and macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells, mammary endothelial cells, during stages of erythroid cell development and on some macrophage derived dendritic cells. The antibody recognizes adult and fetal monocytes, platelets and reticulocytes, but doesnât stain lymphocytes and granulocytes. Reactivity has also been found in small intestine, kidney, liver and thyroid. CD36 expression is primarily controlled by the transcription heterodimer PPARg-RXR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g-retinoid-X-receptor). CD36 is preferentially found within lipid rafts, which facilitates its association with receptors, signaling and adaptor molecules. It is a receptor and transporter of oxidized lipids and long chain fatty acids. CD36 has been implicated in many biological processes including angiogenesis, phagocytosis, inflammation, and lipid and glucose metabolism. Several in vivo models support the role of the thrombospondin / CD36 system in angiogenesis and tumor growth. An important role for CD36 has been found in Malaria as major receptor for P. falciparum-infected red blood cells. CD36 is associated with Src-family kinases and with the integrins ?3β1 and ?6β1. Recently, CD36 has been identified as a protein that is required for toll like receptor (TLR2) recognition of di-acylated bacterial lipopeptides and lipoteichoic acid4. Furthermore, CD36 has been shown to function as phagocytic receptor for apoptotic cells. Many different ligands have been reported to interact with CD36, suggesting that CD36 could recognize a structure-based domain rather than specific contact residues. Monoclonal antibody FA6-152 blocks the biological activity of CD36 by blocking collagen/thrombospondin binding. The antibody agglutinates fetal but not adult erythrocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
FA6-152
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Edelman P et al. Blood 1986; 67: 56
References 2:
Kieffer N et al Biochem J 1989, 262: 835
References 3:
Thibert V et al. Thromb Haemost 1992; 68: 600
References 4:
Nakata A et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19: 1333
LIME (Lck-interacting molecule) is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated protein with unusually basic cytoplasmic domain, expressed by T cells. After ligation of CD4 or CD8 T cell coreceptors, LIME is phosphorylated by Src-family kinases and associates with Lck and Fyn kinases and with their negative regulator Csk. Interestingly, Csk-mediated phosphorylation of C-terminal negative-regulatory tyrosine of LIME-associated Lck can result in increase of enzymatic activity compared with the total pool of Lck, thus, LIME serves as a positive regulator of TCR-dependent T cell signaling. However, under some circumstances, LIME may mediate inhibitory signals.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LIME-10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
LIME (Lck-interacting molecule) is a 30 kDa double-palmitoylated protein with unusually basic cytoplasmic domain, expressed by T cells. After ligation of CD4 or CD8 T cell coreceptors, LIME is phosphorylated by Src-family kinases and associates with Lck and Fyn kinases and with their negative regulator Csk. Interestingly, Csk-mediated phosphorylation of C-terminal negative-regulatory tyrosine of LIME-associated Lck can result in increase of enzymatic activity compared with the total pool of Lck, thus, LIME serves as a positive regulator of TCR-dependent T cell signaling. However, under some circumstances, LIME may mediate inhibitory signals.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LIME-06
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
For IHC-P protease treatment and/or microwave treatment recommended). The antibody reagent represents an excellent marker to study palmoplantar epidermal distribution and differentiation. Specifically reactive in the middle/upper suprabasal layers (stratum spinosum/ granulosum) of the epidermis of palm and sole. K9 can be detected in primary cultures of palmoplantar keratinocytes when they shift to differentiation-promoting conditions and grow stratified (upper cells). K9 has not been found in normal, i.e. non-pathogenic, non-ridged epidermis, beside some minor cells surrounding the acrosyringeal ducts. No labelling has been found in epithelial cells of other stratified epithelia such as oesophagus or complex epithelia (e.g. urothelium) or in ductal or simple epithelia. Negative tissues include: muscle, liver and duodenum. The antibody cocktail is an excellent tool to characterize primary cultures of keratinocytes/skin transplants for application in burn treatment.
ACTH (same as corticotropin) is a 39 amino acid active peptide produced by the anterior pituitary. 2F6 is specific to synacthen (aa 1-24 of ACTH); does not react with CLIP (aa 17-39 of ACTH). ACTH is also produced by cells of the immune system (T-cells, B-cells, and macrophages) in response to stimuli associated with stress.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2F6
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kimitsuki K. et al. J Vet Med Sci 76(1) 133-138 (2014).
The antibody represents an excellent marker for non-keratinized squamous epithelia and proliferating cells of epidermis (e.g. within psoriatic lesions).Polypeptide Reacting: Mr 56 000 polypeptide (cytokeratin 6) of human squamous epithelia. Tissues and Tumors specifically detected: The antibody is suitable for discrimination of keratinizing and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma versus e.g. poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.
The monoclonal antibody TLR3.7 recognizes the 116 kDa human Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3, CD283). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. TLRs constitute of a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate cellular responses to a large variety of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, and parasites) by specific recognition of so-called âpathogen-associated molecular patternsâ. Activation of TLRs, a family of at least 11 different members that function either as homo- or heterodimers, leads to activation of NFκBdependent and IFN-regulatory factor-dependent signaling pathways. TLRs have a central role in innate immunity and are also required for the development of an adaptive immune response. TLRs are expressed by various cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. TLRs are class I receptors, with a single ?-helix that spans the cell membrane. They recognize and respond to molecules derived from bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, peptidoglycan fragments from bacterial cell walls and single-stranded and double-stranded RNA from viruses.<br /> Some forms of RNA and DNA from pathogens exhibit immutable features that distinguish them from nucleic acids of higher organisms. For example, dsRNA, is a common intermediate of viral replication and a potent indicator of infection. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes viral double-stranded RNA and its synthetic analog polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). TLR3 is normally located in acidic endosomes where its luminal ectodomain (ECD) encounters dsRNA and induces type I interferon (IFN), inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production and dendritic cell (DC) maturation via the adaptor protein TICAM-1 (also called TRIF). Based on the different subcellular localization of cytosolic RNA receptors and TLR3, these receptors seem to play distinct roles in anti-viral immune responses.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TLR3.7
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matsumoto; M et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 293: 1364
References 2:
Oshiumi, H et al Nat Immunol 2003, 4: 161
References 3:
Matsumoto; M et al. J Immunol 2003; 171: 3154
References 4:
Burgener I et al. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008; 124
5H4-E2 reacts with hCG beta chain, which is specific for hCG. The alpha chain is identical among hCG, TSH, FSH and LH. While hCG is secreted in large quantities by normal trophoblasts, it is present only in trace amounts in non-pregnant urine and sera but rises sharply during pregnancy. Besides trophoblastic tumors e.g. choriocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung are also positive in 90%, 60% and 20% of cases respectively. In hCG producing tumors, including also certain testicular and embryonic carcinomas, the beta chain is produced in higher quantities than the alpha or dimeric chains. hCG expression by non-trophoblastic tumors may indicate aggressive behavior.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
5H4-E2
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
McDonald EA et. al. Endocrinology 150:4358-65 (2009)
Thyrotropin (hTSH) promotes the growth of the thyroid gland in the neck and stimulates it to produce more thyroid hormones. hTSH is composed of two subunits - alpha nad beta.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TSH-116
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Thyrotropin (hTSH) promotes the growth of the thyroid gland in the neck and stimulates it to produce more thyroid hormones. hTSH is composed of two subunits - alpha nad beta.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TSH-51
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Choriogonadotropin (hCG) is a protein of the molecular weight about 40 kDa. It belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family together with lutropin (LH), follitropin (FSH) and thyrotropin (TSH). Choriogonadotropin is synthesised by trophoblastic cells of the placenta during pregnancy and stimulates the growth of corpus luteum. The other hormones are produced by anterior pituitary gland. All these hormones are structurally related, being composed of two noncovalently associated subunits alpha and beta.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HCG-61
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Plakoglobin, also known as gamma-catenin belongs together with alpha- and beta catenin to the catenin family. Catenins mediates cell-cell adhesion by interaction with cadherins. Plakoglobin is found in desmosomes and adherens junctions. Plakoglobin is highly homologous to beta-catenin although its function differs from that of beta-catenin. Whereas beta-catenin has been found in potentiating hyperproliferation and tumor formation, plakoglobin can suppress tumorigenicity. Overexpression of plakoglobin has been shown to suppress cell proliferation and cell tumorigenicity in animals. Furthermore reduced plakoglobin expression has been found in tumor tissues and metastatic lesions of renal cells, esophageal carcinomas and in skin carcinomas. The monoclonal antibody 15F11 cross reacts with rat and weakly with mouse.
Desmoglein 3 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family that comprise the desmogleins and desmocollins. Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions in most epithelial cells and serve to link the intermediate filament cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Within the desmosome the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Desmoglein 3 is synthesized in both the basal and the lower suprabasal compartments. The monoclonal antibody 5G11 reacts with the 140 kDa desmoglein 3 protein. Furthermore it is not cross reactive with desmoglein 1 or desmoglein 2.
The monoclonal antibody 6D8 recognizes the extracellular domain of human desmoglein-2. Desmogleins and desmocollins are members of the cadherin family of transmembrane proteins that together make up the core of the desmosome, a structure that provides transmembrane strength to tissues undergoing mechanical stress. The desmosomal cadherins, desmogleins and desmocollins, mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by forming homotypic and heterotypic interactions with one another. The multiprotein desmosomal complex also includes the cytoplasmic desmosomal plaque proteins plakoglobin, phakophilins, and desmoplakin, which bind to the intracellular domain of the desmogleins and function to anchor the keratin intermediate filament network to site of cellcell contacts.<br /> In human, four desmogleins have been identified (Dsg14). Desmogleins are synthesized with a signal peptide that directs them to the endoplasmic reticulum and a proregion that is removed during protein processing. The mature protein includes four highly conserved extracellular domains (EC 14) and a fifth membrane proximal, more variable EC domain that is referred to as the &ldquo;extracellular anchor domain. Desmoglein-2 is expressed on various cells including simple epithelia and myocardium, tumors and and many cell cultures.<br /> Desmogleins play critical roles in cell adhesion and skin blistering diseases, as they are the target antigens of autoimmune antibodies and bacterial toxins. Desmosomal dysfunction has been implicated in a number of diseases, including striate palmoplantar keratoderma, skin fragility, and ectodermal dysplasia, and most recently arrhythmic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC).
Desmoglein 1 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family that comprise the desmogleins and desmocollins. Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions in most epithelial cells and serve to link the intermediate filament cytoskeletons of adjacent cells. Within the desmosome the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Desmoglein 1 is synthesized exclusively in the suprabasal layers. Intact and functionally active desmoglein 1 is essential to epidermal integrity. The monoclonal antibody 27B2 reacts with the 165 kDa desmoglein 1 protein. Furthermore it is not cross reactive with desmoglein 2 or desmoglein 3.
Beta-catenin belongs together with alpha- and gamma-catenin to the catenin family. Catenins mediates cell-cell adhesion by interaction with cadherins. Beta-catenin is highly homologous to gamma-catenin (plakoglobin) although its function differs from that of plakoglobin. Whereas plakoglobin has been found to suppress tumorigenicity, beta-catenin potentiates hyperproliferation and tumor formation. In the nucleus beta-catenin it complexes with transcription factors and thus regulates the expression of specific genes. By its dual role, i.e. a structural role in cell-cell junctions and a regulatory role in the nucleus, beta-catenin can transduce changes in cell adhesion and junction formation to control transmembrane signalling and gene expression.
The monoclonal antibody M.Ab.F11 recognizes junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) also known as the human platelet F11-Receptor (F11R) or JAM-1. JAM-A is a surface glycoprotein duplex (32 and 35 kDa) belongingto the immunoglobulin superfamily found on the surface of human platelets and at intercellular junctions of endothelial cells and epithelial cells. JAM-A belongs together with JAM-C (JAM-2) and JAM-B (VE-JAM or JAM-3) to a family of adhesion proteins with a V-C2 immunoglobulin domain organization. JAM-A plays an important role in tight junctions where it is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion through homophilic interactions. It co-distributes with other tight junction components such as ZO-1, 7H6 antigen, cingulin and occludin. Moreover, JAM-A plays a role in platelet aggregation, secretion, adhesion, spreading.<br /> In the platelet, JAM-A is a membrane protein involved in 2 distinct processes initiated on the platelet surface. Namely,, antibody-induced platelet aggregation and secretion both dependent on FcgammaRII and GPIIb/IIIa integrin, a process that may be involved in pathophysiological processes associated with certain thrombocytopenias and secondly, antibody mediated platelet adhesion independent from FcgammaRII or- fibrinogen receptor that appears to play a role in physiological processes associated with platelet adhesion and aggregation. A physiological role for the JAM-A protein was demonstrated by its phosphorylation after the stimulation of platelets by thrombin and collagen. A pathophysiological role for the JAM-A was revealed by demonstrating the presence of JAM-A antibodies in patients with thrombocytopenia. Adhesion of platelets through JAM-A resulted in events characteristic of the action of cell adhesion molecules. Recent data suggests a role for JAM-A in the adhesion of platelets to cytokine-inflamed endothelial cells and thus in thrombosis and atherosclerosis induced in non-denuded blood vessels by inflammatory processes.
The monoclonal antibody BV16 recognizes the human junction adhesion molecule (JAM)-A. Together with JAM-C (JAM-2) and JAM-B (VE-JAM or JAM-3), JAM-A belongs to a family of adhesion proteins with a V-C2 immunoglobulin domain organization and their molecular weight is about 30-40 kDa. JAMs are important for a variety of cellular processes, including tight junction assembly, leukocyte transmigration, platelet activation, angiogenesis and virus binding. JAM-A is expressed by endothelial and epithelial cells, platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and erythrocytes. Like all other JAMs, JAM-A plays an important role in tight junctions where it is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion through homophilic interaction. It codistributes with other tight junction components as ZO-1, 7H6 antigen, cingulin and occludin. JAM-A also plays an important role in leukocyte transmigration. Leukocyte transmigration can be blocked by antibodies and by soluble JAM-A/Fc fusion proteins. Homophilic JAM-A interactions between leukocytes and the endothelium but also heterophilic interactions of JAM-A with the beta2-integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) are considered to actively guide leukocytes during transmigration. Several studies imply a role for JAM-A in the initiation of atherosclerosis since JAM-A is upregulated on early atherosclerotic endothelium. The adhesion of activated platelets on the activated endothelium is mediated by homophilic interactions of JAM-A.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BV16
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bazzoni; G et al. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 20520
References 2:
Luo, Y et al Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006, 47: 3644
7LE reacts with Lewis a blood group antigen, a carbohydrate determinant present on both glycolipids and glycoproteins, expressed a.o. in colonic and kidney epithelial cells. Lewis a may be useful for detection of gastrointestinal, pancreatic and colorectal carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
7LE
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Creuzot-Garcher et al. Invest Oph(thalmol Vis Sci. 40(8):1631-6 (1999)
References 2:
Torrado et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1(3): 199-205 (1992)
References 3:
Torrado et al. Gastroenterology, 102 (2): 424-430 (1992)
Monoclonal antibody BV1 recognizes human vitronectin. Vitronectin is an abundant glycoprotein (~75 kDa), consisting of 459 amino acids. About one third of the protein molecular mass is composed of carbohydrates. Vitronectin is found in blood plasma and the extracellular matrix. Vitronectin is a multifunctional protein, since it promotes attachment and spreading of animal cells in vitro, it inhibits cytolysis by the complement C5b-9 complex, and it modulates antithrombin III-thrombin action in blood coagulation. The protein consists of three domains: the N-terminal Somatomedin B domain (1-39), a central domain with hemopexin homology (131-342) and a C-terminal domain (347-459) also with hemopexin homology. The Somatomedin B domain binds to Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and is responsible for PAI-1 stabilization. Furthermore, the Somatomedin B domain can also interact with the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). Vitronectin-uPAR interaction is required and sufficient to initiate downstream changes in cell morphology, migration and signal transduction. High plasma levels of both PAI-1 and uPAR have been shown to correlate with a negative prognosis for cancer patients. Additionally, vitronectin is a component of platelets and is as such involved in hemostasis. Amino acid 45-47 (RGD) are capable of binding to membrane bound integrins, which serve to anchor cells to the extracellular matrix. Vitronectin in plasma is an inactive monomer form. In contrast, tissue vitronectin is an active multimeric form and is able to interact with various matrix ligands like proteoglycans and collagen. Mice with a genetic deletion of vitronectin show delayed wound healing, suggesting an important role of vitronectin in tissue remodeling after injury. The monoclonal antibody BV1 binds to soluble vitronectin as well as to membrane bound vitronectin.
2-25LE reacts with Lewis b antigen which is highly expressed in stomach, colon, small intestine, lung and kidney and to a lesser extent in salivary gland, bladder, uterus and liver
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2-25LE
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bara et al. Cancer Res. 46: 3983-3898 (1986)
References 2:
Bara et al. Biochem. J. 254: 185-193 (1988)
References 3:
Creuzot-Garcher et al. Invest Oph(thalmol Vis Sci. 40(8):1631-6 (1999)
References 4:
Good et al. Vox Sanguinis 62(3): 180-189 (1992)
References 5:
Torrado et al. Gastroenterology, 102 (2): 424-430 (1992)
Cardiotin is a high molecular weight protein complex (300 kDa) located in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle. The cardiotin structure exists of subunits of 60 kDa and 100 kDa, probably in a tetrameric configuRation. Both subunits contain the same amino-terminal 14 amino-acid sequence, showing high homology to Human skeletal muscle ?-actinin. During cardiac contractile dysfunction and myocard cell differentiation, the cardiotin distribution is affected. Compared to other structural proteins, cardiotin is one of the first to respond to insults (ischemia, fibrillation) that influence the functional status of cardiomyocytes. SR-2 reacts with cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle, stromal and epithelial cells as well in vivo as in vitro.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins and are characterized by a remarkable biochemical diversity, represented in Human epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. They range in molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa and isoelectric pH between 4.9 7.8. The individual Human Cytokeratins are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the Human body usually express Cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of matuRation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The Cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays. RCK107 reacts exclusively with Cytokeratin 14 which is present in basal cell compartments of stRatified and combined epithelia.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RCK107
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.09% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wetzels et al. Am J Pathol 1991;138:751-763
References 2:
Smedts et al. Am J Pathol 1992;140:601-612
References 3:
Bauwens et al. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1992;101:479-486
References 4:
van Leenders et al. Lab Invest 2000;80:1251-8
References 5:
Spies et al. Vos et al. Vet Pathol 1993;30:352-361
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratin pan is part of a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins that are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity, and represented in human epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. Cytokeratins range in molecular weight between 40 kDa- 68 kDa, and an isoelectric pH between 4.9-7.8. The individual human cytokeratins are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the human body usually express cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of maturation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays. The composition of cytokeratin pairs vary with the epithelial cell type, stage of differentiation, cellular growth environment, and disease state. Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AE-3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Woodcock-Mitchell, J., et al., J. Cell Biol. 95, 580-588 (1982).
References 2:
Tseng, S.C.G., et al., Cell 30, 361-372 (1982).
References 3:
Eichner, R., et al., J. Cell Biol. 98, 1388-1396 (1984)
References 4:
Sun, T.-T., et al., The Cancer Cell 1,169-176 (1984)
Cytokeratin pan is part of a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins that are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity, and represented in human epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. Cytokeratins range in molecular weight between 40 kDa- 68 kDa, and an isoelectric pH between 4.9-7.8. The individual human cytokeratins are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the human body usually express cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of maturation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays. The composition of cytokeratin pairs vary with the epithelial cell type, stage of differentiation, cellular growth environment, and disease state. Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AE-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Woodcock-Mitchell, J., et al., J. Cell Biol. 95, 580-588 (1982).
References 2:
Tseng, S.C.G., et al., Cell 30, 361-372 (1982).
References 3:
Eichner, R., et al., J. Cell Biol. 98, 1388-1396 (1984)
References 4:
Sun, T.-T., et al., The Cancer Cell 1,169-176 (1984)
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families. Cytokeratin 18 belongs to type I family (acidic cytokeratins).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DA-7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-43
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families. Cytokeratin 18 belongs to type I family (acidic cytokeratins).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-04
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BA-17
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-51
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Marker for the differentiation of 160 kD neurofilament peptide from other intermediate filament proteins. The antibody is useful for studying neurofilament expression and for tumor characterization (pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma and other tumors of neuronal origin). Positive control: human brain tissue
Marker for the differentiation of 200 kD neurofilament peptide from other intermediate filament proteins. The antibody is useful for studying neurofilament expression and for tumor characterization (pheochromo-cytoma, paraganglioma, ganglioneuroblastoma, gan-glioneuroma and other tumors of neuronal origin). Positive control: Human brain tissue.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-50
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins and are characterized by a remarkable biochemical diversity, represented in Human epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. They range in molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa and isoelectric pH between 4.9 7.8. The individual Human Cytokeratins are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the Human body usually express Cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of matuRation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The Cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays.
RGE 53 specifically recognizes simple and glandular epithelial cells from the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract and the urogenital tract, as well as endocrine and exocrine tissues and myoepithelial cells. No reaction with stratified squamous epithelia. In the transitional epithelium of the bladder RGE 53 reacts only with superficial (umbrella) cells. The antibody is useful for the discrimination of adenocarcinomas and mesotheliomas from squamous cell carcinomas and non-epithelial tumors. Polypeptide reacting: 45 kD keratin K18 (formerly also designated cytokeratin 18). Positive control: Adenocarcinoma
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RGE53
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Contains 0.1% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ramovs V et al. Breast Cancer Res 2019;21:63
References 2:
Herman CJ et al. Am J Pathol 1985;120:419
References 3:
Puts JJ et al. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1985;4:300-313
The antibody specifically recognizes the 56.6 kD keratin K10 (formerly also designated cytokeratin 10) polypeptide in squamous cells and carcinomas from e.g. epidermis, lung, bladder, cervix, esophagus.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DE-K10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Contains 0.09% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Larribere, L. et al. Stem.Cell.Reports 2017;9:1234-1245
References 2:
Langbein, L. et al. Cell Tissue Res. 2013;354:793812
References 3:
Wallace, L. et al. , J. Cell Sci.2012;125:17501758
References 4:
Langbein, L. et al. J. Invest. Dermatol2005;125:428444
References 5:
Boehnke, K. et al. Eur. J. Cell Biol.2007;86: 731746
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families. Cytokeratin 18 belongs to type I family (acidic cytokeratins).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
DC-10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Cytokeratin 19 is found in most simple epithelia and non keratinised squamous epithelia with predominant focal reactivity. RCK108 stains practically all epithelial tumours, especially adenocarcinoma. It is negative in hepatocellular carcinoma (4). Most medullary, weakly differentiated ductal carcinoma are also CK19-negative (3). Cytokeratins are a group of water insoluble filament proteins, which are constituents of the cytoskeleton of epidermal cells and other epithelial cells. By gel electrophoretic analysis up to now 20 different cytokeratins have been characterized. They have been divided into basic and acid subfamilies and may also be distinguished by their molecular weights and their tissue distribution. The most frequently used nomenclature has been published by R. Moll et al. (1982). Antibody RCK108 reacts with a 40 kDa keratin (Cytokeratin 19) in immunoblot.
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filaments and are characterized by remarkable biochemical diversity. They are represented in epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides, molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa. The individual cytokeratin polypeptides are designated 1 to 20 and divided into the type I (acidic cytokeratins 9-20) and type II (basic to neutral cytokeratins 1-8) families.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-46
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
The antibody does not stain non-cornifying squamous epithelium and transitional epithelium of the bladder. In immunoblotting experiments the antibody recognizes only keratin no. 13 (54 kDa).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2D7
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP et al. (1986) Exp Cell Res 162, 97-113
References 2:
Niekerk CC van et al. (1991) J Pathol 165, 145
References 3:
Ramaekers F (1990) Am J Pathol 136, 641
References 4:
Niekerk CC van et al. (1989) Int J Cancer 43, 1065
The antibody does not stain non-cornified squamous epithelia, except cornea and transitional epithelial regions, with the exception of basal cell layers of some stratified epithelia (ref. 1). In immunoblotting experiments the antibody was shown to recognize only cytokeratin no. 13 (54 kDa).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1C7
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP et al. (1986) Exp Cell Res 162, 97-113
References 2:
Muijen GNP et al. (1987) Exp Cell Res 171, 331-345
The antibody stains non-cornifying squamous epithelium and transitional epithelium of the bladder, cells in certain ciliated pseudo-stratified epithelia and ductal epithelia of various exocrine glands. In immunoblotting experiments the antibody was shown to recognize only cytokeratin no.4 (59 kDa).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6B10
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP et al. (1986) Exp Cell Res 162, 97-113
References 2:
Muijen GNP et al. (1987) Exp Cell Res 171, 331-345
Cytokeratins are a subfamily of intermediate filament proteins and are characterized by a remarkable biochemical diversity, represented in Human epithelial tissues by at least 20 different polypeptides. They range in molecular weight between 40 kDa and 68 kDa and isoelectric pH between 4.9 7.8. The individual Human Cytokeratins are numbered 1 to 20. The various epithelia in the Human body usually express Cytokeratins which are not only characteristic of the type of epithelium, but also related to the degree of maturation or differentiation within an epithelium. Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The Cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OVTL12/30
Concentration:
100 ug/ ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.1% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ramaekers, F. et al. 1990 Am J Pathol 136, 641-55
References 2:
van Niekerk, CC et al. 1991 J Pathol 165, 145-52
References 3:
van de Molengraft, F.J et al. 1993 Histopathology 22, 35-8
References 4:
van Niekerk, CC et al. 1997 Cancer Detect Prev 21, 247-57
GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) was discovered by Bignami et al. (1972) as a major fibrous protein of multiple sclerosis plaques. It was subsequently found to be a member of the 10 nm or intermediate filament protein family, specifically the intermediate filament protein family class III, which also includes peripherin, desmin and vimentin. GFAP is heavily, and specifically, expressed in astrocytes and certain other astroglia in the central nervous system, in satellite cells in peripheral ganglia, and in non-myelinating Schwann cells in peripheral nerves. In addition, neural stem cells frequently strongly express GFAP. It is also found in the lens epithelium, Kupffer cells of the liver, in some cells in salivary tumors and has been reported in erythrocytes. Although its function is not fully understood, GFAP protein is probably involved in controlling the shape and movement of astrocytes. The protein probably also plays a significant role in the interactions of astrocytes with other cells, which are required for the formation and maintenance of the insulating layer (myelin) that covers nerve cells. Additionally, GFAP protein may assist in maintaining the protective barrier that allows only certain substances to pass between blood vessels and the brain (blood-brain barrier).In adults, GFAP levels increase as a result of the proliferation of astrocytes that occurs in a response to a variety of physical, chemical and etiological insults, including Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy and multiple sclerosis.Antibodies to GFAP are therefore very useful as markers of astrocytic cells and neural stem cells and for distinguishing of neoplasms of astrocytic origin from other neoplasms in the central nervous system. Finally, Alexander's disease was recently shown to be caused by point mutations in protein coding region of the GFAP gene (Brenner et al., 2001). All forms of Alexander disease are characterized by the presence of Rosenthal fibers, which are GFAP containing cytoplasmic inclusions found in astrocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GF-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Neurofilaments (NFs) are a type of intermediate filament (IF) expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells, and in those cells most prominently in large axons. NFs in most vertebrates are composed of three different polypeptide chains with different molecular weights – neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light protein (NF-L), which share sequence and structural similarity in a coiled-coil core domain, but differ in the length and sequence of their N-termini and more dramatically of their C-termini which in the case of NF-M and NF-H form the flexible extensions that link NFs to each other and to other elements in the cytoplasm. The protein segment on the C-terminal side of the human NF-H rod is uniquely long (more than 600 amino acids) compared to other IF proteins and is highly charged (> 24 % Glu, > 25 % Lys), rich in proline (> 12 %) and improverished in cysteine, methionine and aromatic amino acids. Its most remarkable feature is a repetitive sequence that covers more than half its lenght and includes the sekvence motif Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) greater than 40 times. Plasma neurofilament heavy chain level has been proposed as a marker of axonal injury and clinical use of its degeneration and loss has been suggested as a biomarker of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NF-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with 15 mM sodium azide
Mab RCK 102, directed against the 58 kD and 52.2 kD keratin proteins (keratins K5 and K8; formerly also designated cytokeratins 5 and 8 in the Moll catalogue of keratins), reacts with all epithelial cell types. No reaction is observed in non-epithelial tissues. The antibody can be used for the discrimination of carcinomas from non-epithelial tumors such as lymphomas, sarcomas and neural tumors. RCK 102 is applicable on frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue. Formalin fixation may cause antigen denaturation or masking. Therefore, protease digestion is necessary prior to antibody application. Positive control: Skin, cervix.
The antibody does stain especially simple epithelia. Only frozen sections can be used in immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence tests. In immunoblotting experiments the antibody was shown to recognize only keratin no.18 (45 kDa).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M9
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van et al. (1987) Exp Cell Res 171, 331-345
The antibody does stain all cells that contain vimentin. Only frozen section can be used. The antibody only stains the 57kDa vimentin band in immunoblots performed on a lysate of human lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
V9
Concentration:
25 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van (1984) Am J Pathol 116, 363-369
References 2:
Debus E et al. (1984) Eur J Cell Biol 34, 137-143
References 3:
Muijen G van (1986) Exp Cell Res 162; 97-113
References 4:
Corver WE et al. (1994) Cytometry 15, 117-128
References 5:
Broek JCM van den et al. (2000) Appl Immunohis & Mol Morphology 8, 316-321
The antibody does stain neurons in sections of brain and other tissues. On an immunoblot on a crude human brain extract the antibody will only stain the 70 kDa band of neurofilament (ref. 1)
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2F11
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van et al. (1984) Am J Pathol. 116, 363-369
References 2:
Klück P et al. (1984) Lancet (March 24th), 652-653
References 3:
Muijen GNP van et al. (1985) Hum Pathol 16, 590-595
References 4:
Banks-Schlegel SP et al. (1985) Cancer Res 406, 339
The antibody does stain all types of keratin containing (that is epithelial) cells in frozen sections of various tissues, with the exception of myo-epithelial cells and the podocytes of the glomeruli.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
80
Concentration:
15 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van (1984) Am J Pathol 114, 9
References 2:
Muijen GNP van (1984) Am J. Pathol 116, 363
References 3:
Muijen GNP van (1985) Hum Pathol 16, 590
References 4:
Corver WE et al. (2000) Cytometry 41, 73-80
References 5:
Broek, JCM van et al. (2000) Appl. Immunohis. & Mol. Morph. 8, 316-321
The antibody stains cells containing GFAP. The antibody only stains the 56kD GFAP band in immunoblots performed on crude brain extract. It reacts also with mouse GFAP
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6F2
Concentration:
25 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van et al. (1987) Lab Invest 57, 359-369
This antibody is highly reactive with desmin. On immunoblots only the 52 kD desmin band is stained. Immunogen derived from human Leiomyoma. No cross reactivity with GFAP, Keratin, Vimentin or Neurofilament detected.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
D33
Concentration:
20 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
Culture medium with 0.01M Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Muijen GNP van et al. (1987) Lab Invest 57, 359-369
References 2:
Seidal T et al. (1987) Appl Pathol 5, 201-219
References 3:
Ramaekers F et al. (1983) Histochemical J 15, 691-713
References 4:
Broek JCM van et al. (2000) Appl Immunohis & Mol Morph 8, 316-321
Cytokeratin subtype expression patterns are used to an increasing extent in the distinction of different types of epithelial malignancies. The Cytokeratin antibodies are not only of assistance in the differential diagnosis of tumors using immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, but are also a useful tool in cytopathology and flow cytometric assays. RCK103 is a Cytokeratin antibody recognizing (amongst others) Cytokeratin 5. This monoclonal antibody stains basal cells in combined and stRatified epithelial tissues. It recognizes the stem cell population, including the so-called amplifying cells in the prostate epithelium.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human RAGE, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by six amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. It interacts with distinct molecules implicated in homeostasis, development and inflammation, and certain diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. RAGE is also a central cell surface receptor for amphoterin and EN-RAGE. And RAGE is associated with sustained NF-kappaB activation in the diabetic microenvironment and has a central role in sensory neuronal dysfunction. Moreover, RAGE propagates cellular dysfunction in several inflammatory disorders and diabetes, and it also functions as an endothelial adhesion receptor promoting leukocyte recruitment. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GOT1 gene. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme which exists in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms, GOT1 and GOT2, respectively. GOT plays a role in amino acid metabolism and the urea and tricarboxylic acid cycles. The two enzymes are homodimeric and show close homology. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Kelch-like protein 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLHL12 gene. This gene encodes a member of the KLHL (Kelch-like) family of proteins. This protein has been identified as an autoantigen in the autoimmune disease Sjogren's syndrome and as a potential biomarker in primary biliary cirrhosis. This protein may act as a substrate adaptor of the Cullin-3 ubiquitin ligase complex to promote substrate-specific ubiquitylation. Ubiquitylation by this complex has been shown to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway as well as COPII vesicle coat size. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 22. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Transcription factor Sp1, also known as specificity protein 1* is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SP1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many promoters. The encoded protein is involved in many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, cell growth, apoptosis, immune responses, response to DNA damage, and chromatin remodeling. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic processing significantly affect the activity of this protein, which can be an activator or a repressor. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Lamin A/C recombinant protein (Position: Y481-Y646). Human Lamin A/C shares 90% and 92% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Lamin A/C, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Lamins are structural protein components of the nuclear lamina, a protein network underlying the inner nuclear membrane that determines nuclear shape and size. There are three types of lamins, A,B and C. The lamin A/C (LMNA) gene contains 12 exons. Alternative splicing within exon 10 gives rise to two different mRNAs that code for pre-lamin A and lamin C. Lamin A/C is mapped to 1q21.2-q21.3 and mutations in this gene cause a variety of human diseases including Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. Lamin A/C deficiency is thus associated with both defective nuclear mechanics and impaired mechanically activated gene transcription. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CTBP2 recombinant protein (Position: H321-Q445). human CTBP2 shares 99.2% and 98.4% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CTBP2, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: The E1a region of group C adenoviruses encodes 2 nearly identical proteins that are largely responsible for the oncogenic properties of adenoviruses. The CTBP1 protein binds to the C-terminal half of these E1A proteins. It's predicted that CTBP2 is a 445-amino acid protein and it is 72% identical to CTBP1. The CTBP2 gene is mapped to chromosome 10q26.13. CTBP2 is a mammalian corepressor that targets diverse transcriptional regulators. It bounds the short medial portion of delta-EF1 containing the PLDLSL motif and it enhances transrepression activity of delta-EF1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Desmoglein-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DSG2 gene. These desmoglein gene family members are located in a cluster on chromosome 18. This second family member is expressed in colon, colon carcinoma, and other simple and stratified epithelial-derived cell lines. Mutations in DSG2 display a high degree of penetrance. Disease expression was of variable severity with LV involvement a prominent feature. The low prevalence of classical ECG changes highlights the need to expand current diagnostic criteria to take account of LV disease, childhood disease expression, and incomplete penetrance. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Annexin A1 recombinant protein (Position: A2-N346). Human Annexin A1 shares 88% and 89% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Annexin A1, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ANXA1, also known as lipocortin I or Annexin A1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANXA1 gene. It is mapped to 9q21.13. ANXA1 belongs to a family of Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding proteins which have a molecular weight of approximately 35,000 to 40,000 and are preferentially located on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. ANXA1 protein has an apparent relative molecular mass of 40 kDa, with phospholipase A2 inhibitory activity. Lower peptide concentrations possibly found in inflammatory situations elicit Ca(2+) transients without fully activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. This causes a specific inhibition of the transendothelial migration of neutrophils and a desensitization of neutrophils toward a chemoattractant challenge. These findings identified ANXA1 peptides as novel, endogenous FPR ligands and established a mechanistic basis of ANXA1-mediated antiinflammatory effects. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARK7 recombinant protein (Position: A2-D189). Human PARK7 shares 91% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat PARK7.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7, also known as DJ1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PARK7 gene. PARK7 belongs to the peptidase C56 family of proteins. PARK7 is mapped to chromosome 1p36. It acts as a positive regulator of androgen receptor-dependent transcription. It is also involved in tumorigenesis and in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. This gene may also function as a redox-sensitive chaperone, as a sensor foroxidative stress, and it apparently protects neurons against oxidative stress and cell death. It has been found that PARK7 mutations that impair transcriptional coactivator function can render dopaminergic neurons vulnerable to apoptosis and may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aconitase 2, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACO2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the second step of the TCA cycle. This protein is encoded in the nucleus and functions in the mitochondrion. It was found to be one of the mitochondrial matrix proteins that are preferentially degraded by the serine protease 15(PRSS15), also known as Lon protease, after oxidative modification. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human gamma Catenin recombinant protein (Position: M556-A745). Human gamma Catenin shares 98% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat gamma Catenin.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Junction plakoglobin(JUP), also known as gamma-catenin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUP gene. It is a member of the catenin protein family and homologous to ?-catenin, and it is mapped to 17q21.2. This gene encodes a major cytoplasmic protein that is the only known constituent common to submembranous plaques of both desmosomes and intermediate junctions. This protein forms distinct complexes with cadherins and desmosomal cadherins. Meanwhile, JUP may have distinct roles in Wnt signaling and cancer via differential effects on downstream target genes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human LYRIC recombinant protein (Position: D101-Q270). Human LYRIC shares 94% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat LYRIC.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: MTDH (Metadherin), also known as protein LYRIC or astrocyte elevated gene-1 protein (AEG-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTDH gene. AEG-1 is involved in HIF-1alpha mediated angiogenesis. AEG-1 also interacts with SND1 and involved in RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and plays very important role in RISC and miRNA functions. AEG-1 induces an oncogene called Late SV40 factor (LSF/TFCP2) which is involved in thymidylate synthase (TS) induction and DNA biosynthesis synthesis. Late SV40 factor (LSF/TFCP2) enhances angiogenesis by transcriptionally up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). AEG-1 acts as an oncogene in melanoma, malignant glioma, breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is highly expressed in these cancers and helps in progression and development of these cancers. It is induced by c-Myc oncogene and plays very important role in anchorage independent growth of cancer cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human MDH2 recombinant protein (Position: A9-L223). Human MDH2 shares 97.7% and 98.1% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat MDH2, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial also known as malate dehydrogenase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MDH2 gene. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the mitochondria and may play pivotal roles in the malate-aspartate shuttle that operates in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Calnexin (CNX) is a 67 kDa integral protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. This gene encodes a member of the calnexin family of molecular chaperones. The encoded protein is a calcium-binding, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that interacts transiently with newly synthesized N-linked glycoproteins, facilitating protein folding and assembly. It may also play a central role in the quality control of protein folding by retaining incorrectly folded protein subunits within the ER for degradation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15, also known as positive cofactor 4 (PC4) or SUB1 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUB1 gene. This gene is mapped to 5p13.3. The transcriptional cofactor PC4 is an ancient single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein that has a homologue in bacteriophage T5 where it is likely the elusive replicative ssDNA-binding protein. The recombinant PC4 is shown to function identically to the native protein through its interaction with TAFs. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Claudin 3, also known as CLDN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN3 gene. Tight junctions represent one mode of cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelial or endothelial cell sheets, forming continuous seals around cells and serving as a physical barrier to prevent solutes and water from passing freely through the paracellular space. These junctions are comprised of sets of continuous networking strands in the outwardly facing cytoplasmic leaflet, with complementary grooves in the inwardly facing extracytoplasmic leaflet. The protein encoded by this intronless gene, a member of the claudin family, is an integral membrane protein and a component of tight junction strands. It is also a low-affinity receptor for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, and shares aa sequence similarity with a putative apoptosis-related protein found in rat. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: NADP-dependent malic enzyme is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ME1 gene. This gene encodes a cytosolic, NADP-dependent enzyme that generates NADPH for fatty acid biosynthesis. The activity of this enzyme, the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of malate, links the glycolytic and citric acid cycles. The regulation of expression for this gene is complex. Increased expression can result from elevated levels of thyroid hormones or by higher proportions of carbohydrates in the diet. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF6 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is one subunit of a cleavage factor required for 3' RNA cleavage and polyadenylation processing. The interaction of the protein with the RNA is one of the earliest steps in the assembly of the 3' end processing complex and facilitates the recruitment of other processing factors. The cleavage factor complex is composed of four polypeptides. This gene encodes the 68kD subunit. It has a domain organization reminiscent of spliceosomal proteins. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Solute carrier family 12(sodium/potassium/chloride transporters), member 2, also known as NKCC1, is widely distributed throughout the body, especially in organs that secrete fluids, called exocrine glands. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, this gene is mapped to chromosome 5q23.3. The protein encoded by this gene mediates sodium and chloride transport and reabsorption. The encoded protein is a membrane protein and is important in maintaining proper ionic balance and cell volume. This protein is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ZEB1 (Zinc Finger E Box-Binding Homeobox 1), also called TCF8, NIL2A or DELTA-EF1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZEB1 gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized the ZEB1 gene to chromosome 10p11.2. Krafchak et al. (2005) demonstrated a complex (core plus secondary) binding site for TCF8 in the promoter of the COL4A3 gene, mutant in Alport syndrome and which encodes collagen type IV alpha-3. They detected expression of TCF8 in cornea. Nishimura et al. (2006) found that delta-Ef1 was upregulated during differentiation in a mouse smooth muscle cell (SMC) line. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ILK, also known as Integrin-linked kinase, is a serine-threonine protein kinase. Transduction of extracellular matrix signals through integrins influences intracellular and extracellular functions, and appears to require interaction of integrin cytoplasmic domains with cellular proteins. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of beta-1 integrin. This gene was initially described to encode a serine/ threonine protein kinase with 4 ankyrin-like repeats, which associates with the cytoplasmic domain of beta integrins and acts as a proximal receptor kinase regulating integrin-mediated signal transduction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Recent results showed that ILK contains 5 ankyrin-like repeats, and that the C-terminal kinase domain is actually a pseudo-kinase with adaptor function. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Glycine decarboxylase also known as glycine cleavage system P protein or glycine dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GLDC gene. Degradation of glycine is brought about by the glycine cleavage system, which is composed of four mitochondrial protein components: P protein (a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent glycine decarboxylase), H protein (a lipoic acid-containing protein), T protein (a tetrahydrofolate-requiring enzyme), and L protein (a lipoamide dehydrogenase). The protein encoded by this gene is the P protein, which binds to glycine and enables the methylamine group from glycine to be transferred to the T protein. Defects in this gene are a cause of nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: WD repeat-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WDR1 gene. It is mapped to 4p16.1. This gene encodes a protein containing 9 WD repeats. WD repeats are approximately 30- to 40-amino acid domains containing several conserved residues, mostly including a trp-asp at the C-terminal end. WD domains are involved in protein-protein interactions. The encoded protein may help induce the disassembly of actin filaments. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human Ataxin 1, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by one amino acid.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Ataxin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATXN1 gene. The ATXN1 gene had been mapped to 6p23 by in situ hybridization. Ataxin-1 (ATXN1), a causative factor for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), and the related Brother of ATXN1 (BOAT1) are human proteins involved in transcriptional repression. ATXN1 and BOAT1 might participate in several Notch-controlled developmental and pathological processes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chainis aproteinthat in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRAgene. It is mapped to 6p21.32. HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chainis aproteinthat in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRAgene. It is mapped to 6p21.32. HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human Annexin A3, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and from the related rat sequence by three amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Annexin A3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Annexin A3 gene. The Annexin A3 gene contains 13 exons and spans 58 kb of genomic DNA. The Annexin A3 gene is mapped to 4q21. It is abnormally expressed in fetuses of both IVF and ICSI, which may contribute to the increase risk of birth defects in these ART. This gene encodes a member of the annexin family. Members of this calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein family play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and in signal transduction pathways. This protein functions in the inhibition of phospholipase A2 and cleavage of inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate to form inositol 1-phosphate. This protein may also play a role in anti-coagulation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1? (TIF1?) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TRIM24 gene. The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control by interaction with the activation function 2 (AF2) region of several nuclear receptors, including the estrogen, retinoic acid, and vitamin D3 receptors. The protein localizes to nuclear bodies and is thought to associate with chromatin and heterochromatin-associated factors. The protein is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains - a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2 - and a coiled-coil region. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: p120, and called catenin delta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNND1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the Armadillo protein family, which function in adhesion between cells and signal transduction. Multiple translation initiation codons and alternative splicing result in many different isoforms being translated. Not all of the full-length natures of the described transcript variants have been determined. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (TMX2) gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Flotillin 2 recombinant protein (Position: K169-K344). Human Flotillin 2 shares 100% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both and rat Flotillin 2.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: FLOT2 (Flotillin 2), also known as ESA1 or M17S1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLOT2 gene. Schroeder et al. (1991) isolated a cDNA for an epidermal surface antigen believed to be involved in epidermal cell adhesion. By analysis of a somatic cell hybrid panel and in situ hybridization using the ESA cDNA, the gene was mapped to 17q11-q12 in the region containing the NF1 gene. Bickel et al. (1997) found that Flot2 consistently copurifies with Flot1 and with caveolin-1 in the purification of caveolin-rich membranes. Using a quantitative proteomic analysis of cultured neuronal stem cells, Li et al. (2012) found that palmitoylation and oligomerization of flotillin-2 was abolished in homozygous Dhhc5 mutant neuronal stem cells. The absolute amount of flotillin-2 was not changed in Dhhc5 mutant neurons. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Importin subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KPNB1 gene. Nucleocytoplasmic transport, a signal- and energy-dependent process, takes place through nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope. The import of proteins containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) requires the NLS import receptor, a heterodimer of importin alpha and beta subunits also known as karyopherins. Importin alpha binds the NLS-containing cargo in the cytoplasm and importin beta docks the complex at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex. In the presence of nucleoside triphosphates and the small GTP binding protein Ran, the complex moves into the nuclear pore complex and the importin subunits dissociate. Importin alpha enters the nucleoplasm with its passenger protein and importin beta remains at the pore. Interactions between importin beta and the FG repeats of nucleoporins are essential in translocation through the pore complex. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the importin beta family. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CHC1, also named as RCC1, SNHG3-RCC1, promotes the exchange of ran-bound gdp by gtp. It is involved in the regulation of onset of chromosome condensation in the S-phase. Phosphorylation of RCC1 on serines located in or near its nuclear localization signal activates RCC1 to generate RanGTP on mitotic chromosomes, which is required for spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against residues near the C terminus of human RCC1. The geneID has updated as 1104 recently. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: MCM7(Minichromosome Maintenance, s. Cerevisiae, homolog of, 7), also called CDC47, FORMERLY, is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The MCM7 gene is mapped to 7q22.1. MCM7 plays a pivotal role in the G1/S phase transition, orchestrating the correct assembly of replication forks on chromosomal DNA and ensuring that all the genome is replicated once and not more than once at each cell cycle. The MCM7 gene contains 15 exons. The miRNAs MIR106B, MIR93, and MIR25 are clustered in a 5-prime to 3-prime orientation within intron 13. It has been found that MCM7 and the precursors of microRNAs (miRNAs) MIR106B, MIR93, and MIR25, all of which arise from intron 13 of the MCM7 gene, were overexpressed with almost perfect correlation in 5 of 10 human gastric tumors. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Erlin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERLIN2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the SPFH domain-containing family of lipid raft-associated proteins. The encoded protein is localized to lipid rafts of the endoplasmic reticulum and plays a critical role in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) signaling by mediating ER-associated degradation of activated IP3 receptors. Mutations in this gene are a cause of spastic paraplegia-18 (SPG18). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PMPCB gene. This gene is a member of the peptidase M16 family and encodes a protein with a zinc-binding motif. This protein is located in the mitochondrial matrix and catalyzes the cleavage of the leader peptides of precursor proteins newly imported into the mitochondria, though it only functions as part of a heterodimeric complex. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Drebrin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DBN1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic actin-binding protein thought to play a role in the process of neuronal growth. It is a member of the drebrin family of proteins that are developmentally regulated in the brain. A decrease in the amount of this protein in the brain has been implicated as a possible contributing factor in the pathogenesis of memory disturbance in Alzheimer's disease. At least two alternative splice variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human SLC4A1 (Position: E28-N365). Human SLC4A1 shares 75.7% and 74.5% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with and rat SLC4A1, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Band 3 is also known as SLC4A1. The protein encoded by this gene is part of the anion exchanger (AE) family and is expressed in the erythrocyte plasma membrane, where it functions as a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger involved in carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs. The protein comprises two domains that are structurally and functionally distinct. The N-terminal 40kDa domain is located in the cytoplasm and acts as an attachment site for the red cell skeleton by binding ankyrin. The glycosylated C-terminal membrane-associated domain contains 12-14 membrane spanning segments and carries out the stilbene disulphonate-sensitive exchange transport of anions. The cytoplasmic tail at the extreme C-terminus of the membrane domain binds carbonic anhydrase II. The encoded protein associates with the red cell membrane protein glycophorin A and this association promotes the correct folding and translocation of the exchanger. This protein is predominantly dimeric but forms tetramers in the presence of ankyrin. Many mutations in this gene are known in man, and these mutations can lead to two types of disease: destabilization of red cell membrane leading to hereditary spherocytosis, and defective kidney acid secretion leading to distal renal tubular acidosis. Other mutations that do not give rise to disease result in novel blood group antigens, which form the Diego blood group system. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Integrin alpha-V is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAV gene. It is a member of the beta 3 integrin subfamily(cytoadhesins). The human locus for the av gene(VNRA) was previously mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2. Sims et al.(2000) localized the VNRA gene to 2q31. The gene contains 30 exons and spans over 93 kb of genomic DNA. It functions as a receptor for a group of proteins that includes vitronectin, fibrinogen, thrombospondin, and von Willebrand factor. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: NEDD4 family-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDFIP2 gene. The NEDD4 family-interacting protein 1 (NDFIP1) belongs to a small group of evolutionarily conserved proteins with three transmembrane domains and is an integral Golgi membrane protein. It is a potential target for ubiquitination by the Nedd4 family of proteins. NDFIP1 is strongly expressed in surviving neurons following acute cortical brain injury, and overexpression in cultured cortical neurons increased survival following growth factor starvation, suggesting that NDFIP1 may play a role in neuronal survival. NDFIP1 and the related protein NDFIP2 are thought to interact with and regulate multiple components of the EGF and PTEN/Akt signaling pathways. Recent studies suggest that NDFIP1 may also play a role in Th17 differentiation by limiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155) also known as the poliovirus receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The external domain mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts with the dynein light chain Tctex-1/DYNLT1. The gene is specific to the primate lineage, and serves as a cellular receptor for poliovirus in the first step of poliovirus replication. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human SOD2, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: SOD2(Superoxide Dismutase 2), also called IPO-B or MNSOD, is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that scavenges oxygen radicals produced by the extensive oxidation-reduction and electron transport reactions occurring in mitochondria. This gene is a member of the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. Using a somatic cell hybrid panel containing different segments of chromosome 6, they demonstrated that SOD2 is located in the region 6q25.3-qter which, together with the FISH analysis, indicated that SOD2 is in the distal portion of 6q25. The SOD2 gene encodes an intramitochondrial free radical scavenging enzyme that is the first line of defense against superoxide produced as a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. Adeno-associated viral delivery of the human SOD2 gene resulted in suppression of optic nerve degeneration and rescue of retinal ganglion cells. The findings suggested that reactive oxygen species contributed to retinal cell death and optic nerve damage in mice with complex I deficiency, and that expression of SOD2 attenuated the disease process. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: The HGD gene encodes homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD), an enzyme involved in the catabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine. This enzyme is involved in the catabolism of the amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine. Mutations in this gene are the cause of the autosomal recessive metabolism disorder alkaptonuria. This gene is mapped to chromosome 3q21-q23 by a preliminary PCR screen of hamster/human somatic cell hybrid genomic DNA samples and by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15, also known as positive cofactor 4 (PC4) or SUB1 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUB1 gene. This gene is mapped to 5p13.3. The transcriptional cofactor PC4 is an ancient single-strand DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein that has a homologue in bacteriophage T5 where it is likely the elusive replicative ssDNA-binding protein. The recombinant PC4 is shown to function identically to the native protein through its interaction with TAFs. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Complement decay-accelerating factor, also known as CD55 or DAF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD55 gene. This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Complement decay-accelerating factor, also known as CD55 or DAF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD55 gene. This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human HNF-4-alpha recombinant protein (Position: Q164-I474). Human HNF-4-alpha shares 95% and 96% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat HNF-4-alpha, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A), also known as NR2A1, is a nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the HNF4A gene. It is mapped to 20q13.12. HNF4A is a nuclear transcription factor that binds DNA as a homodimer. The encoded protein controls the expression of several genes, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha, a transcription factor which regulates the expression of several hepatic genes. This gene plays a role in development of the liver, kidney, and intestines. HNF4A is required for the PXR and CAR-mediated transcriptional activation of CYP3A4. This gene also plays a pivotal role in the expression and synthesis of SHBG, an important glycoprotein made primarily in the liver, which in addition to lowering insulin-resistance also serves in reducing levels of free Oestrogen as-well as prolonging the half-life of Testosterone. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD20, also known as MS4A1, is an activated-glycosylated phosphoprotein expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity. It is mapped to 11q12.2. This gene encodes a member of the membrane-spanning 4A gene family. The function of CD20 is to enable optimal B-cell immune response, specifically against T-independent antigens. It is suspected that CD20 acts as a calcium channel in the cell membrane. Whats more, this protein may be involved in the regulation of B-cell activation and proliferation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: H1 histone family, member 0is a member of thehistonefamily of nuclearproteinswhich are a component ofchromatin. In humans, this protein is encoded by theH1F0gene. It is mapped to 22q13.1. Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H1 family. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD54, also known as ICAM-1. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) is a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated (LFA) antigens. ICAM-1 is an integral membrane protein, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and a ligand for LFA-1, a beta 2 leukocyte integrin. This protein is the major human rhinovirus receptor. The ICAM1 gene is mapped to human chromosome 19. In humans, lymphocyte adhesion to cells is mediated by the protein heterodimer CD11a/CD18 (Leu-CAMa, LFA-1) and its ligand CD54 (ICAM-1). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human MASPIN recombinant protein (Position: M1-A350). Human MASPIN shares 88% and 89% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat MASPIN, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: SERPINB5 is also known as PI5 or maspin. Maspin (mammary serine protease inhibitor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SERPINB5 gene. Maspin is expressed in the skin, prostate, testis, intestine, tongue, lung, and the thymus. Maspin is a member of the serpin superfamily of serine protease inhibitors.[1] The primary function of most members of this family is to regulate the breakdown of proteins by inhibiting the catalytic activity of proteinases. Through this mechanism of action, serpins regulate a number of cellular processes includingphagocytosis, coagulation, and fibrinolysis. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Beclin 1 recombinant protein (Position: M1-S354). Human Beclin 1 shares 97% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat Beclin 1.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Beclin-1, also known as also known as ATG6 or VPS30 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BECN1 gene. Beclin-1 and its binding partner class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), also named Vps34, are required for the initiation of the formation of the autophagosome in autophagy. This gene participates in the regulation of autophagy and has an important role in development, tumorigenesis, and neurodegeneration. Schizophrenia is associated with low levels of Beclin-1 in the hippocampus of the affected which causes diminished autophagywhich in turn results in increased neuronal cell death. It has been found that beclin-1 can promote autophagy in autophagy-defective yeast with a targeted disruption of apg6/vps30, and in human MCF7 breast carcinoma cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human ERp57, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by two amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: PDIA3 (Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 3), also called GRP58, Erp57 or ER60, is an isomerase enzyme. It is mapped on 15q15.3. PDIA3 is also part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I peptide-loading complex, which is essential for formation of the final antigen conformation and export from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. This gene encodes a protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that interacts with lectin chaperones calreticulin and calnexin to modulate folding of newly synthesized glycoproteins. The protein was once thought to be a phospholipase; however, it has been demonstrated that the protein actually has protein disulfide isomerase activity. It is thought that complexes of lectins and this protein mediate protein folding by promoting formation of disulfide bonds in their glycoprotein substrates. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a member of the disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins that catalyze protein folding and thiol-disulfide interchange reactions. The encoded protein has an N-terminal ER-signal sequence, two catalytically active thioredoxin (TRX) domains, a TRX-like domain, and a C-terminal ER-retention sequence. This protein inhibits the aggregation of misfolded proteins and exhibits both isomerase and chaperone activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CD147/Emmprin recombinant protein (Position: E138-A323). Human CD147/Emmprin shares 51.1% and 51.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CD147/Emmprin, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Emmprin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, also known as Emmprin (BSG) or cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the Emmprin gene. The human BSG gene is mapped to 19p13.3. This protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. BSG has been shown to be an essential receptor on red blood cells for the malaria parasite. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, with a structure related to the putative primordial form of the family. As members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, it plays fundamental roles in intercellular recognition involved in various immunologic phenomena, differentiation, and development. BSG is thought also to play a role in intercellular recognition. It also regulates several distinct functions, such as spermatogenesis, expression of the monocarboxylate transporter and the responsiveness of lymphocytes. BSG is a type I integral membrane receptor that has many ligands, including the cyclophilin (CyP) proteins Cyp-A and CyP-B and certain integrins. It is expressed by many cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells and leukocytes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CDK2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase2, is also known as P33. The CDK2 protein was highly homologous to p34(CDC2) kinase and more significantly homologous to Xenopus Eg1 kinase, suggesting that CDK2 is the human homolog of Eg1. The CDK2 gene is mapped to 12q13, the same region to which the CDK4 gene maps. Human cyclin A binds independently to 2 kinases, p34(cdc2) or p33. In adenovirus-transformed cells, the viral E1A oncoprotein seems to associate with p33/cyclin A but not with p34(cdc2)/cyclin A. The gene for p33 shares 65% sequence identity with p34(cdc2). P33(cdk2) plays a unique role in cell cycle regulation of vertebrate cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CDK2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase2, is also known as P33. The CDK2 protein was highly homologous to p34(CDC2) kinase and more significantly homologous to Xenopus Eg1 kinase, suggesting that CDK2 is the human homolog of Eg1. The CDK2 gene is mapped to 12q13, the same region to which the CDK4 gene maps. Human cyclin A binds independently to 2 kinases, p34(cdc2) or p33. In adenovirus-transformed cells, the viral E1A oncoprotein seems to associate with p33/cyclin A but not with p34(cdc2)/cyclin A. The gene for p33 shares 65% sequence identity with p34(cdc2). P33(cdk2) plays a unique role in cell cycle regulation of vertebrate cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SORD gene. Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) catalyzes the interconversion of polyols and their corresponding ketoses, and together with aldose reductase, makes up the sorbitol pathway that is believed to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. The first reaction of the pathway (also called the polyol pathway) is the reduction of glucose to sorbitol by ALDR1 with NADPH as the cofactor. SORD then oxidizes the sorbitol to fructose using NAD(+) cofactor. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: 14-3-3 protein epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAE gene. This gene product belongs to the 14-3-3 family of proteins which mediate signal transduction by binding to phosphoserine-containing proteins. This highly conserved protein family is found in both plants and mammals, and this protein is 100% identical to the mouse ortholog. It interacts with CDC25 phosphatases, RAF1 and IRS1 proteins, suggesting its role in diverse biochemical activities related to signal transduction, such as cell division and regulation of insulin sensitivity. It has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of small cell lung cancer. Two transcript variants, one protein-coding and the other non-protein-coding, have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HGS gene. It is mapped to 17q25.3. The protein encoded by this gene regulates endosomal sorting and plays a critical role in the recycling and degradation of membrane receptors. The encoded protein sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body, targeting these proteins for lysosome-dependent degradation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HGS gene. It is mapped to 17q25.3. The protein encoded by this gene regulates endosomal sorting and plays a critical role in the recycling and degradation of membrane receptors. The encoded protein sorts monoubiquitinated membrane proteins into the multivesicular body, targeting these proteins for lysosome-dependent degradation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene. YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Flap endonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FEN1 gene. It is mapped to 11q12.2. The protein encoded by this gene removes 5' overhanging flaps in DNA repair and processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis. Direct physical interaction between this protein and AP endonuclease 1 during long-patch base excision repair provides coordinated loading of the proteins onto the substrate, thus passing the substrate from one enzyme to another. The protein is a member of the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family and is one of ten proteins essential for cell-free DNA replication. DNA secondary structure can inhibit flap processing at certain trinucleotide repeats in a length-dependent manner by concealing the 5' end of the flap that is necessary for both binding and cleavage by the protein encoded by this gene. Therefore, secondary structure can deter the protective function of this protein, leading to site-specific trinucleotide expansions. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Flap endonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FEN1 gene. It is mapped to 11q12.2. The protein encoded by this gene removes 5' overhanging flaps in DNA repair and processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis. Direct physical interaction between this protein and AP endonuclease 1 during long-patch base excision repair provides coordinated loading of the proteins onto the substrate, thus passing the substrate from one enzyme to another. The protein is a member of the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family and is one of ten proteins essential for cell-free DNA replication. DNA secondary structure can inhibit flap processing at certain trinucleotide repeats in a length-dependent manner by concealing the 5' end of the flap that is necessary for both binding and cleavage by the protein encoded by this gene. Therefore, secondary structure can deter the protective function of this protein, leading to site-specific trinucleotide expansions. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human MSH2 recombinant protein (Position: Q337-N583). Human MSH2 shares 94% and 93% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat MSH2, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2, also known as MutS protein homolog 2 or MSH2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSH2 gene, which is located on chromosome 2. MSH2 is a tumor suppressor gene and more specifically a caretaker gene that codes for a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein, MSH2 which forms aheterodimer with MSH6 to make the human MutS? mismatch repair complex. It also dimerizes with MSH3 to form the MutS? DNA repair complex. MSH2 is involved in many different forms of DNA repair, including transcription-coupled repair, homologous recombination, and base excision repair. It has been found that MSH2 may also be a coactivator of ESR1-dependent gene expression. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Alkaline phosphatase, placental type also known as placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is an allosteric enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALPP gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an alkaline phosphatase, a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoric acid monoesters. It belongs to a multigene family composed of four alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. The enzyme functions as a homodimer and has a catalytic site containing one magnesium and two zinc ions, which are required for its enzymatic function. The protein is primarily expressed in placental and endometrial tissue; however, strong ectopic expression has been detected in ovarian adenocarcinoma, serous cystadenocarcinoma, and other ovarian cancer cells. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: RalA-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RALBP1 gene. Small G proteins, such as RAL, have GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, which shift from the inactive to the active state through the action of RALGDS, which in turn is activated by RAS. RALBP1 plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis and is a downstream effector of the small GTP-binding protein RAL. RALBP1 is also the dominant transporter of lipid peroxidation-derived glutathione conjugates and participates in several mitotic events, including inactivation of endocytosis and separation and polar movement of centrioles and appropriate distribution of mitochondria to daughter cells following mitosis. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Dynein light chain 1, cytoplasmic is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DYNLL1 gene. Cytoplasmic dyneins are large enzyme complexes with a molecular mass of about 1,200 kD. They contain two force-producing heads formed primarily from dynein heavy chains, and stalks linking the heads to a basal domain, which contains a varying number of accessory intermediate chains. The complex is involved in intracellular transport and motility. The protein described in this record is a light chain and exists as part of this complex but also physically interacts with and inhibits the activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Binding of this protein destabilizes the neuronal nitric oxide synthase dimer, a conformation necessary for activity, and it may regulate numerous biologic processes through its effects on nitric oxide synthase activity. Alternate transcriptional splice variants have been characterized. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human PKM2, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: PKM (Pyruvate Kinase, Muscle), also known as PK3 or PKM2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PKM gene. The activity of pyruvate kinase subtype M2 is increased by fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate (Fru-1, 6-P2). By in situ hybridization, Popescu and Cheng (1990) mapped the THBP1 gene to 15q24-q25. Ashizawa et al. (1991) manipulated the intracellular Fru-1, 6-P2 concentration in several mammalian cell lines, including human, by varying the glucose concentration in the media. Using a novel proteomic screen for phosphotyrosine-binding proteins, Christofk et al. (2008) observed that PKM2 binds directly and selectively to tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. This gene product appears to function as a negative regulator of the ras signal transduction pathway. Mutations in this gene have been linked to neurofibromatosis type 1, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and Watson syndrome. The mRNA for this gene is subject to RNA editing (CGA>UGA->Arg1306Term) resulting in premature translation termination. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have also been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. This gene product appears to function as a negative regulator of the ras signal transduction pathway. Mutations in this gene have been linked to neurofibromatosis type 1, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and Watson syndrome. The mRNA for this gene is subject to RNA editing (CGA>UGA->Arg1306Term) resulting in premature translation termination. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have also been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Long-chain-fatty-acidCoA ligase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL4 gene. It is mapped to Xq23. The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme preferentially utilizes arachidonate as substrate. The absence of this enzyme may contribute to the cognitive disability or Alport syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene generates multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Filamin B, beta (FLNB), also known as Filamin B, beta (truncated actin binding protein 278 homolog), is a cytoplasmic protein which in humans is encoded by the FLNB gene. This gene encodes a member of the filamin family. The encoded protein interacts with glycoprotein Ib alpha as part of the process to repair vascular injuries. The platelet glycoprotein Ib complex includes glycoprotein Ib alpha, and it binds the actin cytoskeleton. Mutations in this gene have been found in several conditions: atelosteogenesis type 1 and type 3; boomerang dysplasia; autosomal dominant Larsen syndrome; and spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: F2 (Coagulation Factor II), also known as thrombin, is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the F2 gene. This gene for human prothrombin (F2) was assigned to chromosome 11p11-q12 by analysis of a panel of somatic cell hybrid DNAs and by in situ hybridization, using both cDNA and genomic probes. The activated thrombin enzyme plays an important role in hemostasis and thrombosis: it converts fibrinogen to fibrin for blood clot formation, stimulates platelet aggregation, and activates coagulation factors V, VIII (F8), and XIII (F13A1). Thrombin also inhibits coagulation by activating protein C. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EPRS gene. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature and biological validity of the variant have not been determined. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EPRS gene. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. Alternative splicing has been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature and biological validity of the variant have not been determined. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 also known as 100 kDa coactivator or Tudor domain-containing protein 11 (TDRD11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SND1 gene. This gene encodes a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with the acidic domain of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2), a transcriptional activator that is required for B-lymphocyte transformation. Other transcription factors that interact with this protein are signal transducers and activators of transcription, STATs. This protein is also thought to be essential for normal cell growth. A similar protein in mammals and other organisms is a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 also known as 100 kDa coactivator or Tudor domain-containing protein 11 (TDRD11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SND1 gene. This gene encodes a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with the acidic domain of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA 2), a transcriptional activator that is required for B-lymphocyte transformation. Other transcription factors that interact with this protein are signal transducers and activators of transcription, STATs. This protein is also thought to be essential for normal cell growth. A similar protein in mammals and other organisms is a component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: MCM6(Minichromosome maintenance, s. pombe, homolog of, 6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM6 gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The MCM genes were originally identified in yeast defective in minichromosome maintenance and have since been shown to play roles in the progression of the cell cycle; many are cell division control genes. The MCM6 gene is mapped on 2q21.3. Mcm 6 has recently been shown to interact strongly Cdt1 at defined residues, by mutating these target residues Wei et al. observed lack of Cdt1 recruitment of Mcm2-7 to the pre-RC. An approximately 200-kb region surrounding the C/T(-13910) polymorphism in MCM6 intron 13 functioned as an enhancer of the lactase gene promoter in intestinal cell culture. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: MCM6(Minichromosome maintenance, s. pombe, homolog of, 6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM6 gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The MCM genes were originally identified in yeast defective in minichromosome maintenance and have since been shown to play roles in the progression of the cell cycle; many are cell division control genes. The MCM6 gene is mapped on 2q21.3. Mcm 6 has recently been shown to interact strongly Cdt1 at defined residues, by mutating these target residues Wei et al. observed lack of Cdt1 recruitment of Mcm2-7 to the pre-RC. An approximately 200-kb region surrounding the C/T(-13910) polymorphism in MCM6 intron 13 functioned as an enhancer of the lactase gene promoter in intestinal cell culture. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human DHODH, different from the related mouse sequence by four amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by two amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DHODH gene on chromosome 16. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the fourth enzymatic step, the ubiquinone-mediated oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate, in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This protein is a mitochondrial protein located on the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes the K-type mitochondrial glutaminase. The encoded protein is an phosphate-activated amidohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. This protein is primarily expressed in the brain and kidney plays an essential role in generating energy for metabolism, synthesizing the brain neurotransmitter glutamate and maintaining acid-base balance in the kidney. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes the K-type mitochondrial glutaminase. The encoded protein is an phosphate-activated amidohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. This protein is primarily expressed in the brain and kidney plays an essential role in generating energy for metabolism, synthesizing the brain neurotransmitter glutamate and maintaining acid-base balance in the kidney. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1, also known as ALDH1A1 or retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH1A1 gene. It is mapped to 9q21.13. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the next enzyme after alcohol dehydrogenase in the major pathway of alcohol metabolism. There are two major aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in the liver, cytosolic and mitochondrial, which are encoded by distinct genes, and can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobility, kinetic properties, and subcellular localization. This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme. Studies in mice show that through its role in retinol metabolism, this gene may also be involved in the regulation of the metabolic responses to high-fat diet. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: HSPA9 (heat shock 70kDa protein 9 (mortalin)), also known as GRP75, mot-2, mthsp75, PBP74, HSPA9B, MORTALIN or MORTALIN, PERINUCLEAR, is a highly conserved member of the HSP70 family of proteins. It functions as a chaperone in the mitochondria, cytoplasm, and centrosome. The HSPA9 gene is mapped to chromosome 5q31.2 based on an alignment of the HSPA9 sequence with the genomic sequence. Knockdown of HSPA9 in erythroid cultures was associated with an increased number of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and accelerated apoptosis. Knockdown of Hspa9 in mouse bone marrow cells, followed by transplantation into wildtype recipients, also resulted in loss of erythroid cell number. Haploinsufficiency for HSPA9 may contribute to abnormal hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes. This protein plays a role in the control of cell proliferation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Splicing factor 1 also known as zinc finger protein 162 (ZFM162) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SF1 gene. This gene encodes a nuclear pre-mRNA splicing factor. The encoded protein specifically recognizes the intron branch point sequence at the 3' splice site, together with the large subunit of U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), and is required for the early stages of spliceosome assembly. It also plays a role in nuclear pre-mRNA retention and transcriptional repression. The encoded protein contains an N-terminal U2AF ligand motif, a central hnRNP K homology motif and quaking 2 region which bind a key branch-site adenosine within the branch point sequence, a zinc knuckles domain, and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Splicing factor 1 also known as zinc finger protein 162 (ZFM162) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SF1 gene. This gene encodes a nuclear pre-mRNA splicing factor. The encoded protein specifically recognizes the intron branch point sequence at the 3' splice site, together with the large subunit of U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), and is required for the early stages of spliceosome assembly. It also plays a role in nuclear pre-mRNA retention and transcriptional repression. The encoded protein contains an N-terminal U2AF ligand motif, a central hnRNP K homology motif and quaking 2 region which bind a key branch-site adenosine within the branch point sequence, a zinc knuckles domain, and a C-terminal proline-rich domain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA clamp that acts as a processivity factor for DNA polymerase ? in eukaryotic cells and is essential for replication. It is mapped to 20p12.3. The protein encoded by this gene is found in the nucleus and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. The encoded protein acts as a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. In response to DNA damage, this protein is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Pseudogenes of this gene have been described on chromosome 4 and on the X chromosome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: ITCH is an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. This gene encodes a member of the Nedd4 family of HECT domain E3 ubiquitin ligases. HECT domain E3 ubiquitin ligases transfer ubiquitin from E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes to protein substrates, thus targeting specific proteins for lysosomal degradation. The encoded protein plays a role in multiple cellular processes including erythroid and lymphoid cell differentiation and the regulation of immune responses. Mutations in this gene are a cause of syndromic multisystem autoimmune disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CTBP2 recombinant protein (Position: H321-Q445). human CTBP2 shares 99.2% and 98.4% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CTBP2, respectively.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: The E1a region of group C adenoviruses encodes 2 nearly identical proteins that are largely responsible for the oncogenic properties of adenoviruses. The CTBP1 protein binds to the C-terminal half of these E1A proteins. It's predicted that CTBP2 is a 445-amino acid protein and it is 72% identical to CTBP1. The CTBP2 gene is mapped to chromosome 10q26.13. CTBP2 is a mammalian corepressor that targets diverse transcriptional regulators. It bounds the short medial portion of delta-EF1 containing the PLDLSL motif and it enhances transrepression activity of delta-EF1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human p95 NBS1, different from the related mouse sequence by three amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: p95 NBS1, also known as NBN or Nibrin, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NBN gene. Nibrin is a protein associated with the repair of double strand breaks (DSBs) which pose serious damage to a genome. It is a 754 amino acid protein identified as a member of the NBS1/hMre11/RAD50(N/M/R, more commonly referred to asMRN) double strand DNA break repair complex. This complex recognizes DNA damage and rapidly relocates to DSB sites and forms nuclear foci. It also has a role in regulation of N/M/R (MRN) protein complex activity which includes end-processing of both physiological and mutagenic DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human Cytokeratin 5, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and identical to the related rat sequence.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Cytokeratin 5, also known as KRT5, K5, or CK5, is a protein that is encoded in humans by the KRT5 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. Mutations in these genes have been associated with a complex of diseases termed epidermolysis bullosa simplex. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human Cytokeratin 5, different from the related mouse sequence by one amino acid, and identical to the related rat sequence.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Cytokeratin 5, also known as KRT5, K5, or CK5, is a protein that is encoded in humans by the KRT5 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis with family member KRT14. Mutations in these genes have been associated with a complex of diseases termed epidermolysis bullosa simplex. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Moesin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSN gene. It is mapped to Xq12. Moesin (for membrane-organizing extension spike protein) is a member of the ERM family which includes ezrin and radixin. ERM proteins appear to function as cross-linkers between plasma membranes and actin-based cytoskeletons. Moesin is localized to filopodia and other membranous protrusions that are important for cell-cell recognition and signaling and for cell movement. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Photon absorption triggers a signaling cascade in rod photoreceptors that activates cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), resulting in the rapid hydrolysis of cGMP, closure of cGMP-gated cation channels, and hyperpolarization of the cell. PDE is a peripheral membrane heterotrimeric enzyme made up of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. This gene encodes the beta subunit. Mutations in this gene result in retinitis pigmentosa and autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Photon absorption triggers a signaling cascade in rod photoreceptors that activates cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), resulting in the rapid hydrolysis of cGMP, closure of cGMP-gated cation channels, and hyperpolarization of the cell. PDE is a peripheral membrane heterotrimeric enzyme made up of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. This gene encodes the beta subunit. Mutations in this gene result in retinitis pigmentosa and autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are small cytoplasmic proteins that are expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner and bind to fatty acids such as oleic and retinoic acid. Adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein, aP2 (FABP4) is expressed in adipocytes and macrophages, and integrates inflammatory and metabolic responses. Studies in aP2-deficient mice have shown that this lipid chaperone has a significant role in several aspects of metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. It regulates allergic airway inflammation and may provide a link between fatty acid metabolism and asthma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Annexin A6 (ANXA6) is a member of a family of proteins that bind membrane or cytoskeleton in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. These proteins are characterized by homologous amino acid sequences that are present in multiple copies in each protein. ANXA6 gene is assigned to 5q32-q34 by use of a cDNA clone to probe genomic DNA from rodent-human somatic cell hybrids and for in situ hybridization. The ANX6 gene is approximately 60 kb long and contains 26 exons. The genomic sequence at the 3-prime end does not contain a canonical polyadenylylation signal. Ca(2+)-dependent binding between CRHSP28 and ANXA6 is required for acinar cell membrane trafficking events and digestive enzyme secretion. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Peptidylprolyl isomerase E (cyclophilin E), also known as PPIE, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the PPIE gene on chromosome 1. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. This protein contains a highly conserved cyclophilin (CYP) domain as well as an RNA-binding domain. It was shown to possess PPIase and protein folding activities, and it also exhibits RNA-binding activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 1, has been identified. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Peptidylprolyl isomerase E (cyclophilin E), also known as PPIE, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the PPIE gene on chromosome 1. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) family. PPIases catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and accelerate the folding of proteins. This protein contains a highly conserved cyclophilin (CYP) domain as well as an RNA-binding domain. It was shown to possess PPIase and protein folding activities, and it also exhibits RNA-binding activity. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 1, has been identified. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF4A1 gene. It is mapped to 17p13.1. EIF4A1 has been shown to interact with EIF4E and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human POR, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by five amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: POR is a membrane-boundenzyme required for electron transfer from NADPH to cytochrome P450 in the endoplasmic reticulum of theeukaryotic cell. The gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane oxidoreductase with an FAD-binding domain and a flavodoxin-like domain. The protein binds two cofactors, FAD and FMN, which allow it to donate electrons directly from NADPH to all microsomal P450 enzymes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various diseases, including apparent combined P450C17 and P450C21 deficiency, amenorrhea and disordered steroidogenesis, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Antley-Bixler syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a subunit of the heterotrimeric Replication Protein A (RPA) complex, which binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), forming a nucleoprotein complex that plays an important role in DNA metabolism, being involved in DNA replication, repair, recombination, telomere maintenance, and co-ordinating the cellular response to DNA damage through activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) kinase. The RPA complex protects single-stranded DNA from nucleases, prevents formation of secondary structures that would interfere with repair, and co-ordinates the recruitment and departure of different genome maintenance factors. The heterotrimeric complex has two different modes of ssDNA binding, a low-affinity and high-affinity mode, determined by which oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) domains of the complex are utilized, and differing in the length of DNA bound. This subunit contains a single OB domain that participates in high-affinity DNA binding and also contains a winged helix domain at its carboxy terminus, which interacts with many genome maintenance protein. Post-translational modifications of the RPA complex also plays a role in co-ordinating different damage response pathways. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: 26S protease regulatory subunit 6A, also known as 26S proteasome AAA-ATPase subunit Rpt5, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PSMC3 gene. The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases that have chaperone-like activity. This subunit may compete with PSMC2 for binding to the HIV tat protein to regulate the interaction between the viral protein and the transcription complex. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 9. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LSM8 gene. This gene encodes a member of the like-Sm family of proteins. The encoded protein consists of a closed barrel shape, made up of five anti-parallel beta strands and an alpha helix. This protein partners with six paralogs to form a heteroheptameric ring which transiently binds U6 small nuclear RNAs and is involved in the general maturation of RNA in the nucleus. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Ras-related protein Rab-11A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAB11A gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rab family which plays essential roles in vesicle and granule targeting. It is mapped to 15q22.31. RAB11A is associated with both constitutive and regulated secretory pathways, and may be involved in protein transport. Additionally, RAB11A can control intracellular trafficking of the innate immune receptor TLR4, and thereby also receptor signaling. It has been shown to interact with RAB11FIP2, RAB11FIP4, and RAB11FIP1 and so on. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Ki-67(Proliferation-related Ki-67 antigen), also known as MKI67 or KIA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKI67 gene. From study of a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids, it has been demonstrated that a gene involved in the expression of the MKI67 antigen is located on chromosome 10. By in situ hybridization, Fonatsch et al. (1991) regionalized the MKI67 gene to chromosome 10q25-qter. By FISH, Traut et al. (1998) mapped the mouse Mki67 gene to chromosome 7F3-F5. Antigen KI-67 is a nuclear protein that is associated with and may be necessary for cellular proliferation. Furthermore it is associated with ribosomal RNA transcription. Inactivation of antigen KI-67 leads to inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human CD45, different from the related mouse sequence by eight amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by ten amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD45 (Cluster of Differentiation 45), also known as PTPRC, LCA or CD45R, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. It is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. CD45 is a major high molecular mass leukocyte cell surface molecule which is also an integral membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase. The cytogenetic location of CD45 is 1q31.3-q32.1. This gene is especially a prototype for transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Targeted disruption of the CD45 gene leads to enhanced cytokine and interferon receptor-mediated activation of JAKs and STAT proteins. In vitro, CD45 directly dephosphorylates and binds to JAKs. Functionally, CD45 negatively regulates interleukin-3-mediated cellular proliferation, erythropoietin-dependent hematopoiesis, and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo. In addition, CD45 has been best studied in T cells, where it determines T cell receptor signaling thresholds. CD45 is moved into or out of the immunological synapse (IS) membrane microdomain depending on the relative influence of interaction with the extracellular galectin lattice or the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Galectin interaction can be finetuned by varying usage of the heavily Oglycosylated spliced regions and sialylation of Nlinked carbohydrates. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human CD45, different from the related mouse sequence by eight amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by ten amino acids.
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: CD45 (Cluster of Differentiation 45), also known as PTPRC, LCA or CD45R, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the PTPRC gene. It is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. CD45 is a major high molecular mass leukocyte cell surface molecule which is also an integral membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase. The cytogenetic location of CD45 is 1q31.3-q32.1. This gene is especially a prototype for transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Targeted disruption of the CD45 gene leads to enhanced cytokine and interferon receptor-mediated activation of JAKs and STAT proteins. In vitro, CD45 directly dephosphorylates and binds to JAKs. Functionally, CD45 negatively regulates interleukin-3-mediated cellular proliferation, erythropoietin-dependent hematopoiesis, and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo. In addition, CD45 has been best studied in T cells, where it determines T cell receptor signaling thresholds. CD45 is moved into or out of the immunological synapse (IS) membrane microdomain depending on the relative influence of interaction with the extracellular galectin lattice or the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Galectin interaction can be finetuned by varying usage of the heavily Oglycosylated spliced regions and sialylation of Nlinked carbohydrates. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Gasdermin D is a member of the gasdermin family. Members of this family appear to play a role in regulation of epithelial proliferation. Gasdermin D has been suggested to act as a tumor suppressor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ?g/ml. Background: Gasdermin D is a member of the gasdermin family. Members of this family appear to play a role in regulation of epithelial proliferation. Gasdermin D has been suggested to act as a tumor suppressor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5 (Arabidopsis), also known as COPS5 or JAB1, is a gene conserved from humans to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is a member of the MOV34 family. COPS5 is mapped to 8q13.1. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the eight subunits of COP9 signalosome, a highly conserved protein complex that functions as an important regulator in multiple signaling pathways. COPS5 can interact with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-2 subunit of the alpha-L/beta-2 integrin LFA1, and it is the only protein demonstrated to interact with MIF. COPS5, VHL, and TRC8 proteins appear to be linked both physically and functionally, and all 3 may participate in the development of kidney cancer. In addition to that, COPS5 is an essential cofactor for the apoptotic function of E2F1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSP90AA1 gene. The gene, HSP90AA1, encodes the human stress-inducible 90-kDa heat shock protein alpha (Hsp90A). Complemented by the constitutively expressed paralog Hsp90B which shares over 85% amino acid sequence identity, Hsp90A expression is initiated when a cell experiences proteotoxic stress. Once expressed Hsp90A dimers operate as molecular chaperones that bind and fold other proteins into their functional 3-dimensional structures. This molecular chaperoning ability of Hsp90A is driven by a cycle of structural rearrangements fueled by ATP hydrolysis. Current research on Hsp90A focuses in its role as a drug target due to its interaction with a large number of tumor promoting proteins and its role in cellular stress adaptation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human PGP9.5, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by two amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: UCH-L1, also known as PGP9.5, is a member of a gene family whose products hydrolyze small C-terminal adducts of ubiquitin to generate the ubiquitin monomer. Expression of UCH-L1 is highly specific to neurons and to cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and their tumors. It is abundantly present in all neurons (accounts for 1-2% of total brain protein), expressed specifically in neurons and testis/ovary. The catalytic triad of UCH-L1 contains a cysteine at position 90, an aspartate at position 176, and a histidine at position 161 that are responsible for its hydrolase activity. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor, also called IGF2R or I-MPR is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2R gene. This gene is mapped to 6q25.3. This gene encodes a receptor for both insulin-like growth factor 2 and mannose 6-phosphate, although the binding sites for either are located on different segments of the receptor. This receptor functions in the intracellular trafficking of lysosomal enzymes, the activation of transforming growth factor beta, and the degradation of insulin-like growth factor 2. While the related mouse gene shows exclusive expression from the maternal allele, imprinting of the human gene appears to be polymorphic, with only a minority of individuals showing expression from the maternal allele. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor, also called IGF2R or I-MPR is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2R gene. This gene is mapped to 6q25.3. This gene encodes a receptor for both insulin-like growth factor 2 and mannose 6-phosphate, although the binding sites for either are located on different segments of the receptor. This receptor functions in the intracellular trafficking of lysosomal enzymes, the activation of transforming growth factor beta, and the degradation of insulin-like growth factor 2. While the related mouse gene shows exclusive expression from the maternal allele, imprinting of the human gene appears to be polymorphic, with only a minority of individuals showing expression from the maternal allele. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human TGFBR2, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by eight amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: TGFBR2 (transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa)), also known as TGF-beta receptor type-2, TGFR-2, TGF-beta type II receptor, Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta receptor type II, TbetaR-II), is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family and the TGFB receptor subfamily. A TGFBR2 cDNA encodes a deduced 565-amino acid protein with a calculated molecular mass of approximately 60 kD in length. The encoded protein is a transmembrane protein that has a protein kinase domain, forms a heterodimeric complex with another receptor protein, and binds TGF-beta. This receptor/ligand complex phosphorylates proteins, which then enter the nucleus and regulate the transcription of a subset of genes related to cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Deitz aortic aneurysm syndrome, Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, and the development of various types of tumors. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different informs have been characterized. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Ki-67 (Proliferation-related Ki-67 antigen), also known as MKI67 or KIA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKI67 gene. From study of a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids, it has been demonstrated that a gene involved in the expression of the MKI67 antigen is located on chromosome 10. By in situ hybridization, Fonatsch et al. (1991) regionalized the MKI67 gene to chromosome 10q25-qter. By FISH, Traut et al. (1998) mapped the mouse Mki67 gene to chromosome 7F3-F5. Antigen KI-67 is a nuclear protein that is associated with and may be necessary for cellular proliferation. Furthermore it is associated with ribosomal RNA transcription. Inactivation of antigen KI-67 leads to inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CBX8 functions as a transcriptional repressor and has a role in DNA damage response. This gene is mapped to chromosome 17q25.3 based on an alignment of the CBX8 sequence with the genomic sequence (GRCh38). Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: This gene encodes a beta subunit of integrin, which can combine with different alpha chains to form a variety of integrin heterodimers. Integrins are integral cell-surface receptors that participate in cell adhesion as well as cell-surface mediated signaling. The alphav beta5 integrin is involved in adhesion to vitronectin. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: PHB2 (Prohibitin 2), also called Repressor of Estrogen Receptor Activity (REA), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHB2 gene. The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the PHB2 gene to chromosome 12. Montano et al. (1999) showed that REA enhanced the potency of a dominant-negative ER-alpha mutant and antiestrogens as suppressors of ER-alpha activity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. When coexpressed with wildtype ER-alpha or ER-beta (ESR2), REA suppressed activation of a <a href="https://www.bosterbio.com/cells/reporter-cell-lines" style="color:#ea8d28">reporter gene</a> in a dose-dependent manner. REA had no effect on reporter activity in the absence of liganded ER, and it had no effect on the transcriptional activities of other hormone receptors. Mutation analysis showed that an N-terminal domain and a central domain of REA were required for its repressor activity. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Clathrin heavy chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLTC gene. Clathrin is a major protein component of the cytoplasmic face of intracellular organelles, called coated vesicles and coated pits. These specialized organelles are involved in the intracellular trafficking of receptors and endocytosis of a variety of macromolecules. The basic subunit of the clathrin coat is composed of three heavy chains and three light chains. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: This gene encodes the cytosolic form of serine hydroxymethyltransferase, a pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This reaction provides one-carbon units for synthesis of methionine, thymidylate, and purines in the cytoplasm. This gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: This gene encodes a highly conserved nonhistone protein, which is a member of the heterochromatin protein family. The protein is enriched in the heterochromatin and associated with centromeres. The protein has a single N-terminal chromodomain which can bind to histone proteins via methylated lysine residues, and a C-terminal chromo shadow-domain (CSD) which is responsible for the homodimerization and interaction with a number of chromatin-associated nonhistone proteins. The encoded product is involved in the formation of functional kinetochore through interaction with essential kinetochore proteins. The gene has a pseudogene located on chromosome 3. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: MCM6 (Minichromosome maintenance, s. pombe, homolog of, 6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM6 gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The MCM genes were originally identified in yeast defective in minichromosome maintenance and have since been shown to play roles in the progression of the cell cycle; many are cell division control genes. The MCM6 gene is mapped on 2q21.3. Mcm 6 has recently been shown to interact strongly Cdt1 at defined residues, by mutating these target residues Wei et al. observed lack of Cdt1 recruitment of Mcm2-7 to the pre-RC. An approximately 200-kb region surrounding the C/T (-13910) polymorphism in MCM6 intron 13 functioned as an enhancer of the lactase gene promoter in intestinal cell culture. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: SH2-domain containing Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the INPPL1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an SH2-containing 5'-inositol phosphatase that is involved in the regulation of insulin function. The encoded protein also plays a role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor turnover and actin remodelling. Additionally, this gene supports metastatic growth in breast cancer and is a valuable biomarker for breast cancer. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: XRCC6 (X-Ray Repair, Complementing Defective, In Chinese Hamster, 6), also called Ku70, G22P1 or TLAA, is a protein that in humans, is encoded by the XRCC6 gene. In addition, the XRCC6 gene encodes subunit p70 of the p70/p80 autoantigen which consists of 2 proteins of molecular mass of approximately 70,000 and 80,000 daltons that dimerize to form a 10 S DNA-binding complex. The XRCC6 gene is mapped to 22q13.2. XRCC6 and Mre11 are differentially expressed during meiosis. XRCC6 interacts with Baxa, a mediator of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Disruption of both FANCC and XRCC6 suppressed sensitivity to crosslinking agents, diminished chromosome breaks, and reversed defective homologous recombination. Ku70 binds directly to free DNA ends, committing them to NHEJ repair. In early meiotic prophase, however, when meiotic recombination is most probably initiated, Mre11 was abundant, whereas XRCC6 was not detectable. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: XRCC6 (X-Ray Repair, Complementing Defective, In Chinese Hamster, 6), also called Ku70, G22P1 or TLAA, is a protein that in humans, is encoded by the XRCC6 gene. In addition, the XRCC6 gene encodes subunit p70 of the p70/p80 autoantigen which consists of 2 proteins of molecular mass of approximately 70,000 and 80,000 daltons that dimerize to form a 10 S DNA-binding complex. The XRCC6 gene is mapped to 22q13.2. XRCC6 and Mre11 are differentially expressed during meiosis. XRCC6 interacts with Baxa, a mediator of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Disruption of both FANCC and XRCC6 suppressed sensitivity to crosslinking agents, diminished chromosome breaks, and reversed defective homologous recombination. Ku70 binds directly to free DNA ends, committing them to NHEJ repair. In early meiotic prophase, however, when meiotic recombination is most probably initiated, Mre11 was abundant, whereas XRCC6 was not detectable. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAP2K2), also called PRKMK2 or MEK2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP2K2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a dual specificity protein kinase that belongs to the MAP kinase kinase family. MAP2K2 is mapped to 19p13.3. This kinase is known to play a critical role in mitogen growth factor signal transduction, and the inhibition or degradation of this kinase is found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Yersinia and anthrax. Recombinant MEK2 and MEK1 both could activate human ERK1 in vitro, and they further characterized biochemically the 2 MAP2Ks. MAP2K2 has been shown to interact with MAPK3 and ARAF. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human PNP, different from the related mouse sequence by six amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: The PNP gene encodes purine nucleoside phosphorylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of the purine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides inosine, guanosine, deoxyinosine, and deoxyguanosine. It is presented results from gene dosage studies consistent with assignment of the PNP locus to band 14q13. PNP is expressed in most tissues, with markedly greater expression in lymphoid tissues. Genetic deficiencies of PNP result in severely compromised Tlymphocyte function and neurologic dysfunction. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAMHD1 gene. This gene may play a role in regulation of the innate immune response. The encoded protein is upregulated in response to viral infection and may be involved in mediation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha proinflammatory responses. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SAMHD1 gene. This gene may play a role in regulation of the innate immune response. The encoded protein is upregulated in response to viral infection and may be involved in mediation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha proinflammatory responses. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Smad2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2), also known as MADR2, MADH2, SMAD family member 2 or SMAD2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD2 gene. MAD homolog 2 belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. Eppert et al. mapped the MADR2 gene close to DPC4 at 18q21, a region which is frequently deleted in colorectal cancers. Riggins et al. mapped the human MADH2 gene to 18q21. Nakao et al. refined the localization of the SMAD2 gene to 18q21.1, approximately 3 Mb proximal to DPC4, by fluorescence in situ hybridization. SMAD2 mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2, also known as PTBP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PTBP2 gene. It is mapped to 1p21.3. The protein encoded by this gene binds to intronic polypyrimidine clusters in pre-mRNA molecules and is implicated in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. This protein is very similar to the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) but most of its isoforms are expressed primarily in the brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2, also known as PTBP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PTBP2 gene. It is mapped to 1p21.3. The protein encoded by this gene binds to intronic polypyrimidine clusters in pre-mRNA molecules and is implicated in controlling the assembly of other splicing-regulatory proteins. This protein is very similar to the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) but most of its isoforms are expressed primarily in the brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulins. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents belong to the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes, which are highly conserved among species. This gene encodes alpha tubulin and is highly similar to the mouse and rat Tuba1 genes. Northern blot studies have shown that the gene expression is predominantly found in morphologically differentiated neurologic cells. This gene is one of three alpha-tubulin genes in a cluster on chromosome 12q. Mutations in this gene cause lissencephaly type 3 (LIS3) - a neurological condition characterized by microcephaly, intellectual disability, and early-onset epilepsy caused by defective neuronal migration. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX1 gene. It is mapped to 2p24.3. DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein of unknown function. It shows high transcription levels in 2 retinoblastoma cell lines and in tissues of neuroectodermal origin. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX1 gene. It is mapped to 2p24.3. DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein of unknown function. It shows high transcription levels in 2 retinoblastoma cell lines and in tissues of neuroectodermal origin. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX1 gene. It is mapped to 2p24.3. DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein of unknown function. It shows high transcription levels in 2 retinoblastoma cell lines and in tissues of neuroectodermal origin. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: DNA replication licensing factor MCM5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM5 gene. It is mapped to 22q12.3. The protein encoded by this gene is structurally very similar to the CDC46 protein from S. cerevisiae, a protein involved in the initiation of DNA replication. The encoded protein is a member of the MCM family of chromatin-binding proteins and can interact with at least two other members of this family. The encoded protein is upregulated in the transition from the G0 to G1/S phase of the cell cycle and may actively participate in cell cycle regulation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene. It is mapped to 19q13.42. U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), comprised of a large and a small subunit, is a non-snRNP protein required for the binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branch site. This gene encodes the U2AF large subunit which contains a sequence-specific RNA-binding region with 3 RNA recognition motifs and an Arg/Ser-rich domain necessary for splicing. The large subunit binds to the polypyrimidine tract of introns early during spliceosome assembly. Multiple transcript variants have been detected for this gene, but the full-length natures of only two have been determined to date. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene. It is mapped to 19q13.42. U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF), comprised of a large and a small subunit, is a non-snRNP protein required for the binding of U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA branch site. This gene encodes the U2AF large subunit which contains a sequence-specific RNA-binding region with 3 RNA recognition motifs and an Arg/Ser-rich domain necessary for splicing. The large subunit binds to the polypyrimidine tract of introns early during spliceosome assembly. Multiple transcript variants have been detected for this gene, but the full-length natures of only two have been determined to date. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: MAG (Myelin-associated glycoprotein),also known as SIGLEC4A, is a cell membrane glycoprotein that is a member of the SIGLEC family of proteins and is a functional ligand of the NOGO-66 receptor, NgR. It is though to be involved in the process of myelination. MAG is a sialic acid-binding SIGLEC protein and is a functional ligand for the NOGO receptor.The MAG gene is mapped on 19q13.12. Cleavage of GPI-linked proteins from axons protects growth cones from MAG-induced collapse, and dominant-negative NgR eliminates MAG inhibition of neurite outgrowth. MAG-resistant embryonic neurons were rendered MAG-sensitive by expression of NgR. MAG binds specifically to an NgR-expressing cell line in a GPI-dependent and sialic acid-independent manner. Experiments blocking NgR from interacting with MAG prevented inhibition of neurite outgrowth by MAG. In cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing the NOGO receptor, p75 (NTR) was required for MAG-induced intracellular calcium elevation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme that links the pentose phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is active in most tissues, provides sugar phosphates for intermediary biosynthesis, especially nucleotide metabolism, and generates the biosynthetic reducing power for the cell in the form of NADPH. Transketolase is directly involved in the branch of the pathway that channels excess sugar phosphates to glycolysis, enabling the production of NADPH to be maintained under different metabolic conditions. NADPH is critical for maintaining cerebral glutathione, and thus it is likely that transketolase plays an important role in brain metabolism. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme that links the pentose phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is active in most tissues, provides sugar phosphates for intermediary biosynthesis, especially nucleotide metabolism, and generates the biosynthetic reducing power for the cell in the form of NADPH. Transketolase is directly involved in the branch of the pathway that channels excess sugar phosphates to glycolysis, enabling the production of NADPH to be maintained under different metabolic conditions. NADPH is critical for maintaining cerebral glutathione, and thus it is likely that transketolase plays an important role in brain metabolism. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CDC45 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC45L gene. The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6/Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes. This protein has been shown to interact with MCM7 and DNA polymerase alpha. Studies of the similar gene in Xenopus suggested that this protein play a pivotal role in the loading of DNA polymerase alpha onto chromatin. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E. coli-derived human MPI recombinant protein (Position: A2-K99). Human MPI shares 88.8% and 86.7% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat MPI, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Mannose-6 phosphate isomerase (MPI), alternately phosphomannose isomerase (PMI), is an enzyme which facilitates the interconversion of fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) and mannose-6-phosphate (M6P). It also plays a critical role in maintaining the supply of D-mannose derivatives, which are required for most glycosylation reactions. Mutations in the MPI gene were found in patients with carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome, type Ib. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. This MPI gene is mapped to 15q24.1. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PARP recombinant protein (Position: Q670-R858). Human PARP shares 94% and 95% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat PARP, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1), also known as ADPRT or PPOL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene. PARP1 gene is mapped to 1q42.12. This gene encodes a chromatin-associated enzyme, poly (ADP-ribosyl)transferase, which modifies various nuclear proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. The modification is dependent on DNA and is involved in the regulation of various important cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and tumor transformation and also in the regulation of the molecular events involved in the recovery of cell from DNA damage. In addition, this enzyme may be the site of mutation in Fanconi anemia, and may participate in the pathophysiology of type I diabetes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CA1 recombinant protein (Position: D9-F261). Human CA1 shares 78.5% and 81% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CA1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene. It is a member of the Carbonic anhydrase. The CA1 gene is mapped to 8q22. CAI has got about 260 amino acids. This protein is highly expressed in erythrocytes. As catalysts of the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, CAI participates in a variety of biologic processes like respiration, calcification, acid-base balance etc. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human CA1 recombinant protein (Position: D9-F261). Human CA1 shares 78.5% and 81% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CA1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene. It is a member of the Carbonic anhydrase. The CA1 gene is mapped to 8q22. CAI has got about 260 amino acids. This protein is highly expressed in erythrocytes. As catalysts of the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, CAI participates in a variety of biologic processes like respiration, calcification, acid-base balance etc. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene. It is mapped to 15q26.1. Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for one strain of human coronavirus that is an important cause of upper respiratory tract infections. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: DCC-interacting protein 13-alpha (APPL1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APPL1 gene. The APPL1 gene is mapped to 3q21.1-p13.3. It is said to contain 709 amino acids and share 54% amino acid identity with APPL2. APPL is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, ovary, and pancreas, tissues in which AKT2 mRNA is abundant. It has been regarded as an adaptor that may tether inactive AKT2 to the PI3K in the cytoplasm and thereby may expedite recruitment of AKT2 and PI3K to the cell membrane upon mitogenic stimulation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Eukaryotic elongation factor 2is aproteinthat in humans is encoded by theEEF2gene. This gene encodes a member of the GTP-binding translation elongation factor family. This protein is an essential factor for protein synthesis. It promotes the GTP-dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome. This protein is completely inactivated by EF-2 kinase phosporylation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human FGB, different from the related mouse sequence by three amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Fibrinogen beta chain, mapped to 4q31.3, is also known asFGB. The protein encoded by this gene is the beta component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including afibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia, hypodysfibrinogenemia and thrombotic tendency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 (eRF1), also known asTB3-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ETF1 gene. It is mapped to 5q31.2. This gene encodes a class-1 polypeptide chain release factor. The encoded protein plays an essential role in directing termination of mRNA translation from the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA. This protein is a component of the SURF complex which promotes degradation of prematurely terminated mRNAs via the mechanism of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 6, 7, and X. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Eukaryotic translation termination factor 1 (eRF1), also known asTB3-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ETF1 gene. It is mapped to 5q31.2. This gene encodes a class-1 polypeptide chain release factor. The encoded protein plays an essential role in directing termination of mRNA translation from the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA. This protein is a component of the SURF complex which promotes degradation of prematurely terminated mRNAs via the mechanism of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 6, 7, and X. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Argininosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASS1 gene. It is mapped to 9q34.11. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the penultimate step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. There are approximately 10 to 14 copies of this gene including the pseudogenes scattered across the human genome, among which the one located on chromosome 9 appears to be the only functional gene for argininosuccinate synthetase. Mutations in the chromosome 9 copy of this gene cause citrullinemia. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Argininosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ASS1 gene. It is mapped to 9q34.11. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the penultimate step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway. There are approximately 10 to 14 copies of this gene including the pseudogenes scattered across the human genome, among which the one located on chromosome 9 appears to be the only functional gene for argininosuccinate synthetase. Mutations in the chromosome 9 copy of this gene cause citrullinemia. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Actin, a highly conserved protein, is a major component of both the cytoskeletal and contractile structures in the cell types. It varies in amount, being related to the type of differentiation and to the functional state of cells and tissues. The actins exhibit over 90% sequence homology, but each isoform has a unique NH2-terminal sequence. The isoforms are comprised of three alpha-actin, one beta-actin, two gamma-actin. Because the amino acid sequence of the C-terminal is the same for almost all actins, this antibody has been raised using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal 11 residues. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Aldolase A (ALDOA, or ALDA), also known as fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDOA gene on chromosome 16. This gene encodes a member of the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase protein family. The encoded protein is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Three aldolase isozymes (A, B, and C), encoded by three different genes, are differentially expressed during development. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Glycogen Storage Disease XII, an autosomal recessive disorder associated with hemolytic anemia. Disruption of this gene also plays a role in the progression of multiple types of cancers. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 3 and 10. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF4A1 gene. It is mapped to 17p13.1. EIF4A1 has been shown to interact with EIF4E and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial (PCK2, PEPCK-M), is an isozyme of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK, PEPCK) that in humans is encoded by the PCK2 gene. It is mapped to 14q11.2-q12. This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). A cytosolic form of this protein is encoded by a different gene and is the key enzyme of gluconeogenesis in the liver. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Liver carboxylesterase 1 also known as carboxylesterase 1 (CES1, hCE-1 or CES1A1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the carboxylesterase large family. The family members are responsible for the hydrolysis or transesterification of various xenobiotics, such as cocaine and heroin, and endogenous substrates with ester, thioester, or amide bonds. They may participate in fatty acyl and cholesterol ester metabolism, and may play a role in the blood-brain barrier system. This enzyme is the major liver enzyme and functions in liver drug clearance. Mutations of this gene cause carboxylesterase 1 deficiency. Three transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Filamin A, alpha (FLNA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLNA gene. It is mapped to Xq28. The protein encoded by this gene is an actin-binding protein that crosslinks actin filaments and links actin filaments to membrane glycoproteins. The encoded protein is involved in remodeling the cytoskeleton to effect changes in cell shape and migration. This protein interacts with integrins, transmembrane receptor complexes, and second messengers. Defects in this gene are a cause of several syndromes, including periventricular nodular heterotopias (PVNH1, PVNH4), otopalatodigital syndromes (OPD1, OPD2), frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD), Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS), and X-linked congenital idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction (CIIPX). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrialis anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theIDH2gene. Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD (+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP (+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP (+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the mitochondria. It plays a role in intermediary metabolism and energy production. This protein may tightly associate or interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], mitochondrialis anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theIDH2gene. Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD (+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP (+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP (+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the mitochondria. It plays a role in intermediary metabolism and energy production. This protein may tightly associate or interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 is a microtubule-associated protein that in humans is encoded by the CKAP5 gene. It is mapped to 11p11.2. This gene encodes a cytoskeleton-associated protein which belongs to the TOG/XMAP215 family. The N-terminal half of this protein contains a microtubule-binding domain and the C-terminal half contains a KXGS motif for binding tubulin dimers. This protein has two distinct roles in spindle formation; it protects kinetochore microtubules from depolymerization and plays an essential role in centrosomal microtubule assembly. This protein may be necessary for the proper interaction of microtubules with the cell cortex for directional cell movement. It also plays a role in translation of the myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA by interact ernatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviatedCYP2C19) encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and is known to metabolize many xenobiotics, including the anticonvulsive drug mephenytoin, omeprazole, diazepam and some barbiturates. Polymorphism within this gene is associated with variable ability to metabolize mephenytoin, known as the poor metabolizer and extensive metabolizer phenotypes. The gene is located within a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 10q24. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviatedCYP2C19) encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and is known to metabolize many xenobiotics, including the anticonvulsive drug mephenytoin, omeprazole, diazepam and some barbiturates. Polymorphism within this gene is associated with variable ability to metabolize mephenytoin, known as the poor metabolizer and extensive metabolizer phenotypes. The gene is located within a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 10q24. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) also known as AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPD gene. It is mapped to 4q21.22. This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are nucleic acid binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This protein is implicated in the regulation of mRNA stability. Alternative splicing of this gene results in four transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) also known as AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPD gene. It is mapped to 4q21.22. This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are nucleic acid binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This protein is implicated in the regulation of mRNA stability. Alternative splicing of this gene results in four transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human GAD65, different from the related mouse and rat sequences by one amino acid.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Glutamate decarboxylase 2, also known as GAD65, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GAD2 gene. This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantibody and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: MCM2 (MINICHROMOSOME MAINTENANCE, S. CEREVISIAE, HOMOLOG OF, 2), also known as MITOTIN, CDCL1 or BM28, is a human nuclear protein that plays an important role in 2 crucial steps of the cell cycle, namely, onset of DNA replication and cell division. And it is similar to members of the family of early S-phase proteins. The MCM2 gene is mapped to 3q21.3. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. In the G0 stage, the MCM2 and MCM5 proteins were much less abundant than the MCM7 and MCM3 proteins, which suggests that the MCM proteins are not present in stoichiometric amounts and that only a proportion of these molecules actively participate in cell cycle regulation as part of MCM complexes. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 33 (TRIM33), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (TIF1-?), is a human gene. The TRIM33 gene is mapped to chromosome 1p13 by FISH. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to be a transcriptional corepressor. However, molecules that interact with this protein have not yet been identified. The protein is a member of the tripartite motif family. This motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2, and a coiled-coil region. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described; however, the full-length nature of one variant has not been determined. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human PP2A-alpha recombinant protein (Position: M1-L309). Human PP2A-alpha shares 100% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat PP2A-alpha.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: The catalytic subunit of human protein phosphatase 2A (PPP2CA) encodes a 309-amino acid polypeptide. It is localized to chromosome 5. The gene (approximately 30 kbp) is composed of seven exons and six introns. It is predicted to be important for phosphatase enzymatic activity. Methylation of the C-terminal leucine residue (Leu309) of protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2AC) is known to regulate catalytic activity in vitro. Furthermore, PP2A has a fundamental role in cardiac function, and suggests that disturbances in protein phosphatase expression and activity may cause or exacerbate the course of cardiac diseases. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Bid recombinant protein (Position: M1-D195). Human Bid shares 64% and 61% amino acid (aa) sequences identity with mouse and rat Bid, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: BID (BH3-Interacting Domain Death Agonist), is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family. The BCL2 family of proteins consists of both antagonists and agonists that regulate apoptosis and compete through dimerization. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, Wang et al. (1998) mapped the human BID gene to 22q11. Luo et al. (1998) reported the purification of a cytosolic protein that induces cytochrome c release from mitochondria in response to caspase-8, the apical caspase activated by cell surface death receptors such as FAS and TNF. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion membrane. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity: Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in spleen, bone marrow, cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Isoform 2 is expressed in spleen, pancreas and placenta (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed in lung, pancreas and spleen (at protein level). Isoform 4 is expressed in lung and pancreas (at protein level).
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This gene is mapped to 6p12.3. MUT requires a vitamin B12-derived prosthetic group, adenosylcobalamin (commonly referred to as AdoCbl), to function. And the product of this enzyme, succinyl-CoA, is a key molecule of the TCA cycle. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion. Tissue Specificity:
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human AKR1D1, which shares 90.9% and 93.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat AKR1D1, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Human delta (4)-3-oxosteroid 5-beta-reductase (steroid 5-beta-reductase) catalyzes 5-beta-reduction of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta (4)-3-one structure. This gene is mapped to 7q33. The enzyme encoded by this gene is responsible for the catalysis of the 5-beta-reduction of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta (4)-3-one structure. Deficiency of this enzyme may contribute to hepatic dysfunction. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants may be present, but their full-length natures have not been determined yet. Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in liver. Expressed in testis and weakly in colon.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Thioredoxin, mitochondrial also known as thioredoxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXN2 gene on chromosome 22. It is mapped to 22q12.3. This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial member of the thioredoxin family, a group of small multifunctional redox-active proteins. The encoded protein may play important roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and in protection against oxidant-induced apoptosis. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion. Tissue Specificity: Widely expressed in adult (at protein level) and fetal tissues.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Thioredoxin, mitochondrial also known as thioredoxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXN2 gene on chromosome 22. It is mapped to 22q12.3. This nuclear gene encodes a mitochondrial member of the thioredoxin family, a group of small multifunctional redox-active proteins. The encoded protein may play important roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and in protection against oxidant-induced apoptosis. Subcellular Localization: Mitochondrion. Tissue Specificity: Widely expressed in adult (at protein level) and fetal tissues.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CTNNA1, also known as Catenin alpha-1 or Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNA1 gene. It is mapped to 5q31.2. When surface epithelium CTNNA1 was ablated, hair follicle development was blocked and epidermal morphogenesis was dramatically affected, with defects in adherens junction formation, intercellular adhesion, and epithelial polarity. In vitro, CTNNA1 null keratinocytes were poorly contact inhibited and grew rapidly. These differences were not dependent upon intercellular adhesion and were in marked contrast to keratinocytes conditionally null for another essential intercellular adhesion protein, desmoplakin Knockout keratinocytes exhibited sustained activation of the Ras-MAPK cascade due to aberrations in growth factor responses. It is concluded that features of precancerous lesions often attributed to defects in cell cycle regulatory genes can be generated by compromising the function of CTNNA1. Subcellular Localization: Cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasmic side. Adherens junction. Cell junction. Tissue Specificity: Expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues.
E.coli-derived human CD146 recombinant protein (Position: H59-A401). Human CD146 shares 73% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat CD146.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD146 (cluster of differentiation 146), also known as the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, is a 113kDa cell adhesion molecule currently used as a marker for endothelial cell lineage. MCAM, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is homologous to several cell adhesion molecules and is associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. By radiation hybrid analysis, this gene is mapped to chromosome 11q23.3. MCAM has been demonstrated to appear on a small subset of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. MCAM has been seen as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells isolated from multiple adult and fetal organs, and its expression may be linked to multipotency mesenchymal stem cells with greater differentiation potential express higher levels of MCAM on the cell surface. Subcellular Localization: Membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Detected in endothelial cells in vascular tissue throughout the body. May appear at the surface of neural crest cells during their embryonic migration. Appears to be limited to vascular smooth muscle in normal adult tissues. Associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. Expressed most strongly on metastatic lesions and advanced primary tumors and is only rarely detected in benign melanocytic nevi and thin primary melanomas with a low probability of metastasis.
E.coli-derived human CD146 recombinant protein (Position: H59-A401). Human CD146 shares 73% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat CD146.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD146 (cluster of differentiation 146), also known as the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) or cell surface glycoprotein MUC18, is a 113kDa cell adhesion molecule currently used as a marker for endothelial cell lineage. MCAM, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is homologous to several cell adhesion molecules and is associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. By radiation hybrid analysis, this gene is mapped to chromosome 11q23.3. MCAM has been demonstrated to appear on a small subset of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. MCAM has been seen as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells isolated from multiple adult and fetal organs, and its expression may be linked to multipotency mesenchymal stem cells with greater differentiation potential express higher levels of MCAM on the cell surface. Subcellular Localization: Membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Detected in endothelial cells in vascular tissue throughout the body. May appear at the surface of neural crest cells during their embryonic migration. Appears to be limited to vascular smooth muscle in normal adult tissues. Associated with tumor progression and the development of metastasis in human malignant melanoma. Expressed most strongly on metastatic lesions and advanced primary tumors and is only rarely detected in benign melanocytic nevi and thin primary melanomas with a low probability of metastasis.
E.coli-derived human CD31 recombinant protein (Position: Q28-G382). Human CD31 shares 65% and 68% amino acid (aa) sequences identity with mouse and rat CD31, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: CD31 also known as Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), is a protein that in human is encoded by the PECAM1 gene. Encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, CD31 is mapped to 17q23.3. CD31 is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions. It is demonstrated that CD31 expression on human PBSCs may positively affect both neutrophil and platelet engraftment. Meanwhile, CD31 is involved in leukocyte migration and angiogenesis, which are key components of venous thrombus resolution. Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane. Single-pass type I membrane protein. Membrane raft. Cell junction. Tissue Specificity: Expressed on platelets and leukocytes and is primarily concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells. Expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (at protein level). Expressed on neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform Long predominates in all tissues examined. Isoform Delta12 is detected only in trachea. Isoform Delta14-15 is only detected in lung. Isoform Delta14 is detected in all tissues examined with the strongest expression in heart. Isoform Delta15 is expressed in brain, testis, ovary, cell surface of platelets, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Jurkat T-cell leukemia, human erythroleukemia (HEL) and U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (at protein level).
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 betais anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theBUB1Bgene. This gene encodes a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function. The protein has been localized to the kinetochore and plays a role in the inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), delaying the onset of anaphase and ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. Subcellular Localization: Centrosome. Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Kinetochore. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in thymus followed by spleen. Preferentially expressed in tissues with a high mitotic index.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 betais anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theBUB1Bgene. This gene encodes a kinase involved in spindle checkpoint function. The protein has been localized to the kinetochore and plays a role in the inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), delaying the onset of anaphase and ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Impaired spindle checkpoint function has been found in many forms of cancer. Subcellular Localization: Centrosome. Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Kinetochore. Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed in thymus followed by spleen. Preferentially expressed in tissues with a high mitotic index.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Hexokinase-1 (HK1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HK1 gene on chromosome 10. It is mapped to 10q22.1. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. Subcellular Localization: Cytosol. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Hexokinase-1 (HK1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HK1 gene on chromosome 10. It is mapped to 10q22.1. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. Subcellular Localization: Cytosol. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2 or CD192 (cluster of differentiation 192) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR2 gene. It is mapped to 3p21.31. The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a chemokine which specifically mediates monocyte chemotaxis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is involved in monocyte infiltration in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis as well as in the inflammatory response against tumors. The encoded protein mediates agonist-dependent calcium mobilization and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. This protein can also be a coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection. Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Tissue Specificity: Expressed by monocytes and IL2-activated NK cells.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF1 gene. This gene encodes a protein that is part of a post-splicing multiprotein complex involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. mRNA surveillance detects exported mRNAs with truncated open reading frames and initiates nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). When translation ends upstream from the last exon-exon junction, this triggers NMD to degrade mRNAs containing premature stop codons. And this protein is located only in the cytoplasm. When translation ends, it interacts with the protein that is a functional homolog of yeast Upf2p to trigger mRNA decapping. Use of multiple polyadenylation sites has been noted for this gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. P-body. Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitous.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of human RNH1, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by four amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Ribonuclease inhibitor is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNH1 gene. Placental ribonuclease inhibitor (PRI) is a member of a family of proteinaceous cytoplasmic RNase inhibitors that occur in many tissues and bind to both intracellular and extracellular Rnases. In addition to control of intracellular RNases, the inhibitor may have a role in the regulation of angiogenin. Ribonuclease inhibitor, of 50,000 Da, binds to ribonucleases and holds them in a latent form. Since neutral and alkaline ribonucleases probably play a critical role in the turnover of RNA in eukaryotic cells, RNH may be essential for control of mRNA turnover; the interaction of eukaryotic cells with ribonuclease may be reversible in vivo. Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: DDX5 (DEAD/H BOX 5), also known as HLR1 or G17P1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX5 gene. The p68 protein is a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen first identified through its highly specific cross-reaction with the simian virus 40 tumor antigen (Iggo et al., 1989). Subsequently, homology to eukaryotic translation initiation factor was found, and amino acid sequence blocks characteristic of a large superfamily of proteins with putative helicase activity were demonstrated. Brody et al. (1995) confirmed that this gene is located on chromosome 17 in the region of the BRCA1 gene at 17q21. By immunoprecipitation analysis, Caretti et al. (2006) found that p68, p72 (DDX17), and the noncoding RNA SRA (SRA1) associated with MYOD (MYOD1) in MYOD-transfected HeLa cells. Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Spliceosome. Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human KAP1 recombinant protein (Position: A699-P835). Human KAP1 shares 94.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat KAP1.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1? (TIF1?) and KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM28 gene. The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control by interaction with the Kruppel-associated box repression domain found in many transcription factors. The protein localizes to the nucleus and is thought to associate with specific chromatin regions. KAP1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in many critical functions including: transcriptional regulation, cellular differentiation and proliferation, DNA damage repair, viral suppression, and apoptosis. Its functionality is dependent upon post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation of KAP1 acts as a deactivator of the protein in many of its mechanisms while sumoylation acts as an activator. Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Tissue Specificity: Expressed in all tissues tested including spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocytes.
E.coli-derived human KAP1 recombinant protein (Position: A699-P835). Human KAP1 shares 94.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat KAP1.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml. Background: Tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1? (TIF1?) and KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM28 gene. The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control by interaction with the Kruppel-associated box repression domain found in many transcription factors. The protein localizes to the nucleus and is thought to associate with specific chromatin regions. KAP1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in many critical functions including: transcriptional regulation, cellular differentiation and proliferation, DNA damage repair, viral suppression, and apoptosis. Its functionality is dependent upon post-translational modifications. Phosphorylation of KAP1 acts as a deactivator of the protein in many of its mechanisms while sumoylation acts as an activator. Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Tissue Specificity: Expressed in all tissues tested including spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocytes.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: CD46 complement regulatory protein also known as CD46 (cluster of differentiation 46) and Membrane Cofactor Protein is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system. And the encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. In addition, the encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria. Finally, the protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Mutations at this locus have been associated with susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.
Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity: Expressed by all cells except erythrocytes.
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human GAA, different from the related mouse sequence by eight amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by six amino acids.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GAA gene. This gene encodes lysosomal alpha-glucosidase, which is essential for the degradation of glycogen to glucose in lysosomes. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate multiple intermediate forms and the mature form of the enzyme. Defects in this gene are the cause of glycogen storage disease II, also known as Pompe's disease, which is an autosomal recessive disorder with a broad clinical spectrum. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
E.coli-derived human Peroxiredoxin 6 recombinant protein (Position: E15-P224). Human Peroxiredoxin 6 shares 90% and 91% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Peroxiredoxin 6, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: PRDX6 is also known as PRX, p29 or AOP2. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the thiol-specific antioxidant protein family. This protein is a bifunctional enzyme with two distinct active sites. It is involved in redox regulation of the cell; it can reduce H (2)O (2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides. It may play a role in the regulation of phospholipid turnover as well as in protection against oxidative injury.
Subcellular Localization: Cytoplasm. Lysosome. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Also found in lung secretory organelles. Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: High-mobility group protein B, also known as HMG4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB3 gene. This gene encodes a member of a family of proteins containing one or more high mobility group DNA-binding motifs. The encoded protein plays an important role in maintaining stem cell populations, and may be aberrantly expressed in tumor cells. A mutation in this gene was associated with microphthalmia, syndromic 13. There are numerous pseudogenes of this gene on multiple chromosomes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Anti-ATP5H in Antibody Picoband (monoclonal, 6B12)
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Human,Monkey,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen:
E.coli-derived human ATP5H recombinant protein (Position: A2-L161). Human ATP5H shares 81% and 78% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat ATP5H, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: ATP5H is also known as ATPQ. Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the d subunit of the Fo complex. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. In addition, three pseudogenes are located on chromosomes 9, 12 and 15.
E.coli-derived human GFAP recombinant protein (Position: Q93-M432). Human GFAP shares 94% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat GFAP.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a protein that is encoded by the GFAP gene in humans. It is an intermediate filament (IF) protein that is expressed by numerous cell types of the central nervous system (CNS) including astrocytes, and ependymal cells. It is mapped to 17q21.31. GFAP is closely related to its non-epithelial family members, vimentin, desmin, and peripherin, which are all involved in the structure and function of the cell’s cytoskeleton. GFAP is thought to help to maintain astrocyte mechanical strength, as well as the shape of cells. This gene has been shown to play a role in mitosis by adjusting the filament network present in the cell. GFAP is necessary for many critical roles in the CNS. What’s more, GFAP also plays a role in astrocyte-neuron interactions as well as cell-cell communication. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. And this protein is a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex, which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. It also plays a role in signal transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency, a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Hsc70 recombinant protein (Position: Q520-A614). Human Hsc70 shares 98.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with both mouse and rat Hsc70.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: HSPA8 (heat shock 70kDa protein 8) also known as HSC70, HSC71, HSP73, HSPA10, FORMERLY, LAP1 or LPS-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1, is a heat shock protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPA8 gene. The HSPA8 gene contains 9 exons and spans 5 kb. The deduced HSPA8 protein has 646 amino acids and a predicted molecular mass of 70,899 Da. And the HSPA8 gene is mapped on 11q24.1. HSPA8 plays an important role in cells by transiently associating with nascent polypeptides to facilitate correct folding. HSP73 also functions as an ATPase in the disassembly of clathrin-coated vesicles during transport of membrane components through the cell. Rapid decay involves AU-rich binding protein AUF1, which complexes with heat-shock proteins HSC70 and HSP70, translation initiation factor EIF4G, and poly (A)-binding protein. In the absence of Il3, Hsc70 formed a complex with Hsp40 and Hip, and this complex, in association with Eif4g and Pabp, formed a high-stability complex with Bim mRNA that protected it from ribonucleases. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B (Cluster of Differentiation 79B), is a human gene. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, It is mapped to 17q23.3. The CD79B protein together with the related CD79A protein, forms a dimer associated with membrane bound immunoglobulin in B-cells, thus forming the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) which is a multimeric complex that includes the antigen-specific component, surface immunoglobulin (Ig). CD79b also can enhances phosphorylation of CD79A, possibly by recruiting kinases which phosphorylate CD79A or by recruiting proteins which bind to CD79A and protect it from dephosphorylation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTBP1 gene. It is mapped to 19p13.3. This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA-binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has four repeats of quasi-RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains that bind RNAs. This protein binds to the intronic polypyrimidine tracts that requires pre-mRNA splicing and acts via the protein degradation ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It may also promote the binding of U2 snRNP to pre-mRNAs. This protein is localized in the nucleoplasm and it is also detected in the perinucleolar structure. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: ATF1, also known as activating transcription factor 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATF1 gene. It is mapped to 12q13.12. This gene encodes an activating transcription factor, which belongs to the ATF subfamily and bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. This protein is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine/threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk-3). Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation. Subcellular Localization: Tissue Specificity:
E.coli-derived human Cytokeratin 18 recombinant protein (Position: E204-H430). Human Cytokeratin 18 shares 87.7% and 85.9% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Cytokeratin 18, respectively.
Store at -20?C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4?C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20?C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500?g/ml. Background: Keratin 18, mapped to 12q13.13, is a type I cytokeratin. It is, together with its filament partner keratin 8, perhaps the most commonly found products of the intermediate filament gene family. They are expressed in single layer epithelial tissues of the body. Mutations in this gene have been linked to cryptogenic cirrhosis. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. Subcellular Localization: Nucleolus. Perinuclear region. Tissue Specificity: Expressed in colon, placenta, liver and very weakly in exocervix. Increased expression observed in lymph nodes of breast carcinoma.
Mouse anti Human Apolipoprotein E antibody, clone WUE-4 recognizes an epitope within amino acids 140-160 of human apolipoprotein E (Apo-E), a major component of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). Apo-E is the principle apolipoprotein in the central nervous system, and is secreted by most organs into the plasma, playing a vital role in the binding, internalization and catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents.Apo-E acts as a ligand for both the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues, and the apoB,E (LDL) receptor. Three isoforms of Apo-E have been identified, ApoE2, E3 and E4, and have been linked with various disorders. ApoE2 has been shown to bind LPL receptors with low affinity, resulting in increased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and thereby an increased risk in cardiovascular disorders. ApoE4 is a high risk factor for Alzheimers disease (Sanan et al. 1994), and in particular late onset Alzheimer disease 2 (AD2), whilst ApoE3 is the most common isoform, and considered the normal/natural Apo-E genotype.Mouse anti Human Apolipoprotein E antibody, clone WUE-4 has been shown to inhibit Apo-E mediated binding of lipoproteins to the apoB,E cell receptor (Krul et al. 1998). Storage: This product is shipped at ambient temperature. It is recommended to aliquot and store at -20°C on receipt. When thawed, aliquot the sample as needed. Keep aliquots at 2-8°C for short term use (up to 4 weeks) and store the remaining aliquots at -20°C.Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended.
Mouse anti Human Fibrinogen antibody, clone 40F11 recognizes human fibrinogen, a glycoprotein produced in the liver. Fibrinogen is a hexamer, consisting of two sets of three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma). Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which is then cross-linked by factor XIII to form a blood clot. Mouse anti Human Fibrinogen antibody, clone 40F11 also recognizes fibrin degradation products (FDPs), substances that are left behind after a blood clot dissolves. This process, called fibrinolysis, is produced by the action of enzymes such as plasmin on fibrin. One FDP is D-dimer, levels of which can be used to diagnose deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The fibrinolytic system is also closely linked to the control of inflammation. Storage: This product is shipped at ambient temperature. It is recommended to aliquot and store at -20°C on receipt. When thawed, aliquot the sample as needed. Keep aliquots at 2-8°C for short term use (up to 4 weeks) and store the remaining aliquots at -20°C.Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended.
Mouse anti Human Apolipoprotein A1, clone G2 recognizes Apolipoprotein A-1 (also known as Apo-A1) , a lipid-binding protein which enables the transport of dietary lipids for storage, metabolism and secretion. Apo-A1 plays an important part in the removal of cholesterol from cells.Mouse anti Human Apolipoprotein A1, clone G2 reacts with both free human Apo-A1 and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) bearing Apo-A1, but does not cross-react with ApoE, ApoB or Albumin. Storage: Prior to reconstitution store at +4oC.After reconstitution store at -20oC.Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody.
Glucose transporter 1 (or GLUT1), also known as solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1) protein is coded by the SLC2A1 gene on chromosome 1p34.2. GLUT1 facilitates the transport of glucose across the plasma membranes of cells. Glut1 is also a receptor for vitamin C uptake and the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) I and II. GLUT1 expression occurs in almost all tissues. The level of GLUT1 expression parallels the rate of cellular glucose metabolism. It is particularly high in erythrocytes and in endothelial cells of the bloodbrain barrier. GLUT1 is often overexpressed in cancer because many tumors exert a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis which requires an elevated uptake of glucose. In cancer GLUT1 represents a potential therapeutic target for GLUT1 inhibitors such as Bay-876. In normal tissues, the strongest GLUT1 immunostaining is seen in amnion, chorion, and trophoblast cells of the placenta. GLUT1 staining is also strong in all erythrocytes and their precursor cells. GLUT1 staining of endothelial cells is depending on the location and tissue type. It is strongest in the brain. An at least weak to moderate staining is seen in squamous epithelium and urothelium as well as in dendritic cells of germinal centres. Among tumors, a positive GLUT1 immunostaining is preferentially seen in squamous cell carcinomas irrespective of their origin but at least a small fraction of GLUT1 positive cases also occurs in a broad range of other tumor entities.
Cadherin-16, coded by the CDH16 gene at 16q22.1, belongs to the cadherin superfamily which is composed of calcium-dependent, membrane-associated glycoproteins with a role in cell-adhesion. CDH16 is involved in embryonal development and cell growth. CDH16 supports the formation of tubuli during renal development and remains expressed in distal tubuli of adult kidneys. CDH16 has therefore also been termed kidney specific cadherin (ksp-cadherin) but the protein is also relevant for the development of follicular thyroid cells and thyroid follicular polarity. CDH16 immunostaining is predominantly seen in the kidney, thyroid and the epididymis. In the kidney, CDH16 immunostaining is stronger in distal tubuli and collecting ducts than in proximal tubuli. The staining pattern is membranous (predominantly basolateral) and also cytoplasmic. In the thyroid, a strong membranous CDH16 staining occurs in follicle cells. In the epididymis, a predominantly membranous but also cytoplasmic staining is preferably seen in epithelial cells of the cauda while staining is absent or markedly weaker in the caput. Among cancers, a positive CDH16 immunostaining is most commonly seen in kidney cancer. CDH16 expression also occurs in cancers of the thyroid, uterine cervix, endometrium and the ovary.
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is produced as a 900 kDa pentamer, which is an efficient complement binder. This antibody type is produced initially in the immune response and it is the first immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by a fetus or newborn. IgM antibodies do not cross the placenta. IgM concentration in blood is 0.12 g/l and its biological survival (plasma T1/2) is 5 days.SpecificityApplication details Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.<br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml, extracellular and intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG5
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CH2
Conjugate:
HRP
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified antibody is conjugated with activated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) of high specific enzyme activity under optimum conditions and unconjugated antibody and free HRP are removed by size-exclusion chromatography.
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is produced as a 900 kDa pentamer, which is an efficient complement binder. This antibody type is produced initially in the immune response and it is the first immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by a fetus or newborn. IgM antibodies do not cross the placenta. IgM concentration in blood is 0.12 g/l and its biological survival (plasma T1/2) is 5 days.SpecificityImmunoglobulin M (IgM) is produced as a 900 kDa pentamer, which is an efficient complement binder. This antibody type is produced initially in the immune response and it is the first immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by a fetus or newborn. IgM antibodies do not cross the placenta. IgM concentration in blood is 0.12 g/l and its biological survival (plasma T1/2) is 5 days.Application details Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml. Extracellular and intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG4
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CH2
Conjugate:
FITC
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified antibody is conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) under optimum conditions and unconjugated antibody and free fluorochrome are removed by size-exclusion chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a 150 kDa soluble protein that serves as a major effector molecule of the humoral immune response in man. Its concentration in blood plasma of healthy individuals is approximately 10 g/l, which accounts for about 75% of the total plasma immunoglobulins. IgG has the highest stability of blood immunoglobulins (T1/2 = 21 days) and is able of placental transfer. IgG is secreted by plasma cells at a comparably high rate as other immunoglobulins.SpecificityImmunoglobulin M (IgM) is produced as a 900 kDa pentamer, which is an efficient complement binder. This antibody type is produced initially in the immune response and it is the first immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by a fetus or newborn. IgM antibodies do not cross the placenta. IgM concentration in blood is 0.12 g/l and its biological survival (plasma T1/2) is 5 days.Application details Western blotting and ELISA: The peroxidase conjugate of this antibody is suitable for detection of human IgG Fc fragments. The antibody EM-07 does not crossreact with IgM.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-07
Conjugate:
HRP
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified antibody is conjugated with activated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) of high specific enzyme activity under optimum conditions and unconjugated antibody and free HRP are removed by size-exclusion chromatography.
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a 150 kDa soluble protein that serves as a major effector molecule of the humoral immune response in man. Its concentration in blood plasma of healthy individuals is approximately 10 g/l, which accounts for about 75% of the total plasma immunoglobulins. IgG has the highest stability of blood immunoglobulins (T1/2 = 21 days) and is able of placental transfer. IgG is secreted by plasma cells at a comparably high rate as other immunoglobulins.SpecificityImmunoglobulin G (IgG) is a 150 kDa soluble protein that serves as a major effector molecule of the humoral immune response in man. Its concentration in blood plasma of healthy individuals is approximately 10 g/l, which accounts for about 75% of the total plasma immunoglobulins. IgG has the highest stability of blood immunoglobulins (T1/2 = 21 days) and is able of placental transfer. IgG is secreted by plasma cells at a comparably high rate as other immunoglobulins.Application details Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-07
Conjugate:
FITC
Concentration:
0.1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified antibody is conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) under optimum conditions and unconjugated antibody and free fluorochrome are removed by size-exclusion chromatography.
The ZAP70 (zeta-associated protein of 70 kDa) tyrosine kinase was identified as a tyrosine phosphoprotein that associates with TCR zeta subunit and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation following TCR stimulation. ZAP70 is a Syk family tyrosine kinase primarily expressed in T and NK cells that plays an essential role in signaling through the TCR. TCR-mediated activation of T cells is crucial to the immune response. In humans, ZAP70 gene mutations resulting in lower ZAP70 protein expression levels or expression of catalytically inactive ZAP70 proteins, have been identified. ZAP70 deficiency results in the absence of mature CD8+ T cells and the prevention of TCR-mediated activation of CD4+ T cells, and it can lead to severe combined immunodeficiency.In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), ZAP70 expression on B cell was shown to be correlated with disease progression and survival. ZAP70 contains two N-terminal SH2 domains (Src homology domain 2) and a C-terminal kinase domain. During T cell activation, the binding of ZAP70 SH2 domains to the phosphorylated zeta subunit on the activated TCR complex causes a colocalization with the Lck tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates ZAP70 on Tyr493 in the activation loop. ZAP70 autophosphorylates multiple tyrosines in the region between the SH2 domains and the kinase domain, including the binding sites for additional SH2-containing signaling proteins such as SLP76, LAT, Lck, PLCgamma1, Vav, Shc, Ras-GAP, and Abl. ZAP70-mediated activation of these downstream effectors leads to the release of intracellular calcium stores, and the transcription of interleukin-2 and other genes important for an immune response.SpecificityApplication detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml; positive control: HPB-ALL human peripheral blood T cell leukemia cell line. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 0.5-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ZAP-03
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types - fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. In non-vascular smooth muscle cellsand striated muscle, vimentin is often replaced by desmin, however, during regeneration, vimentin is reexpressed. Cells of the lymfo-haemopoietic system (lymphocytes, macrophages etc.) also express vimentin, sometimes in scarce amounts. Vimentin is also found in mesoderm derived epithelia, e.g. kidney (Bowman capsule), endometrium and ovary (surface epithelium), in myoepithelial cells (breast, salivary and sweat glands), an in thyroid gland epithelium. In these cell types, as in mesothelial cells, vimentin is coexpressed with cytokeratin.Furthermore, vimentin is detected in many cells from the neural crest. Particularly melanocytes express abundant vimentin. In glial cells vimentin is coexpressed with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein). Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or malignant melanoma.SpecificityThe antibody ZAP-03 reacts with ZAP70, a 70 kDa protein tyrosine kinase expressed in T and NK cells (intracellular antigen). ZAP70 is a molecule susceptible to degradation. It is recommended to use freshly prepared cell lysates (protease inhibitors are essential) to avoid non-specific staining of degradation products.Application detailsImmunocytochemistry: Staining technique: (a) fix cells for 10 min in methanol at -20°C and for 6 min in acetone at -20°C; (b) fix cells directly in methanol for 10 min at -20°C or in acetone for 10 min at -20°C. Positive control: 3T3 murine Swiss albino fibroblast cell line, RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml, positive tissue: skin fibroblast.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VI-10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
Ubinuclein 1 (UBN1) is a ubiquitously expressed evolutionarily conserved protein which binds to proliferation-promoting genes that are repressed by formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF). Ubinuclein 1 associates with various transcription factors and with histone methyltransferase activity, is indispensable for SAHF formation and appears to be a regulator of senescence. Although in most cells ubinuclein is localized to the nucleus, in cells forming tight junctions it is recruited to the cell adhesion complexes, dependently on the cell density.SpecificityThe antibody VI-10 reacts with vimentin, a 57 kDa intermediate filament intracellular protein expressed in variety of mesenchymal and mesodermal cell types.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml; positive control: HeLa cell line.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
UBN1-02
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TPX2 is a microtubule-associated protein, which is a critical regulator of mitosis. At the beginning of mitosis, TPX2 is released and plays a significant role in mitotic spindle formation and subsequent proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. After completion of mitosis the TPX2 protein disappears, but has also role in DNA damage response. Its overexpression has been demonstrated in many types of carcinomas. TPX2 belongs to the markers of worse tumor prognosis. On the other hand, down-regulation of TPX2 can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.SpecificityThe antibody UBN1-02 recognizes N-terminal part of ubinuclein 1 (UBN1), a widely expressed nuclear and adhesion complex protein. Western blotting analysis reveals UBN1 as a 165 kDa band.Application details
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TPX2-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TNF-alpha is a cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and many transformed cells. It can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule, or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha easily forms stable trimers, but also other multimeric complexes. In the immune system, it is an important regulator, which has cytolytic and cytostatic activity against a range of tumor cells, increases fibroblast proliferation and supports neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TPX2-01 recognizes the epitope EPFVPKKEKKS (aa 636-646 in human) of TPX2, a microtubule-associated intracellular critical regulator of mitosis, which is overexpressed in many types of tumors and is a marker of worse prognosis in various cancers.Application detailsELISA: Biotinylated MAb11 can be used as a detection antibody in combination with capture antibody MAb1. <br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): paraformaldehyde-fixed, saponin-treated frozen tissue sections. <br>Flow cytometry: Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MAb11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), also known as liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase, or MSCA-1 (mesenchymal stem cell antigen 1) is a selective marker for the prospective isolation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-like cells. It is expressed at high levels in liver, bone, kidney, or endometrium, as well as on embryonic stem cells (ESCs). TNAP also plays a role in bone mineralization. Mutations in TNAP gene are associated with hypercalcemia and skeletal defects (hypophosphatasia).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody MAb11 recognizes human 17-26 kDa cytokine TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
W8B2B10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TIAR is an ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein, which regulates translational control, splicing, and other activities, including apoptosis. TIAR attenuates CDK1 activity, and is essential for the G2/M checkpoint. It accumulates in nuclear foci in late G2 phase and prophase in cells under replication stress. In steady state TIAR shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, probably as a part of nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA, but under stress conditions it accumulates mRNA molecules in granules and prevents their translation. Nucleolytic activity of TIAR against attacked target cells of cytotoxic lymphocytes has also been reported. Similarly, e.g. in permeabilized thymocytes TIAR triggers DNA fragmentation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody W8B2B10 recognizes TNAP (tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase), an ectoenzyme expressed mainly on embryonic stem cells, liver, bone, and kidney cells. This antibody is suitable for characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs, iPSCs, and ESCs.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 5 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6E3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TFG (TRK-fused gene protein) is a regulatory protein with not fully understood function. Its defects are associated with various carcinomas, such as e.g. melanoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, or glioma. TFG structure (multiple protein interaction motifs) indicated it can be an adaptor protein. It has been demonstrated TFG interacts with proteins modulating the NFkappaB pathway (TANK and NEMO). TNG enhances the effect of TNFalpha, TANK, TRAF2 and TRAF6 in inducing NFkappaB activity.SpecificityThe antibody 2H11 recognizes thyroglobulin (TG), a 610 kDa extracellular secreted glycoprotein specific to the thyroid gland. TG is mainly expressed on thyroid follicular cells (99,1 %).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TFG-03
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Tenascin C is an approximately 250 kDa extracellular matrix glycoprotein with important roles in the nervous system, as it promotes correct migration of growing axons during development and during neuronal regeneration. It is also involved in synaptic plasticity. Ligands of tenascin C are integrins alpha-8/beta-1, alpha-9/beta-1, alpha-V/beta-3, and alpha-V/beta-6. Similarly to neural cells, it also stimulates angiogenesis by promoting elongation and migration of endothelial cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TFG-03 recognizes TFG, an approximately 50 kDa intracellular protein with regulatory functions.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Immunohistochemical detection of tenascin is valuable for studies of tissue differentiation and tumour growth. The antibody T2H5 is excellent for staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
T2H5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63, do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins, and allow for discrimination between p63 isoforms TAp63 and deltaNp63 with opposite functional properties.SpecificityThe antibody T2H5 recognizes tenascin C, a large hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TAp63-4.1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
STIM1 (stromal interacting molecule; also known as GOK) acts as a sensor of calcium depletion within the endoplasmic reticulum and transduces the signal to Orai1, the presumptive CRAC channel at the plasma membrane. Following decrease of luminal calcium concentration, STIM1 oligomerizes and induces Orai1 to enable entry of extracellular calcium into the cytoplasm. However, the precise mechanism of STIM1-Orai1 interaction has not been elucidated yet. Many questions also remain to be solved around STIM1 functional distribution. It turns out that STIM1 associates with growing ends of microtubules and is involved in endoplasmic reticulum tubule extension.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TAp63-4.1 recognizes TAp63; target epitope LSDPMW. This antibody does not bind to deltaNp63 isoform of p63.Application detailsImmunocytochemistry: Methanol-aceton fixation; positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line.<br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: RBL rat basophilic leukemia cell line; both reducing and non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CDN3H4
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in growth arrest, apoptosis promoting and tumour suppression. After ligation of cytokine receptors STAT1 becomes phosphorylated on Tyr701 by Janus kinase JAK1 or JAK2, dimerizes, translocates to nucleus and contacts DNA. STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers serve as more potent transcriptional inducers than STAT1 homodimers. STAT1 is also phosphorylated on Ser727 by MAPK pathway, independently of tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the both modifications are important for its maximal transcriptional activity. On the other hand, STAT1 phosphorylated on Ser727 is targeted for proteasomal degradation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CDN3H4 reacts with a cytoplasmic epitope of human and rodent STIM1, a 84 kDa essential and conserved regulator of store-operated Ca2+ channel function.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution 1-2 ?g/ml, reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SM2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (son-of-sevenless) is a complex multidomain protein that activates the small GTPase Ras (H-Ras, K-Ras, N-Ras, but not functionally distinct R-Ras) in response to receptor tyrosine kinase stimulation. Nucleotide exchange activity of Sos is stimulated by allosteric Ras binding. By another (separable) guanine exchange factor domain domain Sos modulates activity of Rac/Rho GTPases. Sos thus integrates signals that affect both gene expression and cytoskeletal reorganization; the Sos-mediated Ras-activation and Rac activation differ in composition and stability of the formed complex.SpecificityThe antibody SM2 recognizes an epitope included within amino acids 8-23 of STAT1, a 91 kDa transcriptional factor involved in a variety of systems including antiviral responses and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and gamma (IFN-gamma) signal transduction.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: HeLa human cervix carcinoma cell line, reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SOS-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
SHIP-1 (SH2 domain containing inositol phosphatase-1) is a 5´inositol phosphatase that regulates cell responses in lymphocytes and myeloid cells by hydrolyzing the second messenger PI(3,4,5) trisphosphate. SHIP-1 is recruited upon engagement of both inhibitory and activatory receptors, such as FcgammaRIIB, Fcgamma RIII, FcepsilonRI or cytokine and growth factor receptors, and supresses PI3K-dependent signaling, down-regulates cell migration and invasion of transformed cells and phagocytosis. SHIP-1 also serves as a scaffold for the recruitment of other proteins to the plasma membrane.SpecificityThe antibody SOS-01 reacts with human Sos, an ubiquitously expressed 150 kDa intracellular protein. The epitope sequence is highly conserved and reactivity with multiple species is expected.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml; positive control: human blood leukocytes. <br>Western blotting: Positive control: RAMOS human cell line, reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SHIP-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
SCIMP (SLP adaptor and Csk interacting membrane protein), also known as Nvl, is a palmitoylated transmembrane adaptor protein expressed in professional antigen presenting cells, most prominently in the lymph nodes and spleen. It is associated with tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (together with MHC II). There is a close relationship between SCIMP and tyrosinkinase Lyn, which is constitutively bound to it by its SH3 domain. After MHC II-mediated stimulation in the immunological synapse SCIMP becomes phosphorylated at several tyrosine residues and provides docking sites for Grb2 and SLP65 or SLP76 adaptors transducing the signal downstream, as well as for the kinase Csk with modulatory roles.SpecificityThe antibody SHIP-01 reacts with SHIP-1, a phosphoinositide phosphatase largely confined to hematopoietic cells (intracellular antigen). Multiple forms of SHIP-1 have been reported with molecular weights of 110, 125, 130, 135 and 145 kDa.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NVL-07
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
R-Ras2 / TC21 is the only member of R-Ras family of small GTPases that shows transforming activities similar to H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras, and it is also structurally similar to them. R-Ras2 seems to play an important role in activating signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Its mutations are associated with the growth of certain tumors, but also overexpression of the wild type form of R-Ras2 has been frequently detected in various carcinomas. Pseudogenes of R-Ras2 gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody NVL-07 recognizes intracellular part of human transmembrane adaptor SCIMP. This protein of 17 kDa predicted Mw migrates as a 22 kDa band on SDS PAGE.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-50
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) is a multi-functional protein, that is an important component of 40S ribosomal subunit, and binds to lamin. Higher expression of RPSA is characteristic for many carcinomas, and correlates with their invasivity and metastatic potential. It has also been described, that RPSA interacts with amyloid beta peptide during Alzheimer´s disease.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EM-50 recognizes R-Ras2 / TC21 protein (intracellular antigen) and does not react with R-Ras1, H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 8-12 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
RP-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
RLTPR / CARMIL2 (RGD motif, leucine rich repeats, tropomodulin domain and proline-rich containing; capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2), also known as LRRC16C, is a cytosolic protein, which with high affinity binds CAPZA2 (capping protein muscle actin Z-line alpha 2) and decreases CAPZA2 affinity for actin barbed ends. RLTPR / CARMIL2 increases the rate of actin filament elongation from seeds in the presence of CAPZA2, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments. Its interaction with CAPZA2 is essential for lamellipodial protrusion and cell translocation. RLTPR / CARMIL2 is crutial for T cell costimulation via CD28 and this property seems to be independent on its actin-uncapping function. The lack of functional RLTPR / CARMIL2 molecules impeded the differentiation toward Th1 and Th17 fates of both human and murine CD4+ T cells and leads to combined immunodeficiency. Expression of RLTPR / CARMIL2 was also detected in human and murine B cells, but it seems not to be involved in BCR-mediated signaling.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody RP-01 recognizes ribosomal protein SA (RPSA), which is important for formation and stability of 40S ribosomal subunit, and is overexpressed in many carcinomas.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-53
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as N-acetyl-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase I (NAALADase I), folate hydrolase (FOLH1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), is an approximately 95-110 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in various tissues. In nervous system GCPII cleaves abundant N-acetylaspartylglutamate, which is released from neurons in a calcium-dependent manner, to N-acetylaspartate and glutamate. As immoderate glutamate concentration is neurotoxic, GCPII contributes to pathological conditions regarding e.g. Alzheimer´s disease, Huntington´s disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, stroke or neuropathic pain and appears to be an interesting therapeutic target. In jejunum GCPII hydrolyzes pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamate to folate and glutamate, enabling folate to be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. GCPII, which is present in a number of tissues at low levels, is overexpressed in neovasculature of most solid tumours and is a target enzyme for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Normal human prostate express more mRNA coding for a cytosolic GCPII form truncated at the N-terminus (PSM´) than mRNA for membrane-bound GCPII, and this ratio is reversed upon malignant transformation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EM-53 recognizes RLTPR / CARMIL2, an intracellular protein playing a role in actin filament elongation.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: LNCaP cell line. Sample preparation: Resuspend approx. 50 mil. cells in 1 ml cold lysis buffer (1% NP-40). Incubate 30 min on ice. Mix lysate with non-reducing/reducing Laemmli SDS-PAGE sample buffer. Both reducing and non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GCP-04
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. This enzyme participates in the dissolution of the seminal fluid coagulum and plays an important role in fertility. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid; some PSA escapes the prostate and can be found in the serum. This serum component has been used to track the response to therapy in men with prostate cancer.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody GCP-04 recognizes amino acids 100-104 of extracellular domain of denaturated glutamate carboxypeptidase II (PSMA, NAALADase, FOLH1), an approximately 95-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein.Application detailsWestern blotting: Positive material: seminal plasma, reducing conditions, recommended antibody dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
A67-B/E3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
PRR7/TRAP3 (proline-rich 7, transmembrane adaptor protein 3) is a 28 kDa transmembrane adaptor protein ubiquitously expressed at low level (most in brain). Its amino acid sequence is extremely conserved among mammalian and other species. PRR7/TRAP3 contains potential palmitoylation motif and is found in lipid rafts. It is a part of the complex postsynaptic density fraction in neurons and associates with PSD-95, NMDA receptor and probably other proteins. The intracellular domain of PRR7/TRAP3 contains several tyrosines, a proline-rich sequence, and a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif. So far nothing is known about function of this protein. It may be involved in regulation of some receptor signaling and in formation of neurologic and immunologic synapse.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody A67-B/E3 reacts with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a protein produced by normal prostate cells. The highest amounts of PSA are found in the seminal fluid. This antibody recognizes both free and complexed PSA.Application detailsImmunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; cell culture fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton-X100. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: murine brain lysate (red. Laemmli buffer).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TRAP3/10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Freshly ejaculated human sperms were washed in PBS and extracted in 3% acetic acid, 10% glycerol, 30 mM benzaminidine. The acid extract was dialyzed against 0.2% acetic acid and subsequently used for immunization.
PRKAR2A (proteinkinase A regulatory type II alpha subunit), also known as PKR2, or PRKAR2, is a component of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex. The inactive kinase holoenzyme is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. The PRKAR2A subunit has been shown to regulate protein transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus and further to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In sperm, this antigen can be used as an intra-acrosomal marker for evaluation of the physiological state of sperm cells as well as for selection of a suitable method of fertilization in the laboratories of assisted reproduction.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TRAP3/10 recognizes an epitope located in the C-terminal part of the intracellular domain of PRR7/TRAP3 (amino acids 126-253 of human PRR7 / TRAP3), a 28 kDa proline-rich membrane protein presumably associated with NMDA receptor complex.Application detailsImmunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; membrane permeabilization (acetone) is essential.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Hs-36
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
PPM1D is a Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent protein phosphatase 1D with inducible expression in response to various types of environmental stress. This expression is p53-dependent, and subsequently PPM1D negatively regulates the p53-mediated transcription, thus it suppresses the apoptosis. PPM1D contributes to development of carcinomas, and seems to be a promissing therapeutic target. Amplification of PPM1D is associated with breast cancer.SpecificityThe antibody Hs-36 reacts with PRKAR2A (protein kinase A regulatory type II alpha subunit), an intra-acrosomal protein.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
7E11/C5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Perforin is a 70 kDa cytolytic protein with structural and functional similarities to complement component 9 (C9). It is stored in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells and after its release it forms transmembrane pores in the target cells to kill it. As perforin is a key effector molecule for cell-mediated cytolysis, defects of its gene can cause severe disorders.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 7E11/C5 recognizes an epitope within the sequence FTNEDELYNLLTDSP of PPM1D, a protein phosphatase, which contributes to development of some carcinomas.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 3-12 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
dG9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) is the DNA polymerase delta auxiliary protein acting in homotrimeric form to increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. PCNA is expressed in the nucleus of all proliferating cells. In response to DNA damage, it is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. PCNA is a useful marker of DNA synthesis, as its form not involved in DNA synthesis degradates in histological preparations in the presence of organic solvents.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody dG9 (also known as deltaG9) recognizes perforin, a 70 kDa protein expressed in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PC10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
PCLO (piccolo, also known as aczonin) is a large (more than 400 kDa) multidomain protein of the presynaptic cytomatrix in neurons, that is present in all vertebrate synapses, but is absent from invertebrates. It contains zinc finger and coiled-coil sequences, as well as N-terminal glutamine-rich sequence, and C-terminal PDZ domain followed by two C2 domains (C2A and C2B). In vitro binding and transfection experiments suggested that PCLO binds to multiple proteins including profilin and L-type calcium channels. It is involved in neurotransmitter release and insulin secretion.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody PC10 (also known as 3F81) recognizes PCNA, a 36 kDa conserved nuclear protein serving as a cofactor for DNA synthesis.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml, intracellular staining.<br>Western blotting: A small splice variant of PCLO can be analyzed by Western blotting, however, the whole protein is too large (over 400 kDa) to be successfully processed by SDS PAAGE.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PCLO-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63 and do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody PCLO-01 recognizes PCLO (Piccolo), a more than 400 kDa multidomain protein expressed mainly in the presynaptic cytoplasmatic matrix of the neurons.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PANp63-6.1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The tumour suppressor p21Waf1 (wild-type p53-activated fragment 1; also known as Cip1, Cdk interacting protein, or SDI 1) is a cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor, which is expressed by involvement of p53, Egr-1, AP2, STATs or other transcription factors upon various stimuli resulting in cell cycle arrest. Through its N-terminal domain p21Waf1 inhibits Cdk activity, whereas through the C-terminal domain it inhibits the activity of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) to activate DNA replication. Cytosolic location of p21 counteracts its inhibitory activities.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody PANp63-6.1 recognizes both TAp63, and deltaNp63 form of p63. The target epitope PSHLIR is located within amino acids 261-266 of TAp63, and 167-172 of deltaNp63.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Positive tissue: colon carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
WA-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1) is an almost uncharacterized transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets. Its expression is enhanced on TEL/AML leukemic cells. The function of OPAL1 is unknown, although the presence of a cytochrome c-like heme-binding site and a transmembrane domain suggested OPAL1 may be involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its originally reported prognostic impact appears to be treatment dependent.SpecificityThe antibody WA-1 reacts with p21 protein (Waf1, Cip1, SDI 1; intracellular antigen), a 21 kDa tumour suppressor, which inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent family kinases and of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml, intracellular staining.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml, non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
OPAL1-01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
NR2F6 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 6), also known as EAR2 or ERBAL2, is a transcription factor involved in modulation of hormonal responses. NR2F6 represses e.g. transcription of the oxytocin-neurophysin gene, renin gene, lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone receptor gene, and the thyroid hormone receptor gene. In the immune system, NR2F6 affects IL-17 expression in the Th-17 cells, thus also the balance between immunological tolerance and autoimmunity.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody OPAL1-01 recognizes an intracellular epitope of OPAL1 (outcome predictor in acute leukemia 1), a transmembrane adaptor protein expressed mainly by megacaryocytes and platelets.Application detailsWestern blotting: Positive control: HEK293T/17/NR2F6/Ha-tag transfectants, negative control: HEK293T/17 cells. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 3-9 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-51
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Notch 1 is a 270-300 kDa transmembrane heterodimeric protein with multiple extracellular growth factor-like repeats, and with an intracellular domain consisting of multiple different domain types. It serves as a receptor for membrane ligands, such as Delta 1, Jagged 1 (CD339), and Jagged 2, and regulates cell fate decisions. Upon ligand binding the transmembrane form of Notch 1 is repeatedly cleaved to provide approximately 120 kDa Notch intracellular fragment (NICD), which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a part of transcriptional complexes that alter differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The highest level of Notch 1 expression is in brain, lung and thymus.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EM-51 recognizes NR2F6, a transcriptional repressor (intracellular antigen) expressed mainly in the heart, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas, but also e.g. in T cell subpopulations.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
mN1A
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
NG2 / chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 is expressed on glial cell populations, but not on normal hepatopoietic cells. It is an integral membrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expressed by human malignant melanoma cells, where it plays role in stabilizing cell-substratum interactions during early events of melanoma cell spreading on endothelial basement membranes, and supports signaling pathways important for tumor invasion and growth. NG2 also serves as an AML blast tumor marker associated with poor prognosis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody mN1A recognizes intracellular domain of Notch 1 protein, mainly its activated form. The unprocessed Notch 1 protein is recognized with lower affinity.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
7.1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Neurofilaments (NFs) are a type of intermediate filament (IF) expressed almost exclusively in neuronal cells, and in those cells most prominently in large axons. NFs in most vertebrates are composed of three different polypeptide chains with different molecular weights – neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), medium (NF-M) and light protein (NF-L), which share sequence and structural similarity in a coiled-coil core domain, but differ in the length and sequence of their N-termini and more dramatically of their C-termini which in the case of NF-M and NF-H form the flexible extensions that link NFs to each other and to other elements in the cytoplasm. The protein segment on the C-terminal side of the human NF-H rod is uniquely long (more than 600 amino acids) compared to other IF proteins and is highly charged (> 24 % Glu, > 25 % Lys), rich in proline (> 12 %) and improverished in cysteine, methionine and aromatic amino acids. Its most remarkable feature is a repetitive sequence that covers more than half its lenght and includes the sekvence motif Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) greater than 40 times. Plasma neurofilament heavy chain level has been proposed as a marker of axonal injury and clinical use of its degeneration and loss has been suggested as a biomarker of several neurodegenerative diseases.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 7.1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of NG2, the melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 of Mw approximately 220-300 kDa.Application detailsELISA: Capture antibody. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NF-05
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
NCK1 (NCK alpha) is a cytoplasmic adaptor protein that plays a universal role in coordinating the signaling networks critical for organizing the actin cytoskeleton, cell movement, or axon guidance, connecting transmembrane receptors to multiple intracellular signaling pathways. It contains one SH2 domain, through which NCK1 binds to phosphorylated domains of transmembrane signaling moleculs or certain adaptor proteins, and three SH3 domains for binding proline-rich sequences of other molecules involved in the process of nucleation and polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton.SpecificityThe antibody NF-05 recognizes a nonphosphorylated epitope of neurofilament heavy protein (NF-H), a 210 kDa intracellular structural protein of Intermediate Filament Proteins family. NF-H is mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system and reproductive system and is biochemically very stable.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml; positive control: Jurkat cell lysate. <br>Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml; positive control: human NCK1-transfected COS-7 cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-06
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
MICA and MICB glycoproteins are members of MHC class I family, closely linked to HLA-B. However, unlike HLA molecules, MICA and MICB are not associated with beta2 microglobulin and are conformationally stable in the absence of conventional MHC class I peptide ligands. Both proteins are stress-induced antigens expressed mainly in gastrointestinal epithelium, where they are recognized by V-delta1 subset of gamma/delta T cells, and also on diverse epithelial tumor cells. Binding of MICA/MICB receptor, the NKG2D, leads to cytolytic response of NK cells, Tc cells, and gamma/delta T cells. Alternative splicing results in multiple isoforms, and some of them have been associated with susceptibility to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Shedding of MICA-related antibodies and ligands is involved in the progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EM-06 recognizes NCK1 (NCK alpha), an ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic SH2/SH3 adaptor protein important for organization of actin cytoskeleton structures.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6D4
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
MAP2a and 2b (270 kDa) being found mostly in dendrites, stabilize microtubules (shift the reaction kinetics in addition of new subunits and microtubule growth) and participate in determining the structure of different parts of vertebrate nerve cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 6D4 recognizes a common extracellular epitope on MICA and MICB glycoproteins, transmembrane ligands of NKG2D, and is able to block NKG2D-mediated activation of NK cells and cytotoxic T cells.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive tissue: brain. <br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Positive tissue: murine brain. <br>Immunoprecipitation: Positive material: porcine brain. <br>Western blotting: Positive control: porcine brain. <br>ELISA: Positive control: porcine brain.<br> Immunocytochemistry: Positive control: human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MT-07
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Lysozyme is anti-bacterial enzyme found mainly in milk, saliva, tears, plasma, spleen, mucus, and leukocytes (e.g. in cytoplasmic granules of neutrophils). It damages bacterial cell walls by hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins. Lysozyme is part of the innate immune system. It protects wet body surfaces, such as conjunctiva. Reduced lysozyme levels have been associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in newborns. On the other hand high lysozyme blood levels produced for example by myelomonocytic leukemia cells can lead to kidney failure and low blood potassium.SpecificityThe antibody MT-07 recognizes an epitope (aa 1375-1395) located in central domain of molecule Microtubule Associated Protein 2ab (MAP2ab), an intracellular antigen.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 1-12 µg/ml. Excellent. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Positive tissue: tonsil.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LZ598-10G9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
LST1 (leukocyte-specific transcript 1, also known as B144) is expressed in cells of myeloid/erythroid lineage (monocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells, platelets, erythrocytes). At least 14 alternatively spliced variants (LST1/A – LST1/N) can be detected; some of them (LST1/A, B, C, G, I, K) are transmembrane cell surface-exposed forms, the other are soluble. LST1 induces production of long, thin filopodia in dendritic cells, has an inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation and may have an immunomodulatory role. LST1/A is an 11 kDa transmembrane adaptor present in membrane rafts and forms spontaneously covalent homodimers. Its intracellular domain contains two tyrosine motifs, one of them being an ITIM very similar to such motifs in Siglec.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LZ598-10G9 recognizes lysozyme, an approximately 17 kDa antibacterial enzyme, which is being used as a marker for the lineage diagnosis of acute leukemias (intracellular antigen).Application detailsImmunoprecipitation: Positive control: RAJI human Burkitt lymphoma cell line. <br>Western blotting: The antigen migrates on SDS PAGE gels as approximately 25-28 kDa molecule.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LST1/02
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
LARGE1 serves as a glycosyltransferase which participates in glycosylation of the muscle membrane protein alpha-dystroglycan. Mutations of LARGE1 lead to hypoglycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan and cause congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1D) associated with severe mental retardation. Altered alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation may also play a role in cancer, as hypoglycosylation of the protein and loss of laminin binding have been demonstrated in invasive carcinoma cells.SpecificityThe antibody LST1/02 reacts with an extracellular epitope of LST1, an approximately 6-11 kDa protein expressed as various transmembrane or soluble forms. LST1 is found predominantly on monocytes and dendritic cells. It migrates on SDS PAGE gels as approximately 25-28 kDa molecule.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LARGE-02
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein of the transferrin family, which is released to most biological fluids, with particularly high levels in milk. It has anti-inflammatory (e.g. sequestering of lipopolysaccharides), anti-microbial (e.g. blocking of viral attachment to the target cell), and immunomodulatory properties and can prevent infections in young children. Lactoferrin is considered to bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses. It also participates in iron homeostasis, regulation of cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer development and metastasis. Besides biological fluids it is also found in the secondary granules of neutrophils.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LARGE-02 recognizes human LARGE1, a glycosyltransferase expressed mainly in the Golgi apparatus. Crossreactivity with LARGE2 was not determined.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LF5-1D2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Ku Antigen (DNA-dependent DNA helicase) is a heterodimer (of 72 and 87 kDa polypeptides) which contributes to genomic integrity through its ability to bind DNA double-strand breaks and facilitate repair by the nonhomologous end-joining pathway. A DNA double-strand break is a major lesion that destroys the integrity of the DNA molecule. Such damage is introduced by ionizing radiation. Ku binds to free double-stranded DNA ends and is the DNA-binding component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Thus, the Ku protein is involved in DNA repair and in V(D)J recombination, and the Ku-DNA-dependent protein kinase complex may have a role in those same processes. Ku70 and Ku80 share a common topology and form a dyad-symmetrical molecule with a preformed ring that encircles duplex DNA. The binding site can cradle 2 full turns of DNA while encircling only the central 3-4 base pairs. Ku makes no contacts with DNA bases and few with the sugar-phosphate backbone, but it fits sterically to major and minor groove contours so as to position the DNA helix in a defined path through the protein ring. These features are well designed to structurally support broken DNA ends and to bring the DNA helix into phase across the junction during end processing and ligation. Mouse cells deficient for Ku80 display a marked increase in chromosomal aberrations, including breakage, translocations, and aneuploidy. Despite the observed chromosome instabilities, Ku80 -/- mice have only a slightly earlier onset of cancer. Loss of p53 synergizes with Ku80 to promote tumorigenesis such that all Ku80 -/- and p53 -/- mice succumb to disseminated pro-B-cell lymphoma before 3 months of age. The p70/p80 complex binds to the ends of double-stranded DNA in a cell cycle-dependent manner, being associated with chromosomes of interphase cells, followed by complete dissociation from the condensing chromosomes in early prophase. Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus produce very large amounts of autoantibodies to p70 and p80. The autoantibody has been found in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (Graves disease) as well as in those with lupus.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LF5-1D2 recognizes lactoferrin, an iron-binding secreted glycoprotein of about 90 kDa, which has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-microbial properties.Application detailsImmunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml, PFA-fixation possible.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-54
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Kinesin belongs to the group of microtubule-associated motor proteins known to convert chemical energy released from nucleoside triphosphates (preferentially from ATP) into mechanical energy. Conventional kinesin, member of the kinesin superfamily comprising more than 100 proteins, is involved in the anterograde vesicle transport in neuronal cells. Kinesin purified from mammalian brain homogenates is a heterotetramer consisting of two heavy (120 to 130 kDa) and two light chains (60 to 70 kDa), resulting in a molecular mass about 400 kDa. Each heavy chain contains an N-terminal globular motordomain with both a microtubule-binding site and an ATPase active center, stalk region responsible for heavy chain dimerization and finally C-terminal globular tail domain, which is implicated in cargo binding. Light chains may have a regulatory function.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-54 reacts with Ku80, a 80 kDa subunit of Ku autoantigen (heterodimer of 72 and 87 kDa intracellular polypeptides). Ku autoantigen is involved in DNA repair and in V(D)J recombination through its ability to bind DNA double-strand breaks.Application details
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
KN-02
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
Ki-67 is a highly protease-sensitive nuclear protein expressed in two isoforms (345 kDa and 395 kDa), both of which are identified by the antibody clone Ki-67. The Ki-67 antigen is essential for cell proliferation and its expression is restricted to the cycling cells. It is detected in G1, S, G2 and M phase, whereas it is absent in cells which are in G0 phase and it is not associated with DNA repair processes. Ki-67 thus represents an important tool for detection of proliferating cells, which is of great importance in tumor diagnostics and is commonly used as a prognostic factor in cancer studies.SpecificityThe antibody KN-02 recognizes heavy chain of conventional kinesin, a protein associated with intracellular vesicles, and with lower affinity with denaturated molecule. Epitope is located in coiled-coil stalk domain. It stains Western blots of kinesin-enriched preparations. Epitope mapping (by limited proteolysis of partially purified porcine kinesin) followed by immunoblotting has revealed that antibodies KN-01, KN-02 and KN-03 react with different sets of fragments. The antibody KN-02 does not react with kinesin bound to taxol-stabilized microtubules.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-12 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.<br>Immunocytochemistry: Paraformaldehyde fixation; recommended antibody concentration 1 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ki-67
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Ikaros, also known as IKZF1 (Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1) is a hematopoietic-specific transcription factor involved in the regulation of lymphocyte development, together with other members of this family, such as Aiolos and Helios. Ikaros forms homo- and heterodimers with these proteins and functions predominantly in early hematopoietic development. Expression of Ikaros, Aiolos and Helios is restricted to cells of the hematopoietic system, whereas other family members, Eos and Pegassus, are more widely expressed. Disruption of Ikaros leads to T and B cell leukemias.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody Ki-67 recognizes Ki-67 antigen, a non-histone nuclear protein expressed exclusively in proliferating cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4E9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; 16-25 kDa) is an important regulator of the immune response, produced in activated Th1 cells and NK cells, particularly in response to IL-2, TNF-alpha and IL-12; its production is suppressed by IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. The producing of IFN-gamma is activated by specific antigens or mitogens through the T cell antigen receptor. IFN-gamma polypeptide forms: 40-60 kDa forms are observable under non-denaturing conditions as dimers and trimers; 20 kDa and 25 kDa forms exist due to variable glycosylation. IFN-gamma belongs to the type II interferons, also called immune IFN. IFN-gamma shows antiviral activity and has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages and had antiproliferative effects on transformed cells. IFN-gamma plays an important role in regulating B cell differentiation by simultaneously stimulating class switch recombination to the IgG3 and IgG2a isotypes while represing class switch recombination to the IgE and IgG1 isotypes. It also appears to promote antigen presentation by B cells through its effects on MHC. Binding of IFN-gamma to its receptor increases the expression of class I MHC on all somatic cells. It also enhances the expression of class II MHC on antigen-presenting cells. IFN-gamma is the major means by which T cells activate macrophages, increasing their ability to kill bacteria, parasites, and tumours. The activation of macrophages by IFN-gamma is essential for the elimination of bacteria that replicate within the phagosomes of macrophages (f.e. Mycobacteria and Listeria monocytogenes). IFN-gamma can potentiate the high antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta). IFN-gamma may also activate neutrophils and NK cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 4E9 recognizes Ikaros, a transcription factor (intracellular antigen) expressed broadly in hematopoietic progenitors and serving as a key regulator of lymphopoiesis.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 2-4 ?g/ml; positive control: PMA/ionomycin stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml; positive control: recombinant human IFN-gamma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G-23
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TROP2 is a cell surface receptor that transduces calcium signals. It belongs to carcinoma-associated antigens. Mutations of TROP2 have been associated with gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody G-23 reacts with IFN-gamma, a 16-25 kDa cytokine produced by activated Th1 cells and NK cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.<br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.<br>Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; the cells can be fixed with 4% PFA and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 before antibody staining, when needed. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml. Heat-mediated antigen retrieval in citrate buffer, pH = 6.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TrMab-6
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TCR Vgamma9 is a variant of TCR gamma chain, that is present on a subset of human gamma/delta T cells. TCR Vgamma9/Vdelta2 T cells are able to recognize and kill various tumor cells, as this receptor heterodimer binds to certain phosphoantigens, expressed by tumors.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TrMab-6 recognizes an extracellular epitope of TROP2, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. This antibody is usefull for detection of TROP2 in breast cancer.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TCR Vgamma4 is a variant of TCR gamma chain, that is present on a minor subset of human gamma/delta T cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody B3 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human TCR Vgamma9, a variant of TCR gamma chain, which is expressed on a gamma/delta T cell subpopulation with cytolytic activity against various tumor cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 ?g/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4A11.904
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
TCR Vdelta2 is a variant of TCR delta chain, that is present on a major subset of human gamma/delta T cells. TCR Vgamma9/Vdelta2 (or Vgamma2/Vdelta2) T cells are able to recognize and kill various tumor cells, as this receptor heterodimer binds to certain phosphoantigens, expressed by tumors. They can recognize these antigens in an MHC-unrestricted manner. Similarly to NK cells, Vdelta2 T cells express MHC I receptors and killer Ig-like receptors, that are involved in tumor recognition and cytolysis. The potently cytotoxic subset of them is identified by cell surface expression of polysialyated CD56.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 4A11.904 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human TCR Vgamma4, that is present on a minor subset of human gamma/delta T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B6
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody B6 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human TCR Vdelta2, which is expressed on the majority of gamma/delta T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Alpha-beta T cell receptors (TCRs) are antigen specific receptors, which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes. They recognize peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs), that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Binding of alpha-beta TCR to pMHC initiates TCR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK, that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3gamma, CD3delta, CD3epsilon and CD3zeta, enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn, ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NFkappaB (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors, that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation. The T cell repertoire is generated by V-D-J-C rearrangements. This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MHC restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells. Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TCRs with the pMHCs shapes TCR structural and functional avidity.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody B1 (also known as B1.1) recognizes an extracellular epitope of TCR gamma/delta, the subtype of T cell receptor expressed mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
JOVI.1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) is composed of either alpha and beta subunit, or gamma and delta subunit. Majority of T cells present in the blood, lymph and secondary lymphoid organs express TCR alpha/beta heterodimers, whereas the T cells expressing TCR gamma/delta heterodimers are localized mainly in epithelial tissues and at the sites of infection. The subunits of TCR heterodimers are covalently bonded and in the endoplasmic reticulum they associate with CD3 subunits to form functional TCR-CD3 complex. Lack of expression of any of the chains is sufficient to stop cell surface expression.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody JOVI.1 recognizes an extracellular epitope on TCR Cbeta1 (TRBC1).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-4 ?g/ml; positive control: human peripheral blood T cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
IP26
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
SUSD2 (sushi domain containing protein 2) is a type I transmembrane protein, that serves as an important marker of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem-like cells (bone marrow stromal cells). These pluripotent cells are important for techniques of autologous cell therapy, and can be collected from e.g. endometrium, or palatine tonsil. SUSD2 seems to be a tumor supresor, and is down-regulated in colon cancer tissues, whereas it is highly expressed e.g. in breast cancer.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody IP26 recognizes a monomorphic extracellular determinant of TCR alpha/beta, the dominant subtype of T cell receptor expressed in human peripheral blood.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
W5C5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
STRO-1 is a cell surface antigen expressed by stromal elements in human bone marrow, identified by monoclonal antibody STRO-1. Approximately 10% of mononuclear cells, greater than 95% of which are nucleated erythroid precursors, are STRO-1 positive, whereas the CFU-GM (colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage), BFU-E (erythroid burst) and CFU-Mix (mixed colonies) committed progenitor cells are negative. CFU-F (fibroblast colony-forming cells) are present exclusively in the STRO-1 positive population. When plated under long-term bone marrow culture conditions, STRO-1 positive cells generate adherent cell layers containing multiple stromal cell types, including adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and fibroblastic elements. In combination with glycophorin A, STRO-1 is a useful marker for identification of mesenchymal stem cells. STRO-1 and CD117 are markers for osteosarcoma cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody W5C5 recognizes an extracellular epitope of SUSD2, a type I transmembrane protein expressed on mesenchymal stem-like cells. This antibody selectively binds to a MSCs in both bone marrow and endometrium or tonsil, and can be used for their identification and isolation.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM lambda
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
STRO-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in growth arrest, apoptosis promoting and tumour suppression. After ligation of cytokine receptors STAT1 becomes phosphorylated on Tyr701 by Janus kinase JAK1 or JAK2, dimerizes, translocates to nucleus and contacts DNA. STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers serve as more potent transcriptional inducers than STAT1 homodimers. STAT1 is also phosphorylated on Ser727 by MAPK pathway, independently of tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the both modifications are important for its maximal transcriptional activity. On the other hand, STAT1 phosphorylated on Ser727 is targeted for proteasomal degradation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody STRO-1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of the cell surface antigen STRO-1 expressed by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and nucleated erythroid precursors, but not by committed hematopoietic progenitors.Application details
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PSM1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
SIGLEC8 is a sialic acid binding lectin similar to CD33. In its cytoplasmic comain it contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), and a motive similar to a binding site for SLAM-associated protein. SIGLEC8 is expressed e.g. in lymph nodes and spleen. It is an eosinophil marker, although it can be found also on the surface of mast cells. Crosslinking of SIGLEC8 leads to apoptosis. Soluble form of SIGLEC8 can be foud in human serum, especially in case of eosinophil-associated diseases.SpecificityThe antibody PSM1 recognizes transcriptional factor STAT1 (91 kDa) activated by phosphorylation at Ser727 (intracellular antigen).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
7C9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
PODXL is a highly glycosylated sialomucin, which is expressed in many types of tumors, as well as it is a well known marker of embryonic stem cells. Overexpression of PODXL is an independent predictor of cancer progression, metastasis, and poor outcome. PODXL promotes tumor growts and invasiveness, and is a potential target for antibody therapy.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 7C9 recognizes an extracellular epitope of SIGLEC8, an eosinophil marker, expressed e.g. in lymph nodes and spleen.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
PcMab-47
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
PDPN (podoplanin) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of mucin-type character. The specific function of this protein has not been determined, but its homologs in other species were described as differentiation antigens. PDPN can be used as a marker of lung injury. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody PcMab-47 recognizes a glycosylation-dependent epitope (aa 207-210) on human PODXL, a highly glycosylated transmembrane glycoprotein expressed above all in many types of cancer tissues, and on embryonic stem cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LpMab-23
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LpMab-23 recognizes an extracellular epitope on human cancer type PDPN, a transmembrane glycoprotein, serving as a prognostic marker of oral carcinoma. This antibody recognizes an altered glycosylation pattern that occurs on oral cancer cells and it shows minimal reactivity with the surrounding non-cancerous tissue.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Standard ABC technique (DAB+), pretreatment: high temperature antigen retrieval (microwave, pressure cooker) in 10 mM citrate buffer pH 6.0 or 1 mM EDTA-NaOH buffer pH 8.0, recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml, incubation: 1 hour at RT; or overnight at 4°C, positive tissue: breast carcinoma with high level of wild-type p53. <br>Western blotting: recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
FP3.2 [FPS392]
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
NKp80, also known as CLEC5C or KLRF1, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein of the C lectin family, which is expressed in 80 kDa homodimers on NK cells, and subsets of CD8+ alpha/beta T cells, and gamma/delta T cells. It belongs to the activating coreceptors, which induce cytotoxicity, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Its ligand AICL is expressed on myeloid cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody FP3.2 [FPS392] reacts with human p53 tumour suppressor intracellular protein phosphorylated at CKII site (Ser 392).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
5D12
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme enzyme that is localized in azurophilic (primary) granules of myeloid cells and its synthesis occurs at an early stage of differentiation. The mature myeloperoxidase is a tetramer composed of two light (12 kDa) and two heavy (60 kDa) chains. This enzyme uses hydrogen peroxide to oxidize numerous substrates, including serotonin, melatonin or chloride, to produce reactive free radicals that contribute to immune reactions of myeloid cells against pathogens. Myeloperoxidase functions not only in host defense by mediating efficient microbial killing but also can contribute to progressive tissue damage in chronic inflammatory states such as atherosclerosis or acute pancreatitis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 5D12 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human NKp80 (CLEC5C), a C-type lectin family member, expressed on NK cells and subsets of T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MPO421-8B2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
LOX1, a 31 kDa type II transmembrane protein, is a C-type lectin, functioning as a scavenger receptor for e.g. oxidized low density lipoprotein, apoptotic heat shock proteins, or CRP. It is expressed by macrophages, fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, and its defects can lead to atherosclerosis. Its expression is enhanced under inflammatory conditions. Multiple splicing variants have been identified.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody MPO421-8B2 recognizes human myeloperoxidase, a heme protein present in intracellular granules of myeloblasts, neutrophils and monocytes. It is a marker of acute myelogenous leukemias and acute lymphoblastic leukemias.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
15C4
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
LAR is a receptore-linked transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase expressed on mesenchymal stem cells, that reside e.g. in bone marrow, blood, placenta, adipose tissue, or skin, as well as it is expressed on some carcinoma cell lines, including HeLa, MCF-7, or HT29. During the process of externalization, LAR is intracellularly proteolytically processed into two non-covalently associated subunits. This protein is involved in intercellular and cell-matrix interactions and its extracellular part resembles that of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). The extracellular part can be released from the surface, which may be used for regulation of LAR function.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 15C4 recognizes an extracellular epitope of LOX1, a C-type lectin transmembrane protein.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
W7C6
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is produced as a 900 kDa pentamer, which is an efficient complement binder. This antibody type is produced initially in the immune response and it is the first immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by a fetus or newborn. IgM antibodies do not cross the placenta. IgM concentration in blood is 0.12 g/l and its biological survival (plasma T1/2) is 5 days.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody W7C6 recognizes an extracellular epitope of protein tyrosine phosphatase LAR, a marker of mesenchymal stem cells.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.<br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml, extracellular and intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CH2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a 150 kDa soluble protein that serves as a major effector molecule of the humoral immune response in man. Its concentration in blood plasma of healthy individuals is approximately 10 g/l, which accounts for about 75% of the total plasma immunoglobulins. IgG has the highest stability of blood immunoglobulins (T1/2 = 21 days) and is able of placental transfer. IgG is secreted by plasma cells at a comparably high rate as other immunoglobulins.SpecificityThe antibody CH2 reacts with Fc fragment of human IgM.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EM-07
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a 150 kDa soluble protein that serves as a major effector molecule of the humoral immune response in man. Its concentration in blood plasma of healthy individuals is approximately 10 g/l, which accounts for about 75% of the total plasma immunoglobulins. IgG has the highest stability of blood immunoglobulins (T1/2 = 21 days) and is able of placental transfer. IgG is secreted by plasma cells at a comparably high rate as other immunoglobulins.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EM-07 reacts with Fc part of human IgG heavy chain and with isolated Fc fragments.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4A11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a 180 kDa soluble protein serving as an antigen-specific unit of mast cell effector mechanisms. IgE has the lowest serum concentration of all immunoglobulins (approximately 0.5 mg/l) in healthy individuals, but upon allergen challenge its concentration in blood increases dramatically. Although biological survival of free IgE is very short (T1/2 = 2 days), it is stabilized after binding to its high affinity receptor. Unlike IgM- IgG- and IgA-committed B cells, IgE-switched B cells do not undergo clonal expansion.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 4A11 reacts with Fab fragment of human IgG. This antibody detects Fab fragments regardless light chain type.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BE5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is expressed on the surface of naive mature B cells, thus later than IgM, and is coexpressed with it then. Triggered by antigen binding, it signals through the CD79 complex to activate the B cells. Expression of IgD is lost after the isotype switch. Soluble IgD is present in very small amounts in the serum. IgD can bind to basophils and mast cells to activate them in an IgE-independent way to participate in respiratory immune defense.SpecificityThe antibody BE5 reacts with human IgE; it recognizes an epitope different from the ones recognized by 4G7 and 4H10 antibodies to IgE.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
IA6-2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Immunoglobulin classes share the same basic four polypeptide chain structure of two heavy chains (five heavy chains types) and two light chains (kappa, lambda; both having a molecular weight of 22.5kDa). Kappa and lambda consist of a variable region and a constant region and can easily be differentiated by the antigenic properties of the constant region. The ratio of kappa to lambda is 70:30.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody AD3 reacts with alpha-chain of human IgA1 and IgA2.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-09
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
HER3 (ERBB3) is a transmembrane protein of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, although it does not have an active tyrosine kinase domain. It can bind its ligand, but for further signaling it needs heterodimerization with other receptor tyrosine kinases of EGFR family. Overexpression of HER3 has been observed in many carcinomas. Activity of HER3 can be modulated by one of its isoforms, that is secreted from the cell, as its lacks the transmembrane domain.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-09 reacts with both secreted and B cell-surface human immunoglobulin, specifically reacts with kappa light chains (22.5 kDa). Material immunoprecipitated from human serum with the antibody MEM-09 consists of IgG and traces of IgM.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
H3Mab-17
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Granzyme A is a serine protease expressed in the cytoplasmic granules of T cells and NK cells. Vectorial secretion of perforin and granzymes is responsible for their granule-mediated cytotoxicity. Similarly to granzyme B, granzyme A acts to destroy the target cells by proteolysis of their particular components. In case of granzyme A the targets are e.g. APEX1 (it destroys its oxidative repair activity), and nucleosome assembly protein SET (it disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody H3Mab-17 recognizes an extracellular epitope on human HER3, a member of EGFR family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which is overexpressed in many cancers.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml, intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CB9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Galectin-9 is a glycan-binding protein, which is expressed in three main isoforms of 49 aa, 27 aa, and 15 aa. It can be detected on the cell surface, as well as intracellularly, or in a secreted form. On the cell surface, galectin-9 plays roles in contacts with other cells and with extracellular matrix. It is expressed on multiple cell types, but mainly on Treg cells, activated Th cells and some cancers. Its secreted form acts like a cytokine with immunomodulatory and immunosuppresive functions. Massive and inadequate production of galectin-9, associated with some viral infections or cancers, can counteract immune reactions to these illnesses. High levels of galectin-9 expression lead to poor prognosis of cancer patients.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal CB9 recognizes granzyme A, a 28 kDa serine protease expressed intracellularly in activated Tc cells and NK cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9M1-3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CLEC2 (C-type lectin-like receptor 2) functions as a platelet receptor for the lymphatic endothelial marker, PDPN, and mediates platelet activation. Besides platelets, it can be found on myeloid cells and NK cells. CLEC2 functions also as an attachment factor for HIV-1 and facilitates its capture by platelets. Platelet-aggregating snake venom protein rhodocytin also binds to CLEC2.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 9M1-3 recognizes an epitope within C terminus of human galectin-9, a glycan-binding protein expressed mainly on activated Th cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AYP1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD99 is a ubiquitous transmembrane type I sialoglycoprotein of a unique and poorly characterized protein family. CD99 is heavily O-glycosylated and was described as a T cell costimulator and strong activator of integrin-mediated actin cytoskeleton assembly, promoting cell adhesion and homotypic aggregation, immediate arrest on an inflamed vascular endothelium, and cell migration through it. Ligation of CD99 under some conditions can lead to apoptosis. Originally CD99 was described as a human thymus leukemia antigen, an Ewing´s sarcoma-specific membrane marker, and an adhesion molecule involved in spontaneous rosette formation of T cells with erythrocytes.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody AYP1 recognizes an epitope within the extracellular part of CLEC2, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on activated plateles and on platelet microparticles.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3B2/TA8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD95 (Fas, APO-1), a 46 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, is a cell death receptor of the TNFR superfamily. Stimulation of CD95 results in aggregation of its intracellular death domains, formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and activation of caspases. In type I cells caspase 3 is activated by high amounts of caspase 8 generated at the DISC, in type II cells low concentration of caspase 8 activates pathway leading to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and activation of caspase 3 by cytochom c. Besides its roles in induction of apoptosis, Fas also triggers pro-inflammatory cytokine responses.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 3B2/TA8 recognizes CD99, an approximately 32 kDa sialoglycoprotein expressed on the surface of many cell types, with particularly strong expression on Ewing´s sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Within the hematopoietic system, CD99 is expressed on virtually all cell types except granulocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-12 µg/ml. Excellent. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Positive tissue: tonsil.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LT95
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD94, also known as KLRD1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor D1), is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the C-type lectin family, which forms disulfide-linked heterodimers with NKG2A, B, C, E, H proteins, constituting functionally distinct receptors of NK cells and related cell types. CD94/NKG2A and CD94/NKG2B heterodimers serve as inhibitory, whereas CD94/NKG2C and CD94/NKG2E as activating receptors. The ligand for CD94/NKG2 complexes has been identified as HLA-E. Extent of CD94 expression on NK cell surface can be used to demonstrate their progress through the differentiation process.SpecificityThe antibody LT95 reacts with an extracellular epitope on CD95 (Fas/APO-1), a 46 kDa single chain type I glycoprotein of the tumour necrosis factor/nerve growth factor (TNF/NGF) receptor superfamily, expressed on a variety of normal and neoplastic cells. It seems that the antibody LT95 does not induce Fas mediated apoptosis, although it cross-blocks anti-Fas DX2 antibody that recognizes a functional epitope of Fas molecule.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HP-3D9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD93 (also known as C1qR1) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein containing extracellular N-terminal C-type lectin domain and five EGF-like domains, and an intracellular tail interacting with moesin, a protein known to play a role in linking transmembrane proteins to the cytoskeleton and in the remodelling of the cytoskeleton. CD93 was reported to serve as a receptor for complement component C1q, but this function has not been fully elucidated yet. CD93 is involved in intercellular adhesion and in the clearance of apoptotic cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody HP-3D9 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD94, a 70 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on NK cells, NK-T cells, and subsets of CD8+ T cells and gamma/delta T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VIMD2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD92 is a 70 kDa protein with ten transmembrane domains, intracellular N and C teminus, and two glycosylated larger extracellular loops. In the C-terminal domain, there is an ITIM-like sequence. This protein seems to be a choline transporter responsible for delivery of choline into the immune cells, to make it accessible for phospholipid synthesis, as well as a regulator of immune cell signaling. It is expressed mainly on human peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils, and several myeloid and T-cell lines. It can also be found on mast cells (but not eosinophils), and weakly on peripheral blood lymphocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VIMD2 recognizes an extracellular epitope on CD93, an approximately 110-120 kDa glycoprotein expressed mainly on myeloid cells and endothelial cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VIM15
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD9 belongs to proteins of tetraspanin family that orchestrate cholesterol-associated tetraspanin-enriched signaling microdomains within the plasma membrane, forming complexes with each other as well as with integrins, membrane-anchored growth factors and other proteins. CD9 is involved in cell motility, osteoclastogenesis, neurite outgrowth, myotube formation, and sperm-egg fusion, plays roles in cell attachment and proliferation and is necessary for association of heterologous MHC II molecules on the dendritic cell plasma membrane which is important for effective T cell stimulation. CD9 is also considered as metastasis suppressor in solid tumors.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VIM15 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD92, a 70 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly on human peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils, and several myeloid and T-cell lines.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 2-4 ?g/ml, non-reducing conditions. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 20 ?g/ml, positive tissue: prostate.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-61
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD88 / C5aR is a G protein-coupled seven membrane-spanning protein serving as a receptor for C5a component of the complement cascade, and is expressed mainly by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells, but also e.g. by hepatocytes, glial cells, vascular endothelial cells, or cardiomyocytes. The binding of C5a to CD88 is associated with inflammatory response, including superoxide anion production, chemotaxis, and increased production of acute phase proteins. Expression of CD88 on synovial mast cells and their C5a-mediated degranulation plays a role in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-61 recognizes an epitope on second extracellular domain (EC2) of CD9 antigen, a 24 kDa transmembrane protein expressed on platelets, monocytes, pre-B lymphocytes, granulocytes and activated T lymphocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 3-12 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
S5/1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD87, the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (UPAR), is a GPI-anchored single chain glycoprotein of a 50-68 kDa, which is expressed on granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The urokinase plasminogen activator bound to CD87 converts plasminogen to plasmin, and being concentrated on the leading edge of migrating cells, it plays important role in cell adhesion and chemotaxis. CD87 binds to β1, β2, and β3 integrins, and can contribute to cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This antigen can also be used to study normal and abnormal granulopoiesis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody S5/1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD88 protein, a 43 kDa receptor of C5a component of the complement cascade.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VIM5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) are ligands of T cell critical costimulatory molecule CD28 and of an inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 (CD152). The both B7 molecules are expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells and are essential for T cell activation, the both molecules can also substitute for each other in this process. The question what are the differences in CD80 and CD86 competency has not been fully elucidated yet; there are still conflicts in results about their respective roles in initiation or sustaining of the T cell immune response.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VIM5 recognizes CD87 (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor), a 36-68 kDa single-chain GPI-anchored extracellular glycoprotein expressed on granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
BU63
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD85j, also known as ILT-2 (Ig-like transcript 2), LIR-1 (leukocyte Ig-like receptor 1), or LILRB1 (leukocyte Ig-like receptor B1), is a member of Ig superfamily transmembrane glycoproteins named CD85. The CD85j protein is expressed on several types of immune cells (plasma cells, B cells, monocytes, T and NK cell subsets) where it binds to MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells and transduces a negative signal that inhibits stimulation of an immune response. It is thought to control inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity to help focus the immune response and limit autoreactivity.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody BU63 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD86 (B7-2), a 70 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein of immunoglobulin supergene family, expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages or activated B lymphocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GHI/75
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD85g / ILT7 (immunoglobulin-like transcript 7) is a cell surface protein that is expressed on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) and modulates the function of these cells in the immune response, such as the TLR-induced interferon production. It associates with gamma subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor to form a receptor complex which transduces the signal through ITAM-associated downstream molecules. Expression of CD85g is downregulated by interleukin 3.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody GHI/75 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD85j / ILT2, an 110-120 kDa membrane glycoprotein expressed strongly on plasma cells, moderately on circulating B cells, and weakly on monocytes. It is also expressed on T cell and NK cell subsets (variable, individual).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
17G10.2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD84 is a highly glycosylated homophilic receptor of SLAM family. It is expressed on platelets and various types of leukocytes, especially following their activation. Ligation of CD84 leads to its phosphorylation on tyrosine residues within the cytoplasmic tail. These docking sites are recognized by downstream signaling molecules, such as phosphatase SHP-2 and adaptor protein SAP/SH2D1A. The function of CD84 has not been fully elucidated yet. Although predominantly activating receptor, its modulating activity was also demonstrated.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 17G10.2 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD85g / ILT7, a member of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family expressed on plasmacytoid dendritic cells, but not on myeloid dendritic cells and other peripheral blood leukocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CD84.1.21
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD83 is a 40-45 kDa heavily glycosylated type I cell surface glycoprotein of immunoglobulin family. It is expressed on the surface of mature dendritic cells, Langerhans cells in the skin, and interdigitating reticulum cells in the lymphoid tissues. Low expression of CD83 has been reported in activated T and B cells. Cytoplasmic expression of CD83 can be detected also in monocytes and macrophages. CD83 is involved in modulation of antigen presentation. Soluble CD83 has immunoregulatory functions, it is able to down-regulate dendritic cell maturation and stimulation of T cells. In the developing immune system, release of soluble CD83 from dendritic cells upon stimulation by gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria has anti-allergic effect. Herpes simplex virus, on the other hand, causes CD83 degradation in mature dendritic cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CD84.1.21 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD84, a single chain cell surface glycoprotein of 64-82 kDa, predominantly expressed B cells, monocytes, platelets and some T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry:Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/mL, Positive control: peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells. <br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): acetone fixation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HB15e
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD82 (KAI1), a member of the tetraspanin family, forms complexes with other tetraspanin proteins, integrins, coreceptors, MHC class I and II molecules. These complexes influence adhesion, morphology, activation, proliferation and differentiation of B, T and other cells. CD82 regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and may participate in the turnover of the tetraspanin complex members. Besides in the plasma membrane, CD82 is localized also in endosome/lysosome compartments. Tumour-suppressive roles of CD82 have been demonstrated.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody HB15e recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD83, a 40-45 kDa type I glycoprotein expressed on mature dendritic cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C33
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD81 (TAPA-1), a member of the tetraspanin family, is expressed on virtually all nucleated cells, but above all on germinal center B cells. CD81 forms complexes with other tetraspanin proteins, integrins, coreceptors, MHC class I and II molecules, and influences adhesion, morphology, activation, proliferation and differentiation of B, T and other cells, e.g. in muscles CD81 promotes cell fusion and myotube maintenance. CD81 has been also identified as a receptor for the hepatitis C virus.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody C33 recognizes an extracellular/luminal epitope of CD82, a widely expressed cell surface protein of the tetraspanin family. CD82 is also found in endosome/lysosome compartments.Application detailsFlow cytometry: recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.<br>Western blotting: recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml; positive control: Jurkat cells, non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
M38
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The CD8 T cell coreceptor (monomer approx. 32-34 kDa) is expressed as alpha/beta heterodimer on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and as alpha/alpha homodimer on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells and dendritic cells. Regulation of CD8 beta level on T cell surface seems to be an important mechanism to control their effector function. Assembly of CD8 alpha-beta but not alpha-alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. Recruiting triggered TCR complexes to these membrane microdomains as well as affinity of TCR to MHC I is modulated by CD8, thereby affecting the functional diversity of the TCR signaling.SpecificityThe antibody M38 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD81, a 25 kDa member of the tetraspanin family, expressed on majority of cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. <br>Immunoprecipitation: Excellent for immunoisolation of CD8 positive T cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-87
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD79b (Ig beta, B29) forms disulfide-linked heterodimer with CD79a (Ig alpha, MB1). They both are transmembrane proteins with extended cytoplasmic domains containing immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motives (ITAMs), and together with cell surface immunoglobulin they constitute B-cell antigen-specific receptor (BCR). CD79a and b are the first components of BCR that are expressed developmentally. They appear on pro-B cells in association with the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone calnexin. Subsequently, in pre-B cells, CD79 heterodimer is associated with lambda5-VpreB surrogate immunoglobulin and later with antigen-specific surface immunoglobulins. CD79a/b complex interacts with Src-family tyrosine kinase Lyn, which phosphorylates its cytoplasmic ITAM motives to form docking sites for downstream signaling.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-87 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD8, a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. CD8 is a disulfide-linked dimer and exists as a CD8 alpha/alpha homodimer or CD8 alpha/beta heterodimer (each monomer approx. 32-34 kDa).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CB3-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD79a (Ig alpha, MB1) forms disulfide-linked heterodimer with CD79b (Ig beta). They both are transmembrane proteins with extended cytoplasmic domains containing immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motives (ITAMs), and together with cell surface immunoglobulin they constitute B-cell antigen-specific receptor (BCR). CD79a and b are the first components of BCR that are expressed developmentally. They appear on pro-B cells in association with the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone calnexin. Subsequently, in pre-B cells, CD79 heterodimer is associated with lambda5-VpreB surrogate immunoglobulin and later with antigen-specific surface immunoglobulins. At the plasma cell stage, CD79a is present as an intracellular component. CD79a/b complex interacts with Src-family tyrosine kinase Lyn, which phosphorylates its cytoplasmic ITAM motives to form docking sites for downstream signaling.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CB3-1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD79b (CD79 beta, Ig beta), an approximately 38 kDa component of B cell receptor (BCR) complex.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5 ?g/ml. Intracellular staining.<br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml.<br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HM57
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD75 is a lactosamine structure, which is present mainly on the surface of germinal center B cells. With lower level it is present on other mature B cells, and it is downregulated during differentiation to plasma cells. It is a marker which differentiates between malignant B cell types.SpecificityThe antibody HM57 interacts with intracellular domain of CD79a (Ig alpha), a 40-45 kDa subunit of B cell antigen-specific receptor (BCR) and its early developmental forms.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LN1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD74 (the MHC II-associated invariant chain, Ii) is a type II transmembrane protein expressed in antigen-presenting cells, that serves as MHC II chaperone which promotes MHC II trafficking from the ER to endocytic compartments, prevents peptide binding in the ER and contributes to peptide editing in the MHC II compartment; it is also an accessory signaling molecule implicated e.g. in malignant B cell proliferation. Stimulation of cell surface CD74 leads to NFkappaB activation, which enables entry of the stimulated cell into the S phase. CD74 binds pro-inflammatory cytokine MIF with high affinity and interacts with CD44. Binding of Vpu, an HIV1 protein, to CD74 modulates MHC II presentation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LN1 recognizes CD75, a lactosamine structure present mainly on the surface of B cell types.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LN2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD73 (ecto-5´-nucleotidase) is a 70 kDa glycoprotein anchored to the extracellular leaflet of the plasma membrane by GPI. This ecto-enzyme catalyzes dephosphorylation of AMP to adenosine. CD73 is expressed in various types of cells, such as epithelial, muscle, and endothelial cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and fibroblasts. Inflammatory mediators support CD73 expression and its enzymatic activity, leading to the release of adenosine, which modulates inflammation through adenosine receptors. CD73 is expressed in a variety of lymphomas and leukemias, including ALL and CLL, whereas immunodeficient patients usually express low levels of this protein.SpecificityThe antibody LN2 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD74 (the MHC II-associated invariant chain, Ii), a type II transmembrane protein expressed in antigen-presenting cells, as well as e.g. on activated neoplastic cells in T cell lymphomas, in lymph node germinal center, mantle zone B cells, histiocytes, interdigitating reticulum cells, Langerhans cells, thymic dendritic cells and peripheral blood B lymphocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AD2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD72 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed as a homodimer especially in B cells, but also in other antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Through one of its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motives (ITIMs), CD72 interacts with tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, thereby suppressing B cell responsiveness. Binding of CD72 with its ligand CD100 (Sema4D) prevents BCR association and phosphorylation of CD72 and results in dissociation of SHP-1 from CD72, thus enables B cell activation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody AD2 recognizes CD73, a 70 kDa GPI-anchored 5´-nucleotidase expressed predominantly on the surface of T and B cell subsets, follicular dendritic cells and endothelial cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3F3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD71 (transferrin receptor) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed as homodimer in erythroid blood cell line and in activated leukocytes. Upon binding of holotransferrin (complex of transferrin and iron ions), CD71 is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Acidification of endosomes by vesicular membrane proton pumps leads to dissociation of iron ions, whereas transferrin (apotransferrin) remains associated with CD71 and recycles to the cell surface, where it is released upon exposure to normal pH. CD71 is also involved in uptake of non-transferrin bound iron.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 3F3 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD72, a 39-43 kDa type II membrane glycoprotein (C-type lectin family). CD72 is a pan-B cell marker expressed throughout the B lymphocytes diferentiation with the exception of plasma cells; it is also present on follicular dendritic cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-189
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD70, also known as TNFSF7 or CD27L, is a 50 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein of the TNF superfamily. It is expressed mainly on activated lymphocytes, including NK cells, and forms trimeric structure. CD70 plays a role in T-cell activation, proliferation and differentiation, in enhancing the generation of cytolytic T cells, and in long-term maintenance of T cell memory. It is also involved in B cell differentiation induced by activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which also express CD70.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-189 reacts with an extracellular epitope on CD71 antigen (transferrin receptor), a 95 kDa type II homodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on activated B and lymphocytes, macrophages and erythroid precursors; it is lost on resting blood leukocytes. The antibody MEM-189 does not block binding of transferrin to the receptor.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG3 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ki-24
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD7, also known as gp40, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily found on T cells, NK cells, thymocytes, hematopoietic progenitors, and monocytes (weakly). CD7 is also expressed on acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). CD7 crosslinking induces a calcium flux in T lymphocytes, presumably as a result of cytoplasmic domain association with PI3-kinase. CD7 co-stimulation can induce cytokine secretion and modulate cellular adhesion. A ligand of CD7, epithelial cell secreted protein K12, is produced in thymus to regulate thymocyte signaling and cytokine release. In lung microvascular endothelial cells CD7 serves as an IgM Fc receptor. Expression of CD7 is an important marker used in leukemia diagnostics.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody Ki-24 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD70, an approximately 50 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on activated lymphocytes and some B cell leukemias.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
124-1D1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD69 (C-type lectin domain family 2 C, CLEC2C, also known as AIM) is one of the earliest inducible cell surface molecules acquired during leukocyte activation. This glycoprotein serves as a lectin-type receptor in lymphocytes, NK cells and platelets; it is involved in lymphocyte proliferation. CD69 expression is counteracted on T cells in the AIDS stage of HIV infection, and may be also predictive for clinical response to chemoimmunotherapy.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 124-1D1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD7, a 40 kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on peripheral blood T lymphocytes, NK-cells, hematopoietic progenitors, monocytes (weakly) and also on acute lymphocytic leukemia.Application detailsFlow cytometry: recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
FN50
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD68 (also known as LAMP4 or SCARD1) is a 110 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the lysosomal/endosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family and the scavenger receptor family. Although CD68 primarily localizes to lysosomes and endosomes, its fraction circulates to the cell surface. By the heavily glycosylated extracellular domain CD68 binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins. It is expressed mainly in cytoplasmic granules of monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells, but also e.g. in a proportion of epithelial tumours (diagnosis of poorly differentiated neoplasms).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody FN50 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD69, an lymphocyte early activation marker.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 ?g/ml. Extracellular and intracellular staining.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Y1/82A
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The CD66e (CEA; 180-200 kDa) is a member of carcinoembryonic antigens, immunoglobulin supergene family and consists of a single N domain (structural homology to the immunoglobulin variable) and six immunoglobulin constant-like A (A1, A2, A3) and B domains (B1, B2, B3). Human CD66e is heavily glycosylated GPI anchored protein capable of both homophilic and heterophilic adhesion. Disease relevance: The CD66e may play a role in the process of metastasis of cancer cells. CD66e is found in serum and it is clinically used as a tumor marker for early detection of disease due to its expression in adenocarcinomas - potential target of tumor imaging and drug targeting.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody Y1/82A recognizes CD68 (LAMP4), a 110 kDa glycoprotein expressed mainly in cytoplasmic granules of monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Staining technique: standard ABC technique (DAB+), recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml (1:100), positive tissue: adenocarcinoma of colon, pretreatment: 0,1% pepsin in 0,1 M HCl for 30 min at room temperature.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CB30
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD66c is a GPI-anchored glycoprotein capable of homophilic adhesion and heterophilic binding to CD66a-e, CD62E, and galectins. It is expressed on granulocytes and epithelial cells, and has potential applications in the detection of sites of infection and inflammation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CB30 recognizes CD66e (CEA; 180-200 kDa), an extracellular cell surface-bound carcinoembryonic antigen mainly expressed on epithelial cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 3-12 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B6.2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD65 is a fucosylated carbohydrate antigen (ceramide-dodecasaccharide, type II fucoganglioside), which serves as a ligand for CD62E (E-selectin). Its structure is Gal beta1-4 GlcNAc beta1-3 Gal beta1-4 GlcNAc (3-1 Fuc alpha) beta1-3 ceramide. Unlike CD65s, the CD65 antigen does not contain terminal sialic acid, the rest of their structure is identical. CD65 is expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and participates in cell adhesion. It has been reported as important for extravascular infiltration of acute monocytic leukemia cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody B6.2 recognizes a conformationally dependent epitope of native CD66c, a GPI-anchored extracellular glycoprotein expressed on granulocytes and epithelial cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VIM8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD64 (FcgammaRI) is a cell surface receptor for Fc region of IgG. It is composed of specific ligand binding alpha subunit and promiscuous gamma subunit, which is indispensable for tyrosine-based signaling. However, even the alpha subunit can transduce signals leading to cellular effector functions. The isoform FcgammaRIa1 binds human IgG with high affinity, has limited myeloid cell distribution, and a relatively large intracellular domain. Products of related genes include FcgammaRIb and FcgammaRIc isoforms, but these specify low affinity IgG receptors if functionally expressed at all. Besides a role in antigen clearance, FcgammaRI (a1) can potently enhance MHC class I and II antigen presentation in vitro and in vivo.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VIM8 recognizes human CD65, an asialo-fucoganglioside expressed on the surface of peripheral blood granulocytes (highly) and monocytes (weakly).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
10.1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD62P (P-selectin) is an adhesion glycoprotein that is expressed on platelets and endothelial cells upon their activation. Interaction between CD62P and its mucin-like ligand PSGL-1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1) expressed on the microvilli of most leukocytes supports leukocyte rolling along postkapillary venules at the earliest time of inflammation. Both CD62P and PSGL-1 are extended glycoproteins that form homodimers. CD62P dimerization is probably mediated through interactions of the transmembrane domains and stabilizes leukocyte tethering and rolling, probably by increasing rebinding within a bond cluster.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 10.1 recognizes an extracellular epitope on CD64/FcgammaRI, a 72 kDa single chain type I glycoprotein, that is expressed on monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, and activated granulocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HI62P
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD62L (L-selectin) is an adhesion glycoprotein that is constitutively expressed on the cell surface of leukocytes and mediates their homing to inflammatory sites and peripheral lymph nodes by enabling rolling along the venular wall. CD62L is also involved in activation-induced neutrophil aggregation. Activation-dependent CD62L shedding, however, counteracts neutrophil rolling. CD62L has also signaling roles including enhance of chemokine receptor expression. Similarly to CD62P, the major ligand of CD62L is PSGL-1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody HI62P recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD62P (P-selectin), a 140 kD single chain type I transmembrane glycoprotein present in secretory alpha-granules in platelets, in Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelial cells and in megakaryocytes; it is relocated to the plasma membrane upon activation.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LT-TD180
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD61 (beta3 integrin) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which associates with CD41 or CD51 molecules to form heterodimeric adhesion receptores. CD41/CD61 complex is one of the earliest markers of the megakaryocytic lineage. It binds to fibronectin, fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, and is involved in platelet aggregation. CD51/CD61 complex has similar binding properties and is involved in modulating migration and survival of angiogenic endothelial cells.SpecificityThe antibody LT-TD180 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD62L (L-selectin), a 74-95 kDa single chain type I glycoprotein expressed on most peripheral blood B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes; it is also present on a subset of NK cells and certain hematopoietic malignant cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VIPL2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD58 (LFA-3) is an immunoglobulin family adhession molecule expressed by both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells (often on antigen presenting cells) and serving as ligand of CD2. This interaction is important for T cell-mediated immunity. CD58 is expressed in transmembrane form and in GPI-anchored form; the later is constitutively associated with protein kinases whereas the transmembrane form activates kinase activity upon triggering. CD58 is a powerful tool for detection of minimal residual disease in acute lymphocytic leukemia, and for evaluation of liver damage related with hepatitis B.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VIPL2 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD61, a 90-110 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of integrin family, expressed on platelets, megacaryocytes, osteoclasts, endothelial cells and other cell types, including leucocytes and smooth muscle cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml. Cold-induced transient opalescent turbidity may appear during the storage at 2 - 8°C. Bring the antibody to room temperature until the turbidity disappears, and mix well before the use.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-63
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 8.8, 15 mM sodium azide
CD57, also known as HNK1 or Leu7, is a sulphated trisaccharide (3-O-sulfoglucuronic acid beta1-3 Gal beta1-4 GlcNAc) attached to several glycoproteins, including CD56, myelin glycoprotein PO, and neural cell adhesion molecule L1, as well as on glycolipids and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the nervous system. It serves as a NK cell marker and it is expressed on well differentiated prostate cancers and uveal and cutaneous melanoma. CD57+ T cells are implicated as suppressors of T-cell responses.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-63 reacts with CD58 (LFA-3), a 40-70 kDa extracellular membrane glycoprotein distributed over many tissues, leukocytes, erythrocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br>Immunohistochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TB01
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD56 (NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule) is a transmembrane glycoprotein of immunoglobulin family serving as adhesive molecule which is ubiquitously expressed in nervous system, usually as 120 kDa, 140 kDa or 180 kDa isoform, and it is also found on T cells and NK cells. Polysialic modification results in reduction of CD56-mediated cell adhesion and is involved in cell migration, axonal growth, pathfinding and synaptic plasticity. CD56 is a widely used neuroendocrine marker with a high sensitivity for neuroendocrine tumours and ovarian granulosa cell tumours.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TB01 recognizes CD57, a carbohydrate extracellular antigen present mainly on NK cells, NK T cells, and in neural tissue.Application detailsWestern blotting: Non-reducing conditions. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
LT56
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD52 (CAMPATH-1, HE5) is a highly glycosylated GPI-anchored 21-28 kDa glycopeptide which is present at high levels on lymphocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells of male reproductive tract and mature sperm. Its 12-amino acid beckbone carries a complex N-linked carbohydrate moiety, which differs between sperm and leukocyte CD52, as well as the GPI anchor does. CD52 can be acquired by sperm cells from seminal plasma, where it is released by epithelial cells. Although CD52 is not an essential T-cell costimulator, its triggering results in activation of normal human T cells. CD52 is a very good target for antibody/complement-mediated cell lysis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody LT56 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD56 (NCAM), a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed ubiquitously in the nervous system and found also on T cells and NK cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HI186
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD51/CD61 (integrin alpha5beta3), also known as osteoclast functional antigen, serves as a vitronectin receptor, and binds also to fibronectin, fibrinogen, thrombospondin, osteopontin, collagen, and von Willebrand factor. Expression of this antigen increases with melanoma progression. In healthy individuals CD51/CD61 is expressed mainly on osteoclasts, placenta, and endothelial cells, at lower levels on platelets and macrophages.SpecificityThe antibody HI186 reacts with CD52 (CAMPATH-1), a 21-28 kDa extracellular glycoprotein containing a large N-linked carbohydrate moiety; mature CD52 molecule is actually much smaller (approx. 8-9 kDa). CD52 is expressed at high levels on lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and in male reproductive tract.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
23C6
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD5 antigen (T1; 67 kDa) is a human cell surface T-lymphocyte single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein. CD5 is expressed on all mature T-lymphocytes, most of thymocytes, subset of B-lymphocytes and on many T-cell leukemias and lymphomas. It is a type I membrane glycoprotein whose extracellular region contains three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains. The CD5 is a signal transducing molecule whose cytoplasmic tail is devoid of any intrinsic catalytic activity. CD5 modulates signaling through the antigen-specific receptor complex (TCR and BCR). CD5 crosslinking induces extracellular Ca++ mobilization, tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins and DAG production. Preliminary evidence shows protein associations with ZAP-70, p56lck, p59fyn, PC-PLC, etc. CD5 may serve as a dual receptor, giving either stimulatory or inhibitory signals depending both on the cell type and development stage. In thymocytes and B1a cells it seems to provide inhibitory signals, in peripheral mature T lymhocytes it acts as a costimulatory signal receptor. CD5 is the phenotypic marker of a B cell subpopulation involved in the production of autoreactive antibodies. Disease relevance: CD5 is a phenotypic marker for some B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLL, Hairy cell leukemia, etc.). The CD5+ popuation is expanded in some autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, etc.). Herpes virus infections induce loss of CD5 expression in the expanded CD8+ human T cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 23C6 recognizes an extracellular epitope on CD51/CD61 complex, that is expressed mainly on human osteoclasts, but also e.g. on placenta, or melanoma cell lines. The epitope is native and sensitive to fixation. In chicken this antibody can be used to selectively identify the thrombocytes.Application detailsELISA: The antibody MEM-32 can be used in the Sandwich ELISA as the capture antibody in pair with the detection antibody CRIS1. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 20 ?g/ml; positive tissue: spleen. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Laurylmaltoside lysing buffer; non-reducing conditions; recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-32
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD49e (VLA5 alpha) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the integrin alpha subclass (intergrin 5 alpha), expressed on thymocytes, early and activated B cells, monocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, osteoblast and endothelial cells. It binds to RGD sequence in fibronectin and to neural adhesion molecule L1. CD49e interactions are important for maintaining the integrity of the endothelial monolayer, as well as it is involved in monocyte migration, T cell costimulation, regulation of cell survival, and other.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-32 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD5, a 67kDa single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on mature T-lymphocytes, most of thymocytes and B-lymphocytes subset (B-1a lymphocytes).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
SAM1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD49d / integrin alpha 4, unlike other alpha integrins, neither contains an I-domain, nor undergoes disulfide-linked cleavage. It associates with beta 7 chain to form alpha 4 / beta 7 integrin, and with beta 1 chain (CD29) to form VLA-4 integrin. These complexes are important for lymphocyte migration from circulation into tissue (binding VCAM-1) and homing of T cell subsets to Peyer´s patches (binding MadCAM-1), but VLA-4 is also target for invasive bacteria which contain invasin. CD49d is essential for differentiation and migration of hematopoietic stem cells by their adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells, and provides a costimulatory signal to TCR-CD3 complex by inducing phosphorylation of some focal adhesion proteins.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody SAM1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD49e (integrin 5 alpha), a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on thymocytes, early and activated B cells, monocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, osteoblast and endothelial cells.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9F10
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD49c / Integrin alpha 3 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein proteolytically cleaved into two disulfide linked chains. It noncovalently associates with CD29 (integrin beta 1) to form the VLA-3 complex, an adhesion receptor for extracellular matrix components (fibronectin, laminin 1, laminin 5, entactin, and collagen). It is expressed on adherent cells, mainly on fibroblasts, epithelial cells and endothelial cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 9F10 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD49d (alpha 4 integrin), a 145-180 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on B and T cells, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, NK cells, and dendritic cells, but not platelets.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
ASC-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD49b the integrin alpha 2 chain, associates with CD29 (integrin beta 1 chain) to form VLA-2 integrin complex, which plays a critical role in the processes of lymphocyte adhesion and activation. VLA-2 serves as a receptor for collagen, laminin, and fibronectin and also regulates the extracellular matrix synthesis and organization. CD49b has been used to identify NK cells, and coexpressed with CD223 (LAG-3) it identifies CD4+ T regulatory type 1 cells (Tr1).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody ASC-1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD49c (integrin alpha 3), a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of disulfide linked 125 kDa and 30 kDa chains, and expressed on adherent cell lines and to a lesser extent on T and B cells and monocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br>Immunohistochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
AK7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD49a is the alpha 1 chain of VLA integrin complex (together with CD29, serving as the beta 1 chain), and is expressed on activated T cells, monocytes, NK cells, cultured neuronal cells, melanoma cells, mesenchymal cells (including smooth muscle cells), fibroblasts, hepatocytes, and microvascular endothelium. It binds to collagen IV and laminin 1. It is important for leukocyte migration into tissues. It is upregulated in inflammatory tissues, such as inflammed intestine.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody AK7 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD49b, a 160-165 kDa alpha subunit of VLA-2 integrin complex expressed on platelets, megakaryocytes, activated T and B cells, monocytes, epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TS2/7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD47 (integrin-associated protein, IAP) is an ubiquitously expressed cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein interacting with several integrins and regulating their functions. Engagement of CD47 by soluble ligands or counter receptors modulates various signaling pathways, such as activation of heterotrimeric G proteins. Binding secreted thrombospondin-1, CD47 counteracts graft vascularization. CD47 acts also as a ligand for CD172a (signal regulatory protein alpha, SIRP alpha), an immune inhibitory receptor on macrophages; this interaction prevents phagocytosis of CD47-positive cells. Moreover, CD47-CD172a system affects cell migration, B cell adhesion and T cell activation. CD47 is also involved in modulation of chondrocyte responses to mechanical signals, and promotes neuronal development, being especially abundant in synapse-rich regions of brain and retina.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TS2/7 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD49a, the alpha 1 chain of VLA integrin complex, that serves as an adhesion receptor for collagen IV and laminin 1.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-122
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD45R0 is the shortest isoform of a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase, CD45 glycoprotein. CD45 is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family kinases, promotes cell survival by modulating integrin-mediated signal transduction pathway and is also involved in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. CD45 isoforms differ in their extracellular domains, whereas they share identical transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. These isoforms differ in their ability to translocate into the glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane domains and their expression depends on cell type and physiological state of the cell. CD45R0 is expressed e.g. on macrophages, CD8+ T cells, activated T cells and myeloma cells.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-122 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD47 (Integrin Associated Protein), a 50-55 kDa membrane adhesion molecule (thrombospondin receptor; immunoglobulin supergene family) expressed on leukocytes, platelets and erythrocytes. It is also expressed on epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and many tumor cell lines.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): This product does not require protein digestion pretreatment of paraffin sections. This product does not require antigen retrieval using heat treatment prior to staining of paraffin sections. Positive tissue: tonsil. <br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Positive tissue: tonsil. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
UCHL1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD45 (LCA, leukocyte common antigen) is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ubiquitously expressed in all nucleated hematopoietic cells, comprising approximately 10% of all surface proteins in lymphocytes. CD45 glycoprotein is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family kinases. CD45 protein exists as multiple isoforms as a result of alternative splicing; these isoforms differ in their extracellular domains, whereas they share identical transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. These isoforms differ in their ability to translocate into the glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane domains and their expression depends on cell type and physiological state of the cell. Besides the role in immunoreceptor signaling, CD45 is important in promoting cell survival by modulating integrin-mediated signal transduction pathway and is also involved in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis.SpecificityThe antibody UCHL1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD45R0, a 180 kDa low molecular weight isoform of the leukocyte common antigen (LCA). The antigen is expressed on a subset of memory/activated T cells and on cortical thymocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2D1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD42a, also known as glycoprotein 9 (GPIX), composes together with GPIb alpha, GPIb beta and GPV the GPIb-IX-V receptor complex critical in the process of platelet-rich thrombus formation by tethering the platelet to a thrombogenic surface. CD42b binds to von Willebrand factor (VWF) exposed at a site of vascular injury, as well as to thrombin, coagulation factors XI and XII, high molecular wight kininogen, TSP-1, integrin Mac-1 and P-selectin. Defects in the gene encoding CD42a are a cause of Bernard-Soulier syndrome, also known as giant platelet disease. These patients have unusually large platelets and have a clinical bleeding tendency.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 2D1 reacts with an extracellular epitope of all alternative forms of human CD45 antigen (Leukocyte Common Antigen), a 180-220 kDa single chain type I transmembrane protein expressed at high level on all cells of hematopoietic origin, except from erythrocytes and platelets.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
GR-P
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD41 (platelet glycoprotein IIb) is composed of two subunits (120 kDa a, alpha and 23 kDa b, beta) that interact with CD61 in the presence of calcium to form a functional adhesive protein receptor. Upon blood vessel damage, this receptor binds to a variety of proteins including von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, fibronectin and vitronectin. CD41 is mainly expressed on megakaryocyte-platelet lineage, but generally belongs to the antigens that are expressed during early stages of hematopoietic differentiation.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody GR-P (also known as GRP-P) recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD42a (glycoprotein 9), a 22 kDa transmembrane protein constitutively expressed on megakaryocytes and platelets.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-06
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD4 (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein and belongs to immunoglobulin supergene family. In extracellular region there are 4 immunoglobulin-like domains (1 Ig-like V-type and 3 Ig-like C2-type). Transmembrane region forms 25 aa, cytoplasmic tail consists of 38 aa. Domains 1,2 and 4 are stabilized by disulfide bonds. The intracellular domain of CD4 is associated with p56Lck, a Src-like protein tyrosine kinase. It was described that CD4 segregates into specific detergent-resistant T-cell membrane microdomains. Extracellular ligands: MHC class II molecules (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); HIV envelope protein gp120 (binds to CDR2-like region in CD4 domain 1); IL-16 (binds to CD4 domain 3), human seminal plasma glycoprotein gp17 (binds to CD4 domain 1), L-selectin. Intracellular ligands: p56LckCD4 is a co-receptor involved in immune response (co-receptor activity in binding to MHC class II molecules) and HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus; CD4 is primary receptor for HIV-1 surface glycoprotein gp120). CD4 regulates T-cell activation, T/B-cell adhesion, T-cell diferentiation, T-cell selection and signal transduction. Defects in antigen presentation (MHC class II) cause dysfunction of CD4+ T-cells and their almost complete absence in patients blood, tissue and organs (SCID immunodeficiency).SpecificityThe antibody MEM-06 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD41 (GPIIb), a transmembrane glycoprotein (integrin family) composed of two chains GPIIb alpha (heavy chain; 120 kDa) and GPIIb beta (light chain; 23 kDa). CD41 is mainly expressed on platelets and megakaryocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml; positive control: peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-16
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD39, also known as ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1), is a cell surface enzyme (with intracellular N- and C-terminus) which hydrolyzes extracellular ATP and ADP to AMP. Inhibition of its enzymatic activity may confer anticancer benefits. The formation of oligomers in the plasma membrane is essential for enzyme activity. It is expressed on Treg cells, and in other cell types, such as mantle zone B cells, activated T cells, NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neurons, endothelial cells and platelets. Hydrolysis of ATP and ADP inhibits inflammatory and thrombotic responses. In the nervous system, it regulates purinergic neurotransmission.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-16 recognizes an extracellular epitope in EF loop of D1 domain of CD4 antigen, a 55 kDa transmebrane glycoprotein expressed on a subset of T lymphocytes (“helper“ T-cells) and also on monocytes, tissue macrophages and granulocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU66
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD38 (NAD+ glycohydrolase) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein able to induce activation, proliferation and differentiation of mature lymphocytes and mediate apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. Another role of CD38 is provided by enzymatic activity of its extracellular part. CD38 acts as NAD+ glycohydrolase converting NAD+ into ADP-ribose, as ADP-ribosyl cyclase producing cADPR and as cADPR hydrolase, thus affecting levels of calcium-mobilizing metabolites. ADPR produced by CD38 serves as an important second messenger of neutrophil and dendritic cell migration.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody TU66, also known as Tü66, recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD39, a 78 kDa cell surface enzyme expressed by regulatory T cells, mantle zone B cells, activated T cells, NK cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neurons, endothelial cells and platelets.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml; positive control: RAJI human cell line, non-reducing conditions. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HIT2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD37 is a 40-64 kDa tetraspanin family glycoprotein, which forms complexes in the B cell membrane with MHC class II, CD53, CD81, and CD82. It is expressed highly on mature B cells and neoplastic B cells, but it is lost on plasma cells, as well as on pro-B cells. Lower expression was detected on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody HIT2 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD38, a 45 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein strongly expressed mainly on plasma cells and activated T and B lymphocytes; it is an antigenic marker of lymphoid cells. Its binding is blocked by daratumumab.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MB-1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD369 (dectin-1, beta-glucan receptor) is a 33 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein of lectin family, and serves as a part of innate immunity system by binding to beta-glucan polymers, which are typical for yeast and mycobacterial cell walls. CD369 is expressed predominantly on dendritic cells, but it can be detected also on monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, B cells, endothelial cells, and sometimes also on some T cell subsets.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody MB-1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD37, a tetraspanin family transmembrane glycoprotein.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
15E2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD367 is an approximately 20-28 kDa C-type lectin with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in its cytoplasmic part. CD367 binds in calcium-dependent manner to mannose, fucose, and weakly also to N-acetylglucosamine. It is expressed on dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, B cells, and neutrophils. In rheumatoid arthitis patients CD367 is expressed also on CD4+ T cells. After ligand-mediated triggering, it is internalized by clathrin-dependent endocytosis and contributes to the antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells. It may also be involved in modulation of the antigen presenting cell response.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 15E2 recognizes an extracellular epitope LWEDGSTFSSN of human CD369 (Dectin-1), a 33 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed predominantly on dendritic cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
9E8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD361, also known as EVI2B (ecotropic viral integration site 2B) or EVDB, is a poorly characterized type I transmembrane protein, expressed from one of three genes embedded in intron 27b of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene. The DNA strand that is transcribed to produce CD361 is the complementary one to the strand encoding NF1. Murine homolog to human CD361 is associated with ecotropic viral insertions, which have been implicated in the expression of murine myeloid leukemias. CD361 has been also reported to be involved in melanocyte and keratinocyte differentiation. However, it is expressed mainly in peripheral blood and bone marrow.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 9E8 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human CD367, a type II transmembrane protein of C-lectin family, expressed mainly on antigen presenting cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml, Positive control, Positive control: Raji, Daudi, HL-60 cells, peripheral blood lymphcocytes (strongly positive on CD19+ cells), negative control: Jurkat, U-937 cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-216
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD36 (fatty acid translocase, FAT) is an 88 kDa ditopic glycosylated protein that belongs to the class B family of scavenger receptors. CD36 is expressed by most resting marginal zone B cells but not by follicular and B1 B cells, and it is rapidly induced on follicular B cells in vitro upon TLR and CD40 stimulation. CD36 does not affect the development of B cells, but modulates both primary and secondary antibody response. Similarly to glucose transporter GLUT4, CD36 is translocated from intracellular pools to the plasma membrane following cell stimulation by insulin. In mouse, CD36 is responsible for gustatory perception of long-chain fatty acids.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody MEM-216 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD361 / EVI2B, almost uncharacterized type I transmembrane protein with broad leukocyte expression, mostly in myeloid and B cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TR9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD352, also known as SLAMF6 (SLAM family member 6) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on NK cells, T cells, and B cells, and serves as a coreceptor for them. Besides association of its tyrosine phosphorylated intracellular domain with SH2D1A protein, it associates also with SH2 domain-containing phosphatases, which can modulate the signaling. Multiple CD352 isoforms have been identified.SpecificityThe antibody TR9 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD36 (GPIIIb), a 85 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein expressed on platelets, macrophages, endothelial cells, early erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. The antibody TR9 cross-blocks binding of FITC-labeled standard antibody OKM5. Anti-CD36 antibodies inhibit adhesive functions (e.g. adherence of infected erythrocytes to target cells).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-12 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
hsF6.4.20
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD35 (complement receptor 1, CR1) is a monomeric multiple modular cell surface glycoprotein which serves as receptor for C3b and C4b, the most important components of the complement system leading to clearance of foreign macromolecules. It is expressed mainly on the surface of granulocytes, monocytes, erythrocytes, B cells and folicular dendritic cells. Besides its role in complement cascade, CD35 is involved in blocking BCR-induced proliferation and the differentiation of B cells to plasmablasts and their Ig production.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody hsF6.4.20 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD352, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on NK, T and B cells.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Heat mediated antigen retrieval. <br>Immunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Acetone fixation. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD344 (Frizzled class receptor 4) is a G-protein coupled 7-TM protein, predominantly expressed in fetal neuronal progenitor cells, neuronal intestinal cells, as well as in the kidney, lung, brain, and liver. CD344 is important for regulation of cell polarity, proliferation, and tissue development. Defects in CD344 expression, or its mutation, lead e.g. to serious failures in retinal vascularization, defects in cerebellum, progressive hearing loss, or impaired corpora lutea formation and function.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody E11 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD35 (CR1), a type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on granulocytes, monocytes, B cells, folicular dendritic cells, erythrocytes, NK and T cell subsets, as well as e.g. on glomerulal podocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CH3A4A7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
The oncoprotein ErbB2/HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), also known as Neu or CD340, is a 185 kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase of cell surface growth factor receptor family. It is present in a wide variety cell types of normal human fetal and adult tissues and is frequently overexpressed in human carcinomas (e.g. in 20-30% cases of breast cancer cells). Activation of ErbB2 triggers intracellular signalling events, which are essential for cell growth and differentiation. In the last 20 years ErbB2 antigen has become very important marker and therapy target in patient care.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CH3A4A7 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD344 (Frizzled 4), a 7-TM protein of G-protein-coupled receptor family, which is a marker for neuronal stem cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
24D2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD34 is a highly glycosylated monomeric 111-115 kDa surface protein, which is present on many stem cell populations. It is a well established stem cell marker, though its expression on human hematopoietic stem cells is reversible. CD34 probably serves as a surface receptor that undergoes receptor-mediated endocytosis and regulates adhesion, differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and other progenitors. CD34 expression is likely to represent a specific state of hematopoietic development that may have altered adhering properties with expanding and differentiating capabilities in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 24D2 recognizes an extracellular epitope of human CD340 (HER-2), a type I transmembrane protein expressed by mesenchymal stem cells, B-lymphoblastic leukemia cells, subsets of C-ALL blasts, and and various types of carcinomas.Application detailsWestern blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml; positive control: Kg-1a, TF-1 cells, non-reducing conditions. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2 ?g/ml. <br>Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml; positive tissue: placenta endothelium.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4H11[APG]
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD334 / FGFR4 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 4), a transmembrane tyrosine kinase, which is expressed in many tissues, such as in lung, kidney, muscle, heart, pancreas, intestine and other, acts as a receptor for several fibroblast growth factors, namely FGF1, FGF2, FGF6, FGF8, and FGF19. Interaction with these growth factors initiates in cell the signaling cascades leading to the mitogenesis and cell differentiation. Presence of CD334 Gly338Arg allele correlates with prognostic parameters in various cancer studies. CD334 plays multiple roles in the organism, including those of muscle regeneration, cholesterol-to-bile acid metabolism, or glucose homeostasis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 4H11[APG] reacts with extracellular class III epitope on CD34, a 110-115 kDa monomeric transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein expressed on hematopoietic progenitors cells and on the most pluripotential stem cells; it is gradually lost on progenitor cells. The antibody 4H11[APG] completely blocks binding of class III antibodies BIRMA K3 and 8G12 on KG1a cell line.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
4FR6D3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD33 is a transmembrane protein of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) family. It belongs to the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-containing molecules able of recruiting protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 to signal assemblies; these ITIMs are also used for ubiquitin-mediated removal of the receptor from the cell surface. CD33 is expressed on cells of myelomonocytic lineage, binds sialic acid residues in N- and O-glycans on cell surfaces, and is a therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 4FR6D3 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD334, the fibroblast growth factor receptor 4, which is an approximately 88 kDa receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in variety of tissues.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
HIM3-4
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD328, also known as Siglec-7 or p75/AIRM1, is a 75 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) family. CD328 binds to sialylated glycans with alpha2,6 sialyl and alpha2,8 disyalyl residues and mediates sialic acid-dependent cell-cell binding. As it contains in its intracellular part the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), it serves as an inhibitory receptor, e.g. of NK cells.SpecificityThe antibody HIM3-4 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD33, a 67 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein (immunoglobulin superfamily) expressed on myeloid progenitors, monocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells and mast cells; it is absent on platelets, lymphocytes, erythrocytes and hematopoietic stem cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
6-434
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD326 / EpCAM (also known as ESA, EGP40, EGP-2, KSA1/4, CO17-1A, GA733-2, MOC31, Ber-EP4) is a 40 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein serving as adhesion molecule in the basolateral membranes in a variety of epithelial cells. CD326 mediates calcium-independent homotypic cell-cell adhesions. CD326 over-expression has been detected in many epithelial tumours and is often associated with bad prognosis. It has been used for diagnostics of (pre-) malignancies at early stages.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 6-434 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD328 (Siglec-7), a 75 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly on NK cells, dendritic cells and monocytes.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml; positive control: colon epithelium, antigen retrieval: heat (sodium citrate) + trypsin. <br>Immunocytochemistry: Recommended dilution: 4 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br> Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-3 ?g/ml. <br>Immunoprecipitation: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g / 100-500 ?g of protein in 1 ml lysate.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
VU-1D9
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD324 / E-cadherin is an epithelial cell surface molecule, which provides calcium-dependent homophilic interactions with E-cadherin of another cell. These intaractions take part in morphogenetic programs controlling the maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of epithelia and affect invasive potential of epithelial neoplasms. CD324 / E-cadherin is implicated in cell growth and differentiation, cell recognition, and sorting during developmental morphogenesis, as well as in aggregation-dependent cell survival. CD324 / E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion system is highly regulated from inside the cell by a number of intracellular signaling pathways.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody VU-1D9 recognizes an extracellular epitope within EGF-like domain I of CD326 / EpCAM, a marker of epithelial lineages. This antibody strongly stains various normal epithelial cells and carcinomas.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Recommended dilution: 4-8 ?g/ml; positive tissue: tonsil. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
67A4
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD32 (FcgammaRII) is a low affinity receptor for aggregated IgG. It is strongly expressed on monocytes, granulocytes, myeloid and myeloblastic cell lines, and weakly on B cells, CD34+ bone marrow cells, and resting and activated platelets. After binding its ligand, CD32 induces IgG-mediated phagocytosis and oxidative burst in monocytes and neutrophils, whereas in B cells it mediates a negative signal. This polymorphic transmembrane glycoprotein is expressed not only in the activating (CD32a) and inhibitory isoform (CD32b), but also in individual variants with differing avidities for IgG subtypes (e.g. the CD32a131R and CD32a131H allotypes).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 67A4 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD324 / E-cadherin, an approximately 100 kDa epithelial cell adhesion molecule, whose detection is important for determination of invasive potential of epithelial neoplasms.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
3D3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD318 (CUB domain containing protein 1) is a complement domains-containing transmembrane glycoprotein, which takes part in early hematopoiesis. It is expressed on CD34+CD133+ bone marrow cells, keratinocytes, and in human colorectal and breast cancers. It is being used as a marker of mesenchymal stem-like cells, neural progenitor cells, and also as an independent marker for the diagnosis of myeloid leukemias.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 3D3 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD32, a 40 kDa polymorphic transmembrane glycoprotein serving as the low affinity receptor for aggregated IgG. This antibody recognizes CD32 isoforms on B cells of all donors, but on platelets, monocytes, and granulocytes of only some donors (131R variant, but not 131H variant).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-6 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CUB1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD314, also known as NKG2D (natural killer receptor G2D) or KLRK1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1), is a homodimeric C-type lectin-like activating receptor and costimulator with type II membrane orientation (C teminus extracellular). CD314 homodimers are associated with DAP10, a membrane adaptor protein that signals similar to CD28 by recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Engagement of CD314 amplifies antigen-specific T cell responses in CD314-positive T cell populations. In NK cells, CD314 is a primary activating receptor. As CD314 ligands the MHC class-I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA, MICB) and UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs) have been identified.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CUB1 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD318, a type I transmembrane protein involved in early hematopoiesis.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
1D11
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, PECAM-1) is an inhibitory coreceptor involved in regulation of T cell and B cell signaling by a dual immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) that upon associated kinases-mediated phosphorylation provide docking sites for protein-tyrosine phosphatases. CD31 is expressed ubiquitously within the vascular compartment and is located mainly at junctions between adjacent cells. N-terminal Ig-like domain of CD31 is responsible for its homophilic binding, which plays an important role in cell-cell interactions. CD31 is a multifunctional molecule with diverse roles in modulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion, transendothelial migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, negative regulation of immunoreceptor signaling, autoimmunity, macrophage phagocytosis, IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and thrombosis. It is one of key regulatory molecules in vascular system.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 1D11 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD314 / NKG2D, a 42 kDa C-type lectin-like activating receptor expressed by NK cells, gamma/delta T cells, and CD8+ T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br>Western blotting: Non-reducing conditions.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-05
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD307d is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Fc receptor family. It contains two ITIM motifs and one ITSM motif in its cytoplasmic domain. CD307d is expressed mainly on the surface of memory B cells in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. It binds to aggregated immunoglobulin molecules (IgA, IgG). Defects of CD307d may play a role in HIV-induced memory B cell dysfunction.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-05 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD31 (PECAM-1), a 130-140 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on monocytes, platelets, granulocytes, endothelial cells and stem cells of the myeloid lineage.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
A1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD307c is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Fc receptor family. It contains both ITAM and ITIM motifs in its cytoplasmic domain. CD307c is expressed on the surface of NK cells, and T, Treg, B and plasma cell subsets. It seems to play a role in the regulation of immune response. Defects in CD307c function can result in autoimmune diseases, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody A1 recognizes an epitope within extracellular domain of CD307d, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly on memory B cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
H5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD307b is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Fc receptor family. It contains one ITAM motif and two ITIM motifs in its cytoplasmic domain. It is expressed in spleen and lymph nodes in mature B cells and memory B cells. CD307b may be a prognostic marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody H5 recognizes an epitope within extracellular part of CD307c, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly on NK cells, and T and B cell subsets.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
B24
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD307a is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the Fc receptor family. It contains two ITAM motifs in its cytoplasmic domain. CD307a is expressed mainly on the surface of mature B-cells, and is down-regulated in germinal center B-cells. Expression of CD307a is higher in patients with autoimmune diseases, compared with healthy controls.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody B24 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD307b, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed mainly in mature and memory B cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD305, also known as LAIR1 (leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor 1), is an inhibitory receptor found on many types of peripheral blood cells. It serves to suppress cell cytotoxicity, activation, proliferation, and differentiation regarding autoantigens via its two intracellular ITIM sites. CD305 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and the leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor family of proteins. It reacts with collagen ligands.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody E3 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD307a, a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed predominantly on the surface of mature B cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NKTA255
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD300e / IREM-2 (immune receptor expressed by myeloid cells 2), also known as CLM2 or LMIR6, is a monomeric transmembrane glycoprotein with a single extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain. Intracellularly it associates with DAP-12, an ITAM-containing adaptor molecule. CD300e is expressed on mature monocytes and peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells. Its crosslinking leads to release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased expression of activation markers.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody NKTA255 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD305 / LAIR1, a 40 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on NK, T, and B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and thymocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
UP-H2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD30 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the TNF receptor superfamily. CD30 was originally identified as a cell surface antigen of Hodgkins and Reed-Sternberg cells using monoclonal antibody Ki-1. The ligand for CD30 is CD30L (CD153). The binding of CD30 to CD30L mediates pleiotropic effects including cell proliferation, activation, differentiation, and apoptotic cell death. CD30 has a critical role in the pathophysiology of Hodgkin's disease and other CD30+ lymphomas. CD30 acts as a costimulatory molecule in thymic negative selection. In addition to its expression on Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells, CD30 is also found in some non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (including Burkitt's lymphomas), virus-infected T and B cells, and on normal T and B cells after activation. In T cells, CD30 expression is present on a subset of T cells that produce Th2-type cytokines and on CD4+/CD8+ thymocytes that co-express CD45RO and the IL4 receptor. Soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) serves as a marker reflecting Th2 immune response.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody UP-H2 recognizes an extracellular epitope on CD300e / IREM-2, a 32 kDa glycoprotein expressed by mature monocytes and peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml. <br>Immunohistochemistry: Recommended dilution: 5-10 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
Ber-H8
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. These CD3 subunits are structurally related members of the immunoglobulins super family encoded by closely linked genes on human chromosome 11. The CD3 components have long cytoplasmic tails that associate with cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules. This association is mediated at least in part by a double tyrosine-based motif present in a single copy in the CD3 subunits. CD3 may play a role in TCR-induced growth arrest, cell survival and proliferation. The CD3 antigen is present on 68-82% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, 65-85% of thymocytes and Purkynje cells in the cerebellum. It is never expressed on B or NK cells. Decreased percentages of T lymphocytes may be observed in some autoimmune diseases.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody Ber-H8 recognizes extracellular part of CD30 (Ki-1 antigen), a 105 kDa single chain glycoprotein expressed on Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells; it is also found in Burkitt's lymphomas, virus-infected T and B lymphocytes, and on normal B and T lymphocytes after activation (T lymphocytes that produce Th2-type cytokines and on CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes that co-express CD45RO and the IL4 receptor).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-5 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MEM-92
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by sequential steps of physicochemical fractionation (differential precipitation and solid-phase chromatography methods).
Storage buffer:
Tris buffered saline (TBS), pH 8.0, 15 mM sodium azide
CD28 is the critical T cell costimulatory receptor which provides to the cell the important second activation signal by binding CD80 and CD86 that are expressed by antigen presenting cells. Besides its costimulation role CD28 functions in preventing T cells from anergic hyporesponsive state or from undergoing premature apoptotic cell death. CD28 is also expressed on human fetal NK cells and some NK cell lines, whereas on murine NK cells the CD28 expression is much broader.SpecificityThe antibody MEM-92 reacts with an extracellular epitope on epsilon chain of human CD3 complex, a part of a bigger multisubunit complex of the T cell receptor (CD3/TCR) expressed on peripheral blood T lymphocytes and mature thymocytes.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-12 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
CD28.2
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD279 / PD-1 (programmed cell death 1), a transmembrane protein of CD28/CTLA-4 family. It is expressed inducibly mainly on activated T, B, and myeloid cells and plays a role in maintaining peripheral self-tolerance. Binding to its ligands CD273 and CD274 is associated with inhibition of T cell proliferation and induction of their anergy. It is also expressed during thymic development. Some variants of CD279 are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody CD28.2 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD28, a disulfide-linked homodimeric type I glycoprotein (monomer of Mw 44 kDa) which is a critical costimulatory receptor of T cells.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
EH12.2H7
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD274 / PD-L1 (programmed death ligand-1), also known as B7-H1, is a member of the B7 family of regulatory proteins. It can act as both costimulatory and coinhibitory molecule for T cells. Interaction with its receptor CD279 (PD1) appears to be important in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance and in prevention of tumor rejection. Even pathogens (e.g. Schistosoma) may exploit CD274 to evade an immune response. Besides CD279, existence of other receptor(s) for CD274 is likely.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody EH12.2H7 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD279 / PD-1 (programmed cell death 1), a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein expressed above all during T cell development, on activated T cells, activated B cells, and activated monocytes.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (frozen sections): Acetone fixation. <br>Flow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
29E.2A3
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD273 / PD-L2 (programmed death ligand-1), also known as B7-DC, is a member of the B7 family of regulatory proteins. It costimulates the proliferation of T cells, and mediates IFN gamma production. Ligation of CD273 on dendritic cells enhances dendritic cell activation and T cell responses. When interacting with CD279, it can act as a coinhibitor of the T cell function. CD273 expression is a useful marker to distinguish primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma from other diffuse large B cell lymphomas.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 29E.2A3 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD274 / PD-L1 (also known as B7-H1), a 40 kDa type I transmembrane protein expressed by dendritic cells, activated T cells, activated monocytes, and in various tissues, above all in heart and skeletal muscle, placenta and lung, and in many cancer cells, including T cell lymphomas, melanomas, and glioblastomas.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
24F.10C12
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD272, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, contains in its intracellular domain two ITIM sequences, which are upon CD272 triggering phosphorylated and recruit SHP phosphatases to attenuate cell activation. CD272 is expressed on B and T lymphocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, and its ligand is CD270. Defects in CD272-CD270 inhibitory mechanism lead to autoimmune diseases. Overexpression of CD272 is a marker of tolerant T cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody 24F.10C12 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD273 / PD-L2 (also known as B7-DC), a 25 kDa type I transmembrane protein expressed by dendritic cells, activated monocytes and T cells, heart, first trimester placenta, lung and liver, as well as in Hodgkin´s lymphoma cells and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma (PMBL).Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 2-5 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MIH26
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD271 / NGFR, also known as p75NGFR or p75NTR, is a 75 kDa low affinity receptor for the NGF (nerve growth factor), BDNF (brain-derived growth factor), and other neurotrophins, such as NT3 and NT4/5. Unlike other members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of transmembrane proteins, CD271 has unique intracellular domain structure (lacks catalytic activity) and downstream signaling partners. Triggered by its ligands CD271 affects growth, differentiation, migration and death of the nervous system cells.SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody MIH26 recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD272, a transmembrane glycoprotein serving as a negative regulator of the activation in various leukocyte types.Application detailsImmunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml; Positive tissue: melanoma, heat-mediated antigen retrieval. <br>Flow cytometry: Extracellular and intracellular staining; recommended dilution: 1-4 µg/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
NGFR5
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
CD268 / BAFF R is a TNFR family receptor that binds the B-cell-activating factor (CD257 / BAFF). Splice variants of CD268 have been observed both in man and mouse. A naturally occurring mutation of CD268 in A/WySnJ mice is associated with low number of mature B cells, but with normal B cell precursors. The role of BAFF in B-cell survival and activation make CD268 a potential diagnostic reagent. It may be involved in survival of B-cell malignancies. Experimental administration of a CD268-Fc fusion protein suppresses antibody responses. In T cells the CD268 costimulates their activation and proliferation. Defects in CD268 cause the common variable immunodeficiency 4 (CVID4).SpecificityThe mouse monoclonal antibody NGFR5 (originally C34C) recognizes an epitope within ammino acids 1 - 160 of CD271/NGFR, a 75 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the TNFR superfamily.Application detailsFlow cytometry: Recommended dilution: 1-4 ?g/ml.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1 kappa
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
11C1
Concentration:
1 mg/ml
Format:
Purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.
Storage buffer:
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
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